1
|
Wang Q, Greene MI. Survivin as a Therapeutic Target for the Treatment of Human Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1705. [PMID: 38730657 PMCID: PMC11083197 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16091705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Survivin was initially identified as a member of the inhibitor apoptosis (IAP) protein family and has been shown to play a critical role in the regulation of apoptosis. More recent studies showed that survivin is a component of the chromosome passenger complex and acts as an essential mediator of mitotic progression. Other potential functions of survivin, such as mitochondrial function and autophagy, have also been proposed. Survivin has emerged as an attractive target for cancer therapy because its overexpression has been found in most human cancers and is frequently associated with chemotherapy resistance, recurrence, and poor survival rates in cancer patients. In this review, we discuss our current understanding of how survivin mediates various aspects of malignant transformation and drug resistance, as well as the efforts that have been made to develop therapeutics targeting survivin for the treatment of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
| | - Mark I. Greene
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Demirci NS, Çavdar E, Erdem GU, Hatipoglu E, Celik E, Sezer S, Yolcu A, Dogan M, Seber ES. Is the serum level of survivin, an antiapoptotic protein, a potential predictive and prognostic biomarker in metastatic pancreatic cancer? Medicine (Baltimore) 2023; 102:e34014. [PMID: 37352081 PMCID: PMC10289789 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000034014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2023] [Revised: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we aimed to assess the association between the serum survivin level and overall survival and treatment response rates in metastatic pancreatic cancer (MPC). Serum samples were prospectively collected from 41 patients with newly diagnosed MPC patients and 41 healthy individuals (control group) to assess the survivin levels. The median survivin level was 136.2 ng/mL in patients with MPC and 52 ng/mL in healthy individuals (P = .028). Patients were divided into low- and high-survivin groups according to the baseline median survivin level. Patients with a high serum survivin level compared with a low serum survivin level had shorter median progression-free survival (2.39 vs 7.06 months; P = .008, respectively) and overall survival (3.74 vs 9.52 months; P = .026, respectively). Patients with higher serum survivin levels had significantly worse response rates (P = .007). The baseline high level of serum survivin in patients with MPC may be associated with treatment resistance and poor prognosis. A confirmation will be needed for these results in future large multicenter prospective studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nebi Serkan Demirci
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cerrahpasa, Turkey
| | - Eyyüp Çavdar
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Turkey
| | - Gokmen Umut Erdem
- Department of Medical Oncology, Başakşehir Çam and Sakura City Hospital, Turkey
| | - Engin Hatipoglu
- Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa Cerrahpasa, Turkey
| | - Emir Celik
- Department of Medical Oncology, Haydarpaşa Numune Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Sezer
- Department of Biochemistry, Ministry of Health Ankara City Hospital, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Yolcu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey
| | - Mutlu Dogan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Ankara Oncology Training and Research Hospital, Turkey
| | - Erdogan Selcuk Seber
- Department of Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Giordano F, Paolì A, Forastiero M, Marsico S, De Amicis F, Marrelli M, Naimo GD, Mauro L, Panno ML. Valproic acid inhibits cell growth in both MCF-7 and MDA-MB231 cells by triggering different responses in a cell type-specific manner. J Transl Med 2023; 21:165. [PMID: 36864445 PMCID: PMC9983172 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the second leading cause of death among women after lung cancer. Despite the improvement in prevention and in therapy, breast cancer still remains a threat, both for pre- and postmenopausal women, due to the development of drug resistance. To counteract that, novel agents regulating gene expression have been studied in both hematologic and solid tumors. The Histone Deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor Valproic Acid (VA), used for epilepsy and other neuropsychiatric diseases, has been demonstrated a strong antitumoral and cytostatic activity. In this study, we tested the effects of Valproic Acid on the signaling pathways involved in breast cancer cells viability, apoptosis and in Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) production using ER-α positive MCF-7 and triple negative MDA-MB-231 cells. METHODS Cell proliferation assay was performed by MTT Cell cycle, ROS levels and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry, protein levels were detected by Western Blotting. RESULTS Cell treatment with Valproic Acid reduced cell proliferation and induced G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 and G2/M block in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, in both cells the drug enhanced the generation of ROS by the mitochondria. In MCF-7 treated cells, it has been observed a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, a down regulation of the anti-apoptotic marker Bcl-2 and an increase of Bax and Bad, leading to release of cytochrome C and PARP cleavage. Less consistent effects are recorded in MDA-MB-231 cells, in which the greater production of ROS, compared to MCF-7cells, involves an inflammatory response (activation of p-STAT3, increased levels of COX2). CONCLUSIONS Our results have demonstrated that in MCF-7 cells the Valproic Acid is a suitable drug to arrest cell growth, to address apoptosis and mitochondrial perturbations, all factors that are important in determining cell fate and health. In a triple negative MDA-MB 231 cells, valproate directs the cells towards the inflammatory response with a sustained expression of antioxidant enzymes. Overall, the not always unequivocal data between the two cellular phenotypes indicate that further studies are needed to better define the use of the drug, also in combination with other chemotherapy, in the treatment of breast tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giordano
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.
| | - Alessandro Paolì
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Martina Forastiero
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Stefania Marsico
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca De Amicis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Mariangela Marrelli
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Daniela Naimo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Loredana Mauro
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Panno
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, 87036, Rende, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
A combinatorial delivery of survivin targeted siRNA using cancer selective nanoparticles for triple negative breast cancer therapy. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|
5
|
Liu N, Qi D, Jiang J, Zhang J, Yu C. Significance of combined TGF‑β1 and survivin expression on the prognosis of patients with triple‑negative breast cancer. Oncol Lett 2022; 23:193. [PMID: 35527782 PMCID: PMC9073572 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2022.13313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Compared with other types of breast cancer, triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has the characteristics of rapid progression, a lack of specific molecular targets for treatment and a poor prognosis. However, based on previously published studies, TGF-β1 and survivin are potentially meaningful for the prognosis of patients with TNBC. The present study was therefore designed to measure and compare the expression of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and survivin in tissue samples of TNBC and non-TNBC patients in order to evaluate their ability as prognostic indicators. In total, 90 TNBC and 52 non-TNBC tissue specimens were selected, following which immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of TGF-β1 and survivin in the cancer tissues. Subsequently, the potential association between the expression levels of these two proteins and the clinicopathological variables was analyzed. The expression levels of TGF-β1 and survivin in TNBC tissues were found to be significantly higher compared with those in the non-TNBC tissues. In addition, the results of the present study demonstrated that TGF-β1 expression was positively associated with survivin expression in the TNBC samples, but no significant correlation was found between TGF-β1 and survivin expression in the non-TNBC samples. Kaplan-Meier (K-M) analysis was performed to assess the levels of TGF-β1 and survivin in regard to patient survival, and univariate and multivariate Cox analyses of TGF-β1 and survivin protein expression were performed to analyze the overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) rates of patients with TNBC and non-TNBC. Although multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that neither TGF-β1 or survivin were independent prognostic predictors of TNBC or non-TNBC, results of the K-M curve revealed that patients with TNBC with TGF-β1- and survivin-positive breast cancer exhibited shorter OS and PFS times. Multivariate Cox analysis demonstrated that in patients with TNBC, the combined expression of TGF-β1 and survivin may yield additional prognostic information, compared with patients with non-TNBC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nannan Liu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| | - Dongxue Qi
- Department of Pathology, Lianyungang First People's Hospital, Lianyungang, Jiangsu 222000, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jiang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, P.R. China
| | - Jihong Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Beihua University, Jilin 132011, P.R. China
| | - Chunyan Yu
- Department of Pathology, College of Basic Medicine, Beihua University, Jilin 132013, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang J, Xu X, Chen Y, Guan X, Zhu H, Qi Y. The abnormal expression of chromosomal region maintenance 1 (CRM1)-survivin axis in ovarian cancer and its related mechanisms regulating proliferation and apoptosis of ovarian cancer cells. Bioengineered 2022; 13:624-633. [PMID: 34898375 PMCID: PMC8805823 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2021.2012416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer (OC) is the main type of cancer that affects the female reproductive system and has a high morbidity and mortality rate. This study aimed to explore the regulatory effect of the chromosomal region maintenance 1 (CRM1)-survivin axis on the progression of OC. Ovarian cancer cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-survivin and short hairpin RNA (sh)-CRM1. Cell proliferation was analyzed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8), 5-ethynyl-2´-deoxyuridine (EdU) staining, and colony formation assays. Apoptosis was detected using flow cytometry. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were performed to analyze the expression of RNA and protein, respectively. qRT-PCR and prognostic correlation analyses revealed that CRM1 is highly expressed in OC cells and related to survival. The results of qRT-PCR, CCK8, colony formation test, EdU staining, flow cytometry, and Western blotting showed that CRM1 silencing inhibited the proliferation and colony formation of OVCAR 3 and SKOV3 cells and promoted cell apoptosis by promoting Caspase-3 activation. Survivin was positively regulated by CRM1 and promoted the development of OC. The results of the rescue experiment showed that overexpression of survivin reversed the inhibitory effect of CRM1 knockdown on the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells and its inhibitory effect on apoptosis. Our findings confirm the role of the CRM1-survivin signal transduction axis in OC by regulating the proliferation and apoptosis of OC cells, and may thus serve as a potential therapeutic target for OC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Gynecology, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xinyan Xu
- Department of Gynecology, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yongfeng Chen
- Pathology Department, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Xiaoju Guan
- Department of Gynecology, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Hong Zhu
- Department of Gynecology, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| | - Yuhong Qi
- Department of Gynecology, Urumqi Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur, Urumqi, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Pastornická A, Rybárová S, Drahošová S, Mihalik J, Kreheľová A, Pavliuk-Karachevtseva A, Hodorová I. Influence of Paclitaxel and Doxorubicin Therapy of ßIII-Tubulin, Carbonic Anhydrase IX, and Survivin in Chemically Induced Breast Cancer in Female Rat. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:6363. [PMID: 34198613 PMCID: PMC8232094 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in females. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) therapy on the βIII-tubulin, carbonic anhydrase IX (CA IX), and survivin expression in chemically-induced rat mammary tumors. Animals with induced mammary carcinogenesis were randomly divided into treatment groups and an untreated group. The total proportion of tumors, the proportion of carcinoma in situ (CIS), and invasive carcinoma (IC) were evaluated. Protein expression in tumor tissue was determined using IHC. Statistical analysis of the data, evaluated by Fisher-exact test and unpaired t-test. Significantly increased levels of proteins in the tumor cells were confirmed using the IHC method for all studied proteins. The expression of βIII-tubulin, CA IX, and survivin increased significantly after treatment with both cytostatics (PTX and DOX). Depending on the type of tumor, a significant increase in all proteins was observed in IC samples after PTX treatment, and CA IX expression after DOX treatment. In CIS samples, a significant increase of βIII-tubulin and survivin expression was observed after a DOX treatment. The results suggest that βIII-tubulin, survivin, and CA IX may be significant drug resistance markers and the clinical regulation of their activity may be an effective means of reversing this resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alena Pastornická
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 041 83 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (A.K.); (A.P.-K.)
| | - Silvia Rybárová
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 041 83 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (A.K.); (A.P.-K.)
| | - Slávka Drahošová
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University, Kollárova 2, 036 59 Martin, Slovakia;
| | - Jozef Mihalik
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 041 83 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (A.K.); (A.P.-K.)
| | - Andrea Kreheľová
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 041 83 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (A.K.); (A.P.-K.)
| | - Andriana Pavliuk-Karachevtseva
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 041 83 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (A.K.); (A.P.-K.)
| | - Ingrid Hodorová
- Department of Anatomy, Medical Faculty, Šafárik University, Šrobárova 2, 041 83 Košice, Slovakia; (A.P.); (S.R.); (J.M.); (A.K.); (A.P.-K.)
