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Cheng HY, Wang W, Wang W, Yang MY, Zhou YY. Interkingdom Hormonal Regulations between Plants and Animals Provide New Insight into Food Safety. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4-26. [PMID: 38156955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Food safety has become an attractive topic among consumers. Raw material production for food is also a focus of social attention. As hormones are widely used in agriculture and human disease control, consumers' concerns about the safety of hormone agents have never disappeared. The present review focuses on the interkingdom regulations of exogenous animal hormones in plants and phytohormones in animals, including physiology and stress resistance. We summarize these interactions to give the public, researchers, and policymakers some guidance and suggestions. Accumulated evidence demonstrates comprehensive hormonal regulation across plants and animals. Animal hormones, interacting with phytohormones, help regulate plant development and enhance environmental resistance. Correspondingly, phytohormones may also cause damage to the reproductive and urinary systems of animals. Notably, the disease-resistant role of phytohormones is revealed against neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. These resistances derive from the control for abnormal cell cycle, energy balance, and activity of enzymes. Further exploration of these cross-kingdom mechanisms would surely be of greater benefit to human health and agriculture development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hang-Yuan Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Human Development Family Studies, Iowa State University, 2330 Palmer Building, Ames, Iowa 50010, United States
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Mu-Yu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu-Yi Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Environmental Resilience, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education & College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Xi Lu, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
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Pandiselvam R, Kaavya R, Martinez Monteagudo SI, Divya V, Jain S, Khanashyam AC, Kothakota A, Prasath VA, Ramesh SV, Sruthi NU, Kumar M, Manikantan MR, Kumar CA, Khaneghah AM, Cozzolino D. Contemporary Developments and Emerging Trends in the Application of Spectroscopy Techniques: A Particular Reference to Coconut ( Cocos nucifera L.). Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27103250. [PMID: 35630725 PMCID: PMC9147692 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The number of food frauds in coconut-based products is increasing due to higher consumer demands for these products. Rising health consciousness, public awareness and increased concerns about food safety and quality have made authorities and various other certifying agencies focus more on the authentication of coconut products. As the conventional techniques for determining the quality attributes of coconut are destructive and time-consuming, non-destructive testing methods which are accurate, rapid, and easy to perform with no detrimental sampling methods are currently gaining importance. Spectroscopic methods such as nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), infrared (IR)spectroscopy, mid-infrared (MIR)spectroscopy, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and Raman spectroscopy (RS) are gaining in importance for determining the oxidative stability of coconut oil, the adulteration of oils, and the detection of harmful additives, pathogens, and toxins in coconut products and are also employed in deducing the interactions in food constituents, and microbial contaminations. The objective of this review is to provide a comprehensive analysis on the various spectroscopic techniques along with different chemometric approaches for the successful authentication and quality determination of coconut products. The manuscript was prepared by analyzing and compiling the articles that were collected from various databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus and ScienceDirect. The spectroscopic techniques in combination with chemometrics were shown to be successful in the authentication of coconut products. RS and NMR spectroscopy techniques proved their utility and accuracy in assessing the changes in coconut oil’s chemical and viscosity profile. FTIR spectroscopy was successfully utilized to analyze the oxidation levels and determine the authenticity of coconut oils. An FT-NIR-based analysis of various coconut samples confirmed the acceptable levels of accuracy in prediction. These non-destructive methods of spectroscopy offer a broad spectrum of applications in food processing industries to detect adulterants. Moreover, the combined chemometrics and spectroscopy detection method is a versatile and accurate measurement for adulterant identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Pandiselvam
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, Kerala, India;
- Correspondence: or (R.P.); (R.K.); (M.R.M.); (A.M.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Rathnakumar Kaavya
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;
- Correspondence: or (R.P.); (R.K.); (M.R.M.); (A.M.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Sergio I. Martinez Monteagudo
- Dairy and Food Science Department, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD 57007, USA;
- Department of Family and Consumer Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
- Chemical & Materials Engineering Department, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003, USA
| | - V. Divya
- School of BioSciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Surangna Jain
- Department of Biotechnology, Mahidol University, Bangkok 12120, Thailand;
| | | | - Anjineyulu Kothakota
- Agro-Processing & Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (NIIST), Trivandrum 695019, Kerala, India;
| | - V. Arun Prasath
- Department of Food Process Engineering, NIT, Rourkela 769008, Odisha, India;
| | - S. V. Ramesh
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, Kerala, India;
| | - N. U. Sruthi
- Agricultural and Food Engineering Department, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India;
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Chemical and Biochemical Processing Division, ICAR-Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai 400019, Maharashtra, India;
| | - M. R. Manikantan
- Physiology, Biochemistry and Post-Harvest Technology Division, ICAR-Central Plantation Crops Research Institute, Kasaragod 671124, Kerala, India;
- Correspondence: or (R.P.); (R.K.); (M.R.M.); (A.M.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Chinnaraja Ashok Kumar
- Department of Food Safety and Quality Assurance, College of Food and Dairy Technology, Chennai 600051, Tamil Nadu, India;
| | - Amin Mousavi Khaneghah
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-875, SP, Brazil
- Department of Fruit and Vegetable Product Technology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology, 02-532 Warsaw, Poland
- Correspondence: or (R.P.); (R.K.); (M.R.M.); (A.M.K.); (D.C.)
| | - Daniel Cozzolino
- Centre for Nutrition and Food Sciences, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia
- Correspondence: or (R.P.); (R.K.); (M.R.M.); (A.M.K.); (D.C.)
