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Yang J, Feng J, Yang S, Xu Y, Shen Z. Exceedingly Small Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for T 1 -Weighted Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Imaging-Guided Therapy of Tumors. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302856. [PMID: 37596716 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (MIONs) based T2 -weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents (CAs) are liver-specific with good biocompatibility, but have been withdrawn from the market and replaced with Eovist (Gd-EOB-DTPA) due to their inherent limitations (e.g., susceptibility to artifacts, high magnetic moment, dark signals, long processing time of T2 imaging, and long waiting time for patients after administration). Without the disadvantages of Gd-chelates and MIONs, the recently emerging exceedingly small MIONs (ES-MIONs) (<5 nm) are promising T1 CAs for MRI. However, there are rare review articles focusing on ES-MIONs for T1 -weighted MRI. Herein, the recent progress of ES-MIONs, including synthesis methods (the current basic synthesis methods and improved methods), surface modifications (artificial polymers, natural polymers, zwitterions, and functional protein), T1 -MRI visual strategies (structural remodeling, reversible self-assemblies, metal ions doped, T1 /T2 dual imaging modes, and PET/MRI strategy), and imaging-guided cancer therapy (chemotherapy, gene therapy, ferroptosis therapy, photothermal therapy, photodymatic therapy, radiotherapy, immuotherapy, sonodynamic therapy, and multimode therapy), is summarized. The detailed description of synthesis methods and applications of ES-MIONs in this review is anticipated to attract extensive interest from researchers in different fields and promote their participation in the establishment of ES-MIONs based nanoplatforms for tumor theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Sugeun Yang
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 FOUR Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, 22212, South Korea
| | - Yikai Xu
- Medical Imaging Center, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
| | - Zheyu Shen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Southern Medical University, 1023 Shatai South Road, Baiyun, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510515, China
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Li Z, Bai R, Yi J, Zhou H, Xian J, Chen C. Designing Smart Iron Oxide Nanoparticles for MR Imaging of Tumors. CHEMICAL & BIOMEDICAL IMAGING 2023; 1:315-339. [PMID: 37501794 PMCID: PMC10369497 DOI: 10.1021/cbmi.3c00026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) possess unique magnetism and good biocompatibility, and they have been widely applied as contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Traditional CAs typically show a fixed enhanced signal, thus exhibiting the limitations of low sensitivity and a lack of specificity. Nowadays, the progress of stimulus-responsive IONPs allows alteration of the relaxation signal in response to internal stimuli of the tumor, or external stimuli, thus providing an opportunity to overcome those limitations. This review summarizes the current status of smart IONPs as tumor imaging MRI CAs that exhibit responsiveness to endogenous stimuli, such as pH, hypoxia, glutathione, and enzymes, or exogenous stimuli, such as magnets, light, and so on. We discuss the challenges and future opportunities for IONPs as MRI CAs and comprehensively illustrate the applications of these stimuli-responsive IONPs. This review will help provide guidance for designing IONPs as MRI CAs and further promote the reasonable design of magnetic nanoparticles and achieve early and accurate tumor detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenzhen Li
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanoparticles and Nanosafety
& CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- Department
of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Ru Bai
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanoparticles and Nanosafety
& CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Research
Unit of Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jia Yi
- Guangdong
Provincial Development and Reform Commission, Guangzhou 510031, China
| | - Huige Zhou
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanoparticles and Nanosafety
& CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Research
Unit of Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Junfang Xian
- Department
of Radiology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Chunying Chen
- CAS
Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanoparticles and Nanosafety
& CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Research
Unit of Nanoscience and Technology, Chinese
Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100021, China
- The
GBA National Institute for Nanotechnology Innovation, Guangzhou 510700, China
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3
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Vangijzegem T, Lecomte V, Ternad I, Van Leuven L, Muller RN, Stanicki D, Laurent S. Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPION): From Fundamentals to State-of-the-Art Innovative Applications for Cancer Therapy. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15010236. [PMID: 36678868 PMCID: PMC9861355 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Revised: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite significant advances in cancer therapy over the years, its complex pathological process still represents a major health challenge when seeking effective treatment and improved healthcare. With the advent of nanotechnologies, nanomedicine-based cancer therapy has been widely explored as a promising technology able to handle the requirements of the clinical sector. Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) have been at the forefront of nanotechnology development since the mid-1990s, thanks to their former role as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging. Though their use as MRI probes has been discontinued due to an unfavorable cost/benefit ratio, several innovative applications as therapeutic tools have prompted a renewal of interest. The unique characteristics of SPION, i.e., their magnetic properties enabling specific response when submitted to high frequency (magnetic hyperthermia) or low frequency (magneto-mechanical therapy) alternating magnetic field, and their ability to generate reactive oxygen species (either intrinsically or when activated using various stimuli), make them particularly adapted for cancer therapy. This review provides a comprehensive description of the fundamental aspects of SPION formulation and highlights various recent approaches regarding in vivo applications in the field of cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Vangijzegem
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Correspondence: (T.V.); (S.L.)
