1
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Kudryavtseva V, Otero M, Zhang J, Bukatin A, Gould D, Sukhorukov GB. Drug-Eluting Sandwich Hydrogel Lenses Based on Microchamber Film Drug Encapsulation. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2023; 3:256-265. [PMID: 37360846 PMCID: PMC10288497 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.2c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Corticosteroids are widely used as an anti-inflammatory treatment for eye inflammation, but the current methods used in clinical practice for delivery are in the form of eye drops which is usually complicated for patients or ineffective. This results in an increase in the risk of detrimental side effects. In this study, we demonstrated proof-of-concept research for the development of a contact lens-based delivery system. The sandwich hydrogel contact lens consists of a polymer microchamber film made via soft lithography with an encapsulated corticosteroid, in this case, dexamethasone, located inside the contact lens. The developed delivery system showed sustained and controlled release of the drug. The central visual part of the lenses was cleared from the polylactic acid microchamber in order to maintain a clean central aperture similar to the cosmetic-colored hydrogel contact lenses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeriya Kudryavtseva
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
- National
Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, 30 Lenin Avenue, Tomsk 634050, Russian
Federation
| | - Mariana Otero
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
| | - Jiaxin Zhang
- Biochemical
Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - Anton Bukatin
- Alferov
Saint Petersburg National Research Academic University of the Russian
Academy of Sciences, 8/3A Khlopina str., Saint Petersburg 194021, Russian
Federation
- Institute
for Analytical Instrumentation of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 31-33 A, Ivana Chernykh str., Saint Petersburg 198095, Russia
| | - David Gould
- Biochemical
Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, U.K.
| | - Gleb B. Sukhorukov
- School
of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen
Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, U.K.
- Skolkovo
Institute of Science and Technology, Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1, Moscow 121205, Russian
Federation
- Siberian
State Medical University, Moskovskiy Trakt, 2, Tomsk 634050, Russian Federation
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2
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Dols-Perez A, Fornaguera C, Feiner-Gracia N, Grijalvo S, Solans C, Gomila G. Effect of surface functionalization and loading on the mechanical properties of soft polymeric nanoparticles prepared by nano-emulsion templating. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 222:113019. [PMID: 36435028 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.113019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Drug and gene delivery systems based on polymeric nanoparticles offer a greater efficacy and a reduced toxicity compared to traditional formulations. Recent studies have evidenced that their internalization, biodistribution and efficacy can be affected, among other factors, by their mechanical properties. Here, we analyze by means of Atomic Force Microscopy force spectroscopy how composition, surface functionalization and loading affect the mechanics of nanoparticles. For this purpose, nanoparticles made of Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) (PLGA) and Ethyl cellulose (EC) with different functionalizations and loading were prepared by nano-emulsion templating using the Phase Inversion Composition method (PIC) to form the nano-emulsions. A multiparametric nanomechanical study involving the determination of the Young's modulus, maximum deformation and breakthrough force was carried out. The obtained results showed that composition, surface functionalization and loading affect the nanomechanical properties in a different way, thus requiring, in general, to consider the overall mechanical properties after the addition of a functionalization or loading. A graphical representation method has been proposed enabling to easily identify mechanically equivalent formulations, which is expected to be useful in the development of soft polymeric nanoparticles for pre-clinical and clinical use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurora Dols-Perez
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), C/ Balidiri i Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Departament of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Cristina Fornaguera
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain; Grup d'Enginyeria de Materials (Gemat) - Institut Químic de Sarrià (IQS) - Universitat Ramon Llull (URL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Natalia Feiner-Gracia
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Santiago Grijalvo
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Conxita Solans
- Institute of Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC), C/Jordi Girona 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain; Biomedical Research Networking Center in Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Spain
| | - Gabriel Gomila
- Institut de Bioenginyeria de Catalunya (IBEC), C/ Balidiri i Reixac 15-21, 08028 Barcelona, Spain; Departament of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, Universitat de Barcelona, C/ Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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3
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Li J, Parakhonskiy BV, Skirtach AG. A decade of developing applications exploiting the properties of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:807-835. [PMID: 36472384 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc04806j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Transferring the layer-by-layer (LbL) coating approach from planar surfaces to spherical templates and subsequently dissolving these templates leads to the fabrication of polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules. The versatility of the coatings of capsules and their flexibility upon bringing in virtually any material into the coatings has quickly drawn substantial attention. Here, we provide an overview of the main developments in this field, highlighting the trends in the last decade. In the beginning, various methods of encapsulation and release are discussed followed by a broad range of applications, which were developed and explored. We also outline the current trends, where the range of applications is continuing to grow, including addition of whole new and different application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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4
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Eskhan A, Johnson D. Microscale characterization of abiotic surfaces and prediction of their biofouling/anti-biofouling potential using the AFM colloidal probe technique. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 310:102796. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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5
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Liu Y, Li Y, Xue G, Cao W, Zhang Z, Wang C, Li X. Shape switching of CaCO 3-templated nanorods into stiffness-adjustable nanocapsules to promote efficient drug delivery. Acta Biomater 2021; 128:474-485. [PMID: 33878478 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Geometry and mechanical property have emerged as important parameters in designing nanocarriers, in addition to their size, surface charge, and hydrophilicity. However, inconsistent and even contradictory demands regarding the shape and stiffness of nanoparticles have been noted in blood circulation, tumor accumulation, and tumor cell internalization. Herein, CaCO3 nanorods (NRs) with an aspect ratio of around 2.4 are assembled with hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogel layers to prepare CaCO3@HA NRs. The rod geometry enables lower recognition by macrophages and higher extravasation into tumor tissues than the spherical counterpart. In response to the slightly acidic tumor matrix, the acid-labile removal of CaCO3 templates achieves shape switching into spherical HA nanocapsules (NCs). The shape switchable CaCO3@HA NRs show significantly higher uptake and cytotoxicities to 4T1 cells than CaCO3-Si@HA NRs with silica layers on CaCO3 cores to inhibit shape switching. In addition, HA NCs with 2 - 8 layers of HA hydrogels exhibit stiffness from 1.85 to 12.3 N/m, and the assembly of 4 layers shows 2- to 3-fold higher cellular uptake than those of other NCs. The shape shift satisfies long-term blood circulation of NRs, and the resulting stiffness-adjustable NCs promote tissue infiltration and intracellular accommodation, resulting in a 4-fold higher drug accumulation in tumors. The CaCO3@HA NR treatment significantly suppresses tumor growth; prolongs animal survival; inhibits lung metastasis; and eliminates systemic toxicities to blood, liver, kidney, and heart tissues. This study achieves a comprehensive understanding of the shape and stiffness effects and demonstrates a hierarchical targeting strategy to address the multiple delivery barriers for chemotherapeutic agents. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The different barriers involved in the drug delivery pathway have inconsistent and even contradictory demands on the shape and stiffness of nanoparticles. In the current study, in situ switching of nanorods (NRs) into spherical nanocapsules (NCs) in tumor tissues is proposed to address these dilemmas. The NR shape ensures long-term blood circulation and high tumor tissue accumulation, while the in situ switching into NCs promotes tissue infiltration and cellular internalization. NCs with different numbers of hydrogel layers also provide a robust system wherein NC stiffness is controlled as a single variable to study stiffness-dependent cellular behaviors. Thus, this straightforward design offers a comprehensive understanding of how the shape and stiffness of nanocarriers affect their biological pathways.