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Oparina N, Erlandsson MC, Fäldt Beding A, Parris T, Helou K, Karlsson P, Einbeigi Z, Bokarewa MI. Prognostic Significance of BIRC5/Survivin in Breast Cancer: Results from Three Independent Cohorts. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13092209. [PMID: 34064473 PMCID: PMC8125570 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Survivin, coded by the BIRC5 gene, is the cell death preventing protein, which is important for cell division in normal and cancer cells. It is intensively studied as a cancer biomarker and target for antitumor therapy. In this study we asked if we could get clinically helpful information on how active BIRC5 is in breast cancer patients? We studied the BIRC5 protein level in tumor samples for breast cancer patients from a West Swedish cohort and its mRNA level in two different public gene expression databases. Survival analysis demonstrated that a higher BIRC5 protein or mRNA level was associated with poor survival in all cohorts and for different cancer subtypes. We show that BIRC5 is a promising independent cancer survival marker. Abstract Breast cancer (BC) histological and molecular classifications significantly improved the treatment strategy and prognosis. Inhibitor of apoptosis BIRC5/survivin is often overexpressed in cancers, however, indications of its importance in BC are inconsistent. We integrate BIRC5 protein and mRNA measures with clinical associates and long-term outcome in three independent cohorts Protein levels of BIRC5 were measured in primary lysates of 845 patients of the West Swedish BC cohort (VGR-BC) and linked to 5- and 27-years survival. The results were externally validated in transcriptomic data from METABRIC and SCAN-B cohorts. Survival analysis showed that high levels of BIRC5 were consistently associated with a poor probability of 5-year overall survival. High BIRC5 in VGR-BC contributed negatively to the disease-specific survival at 5 and 27 years. Subsets with different status by ER (estrogen receptor) expression and presence of nodal metastasis supported independent association of high BIRC5 with poor prognosis in all cohorts. In METABRIC and SCAN-B cohorts, high levels of BIRC5 mRNA were associated with the basal-like and luminal B molecular BC subtypes and with increasing histologic grade. BIRC5 is a sensitive survival marker that acts independent of ER and nodal status, and its levels need to be considered when making treatment decisions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nina Oparina
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg; 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.E.); (M.I.B.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Malin C. Erlandsson
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg; 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.E.); (M.I.B.)
- Rheumatology Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna Fäldt Beding
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Southern Älvsborg Hospital, 50182 Borås, Sweden; (A.F.B.); (Z.E.)
| | - Toshima Parris
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (T.P.); (K.H.); (P.K.)
| | - Khalil Helou
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (T.P.); (K.H.); (P.K.)
- The King Gustav Vth Jubilee Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Karlsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (T.P.); (K.H.); (P.K.)
- The King Gustav Vth Jubilee Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Zakaria Einbeigi
- Department of Medicine and Oncology, Southern Älvsborg Hospital, 50182 Borås, Sweden; (A.F.B.); (Z.E.)
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Science at Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (T.P.); (K.H.); (P.K.)
| | - Maria I. Bokarewa
- Department of Rheumatology and Inflammation Research, Institute of Medicine, University of Gothenburg; 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden; (M.C.E.); (M.I.B.)
- Rheumatology Clinic, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 41345 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Synergistic Effect of Doxorubicin and siRNA-Mediated Silencing of Mcl-1 Using Cationic Niosomes against 3D MCF-7 Spheroids. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13040550. [PMID: 33919902 PMCID: PMC8070967 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13040550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy is a vital option for cancer treatment; however, its therapeutic outcomes are limited by dose-dependent toxicity and the occurrence of chemoresistance. siRNAs have emerged as an attractive therapeutic option enabling specific interference with target genes. Combination therapy using chemotherapeutic agents along with gene therapy could be a potential strategy for cancer management, which not only improves therapeutic efficacy but also decreases untoward effects from dose reduction. In this study, a cationic niosome containing plier-like cationic lipid B was used to convey siRNA against anti-apoptotic mRNA into MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. Mcl-1 silencing markedly decreased the viability of MCF-7 cells and triggered apoptosis. Moreover, computer modeling suggested that the combination of doxorubicin (Dox) and Mcl-1 siRNA exhibited a synergistic relationship and enabled a dose reduction of each agent at 1.71 and 3.91 folds, respectively, to reach a 90% inhibitory effect when compared to single-agent treatments. Synergistic antitumor activity was further verified in a 3D spheroid culture which revealed, in contrast to single-agent treatment, the combination markedly decreased spheroid volume over time. Together, the combination therapy between Mcl-1 silencing and Dox exhibits a synergistic effect that may be exploited for novel breast cancer treatment.
Collapse
|
10
|
The Unique Biology behind the Early Onset of Breast Cancer. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12030372. [PMID: 33807872 PMCID: PMC8000244 DOI: 10.3390/genes12030372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer commonly affects women of older age; however, in developing countries, up to 20% of breast cancer cases present in young women (younger than 40 years as defined by oncology literature). Breast cancer in young women is often defined to be aggressive in nature, usually of high histological grade at the time of diagnosis and negative for endocrine receptors with poor overall survival rate. Several researchers have attributed this aggressive nature to a hidden unique biology. However, findings in this aspect remain controversial. Thus, in this article, we aimed to review published work addressing somatic mutations, chromosome copy number variants, single nucleotide polymorphisms, differential gene expression, microRNAs and gene methylation profile of early-onset breast cancer, as well as its altered pathways resulting from those aberrations. Distinct biology behind early-onset of breast cancer was clear among estrogen receptor-positive and sporadic cases. However, further research is needed to determine and validate specific novel markers, which may help in customizing therapy for this group of patients.
Collapse
|
11
|
Makuch-Kocka A, Kocki J, Brzozowska A, Bogucki J, Kołodziej P, Płachno BJ, Bogucka-Kocka A. The BIRC Family Genes Expression in Patients with Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:1820. [PMID: 33673050 PMCID: PMC7918547 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22041820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The BIRC (baculoviral IAP repeat-containing; BIRC) family genes encode for Inhibitor of Apoptosis (IAP) proteins. The dysregulation of the expression levels of the genes in question in cancer tissue as compared to normal tissue suggests that the apoptosis process in cancer cells was disturbed, which may be associated with the development and chemoresistance of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). In our study, we determined the expression level of eight genes from the BIRC family using the Real-Time PCR method in patients with TNBC and compared the obtained results with clinical data. Additionally, using bioinformatics tools (Ualcan and The Breast Cancer Gene-Expression Miner v4.5 (bc-GenExMiner v4.5)), we compared our data with the data in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. We observed diverse expression pattern among the studied genes in breast cancer tissue. Comparing the expression level of the studied genes with the clinical data, we found that in patients diagnosed with breast cancer under the age of 50, the expression levels of all studied genes were higher compared to patients diagnosed after the age of 50. We observed that in patients with invasion of neoplastic cells into lymphatic vessels and fat tissue, the expression levels of BIRC family genes were lower compared to patients in whom these features were not noted. Statistically significant differences in gene expression were also noted in patients classified into three groups depending on the basis of the Scarff-Bloom and Richardson (SBR) Grading System.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Makuch-Kocka
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Janusz Kocki
- Chair of Medical Genetics, Department of Clinical Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 11 Radziwiłłowska St., 20-400 Lublin, Poland
| | - Anna Brzozowska
- Department of Radiotherapy, St. John of Dukla Lublin Region Cancer Center, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Bogucki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Medical University of Lublin, 4A Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Przemysław Kołodziej
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| | - Bartosz J Płachno
- Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, Institute of Botany, Faculty of Biology, Jagiellonian University in Kraków, 9 Gronostajowa St., 30-387 Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Bogucka-Kocka
- Chair and Department of Biology and Genetics, Medical University of Lublin, 4a Chodźki St., 20-093 Lublin, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Daly R, O'Driscoll L. Extracellular vesicles in blood: are they viable as diagnostic and predictive tools in breast cancer? Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:778-785. [PMID: 33285296 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), often described as mini-maps of their cells of origin, are found in the bloodstream and can be rich sources of cargo released from cancer cells. As such, they could be collected through minimally invasive methods and potentially used as biomarkers. However, the relatively complicated methodologies that separate the purest EVs are the least likely to be translated to the clinic, whereas simpler methods are non-selective for EVs. Notwithstanding this, research is underway to identify blood-based EV-associated diagnostic and predictive biomarkers for breast cancer. There is reason to be optimistic that some approaches will yield useful biomarkers. Thus, further studies with larger cohorts of appropriate samples are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Róisín Daly
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Lorraine O'Driscoll
- School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland; Trinity St. James's Cancer Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Mlole AT, Yahaya JJ, Othieno E, Kalungi S, Okwi AL. Hormonal Receptors, Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor-2 and Triple Negative Immunohistochemical Typing in Women with Breast Cancer in Kampala, Uganda. Int J Womens Health 2020; 12:1109-1123. [PMID: 33343201 PMCID: PMC7745719 DOI: 10.2147/ijwh.s270082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER and PR) and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2) has been reported to have an invaluable prognostic role. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of ER, PR and HER2 in women with breast cancer (BC) in Kampala, Uganda. Methods Expression of ER, PR and HER2 was determined immunohistochemically. Logistic regression was performed to determine the effect of the independent factors in predicting the risk of not expressing the breast markers. A two-tailed p<0.05 was regarded to be statistically significant. Results ER, PR and HER2 were expressed in 53.4%, 46.6% and 18.5%, respectively. ER and PR co-expression was present in 42.7% and 37.9% patients had triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). Age was an independent predictor of expression of ER (AOR = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.062–0.541, p = 0.002) and PR (AOR = 0.35, 95% CI = 0.129–0.968, p = 0.043). Conclusion The majority of patients in this study had less than 50 years with high tumour grade. Interestingly, most of them had high expression of HER2 with TNBC which are molecular subtypes of BC with poor prognosis. Age was an independent predictor of expression of both ER and PR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela T Mlole
- Department of Pathology, Makerere College of Health Sciences (MaKCHS), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| | - James J Yahaya
- Department of Biomedical Science, College of Health Science (CHS), The University of Dodoma, Dodoma, Tanzania
| | - Emmanuel Othieno
- Department of Pathology, Mulago National Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Sam Kalungi
- Department of Pathology, Mulago National Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Andrew L Okwi