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Adamantane-Substituted Purines and Their β-Cyclodextrin Complexes: Synthesis and Biological Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312675. [PMID: 34884480 PMCID: PMC8657435 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) play an important role in the cell-division cycle. Synthetic inhibitors of CDKs are based on 2,6,9-trisubstituted purines and are developed as potential anticancer drugs; however, they have low solubility in water. In this study, we proved that the pharmaco-chemical properties of purine-based inhibitors can be improved by appropriate substitution with the adamantane moiety. We prepared ten new purine derivatives with adamantane skeletons that were linked at position 6 using phenylene spacers of variable geometry and polarity. We demonstrated that the adamantane skeleton does not compromise the biological activity, and some of the new purines displayed even higher inhibition activity towards CDK2/cyclin E than the parental compounds. These findings were supported by a docking study, which showed an adamantane scaffold inside the binding pocket participating in the complex stabilisation with non-polar interactions. In addition, we demonstrated that β-cyclodextrin (CD) increases the drug’s solubility in water, although this is at the cost of reducing the biochemical and cellular effect. Most likely, the drug concentration, which is necessary for target engagement, was decreased by competitive drug binding within the complex with β-CD.
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Eco-friendly sequential one-pot synthesis, molecular docking, and anticancer evaluation of arylidene-hydrazinyl-thiazole derivatives as CDK2 inhibitors. Bioorg Chem 2021; 108:104615. [PMID: 33484942 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
One current approach in the treatment of cancer is the inhibition of cyclin dependent kinase (CDK) enzymes with small molecules. CDK are a class of enzymes, which catalyze the transfer of the terminal phosphate of a molecule of ATP to a protein that acts as a substrate. Among CDK enzymes, CDK2 has been implicated in a variety of cancers, supporting its potential as a novel target for cancer therapy across many tumor types. Here the discovery and development of arylidene-hydrazinyl-thiazole as a potentially CDK2 inhibitors is described, including details of the design and successful synthesis of the series analogs (27a-r) using one-pot approach under eco-friendly ultrasound and microwave conditions. Most of the newly synthesized compounds showed good growth inhibition when assayed for their in-vitro anti-proliferative activity against three cancer cell lines (HepG2, MCF-7 and HCT-116) compared to the reference drug roscovitine, with little toxicity on the normal fibroblast cell lines (WI-38). Furthermore, the compounds exhibiting the highest anti-proliferative activities were tested against a panel of kinase enzymes. These derivatives displayed an outstanding CDK2 inhibitory potential with varying degree of inhibition in the range of IC50 0.35-1.49 μM when compared with the standard inhibitor roscovitine having an IC50 value 0.71 μM. The most promising CDK2 inhibitor (27f) was selected for further studies to determine its effect on the cell cycle progression and apoptosis in HepG2 cell line. The results indicated that this compound implied inhibition in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle, and it is a good apoptotic agent. Finally, Molecular docking study was performed to identify the structural elements which involved in the inhibitory activity with the prospective target, CDK2, and to rationalize the structure-activity relationship (SAR).
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Dulińska-Litewka J, Gąsiorkiewicz B, Litewka A, Gil D, Gołąbek T, Okoń K. Could the kinetin riboside be used to inhibit human prostate cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition? Med Oncol 2020; 37:17. [PMID: 32030542 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-020-1338-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a molecular process connected to higher expression of vimentin and increased activity of transcription factors (Snail, Twist) which restrains E-cadherin. EMT has been linked to prostate cancer metastatic potential, therapy resistance, and poor outcomes. Kinetin riboside (9-(b-dribofuranosyl)-6-furfurylaminopurine, KR) is a naturally occurring cytokinin, which induces apoptosis and shows strong antiproliferative activity against various human cancer cell lines. To establish the effect of KR on human prostate cell lines, expression of, e.g. AR, E-, N-cadherins, Vimentin, Snail, Twist, and MMPs, was analysed at mRNA and protein levels using Western Blot and RT-PCR and/or RQ-PCR techniques. KR inhibited the growth of human prostate cancer cells, but also, to a small extent, of normal cells. This effect depended on the type of the cells and their androgen sensitivity. KR also decreased the level of p-Akt, which takes part in androgen signalling modulation. The antiapoptotic Bcl-2 protein was down-regulated in cancer cell lines, while that of Bax is up-regulated upon KR exposure. KR contributed to re-expression of the E-cadherin as well as to significant changes in cell migration. Taken together, our results indicate for the first time that KR can be proposed as a factor for signalling pathways regulation that participates in the inhibition of development of aggressive forms of prostate cancer, and may alter the approach to therapeutic interventions. We propose KR as a potent inhibitor of EMT in human prostate cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Dulińska-Litewka
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Bartosz Gąsiorkiewicz
- Medical Biochemistry Students' Research Circle, Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Gil
- Chair of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Kopernika 7, 31-034, Kraków, Poland
| | - Tomasz Gołąbek
- Department of Urology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Okoń
- Chair of Pathomorphology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Zhang K, Zhao L, Yang X, Li M, Sun J, Wang K, Li Y, Zheng Y, Yao Y, Li W. GmRAV1 regulates regeneration of roots and adventitious buds by the cytokinin signaling pathway in Arabidopsis and soybean. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 165:814-829. [PMID: 29923201 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The division and differentiation of cells are the basis of growth and development. Cytokinin plays an active role in cell growth division and differentiation. The Related to ABI3/VP1 (RAV) family comprises transcription factors in plants and all contain both AP2- and B3-like domains. In this study, GmRAV1 (Glycine max), which belongs to the AP2/ERF transcription factor family, was isolated and functionally characterized. Subcellular localization showed that GmRAV1 was localized to the nucleus and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that GmRAV1 was induced by cytokinin. Furthermore, compared with wild-type plants, plants overexpressing GmRAV1 showed dwarfism and late maturity. In contrast, the mutant of TEMPRANILLO (tem1) and GmRAV-i plants had an opposite phenotype. More interestingly, a root and shoot regeneration experiment indicated that GmRAV1 is one of the most important positive regulators of the cytokinin signaling pathway, which is involved in promoting root and shoot regeneration. In addition, RNA-seq and qRT-PCR results indicated that GmRAV1 is related to the key factors involved in the cytokinin signaling pathway, namely, cytokinin oxidase (GmCKX6 and GmCKX7), purine permease (GmPUP1), cell cyclin-related genes (GmCycA2;4, GmCycD3 and GmCYC1), cyclin-dependent kinase (GmCDKB2), cell division cycle (GmCDC20), E2F transcription factors (GmE2FE) and authentic response regulator (GmARR9). In conclusion, GmRAV1, one of the most important positive regulators involved in promoting root and shoot regeneration, was induced by cytokinin and is related to the key factors of the cytokinin signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Lin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Minmin Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jingzhe Sun
