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Xu L, Feng X, Wang D, Gao F, Feng C, Shan Q, Wang G, Yang F, Zhang J, Hou J, Sun D, Wang T. Improved Liver Intravital Microscopic Imaging Using a Film-Assisted Stabilization Method. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 39228132 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c01464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Intravital microscopy (IVM) is a valuable method for biomedical characterization of dynamic processes, which has been applied to many fields such as neuroscience, oncology, and immunology. During IVM, vibration suppression is a major challenge due to the inevitable respiration and heartbeat from live animals. In this study, taking liver IVM as an example, we have unraveled the vibration inhibition effect of liquid bridges by studying the friction characteristics of a moist surface on the mouse liver. We confirmed the presence of liquid bridges on the liver through fluorescence imaging, which can provide microscale and nondestructive liquid connections between adjacent surfaces. Liquid bridges were constructed to sufficiently stabilize the liver after abdominal dissection by covering it with a polymer film, taking advantage of the high adhesion properties of liquid bridges. We further prototyped a microscope-integrated vibration-damping device with adjustable film tension to simplify the sample preparation procedure, which remarkably decreased the liver vibration. In practical application scenarios, we observed the process of liposome phagocytosis by liver Kupffer cells with significantly improved image and video quality. Collectively, our method not only provided a feasible solution to vibration suppression in the field of IVM, but also has the potential to be applied to vibration damping of precision instruments or other fields that require nondestructive ″soft″ vibration damping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Libang Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xiaobing Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Dazhi Wang
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Fang Gao
- Department of No.1 Operating Room, Dalian Municipal Central Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Chenxu Feng
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Qiji Shan
- Instrumental Analysis Center, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ge Wang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fang Yang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Department of Medical Equipment, Ningcheng Traditional Chinese and Mongolian Medicine Hospital, Chifeng 024200, China
| | - Jingwei Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Donglei Sun
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Tiesheng Wang
- Key Laboratory for Micro/Nano Technology and System of Liaoning Province, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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2
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Seyedhassantehrani N, Burns CS, Verrinder R, Okafor V, Abbasizadeh N, Spencer JA. Intravital two-photon microscopy of the native mouse thymus. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0307962. [PMID: 39088574 PMCID: PMC11293686 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 08/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The thymus, a key organ in the adaptive immune system, is sensitive to a variety of insults including cytotoxic preconditioning, which leads to atrophy, compression of the blood vascular system, and alterations in hemodynamics. Although the thymus has innate regenerative capabilities, the production of T cells relies on the trafficking of lymphoid progenitors from the bone marrow through the altered thymic blood vascular system. Our understanding of thymic blood vascular hemodynamics is limited due to technical challenges associated with accessing the native thymus in live mice. To overcome this challenge, we developed an intravital two-photon imaging method to visualize the native thymus in vivo and investigated functional changes to the vascular system following sublethal irradiation. We quantified blood flow velocity and shear rate in cortical blood vessels and identified a subtle but significant increase in vessel leakage and diameter ~24 hrs post-sublethal irradiation. Ex vivo whole organ imaging of optically cleared thymus lobes confirmed a disruption of the thymus vascular structure, resulting in an increase in blood vessel diameter and vessel area, and concurrent thymic atrophy. This novel two-photon intravital imaging method enables a new paradigm for directly investigating the thymic microenvironment in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Negar Seyedhassantehrani
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Christian S. Burns
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Ruth Verrinder
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Victoria Okafor
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Nastaran Abbasizadeh
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
| | - Joel A. Spencer
- Quantitative and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- NSF-CREST Center for Cellular and Biomolecular Machines, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
- Health Science Research Institute, University of California Merced, Merced, California, United States of America
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3
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Stanciu SG, König K, Song YM, Wolf L, Charitidis CA, Bianchini P, Goetz M. Toward next-generation endoscopes integrating biomimetic video systems, nonlinear optical microscopy, and deep learning. BIOPHYSICS REVIEWS 2023; 4:021307. [PMID: 38510341 PMCID: PMC10903409 DOI: 10.1063/5.0133027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
According to the World Health Organization, the proportion of the world's population over 60 years will approximately double by 2050. This progressive increase in the elderly population will lead to a dramatic growth of age-related diseases, resulting in tremendous pressure on the sustainability of healthcare systems globally. In this context, finding more efficient ways to address cancers, a set of diseases whose incidence is correlated with age, is of utmost importance. Prevention of cancers to decrease morbidity relies on the identification of precursor lesions before the onset of the disease, or at least diagnosis at an early stage. In this article, after briefly discussing some of the most prominent endoscopic approaches for gastric cancer diagnostics, we review relevant progress in three emerging technologies that have significant potential to play pivotal roles in next-generation endoscopy systems: biomimetic vision (with special focus on compound eye cameras), non-linear optical microscopies, and Deep Learning. Such systems are urgently needed to enhance the three major steps required for the successful diagnostics of gastrointestinal cancers: detection, characterization, and confirmation of suspicious lesions. In the final part, we discuss challenges that lie en route to translating these technologies to next-generation endoscopes that could enhance gastrointestinal imaging, and depict a possible configuration of a system capable of (i) biomimetic endoscopic vision enabling easier detection of lesions, (ii) label-free in vivo tissue characterization, and (iii) intelligently automated gastrointestinal cancer diagnostic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan G. Stanciu
- Center for Microscopy-Microanalysis and Information Processing, University Politehnica of Bucharest, Bucharest, Romania
| | | | | | - Lior Wolf
- School of Computer Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Costas A. Charitidis
- Research Lab of Advanced, Composite, Nano-Materials and Nanotechnology, School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Paolo Bianchini
- Nanoscopy and NIC@IIT, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Martin Goetz
- Medizinische Klinik IV-Gastroenterologie/Onkologie, Kliniken Böblingen, Klinikverbund Südwest, Böblingen, Germany
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4
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Ko J, Lucas K, Kohler R, Halabi EA, Wilkovitsch M, Carlson JCT, Weissleder R. In Vivo Click Chemistry Enables Multiplexed Intravital Microscopy. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2200064. [PMID: 35750648 PMCID: PMC9405492 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202200064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The ability to observe cells in live organisms is essential for understanding their function in complex in vivo milieus. A major challenge today has been the limited ability to perform higher multiplexing beyond four to six colors to define cell subtypes in vivo. Here, a click chemistry-based strategy is presented for higher multiplexed in vivo imaging in mouse models. The method uses a scission-accelerated fluorophore exchange (SAFE), which exploits a highly efficient bioorthogonal mechanism to completely remove fluorescent signal from antibody-labeled cells in vivo. It is shown that the SAFE-intravital microscopy imaging method allows 1) in vivo staining of specific cell types in dorsal and cranial window chambers of mice, 2) complete un-staining in minutes, 3) in vivo click chemistries at lower (µm) and thus non-toxic concentrations, and 4) the ability to perform in vivo cyclic imaging. The potential utility of the method is demonstrated by 12 color imaging of immune cells in live mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jina Ko