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6
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Van der Meeren L, Li J, Konrad M, Skirtach AG, Volodkin D, Parakhonskiy BV. Temperature Window for Encapsulation of an Enzyme into Thermally Shrunk, CaCO
3
Templated Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Capsules. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000081. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jie Li
- Department of BiotechnologyGhent University Ghent 9000 Belgium
| | - Manfred Konrad
- Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry Göttingen 37077 Germany
| | | | - Dmitry Volodkin
- School of Science and TechnologyNottingham Trent University Nottingham NG11 8NS UK
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7
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Novoselova MV, Loh HM, Trushina DB, Ketkar A, Abakumova TO, Zatsepin TS, Kakran M, Brzozowska AM, Lau HH, Gorin DA, Antipina MN, Brichkina AI. Biodegradable Polymeric Multilayer Capsules for Therapy of Lung Cancer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:5610-5623. [PMID: 31942802 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Formulated forms of cancer therapeutics enhance the efficacy of treatment by more precise targeting, increased bioavailability of drugs, and an aptitude of some delivery systems to overcome multiple drug resistance of tumors. Drug carriers acquire importance for anti-cancer interventions via targeting tumor-associated macrophages with active molecules capable to either eliminate them or change their polarity. Although several packaged drug forms have reached the market, there is still a high demand for novel carrier systems to hurdle limitations of existing drugs on active molecules, toxicity, bioeffect, and stability. Here, we report a facile assembly and delivery methodology for biodegradable polymeric multilayer capsules (PMC) with the purpose of further use in injectable drug formulations for lung cancer therapy via direct erosion of tumors and suppression of the tumor-promoting function of macrophages in the tumor microenvironment. We demonstrate delivery of low-molecular-weight drug molecules to lung cancer cells and macrophages and provide details on in vivo distribution, cellular uptake, and disintegration of the developed PMC. Poly-l-arginine and dextran sulfate alternately adsorb on a ∼500 nm CaCO3 sacrificial template followed by removal of the inorganic core to obtain hollow capsules for consequent loading with drug molecules, gemcitabine or clodronate. The capsules further compacted upon loading down to ∼250 nm in diameter via heat treatment. A comparative study of the capsule internalization rate in vitro and in vivo reveals the benefits of a diminished carrier size. We show that macrophages and epithelial cells of the lungs and liver internalize capsules with efficacy higher than 75%. Using an in vivo mouse model of lung cancer, we also confirm that tumor lungs better retain smaller capsules than the healthy lung tissue. The pronounced cytotoxic effect of the encapsulated gemcitabine on lung cancer cells and the ability of the encapsulated clodronate to block the tumor-promoting function of macrophages prove the efficacy of the developed capsule loading method in vitro. Our study taken as a whole demonstrates the great potential of the developed PMC for in vivo treatment of cancer via transporting active molecules, including those that are water-soluble with low molecular weight, to both cancer cells and macrophages through the bloodstream.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina V Novoselova
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR , 2 Fusionopolis Way , Innovis, #08-03, Singapore , 138634 , Singapore
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology , Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1 , Moscow 121205 , Russia
| | - Hui Mun Loh
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR , 61 Biopolis Drive , Proteos, Singapore 138673 , Singapore
| | - Daria B Trushina
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR , 2 Fusionopolis Way , Innovis, #08-03, Singapore , 138634 , Singapore
- I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University , Bol'shaya Pirogovskaya Ulitsa 19c1 Moscow 119146 , Russia
- A.V. Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography of Federal Scientific Research Centre "Crystallography and Photonics" of Russian Academy of Sciences , Leninskiy Prospekt, 59 , Moscow 119333 , Russia
| | - Avanee Ketkar
- Institute of Molecular Oncology , Philipps University of Marburg , member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3 35043 Marburg , Germany
| | - Tatiana O Abakumova
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology , Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1 , Moscow 121205 , Russia
| | - Timofei S Zatsepin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology , Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1 , Moscow 121205 , Russia
| | - Mitali Kakran
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR , 2 Fusionopolis Way , Innovis, #08-03, Singapore , 138634 , Singapore
| | - Agata Maria Brzozowska
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR , 2 Fusionopolis Way , Innovis, #08-03, Singapore , 138634 , Singapore
| | - Hooi Hong Lau
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR , 2 Fusionopolis Way , Innovis, #08-03, Singapore , 138634 , Singapore
| | - Dmitry A Gorin
- Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology , Bolshoy Boulevard 30, bld. 1 , Moscow 121205 , Russia
| | - Maria N Antipina
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, A*STAR , 2 Fusionopolis Way , Innovis, #08-03, Singapore , 138634 , Singapore
| | - Anna I Brichkina
- Institute of Molecular and Cell Biology, A*STAR , 61 Biopolis Drive , Proteos, Singapore 138673 , Singapore
- Institute of Molecular Oncology , Philipps University of Marburg , member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Hans-Meerwein-Str. 3 35043 Marburg , Germany
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8
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Correa-Paz C, Navarro Poupard MF, Polo E, Rodríguez-Pérez M, Taboada P, Iglesias-Rey R, Hervella P, Sobrino T, Vivien D, Castillo J, del Pino P, Campos F, Pelaz B. In vivo ultrasound-activated delivery of recombinant tissue plasminogen activator from the cavity of sub-micrometric capsules. J Control Release 2019; 308:162-171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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9