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Kuo Wang
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yinghua Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yanhong Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yuheng Yao
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Wenbin Li
- Key Laboratory of Soybean Biology in the Chinese Education Ministry, Soybean Research Institute, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Daudu D, Kisiala A, Werner Ribeiro C, Mélin C, Perrot L, Clastre M, Courdavault V, Papon N, Oudin A, Courtois M, Dugé de Bernonville T, Gaucher M, Degrave A, Lanoue A, Lanotte P, Schouler C, Brisset MN, Emery RN, Pichon O, Carpin S, Giglioli-Guivarc’h N, Crèche J, Besseau S, Glévarec G. Setting-up a fast and reliable cytokinin biosensor based on a plant histidine kinase receptor expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. J Biotechnol 2019; 289:103-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2018.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2018] [Revised: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Cao ZY, Ma YN, Sun LH, Mou RX, Zhu ZW, Chen MX. Direct Determination of Six Cytokinin Nucleotide Monophosphates in Coconut Flesh by Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2017; 65:9909-9915. [PMID: 29058434 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Coconut contains many uncharacterized cytokinins that have important physiological effects in plants and humans. In this work, a method based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was developed for identification and quantification of six cytokinin nucleotide monophosphates in coconut flesh. Excellent separation was achieved using a low-coverage C18 bonded-phase column with an acidic mobile phase, which greatly improved the retention of target compounds. To enable high-throughput analysis, a single-step solid-phase extraction using mixed-mode anion-exchange cartridges was employed for sample preparation. This proved to be an effective method to minimize matrix effects and ensure high selectivity. The limits of detection varied from 0.06 to 0.3 ng/mL, and the limits of quantification ranged from 0.2 to 1.0 ng/mL. The linearity was statistically verified over 2 orders of magnitude, giving a coefficient of determination (R2) greater than 0.9981. The mean recoveries were from 81 to 108%; the intraday precision (n = 6) was less than 11%; and the interday precision (n = 11) was within 14%. The developed method was applied to the determination of cytokinin nucleotide monophosphates in coconut flesh samples, and four of them were successfully identified and quantified. The results showed that trans-zeatin riboside-5'-monophosphate was the dominant cytokinin, with a concentration of 2.7-34.2 ng/g, followed by N6-isopentenyladenosine-5'-monophosphate (≤12.9 ng/g), while the concentrations of cis-zeatin riboside-5'-monophosphate and dihydrozeatin riboside-5'-monophosphate were less than 2.2 and 4.9 ng/g, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Yun Cao
- Rice Product Quality Inspection and Supervision Center of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - You-Ning Ma
- Rice Product Quality Inspection and Supervision Center of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Hua Sun
- Institute of Health Food, Zhejiang Academy of Medical Sciences , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310013, People's Republic of China
| | - Ren-Xiang Mou
- Rice Product Quality Inspection and Supervision Center of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhu
- Rice Product Quality Inspection and Supervision Center of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xue Chen
- Rice Product Quality Inspection and Supervision Center of Ministry of Agriculture, China National Rice Research Institute , Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310006, People's Republic of China
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Aral H, Haşimi D, Aral T, Levent A, Ziyadanoğullari B. Separation, optimization, and quantification of cytokinins by a recently developed amide-embedded stationary phase. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2017.1333005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayriye Aral
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, University of Batman, Batman, Turkey
| | - Duygu Haşimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dicle, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Tarık Aral
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, University of Batman, Batman, Turkey
| | - Abdulkadir Levent
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, University of Batman, Batman, Turkey
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Aral H, Haşimi D, Aral T, Levent A, Ziyadanoğullari B. Separation, optimization, and quantification of cytokinins by a recently developed amide-embedded stationary phase. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2017; 40:549-555. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1080/10826076.2017.1333005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Hayriye Aral
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, University of Batman, Batman, Turkey
| | - Duygu Haşimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dicle, Diyarbakır, Turkey
| | - Tarık Aral
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, University of Batman, Batman, Turkey
| | - Abdulkadir Levent
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Art, University of Batman, Batman, Turkey
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Bailon-Moscoso N, Cevallos-Solorzano G, Romero-Benavides JC, Orellana MIR. Natural Compounds as Modulators of Cell Cycle Arrest: Application for Anticancer Chemotherapies. Curr Genomics 2017; 18:106-131. [PMID: 28367072 PMCID: PMC5345333 DOI: 10.2174/1389202917666160808125645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 11/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural compounds from various plants, microorganisms and marine species play an important role in the discovery novel components that can be successfully used in numerous biomedical applications, including anticancer therapeutics. Since uncontrolled and rapid cell division is a hallmark of cancer, unraveling the molecular mechanisms underlying mitosis is key to understanding how various natural compounds might function as inhibitors of cell cycle progression. A number of natural compounds that inhibit the cell cycle arrest have proven effective for killing cancer cells in vitro, in vivo and in clinical settings. Significant advances that have been recently made in the understanding of molecular mechanisms underlying the cell cycle regulation using the chemotherapeutic agents is of great importance for improving the efficacy of targeted therapeutics and overcoming resistance to anticancer drugs, especially of natural origin, which inhibit the activities of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases, as well as other proteins and enzymes involved in proper regulation of cell cycle leading to controlled cell proliferation.