- Department of Pathology, Makerere College of Health Sciences (MaKCHS), Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kumar S, Fairmichael C, Longley DB, Turkington RC. The Multiple Roles of the IAP Super-family in cancer. Pharmacol Ther 2020; 214:107610. [PMID: 32585232 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2020.107610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The Inhibitor of Apoptosis proteins (IAPs) are a family of proteins that are mainly known for their anti-apoptotic activity and ability to directly bind and inhibit caspases. Recent research has however revealed that they have extensive roles in governing numerous other cellular processes. IAPs are known to modulate ubiquitin (Ub)-dependent signaling pathways through their E3 ligase activity and influence activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB). In this review, we discuss the involvement of IAPs in individual hallmarks of cancer and the current status of therapies targeting these critical proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swati Kumar
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Ciaran Fairmichael
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Daniel B Longley
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom
| | - Richard C Turkington
- Centre for Cancer Research and Cell Biology, Queen's University of Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Bernardo PS, Lemos LGT, de Moraes GN, Maia RC. Unraveling survivin expression in chronic myeloid leukemia: Molecular interactions and clinical implications. Blood Rev 2020; 43:100671. [PMID: 32107072 DOI: 10.1016/j.blre.2020.100671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative disorder characterized by the BCR-ABL oncoprotein, known to drive leukemogenesis by orchestrating multiple signaling pathways ultimately involved in cell survival. Despite successful response rates of CML patients to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), resistance eventually arises due to BCR-ABL-dependent and independent mechanisms. Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein acting in the interface between apoptosis deregulation and cell cycle progression. In CML, high levels of survivin have been associated with late stages of disease and therapy resistance. In this review, we provide an overview of important aspects concerning survivin subcellular localization and expression pattern in CML patients and cell lines. Moreover, we highlight the relevance of molecular networks involving survivin for disease progression and treatment resistance. Finally, we discuss the mechanisms accounting for survivin overexpression, as well as novel therapeutic interventions that have been designed to counteract survivin-associated malignancy in CML.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Paula Sabbo Bernardo
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lauana Greicy Tonon Lemos
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Nestal de Moraes
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Raquel Ciuvalschi Maia
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Program of Molecular Hemato-Oncology, Brazilian National Cancer Institute (INCA), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Lin Y, Fu F, Lv J, Wang M, Li Y, Zhang J, Wang C. Identification of potential key genes for HER-2 positive breast cancer based on bioinformatics analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e18445. [PMID: 31895772 PMCID: PMC6946304 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000018445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS HER-2 positive breast cancer is a subtype of breast cancer with poor clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) for HER-2 positive breast cancer and elucidate the potential interactions among them. MATERIAL AND METHODS Three gene expression profiles (GSE29431, GSE45827, and GSE65194) were derived from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. GEO2R tool was applied to obtain DEGs between HER-2 positive breast cancer and normal breast tissues. Gene ontology (GO) annotation analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis was performed by the Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery (David) online tool. Protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, hub gene identification and module analysis was conducted by Cytoscape software. Online Kaplan-Meier plotter survival analysis tool was also used to investigate the prognostic values of hub genes in HER-2 positive breast cancer patients. RESULTS A total of 54 upregulated DEGs and 269 downregulated DEGs were identified. Among them, 10 hub genes including CCNB1, RAC1, TOP2A, KIF20A, RRM2, ASPM, NUSAP1, BIRC5, BUB1B, and CEP55 demonstrated by connectivity degree in the PPI network were screened out. In Kaplan-Meier plotter survival analysis, the overexpression of RAC1 and RRM2 were shown to be associated with an unfavorable prognosis in HER-2 positive breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS This present study identified a number of potential target genes and pathways which might impact the oncogenesis and progression of HER-2 positive breast cancer. These findings could provide new insights into the detection of novel diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Lin
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Fangmeng Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jinxing Lv
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Mengchi Wang
- Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA
| | - Yan Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Chuan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Büscheck F, Sulimankhil M, Melling N, Höflmayer D, Hube-Magg C, Simon R, Göbel C, Hinsch A, Weidemann S, Izbicki JR, Jacobsen F, Mandelkow T, Blessin NC, Möller-Koop C, Lutz F, Viehweger F, Möller K, Sauter G, Lennartz M, Burandt E, Lebok P, Minner S, Bonk S, Huland H, Graefen M, Schlomm T, Fraune C. Loss of cytoplasmic survivin expression is an independent predictor of poor prognosis in radically operated prostate cancer patients. Cancer Med 2020; 9:1409-1418. [PMID: 31893572 PMCID: PMC7013067 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.2773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis. Aberrant survivin expression occurs in malignant tumors and has often been linked to unfavorable patient outcome. Here we analyzed 12 432 prostate cancers by immunohistochemistry. Survivin immunostaining was regularly expressed at high levels in normal prostate epithelium but expression was often reduced in prostate cancers. Among 9492 evaluable prostate cancers, 9% expressed survivin strongly, 19% moderately, 28% weakly, and 44% lacked it. Loss of cytoplasmic survivin was seen in advanced tumor stage, higher Gleason score, preoperative PSA levels, and Ki‐67 labeling index, and associated with earlier PSA recurrence (P < .0001). Survivin loss was significantly more common in cancers carrying TMPRSS2:ERG fusions (61% survivin negative) than in ERG wild‐type cancers (32% survivin negative; P < .0001). Multivariate analysis revealed that reduced cytoplasmic survivin expression predicted poor prognosis independent from Gleason score, pT, pN, and serum PSA level. This was valid for ERG‐positive and ERG‐negative cancers. Survivin expression loss even retained its prognostic impact in 1020 PTEN deleted cancers, a group that is already characterized by dismal patient prognosis. In conclusion, reduced survivin expression is associated with more aggressive tumors and inferior prognosis in prostate cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Büscheck
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Mariam Sulimankhil
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Nathaniel Melling
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Doris Höflmayer
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Claudia Hube-Magg
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ronald Simon
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Cosima Göbel
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Andrea Hinsch
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sören Weidemann
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jacob R Izbicki
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Frank Jacobsen
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Tim Mandelkow
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Niclas C Blessin
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Christina Möller-Koop
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Lutz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Florian Viehweger
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Katharina Möller
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Guido Sauter
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Maximillian Lennartz
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Eike Burandt
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Patrick Lebok
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Minner
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Sarah Bonk
- General, Visceral and Thoracic Surgery Department and Clinic, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hartwig Huland
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Markus Graefen
- Martini-Clinic, Prostate Cancer Center, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Schlomm
- Department of Urology, Charité-University Medical Center Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Christoph Fraune
- Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Inhibition of PI3K pathway using BKM120 intensified the chemo-sensitivity of breast cancer cells to arsenic trioxide (ATO). Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2019; 116:105615. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2019.105615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
19
|
Dovitinib Triggers Apoptosis and Autophagic Cell Death by Targeting SHP-1/ p-STAT3 Signaling in Human Breast Cancers. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:2024648. [PMID: 31485222 PMCID: PMC6710795 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2024648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer and the leading cause of cancer deaths in women worldwide. The rising incidence rate and female mortality make it a significant public health concern in recent years. Dovitinib is a novel multitarget receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which has been enrolled in several clinical trials in different cancers. However, its antitumor efficacy has not been well determined in breast cancers. Our results demonstrated that dovitinib showed significant antitumor activity in human breast cancer cell lines with dose- and time-dependent manners. Downregulation of phosphor-(p)-STAT3 and its subsequent effectors Mcl-1 and cyclin D1 was responsible for this drug effect. Ectopic expression of STAT3 rescued the breast cancer cells from cell apoptosis induced by dovitinib. Moreover, SHP-1 inhibitor reversed the downregulation of p-STAT3 induced by dovitinib, indicating that SHP-1 mediated the STAT3 inhibition effect of dovitinib. In addition to apoptosis, we found for the first time that dovitinib also activated autophagy to promote cell death in breast cancer cells. In conclusion, dovitinib induced both apoptosis and autophagy to block the growth of breast cancer cells by regulating the SHP-1-dependent STAT3 inhibition.
Collapse
|
20
|
Almamoori AYK, Elsamie GHA, Metwally MA, Ali S. Sono and photo stimulated Chlorine E6 nanocomposite in tumor-bearing mice: upcoming cancer treatment. RADIOLOGY AND MEDICAL DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING 2019:1-11. [DOI: 10.31487/j.rdi.2019.03.04] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
This study was directed at study the effectiveness of cancer targeted therapy using the activated Chlorine E6 nanocomposite (Nano-CE6). Study was applied on male Swiss albino mice, implanted with Ehrlich tumor (EAC) divided into six groups. Two energy sources were used; laser and Ultrasound. Results showed that Nano-CE6 is a potential sensitizer for photodynamic or sonodynamic treatment of tumor. Nano-CE6 plays an important role in tumor growth inhibition and cell death induction. Activated Nano-CE6 with both infrared laser and ultrasound has a potential antitumor effect. The results indicated that (FA–NGO–CE6) could be used as a unique nanocomposite for cancer targeted therapy SPDT.
Collapse
|
21
|
Veiga GLD, Silva RDMD, Pereira EC, Azzalis LA, Alves BDCA, Gehrke FDS, Gascón TM, Fonseca FLA. The role of Survivin as a biomarker and potential prognostic factor for breast cancer. Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2019; 65:893-901. [DOI: 10.1590/1806-9282.65.6.893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY Breast cancer (BC) is one of the primary health problems worldwide. As the most common cancer in women in the world and in Brasil, behind only non-melanoma skin cancer, this neoplasm corresponds to approximately 28% of new cases per year in the country. BC also affects men, although the incidence corresponds to only 1% of total cases. Currently, most of the chemotherapeutic agents used in BC treatment are extremely toxic and cause long-term side effects. There is also a need to obtain earlier diagnoses, more accurate prognoses and make new therapies available that are more selective and effective in order to improve the current scenario. Therefore, this work sought to evaluate the importance of the biomarker survivin (Sur) in relation to BC, through the detailing of the role of Sur as a biomarker, the correlation between this protein and the prognosis of BC patients, and a summary of therapeutic strategies that target Sur for the development of new anticancer therapies.