| | - Valentin Lecomte
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Indiana Ternad
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Levy Van Leuven
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Robert N. Muller
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Non-Ionizing Molecular Imaging Unit, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Stanicki
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Non-Ionizing Molecular Imaging Unit, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
- Correspondence: (T.V.); (S.L.)
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Ternad I, Penninckx S, Lecomte V, Vangijzegem T, Conrard L, Lucas S, Heuskin AC, Michiels C, Muller RN, Stanicki D, Laurent S. Advances in the Mechanistic Understanding of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles' Radiosensitizing Properties. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:201. [PMID: 36616111 PMCID: PMC9823929 DOI: 10.3390/nano13010201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Among the plethora of nanosystems used in the field of theranostics, iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) occupy a central place because of their biocompatibility and magnetic properties. In this study, we highlight the radiosensitizing effect of two IONPs formulations (namely 7 nm carboxylated IONPs and PEG5000-IONPs) on A549 lung carcinoma cells when exposed to 225 kV X-rays after 6 h, 24 h and 48 h incubation. The hypothesis that nanoparticles exhibit their radiosensitizing effect by weakening cells through the inhibition of detoxification enzymes was evidenced by thioredoxin reductase activity monitoring. In particular, a good correlation between the amplification effect at 2 Gy and the residual activity of thioredoxin reductase was observed, which is consistent with previous observations made for gold nanoparticles (NPs). This emphasizes that NP-induced radiosensitization does not result solely from physical phenomena but also results from biological events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indiana Ternad
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sebastien Penninckx
- Medical Physics Department, Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB), B-1070 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Valentin Lecomte
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Thomas Vangijzegem
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Louise Conrard
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Stéphane Lucas
- Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Anne-Catherine Heuskin
- Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Carine Michiels
- Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences (NARILIS), University of Namur, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Robert N. Muller
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Dimitri Stanicki
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons (UMONS), B-7000 Mons, Belgium
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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5
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Stanicki D, Vangijzegem T, Ternad I, Laurent S. An update on the applications and characteristics of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2022; 19:321-335. [PMID: 35202551 DOI: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2047020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In the field of drug delivery, controlling the release of therapeutic substances at localized targets has become a primary focus of medical research, especially in the field of cancer treatment. Magnetic nanoparticles are one of the most promising drug carriers thanks to their biocompatibility and (super)paramagnetic properties. These properties allow for the combination between imaging modalities and specific release of drugs at target sites using either local stimulus (i.e. pH, conjugation of biomarkers, …) or external stimulus (i.e. external magnetic field). AREAS COVERED This review provides an update on recent advances with the development of targeted drug delivery systems based on magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs). This overview focuses on active targeting strategies and systems combining both imaging and therapeutic modalities (i.e. theranostics). If most of the examples concern the particular case of cancer therapy, the possibility of using MNPs for other medical applications is also discussed. EXPERT OPINION The development of clinically relevant drug delivery systems based on magnetic nanoparticles is driven by advantages stemming from their remarkable properties (i.e. easy preparation, facile chemical functionalization, biocompatibility, low toxicity and superior magnetic responsiveness). This literature review shows that drug carriers based on magnetic nanoparticles can be efficiently used for the controlled release of drug at targeted locations mediated by various stimuli. Advances in the field should lead to the implementation of such systems into clinical trials, especially systems enabling drug tracking in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stanicki
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - T Vangijzegem
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - I Ternad
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium
| | - S Laurent