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Kilean Lucas
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Rainer Kohler
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Elias A. Halabi
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Martin Wilkovitsch
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
| | - Jonathan C. T. Carlson
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
- Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA02114USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems BiologyMassachusetts General Hospital185 Cambridge St, CPZN 5206BostonMA02114USA
- Department of Systems BiologyHarvard Medical School200 Longwood AveBostonMA02115USA
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5
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Jeon J, Kim H, Jang H, Hwang K, Kim K, Park YG, Jeong KH. Handheld laser scanning microscope catheter for real-time and in vivo confocal microscopy using a high definition high frame rate Lissajous MEMS mirror. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 13:1497-1505. [PMID: 35414975 PMCID: PMC8973198 DOI: 10.1364/boe.447558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A handheld confocal microscope using a rapid MEMS scanning mirror facilitates real-time optical biopsy for simple cancer diagnosis. Here we report a handheld confocal microscope catheter using high definition and high frame rate (HDHF) Lissajous scanning MEMS mirror. The broad resonant frequency region of the fast axis on the MEMS mirror with a low Q-factor facilitates the flexible selection of scanning frequencies. HDHF Lissajous scanning was achieved by selecting the scanning frequencies with high greatest common divisor (GCD) and high total lobe number. The MEMS mirror was fully packaged into a handheld configuration, which was coupled to a home-built confocal imaging system. The confocal microscope catheter allows fluorescence imaging of in vivo and ex vivo mouse tissues with 30 Hz frame rate and 95.4% fill factor at 256 × 256 pixels image, where the lateral resolution is 4.35 μm and the field-of-view (FOV) is 330 μm × 330 μm. This compact confocal microscope can provide diverse handheld microscopic applications for real-time, on-demand, and in vivo optical biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehun Jeon
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Kim
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoo Jang
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyuyoung Kim
- VPIX Medical, Inc, Deajeon, 34873, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Gyun Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Hun Jeong
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea
- KAIST Institute for Health Science and Technology (KIHST), KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 305-701, Republic of Korea
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6
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Hickey SM, Ung B, Bader C, Brooks R, Lazniewska J, Johnson IRD, Sorvina A, Logan J, Martini C, Moore CR, Karageorgos L, Sweetman MJ, Brooks DA. Fluorescence Microscopy-An Outline of Hardware, Biological Handling, and Fluorophore Considerations. Cells 2021; 11:35. [PMID: 35011596 PMCID: PMC8750338 DOI: 10.3390/cells11010035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy has become a critical tool for researchers to understand biological processes at the cellular level. Micrographs from fixed and live-cell imaging procedures feature in a plethora of scientific articles for the field of cell biology, but the complexities of fluorescence microscopy as an imaging tool can sometimes be overlooked or misunderstood. This review seeks to cover the three fundamental considerations when designing fluorescence microscopy experiments: (1) hardware availability; (2) amenability of biological models to fluorescence microscopy; and (3) suitability of imaging agents for intended applications. This review will help equip the reader to make judicious decisions when designing fluorescence microscopy experiments that deliver high-resolution and informative images for cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane M. Hickey
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (C.B.); (R.B.); (J.L.); (I.R.D.J.); (A.S.); (J.L.); (C.M.); (C.R.M.); (L.K.); (M.J.S.); (D.A.B.)
| | - Ben Ung
- Clinical and Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5000, Australia; (C.B.); (R.B.); (J.L.); (I.R.D.J.); (A.S.); (J.L.); (C.M.); (C.R.M.); (L.K.); (M.J.S.); (D.A.B.)
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7
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Streich L, Boffi JC, Wang L, Alhalaseh K, Barbieri M, Rehm R, Deivasigamani S, Gross CT, Agarwal A, Prevedel R. High-resolution structural and functional deep brain imaging using adaptive optics three-photon microscopy. Nat Methods 2021; 18:1253-1258. [PMID: 34594033 PMCID: PMC8490155 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-021-01257-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy has become a powerful tool with which to visualize the morphology and function of neural cells and circuits in the intact mammalian brain. However, tissue scattering, optical aberrations and motion artifacts degrade the imaging performance at depth. Here we describe a minimally invasive intravital imaging methodology based on three-photon excitation, indirect adaptive optics (AO) and active electrocardiogram gating to advance deep-tissue imaging. Our modal-based, sensorless AO approach is robust to low signal-to-noise ratios as commonly encountered in deep scattering tissues such as the mouse brain, and permits AO correction over large axial fields of view. We demonstrate near-diffraction-limited imaging of deep cortical spines and (sub)cortical dendrites up to a depth of 1.4 mm (the edge of the mouse CA1 hippocampus). In addition, we show applications to deep-layer calcium imaging of astrocytes, including fibrous astrocytes that reside in the highly scattering corpus callosum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Streich
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
- Collaboration for joint PhD degree between EMBL and Heidelberg University, Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Juan Carlos Boffi
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ling Wang
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Khaleel Alhalaseh
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matteo Barbieri
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ronja Rehm
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Cornelius T Gross
- Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Amit Agarwal
- The Chica and Heinz Schaller Research Group, Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert Prevedel
- Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Heidelberg, Germany.
- Epigenetics and Neurobiology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Monterotondo, Italy.
- Interdisciplinary Center for Neurosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Developmental Biology Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Molecular Medicine Partnership Unit (MMPU), European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany.
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8
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Intravital mesoscopic fluorescence molecular tomography allows non-invasive in vivo monitoring and quantification of breast cancer growth dynamics. Commun Biol 2021; 4:556. [PMID: 33976362 PMCID: PMC8113483 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02063-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Preclinical breast tumor models are an invaluable tool to systematically study tumor progression and treatment response, yet methods to non-invasively monitor the involved molecular and mechanistic properties under physiologically relevant conditions are limited. Here we present an intravital mesoscopic fluorescence molecular tomography (henceforth IFT) approach that is capable of tracking fluorescently labeled tumor cells in a quantitative manner inside the mammary gland of living mice. Our mesoscopic approach is entirely non-invasive and thus permits prolonged observational periods of several months. The relatively high sensitivity and spatial resolution further enable inferring the overall number of oncogene-expressing tumor cells as well as their tumor volume over the entire cycle from early tumor growth to residual disease following the treatment phase. Our IFT approach is a promising method for studying tumor growth dynamics in a quantitative and longitudinal fashion in-vivo.