Collapse
|
22
|
Singhal SS, Horne D, Singhal J, Vonderfecht S, Salgia R, Awasthi S. Synergistic efficacy of RLIP inhibition and 2'-hydroxyflavanone against DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis in SENCAR mice. Mol Carcinog 2019; 58:1438-1449. [PMID: 31006917 DOI: 10.1002/mc.23026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2019] [Revised: 04/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Substantial evidence suggests that 7,12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA)-induced mammary carcinogenesis in mice mimics human breast cancer (BC) in many respects. Therefore, it has been used extensively to evaluate preventive and therapeutic agents for human BC. Mammary carcinogenesis induced by DMBA administration in female SENsitive to CARcinogen (SENCAR) mice was characterized by histopathological analysis of the mammary glands and alterations to the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B/cyclin-dependent kinase 1 (PI3K/Akt/CDK1) pathway. We recently reported that 2'-hydroxyflavanone (2HF) is a promising diet-derived chemotherapeutic agent that suppresses BC growth in vitro and in vivo by targeting a 76 kDa ral-interacting protein (RLIP). The objective of the current study was to investigate the synergistic anticarcinogenic effects of RLIP inhibition/depletion and 2HF in an in vivo model of DMBA-induced mammary carcinogenesis in SENCAR mice. Mice were given 2HF (50 mg/kg, bw, orally on alternate days), RLIP antibody (Rab; 5 mg/kg, bw, ip weekly), RLIP antisense (RAS; 5 mg/kg, b.w., ip weekly), or a combination of 2HF + Rab + RAS. Animals were monitored daily, and 7 days after the first appearance of moribund behavior, tissues were harvested for morphological and immunohistological analysis. Western blot analyses were performed to determine the expression of anti- and proapoptotic proteins in the mammary glands. Our results reveal that 2HF, RAS, and Rab significantly prevented the carcinogenic effects of DMBA administration in the mammary glands and other organs. Further, mice treated with a combination of 2HF + RAS + Rab exhibited no carcinogenic effect of DMBA as compared to either or the single agent-treated mice. This study demonstrates for the first time the anticarcinogenic effects of 2HF and RLIP inhibition/depletion in vivo in a novel DMBA-induced model of BC in SENCAR mice and provides the rationale for further clinical investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sharad S Singhal
- Departments of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - David Horne
- Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Jyotsana Singhal
- Departments of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California.,Molecular Medicine, City of Hope National Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Steven Vonderfecht
- Pathology Core, City of Hope National Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Departments of Medical Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center and Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Sanjay Awasthi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Nguyen HM, Dao MQ, La HT. Performance of survivin mRNA as a biomarker for breast cancer among Vietnamese women. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01371. [PMID: 30957048 PMCID: PMC6431741 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to perform the reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to express the survivin mRNA among patients with breast cancer in Vietnam and identify some potential associated clinical and pathological factors. Methods Peripheral blood (PB) samples and tissues on 43 patients with breast cancer and 21 patients with fibroids were obtained. The Real-time RT-PCR and gene sequencing techniques were employed to detect survivin gene in breast cancer cell lines and cancer tissues. Results Survivin mRNA transcription was detected in 32/43 (74,4%) of breast cancer tissues and 19/43 (44,2%) of PB samples of breast cancer patients, while it was detected in only 14,3 % fibrosis tissues and 0% in the blood of fibrosis patients. Survivin mRNA on the peripheral blood of breast cancer patients increased with tumor size, and stage of cancer (p < 0.05). In terms of breast cancer tissue, no difference was found in the rate of survivin mRNA expression in according to age, distant metastasis, lymph node, stages of cancer, and histopathology (p > 0.05). Conclusions Results provide the initial evidence of the expression of survivin mRNA in breast cancer patients in Vietnam, suggesting the role of survivin mRNA in breast cancer molecular pathology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huyen Thi La
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Viet Nam
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Nguyen HM, Dao MQ, La HT. WITHDRAWN: Performance of survivin mRNA as a biomarker for breast cancer among Vietnamese women. Breast Dis 2019:BD180374. [PMID: 30958326 DOI: 10.3233/bd-180374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Huyen Thi La
- Institute of Biotechnology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Collin LJ, Cronin-Fenton DP, Ahern TP, Christensen KB, Damkier P, Hamilton-Dutoit S, Kjaersgaard A, Lauridsen KL, Yacoub R, Christiansen P, Sørensen HT, Lash TL. Expression of survivin does not appear to influence breast cancer recurrence risk. Acta Oncol 2019; 58:154-161. [PMID: 30351173 DOI: 10.1080/0284186x.2018.1503419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis, and its expression associates with poor outcomes in multiple cancers. It may be a therapeutic target due to its unique expression in cancer cells. METHODS We estimated the association between nuclear and cytoplasmic survivin expression in primary tumors and breast cancer recurrence. In this case-control study, we included women age 35-69, diagnosed with stage I-III breast cancer between 1985 and 2001, and registered with the Danish Breast Cancer Group. We identified 541 patients with breast cancer recurrence with estrogen receptor-positive disease who were treated with tamoxifen for at least 1 year (ER+/TAM+) and 300 with estrogen receptor-negative carcinomas, not treated with tamoxifen, and who survived at least 1 year (ER-/TAM-). Controls were matched to cases on ER/TAM status, date of surgery, menopausal status, stage and county. Survivin expression was estimated by immunohistochemistry on tissue microarrays. We fit logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) associating nuclear and cytoplasmic survivin expression with recurrence. RESULTS Associations between nuclear and cytoplasmic survivin expression and breast cancer recurrence were near-null in both ER+/TAM + and ER-/TAM - strata. For the cytoplasmic to nuclear ratio (CNR) of survivin expression, we found a null association in the ER+/TAM + group comparing CNR ≥5 with CNR <5, but an association (OR =2.48, 95% CI: 1.15, 5.31) in the ER-/TAM - group. CONCLUSIONS Survivin expression was not associated with breast cancer recurrence in this study. The CNR ratio may warrant further investigation especially among ER - tumors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay J. Collin
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Thomas P. Ahern
- Department of Surgery, College of Medicine at The University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA
| | | | - Per Damkier
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Anders Kjaersgaard
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Rami Yacoub
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peer Christiansen
- Breast Unit, Aarhus Denmark and on behalf of the Danish Breast Cancer Group, Aarhus University Hospital/Randers Regional Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Henrik Toft Sørensen
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Timothy L. Lash
- Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Sušac I, Ozretić P, Gregorić M, Levačić Cvok M, Sabol M, Levanat S, Trnski D, Eljuga D, Seiwerth S, Aralica G, Stanec M, Musani V. Polymorphisms in Survivin ( BIRC5 Gene) Are Associated with Age of Onset in Breast Cancer Patients. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2019; 2019:3483192. [PMID: 31467536 PMCID: PMC6699404 DOI: 10.1155/2019/3483192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Survivin, encoded by BIRC5 gene (baculoviral IAP repeat containing 5), belongs to the family of inhibitors of apoptosis proteins (IAPs). In mammalian cells it participates in the control of mitosis, apoptosis regulation, and cellular stress response. Its expression is increased in almost all types of cancers. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of BIRC5 polymorphisms in breast cancer (BC) and to connect survivin expression with various clinicopathological characteristics of BC patients. Blood and archival tumour tissue samples were collected from 26 BC patients from Croatia. Survivin expression was determined immunohistochemically. BIRC5 promoter, coding region, and 3'UTR were genotyped. DNA from 74 healthy women was used as control. BIRC5 polymorphisms and survivin expression were tested against age of onset, histological grade, tumour type and size, lymph node status, oestrogen, progesterone, Her2, and Ki67 status. Numbers of samples with weak, moderate, and strong survivin expression were 9 (33.3%), 11 (40.7%), and 7 (25.9%), respectively. Most patients had nuclear survivin staining (92.6%). High survivin expression was significantly associated with negative oestrogen receptor status (p=0.007) and positive Ki67 expression (p=0.032). Ki67 expression was also positively correlated with histological grade (p=0.0009). Fourteen polymorphisms were found in BC samples, located mostly in promoter and 3'UTR of BIRC5. There was no significant difference in the distribution of polymorphisms between BC and control samples. Among clinicopathological characteristics of BC patients, alleles of five BIRC5 polymorphisms were associated with younger age of onset: c.-644T>C (55.8 years [y] vs. 48.1 y; p=0.006), c.-241C>T (54.2 y vs. 45.0; p=0.029), c.9809T>C (55.8 y vs. 48.1 y; p=0.006), c.-1547C>T (58.3 y vs. 50.9 y; p=0.011), and c.9386T>C (50.8 y vs. 59.5 y; p=0.004). To assess the significance of BIRC5 polymorphisms and survivin expression as predictive and prognostic biomarkers for BC further research with a larger sample size is needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Petar Ozretić
- 2Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | | | - Mirela Levačić Cvok
- 2Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- 4Kardinal Alojzije Stepinac Krašić Primary School, 10454 Krašić, Croatia
| | - Maja Sabol
- 2Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sonja Levanat
- 2Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Diana Trnski
- 2Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Domagoj Eljuga
- 1Eljuga Polyclinic, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- 5Department for Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital for Tumors, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Sven Seiwerth
- 6Institute of Pathology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- 7Clinical Department of Pathology and Cytology, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Gorana Aralica
- 6Institute of Pathology, University of Zagreb School of Medicine, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
- 8Department of Pathology, Clinical Hospital Dubrava, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mladen Stanec
- 5Department for Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital for Tumors, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Vesna Musani
- 2Division of Molecular Medicine, Ruđer Bošković Institute, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Namee NM, O'Driscoll L. Extracellular vesicles and anti-cancer drug resistance. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2018; 1870:123-136. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
28
|
Bozkaya Y, Özdemir NY, Sezer S, Köstek O, Demirci NS, Yazıcı O, Erdem GU, Eren T, Zengin N. Is serum survivin expression a predictive biomarker in locally advanced gastric cancer patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy? Cancer Biomark 2018; 22:143-149. [PMID: 29562501 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-171119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The potential prognostic value of survivin is variably reported depending on the gastric cancer. OBJECTIVE Evaluation of the prognostic and predictive significance of serum survivin and its relation with survival and treatment response rates in patients with locally advanced gastric cancer (LAGC). METHODS Serum samples were prospectively collected from 50 patients with newly diagnosed LAGC. Serum samples of 32 healthy subjects were also collected as control groups for survivin levels. Serum survivin levels were evaluated at baseline and after three cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in LAGC patients. RESULTS Median survivin level was 147 IU/L (range = 4.4-4936) at baseline and was 27 IU/L (range = 4.2-4737) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The difference between survivin levels of the control group (26 IU/L, range = 3.8-1430) and pre-treatment patient group was statistically significant (p< 0.001). Clinical response to mDCF regimen was classified as progressive (progressive disease) and non-progressive groups (partial response + stable disease). Baseline survivin levels were similar between patients in progressive and non-progressive groups (p= 0.55). Survivin levels were significantly reduced after chemotherapy in non-progressive group (p< 0.001). In contrast, serum survivin levels increased in a stepwise fashion from baseline to post-chemotherapy in patients with progressive disease (p= 0.06). Patients were divided into low and high survivin groups according to baseline median survivin levels. Median DFS was 12.4 and 14.6 months for low and high groups, respectively (p= 0.18). Moreover, median OS was 14.4 and 24.9 months for low and high group, respectively (p= 0.14). CONCLUSION It can be suggested that serum survivin can be used as a predictor of response to chemotherapy- but not survival- in LAGC patients receiving neoadjuvant mDCF chemotherapy. However, large multicenter prospective studies are required to confirm these results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yakup Bozkaya
- Department of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nuriye Yıldırım Özdemir
- Department of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sevilay Sezer
- Department of Biochemistry, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Osman Köstek