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Voller J, Maková B, Kadlecová A, Gonzalez G, Strnad M. Plant Hormone Cytokinins for Modulating Human Aging and Age-Related Diseases. HEALTHY AGEING AND LONGEVITY 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-63001-4_14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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13
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Wróbel TM, Kiełbus M, Kaczor AA, Kryštof V, Karczmarzyk Z, Wysocki W, Fruziński A, Król SK, Grabarska A, Stepulak A, Matosiuk D. Discovery of nitroaryl urea derivatives with antiproliferative properties. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2015; 31:608-18. [PMID: 26114307 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2015.1057716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of urea derivatives bearing nitroaryl moiety has been synthesized and assayed for their potential antiproliferative activities. Some of the tested compounds displayed activity in RK33 laryngeal cancer cells and TE671 rhabdomyosarcoma cells while being generally less toxic to healthy HSF human fibroblasts cells. One compound was demonstrated to be a moderate CDK2 inhibitor with IC50 = 14.3 µM. Its structure was solved by an X-ray crystallography and molecular modelling was performed to determine structure-activity relationship. Obtained compounds constitute novel structures and generally demonstrated greater cytotoxicity in comparison to cisplatin. This study offers new structural motifs with potential for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz M Wróbel
- a Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances and
| | - Michał Kiełbus
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Agnieszka A Kaczor
- a Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances and.,c School of Pharmacy, University of Eastern Finland , Kuopio , Finland
| | - Vladimír Kryštof
- d Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR & Palacký University , Olomouc , Czech Republic
| | - Zbigniew Karczmarzyk
- e Department of Chemistry , Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities , Siedlce , Poland , and
| | - Waldemar Wysocki
- e Department of Chemistry , Siedlce University of Natural Sciences and Humanities , Siedlce , Poland , and
| | - Andrzej Fruziński
- f Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Technical University of Lodz , Lodz , Poland
| | - Sylwia K Król
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Aneta Grabarska
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Andrzej Stepulak
- b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Dariusz Matosiuk
- a Department of Synthesis and Chemical Technology of Pharmaceutical Substances and
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Synthesis and in vitro biological evaluation of 2,6,9-trisubstituted purines targeting multiple cyclin-dependent kinases. Eur J Med Chem 2013; 61:61-72. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2012.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2012] [Revised: 06/07/2012] [Accepted: 06/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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15
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Liu X, Bereźniak T, Panek JJ, Jezierska-Mazzarello A. Theoretical study of zeatin – A plant hormone and potential drug for neural diseases – On the basis of DFT, MP2 and target docking. Chem Phys Lett 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2012.12.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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16
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Ferro N, Bredow T, Jacobsen HJ, Reinard T. Route to Novel Auxin: Auxin Chemical Space toward Biological Correlation Carriers. Chem Rev 2010; 110:4690-708. [DOI: 10.1021/cr800229s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Noel Ferro
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Wegeler Strasse 12, Bonn, Germany 53115 and Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Bredow
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Wegeler Strasse 12, Bonn, Germany 53115 and Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Germany
| | - Hans-Jorg Jacobsen
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Wegeler Strasse 12, Bonn, Germany 53115 and Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Reinard
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, University of Bonn, Wegeler Strasse 12, Bonn, Germany 53115 and Institute for Plant Genetics, Leibniz University of Hannover, Germany
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17
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Sugatani J, Osabe M, Kurosawa M, Kitamura N, Ikari A, Miwa M. Induction of UGT1A1 and CYP2B6 by an antimitogenic factor in HepG2 cells is mediated through suppression of cyclin-dependent kinase 2 activity: cell cycle-dependent expression. Drug Metab Dispos 2010; 38:177-86. [PMID: 19797611 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.109.029785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), an antimitogenic factor for HepG2 cells, increased mRNA and protein levels of UGT1A1 and CYP2B6, as well as the endogenous cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitors p16, p21, and p27 in HepG2 cells but not in HuH6, Caco2, or MCF7 cells. Treatment with 1,4-diamino-2,3-dicyano-1,4-bis(methylthio)butadiene (U0126) (an extracellular signal-regulated kinase inhibitor) suppressed the HGF-induced expression of UGT1A1 and CYP2B6, as well as p16, p21, and p27 in HepG2 cells. The CDK inhibitor roscovitine also enhanced the expression of UGT1A1, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4. Transfection of anti-CDK2 siRNA led to elevated levels of UGT1A1, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4 in HepG2 and SW480 cells, whereas anti-CDK4 small interfering RNA (siRNA) did not significantly enhance the expression of these enzymes. In fact, CDK2 activity was decreased in HGF-treated HepG2 cells. In cells arrested in S phase by a thymidine block and then released into a synchronous cell cycle, there was a clear dissociation among the activation of CDK2 and the expression of UGT1A1, CYP2B6, and CYP3A4. Furthermore, the induction of CYP3A4 but not UGT1A1 or CYP2B6 mRNA expression by roscovitine was repressed in pregnane X receptor (PXR) siRNA-transfected HepG2 cells. Transfection with constitutive androstane receptor siRNA or PXR siRNA in HepG2 cells did not repress the HGF-stimulated expression of UGT1A1 mRNA. Taken together, our results show that the expression of UGT1A1 and CYP2B6 is negatively regulated through a CDK2 signaling pathway linked to cell cycle progression in HepG2 and SW480 cells, the mechanism of which may differ from that of CYP3A4 expression through PXR phosphorylated by CDK2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junko Sugatani
- Department of Pharmaco-Biochemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan.