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9
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Stegner D, Heinze KG. Intravital imaging of megakaryocytes. Platelets 2020; 31:599-609. [PMID: 32153253 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2020.1738366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of platelet formation could only be investigated since the development of two-photon microscopy in combination with suitable fluorescent labeling strategies. In this review paper, we give an overview of recent advances in fluorescence imaging of the bone marrow that have contributed to our understanding of platelet biogenesis during the last decade. We make a brief survey through the perspectives and limitations of today's intravital imaging, but also discuss complementary methods that may help to piece together the puzzle of megakaryopoiesis and platelet formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Stegner
- Institute of Experimental Biomedicine, University Hospital Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
| | - Katrin G Heinze
- Rudolf Virchow Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Würzburg , Würzburg, Germany
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10
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Matsuda M, Terai K. Experimental pathology by intravital microscopy and genetically encoded fluorescent biosensors. Pathol Int 2020; 70:379-390. [PMID: 32270554 PMCID: PMC7383902 DOI: 10.1111/pin.12925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The invention of two‐photon excitation microscopes widens the potential application of intravital microscopy (IVM) to the broad field of experimental pathology. Moreover, the recent development of fluorescent protein‐based, genetically encoded biosensors provides an ideal tool to visualize the cell function in live animals. We start from a brief review of IVM with two‐photon excitation microscopes and genetically encoded biosensors based on the principle of Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET). Then, we describe how IVM using biosensors has revealed the pathogenesis of several disease models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiyuki Matsuda
- Department of Pathology and Biology of Diseases, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.,Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Kenta Terai
- Research Center for Dynamic Living Systems, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
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11
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Husna N, Gascoigne NRJ, Tey HL, Ng LG, Tan Y. Reprint of "Multi-modal image cytometry approach - From dynamic to whole organ imaging". Cell Immunol 2020; 350:104086. [PMID: 32169249 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2020.104086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Optical imaging is a valuable tool to visualise biological processes in the context of the tissue. Each imaging modality provides the biologist with different types of information - cell dynamics and migration over time can be tracked with time-lapse imaging (e.g. intra-vital imaging); an overview of whole tissues can be acquired using optical clearing in conjunction with light sheet microscopy; finer details such as cellular morphology and fine nerve tortuosity can be imaged at higher resolution using the confocal microscope. Multi-modal imaging combined with image cytometry - a form of quantitative analysis of image datasets - provides an objective basis for comparing between sample groups. Here, we provide an overview of technical aspects to look out for in an image cytometry workflow, and discuss issues related to sample preparation, image post-processing and analysis for intra-vital and whole organ imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazihah Husna
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Nicholas R J Gascoigne
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore
| | - Hong Liang Tey
- National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205, Singapore; Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, 11 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308232, Singapore; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Medical Dr, Singapore 117597, Singapore
| | - Lai Guan Ng
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore; Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 5 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117545, Singapore.
| | - Yingrou Tan
- Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), A*STAR (Agency for Science, Technology and Research), Biopolis, 8A Biomedical Grove, Singapore 138648, Singapore; National Skin Centre, 1 Mandalay Road, Singapore 308205, Singapore.
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12
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Soulet D, Lamontagne-Proulx J, Aubé B, Davalos D. Multiphoton intravital microscopy in small animals: motion artefact challenges and technical solutions. J Microsc 2020; 278:3-17. [PMID: 32072642 PMCID: PMC7187339 DOI: 10.1111/jmi.12880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Since its invention 29 years ago, two‐photon laser‐scanning microscopy has evolved from a promising imaging technique, to an established widely available imaging modality used throughout the biomedical research community. The establishment of two‐photon microscopy as the preferred method for imaging fluorescently labelled cells and structures in living animals can be attributed to the biophysical mechanism by which the generation of fluorescence is accomplished. The use of powerful lasers capable of delivering infrared light pulses within femtosecond intervals, facilitates the nonlinear excitation of fluorescent molecules only at the focal plane and determines by objective lens position. This offers numerous benefits for studies of biological samples at high spatial and temporal resolutions with limited photo‐damage and superior tissue penetration. Indeed, these attributes have established two‐photon microscopy as the ideal method for live‐animal imaging in several areas of biology and have led to a whole new field of study dedicated to imaging biological phenomena in intact tissues and living organisms. However, despite its appealing features, two‐photon intravital microscopy is inherently limited by tissue motion from heartbeat, respiratory cycles, peristalsis, muscle/vascular tone and physiological functions that change tissue geometry. Because these movements impede temporal and spatial resolution, they must be properly addressed to harness the full potential of two‐photon intravital microscopy and enable accurate data analysis and interpretation. In addition, the sources and features of these motion artefacts are varied, sometimes unpredictable and unique to specific organs and multiple complex strategies have previously been devised to address them. This review will discuss these motion artefacts requirement and technical solutions for their correction and after intravital two‐photon microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Soulet
- Centre de recherche du CHUL, Department of Neurosciences, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - J Lamontagne-Proulx
- Centre de recherche du CHUL, Department of Neurosciences, Quebec, Canada.,Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec, Canada
| | - B Aubé
- Centre de recherche du CHUL, Department of Neurosciences, Quebec, Canada
| | - D Davalos
- Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
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13
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Ueki H, Wang IH, Zhao D, Gunzer M, Kawaoka Y. Multicolor two-photon imaging of in vivo cellular pathophysiology upon influenza virus infection using the two-photon IMPRESS. Nat Protoc 2020; 15:1041-1065. [PMID: 31996843 PMCID: PMC7086515 DOI: 10.1038/s41596-019-0275-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
In vivo two-photon imaging is a valuable technique for studies of viral pathogenesis and host responses to infection in vivo. In this protocol, we describe a methodology for analyzing influenza virus-infected lung in vivo by two-photon imaging microscopy. We describe the surgical procedure, how to stabilize the lung, and an approach to analyzing the data. Further, we provide a database of fluorescent dyes, antibodies, and reporter mouse lines that can be used in combination with a reporter influenza virus (Color-flu) for multicolor analysis. Setup of this model typically takes ~30 min and enables the observation of influenza virus-infected lungs for >4 h during the acute phase of the inflammation and at least 1 h in the lethal phase. This imaging system, which we termed two-photon IMPRESS (imaging pathophysiology research system), is broadly applicable to analyses of other respiratory pathogens and reveals disease progression at the cellular level in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueki