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Parakhonskiy BV, Parak WJ, Volodkin D, Skirtach AG. Hybrids of Polymeric Capsules, Lipids, and Nanoparticles: Thermodynamics and Temperature Rise at the Nanoscale and Emerging Applications. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:8574-8583. [PMID: 30964686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of thermodynamics does not need to be emphasized. Indeed, elevated temperature processes govern not only industrial scale production but also self-assembly, chemical reaction, interaction between molecules, etc. Not surprisingly, biological processes typically take place at a specific temperature. Here, we look at possibilities to raise the localized temperature by a laser around noble-metal nanoparticles incorporated into shells of layer-by-layer polyelectrolyte microcapsules-freely suspended delivery vehicles in an aqueous solution, developed in the Department of Interfaces, Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, headed by Helmuth Möhwald. Understanding the mechanisms of localized temperature rise is essential, that is why we analyze the influence of incident intensity, nanoparticle size, their distribution and aggregation state, as well as thermodynamics at the nanoscale. This leads us to scrutinize "global" (used for thermal encapsulation) versus "local" (used for release of encapsulated materials) temperature rise. Similar analysis is extended to planar polymeric coatings, the lipid membrane system of vesicles and cells, on which nanoparticles are adsorbed. Insights are provided into the mechanisms of physicochemical and biological effects, the nature of which has always been profoundly, interactively, and engagingly discussed in the Department of Interfaces. This analysis is combined with recent developments providing outlook and highlighting a broad range of emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Center for Hybrid Nanostructures (CHyN), Fachberich Physik , University of Hamburg , D-22761 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Dmitry Volodkin
- School Science & Technology , Nottingham Trent University , Clifton Lane, Nottingham NG11 8NS , United Kingdom
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Nano-BioTechnology Group, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering , Ghent University , 9000 Ghent , Belgium
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10
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Doxorubicin-loaded biodegradable capsules: Temperature induced shrinking and study of cytotoxicity in vitro. J Mol Liq 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2019.03.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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11
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Zyuzin MV, Timin AS, Sukhorukov GB. Multilayer Capsules Inside Biological Systems: State-of-the-Art and Open Challenges. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:4747-4762. [PMID: 30840473 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b04280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
There are many reports about the interaction of multilayer capsules with biological systems in the literature. A majority of them are devoted to the in vitro study with two-dimensional cell cultures. Multilayer capsule fabrication had been under intensive investigation from 1990s and 2000s by Prof. Helmuth Möhwald, and many of his followers further developed their own research directions, focusing on capsule implementation in various fields of biology and medicine. The aim of this future article is to consistently consider the most recent advances in cell-capsule interactions for different biomedical applications, including functionalization of clinically relevant cells, nonviral gene delivery, magnetization of cells to control their movement, and in vivo drug delivery. Finally, the description and discussion of the new trends and perspectives for improved functionalities of capsules in design and functionalization of cell-assisted drug vehicles are the major topics of this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Faculty of Physics and Engineering , ITMO University , Lomonosova 9 , 191002 St. Petersburg , Russia
| | - Alexander S Timin
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University , Lenin Avenue, 30 , 634050 Tomsk , Russian Federation
- First I. P. Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg , Lev Tolstoy Street, 6/8 , 197022 St. Petersburg , Russian Federation
| | - Gleb B Sukhorukov
- National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University , Lenin Avenue, 30 , 634050 Tomsk , Russian Federation
- School of Engineering and Materials Science , Queen Mary University of London , Mile End Road , E1 4NS London , U.K
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12
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Chen Y, Sukhorukov GB, Novak P. Visualising nanoscale restructuring of a cellular membrane triggered by polyelectrolyte microcapsules. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:16902-16910. [PMID: 30176032 PMCID: PMC6137606 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr03870h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based multilayer microencapsulation technology represents one of the promising strategies for intracellular drug delivery, however, membrane processes involved in vehicle internalisation are not fully understood. Here we employed a scanning probe microscopy technique called Scanning Ion Conductance Microscopy (SICM) to study these complex processes at nanoscale resolution in real time. We were able to image topography simultaneously with local elastic modulus throughout the whole course of microcapsule internalisation in A549 cell culture without disrupting the internalisation process. The imaging revealed that capsules triggered the formation of membrane protrusions in their vicinity, which is an important but not a sufficient step towards full capsule internalisation. A crucial aspect appeared to be nanoscale restructuring of these protrusions into smooth thin layers extending over the surface of capsules. Simultaneous mapping of elastic modulus during capsule internalisation allowed monitoring the structural changes during extension of the membrane sheets over the surface of the capsule and the subsequent post-internalisation phenomenon of capsule buckling. To our knowledge these are the first experimental data capturing the interactions between the cellular membrane and microcapsules in their whole complexity with nanoscale resolution. The methodology established here has the potential to provide new insights into interactions at the interface between the nanostructured materials and cellular membrane under physiological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiu Chen
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
, Queen Mary University of London
,
Mile End Road
, London E1 4NS
, UK
.
;
| | - Gleb B. Sukhorukov
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
, Queen Mary University of London
,
Mile End Road
, London E1 4NS
, UK
.
;
| | - Pavel Novak
- School of Engineering and Materials Science
, Queen Mary University of London
,
Mile End Road
, London E1 4NS
, UK
.
;
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13
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Saveleva MS, Lengert EV, Gorin DA, Parakhonskiy BV, Skirtach AG. Polymeric and Lipid Membranes-From Spheres to Flat Membranes and vice versa. MEMBRANES 2017; 7:E44. [PMID: 28809796 PMCID: PMC5618129 DOI: 10.3390/membranes7030044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2017] [Revised: 07/24/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Membranes are important components in a number of systems, where separation and control of the flow of molecules is desirable. Controllable membranes represent an even more coveted and desirable entity and their development is considered to be the next step of development. Typically, membranes are considered on flat surfaces, but spherical capsules possess a perfect "infinite" or fully suspended membranes. Similarities and transitions between spherical and flat membranes are discussed, while applications of membranes are also emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia S Saveleva
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina V Lengert
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
- Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia.
| | - Dmitry A Gorin
- Educational Research Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Astrakhanskaya 83, 410012 Saratov, Russia.