- Department of Medical Oncology, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Nebi Serkan Demirci
- Department of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Ozan Yazıcı
- Department of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gökmen Umut Erdem
- Department of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tülay Eren
- Department of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurullah Zengin
- Department of Medical Oncology, SBÜ Ankara Numune Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Mazzio EA, Lewis CA, Elhag R, Soliman KF. Effects of Sepantronium Bromide (YM-155) on the Whole Transcriptome of MDA-MB-231 Cells: Highlight on Impaired ATR/ATM Fanconi Anemia DNA Damage Response. Cancer Genomics Proteomics 2018; 15:249-264. [PMID: 29976630 PMCID: PMC6070710 DOI: 10.21873/cgp.20083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/16/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepantronium bromide (YM-155) is believed to elicit apoptosis and mitotic arrest in tumor cells by reducing (BIRC5, survivin) mRNA. In this study, we monitored changes in survivin mRNA and protein after treating MDA-MB-231 cells with YM-155 concurrent with evaluation of whole transcriptomic (WT) mRNA and long intergenic non-coding RNA at 2 time points: 8 h sub-lethal (83 ng/mL) and 20 h at the LC50 (14.6 ng/mL). The data show a tight association between cell death and the precipitating loss of survivin protein and mRNA (-2.67 fold-change (FC), p<0.001) at 20 h, questioning if the decline in survivin is attributed to cell death or drug impact. The meager loss of survivin mRNA was overshadowed by enormous differential change to the WT in both magnitude and significance for over 2000 differentially up/down-regulated transcripts: (+22 FC to -12 FC, p<0.001). The data show YM-155 to up-regulate transcripts in control of circadian rhythm (NOCT, PER, BHLHe40, NFIL3), tumor suppression (SIK1, FOSB), histone methylation (KDM6B) and negative feedback of NF-kappa B signaling (TNFAIP3). Down-regulated transcripts by YM-155 include glucuronidase (GUSBP3), numerous micro-RNAs, DNA damage repair elements (CENPI, POLQ, RAD54B) and the most affected system was the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/Fanconi anemia E3 monoubiquitin ligase core complexes (FANC transcripts - A/B/E/F/G/M), FANC2, FANCI, BRCA1, BRCA2, RAD51, PALB2 gene and ATR (ATM- and Rad3-Related) pathway. In conclusion, these findings suggest that a primary target of YM-155 is the loss of replicative DNA repair systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth A Mazzio
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Charles A Lewis
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Rashid Elhag
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A
| | - Karam F Soliman
- College of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL, U.S.A.
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Mwakigonja AR, Lushina NE, Mwanga A. Characterization of hormonal receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 in tissues of women with breast cancer at Muhimbili National Hospital, Dar es salaam, Tanzania. Infect Agent Cancer 2017; 12:60. [PMID: 29142588 PMCID: PMC5674811 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-017-0170-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and deaths among women worldwide. In Tanzania there is no published data on human epidermal growth receptor-2 (HER2/neu) expression in breast carcinoma. Hormonal receptors and HER2/neu status reportedly influence post-mastectomy adjuvant therapy and predict treatment outcome and prognosis. Here we evaluate hormonal receptors and HER-2 status in biopsies of women with breast cancer at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH). Methods A cross-sectional study of female breast post-modified radical mastectomy (MRM)/incisional biopsies confirmed to be carcinoma at the Histopathology Unit (January–December 2013). Tissue blocks having poor morphology, without tumor, secondary tumors, cases outside the study period and male patients were excluded. Routine staining was done followed by immunohistochemistry for estrogen (ER), and progesterone (PgR) receptors and HER2. Data analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). Results A total of 218 cases were confirmed to be carcinoma including 70 meeting inclusion criteria. Age at diagnosis ranged 18–75 years and mean age was 48.36 years. Majority (64.3%) were in the 36–55 years age-group. Histologically, most (88.6%) women had invasive ductal carcinoma including 43.1% of intermediate grade. A great majority (78%) were stage three. Due to logistical constrains, 75.7% (n = 53/70) cases where immunostained for hormones including 43.4% (ER+), 26.4% (PgR+), and 28% (ER+/PgR+). Furthermore, 65.7% (n = 46/70) cases were immunostained for HER-2 and 15.2% (n = 7/46) were positive, 45.6% were triple negative (ER-,PgR-,HER2-), 23.9% (ER+,PgR+,HER2-) or luminal B, 2.2% (ER+,PgR-,HER2+),13% (ER-,PgR-,HER2+) and 15% (ER+,PgR-,HER2-) with none being triple positive. Conclusions Hormonal receptors and HER2 expression at MNH appears to be comparable to previous Africans/African Americans reports but not with studies among Caucasians and the current proportion of triple negative breast carcinomas (TNBC) is higher than in a previous Tanzanian report and majority are luminal. HER2 over-expression is relatively common. It is strongly recommended that receptor status assessment be made routine for breast cancer patients at MNH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amos Rodger Mwakigonja
- Department of Pathology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Nyanda Elias Lushina
- Department of Surgery, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Ally Mwanga
- Department of Surgery, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Wang J, Hirose H, Du G, Chong K, Kiyohara E, Witz IP, Hoon DSB. P-REX1 amplification promotes progression of cutaneous melanoma via the PAK1/P38/MMP-2 pathway. Cancer Lett 2017; 407:66-75. [PMID: 28803992 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
P-REX1 (PIP3-dependent Rac exchange factor-1) is a guanine nucleotide exchange factor that activates Rac by catalyzing exchange of GDP for GTP bound to Rac. Aberrant up-regulation of P-REX1 expression has a role in metastasis however, copy number (CN) and function of P-REX1 in cutaneous melanoma are unclear. To explore the role of P-REX1 in melanoma, SNP 6.0 and Exon 1.0 ST microarrays were assessed. There was a higher CN (2.82-fold change) of P-REX1 in melanoma cells than in melanocytes, and P-REX1 expression was significantly correlated with P-REX1 CN. When P-REX1 was knocked down in cells by P-REX1 shRNA, proliferation, colony formation, 3D matrigel growth, and migration/invasiveness were inhibited. Loss of P-REX1 inhibited cell proliferation by inhibiting cyclin D1, blocking cell cycle, and increased cell apoptosis by reducing expression of the protein survivin. Knockdown of P-REX1 expression inhibited cell migration/invasiveness by disrupting P-REX1/RAC1/PAK1/p38/MMP-2 pathway. Assessment of patient tumors and disease outcome demonstrated lower distant metastasis-free survival among AJCC stage I/II/III patients with high P-REX1 expression compared to patients with low P-REX1 expression. These results suggest P-REX1 plays an important role in tumor progression and a potential theranostic target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research, Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Hajime Hirose
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute (JWCI) at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Guanhua Du
- The State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target Research, Drug Screen, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Kelly Chong
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute (JWCI) at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Eiji Kiyohara
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute (JWCI) at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA
| | - Isaac P Witz
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, George S Wise, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Dave S B Hoon
- Department of Translational Medicine, Division Molecular Oncology, John Wayne Cancer Institute (JWCI) at Providence Saint John's Health Center, Santa Monica, CA 90404, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Dixit R, Raza M, Kumar M, Basu S, Shukla VK. Expression Analysis of Survivin and XIAP in Gallbladder Cancer: a Case-control Study in Indo-Gangetic Plain. J Gastrointest Cancer 2017; 49:487-492. [DOI: 10.1007/s12029-017-0008-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
|
33
|
Nuclear Survivin as a Prognostic Factor in Squamous-Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity. Appl Immunohistochem Mol Morphol 2017; 25:566-570. [DOI: 10.1097/pai.0000000000000336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
34
|
Liu K, Liu Y, Zhao G. Targeting survivin suppresses proliferation and invasion of retinoblastoma cells in vitro and in vivo. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL PATHOLOGY 2017; 10:9352-9361. [PMID: 31966807 PMCID: PMC6965960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family and has multifunctional properties that include aspects of proliferation, invasion and cell survival control. Survivin is a promising candidate for targeted cancer therapy as its expression is associated with poor clinical outcome and more aggressive clinicopathologic features. Retinoblastoma (RB) is a highly invasive malignant tumor that often invades the brain and metastasizes to distal organs through the blood stream. However, expression of survivin in RB has not been previously characterized. In addition, whether survivin could be used for targeted RB therapy is not clear. In the present study, we demonstrated that RB tumors with invasion showed significantly higher expression of survivin compared to tumors without invasion (P < 0.05). High-risk tumors showed significantly increased expression of survivin compared to tumors with low risk (P < 0.05). Survivin inhibition by targeted siRNA suppresses the proliferation, growth, invasion, imgration and induced apoptosis of retinoblastoma Y79 cells in vitro. In addition, Survivin inhibition by targeted shRNA suppresses in vivo orthotopic tumors and liver metastasis in BALB/c nude mice. In line with these results, surviving siRNA (shRNA) effectively induces down-regulation of target genes of surviving by western blot, RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry analysis. In conclusion, high survivin expression is associated with invasion and metastasis in RB. We suggest that survivin inhibition could be a potential therapeutic approach in retinoblastoma through suppressing tumor proliferation and invasion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kuixiang Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao UniversityQingdao, China
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Eighth People’s Hospital of QingdaoQingdao, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao UniversityQingdao, China
| | - Guiqiu Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Qingdao UniversityQingdao, China
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Liu S, Shi L, Yang X, Ye D, Wang T, Dong C, Guo W, Liao Y, Song H, Xu D, Hu J, Zhang Z, Deng J. Nuclear survivin promoted by acetylation is associated with the aggressive phenotype of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Cycle 2017; 16:894-902. [PMID: 28384094 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2017.1310352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Defects in apoptotic pathway contribute to development and progression of oral cancer. Survivin, a member of the inhibitors of apoptosis protein (IAP) family, is increased in many types of cancers. However, it is unclear whether increased survivin is associated with oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC), and what mechanisms may involve in. In this study, we examined survivin expression in OSCC compared with normal oral tissues via immunohistochemical staining. The results showed that, not only total survivin is increased in OSCCs, but also the subcellular location of survivin is changed in OSCCs compared with normal oral tissues. In most of normal oral tissues, survivin staining was either negative, or cytoplasmic positive/nuclear negative; whereas in most of OSCC tissues, survivin staining was nuclear positive. Statistic analysis indicates that nuclear survivin, rather than total or cytoplasmic one, correlates with tumor TNM stage and differentiation grade. Consistently, in vitro analysis showed that survivin is in cytoplasm in normal human oral kinotinocyte (HOK) cells; whereas it is in nucleus in OSCC HN6 cells. Importantly, treatment of HOK cells with HDAC inhibitor Trichostatin A (TSA) induces survivin acetylation and promotes its nuclear localization. Moreover, nuclear survivin in OSCC cells was acetylated at K129 in its C-terminal, suggesting that the acetylation is important for nuclear location of survivin. Our study demonstrates that it is nuclear survivin, rather than total or cytoplasmic one, associates with TNM stage and tumor grade of OSCC. Thus, we propose nuclear survivin as a prognostic marker for the progression of OSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Liu
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Lei Shi
- c Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Gansu Provincial Hospital , Gansu , China
| | - Xi Yang
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Dongxia Ye
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Tong Wang
- d Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Cunshan Dong
- e Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery , Double Mineral Hospital , Shuangyashan , Heilongjiang , China
| | - Wenzheng Guo
- d Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Yueling Liao
- d Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Hongyong Song
- d Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Dongliang Xu
- d Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China
| | - Jingzhou Hu
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Zhiyuan Zhang
- a Department of Oral and Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology , Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,b Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology , Shanghai , China
| | - Jiong Deng