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - I-Hsuan Wang
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Dongming Zhao
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
- State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Matthias Gunzer
- Institute for Experimental Immunology and Imaging, University Hospital, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Yoshihiro Kawaoka
- Division of Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Special Pathogens, International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
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14
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Allan-Rahill NH, Lamont MRE, Chilian WM, Nishimura N, Small DM. Intravital Microscopy of the Beating Murine Heart to Understand Cardiac Leukocyte Dynamics. Front Immunol 2020; 11:92. [PMID: 32117249 PMCID: PMC7010807 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of worldwide mortality. Intravital microscopy has provided unprecedented insight into leukocyte biology by enabling the visualization of dynamic responses within living organ systems at the cell-scale. The heart presents a uniquely dynamic microenvironment driven by periodic, synchronous electrical conduction leading to rhythmic contractions of cardiomyocytes, and phasic coronary blood flow. In addition to functions shared throughout the body, immune cells have specific functions in the heart including tissue-resident macrophage-facilitated electrical conduction and rapid monocyte infiltration upon injury. Leukocyte responses to cardiac pathologies, including myocardial infarction and heart failure, have been well-studied using standard techniques, however, certain questions related to spatiotemporal relationships remain unanswered. Intravital imaging techniques could greatly benefit our understanding of the complexities of in vivo leukocyte behavior within cardiac tissue, but these techniques have been challenging to apply. Different approaches have been developed including high frame rate imaging of the beating heart, explantation models, micro-endoscopy, and mechanical stabilization coupled with various acquisition schemes to overcome challenges specific to the heart. The field of cardiac science has only begun to benefit from intravital microscopy techniques. The current focused review presents an overview of leukocyte responses in the heart, recent developments in intravital microscopy for the murine heart, and a discussion of future developments and applications for cardiovascular immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel H Allan-Rahill
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - Michael R E Lamont
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - William M Chilian
- Department of Integrative Medical Sciences, Northeast Ohio Medical University, Rootstown, OH, United States
| | - Nozomi Nishimura
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - David M Small
- Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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15
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Rouffiac V, Ser‐Le Roux K, Salomé-Desnoulez S, Leguerney I, Ginefri JC, Sébrié C, Jourdain L, Lécluse Y, Laplace-Builhé C. Multimodal imaging for tumour characterization from micro- to macroscopic level using a newly developed dorsal chamber designed for long-term follow-up. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2020; 13:e201900217. [PMID: 31593616 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201900217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Optical imaging of living animals is a unique method of studying the dynamics of physiological and pathological processes at a subcellular level. One-shot acquisitions at high resolution can be achieved on exteriorized organs before animal euthanasia. For longitudinal follow-up, intravital imaging can be used and involves imaging windows implanted in cranial, thoracic or dorsal regions. Several imaging window models exist, but none have proven to be applicable for long-term monitoring and most biological processes take place over several weeks. Moreover, none are compatible with multiple imaging modalities, meaning that different biological parameters cannot be assessed in an individual animal. We developed a new dorsal chamber that was well tolerated by mice (over several months) and allowed individual and collective cell tracking and behaviour analysis by optical imaging, ultrasound and magnetic resonance tomography. This new model broadens potential applications to areas requiring study of long-term biological processes, as in cancer research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valérie Rouffiac
- Gustave Roussy, Plate-forme Imagerie et Cytométrie, UMS 23/3655, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Karine Ser‐Le Roux
- Gustave Roussy, Plate-forme d'évaluation préclinique, UMS 23/3655, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Sophie Salomé-Desnoulez
- Gustave Roussy, Plate-forme Imagerie et Cytométrie, UMS 23/3655, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Ingrid Leguerney
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8081-IR4M, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, F-91401, France
| | | | - Catherine Sébrié
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8081-IR4M, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, F-91401, France
| | - Laurène Jourdain
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8081-IR4M, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, F-91401, France
| | - Yann Lécluse
- Gustave Roussy, Plate-forme Imagerie et Cytométrie, UMS 23/3655, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France
| | - Corinne Laplace-Builhé
- Gustave Roussy, Plate-forme Imagerie et Cytométrie, UMS 23/3655, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, F-94805, France
- Univ Paris-Sud, UMR CNRS 8081-IR4M, Université Paris-Saclay, Orsay, F-91401, France
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16
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Ng TS, Garlin MA, Weissleder R, Miller MA. Improving nanotherapy delivery and action through image-guided systems pharmacology. Theranostics 2020; 10:968-997. [PMID: 31938046 PMCID: PMC6956809 DOI: 10.7150/thno.37215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite recent advances in the translation of therapeutic nanoparticles (TNPs) into the clinic, the field continues to face challenges in predictably and selectively delivering nanomaterials for the treatment of solid cancers. The concept of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) has been coined as a convenient but simplistic descriptor of high TNP accumulation in some tumors. However, in practice EPR represents a number of physiological variables rather than a single one (including dysfunctional vasculature, compromised lymphatics and recruited host cells, among other aspects of the tumor microenvironment) — each of which can be highly heterogenous within a given tumor, patient and across patients. Therefore, a clear need exists to dissect the specific biophysical factors underlying the EPR effect, to formulate better TNP designs, and to identify patients with high-EPR tumors who are likely to respond to TNP. The overall pharmacology of TNP is governed by an interconnected set of spatially defined and dynamic processes that benefit from a systems-level quantitative approach, and insights into the physiology have profited from the marriage between in vivo imaging and quantitative systems pharmacology (QSP) methodologies. In this article, we review recent developments pertinent to image-guided systems pharmacology of nanomedicines in oncology. We first discuss recent developments of quantitative imaging technologies that enable analysis of nanomaterial pharmacology at multiple spatiotemporal scales, and then examine reports that have adopted these imaging technologies to guide QSP approaches. In particular, we focus on studies that have integrated multi-scale imaging with computational modeling to derive insights about the EPR effect, as well as studies that have used modeling to guide the manipulation of the EPR effect and other aspects of the tumor microenvironment for improving TNP action. We anticipate that the synergistic combination of imaging with systems-level computational methods for effective clinical translation of TNPs will only grow in relevance as technologies increase in resolution, multiplexing capability, and in the ability to examine heterogeneous behaviors at the single-cell level.