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, Mons, Belgium.,Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), Gosselies, Belgium
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Garifo S, Stanicki D, Boutry S, Larbanoix L, Ternad I, Muller RN, Laurent S. Functionalized silica nanoplatform as a bimodal contrast agent for MRI and optical imaging. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:16509-16524. [PMID: 34590110 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr04972k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The preparation of an efficient bimodal single probe for magnetic resonance (MRI) and optical imaging (OI) is reported. Paramagnetic properties have been obtained by the non-covalent encapsulation of the clinically used Gd3+ chelate (i.e., Gd-HP-DO3A) within silica nanoparticles through a water-in-oil microemulsion process. To ensure colloidal stability, the surface of the particles was modified by means of treatment using PEG-silane, and further functionalized photochemically using a diazirine linker bearing carboxylic functions. Optical properties were obtained by the covalent grafting of a near-infrared emitting probe (NIR) on the resulting surface. The confinement of Gd complexes within the permeable matrix resulted in a significant increase in longitudinal relaxivities (>500% at 20 MHz) in comparison with the relaxivities of free chelate, while the post-functionalization process of PEG with fluorescent compounds appeared promising for the derivatization procedure. Several physico-chemical properties attested to the efficient surface modification and confirmed covalent grafting. Preliminary imaging experiments complete this study and confirm the potential of the presented system for preclinical imaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Garifo
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Dimitri Stanicki
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Sébastien Boutry
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Lionel Larbanoix
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Indiana Ternad
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Robert N Muller
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
| | - Sophie Laurent
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Unit, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
- Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging (CMMI), 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, 6041 Gosselies, Belgium
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Flemming P, Münch AS, Fery A, Uhlmann P. Constrained thermoresponsive polymers - new insights into fundamentals and applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:2123-2163. [PMID: 34476018 PMCID: PMC8381851 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last decades, numerous stimuli-responsive polymers have been developed and investigated regarding their switching properties. In particular, thermoresponsive polymers, which form a miscibility gap with the ambient solvent with a lower or upper critical demixing point depending on the temperature, have been intensively studied in solution. For the application of such polymers in novel sensors, drug delivery systems or as multifunctional coatings, they typically have to be transferred into specific arrangements, such as micelles, polymer films or grafted nanoparticles. However, it turns out that the thermodynamic concept for the phase transition of free polymer chains fails, when thermoresponsive polymers are assembled into such sterically confined architectures. Whereas many published studies focus on synthetic aspects as well as individual applications of thermoresponsive polymers, the underlying structure-property relationships governing the thermoresponse of sterically constrained assemblies, are still poorly understood. Furthermore, the clear majority of publications deals with polymers that exhibit a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) behavior, with PNIPAAM as their main representative. In contrast, for polymer arrangements with an upper critical solution temperature (UCST), there is only limited knowledge about preparation, application and precise physical understanding of the phase transition. This review article provides an overview about the current knowledge of thermoresponsive polymers with limited mobility focusing on UCST behavior and the possibilities for influencing their thermoresponsive switching characteristics. It comprises star polymers, micelles as well as polymer chains grafted to flat substrates and particulate inorganic surfaces. The elaboration of the physicochemical interplay between the architecture of the polymer assembly and the resulting thermoresponsive switching behavior will be in the foreground of this consideration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Flemming
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander S Münch
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, NE 68588, Lincoln, USA
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8