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Yong JWH, Ge L, Ng YF, Tan SN. The chemical composition and biological properties of coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water. Molecules 2009; 14:5144-64. [PMID: 20032881 PMCID: PMC6255029 DOI: 10.3390/molecules14125144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 202] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2009] [Revised: 12/03/2009] [Accepted: 12/08/2009] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Coconut water (coconut liquid endosperm), with its many applications, is one of the world's most versatile natural product. This refreshing beverage is consumed worldwide as it is nutritious and beneficial for health. There is increasing scientific evidence that supports the role of coconut water in health and medicinal applications. Coconut water is traditionally used as a growth supplement in plant tissue culture/micropropagation. The wide applications of coconut water can be justified by its unique chemical composition of sugars, vitamins, minerals, amino acids and phytohormones. This review attempts to summarise and evaluate the chemical composition and biological properties of coconut water.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Swee Ngin Tan
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, 637616 Singapore
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19
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Ravelo-Pérez LM, Asensio-Ramos M, Hernández-Borges J, Rodríguez-Delgado MA. Recent food safety and food quality applications of CE-MS. Electrophoresis 2009; 30:1624-46. [PMID: 19360778 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200800670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The first on-line coupling of CE with MS detection more than 20 years ago provided a very powerful technique with a wide variety of applications, among which food analysis is of special interest, especially that dealing with food safety and food quality applications, the major topics of public interest nowadays. With this review article, we would like to show the most recent applications of CE-MS in both fields by recompiling and commenting articles published between January 2004 and October 2008. Although both applications are difficult to separate from each other, we have included in this work two main sections dealing with each specific field. Future trends will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidia M Ravelo-Pérez
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Nutrición y Bromatología, Universidad de La Laguna, La Laguna, Tenerife, Islas Canarias, Spain
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Ge L, Tan SN, Yong JWH, Hua L, Ong ES. Separation of cytokinin isomers with a partial filling-micellar electrokinetic chromatography-mass spectrometry approach. Electrophoresis 2008; 29:2024-32. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.200700474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Guillard J, Decrop M, Gallay N, Espanel C, Boissier E, Herault O, Viaud-Massuard MC. Synthesis and biological evaluation of 7-azaindole derivatives, synthetic cytokinin analogues. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2007; 17:1934-7. [PMID: 17300934 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2007.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2006] [Revised: 01/09/2007] [Accepted: 01/10/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Cytokinins, N6-substituted adenine derivatives, are plant hormones playing important roles in various processes in plant development. Furthermore, cytokinins and their derivatives are able to control mammalian cell apoptosis and differentiation. The aim of our study was the synthesis of 7-azaindole derivatives as cytokinin analogues with the Hartwig-Buchwald coupling reaction in order to evaluate their biological properties on human myeloblastic leukaemia cells (HL-60 cell line). All these compounds presented a cytotoxic activity on HL-60 cells especially the 4-phenylaminopyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine and the 4-phenethylaminopyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jérome Guillard
- SPOT-EA3857, UFR des Sciences Pharmaceutiques, 31 Avenue Monge, 37200 Tours, France
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23
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Abstract
Analyses of cytokinins are very important in both plant physiological and biomedical research as they are implicated in many biological processes. Reliable, sensitive, selective and inexpensive methods that are flexible and designed for automation are required for these analyses. This review addresses the advances made in the separation and determination of cytokinins by CE as well as the other applications of CE (i.e., determination of dissociation constants and complexation constants of cytokinins). The various CE modes used to separate the compounds and the quantification strategies are examined. Special attention is also focused on those aspects that improve on the sensitivity and/or selectivity, such as sample extraction and preconcentration, on-line preconcentration techniques (stacking), and/or specific detectors (e.g., MS). With the coupling to the preconcentration techniques and certain detection systems, numerous CE methods can potentially be adapted for the analysis of cytokinins in complex biological samples. Therefore, we would anticipate wider applications of CE methods in the near future for cytokinin analyses, which should facilitate a decrease in analysis cost and should help to improve analysis efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Ge
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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24
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Ge L, Yong JWH, Tan SN, Yang XH, Ong ES. Analysis of cytokinin nucleotides in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water using capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry after solid-phase extraction. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1133:322-31. [PMID: 16965778 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2006] [Revised: 08/03/2006] [Accepted: 08/11/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
A method based on solid-phase extraction (SPE) and capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry (CZE-MS/MS) is described for the separation and determination of six cytokinin nucleotides in coconut water. The best CZE separation for the six cytokinin nucleotide standards was achieved using a 25 mM ammonium formate/formic acid buffer (pH 3.8) and 2% (v/v) methanol with an applied gradient separation voltage (25 kV for 32 min, and then a linear gradient to 30 kV in 5 min, finally 30 kV to the end of separation) in less than 60 min. MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) detection was carried out to obtain sufficient selectivity and sensitivity for the cytokinin nucleotides. The combined use of on-line sample stacking and CZE-MS/MS achieved limits of detection (LODs) in the range of 0.06-0.19 microM for the six cytokinin nucleotides at a signal-to-noise ratio of 3. Furthermore, a novel dual-step SPE procedure was developed for the pre-concentration and purification of cytokinin nucleotides using Oasis HLB and Oasis MAX cartridges. The recoveries of the cytokinin nucleotides after the dual-step SPE were in the range of 44-71%. The combination of off-line SPE, on-line sample stacking and CZE-MS/MS approach was successfully applied to screen for endogenous cytokinin nucleotides present in coconut water sample. trans-Zeatin riboside-5'-monophosphate (ZMP) was detected and quantified in coconut water by CZE-MS/MS after SPE and on-line sample stacking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Ge