| | - Bogdan V Parakhonskiy
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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14
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Hansen CE, Myers DR, Baldwin WH, Sakurai Y, Meeks SL, Lyon LA, Lam WA. Platelet-Microcapsule Hybrids Leverage Contractile Force for Targeted Delivery of Hemostatic Agents. ACS NANO 2017; 11:5579-5589. [PMID: 28541681 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b00929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
We report a cell-mediated, targeted drug delivery system utilizing polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules that hybridize with the patient's own platelets upon intravenous administration. The hybridized platelets function as the sensor and actuator for targeted drug delivery and controlled release in our system. These capsules are biochemically and mechanically tuned to enable platelet adhesion and capsule rupture upon platelet activation and contraction, enabling the targeted and controlled "burst" release of an encapsulated biotherapeutic. As platelets are the "first responders" in the blood clot formation process, this platelet-hybridized system is ideal for the targeted delivery of clot-augmenting biotherapeutics wherein immediate therapeutic efficacy is required. As proof-of-concept, we tailored this system to deliver the pro-clotting biotherapeutic factor VIII for hemophilia A patients that have developed inhibitory antifactor VIII antibodies. The polyelectrolyte multilayer capsules physically shield the encapsulated factor VIII from the patient's inhibitors during circulation, preserving its bioactivity until it is delivered at the target site via platelet contractile force. Using an in vitro microfluidic vascular injury model with factor VIII-inhibited blood, we demonstrate a 3.8× increase in induced fibrin formation using capsules loaded with factor VIII at a concentration an order of magnitude lower than that used in systemic delivery. We further demonstrate that clot formation occurs 18 min faster when factor VIII loaded capsules are used compared to systemic delivery at the same concentration. Because platelets are integral in the pathophysiology of thrombotic disorders, cancer, and innate immunity, this paradigm-shifting smart drug delivery system can be similarly applied to these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline E Hansen
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - David R Myers
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - W Hunter Baldwin
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Yumiko Sakurai
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
| | - Shannon L Meeks
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - L Andrew Lyon
- Schmid College of Science and Technology, Chapman University , Orange, California 92866, United States
| | - Wilbur A Lam
- Aflac Cancer and Blood Disorders Center, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Healthcare of Atlanta/Emory University School of Medicine , Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University , Atlanta, Georgia 30332, United States
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15
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Zhou L, Cai M, Tong T, Wang H. Progress in the Correlative Atomic Force Microscopy and Optical Microscopy. SENSORS 2017; 17:s17040938. [PMID: 28441775 PMCID: PMC5426934 DOI: 10.3390/s17040938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2017] [Revised: 04/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Atomic force microscopy (AFM) has evolved from the originally morphological imaging technique to a powerful and multifunctional technique for manipulating and detecting the interactions between molecules at nanometer resolution. However, AFM cannot provide the precise information of synchronized molecular groups and has many shortcomings in the aspects of determining the mechanism of the interactions and the elaborate structure due to the limitations of the technology, itself, such as non-specificity and low imaging speed. To overcome the technical limitations, it is necessary to combine AFM with other complementary techniques, such as fluorescence microscopy. The combination of several complementary techniques in one instrument has increasingly become a vital approach to investigate the details of the interactions among molecules and molecular dynamics. In this review, we reported the principles of AFM and optical microscopy, such as confocal microscopy and single-molecule localization microscopy, and focused on the development and use of correlative AFM and optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Mingjun Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
| | - Ti Tong
- The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, China.
| | - Hongda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China.
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16
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Garapaty A, Champion JA. Tunable particles alter macrophage uptake based on combinatorial effects of physical properties. Bioeng Transl Med 2017; 2:92-101. [PMID: 29313025 PMCID: PMC5689517 DOI: 10.1002/btm2.10047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2016] [Revised: 11/04/2016] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to tune phagocytosis of particle-based therapeutics by macrophages can enhance their delivery to macrophages or reduce their phagocytic susceptibility for delivery to non-phagocytic cells. Since phagocytosis is affected by the physical and chemical properties of particles, it is crucial to identify any interplay between physical properties of particles in altering phagocytic interactions. The combinatorial effect of physical properties size, shape and stiffness was investigated on Fc receptor mediated macrophage interactions by fabrication of layer-by-layer tunable particles of constant surface chemistry. Our results highlight how changing particle stiffness affects phagocytic interaction intricately when combined with varying size or shape. Increase in size plays a dominant role over reduction in stiffness in reducing internalization by macrophages for spherical particles. Internalization of rod-shaped, but not spherical particles, was highly dependent on stiffness. These particles demonstrate the interplay between size, shape and stiffness in interactions of Fc-functionalized particles with macrophages during phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Garapaty
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332
| | - Julie A. Champion
- School of Chemical & Biomolecular EngineeringGeorgia Institute of TechnologyAtlantaGA30332
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17
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Chen X, Cui J, Ping Y, Suma T, Cavalieri F, Besford QA, Chen G, Braunger JA, Caruso F. Probing cell internalisation mechanics with polymer capsules. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:17096-17101. [PMID: 27722612 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr06657g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
We report polymer capsule-based probes for quantifying the pressure exerted by cells during capsule internalisation (Pin). Poly(methacrylic acid) (PMA) capsules with tuneable mechanical properties were fabricated through layer-by-layer assembly. The Pin was quantified by correlating the cell-induced deformation with the ex situ osmotically induced deformation of the polymer capsules. Ultimately, we found that human monocyte-derived macrophage THP-1 cells exerted up to approximately 360 kPa on the capsules during internalisation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Jiwei Cui
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Yuan Ping
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Tomoya Suma
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Francesca Cavalieri
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Quinn A Besford
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - George Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Julia A Braunger
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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18
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Chen X, Cui J, Sun H, Müllner M, Yan Y, Noi KF, Ping Y, Caruso F. Analysing intracellular deformation of polymer capsules using structured illumination microscopy. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:11924-31. [PMID: 27241620 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr02151d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the behaviour of therapeutic carriers is important in elucidating their mechanism of action and how they are processed inside cells. Herein we examine the intracellular deformation of layer-by-layer assembled polymer capsules using super-resolution structured illumination microscopy (SIM). Spherical- and cylindrical-shaped capsules were studied in three different cell lines, namely HeLa (human epithelial cell line), RAW264.7 (mouse macrophage cell line) and differentiated THP-1 (human monocyte-derived macrophage cell line). We observed that the deformation of capsules was dependent on cell line, but independent of capsule shape. This suggests that the mechanical forces, which induce capsule deformation during cell uptake, vary between cell lines, indicating that the capsules are exposed to higher mechanical forces in HeLa cells, followed by RAW264.7 and then differentiated THP-1 cells. Our study demonstrates the use of super-resolution SIM in analysing intracellular capsule deformation, offering important insights into the cellular processing of drug carriers in cells and providing fundamental knowledge of intracellular mechanobiology. Furthermore, this study may aid in the design of novel drug carriers that are sensitive to deformation for enhanced drug release properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Chen