- d Key Laboratory of Cell Differentiation and Apoptosis of Chinese Minister of Education , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,f Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation , Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine , Shanghai , China.,g Translation Medicine Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital , Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Hamy AS, Bieche I, Lehmann-Che J, Scott V, Bertheau P, Guinebretière JM, Matthieu MC, Sigal-Zafrani B, Tembo O, Marty M, Asselain B, Spyratos F, de Cremoux P. BIRC5 (survivin): a pejorative prognostic marker in stage II/III breast cancer with no response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 159:499-511. [PMID: 27592112 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3961-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Neoadjuvant systemic therapy (NAC) is currently used in the treatment of stage II/III breast cancer. Pathological complete response as a surrogate endpoint for clinical outcomes is not completely validated for all subgroups of breast cancers. Therefore, there is a need for reliable predictive tests of the most effective treatment. METHODS We used a combination of predictive clinical, pathological, and gene expression-based markers of response to NAC in a prospective phase II multicentre randomized clinical trial in breast cancer patients, with a long follow-up (8 years). This study concerned the subpopulation of 188 patients with similar levels of pathological response rates to sequential epirubicin/cyclophosphamide and docetaxel to determine predictive marker of pCR and DFS. We used a set of 45 genes selected from high throughput analysis and a standardized RT-qPCR. We analyzed the predictive markers of pathological complete response (pCR) and DFS in the overall population and DFS the subpopulation of 159 patients with no pCR. RESULTS In the overall population, combining both clinical and genomic variables, large tumor size, low TFF1, and MYBL2 overexpression were significantly associated with pCR. T4 Stage, lymphovascular invasion, negative PR status, histological type, and high values of CCNB1 were associated with DFS. In the no pCR population, only lymphovascular invasion and high values of BIRC5 were associated with DFS. CONCLUSIONS We confirm the importance of ER-related and proliferation genes in the prediction of pCR in NAC-treated breast cancer patients. Furthermore, we identified BIRC5 (survivin) as a main pejorative prognostic factor in patients with breast cancers with no pCR. These results also open perspective for predictive markers of new targeted therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Hamy
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - I Bieche
- Pharmacogenomics Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - J Lehmann-Che
- APHP Molecular Oncology Unit, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris Diderot University, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France
| | - V Scott
- Biology Department, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Ph Bertheau
- APHP Pathology Department, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris Diderot University, Paris, France
| | - J M Guinebretière
- Pathology Department, Hôpital René-Huguenin, Institut Curie, Saint-Cloud, France
| | - M C Matthieu
- Pathology Department, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - O Tembo
- APHP, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - M Marty
- APHP, Centre for Therapeutic Innovation, Saint-Louis Hospital, Paris, France
| | - B Asselain
- Department of Biostatistics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - F Spyratos
- Pharmacogenomics Unit, Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - P de Cremoux
- APHP Molecular Oncology Unit, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris Diderot University, 1 Avenue Claude Vellefaux, 75010, Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Danforth DN. Genomic Changes in Normal Breast Tissue in Women at Normal Risk or at High Risk for Breast Cancer. BREAST CANCER-BASIC AND CLINICAL RESEARCH 2016; 10:109-46. [PMID: 27559297 PMCID: PMC4990153 DOI: 10.4137/bcbcr.s39384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/17/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sporadic breast cancer develops through the accumulation of molecular abnormalities in normal breast tissue, resulting from exposure to estrogens and other carcinogens beginning at adolescence and continuing throughout life. These molecular changes may take a variety of forms, including numerical and structural chromosomal abnormalities, epigenetic changes, and gene expression alterations. To characterize these abnormalities, a review of the literature has been conducted to define the molecular changes in each of the above major genomic categories in normal breast tissue considered to be either at normal risk or at high risk for sporadic breast cancer. This review indicates that normal risk breast tissues (such as reduction mammoplasty) contain evidence of early breast carcinogenesis including loss of heterozygosity, DNA methylation of tumor suppressor and other genes, and telomere shortening. In normal tissues at high risk for breast cancer (such as normal breast tissue adjacent to breast cancer or the contralateral breast), these changes persist, and are increased and accompanied by aneuploidy, increased genomic instability, a wide range of gene expression differences, development of large cancerized fields, and increased proliferation. These changes are consistent with early and long-standing exposure to carcinogens, especially estrogens. A model for the breast carcinogenic pathway in normal risk and high-risk breast tissues is proposed. These findings should clarify our understanding of breast carcinogenesis in normal breast tissue and promote development of improved methods for risk assessment and breast cancer prevention in women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David N Danforth
- Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Mwakigonja AR, Rabiel H, Mbembati NA, Lema LEK. The pattern of prognostic and risk indicators among women with breast cancer undergoing modified radical mastectomy in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Infect Agent Cancer 2016; 11:28. [PMID: 27366204 PMCID: PMC4928319 DOI: 10.1186/s13027-016-0075-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Breast cancer is the commonest female malignancy globally and the second (after uterine cervix) in sub-Saharan Africa including Tanzania. Prognostic indicators reportedly influence post-mastectomy adjuvant therapy by predicting risks on survival and recurrence although in Tanzania this data is lacking. Here, we evaluate the pattern of prognostic and risk indicators among women with breast cancer undergoing modified-radical-mastectomy (MRM) at Muhimbili National Hospital (MNH) and Tumaini Hospital (TH), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Methods This hospital-based prospective cross-sectional study included female patients undergoing MRM from April 2011 to January 2012. Clinical stage I-III patients were enrolled after being scheduled for mastectomy. Patients with evidence of distant metastasis (stage IV) were excluded. Mastectomy and axillary lymph nodes biopsies were submitted to the Histopathology laboratory for grade, type, nodal and margins status. Data was collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS. Results A total of 348 patients were admitted with breast cancer including 86 patients (with 16 from TH having similar demography and presentation) meeting inclusion criteria. Age-range at diagnosis was 28–79 years, mean 52.1 years. Most (89 %) attained menarche after 11 years. About 56 % were postmenopausal. The majority (78 %) were multiparous with positive family history in 14.1 and 37.6 % used hormonal contraceptives. About 27.1 % were social alcohol drinkers. The majority (61 %) had T4b disease, 75.6 % had positive axillary nodes including 42.7 % with 4–9 involved nodes (N2). The commonest (91.9 %) histological type was invasive ductal carcinoma. Lobular, medullary and mucinous carcinomas were rare. Most (83.7 %) of our patients presented with stage III and the rest stage II. Intermediate- and high-grade tumors accounted for 73.5 %. Following MRM, 25 % of our patients had positive surgical margins and similarly for the base. Conclusions Most of our breast cancer patients present with frequent risks including younger age, multiparity, hormonal contraceptives use, alcohol use and family history. Unfavourable prognostic indicators including late stages, large primary tumor size, skin infiltration, positive surgical margins, positive axillary lymph nodes and a high histological grade were associated. A sustainable screening program by self-examination to allow early diagnosis is needed to reduce morbidity and mortality from this cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amos R Mwakigonja
- Department of Pathology, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Happiness Rabiel
- Department of Surgery, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Naboth A Mbembati
- Department of Surgery, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Leonard E K Lema
- Department of Surgery, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS), Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Ferrario A, Luna M, Rucker N, Wong S, Lederman A, Kim J, Gomer C. Targeting Survivin Enhances Chemosensitivity in Retinoblastoma Cells and Orthotopic Tumors. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0153011. [PMID: 27050416 PMCID: PMC4822873 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0153011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Treatments for retinoblastoma (Rb) vary depending on the size and location of the intraocular lesions and include chemotherapy and radiation therapy. We examined whether agents used to treat Rb induce a pro-survival phenotype associated with increased expression of survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis family of proteins. We document that exposure to carboplatin, topotecan or radiation resulted in elevated expression of survivin in two human Rb cell lines but not in normal retinal pigmented epithelial (RPE) cells. Cellular levels of survivin were attenuated in Rb cells exposed to an imidazolium-based survivin suppressant, Sepantronium bromide (YM155). Protein expression patterns of survivin in RPE cells were not altered following treatment protocols involving exposure to YM155. Including YM155 with chemotherapy or radiation increased levels of apoptosis in Rb cells but not in RPE cells. Intraocular luciferase expressing Rb tumors were generated from the Rb cell lines and used to evaluate the effects of carboplatin and YM155 on in-vivo survivin expression and tumor growth. Carboplatin induced expression of survivin while carboplatin combined with YM155 reduced survivin expression in tumor bearing eyes. The combination protocol was also most effective in reducing the rate of tumor regrowth. These results indicate that targeted inhibition of the anti-apoptotic protein survivin provides a therapeutic advantage for Rb cells and tumors treated with chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angela Ferrario
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America
| | - Marian Luna
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America
| | - Natalie Rucker
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America
| | - Sam Wong
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America
| | - Ariel Lederman
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America
| | - Jonathan Kim
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America.,Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America
| | - Charles Gomer
- The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America.,Departments of Pediatrics and Radiation Oncology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, 90027, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
BRCA1 positively regulates FOXO3 expression by restricting FOXO3 gene methylation and epigenetic silencing through targeting EZH2 in breast cancer. Oncogenesis 2016; 5:e214. [PMID: 27043660 PMCID: PMC4848836 DOI: 10.1038/oncsis.2016.23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BRCA1 mutation or depletion correlates with basal-like phenotype and poor prognosis in breast cancer but the underlying reason remains elusive. RNA and protein analysis of a panel of breast cancer cell lines revealed that BRCA1 deficiency is associated with downregulation of the expression of the pleiotropic tumour suppressor FOXO3. Knockdown of BRCA1 by small interfering RNA (siRNA) resulted in downregulation of FOXO3 expression in the BRCA1-competent MCF-7, whereas expression of BRCA1 restored FOXO3 expression in BRCA1-defective HCC70 and MDA-MB-468 cells, suggesting a role of BRCA1 in the control of FOXO3 expression. Treatment of HCC70 and MDA-MB-468 cells with either the DNA methylation inhibitor 5-aza-2'-deoxycitydine, the N-methyltransferase enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (EZH2) inhibitor GSK126 or EZH2 siRNA induced FOXO3 mRNA and protein expression, but had no effect on the BRCA1-competent MCF-7 cells. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis demonstrated that BRCA1, EZH2, DNMT1/3a/b and histone H3 lysine 27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) are recruited to the endogenous FOXO3 promoter, further advocating that these proteins interact to modulate FOXO3 methylation and expression. In addition, ChIP results also revealed that BRCA1 depletion promoted the recruitment of the DNA methyltransferases DNMT1/3a/3b and the enrichment of the EZH2-mediated transcriptional repressive epigenetic marks H3K27me3 on the FOXO3 promoter. Methylated DNA immunoprecipitation assays also confirmed increased CpG methylation of the FOXO3 gene on BRCA1 depletion. Analysis of the global gene methylation profiles of a cohort of 33 familial breast tumours revealed that FOXO3 promoter methylation is significantly associated with BRCA1 mutation. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry further suggested that FOXO3 expression was significantly associated with BRCA1 status in EZH2-positive breast cancer. Consistently, high FOXO3 and EZH2 mRNA levels were significantly associated with good and poor prognosis in breast cancer, respectively. Together, these data suggest that BRCA1 can prevent and reverse FOXO3 suppression via inhibiting EZH2 and, consequently, its ability to recruit the transcriptional repressive H3K27me3 histone marks and the DNA methylases DNMT1/3a/3b, to induce DNA methylation and gene silencing on the FOXO3 promoter.