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17
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Vinegoni C, Feruglio PF, Gryczynski I, Mazitschek R, Weissleder R. Fluorescence anisotropy imaging in drug discovery. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 151-152:262-288. [PMID: 29410158 PMCID: PMC6072632 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Revised: 01/29/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Non-invasive measurement of drug-target engagement can provide critical insights in the molecular pharmacology of small molecule drugs. Fluorescence polarization/fluorescence anisotropy measurements are commonly employed in protein/cell screening assays. However, the expansion of such measurements to the in vivo setting has proven difficult until recently. With the advent of high-resolution fluorescence anisotropy microscopy it is now possible to perform kinetic measurements of intracellular drug distribution and target engagement in commonly used mouse models. In this review we discuss the background, current advances and future perspectives in intravital fluorescence anisotropy measurements to derive pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic measurements in single cells and whole organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Vinegoni
- Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Paolo Fumene Feruglio
- Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurological, Biomedical and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Ignacy Gryczynski
- University of North Texas Health Science Center, Institute for Molecular Medicine, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Ralph Mazitschek
- Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for System Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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18
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Di Martino JS, Mondal C, Bravo-Cordero JJ. Textures of the tumour microenvironment. Essays Biochem 2019; 63:619-629. [PMID: 31654075 PMCID: PMC6839695 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20190019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this review, we present recent findings on the dynamic nature of the tumour microenvironment (TME) and how intravital microscopy studies have defined TME components in a spatiotemporal manner. Intravital microscopy has shed light into the nature of the TME, revealing structural details of both tumour cells and other TME co-habitants in vivo, how these cells communicate with each other, and how they are organized in three-dimensional space to orchestrate tumour growth, invasion, dissemination and metastasis. We will review different imaging tools, imaging reporters and fate-mapping strategies that have begun to uncover the complexity of the TME in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie S Di Martino
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Chandrani Mondal
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jose Javier Bravo-Cordero
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology, The Tisch Cancer Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at
Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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19
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Husna N, Gascoigne NR, Tey HL, Ng LG, Tan Y. Multi-modal image cytometry approach – From dynamic to whole organ imaging. Cell Immunol 2019; 344:103946. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2019.103946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Dilipkumar A, Al‐Shemmary A, Kreiß L, Cvecek K, Carlé B, Knieling F, Gonzales Menezes J, Thoma O, Schmidt M, Neurath MF, Waldner M, Friedrich O, Schürmann S. Label-Free Multiphoton Endomicroscopy for Minimally Invasive In Vivo Imaging. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1801735. [PMID: 31016109 PMCID: PMC6468963 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Multiphoton microscopy of cellular autofluorescence and second harmonic generation from collagen facilitates imaging of living cells and tissues without the need for additional fluorescent labels. Here, a compact multiphoton endomicroscope for label-free in vivo imaging in small animals via side-viewing needle objectives is presented. Minimal invasive imaging at cellular resolution is performed in colonoscopy of mice without surgical measures and without fluorescent dyes as a contrast agent. The colon mucosa is imaged repeatedly in the same animal in a mouse model of acute intestinal inflammation to study the process of inflammation at the tissue level within a time period of ten days, demonstrating the capabilities of label-free endomicroscopy for longitudinal studies for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwathama Dilipkumar
- Institute of Medical BiotechnologyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 391052ErlangenGermany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
| | - Alaa Al‐Shemmary
- Institute of Medical BiotechnologyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 391052ErlangenGermany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
| | - Lucas Kreiß
- Institute of Medical BiotechnologyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 391052ErlangenGermany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
| | - Kristian Cvecek
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
- Institute of Photonic TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Konrad‐Zuse‐Str. 3–591052ErlangenGermany
| | - Birgitta Carlé
- Institute of Medical BiotechnologyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 391052ErlangenGermany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
| | - Ferdinand Knieling
- Department of Internal Medicine 1University Hospital ErlangenUlmenweg 1891054ErlangenGermany
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenLoschgestr. 1591054ErlangenGermany
| | - Jean Gonzales Menezes
- Department of Internal Medicine 1University Hospital ErlangenUlmenweg 1891054ErlangenGermany
| | - Oana‐Maria Thoma
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1University Hospital ErlangenUlmenweg 1891054ErlangenGermany
| | - Michael Schmidt
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
- Institute of Photonic TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Konrad‐Zuse‐Str. 3–591052ErlangenGermany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1University Hospital ErlangenUlmenweg 1891054ErlangenGermany
| | - Maximilian Waldner
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
- Department of Internal Medicine 1University Hospital ErlangenUlmenweg 1891054ErlangenGermany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical BiotechnologyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 391052ErlangenGermany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
| | - Sebastian Schürmann
- Institute of Medical BiotechnologyFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 391052ErlangenGermany
- Erlangen Graduate School in Advanced Optical TechnologiesFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität Erlangen‐Nürnberg (FAU)Paul‐Gordan‐Str. 791052ErlangenGermany
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21
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Toolbox for In Vivo Imaging of Host-Parasite Interactions at Multiple Scales. Trends Parasitol 2019; 35:193-212. [PMID: 30745251 DOI: 10.1016/j.pt.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Animal models have for long been pivotal for parasitology research. Over the last few years, techniques such as intravital, optoacoustic and magnetic resonance imaging, optical projection tomography, and selective plane illumination microscopy developed promising potential for gaining insights into host-pathogen interactions by allowing different visualization forms in vivo and ex vivo. Advances including increased resolution, penetration depth, and acquisition speed, together with more complex image analysis methods, facilitate tackling biological problems previously impossible to study and/or quantify. Here we discuss advances and challenges in the in vivo imaging toolbox, which hold promising potential for the field of parasitology.
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22
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Nobis M, Warren SC, Lucas MC, Murphy KJ, Herrmann D, Timpson P. Molecular mobility and activity in an intravital imaging setting - implications for cancer progression and targeting. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/5/jcs206995. [PMID: 29511095 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.206995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Molecular mobility, localisation and spatiotemporal activity are at the core of cell biological processes and deregulation of these dynamic events can underpin disease development and progression. Recent advances in intravital imaging techniques in mice are providing new avenues to study real-time molecular behaviour in intact tissues within a live organism and to gain exciting insights into the intricate regulation of live cell biology at the microscale level. The monitoring of fluorescently labelled proteins and agents can be combined with autofluorescent properties of the microenvironment to provide a comprehensive snapshot of in vivo cell biology. In this Review, we summarise recent intravital microscopy approaches in mice, in processes ranging from normal development and homeostasis to disease progression and treatment in cancer, where we emphasise the utility of intravital imaging to observe dynamic and transient events in vivo We also highlight the recent integration of advanced subcellular imaging techniques into the intravital imaging pipeline, which can provide in-depth biological information beyond the single-cell level. We conclude with an outlook of ongoing developments in intravital microscopy towards imaging in humans, as well as provide an overview of the challenges the intravital imaging community currently faces and outline potential ways for overcoming these hurdles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Nobis