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Jiwei Cui
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Huanli Sun
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Markus Müllner
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Yan Yan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Ka Fung Noi
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Yuan Ping
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology, and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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19
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Rajamanickam R, Baek S, Gwon K, Hwang Y, Shin K, Tae G. Mechanical stimuli responsive and highly elastic biopolymer/nanoparticle hybrid microcapsules for controlled release. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4278-4286. [PMID: 32263409 DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00410e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mechanical stimulus is one of the universally accessible physical ways of triggering the drug release from their carriers. Hollow microcapsules made of polyelectrolyte multilayers by conventional methods are not elastic enough to respond to a large and repetitive mechanical deformation. Here, hybrid hollow capsules comprising alternating layers of inorganic colloidal particles and biopolymers were prepared by the layer-by-layer approach followed by freezing-assisted crosslinking of polymer layers. The size of the capsule was controllable by the size of sacrificial cores. These hybrid capsules were mechanically more stable and recover faster than polyelectrolyte capsules, and could be recovered elastically even after large and repetitive deformation up to 98% relative to their original dimensions. Drugs in a wide range of molecular weight up to 70 kDa Mw could be loaded into the hollow hybrid microcapsules and the release of loaded contents from these hybrid capsules could be controlled through the deformation by applying a weak force such as a finger pressing on them. Mechanical stimuli-responsive delivery of model drugs was demonstrated on a monolayer of these hybrid capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Rajamanickam
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, 123 Cheomdangwagi-ro, Buk-gu, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea.
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20
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del Mercato LL, Guerra F, Lazzari G, Nobile C, Bucci C, Rinaldi R. Biocompatible multilayer capsules engineered with a graphene oxide derivative: synthesis, characterization and cellular uptake. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:7501-12. [PMID: 26892453 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07665j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Graphene-based capsules have strong potential for a number of applications, including drug/gene delivery, tissue engineering, sensors, catalysis and reactors. The ability to integrate graphene into carrier systems with three-dimensional (3D) geometry may open new perspectives both for fundamental tests of graphene mechanics and for novel (bio)technological applications. However, the assembly of 3D complexes from graphene or its derivatives is challenging because of its poor stability under biological conditions. In this work, we attempted to integrate a layer of graphene oxide derivative into the shell of biodegradable capsules by exploiting a facile layer-by-layer (LbL) protocol. As a first step we optimized the LbL protocol to obtain colloidal suspensions of isolated capsules embedding the graphene oxide derivative. As a following step, we investigated in detail the morphological properties of the hybrid capsules, and how the graphene oxide derivative layer influences the porosity and the robustness of the multilayer composite shells. Finally, we verified the uptake of the capsules modified with the GO derivative by two cell lines and studied their intracellular localization and biocompatibility. As compared to pristine capsules, the graphene-modified capsules possess reduced porosity, reduced shell thickness and a higher stability against osmotic pressure. They show remarkable biocompatibility towards the tested cells and long-term colloidal stability and dispersion. By combining the excellent mechanical properties of a graphene oxide derivative with the high versatility of the LbL method, robust and flexible biocompatible polymeric capsules with novel characteristics have been fabricated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loretta L del Mercato
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Flora Guerra
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Gianpiero Lazzari
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT), via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Concetta Nobile
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology c/o Campus Ecotekne, Via Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | - Rosaria Rinaldi
- Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, Euromediterranean Center for Nanomaterial Modelling and Technology (ECMT), via Arnesano, 73100, Lecce, Italy and Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento, Campus Universitario Ecotekne, Via Lecce-Monteroni, 73047, Monteroni di Lecce, Italy
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21
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Sanchez-Rodriguez SP, Sauer JP, Stanley SA, Qian X, Gottesdiener A, Friedman JM, Dordick JS. Plasmonic activation of gold nanorods for remote stimulation of calcium signaling and protein expression in HEK 293T cells. Biotechnol Bioeng 2016; 113:2228-40. [PMID: 27563853 DOI: 10.1002/bit.25984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2015] [Revised: 02/17/2016] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Remote activation of specific cells of a heterogeneous population can provide a useful research tool for clinical and therapeutic applications. Here, we demonstrate that photostimulation of gold nanorods (AuNRs) using a tunable near-infrared (NIR) laser at specific longitudinal surface plasmon resonance wavelengths can induce the selective and temporal internalization of calcium in HEK 293T cells. Biotin-PEG-Au nanorods coated with streptavidin Alexa Fluor-633 and biotinylated anti-His antibodies were used to decorate cells genetically modified with His-tagged TRPV1 temperature-sensitive ion channel and AuNRs conjugated to biotinylated RGD peptide were used to decorate integrins in unmodified cells. Plasmonic activation can be stimulated at weak laser power (0.7-4.0 W/cm(2) ) without causing cell damage. Selective activation of TRPV1 channels could be controlled by laser power between 1.0 and 1.5 W/cm(2) . Integrin targeting robustly stimulated calcium signaling due to a dense cellular distribution of nanoparticles. Such an approach represents a functional tool for combinatorial activation of cell signaling in heterogeneous cell populations. Our results suggest that it is possible to induce cell activation via NIR-induced gold nanorod heating through the selective targeting of membrane proteins in unmodified cells to produce calcium signaling and downstream expression of specific genes with significant relevance for both in vitro and therapeutic applications. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2016;113: 2228-2240. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra P Sanchez-Rodriguez
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 12180
| | - Jeremy P Sauer
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 12180
| | - Sarah A Stanley
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York, New York, 10065
| | - Xi Qian
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 12180
| | - Andrew Gottesdiener
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York, New York, 10065.,Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York
| | - Jeffrey M Friedman
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Rockefeller University, 1230 York Ave, New York, New York, 10065.
| | - Jonathan S Dordick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, and Center for Biotechnology and Interdisciplinary Studies, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 12180. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 12180. .,Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Biological Sciences, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York, 12180.