Collapse
|
41
|
Jenkins R, Bandera YP, Daniele MA, Ledford LL, Tietje A, Kelso AA, Sehorn MG, Wei Y, Chakrabarti M, Ray SK, Foulger SH. Sequestering survivin to functionalized nanoparticles: a strategy to enhance apoptosis in cancer cells. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:614-26. [PMID: 26845086 PMCID: PMC4803599 DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00580a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Survivin belongs to the family of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAP) and is present in most cancers while being below detection limits in most terminally differentiated adult tissues, making it an attractive protein to target for diagnostic and, potentially, therapeutic roles. Sub-100 nm poly(propargyl acrylate) (PA) particles were surface modified through the copper-catalyzed azide/alkyne cycloaddition of an azide-terminated survivin ligand derivative (azTM) originally proposed by Abbott Laboratories and speculated to bind directly to survivin (protein) at its dimer interface. Using affinity pull-down studies, it was determined that the PA/azTM nanoparticles selectively bind survivin and the particles can enhance apoptotic cell death in glioblastoma cell lines and other survivin over-expressing cell lines such as A549 and MCF7 relative to cells incubated with the original Abbott-derived small molecule inhibitor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ragini Jenkins
- Center for Optical Materials Science and Engineering Technologies, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Wemmert S, Lindner Y, Linxweiler J, Wagenpfeil S, Bohle R, Niewald M, Schick B. Initial evidence for Sec62 as a prognostic marker in advanced head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Oncol Lett 2016; 11:1661-1670. [PMID: 26998059 PMCID: PMC4774472 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.4135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a malignancy with an increasing incidence. To aid with the selection of the most appropriate therapy, biomarkers have become a specific research focus. Sec62 is involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress tolerance and cell migration, and has been identified as a novel prognostic marker for non-small cell lung cancer. In addition, Sec62 may be a promising candidate in HNSCC. Pretreatment biopsies of 35 patients with locally advanced HNSCC, who were treated with definitive chemoradiation therapy without prior surgery, were examined for the expression of Sec62 protein, as well as the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), p16 and survivin proteins. Immunohistological results were correlated with patient overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS) times. In the present patient cohort, 12/35 cases (34%) demonstrated strong and 8/35 cases (23%) moderate Sec62 staining intensity. Additionally, in 11/35 cases (31%), weak staining was observed, and only 4/35 cases (11%) were Sec62-negative. Notably, a high Sec62 protein level was associated with a significantly poorer OS and PFS (P=0.020 and P=0.028, respectively). Furthermore, higher nuclear survivin expression showed a weak trend for poorer OS rate (P=0.079), whilst neither cytoplasmic survivin, EGFR nor p16 influenced OS or PFS significantly. The present study indicated that Sec62 is a promising prognostic marker for HNSCC. Increased Sec62 protein expression may indicate a poorer prognosis in advanced HNSCC. As the present study was focused on patients treated by chemoradiation therapy, further studies with larger patient cohorts and alternative treatment approaches are required in order to define the prognostic value of Sec62 in HNSCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silke Wemmert
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University and Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Yasmin Lindner
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University and Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Johannes Linxweiler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Saarland University and Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Stefan Wagenpfeil
- Institute of Medical Biometrics, Epidemiology and Medical Informatics (IMBEI), Saarland University, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Rainer Bohle
- Institute of Pathology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Marcus Niewald
- Department of Radiotherapy and Radiooncology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| | - Bernhard Schick
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Saarland University and Clinic of Urology and Pediatric Urology, Saarland University Medical Center, Homburg D-66421, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Zhu J, Sun C, Wang L, Xu M, Zang Y, Zhou Y, Liu X, Tao W, Xue B, Shan Y, Yang D. Targeting survivin using a combination of miR‑494 and survivin shRNA has synergistic effects on the suppression of prostate cancer growth. Mol Med Rep 2015; 13:1602-10. [PMID: 26718651 PMCID: PMC4732832 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2015.4739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) remains an obstacle in the current treatment provided for prostate cancer (PCa). Survivin, an apoptosis inhibitor, has been found to be involved in the progression of PCa, and is a promising candidate target for CRPC therapy. Micro (mi)RNAs are involved in the progression of PCa through the regulation of multiple genes. One of the objectives of the present study was to investigate the effect of miRNA (miR)‑494 on the expression of survivin, as well as on PCa growth. The present study also aimed to assess whether co-transfecting miR‑494 with survivin short hairpin (sh)RNA has synergistic effects on suppressing PCa proliferation or the expression of survivin. Gene Expression Omnibus datasets with clinical PCa miRNA expression profiles were utilized to analysis the expression of miR‑494 in Ca, compared with normal prostate samples. PC3 cells, a CRPC cell line, were transfected with either an miR‑494 expression adenovirus, a survivin shRNA adenovirus or the two together, to examine their effect on PCa growth and the expression of survivin in vitro and in vivo. miR‑494 was downregulated in PCa tissue samples and in the PC‑3 cell line. miR‑494 targeted survivin at the translational level in PCa. Overexpression of miR‑494 and silencing survivin RNA through the use of survivin shRNA inhibited the expression of survivin and attenuated PC‑3 cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Notably, co‑transfecting miR‑494 with survivin shRNA had synergistic effects on suppressing prostate cancer proliferation via further suppression of the expression of survivin. These results suggested that using multiple methods to inhibit the function of survivin may have improved efficacy for treating PCa.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Chenwen Sun
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Liping Wang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Yachen Zang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Yibin Zhou
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Wei Tao
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Boxin Xue
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Yuxi Shan
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| | - Dongrong Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215004, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Serum Survivin Levels and Outcome of Chemotherapy in Patients with Malignant Mesothelioma. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:316739. [PMID: 26451067 PMCID: PMC4588029 DOI: 10.1155/2015/316739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survivin is an inhibitor of apoptosis protein involved in the regulation of cell proliferation that could be used as a marker for cancer diagnosis or prognosis. Our aim was to evaluate whether serum survivin levels influence the outcome of cisplatin-based chemotherapy in patients with malignant mesothelioma (MM). METHODS Serum survivin levels were determined using human survivin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 78 MM patients before chemotherapy, after chemotherapy, and at disease progression. The influence on tumor response and survival was evaluated using nonparametric tests and Cox regression. RESULTS A median serum survivin level at diagnosis was 4.1 (0-217.5) pg/mL. Patients with a progressive disease had significantly higher survivin levels before chemotherapy (p = 0.041). A median serum survivin level after chemotherapy was 73.1 (0-346.2) pg/mL. If survivin levels increased after chemotherapy, patients had, conversely, better response (p = 0.001, OR = 5.40, 95% CI = 1.98-14.72). Unexpectedly, patients with increased survivin levels after chemotherapy also had longer progression-free (p < 0.001, HR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.20-0.57) and overall survival (p = 0.001, HR = 0.29, 95% CI = 0.14-0.58). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that serum survivin levels before and during chemotherapy could serve as a biomarker predicting MM treatment response.