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Stanicki D, Larbanoix L, Boutry S, Vangijzegem T, Ternad I, Garifo S, Muller RN, Laurent S. Impact of the chain length on the biodistribution profiles of PEGylated iron oxide nanoparticles: a multimodal imaging study. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:5055-5068. [PMID: 34132320 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00573a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bimodal sub-5 nm superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIO-5) coated with polyethylene glycol of different chain lengths (i.e. PEG-800, -2000 and -5000) have been prepared and characterized. Fluorescence properties have been obtained by mean of the grafting of a near-infrared-emitting dye (NIR-dye) onto the surface of the oxide, thanks to the carboxylic acid functions introduced towards an organosilane coating. Such modification allowed us to follow in vivo their biodistribution and elimination pathways by T1-w and T2-w high-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), as well as by optical and optoacoustic imaging. Interestingly, it has been highlighted that for a given composition, the thickness of the coating strongly influences the pharmacokinetic properties of the administrated SPIO-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitri Stanicki
- General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry Units, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
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9
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Willinger M, Reimhult E. Thermoresponsive Nanoparticles with Cyclic-Polymer-Grafted Shells Are More Stable than with Linear-Polymer-Grafted Shells: Effect of Polymer Topology, Molecular Weight, and Core Size. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:7009-7023. [PMID: 34156854 PMCID: PMC8279546 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c00142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Polymer brush-grafted superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles can change their aggregation state in response to temperature and are potential smart materials for many applications. Recently, the shell morphology imposed by grafting to a nanoparticle core was shown to strongly influence the thermoresponsiveness through a coupling of intrashell solubility transitions and nanoparticle aggregation. We investigate how a change from linear to cyclic polymer topology affects the thermoresponsiveness of poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) brush-grafted superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles. Linear and cyclic polymers with three different molecular weights (7, 18, and 24.5 kg mol-1) on two different core sizes (3.7 and 9.2 nm) and as free polymer were investigated. We observed the critical flocculation temperature (CFT) during temperature cycling dynamic light scattering experiments, the critical solution temperature (CST), and the transition enthalpy per monomer during differential scanning calorimetry measurements. When all conditions are identical, cyclic polymers increase the colloidal stability and the critical flocculation temperature compared to their linear counterparts. Furthermore, the cyclic polymer shows only one uniform transition, while we observe multiple transitions for the linear polymer shells. We link the single transition and higher colloidal stability to the absence in cyclic PiPrOx shells of a dilute outer part where the particle shells can interdigitate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Willinger
- Institute for Biologically Inspired
Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Institute for Biologically Inspired
Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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10
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Jeon M, Halbert MV, Stephen ZR, Zhang M. Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as T 1 Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging: Fundamentals, Challenges, Applications, and Prospectives. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e1906539. [PMID: 32495404 PMCID: PMC8022883 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201906539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gadolinium-based chelates are a mainstay of contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the clinic. However, their toxicity elicits severe side effects and the Food and Drug Administration has issued many warnings about their potential retention in patients' bodies, which causes safety concerns. Iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) are a potentially attractive alternative, because of their nontoxic and biodegradable nature. Studies in developing IONPs as T1 contrast agents have generated promising results, but the complex, interrelated parameters influencing contrast enhancement make the development difficult, and IONPs suitable for T1 contrast enhancement have yet to make their way to clinical use. Here, the fundamental principles of MRI contrast agents are discussed, and the current status of MRI contrast agents is reviewed with a focus on the advantages and limitations of current T1 contrast agents and the potential of IONPs to serve as safe and improved alternative to gadolinium-based chelates. The past advances and current challenges in developing IONPs as a T1 contrast agent from a materials science perspective are presented, and how each of the key material properties and environment variables affects the performance of IONPs is assessed. Finally, some potential approaches to develop high-performance and clinically relevant T1 contrast agents are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mike Jeon
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Mackenzie V Halbert