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22
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Synthesis of multifunctional bovine serum albumin microcapsules by the sonochemical method for targeted drug delivery and controlled drug release. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2015; 136:470-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2015.09.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2015] [Revised: 09/02/2015] [Accepted: 09/27/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Sun H, Björnmalm M, Cui J, Wong EHH, Dai Y, Dai Q, Qiao GG, Caruso F. Structure Governs the Deformability of Polymer Particles in a Microfluidic Blood Capillary Model. ACS Macro Lett 2015; 4:1205-1209. [PMID: 35614837 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.5b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Particle stiffness is a design parameter that affects bionano interactions, including biodistribution kinetics and cellular processing. Herein, we develop soft polysaccharide (hyaluronic acid, HA) replica particles and capsules with tunable stiffness and sizes similar to human red blood cells (RBCs) via atom transfer radical polymerization-mediated continuous assembly of polymers (CAPATRP) and investigate their stiffness and deformability using colloidal-probe atomic force microscopy (CP-AFM) and a microfluidic blood capillary model, respectively. We demonstrate that HA replica particles and capsules with comparable nanoscale stiffness exhibit significantly different behaviors in a microfluidic blood capillary model. HA capsules behaved as RBCs, while HA replica particles had difficulty passing through the capillaries. These results (i) demonstrate how flow-based deformability measurements can be used to complement nanoscale stiffness measurements and (ii) provide important insight into the role of particle structure on the flow-based deformability of soft replica particles and capsules in a physiologically relevant microfluidic model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanli Sun
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Mattias Björnmalm
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Jiwei Cui
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Edgar H. H. Wong
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yunlu Dai
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Qiong Dai
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Greg G. Qiao
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and ‡Department of Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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24
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Zheng G, Zheng H, Xie H, Liu X, Yu W, Ma X. The cause and influence of sequentially assembling higher and lower deacetylated chitosans on the membrane formation of microcapsule. J Biomed Mater Res A 2015; 104:257-63. [DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 08/26/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guoshuang Zheng
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Huizhen Zheng
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 China
| | - Hongguo Xie
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xiudong Liu
- College of Environment and Chemical Engineering; Dalian University, Dalian Economic Technological Development Zone; Dalian 116622 China
| | - Weiting Yu
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
| | - Xiaojun Ma
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering; Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences; Dalian 116023 China
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25
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Parakhonskiy B, Zyuzin MV, Yashchenok A, Carregal-Romero S, Rejman J, Möhwald H, Parak WJ, Skirtach AG. The influence of the size and aspect ratio of anisotropic, porous CaCO3 particles on their uptake by cells. J Nanobiotechnology 2015; 13:53. [PMID: 26337452 PMCID: PMC4558630 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-015-0111-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent reports highlighting the role of particle geometry have suggested that anisotropy can affect the rate and the pathway of particle uptake by cells. Therefore, we investigate the internalization by cells of porous calcium carbonate particles with different shapes and anisotropies. RESULTS We report here on a new method of the synthesis of polyelectrolyte coated calcium carbonate particles whose geometry was controlled by varying the mixing speed and time, pH value of the reaction solution, and ratio of the interacting salts used for particle formation. Uptake of spherical, cuboidal, ellipsoidal (with two different sizes) polyelectrolyte coated calcium carbonate particles was studied in cervical carcinoma cells. Quantitative data were obtained from the analysis of confocal laser scanning microscopy images. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the number of internalized calcium carbonate particles depends on the aspect ratio of the particle, whereby elongated particles (higher aspect ratio) are internalized with a higher frequency than more spherical particles (lower aspect ratio). The total volume of internalized particles scales with the volume of the individual particles, in case equal amount of particles were added per cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Parakhonskiy
- Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia.
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia.
| | - Mikhail V Zyuzin
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Alexey Yashchenok
- Institute of Nanostructures and Biosystems, Saratov State University, Saratov, Russia.
- Department of Interfaces, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
| | | | - Joanna Rejman
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Helmuth Möhwald
- Department of Interfaces, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Fachbereich Physik, Philipps University of Marburg, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Andre G Skirtach
- Department of Interfaces, Max-Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Potsdam, Germany.
- NanoBio-Photonics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.
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26
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De Luca M, Ferraro MM, Hartmann R, Rivera-Gil P, Klingl A, Nazarenus M, Ramirez A, Parak WJ, Bucci C, Rinaldi R, del Mercato LL. Advances in Use of Capsule-Based Fluorescent Sensors for Measuring Acidification of Endocytic Compartments in Cells with Altered Expression of V-ATPase Subunit V1G1. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:15052-60. [PMID: 26086317 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b04375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Acidification of eukaryotic cell compartments is accomplished by vacuolar H+-ATPases (V-ATPases), large multisubunit complexes able to pump protons into the lumen of organelles or in the extracellular medium. V-ATPases are involved in a number of physiological cellular processes, and thus regulation of V-ATPase activity is of crucial importance for the cell. Indeed, dysfunction of V-ATPase or alterations of acidification have been recently recognized as key factors in a variety of human diseases. In this study, we applied capsule-based pH sensors and a real-time tracking method for investigating the role of the V1G1 subunit of V-ATPases in regulating the activity of the proton pump. We first constructed stable cell lines overexpressing or silencing the subunit V1G1. Second, we used fluorescent capsule-based pH sensors to monitor acidification before and during internalization by modified and control living cells. By using a simple real-time method for tracking capsule internalization, we were able to identify different capsule acidification levels with respect to each analyzed cell and to establish the kinetics for each. The intracellular pH measurements indicate a delay in acidification in either V1G1-overexpressing or V1G1-silenced cells compared to controls. Finally, in an independent set of experiments, we applied transmission electron microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy to further investigate the internalization of the capsules. Both analyses confirm that capsules are engulfed in acidic vesicular structures in modified and control cell lines. The use of capsule-based pH sensors allowed demonstration of the importance of the V1G1 subunit in V-ATPase activity concerning intravesicular acidification. We believe that the combined use of these pH-sensor system and such a real-time method for tracking their internalization path would contribute to systematically measure the proton concentration changes inside the endocytic compartments in various cell systems. This approach would provide fundamental information regarding molecular mechanisms and factors that regulate intracellular acidification, vesicular trafficking, and cytoskeletal reorganizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria De Luca
- §Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
| | | | - Raimo Hartmann
- ⊥Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Pilar Rivera-Gil
- ⊥Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Klingl
- #LOEWE Centre for synthetic Microbiology (Synmikro) and Department of Cell Biology, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Strasse 8, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Moritz Nazarenus
- ⊥Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Agnese Ramirez