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Sean C Warren
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Morghan C Lucas
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Kendelle J Murphy
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Garvan Institute of Medical Research and The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, St. Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
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23
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Li YX, Gautam V, Brüstle A, Cockburn IA, Daria VR, Gillespie C, Gaus K, Alt C, Lee WM. Flexible polygon-mirror based laser scanning microscope platform for multiphoton in-vivo imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2017; 10:1526-1537. [PMID: 28164461 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201600289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Commercial microscopy systems make use of tandem scanning i.e. either slow or fast scanning. We constructed, for the first time, an advanced control system capable of delivering a dynamic line scanning speed ranging from 2.7 kHz to 27 kHz and achieve variable frame rates from 5 Hz to 50 Hz (512 × 512). The dynamic scanning ability is digitally controlled by a new customized open-source software named PScan1.0. This permits manipulation of scanning rates either to gain higher fluorescence signal at slow frame rate without increasing laser power or increase frame rates to capture high speed events. By adjusting imaging speed from 40 Hz to 160 Hz, we capture a range of calcium waves and transient peaks from soma and dendrite of single fluorescence neuron (CAL-520AM). Motion artifacts arising from respiratory and cardiac motion in small animal imaging reduce quality of real-time images of single cells in-vivo. An image registration algorithm, integrated with PScan1.0, was shown to perform both real time and post-processed motion correction. The improvement is verified by quantification of blood flow rates. This work describes all the steps necessary to develop a high performance and flexible polygon-mirror based multiphoton microscope system for in-vivo biological imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y X Li
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australia National University, North Road, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - V Gautam
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Garran Road, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - A Brüstle
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Garran Road, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - I A Cockburn
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Garran Road, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - V R Daria
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Garran Road, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - C Gillespie
- John Curtin School of Medical Research, Australian National University, Garran Road, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia
| | - K Gaus
- Australia- EMBL Node in Single Molecule Science, School of Medical Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney NSW, 2052, Australia
- Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, University of New South Wales, Australia
| | - C Alt
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, 02114, USA
| | - W M Lee
- Research School of Engineering, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Australia National University, North Road, Canberra ACT, 2601, Australia
- Australia Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Australian National University, Australia
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24
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Lin HCA, Déan-Ben XL, Ivankovic I, Kimm MA, Kosanke K, Haas H, Meier R, Lohöfer F, Wildgruber M, Razansky D. Characterization of Cardiac Dynamics in an Acute Myocardial Infarction Model by Four-Dimensional Optoacoustic and Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Theranostics 2017; 7:4470-4479. [PMID: 29158839 PMCID: PMC5695143 DOI: 10.7150/thno.20616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2017] [Accepted: 06/15/2017] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Extraction of murine cardiac functional parameters on a beat-by-beat basis is limited with the existing imaging modalities due to insufficient three-dimensional temporal resolution. Faster volumetric imaging methods enabling in vivo characterization of functional parameters are poised to advance cardiovascular research and provide a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying cardiac diseases. We present a new approach based on analyzing contrast-enhanced optoacoustic (OA) images acquired at high volumetric frame rate without using cardiac gating or other approaches for motion correction. We apply an acute murine myocardial infarction model optimized for acquisition of artifact-free optoacoustic imaging data to study cardiovascular hemodynamics. Infarcted hearts (n = 21) could be clearly differentiated from healthy controls (n = 9) based on a significantly higher pulmonary transit time (PTT) (2.25 [2.00-2.41] s versus 1.34 [1.25-1.67] s, p = 0.0235), while no statistically significant difference was observed in the heart rate (318 [252-361] bpm versus 264 [252-320] bpm, p = 0.3129). Nevertheless, nonlinear heartbeat dynamics was stronger in the healthy hearts, as evidenced by the third harmonic component in the heartbeat spectra. MRI data acquired from the same mice further revealed that the PTT increases with the size of infarction and similarly increases with reduced ejection fraction. Moreover, an inverse relationship between infarct PTT and time post-surgery was found, which suggests the occurrence of cardiac healing. In combination with the proven ability of optoacoustics to track targeted probes within the injured myocardium, our method can depict cardiac anatomy, function, and molecular signatures, with both high spatial and temporal resolution. Volumetric four-dimensional optoacoustic characterization of cardiac dynamics with supreme temporal resolution can capture cardiovascular dynamics on a beat-by-beat basis in mouse models of myocardial ischemia.
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Pnevmatikakis EA, Giovannucci A. NoRMCorre: An online algorithm for piecewise rigid motion correction of calcium imaging data. J Neurosci Methods 2017; 291:83-94. [PMID: 28782629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2017.07.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 432] [Impact Index Per Article: 61.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Motion correction is a challenging pre-processing problem that arises early in the analysis pipeline of calcium imaging data sequences. The motion artifacts in two-photon microscopy recordings can be non-rigid, arising from the finite time of raster scanning and non-uniform deformations of the brain medium. NEW METHOD We introduce an algorithm for fast Non-Rigid Motion Correction (NoRMCorre) based on template matching. NoRMCorre operates by splitting the field of view (FOV) into overlapping spatial patches along all directions. The patches are registered at a sub-pixel resolution for rigid translation against a regularly updated template. The estimated alignments are subsequently up-sampled to create a smooth motion field for each frame that can efficiently approximate non-rigid artifacts in a piecewise-rigid manner. EXISTING METHODS Existing approaches either do not scale well in terms of computational performance or are targeted to non-rigid artifacts arising just from the finite speed of raster scanning, and thus cannot correct for non-rigid motion observable in datasets from a large FOV. RESULTS NoRMCorre can be run in an online mode resulting in comparable to or even faster than real time motion registration of streaming data. We evaluate its performance with simple yet intuitive metrics and compare against other non-rigid registration methods on simulated data and in vivo two-photon calcium imaging datasets. Open source Matlab and Python code is also made available. CONCLUSIONS The proposed method and accompanying code can be useful for solving large scale image registration problems in calcium imaging, especially in the presence of non-rigid deformations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Giovannucci
- Center for Computational Biology, Flatiron Institute, Simons Foundation, New York, NY 10010, USA