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Zachary R Stephen
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Miqin Zhang
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
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11
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Wang Z, Wang Y, Wang Y, Wei C, Deng Y, Chen H, Shen J, Ke H. Biomineralized iron oxide-polydopamine hybrid nanodots for contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and photothermal tumor ablation. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:1781-1786. [PMID: 33594402 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00032b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles (IO NPs) have become the focus of molecular imaging probes for contrast enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging due to their intrinsic magnetic and biodegradable properties, as well as long blood half-lives and low toxicity. Massive efforts have been made to explore the IO NPs as T2-weighted MR contrast agents, which have high susceptibility to induce a long-range magnetic field that interferes with diagnosis. Thus, the development of IO NPs with potent T1 relaxivity might help in providing an alternative for clinically applied gadolinium chelates. Herein, biomineralized iron oxide-polydopamine hybrid nanodots (IO/PDA-NDs) have been constructed using albumin as the nanoreactors to induce nanoprecipitation and polymerization simultaneously, facilitating T1-weighted contrast-enhancement as well as photothermal therapeutic capability. The IO nanoclusters in IO/PDA-NDs have an r1 relaxivity of 5.79 mM-1 s-1 with a relatively low r2/r1 ratio of 1.71, demonstrating the preferable iron oxide based T1 contrast agents. The high photothermal conversion coefficient and tumor targeting effect of the hybrid nanodots could result in complete tumor ablation efficacy. The biomineralization method provides a promising approach for the integration of tumor diagnosis and treatment to achieve efficient cancer theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze'ai Wang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China. and Department of Ultrasound, The Affiliated Huai'an Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University and The Second People's Hospital of Huai'an, Jiangsu 223002, China
| | - Yanfeng Wang
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Yuan Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Chaogang Wei
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Yibin Deng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Huabing Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
| | - Junkang Shen
- Department of Radiology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China.
| | - Hengte Ke
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuropsychiatric Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.
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12
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Hannecart A, Stanicki D, Vander Elst L, Muller RN, Brûlet A, Sandre O, Schatz C, Lecommandoux S, Laurent S. Embedding of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles into membranes of well-defined poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) nanoscale magnetovesicles as ultrasensitive MRI probes of membrane bio-degradation. J Mater Chem B 2020; 7:4692-4705. [PMID: 31364686 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00909d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study reports the preparation of poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone) (PEO-b-PCL) polymer vesicles via a nanoprecipitation method and the loading of two different size hydrophobically coated ultrasmall superparamagnetic iron oxide (USPIO) nanoparticles (a magnetic core size of 4.2 nm and 7.6 nm) into the membrane of these nanovesicles, whose thickness was measured precisely by small angle neutron scattering (SANS). Spherical nano-assemblies with a high USPIO payload and a diameter close to 150 nm were obtained as confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and cryo-TEM. The vesicular structure of these hybrid nano-assemblies was confirmed by multi-angle light scattering (MALS) measurements. Their magnetic properties were evaluated by T1 and T2 measurements (20 and 60 MHz) and by nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) profiles. The size of USPIO entrapped in the membranes of PEO-b-PCL vesicles has a strong impact on their magnetic properties. It affects both their longitudinal and their transverse relaxivities and thus their magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sensitivity. Acid-catalyzed hydrolysis of the PCL membrane also influences their relaxivities as shown by measurements carried out at pH 7 vs. pH 5. This property was used to monitor the membrane hydrolytic degradation in vitro, as a proof of concept of potential monitoring of drug delivery by nanomedicines in vivo and non-invasively, by MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeline Hannecart
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Dimitri Stanicki
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Luce Vander Elst
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - Robert N Muller
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau B-7000 Mons, Belgium. and Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, B-6041 Charleroi, Belgium