- ⊥Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037, Marburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang J Parak
- ⊥Fachbereich Physik, Philipps-Universität Marburg, Renthof 7, 35037, Marburg, Germany
- ||CIC biomaGUNE, Parque Tecnológico de San Sebastián, Ed. P° Miramón 182, 20009, San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Cecilia Bucci
- §Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali (DiSTeBA), Università del Salento, Via Monteroni, 73100, Lecce, Italy
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Sun H, Wong EHH, Yan Y, Cui J, Dai Q, Guo J, Qiao GG, Caruso F. The role of capsule stiffness on cellular processing. Chem Sci 2015; 6:3505-3514. [PMID: 28706710 PMCID: PMC5492901 DOI: 10.1039/c5sc00416k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Particle stiffness is emerging as an important parameter in determining the cell uptake dynamics of particles. Understanding the effects of capsule stiffness on their biological behavior is essential for the development of polymer capsules as therapeutic carriers. Herein, we report the preparation of polysaccharide capsules via atom transfer radical polymerization-mediated continuous assembly of polymers (CAPATRP) on silica templates using methacrylated hyaluronic acid (HA) as the macrocrosslinker. This approach affords HA capsules with controllable wall thickness and tunable stiffness. The influence of capsule stiffness on cellular interaction and intracellular distribution is systematically investigated using flow cytometry, imaging flow cytometry, and deconvolution microscopy. The softest HA capsules with a stiffness (γ) of 7.5 mN m-1 possess higher cell surface binding and cellular association when compared to stiffer capsules with γ of 17.6-28.9 mN m-1. Furthermore, the uptake of HA capsules is a stiffness-dependent process, with slower and less cellular internalization observed with increasing capsule stiffness. Nevertheless, regardless of the stiffness, all internalized capsules are deformed and located in the lysosomes. These findings offer insights into the influence of capsule stiffness on cellular interaction as well as intracellular fate, providing information for the design of rational polymer capsules for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanli Sun
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia .
| | - Edgar H H Wong
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia .
| | - Yan Yan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia .
| | - Jiwei Cui
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia .
| | - Qiong Dai
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia .
| | - Junling Guo
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia .
| | - Greg G Qiao
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia .
| | - Frank Caruso
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology , and the Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , The University of Melbourne , Parkville , Victoria 3010 , Australia .
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28
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Kuhn DA, Hartmann R, Fytianos K, Petri-Fink A, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Parak WJ. Cellular uptake and cell-to-cell transfer of polyelectrolyte microcapsules within a triple co-culture system representing parts of the respiratory tract. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2015; 16:034608. [PMID: 27877795 PMCID: PMC5099832 DOI: 10.1088/1468-6996/16/3/034608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2015] [Revised: 05/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Polyelectrolyte multilayer microcapsules around 3.4 micrometers in diameter were added to epithelial cells, monocyte-derived macrophages, and dendritic cells in vitro and their uptake kinetics were quantified. All three cell types were combined in a triple co-culture model, mimicking the human epithelial alveolar barrier. Hereby, macrophages were separated in a three-dimensional model from dendritic cells by a monolayer of epithelial cells. While passing of small nanoparticles has been demonstrated from macrophages to dendritic cells across the epithelial barrier in previous studies, for the micrometer-sized capsules, this process could not be observed in a significant amount. Thus, this barrier is a limiting factor for cell-to-cell transfer of micrometer-sized particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar A Kuhn
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Raimo Hartmann
- Department of Physics, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
| | | | - Alke Petri-Fink
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Université de Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | | | - Wolfgang J Parak
- Department of Physics, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg, Germany
- CIC Biomagune, San Sebastian, Spain
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29
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Abstract
Nanocapsules that can be tailored intelligently and specifically have drawn considerable attention in the fields of drug delivery and bioimaging. Here we conduct a theoretical study on cell uptake of a spherical nanocapsule which is modeled as a linear elastic solid thin shell in three dimensions. It is found that there exist five wrapping phases based on the stability of three wrapping states: no wrapping, partial wrapping and full wrapping. The wrapping phase diagrams are strongly dependent on the capsule size, adhesion energy, cell membrane tension, and bending rigidity ratio between the capsule and membrane. Discussion is made on similarities and differences between the cell uptake of solid nanocapsules and fluid vesicles. The reported results may have important implications for biomedical applications of nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- School of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
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30
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Li Z, Zhang C, Wang B, Wang H, Chen X, Möhwald H, Cui X. Sonochemical fabrication of dual-targeted redox-responsive smart microcarriers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:22166-22173. [PMID: 25478992 DOI: 10.1021/am5057097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, the molecular and magnetic dual-targeted redox-responsive folic acid-cysteine-Fe3O4 microcapsules (FA-Cys-Fe3O4 MCs) have been synthesized via the sonochemical technique, and targeting molecule (folic acid) and Fe3O4 magnetic nanoparticles are introduced into the microcapsule shells successfully. The obtained FA-Cys-Fe3O4 MCs show excellent magnetic responsive ability by the oriented motion under an external magnetic field. The hydrophobic fluorescent dye (Coumarin 6) is successfully loaded into the FA-Cys-Fe3O4 MCs, demonstrating that it could be also easily realized to encapsulate hydrophobic drugs into the FA-Cys-Fe3O4 MCs when the drugs are dispersed into the oil phase before sonication. Cellular uptake demonstrates that FA-Cys-Fe3O4 MCs could target selectively the cells via folate-receptor-mediated endocytosis. Moreover, the FA-Cys-Fe3O4 MCs show their potential ability to be an attractive carrier for drug controlled release owing to the redox responsiveness of the disulfide in the microcapsule shells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanfeng Li
- College of Chemistry, Jilin University , Changchun, 130012, P. R. China
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31
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Hartmann R, Weidenbach M, Neubauer M, Fery A, Parak WJ. Beeinflussung der Aufnahme und lysosomalen Azidifizierung durch die Steifigkeit kolloidaler Partikel in vitro. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201409693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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32
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Hartmann R, Weidenbach M, Neubauer M, Fery A, Parak WJ. Stiffness-Dependent In Vitro Uptake and Lysosomal Acidification of Colloidal Particles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 54:1365-8. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201409693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 151] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Neubauer MP, Poehlmann M, Fery A. Microcapsule mechanics: from stability to function. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2014; 207:65-80. [PMID: 24345731 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 11/18/2013] [Accepted: 11/21/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Microcapsules are reviewed with special emphasis on the relevance of controlled mechanical properties for functional aspects. At first, assembly strategies are presented that allow control over the decisive geometrical parameters, diameter and wall thickness, which both influence the capsule's mechanical performance. As one of the most powerful approaches the layer-by-layer technique is identified. Subsequently, ensemble and, in particular, single-capsule deformation techniques are discussed. The latter generally provide more in-depth information and cover the complete range of applicable forces from smaller than pN to N. In a theory chapter, we illustrate the physics of capsule deformation. The main focus is on thin shell theory, which provides a useful approximation for many deformation scenarios. Finally, we give an overview of applications and future perspectives where the specific design of mechanical properties turns microcapsules into (multi-)functional devices, enriching especially life sciences and material sciences.