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Miller MA, Weissleder R. Imaging the pharmacology of nanomaterials by intravital microscopy: Toward understanding their biological behavior. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2017; 113:61-86. [PMID: 27266447 PMCID: PMC5136524 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2016.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 05/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Therapeutic nanoparticles (NPs) can deliver cytotoxic chemotherapeutics and other drugs more safely and efficiently to patients; furthermore, selective delivery to target tissues can theoretically be accomplished actively through coating NPs with molecular ligands, and passively through exploiting physiological "enhanced permeability and retention" features. However, clinical trial results have been mixed in showing improved efficacy with drug nanoencapsulation, largely due to heterogeneous NP accumulation at target sites across patients. Thus, a clear need exists to better understand why many NP strategies fail in vivo and not result in significantly improved tumor uptake or therapeutic response. Multicolor in vivo confocal fluorescence imaging (intravital microscopy; IVM) enables integrated pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) measurement at the single-cell level, and has helped answer key questions regarding the biological mechanisms of in vivo NP behavior. This review summarizes progress to date and also describes useful technical strategies for successful IVM experimentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miles A Miller
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge St, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, 200 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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27
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Oh G, Park Y, Yoo SW, Hwang S, Chin-Yu AVD, Ryu YM, Kim SY, Do EJ, Kim KH, Kim S, Myung SJ, Chung E. Clinically compatible flexible wide-field multi-color fluorescence endoscopy with a porcine colon model. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2017; 8:764-775. [PMID: 28270983 PMCID: PMC5330595 DOI: 10.1364/boe.8.000764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Early detection of structural or molecular changes in dysplastic epithelial tissues is crucial for cancer screening and surveillance. Multi-targeting molecular endoscopic fluorescence imaging may improve noninvasive detection of precancerous lesions in the colon. Here, we report the first clinically compatible, wide-field-of-view, multi-color fluorescence endoscopy with a leached fiber bundle scope using a porcine model. A porcine colon model that resembles the human colon is used for the detection of surrogate tumors composed of multiple biocompatible fluorophores (FITC, ICG, and heavy metal-free quantum dots (hfQDs)). With an ex vivo porcine colon tumor model, molecular imaging with hfQDs conjugated with MMP14 antibody was achieved by spraying molecular probes on a mucosa layer that contains xenograft tumors. With an in vivo porcine colon embedded with surrogate tumors, target-to-background ratios of 3.36 ± 0.43, 2.70 ± 0.72, and 2.10 ± 0.13 were achieved for FITC, ICG, and hfQD probes, respectively. This promising endoscopic technology with molecular contrast shows the capacity to reveal hidden tumors and guide treatment strategy decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyugnseok Oh
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Youngrong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Su Woong Yoo
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Institute of Integrated Technology (IIT), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Soonjoo Hwang
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Institute of Integrated Technology (IIT), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
| | | | - Yeon-Mi Ryu
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Yeob Kim
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Convergence Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Eun-Ju Do
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki Hean Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Sungjee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, South Korea
| | - Seung-Jae Myung
- Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Gastroenterology and Convergence Medicine, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Euiheon Chung
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
- Department of Biomedical Science and Engineering, Institute of Integrated Technology (IIT), Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, South Korea
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28
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Day RN, Tao W, Dunn KW. A simple approach for measuring FRET in fluorescent biosensors using two-photon microscopy. Nat Protoc 2016; 11:2066-80. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2016.121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Fiole D, Tournier JN. Intravital microscopy of the lung: minimizing invasiveness. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2016; 9:868-878. [PMID: 26846880 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.201500246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/09/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In vivo microscopy has recently become a gold standard in lung immunology studies involving small animals, largely benefiting from the democratization of multiphoton microscopy allowing for deep tissue imaging. This technology represents currently our only way of exploring the lungs and inferring what happens in human respiratory medicine. The interest of lung in vivo microscopy essentially relies upon its relevance as a study model, fulfilling physiological requirements in comparison with in vitro and ex vivo experiments. However, strategies developed in order to overcome movements of the thorax caused by breathing and heartbeats remain the chief drawback of the technique and a major source of invasiveness. In this context, minimizing invasiveness is an unavoidable prerequisite for any improvement of lung in vivo microscopy. This review puts into perspective the main techniques enabling lung in vivo microscopy, providing pros and cons regarding invasiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Fiole
- Unité Interactions Hôte-Agents pathogènes, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge cedex, 91223, France.
- Human Histopathology and Animal Models, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du docteur Roux, Paris, 75725, France.
| | - Jean-Nicolas Tournier
- Unité Interactions Hôte-Agents pathogènes, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale des Armées, Brétigny-sur-Orge cedex, 91223, France
- Laboratoire Pathogénie des Toxi-Infections Bactériennes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du docteur Roux, Paris, 75725, France
- Ecole du Val-de-Grâce, 1 place Alphonse Laveran, Paris, 75230, France
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30
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Vennin C, Herrmann D, Lucas MC, Timpson P. Intravital imaging reveals new ancillary mechanisms co-opted by cancer cells to drive tumor progression. F1000Res 2016; 5. [PMID: 27239290 PMCID: PMC4870995 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.8090.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravital imaging is providing new insights into the dynamics of tumor progression in native tissues and has started to reveal the layers of complexity found in cancer. Recent advances in intravital imaging have allowed us to look deeper into cancer behavior and to dissect the interactions between tumor cells and the ancillary host niche that promote cancer development. In this review, we provide an insight into the latest advances in cancer biology achieved by intravital imaging, focusing on recently discovered mechanisms by which tumor cells manipulate normal tissue to facilitate disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire Vennin
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - David Herrmann
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Morghan C Lucas
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Timpson
- The Kinghorn Cancer Centre, Cancer Division, The Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,St Vincent's Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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31
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Tyrosine kinase-mediated axial motility of basal cells revealed by intravital imaging. Nat Commun 2016; 7:10666. [PMID: 26868824 PMCID: PMC4754344 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms10666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Epithelial cells are generally considered to be static relative to their neighbours. Basal cells in pseudostratified epithelia display a single long cytoplasmic process that can cross the tight junction barrier to reach the lumen. Using in vivo microscopy to visualize the epididymis, a model system for the study of pseudostratified epithelia, we report here the surprising discovery that these basal cell projections--which we call axiopodia--periodically extend and retract over time. We found that axiopodia extensions and retractions follow an oscillatory pattern. This movement, which we refer to as periodic axial motility (PAM), is controlled by c-Src and MEK1/2-ERK1/2. Therapeutic inhibition of tyrosine kinase activity induces a retraction of these projections. Such unexpected cell motility may reflect a novel mechanism by which specialized epithelial cells sample the luminal environment.