| | - Annie Brûlet
- Laboratoire Léon Brillouin, CNRS, CEA, Univ. Paris-Saclay, UMR12, F-91191 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Olivier Sandre
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Christophe Schatz
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Sébastien Lecommandoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, LCPO, UMR 5629, F-33607 Pessac, France
| | - Sophie Laurent
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, 19 avenue Maistriau B-7000 Mons, Belgium. and Center for Microscopy and Molecular Imaging, 8 rue Adrienne Bolland, B-6041 Charleroi, Belgium
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Haribabu V, Girigoswami K, Sharmiladevi P, Girigoswami A. Water-Nanomaterial Interaction to Escalate Twin-Mode Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2020; 6:4377-4389. [PMID: 33455176 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imaging has gained utmost importance in the recent past in early diagnosis of diseases. In comparison to other imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to extend its abilities not only for its usage of non-ionizing radiation but also for the high spatial resolution in soft tissues. A major limitation faced by MRI is the sensitivity in detecting diseased conditions until a certain stage. At present, this limitation is overcome with the use of contrast agents that show potential in altering the T1 and T2 relaxation times of the hydrogen protons. This modulation to the relaxation times leads to better contrast differences based on the type of contrast agent and the pulse sequence being engaged for acquiring images. Water molecules, as the major contributor of hydrogen protons, are proven to interact with such contrast agents. Major drawbacks noted with the marketed MRI contrast agents are their toxicity and renal clearance. To conquer these issues, magnetic nanomaterials are being researched for their abilities to match the contrast enhancement offered by traditional agents reducing their drawbacks. Furthermore, comparative diagnosis with both T1 and T2 contrast at the same time has also interested investigators. To achieve this, twin mode T1 and T2 weighted contrast agents are developed utilizing the remarkable properties extended by magnetic nanoplatforms. As a step forward, multimodal imaging agents are also being engineered based on these magnetic nanoplatforms that will generate cross-verified diagnoses using multiple imaging modalities with a unique imaging agent. This review starts by introducing the basics of MRI with major focus on the typical interactions of water molecules with a variety of magnetic nanomaterials. The review also concentrates on the clinical needs and nanomaterials available for twin T1 and T2 contrast with a minor introduction to multimodal imaging agents. In conclusion, the advent of MRI with the advantages offered by magnetic nanomaterials is summarized, leading to insights for future developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viswanathan Haribabu
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Koyeli Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Palani Sharmiladevi
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
| | - Agnishwar Girigoswami
- Medical Bionanotechnology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chettinad Hospital & Research Institute (CHRI), Chettinad Academy of Research and Education (CARE), Kelambakkam, Chennai 603 103, India
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14
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Hou Z, Liu Y, Xu J, Zhu J. Surface engineering of magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles by polymer grafting: synthesis progress and biomedical applications. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14957-14975. [PMID: 32648868 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03346d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) have wide applications in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biomedicine, drug delivery, hyperthermia therapy, catalysis, magnetic separation, and others. However, these applications are usually limited by irreversible agglomeration of IONPs in aqueous media because of their dipole-dipole interactions, and their poor stability. A protecting polymeric shell provides IONPs with not only enhanced long-term stability, but also the functionality of polymer shells. Therefore, polymer-grafted IONPs have recently attracted much attention of scientists. In this tutorial review, we will present the current strategies for grafting polymers onto the surface of IONPs, basically including "grafting from" and "grafting to" methods. Available functional groups and chemical reactions, which could be employed to bind polymers onto the IONP surface, are comprehensively summarized. Moreover, the applications of polymer-grafted IONPs will be briefly discussed. Finally, future challenges and perspectives in the synthesis and application of polymer-grafted IONPs will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zaiyan Hou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yijing Liu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jiangping Xu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Jintao Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage of Ministry of Education (HUST), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan 430074, China.