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Abstract
Porous CaCO₃ vaterite microparticles have been introduced a decade ago as sacrificial cores and becoming nowadays as one of the most popular templates to encapsulate bioactive molecules. This is due to the following beneficial features: i) mild decomposition conditions, ii) highly developed surface area, and iii) controlled size as well as easy and chip preparation. Such properties allow one to template and design particles with well tuned material properties in terms of composition, structure, functionality -- the parameters crucially important for bioapplications. This review presents a recent progress in utilizing the CaCO₃ cores for the assembly of micrometer-sized beads and capsules with encapsulated both small drugs and large biomacromolecules. Bioapplications of all the particles for drug delivery, biotechnology, and biosensing as well as future perspectives for templating are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Volodkin
- Fraunhofer Institute for Biomedical Engineering (IBMT), Am Muehlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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Schmidt S, Uhlig K, Duschl C, Volodkin D. Stability and cell uptake of calcium carbonate templated insulin microparticles. Acta Biomater 2014; 10:1423-30. [PMID: 24275529 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2013] [Revised: 10/23/2013] [Accepted: 11/14/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic proteins are an integral part of today's pharmaceutical practice, but they still present challenges from the drug delivery point of view. In this work, a new approach is studied based on hard templating for fabrication of microparticles composed of pure insulin, which may enable effective delivery, for instance pulmonary delivery. The approach is both simple and versatile: the protein particles are prepared by selective precipitation into porous CaCO3 microtemplates, followed by full decomposition of the template at the isoelectric point of the protein (pH 5.2). Control over the main material parameters (mechanical properties, porosity, morphology and stability at physiological conditions) are critical for the envisioned application in drug delivery. It is demonstrated that these critical parameters can be significantly tuned by a slight final pH variation around the isoelectric point (pH range 4-6) and by the denaturation degree of insulin. Electrostatic interactions and inter-protein crosslinking in the protein particles as well as their internal structure are considered, to explain the variation in the particle properties. The particle property parameters are explored using atomic force microscopy, optical microscopy and circular dichroism spectra. Finally, phagocytic clearance of the protein particles in vitro was studied to explore possible enhancements in particle fabrication to improve the efficiency of insulin delivery by inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Schmidt
- Fraunhofer Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany; Universität Leipzig, Institut für Biochemie, Johannisalle 21-23, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
| | - K Uhlig
- Fraunhofer Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - C Duschl
- Fraunhofer Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany
| | - D Volodkin
- Fraunhofer Institut für Biomedizinische Technik, Am Mühlenberg 13, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
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38
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Zheng G, Liu X, Wang X, Chen L, Xie H, Wang F, Zheng H, Yu W, Ma X. Improving stability and biocompatibility of alginate/chitosan microcapsule by fabricating bi-functional membrane. Macromol Biosci 2014; 14:655-66. [PMID: 24436207 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201300474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 12/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Cell encapsulation technology holds promise for the cell-based therapy. But poor mechanical strength and biocompatibility of microcapsule membrane are still obstacles for the clinical applications. A novel strategy is presented to prepare AC₁ C₂ A microcapsules with bi-functional membrane (that is, both desirable biocompatibility and membrane stability) by sequentially complexing chitosans with higher deacetylation degree (C₁) and lower deacetylation degree (C₂) on alginate (A) gel beads. Both in vitro and in vivo evaluation of AC₁C₂ A microcapsules demonstrate higher membrane stability and less cell adhesion, because the introduction of C₂ increases membrane strength and decreases surface roughness. Moreover, diffusion test of AC₁C₂ A microcapsules displays no inward permeation of IgG protein suggesting good immunoisolation function. The results demonstrate that AC₁C₂ A microcapsules with bi-functional membrane could be a promising candidate for microencapsulated cell implantation with cost effective usage of naturally biocompatible polysaccharides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoshuang Zheng
- Laboratory of Biomedical Material Engineering, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, P. R. China; University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
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39
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Kainz B, Oprzeska-Zingrebe EA, Herrera JL. Biomaterial and cellular properties as examined through atomic force microscopy, fluorescence optical microscopies and spectroscopic techniques. Biotechnol J 2013; 9:51-60. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201300087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2013] [Revised: 09/23/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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40
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Yi Q, Sukhorukov GB. Photolysis triggered sealing of multilayer capsules to entrap small molecules. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2013; 5:6723-6731. [PMID: 23802998 DOI: 10.1021/am4016389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Novel microcapsule systems containing UV-responsive diazonium groups were fabricated as microcontainers for cargo substance encapsulation by using a layer-by-layer (LbL) assembly technique. Upon direct exposure to UV light with a wavelength of approximately 380 nm, the diazonium groups of diazoresion (DAR) rapidly reacted with sulfonate or diazo-sulfonate groups of counterpart polyelectrolytes, which converted electrostatic interactions to covalent bonds, demonstrating an effective in situ cross-linking within multilayers via photolysis. Such chemical transition eliminated the paired ionic groups, therefore generating more hydrophobic multilayer shells, offering a unique approach to seal the porous polyelectrolyte capsule shells. Fluorescent molecule rhodamine B (RhB) was consequently studied as a typical example for small molecule encapsulation. Results indicated that the dye was remarkably retained within the microcapsules after UV-triggered capsule shell sealing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangying Yi
- School of Engineering and Materials Science, Queen Mary, University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, United Kingdom.
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