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32
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Deán-Ben XL, Ford SJ, Razansky D. High-frame rate four dimensional optoacoustic tomography enables visualization of cardiovascular dynamics and mouse heart perfusion. Sci Rep 2015; 5:10133. [PMID: 26130401 PMCID: PMC4486932 DOI: 10.1038/srep10133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Functional imaging of mouse models of cardiac health and disease provides a major contribution to our fundamental understanding of the mammalian heart. However, imaging murine hearts presents significant challenges due to their small size and rapid heart rate. Here we demonstrate the feasibility of high-frame-rate, noninvasive optoacoustic imaging of the murine heart. The temporal resolution of 50 three-dimensional frames per second provides functional information at important phases of the cardiac cycle without the use of gating or other motion-reduction methods. Differentiation of the blood oxygenation state in the heart chambers was enabled by exploiting the wavelength dependence of optoacoustic signals. Real-time volumetric tracking of blood perfusion in the cardiac chambers was also evaluated using indocyanine green. Taken together, the newly-discovered capacities offer a unique tool set for in-vivo structural and functional imaging of the whole heart with high spatio-temporal resolution in all three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xosé Luís Deán-Ben
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraβe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Steven James Ford
- Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraβe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Daniel Razansky
- 1] Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging (IBMI), Helmholtz Center Munich, Ingolstädter Landstraβe 1, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany [2] Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Straβe 22, 81675 Munich, Germany
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33
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Vinegoni C, Lee S, Aguirre AD, Weissleder R. New techniques for motion-artifact-free in vivo cardiac microscopy. Front Physiol 2015; 6:147. [PMID: 26029116 PMCID: PMC4428079 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2015.00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Intravital imaging microscopy (i.e., imaging in live animals at microscopic resolution) has become an indispensable tool for studying the cellular micro-dynamics in cancer, immunology and neurobiology. High spatial and temporal resolution, combined with large penetration depth and multi-reporter visualization capability make fluorescence intravital microscopy compelling for heart imaging. However, tissue motion caused by cardiac contraction and respiration critically limits its use. As a result, in vitro cell preparations or non-contracting explanted heart models are more commonly employed. Unfortunately, these approaches fall short of understanding the more complex host physiology that may be dynamic and occur over longer periods of time. In this review, we report on novel technologies, which have been recently developed by our group and others, aimed at overcoming motion-induced artifacts and capable of providing in vivo subcellular resolution imaging in the beating mouse heart. The methods are based on mechanical stabilization, image processing algorithms, gated/triggered acquisition schemes or a combination of both. We expect that in the immediate future all these methodologies will have considerable applications in expanding our understanding of the cardiac biology, elucidating cardiomyocyte function and interactions within the organism in vivo, and ultimately improving the treatment of cardiac diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Vinegoni
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sungon Lee
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA ; School of Electrical Engineering, Hanyang University Ansan, South Korea
| | - Aaron D Aguirre
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
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34
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Sherlock B, Warren S, Stone J, Neil M, Paterson C, Knight J, French P, Dunsby C. Fibre-coupled multiphoton microscope with adaptive motion compensation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2015; 6:1876-1884. [PMID: 26137387 PMCID: PMC4467716 DOI: 10.1364/boe.6.001876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
To address the challenge of sample motion during in vivo imaging, we present a fibre-coupled multiphoton microscope with active axial motion compensation. The position of the sample surface is measured using optical coherence tomography and fed back to a piezo actuator that adjusts the axial location of the objective to compensate for sample motion. We characterise the system's performance and demonstrate that it can compensate for axial sample velocities up to 700 µm/s. Finally we illustrate the impact of motion compensation when imaging multiphoton excited autofluorescence in ex vivo mouse skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Sherlock
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
| | - Sean Warren
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
| | - James Stone
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY,
UK
| | - Mark Neil
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
| | - Carl Paterson
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
| | - Jonathan Knight
- Department of Physics, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY,
UK
| | - Paul French
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
| | - Chris Dunsby
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
- Centre for Histopathology, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ,
UK
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35
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Thunemann M, Schmidt K, de Wit C, Han X, Jain RK, Fukumura D, Feil R. Correlative intravital imaging of cGMP signals and vasodilation in mice. Front Physiol 2014; 5:394. [PMID: 25352809 PMCID: PMC4196583 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2014.00394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2014] [Accepted: 09/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is an important signaling molecule and drug target in the cardiovascular system. It is well known that stimulation of the vascular nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP pathway results in vasodilation. However, the spatiotemporal dynamics of cGMP signals themselves and the cGMP concentrations within specific cardiovascular cell types in health, disease, and during pharmacotherapy with cGMP-elevating drugs are largely unknown. To facilitate the analysis of cGMP signaling in vivo, we have generated transgenic mice that express fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET)-based cGMP sensor proteins. Here, we describe two models of intravital FRET/cGMP imaging in the vasculature of cGMP sensor mice: (1) epifluorescence-based ratio imaging in resistance-type vessels of the cremaster muscle and (2) ratio imaging by multiphoton microscopy within the walls of subcutaneous blood vessels accessed through a dorsal skinfold chamber. Both methods allow simultaneous monitoring of NO-induced cGMP transients and vasodilation in living mice. Detailed protocols of all steps necessary to perform and evaluate intravital imaging experiments of the vasculature of anesthetized mice including surgery, imaging, and data evaluation are provided. An image segmentation approach is described to estimate FRET/cGMP changes within moving structures such as the vessel wall during vasodilation. The methods presented herein should be useful to visualize cGMP or other biochemical signals that are detectable with FRET-based biosensors, such as cyclic adenosine monophosphate or Ca2+, and to correlate them with respective vascular responses. With further refinement and combination of transgenic mouse models and intravital imaging technologies, we envision an exciting future, in which we are able to “watch” biochemistry, (patho-)physiology, and pharmacotherapy in the context of a living mammalian organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Thunemann
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Cor de Wit
- Institut für Physiologie, Universität zu Lübeck Lübeck, Germany
| | - Xiaoxing Han
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Rakesh K Jain
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dai Fukumura
- Edwin L. Steele Laboratory, Department of Radiation Oncology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert Feil
- Interfakultäres Institut für Biochemie, University of Tübingen Tübingen, Germany
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36
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Alieva M, Ritsma L, Giedt RJ, Weissleder R, van Rheenen J. Imaging windows for long-term intravital imaging: General overview and technical insights. INTRAVITAL 2014; 3:e29917. [PMID: 28243510 PMCID: PMC5312719 DOI: 10.4161/intv.29917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Intravital microscopy is increasingly used to visualize and quantitate dynamic biological processes at the (sub)cellular level in live animals. By visualizing tissues through imaging windows, individual cells (e.g., cancer, host, or stem cells) can be tracked and studied over a time-span of days to months. Several imaging windows have been developed to access tissues including the brain, superficial fascia, mammary glands, liver, kidney, pancreas, and small intestine among others. Here, we review the development of imaging windows and compare the most commonly used long-term imaging windows for cancer biology: the cranial imaging window, the dorsal skin fold chamber, the mammary imaging window, and the abdominal imaging window. Moreover, we provide technical details, considerations, and trouble-shooting tips on the surgical procedures and microscopy setups for each imaging window and explain different strategies to assure imaging of the same area over multiple imaging sessions. This review aims to be a useful resource for establishing the long-term intravital imaging procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alieva
- Cancer Genomics Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Centre Utrecht; CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Laila Ritsma
- Center for Cancer Research and Center for Regenerative Medicine; Massachusetts General Hospital; Richard B. Simches Research Center; Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA USA; Broad Institute of Harvard and Massachusetts Institute for Technology; Cambridge, MA USA
| | - Randy J Giedt
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Richard B. Simches Research Center; Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA USA
| | - Ralph Weissleder
- Center for Systems Biology; Massachusetts General Hospital; Richard B. Simches Research Center; Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA USA; Department of Systems Biology; Harvard Medical School; Boston, MA USA
| | - Jacco van Rheenen
- Cancer Genomics Netherlands; Hubrecht Institute-KNAW and University Medical Centre Utrecht; CT Utrecht, The Netherlands
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