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616, Singapore
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25
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Ge L, Yong JWH, Tan SN, Ong ES. Determination of cytokinins in coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) water using capillary zone electrophoresis-tandem mass spectrometry. Electrophoresis 2006; 27:2171-81. [PMID: 16736454 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The applicability of CZE in combination with MS and MS/MS methods for the simultaneous separation and determination of 12 cytokinins was investigated for the first time. Cytokinins were first completely separated by CZE within less than 20 min using a volatile buffer and then detected directly by MS or MS/MS. Satisfactory separation of the 12 cytokinin standards was achieved using a 25 mM ammonium formate/formic acid buffer (pH 3.4) and 3% ACN v/v with a separation voltage of 25 kV. On the basis of the resolution of the neighboring peaks, the various parameters for CZE-MS optimization, such as buffer pH value, concentration of buffer and organic modifier, applied voltage and sheath liquid, were evaluated systematically. MS/MS with multiple reaction monitoring detection was carried out to obtain sufficient selectivity and sensitivity. The combination of on-line sample stacking and CZE-MS/MS achieved a detection limit in the range of 0.05-0.18 microM for the 12 cytokinins at an S/N of 3. The optimized CZE-MS/MS method was simple, rapid, low cost, robust and highly selective. Furthermore, the developed method was successfully applied to screen for endogenous cytokinins in purified coconut water extract sample. Nine cytokinins were detected and quantified in coconut water after SPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Ge
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
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26
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Flescher E. Jasmonates in cancer therapy. Cancer Lett 2006; 245:1-10. [PMID: 16600475 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2006.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2006] [Revised: 03/01/2006] [Accepted: 03/01/2006] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Several groups have reported in recent years that members of the plant stress hormones family of jasmonates, and some of their synthetic derivatives, exhibit anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Jasmonates increased the life span of EL-4 lymphoma-bearing mice, and exhibited selective cytotoxicity towards cancer cells while sparing normal blood lymphocytes, even when the latter were part of a mixed population of leukemic and normal cells drawn from the blood of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) patients. Jasmonates join a growing number of old and new cancer chemotherapeutic compounds of plant origin. Three mechanisms of action have been proposed to explain the anti-cancer activity of jasmonates. These include: (1) The bio-energetic mechanism-jasmonates induce severe ATP depletion in cancer cells via mitochondrial perturbation; (2) The re-differentiation mechanism-jasmonates induce re-differentiation in human myeloid leukemia cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity; (3) The reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated mechanism-jasmonates induce apoptosis in lung carcinoma cells via the generation of hydrogen peroxide, and pro-apoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family. Several similarities between the effects of jasmonates on plant and cancer cells have been recorded, suggesting that additional analysis of jasmonate effects in plant cells may contribute to a deeper understanding of the anti-cancer actions of these compounds. Those similarities include: induction of cell death, suppression of proliferation and cell cycle arrest, MAPK induction, ROS generation, and enhancement of heat-shock proteins (HSP) expression. Finally, jasmonates can induce death in drug-resistant cells. The drug resistance was conferred by either p53 mutation or P-glycoprotein (P-gp) over-expression. In summary, the jasmonate family of novel anti-cancer agents presents new hope for the development of cancer therapeutics, which should attract further scientific and pharmaceutical interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliezer Flescher
- Department of Human Microbiology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, 69978, Tel Aviv Israel.
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27
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Laezza C, Notarnicola M, Caruso MG, Messa C, Macchia M, Bertini S, Minutolo F, Portella G, Fiorentino L, Stingo S, Bifulco M. N6‐isopentenyladenosine arrests tumor cell proliferation by inhibiting farnesyl diphosphate synthase and protein prenylation. FASEB J 2006; 20:412-8. [PMID: 16507758 DOI: 10.1096/fj.05-4044lsf] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The physiological effects of a variety of N6-substituted adenine and adenosine derivatives called cytokinins have been documented in plants, but information on their occurrence and function in other biological system is limited. Here we investigated the anti-proliferative effect of N6-isopentenyladenosine (i6A), an adenosine and isoprenoid derivative, in a thyroid cell system, FRTL-5 wild-type, and K-ras transformed KiMol cells. Addition of i6A to FRTL-5 cells caused a dose-dependent arrest of the G0-G1 cell phase transition associated with a reduction of cells in the S phase that was much more evident in KiMol cells. I6A arrested tumor cell proliferation by inhibiting farnesyl diphosphate synthase (FPPS) and protein prenylation. Indeed the addition of farnesol reversed these effects and i6A affected protein prenylation, in particular lamin B processing. I6A effect was not mediated by the adenosine receptor but was due to a direct modulation of FPPS enzyme activity as a result of its uptake inside the cells. I6A inhibited FPPS activity more efficaciously in KiMol cells than in normal FRTL-5. Moreover, the i6A anti-proliferative effect was evaluated in vivo in a nude mouse xenograft model, where KiMol cells were implanted subcutaneously. Mice treated with i6A showed a drastic reduction in tumor volume. Our findings indicate that this isoprenoid end product might be used for antineoplastic therapy, an application emulating that of the lovastatin and/or farnesyl-transferase inhibitors
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Laezza
- Istituto di Endocrinologia e Oncologia Sperimentale. I.E.O.S., CNR, Bari, Italy.