Collapse
|
45
|
Zhang M, Zhang X, Zhao S, Wang Y, Di W, Zhao G, Yang M, Zhang Q. Prognostic value of survivin and EGFR protein expression in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients. Target Oncol 2015; 9:349-57. [PMID: 24233638 DOI: 10.1007/s11523-013-0300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Accepted: 10/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particular type of breast cancer which is characterized by its biological aggressiveness, worse prognosis, and lack of prognostic markers or therapeutic targets in contrast with hormonal receptor-positive and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2+) breast cancers. We aimed to evaluate survivin and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) expression and their prognostic value and determine their relationships with the clinicopathological parameters of TNBC. A total of 136 patients who had undergone a resection of primary TNBC were enrolled at the Third Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University from March 2003 to September 2005. Expression of ER, PR, HER2, EGFR, and survivin was assessed by immunohistochemistry. The association of TNBC and other clinicopathological variables and the prognostic value of survivin and EGFR expression were evaluated. Survivin was expressed in 62 (45.6 %) cases and EGFR was expressed in 82 (60.3 %) cases. Survivin expression was associated with menopausal status (P = 0.011), tumor size (P = 0.037), and lymph node status (P = 0.001). EGFR expression was associated with menopausal status (P = 0.029), lymph node status (P = 0.004), P53 expression (P = 0.001), Ki-67 expression (P = 0.028), and lymphatic vascular invasion (P = 0.037). A multivariate analysis demonstrated that tumor size (hazard ratio (HR) 1.587, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 1.081–2.330, P = 0.018 for disease-free survival (DFS); HR 1.606, 95%CI 1.096–2.354, P = 0.015 for overall survival (OS)), lymph node status (HR 2.873, 95%CI 1.544–5.344, P = 0.001 for DFS; HR 2.915, 95%CI 1.553–5.471, P = 0.001 for OS), tumor grade (HR 1.914, 95%CI 1.218–3.007, P = 0.005 for DFS; HR 1.983, 95%CI 1.228–3.203, P = 0.005 for OS), EGFR (HR 3.008, 95%CI 1.331–6.792, P = 0.008 for DFS; HR 3.151, 95%CI 1.374–7.226, P = 0.007 for OS), and survivin (HR 1.573, 95%CI 1.087–2.277, P = 0.016 for DFS; HR 1.607, 95%CI 1.088–2.374, P = 0.017 for OS) were of prognostic significance for disease-free and overall survival. We draw a conclusion from the present study that survivin and EGFR expression are useful prognostic markers of TNBC and might be useful for molecular targeting therapy of TNBC treatment.
Collapse
|
46
|
Zhang Y, Wang J, Sui X, Li Y, Lu K, Fang X, Jiang Y, Wang X. Prognostic and Clinicopathological Value of Survivin in Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma: A Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1432. [PMID: 26356696 PMCID: PMC4616623 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Up to date, survivin, a well-known inhibitor of apoptosis, has attracted considerable attention as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Nevertheless, there still remains no consensus on heterogeneous results. Herein, a meta-analysis was performed to clarify a convincing significance of survivin status on prognosis and clinicopathology of DLBCL patients.Eligible studies were identified by searching Medline, Embase, Scopus, CNKI, and Wanfang databases (last updated on November 30, 2014). Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Heterogeneity and sensitivity were also analyzed. Moreover, Begg, Egger test, and funnel plots were applied to evaluate the publication bias.We finally included 17 eligible studies with the total number of 1352 patients in the meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that positive survivin expression in DLBCL was associated with inferior overall survival (OS) (HR: 1.880, 95% CI: 1.550-2.270) in patients. Moreover, a significant association was revealed between survivin expression and advanced clinical stage (III + IV) (OR: 0.611, 95% CI: 0.452-0.827), higher International Prognosis Index (IPI) score (Score 3-5) (OR: 0.559; 95% CI: 0.410-0.761), elevated serum lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) (OR: 0.607, 95% CI: 0.444-0.831), presence of bone marrow involvement (OR: 2.127, 95% CI: 1.154-3.921) together with reduced complete remission (CR) rate (OR: 0.478, 95% CI: 0.345-0.662).The results suggest that survivin could be a useful prognostic biomarker, and a promising target for DLBCL therapeutic intervention. Considering limited HR data adjusted for standard prognostic variables could be retrieved, future high-quality studies will be needed in evaluating the independent prognostic value of survivin expression in DLBCL.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya Zhang
- From the Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University (YZ, JW, XS, YL, KL, XF, YJ, XW); and Institute of Diagnostics, Shandong University School of Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, P.R. China (XW)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
47
|
Debeb BG, Smith DL, Li L, Larson R, Xu W, Woodward WA. Differential effect of phosphorylation-defective survivin on radiation response in estrogen receptor-positive and -negative breast cancer. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0120719. [PMID: 25763854 PMCID: PMC4357387 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0120719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Survivin is a key member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, and is considered a promising therapeutic target due to its universal overexpression in cancers. Survivin is implicated in cellular radiation response through its role in apoptosis, cell division, and DNA damage response. In the present study, analysis of publically available data sets showed that survivin gene expression increased with breast cancer stage (p < 0.00001) and was significantly higher in estrogen receptor-negative cancers as compared to estrogen receptor-positive cancers (p = 9e-46). However, survivin was prognostic in estrogen receptor-positive tumors (p = 0.03) but not in estrogen receptor-negative tumors (p = 0.28). We assessed the effect of a survivin dominant-negative mutant on colony-formation (2D) and mammosphere-formation (3D) efficiency, and radiation response in the estrogen receptor-positive MCF7 and estrogen receptor-negative SUM149 breast cancer cell lines. The colony-formation efficiency was significantly lower in the dominant-negative survivin-transduced cells versus control MCF7 cells (0.42 vs. 0.58, p < 0.01), but it was significantly higher in dominant-negative population versus control-transduced SUM149 cells (0.29 vs. 0.20, p < 0.01). A similar, non-significant, trend in mammosphere-formation efficiency was observed. We compared the radiosensitivity of cells stably expressing dominant-negative survivin with their controls in both cell lines under 2D and 3D culture conditions following exposure to increasing doses of radiation. We found that the dominant-negative populations were radioprotective in MCF7 cells but radiosensitive in SUM149 cells compared to the control-transduced population; further, Taxol was synergistic with the survivin mutant in SUM149 but not MCF7. Our data suggests that survivin modulation influences radiation response differently in estrogen receptor-positive and estrogen receptor-negative breast cancer subtypes, warranting further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bisrat G. Debeb
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Daniel L. Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Li Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Richard Larson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
| | - Wendy A. Woodward
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abdin AA, Soliman NA, Saied EM. Effect of propranolol on IL-10, visfatin, Hsp70, iNOS, TLR2, and survivin in amelioration of tumor progression and survival in Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma-bearing mice. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 66:1114-21. [PMID: 25443743 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND β-Adrenergic signaling could contribute to initiation and progression of breast cancer. This research investigated some potential mechanisms of propranolol in amelioration of progression and survival in breast cancer. METHODS AND RESULTS Solid Ehrlich Carcinoma (SEC) xenograft model was induced in 30 mice divided into 3 groups; where group I served as untreated SEC group. In groups II and III, propranolol treatment i.p. in low (5mg/kg) and high dose (10mg/kg) caused significant increase in interleukin-10 (IL-10) and decrease in heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) activity with non significant change in visfatin in tumor tissues compared to untreated SEC. In untreated SEC, tumor volume (V) exhibited significant negative correlation with IL-10 levels and toll like receptor 2 (TLR2) expression with significant positive correlation with Hsp70 levels and iNOS activity. While propranolol in either doses caused reduction of tumor volume (V), and improved percentage tumor growth inhibition (% TGI) only its high dose exhibited significant impact on survival rate. Propranolol dose-dependent effect was evident for IL-10 and Hsp70, and even only the high dose significantly increased and decreased TLR2 and survivin, respectively. This comes in favor of recommending high dose of propranolol in cancer therapy. Nonetheless, use of low dose cannot be ignored when benefit to risk balance have to be considered. CONCLUSIONS Propranolol could provide palliative effects in progression and survival of breast cancer that are mainly mediated via direct immunomodulatory and apoptotic mechanisms and probably associated with indirect anti-angiogenic activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amany A Abdin
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
| | - Nema A Soliman
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Eman M Saied
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Kafr El-Sheikh University, Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
49
|
Lv S, Dai C, Liu Y, Shi R, Tang Z, Han M, Bian R, Sun B, Wang R. The impact of survivin on prognosis and clinicopathology of glioma patients: a systematic meta-analysis. Mol Neurobiol 2014; 51:1462-7. [PMID: 25063470 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-014-8823-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 07/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Up to now, survivin has been recommended as a prognostic and diagnostic indicator in glioma patients. However, there are still many controversies. Here, a meta-analysis was conducted to draw a more definitive conclusion on the correlation of survivin with overall survival (OS), age, gender, and WHO grade. Eligible studies were available through careful assessment, and then pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were estimated. Funnel plots were introduced to evaluate the publication bias. Additionally, heterogeneity and sensitivity were also evaluated. In the present meta-analysis, 15 eligible studies with a total of 1,089 patients were incorporated. Survivin expression in gliomas correlated with 2-year OS (n = 8; HR 0.17, 95% CI 0.11-0.26) and 5-year OS (n = 7; HR 0.12, 95% CI 0.07-0.22) in patients. In addition, a fixed-effect model revealed a significant association between survivin and age (male/+; OR 2.10, 95% CI 1.44-3.05) and survivin and WHO grade (I+II/+; OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.19-0.38). No heterogeneity was observed across all studies. According to Begg's and Egger's test and funnel plot, no publication bias was reported. Taken together, our meta-analysis suggests that survivin expression is associated with poor survival, older age, and higher WHO grade and could be suggested as a useful prognostic and diagnostic biomarker, or an effective therapy target.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shunzeng Lv
- Department of Neurosurgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Li Y, Ma X, Wu X, Liu X, Liu L. Prognostic significance of survivin in breast cancer: meta-analysis. Breast J 2014; 20:514-24. [PMID: 25041354 DOI: 10.1111/tbj.12303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Survivin, an inhibitor of apoptosis protein, is a potentially prognostic factor and therapeutic target in breast carcinoma, but no consensus exists based on heterogeneous data. The aim of this present study is to clarify the prognostic relevance of survivin in breast cancer patients. Relevant articles were screened in PubMed and EMBASE databases. Patients' clinical characteristics, overall survival (OS), disease/recurrence-free survival (DFS/RFS) and positive expressed survivin rates were extracted for further analysis. Statistics extracted from Kaplan-Meier survival curves were calculated indirectly with methods developed by Parmar, Williamson, and Tierney. Multivariate Cox hazard regression analysis data were used directly in Stata 11.0. Pooled hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated to evaluate the prognostic role of survivin in breast cancer. Online literature search identified 23 articles containing 3,259 breast cancer patients. Our meta-analysis of all included studies about survival outcomes showed positive correlation between poor prognosis and survivin expression. Pooled HRs (95% CIs) for OS and DFS/RFS were 1.37 (1.12-1.68) and 1.34 (1.02-1.76), respectively. Subgroup analyses considering methods used to detect survivin (immunohistochemistry or not) and localization of survivin (whole, nuclear or cytoplasm of the cell) were also conducted, and all the above analyses supported the stability of the prognostic role of survivin. In addition, our study revealed a significant association between survivin expression and lymph node metastasis (OR: 2.74; 95% CI: 1.27-5.93) or stage of breast cancer (OR: 2.01; 95% CI: 1.29-3.13). Positive expression of survivin demonstrated a significantly higher risk of recurrence and decreased OS rates in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanyan Li
- The Department of Medical Oncology, Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|