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15
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Deloney M, Smart K, Christiansen BA, Panitch A. Thermoresponsive, hollow, degradable core-shell nanoparticles for intra-articular delivery of anti-inflammatory peptide. J Control Release 2020; 323:47-58. [PMID: 32278830 PMCID: PMC9930616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation following joint trauma contributes to cartilage degradation and progression of post traumatic osteoarthritis (PTOA). Therefore, drug delivery vehicles that deliver effective anti-inflammatory treatments have the potential to prevent PTOA. We have developed solid and hollow, thermoresponsive nanoparticles for the controlled release of our anti-inflammatory MK2-inhibiting (MK2i) peptide for intra-articular injection to halt inflammation that contributes to the advancement of PTOA. This system exploits the thermosensitive characteristic of N-isopropyl acrylamide (NIPAm) to transition phases when passing through its lower critical solution temperature (LCST). The nanoparticles (NPs) swell below the LCST and constrict above it. Non-crosslinked poly(NIPAm) (pNIPAm), held above its LCST, formed hydrophobic cores around which shells composed of NIPAm, degradable crosslinker N, N'-bis (acryloyl) cystamine (BAC), sulfated 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic acid (AMPS), and acrylic acid (AAc) were polymerized. Removal of the non-crosslinked pNIPAm cores via diffusion produced thermosensitive, degradable nanoparticles with low density, or hollow, cores. The data presented here revealed low-density, termed hollow, nanoparticles (hNPs) load and release significantly more MK2i than solid nanoparticles (sNPs). Furthermore, drug loading below the LCST of NIPAm results in roughly 2.5 times more therapeutic encapsulation compared to loading particles in their constricted state. Hollow nanoparticles increase drug loading compared to solid nanoparticles, are taken up into chondrocytes within 24 h, cleared from the cells within 6 days, significantly decrease the secretion of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-6, and, via intra-articular injection, are successfully delivered into the joint space of rats. The peptide loaded nanoparticles provide a reproducible platform for intra-articular delivery of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Deloney
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Kyra Smart
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Blaine A. Christiansen
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA,Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California Davis Health, Lawrence J. Ellison Musculoskeletal Research Center, 4635 2nd Avenue, Suite 2000, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Alyssa Panitch
- Biomedical Engineering Graduate Group, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA.
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16
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Abbas H, Broche LM, Ezdoglian A, Li D, Yuecel R, James Ross P, Cheyne L, Wilson HM, Lurie DJ, Dawson DK. Fast field-cycling magnetic resonance detection of intracellular ultra-small iron oxide particles in vitro: Proof-of-concept. JOURNAL OF MAGNETIC RESONANCE (SAN DIEGO, CALIF. : 1997) 2020; 313:106722. [PMID: 32248086 PMCID: PMC7167511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmr.2020.106722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammation is central in disease pathophysiology and accurate methods for its detection and quantification are increasingly required to guide diagnosis and therapy. Here we explored the ability of Fast Field-Cycling Magnetic Resonance (FFC-MR) in quantifying the signal of ultra-small superparamagnetic iron oxide particles (USPIO) phagocytosed by J774 macrophage-like cells as a proof-of-principle. METHODS Relaxation rates were measured in suspensions of J774 macrophage-like cells loaded with USPIO (0-200 μg/ml Fe as ferumoxytol), using a 0.25 T FFC benchtop relaxometer and a human whole-body, in-house built 0.2 T FFC-MR prototype system with a custom test tube coil. Identical non-imaging, saturation recovery pulse sequence with 90° flip angle and 20 different evolution fields selected logarithmically between 80 μT and 0.2 T (3.4 kHz and 8.51 MHz proton Larmor frequency [PLF] respectively). Results were compared with imaging flow cytometry quantification of side scatter intensity and USPIO-occupied cell area. A reference colorimetric iron assay was used. RESULTS The T1 dispersion curves derived from FFC-MR were excellent in detecting USPIO at all concentrations examined (0-200 μg/ml Fe as ferumoxytol) vs. control cells, p ≤ 0.001. FFC-NMR was capable of reliably detecting cellular iron content as low as 1.12 ng/µg cell protein, validated using a colorimetric assay. FFC-MR was comparable to imaging flow cytometry quantification of side scatter intensity but superior to USPIO-occupied cell area, the latter being only sensitive at exposures ≥ 10 µg/ml USPIO. CONCLUSIONS We demonstrated for the first time that FFC-MR is capable of quantitative assessment of intra-cellular iron which will have important implications for the use of USPIO in a variety of biological applications, including the study of inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Abbas
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
| | - Lionel M Broche
- Bio-Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Aiarpi Ezdoglian
- Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom; Department of Medical Chemistry and Toxicology, NI Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow 117997, Russian Federation(1)
| | - Dmitriy Li
- Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom
| | - Raif Yuecel
- Iain Fraser Cytometry Centre, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, United Kingdom; Cytomics Centre, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, EX4 4QD, United Kingdom(1)
| | - P James Ross
- Bio-Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Lesley Cheyne
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Heather M Wilson
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - David J Lurie
- Bio-Medical Physics, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | - Dana K Dawson
- Aberdeen Cardiovascular and Diabetes Centre, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom.