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Hauserová E, Swaczynová J, Dolezal K, Lenobel R, Popa I, Hajdúch M, Vydra D, Fuksová K, Strnad M. Batch immunoextraction method for efficient purification of aromatic cytokinins. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1100:116-25. [PMID: 16191431 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2005] [Revised: 09/08/2005] [Accepted: 09/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A range of benzylaminopurines naturally occur in plants and exhibit high biological activity. Others have been synthesized, such as 6-(2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzylamino)purine riboside (2OH3MeOBAPR), which has shown interesting anti-cancer activity under in vitro conditions. In order to study the biological activity of this interesting compound in more detail, a rapid and highly efficient method for its purification from complex samples (e.g. blood and plant extracts) is needed. Therefore, we prepared monoclonal antibodies against 2OH3MeOBAPR. The antibody had undetectable cross-reactivity with all natural isoprenoid cytokinins, but relatively high cross-reactivity with aromatic cytokinins as well as some synthetic di- and tri-substituted 6-benzylaminopurines and the corresponding ribosides. The antibody also showed strong responses and specificity in enzyme-linked immunoassays (ELISAs). In addition, it was used to prepare, for the first time, an immunoaffinity sorbent with high specificity and capacity for aromatic cytokinins. A batch immunoextraction method was then developed and optimized for the purification of 2OH3MeOBAPR from murine blood samples. The high efficacy and simplicity of this method (in off-line combination with HPLC-MS) for the isolation of target analytes from biological material is demonstrated in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Hauserová
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany ASCR, Olomouc, Czech Republic
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29
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Havlicek L, Fuksova K, Krystof V, Orsag M, Vojtesek B, Strnad M. 8-Azapurines as new inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases. Bioorg Med Chem 2005; 13:5399-407. [PMID: 15993080 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2005.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2005] [Revised: 05/31/2005] [Accepted: 06/03/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Purine inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) seem to be a potential anticancer drug candidate as one of the first representatives, roscovitine, is passing Phase II clinical trials for cancer and glomerulonephritis. In this article, we describe a novel modification of the purine scaffold influencing CDK2 inhibitory activities as well as anticancer properties in cell lines of different histopathological origin. The introduced N at position 8 of the purine ring generally lowered CDK2 inhibitory activity of new 8-azapurines (1,2,3-triazolo[4,5-d]pyrimidines) in comparison to the model trisubstituted purines, whereas the antiproliferative potential of some derivatives remained very high, reflecting their ability to activate p53 tumor suppressor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libor Havlicek
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Ge L, Yong JWH, Tan SN, Yang XH, Ong ES. Analysis of positional isomers of hydroxylated aromatic cytokinins by micellar electrokinetic chromatography. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:1768-77. [PMID: 15800967 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200410234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
A micellar electrokinetic chromatography (MEKC) method was developed for the separation of six positional isomers of hydroxylated aromatic cytokinins (topolin and topolin riboside), including ortho-topolin, meta-topolin, para-topolin, ortho-topolin riboside, meta-topolin riboside, and para-topolin riboside. Optimum resolution and analysis time (ca. 20 min) for the six aromatic cytokinin standards were achieved with a running buffer at pH 8.0 consisting of 20 mM boric acid, 50 mM sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and 20% v/v methanol. The method has good reproducibility and has been successfully applied to detect the presence of a putative ortho-topolin in coconut water extract sample purified using C(18) and mixed-mode solid-phase extraction (SPE) columns. Other advantages of this MEKC method are short analysis time, low solvent consumption, and separation of positional isomers which could be achieved by a simple aqueous buffer system without the use of expensive chromatographic columns. In addition, a high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with baseline separation of the six topolin and topolin riboside standards was developed for the confirmation of the endogenous ortho-topolin in coconut water sample. Finally, the presence of ortho-topolin was further confirmed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) based on its characteristic fragmentation pattern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liya Ge
- Natural Sciences and Science Education Academic Group, Nanyang Technological University, 1 Nanyang Walk, Singapore 637616
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31
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Van Laer L, Vrijens K, Thys S, Van Tendeloo VFI, Smith RJH, Van Bockstaele DR, Timmermans JP, Van Camp G. DFNA5: hearing impairment exon instead of hearing impairment gene? J Med Genet 2004; 41:401-6. [PMID: 15173223 PMCID: PMC1735793 DOI: 10.1136/jmg.2003.015073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Three mutations in the DFNA5 gene have been described in three families with autosomal dominant non-syndromic hearing impairment. Although these mutations are different at the genomic DNA level, they all lead to skipping of exon 8 at the mRNA level. We hypothesise that hearing impairment associated with DFNA5 is caused by a highly unusual mechanism, in which skipping of one specific exon leads to disease that is not caused by other mutations in this gene. We hypothesise that this represents a very specific "gain of function" mutation, with the truncated protein exerting a deleterious new function. METHODS We performed transfection experiments in mammalian cell lines (HEK293T and COS-1) with green fluorescent protein (GFP) tagged wildtype and mutant DFNA5 and analysed cell death with flow cytometry and fluorescence microscopy. RESULTS Post-transfection death of HEK293T cells approximately doubled when cells were transfected with mutant DFNA5-GFP compared with wildtype DFNA5-GFP. Cell death was attributed to necrotic events and not to apoptotic events. CONCLUSION The transfection experiments in mammalian cell lines support our hypothesis that the hearing impairment associated with DFNA5 is caused by a "gain of function" mutation and that mutant DFNA5 has a deleterious new function.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Van Laer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
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Ishii Y, Kiyota H, Sakai S, Honma Y. Induction of differentiation of human myeloid leukemia cells by jasmonates, plant hormones. Leukemia 2004; 18:1413-9. [PMID: 15229618 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2403421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Some regulators of plant growth and differentiation have been shown to induce the differentiation of several human myeloid leukemia cells, and might be effective as differentiation inducers to control acute myelogenous leukemia cells. In this study, the growth-inhibiting and differentiation-inducing effects of jasmonates on human myeloid leukemia cells were examined. Several myeloid leukemia cells were cultured with methyl jasmonate (MJ) and its derivatives. Cell differentiation was determined by nitroblue tetrazolium-reducing activity, morphological changes, alpha-naphthyl acetate esterase activity and expression of differentiation-associated surface antigens. MJ induced both monocytic and granulocytic differentiation of HL-60 cells. MJ activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in the cells before causing myelomonocytic differentiation. MAPK activation was necessary for MJ-induced differentiation, since PD98059, an inhibitor of MAPK kinase, suppressed the differentiation induced by MJ. MJ also induced the differentiation of other human leukemia cell lines. Introduction of a double bond at the 4,5-position greatly enhanced the differentiation-inducing activity of MJ. MJ and its derivatives potently induce the differentiation of some myelomonocytic leukemia cells. One novel derivative is a particularly promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishii
- Saitama Cancer Center Research Institute, Saitama, Japan
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Moravec J, Krystof V, Hanus J, Havlícek L, Moravcová D, Fuksová K, Kuzma M, Lenobel R, Otyepka M, Strnad M. 2,6,8,9-tetrasubstituted purines as new CDK1 inhibitors. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2003; 13:2993-6. [PMID: 12941319 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(03)00632-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purine inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases attract attention as potential anticancer drugs because their first representative roscovitine recently entered clinical trials. Although well described in terms of structure-activity relationships, we still present here a novel modification of the purine scaffold influencing their inhibitory properties. The introduced C-8 substituents, however, lowered the CDK inhibitory activity of roscovitine, whereas the antiproliferative potential of several derivatives remained high.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirí Moravec
- Isotope Laboratory, Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Vídenská 1083, 14220 Prague 4, Czech Republic
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Abstract
Apoptosis and proliferation are intimately coupled. Some cell cycle regulators can influence both cell division and programmed cell death. The linkage of cell cycle and apoptosis has been recognized for c-Myc, p53, pRb, Ras, PKA, PKC, Bcl-2, NF-kappa B, CDK, cyclins and CKI. This review summarizes the different functions of the proteins presently known to control both apoptosis and cell cycle progression. These proteins can influence apoptosis or proliferation but different variables, including cell type, cellular environment and genetic background, make it difficult to predict the outcome of cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest or cell death. These important decisions of cell proliferation or cell death are likely to be controlled by more than one signal and are necessary to ensure a proper cellular response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Vermeulen
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Zwi N. Berneman
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Dirk R. Van Bockstaele
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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Vermeulen K, Van Bockstaele DR, Berneman ZN. The cell cycle: a review of regulation, deregulation and therapeutic targets in cancer. Cell Prolif 2003; 36:131-49. [PMID: 12814430 PMCID: PMC6496723 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2184.2003.00266.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1148] [Impact Index Per Article: 54.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2003] [Accepted: 06/02/2003] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The cell cycle is controlled by numerous mechanisms ensuring correct cell division. This review will focus on these mechanisms, i.e. regulation of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK) by cyclins, CDK inhibitors and phosphorylating events. The quality checkpoints activated after DNA damage are also discussed. The complexity of the regulation of the cell cycle is also reflected in the different alterations leading to aberrant cell proliferation and development of cancer. Consequently, targeting the cell cycle in general and CDK in particular presents unique opportunities for drug discovery. This review provides an overview of deregulation of the cell cycle in cancer. Different families of known CDK inhibitors acting by ATP competition are also discussed. Currently, at least three compounds with CDK inhibitory activity (flavopiridol, UCN-01, roscovitine) have entered clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Vermeulen
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Dirk R. Van Bockstaele
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
| | - Zwi N. Berneman
- Faculty of Medicine, Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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Krystof V, Lenobel R, Havlícek L, Kuzma M, Strnad M. Synthesis and biological activity of olomoucine II. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2002; 12:3283-6. [PMID: 12392733 DOI: 10.1016/s0960-894x(02)00693-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Based on our previous experiences with synthesis of purines, novel 2,6,9-trisubstituted purine derivatives were prepared and assayed for the ability to inhibit CDK1/cyclin B kinase. One of newly synthesized compounds designated as olomoucine II, 6-[(2-hydroxybenzyl)amino]-2-[[1-(hydroxymethyl)propyl]amino]-9-isopropylpurine, displays 10 times higher inhibitory activity than roscovitine, potent and specific CDK1 inhibitor. Olomoucine II in vitro cytotoxic activity exceeds purvalanol A, the most potent CDK inhibitor, as it kills the CEM cells with IC(50) value of 3.0 microM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimír Krystof
- Laboratory of Growth Regulators, Palacký University and Institute of Experimental Botany, Slechtitelů 11, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic
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37
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Vermeulen K, Strnad M, Havlícek L, Van Onckelen H, Lenjou M, Nijs G, Van Bockstaele DR, Berneman ZN. Plant cytokinin analogues with inhibitory activity on cyclin-dependent kinases exert their antiproliferative effect through induction of apoptosis initiated by the mitochondrial pathway: determination by a multiparametric flow cytometric analysis. Exp Hematol 2002; 30:1107-14. [PMID: 12384140 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-472x(02)00894-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Regulation of the cell cycle by cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) activity occurs at multiple levels and is often altered in human cancers. Therefore, CDK activity has been targeted for drug discovery, and a number of small molecules have now been identified as CDK inhibitors. Plant cytokinin analogues with CDK inhibitory activity and antiproliferative effects were studied to characterize the cellular basis of the cytotoxic effect. METHODS The IC(50) value (concentration at which 50% of the cell proliferation is inhibited) and AC(50) value (concentration at which 50% of the cell population is apoptotic) were determined by flow cytometry and microscopy, respectively. A new multiparametric flow cytometric analysis was used to study the sequence of different apoptotic events. In this assay, analysis of phosphatidylserine exposure, mitochondrial membrane depolarization, activation of caspases and DNA condensation were combined. RESULTS Treatment of Jurkat and KG1 cells with the CDK inhibitors results in a decrease of viable cells and a parallel increase in percentage of apoptotic cells. Apoptosis was accompanied by a rapid decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential, which precedes DNA condensation, exposure of phosphatidylserine and activation of caspases. CONCLUSIONS The main cellular mechanism of the antiproliferative effect of plant cytokinin analogues with CDK inhibitory activity is the induction of apoptosis. The multiparametric flow cytometric technique allowed to follow the kinetics of various aspects of apoptotic cell changes and demonstrated that cytokinin analogue-induced apoptosis starts through the mitochondrial pathway. This technique could also become of value for the rapid screening of pro-apoptotic properties of chemotherapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrien Vermeulen
- Laboratory of Experimental Hematology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium
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