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17
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Gholami YH, Yuan H, Wilks MQ, Maschmeyer R, Normandin MD, Josephson L, El Fakhri G, Kuncic Z. A Radio-Nano-Platform for T1/T2 Dual-Mode PET-MR Imaging. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:1253-1266. [PMID: 32161456 PMCID: PMC7049573 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s241971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 02/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose This study aimed to develop a chelate-free radiolabeled nanoparticle platform for simultaneous positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging that provides contrast-enhanced diagnostic imaging and significant image quality gain by integrating the high spatial resolution of MR with the high sensitivity of PET. Methods A commercially available super-paramagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION) (Feraheme®, FH) was labeled with the [89Zr]Zr using a novel chelate-free radiolabeling technique, heat-induced radiolabeling (HIR). Radiochemical yield (RCY) and purity (RCP) were measured using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and radio-thin layer chromatography (radio-TLC). Characterization of the non-radioactive isotope 90Zr-labeled FH was performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Simultaneous PET-MR phantom imaging was performed with different 89Zr-FH concentrations. The MR quantitative image analysis determined the contrast-enhancing properties of FH. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of the line spread function (LSF) were calculated before and after co-registering the PET and MR image data. Results High RCY (92%) and RCP (98%) of the [89Zr]Zr-FH product was achieved. TEM analysis confirmed the 90Zr atoms adsorption onto the SPION surface (≈ 10% average radial increase). Simultaneous PET-MR scans confirmed the capability of the [89Zr]Zr-FH nano-platform for this multi-modal imaging technique. Relative contrast image analysis showed that [89Zr]Zr-FH can act as a dual-mode T1/T2 contrast agent. For co-registered PET-MR images, higher spatial resolution (FWHM enhancement ≈ 3) and SNR (enhancement ≈ 8) was achieved at a clinical dose of radio-isotope and Fe. Conclusion Our results demonstrate FH is a highly suitable SPION-based platform for chelate-free labeling of PET tracers for hybrid PET-MR. The high RCY and RCP confirmed the robustness of the chelate-free HIR technique. An overall image quality gain was achieved compared to PET- or MR-alone imaging with a relatively low dosage of [89Zr]Zr-FH. Additionally, FH is suitable as a dual-mode T1/T2 MR image contrast agent. ![]()
Point your SmartPhone at the code above. If you have a QR code reader the video abstract will appear. Or use: http://youtu.be/Me_QBfX7I3s
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaser Hadi Gholami
- Faculty of Science, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Vital Translational Cancer Research Centre, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,Bill Walsh Translational Cancer Research Laboratory, The Kolling Institute, Northern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hushan Yuan
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Moses Q Wilks
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Richard Maschmeyer
- Faculty of Science, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Marc D Normandin
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lee Josephson
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Georges El Fakhri
- Gordon Center for Medical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zdenka Kuncic
- Faculty of Science, School of Physics, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,Sydney Vital Translational Cancer Research Centre, St Leonards, NSW, Australia.,The University of Sydney Nano Institute, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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18
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Ren G, Zheng X, Gu H, Di W, Wang Z, Guo Y, Xu Z, Sun D. Temperature and CO 2 Dual-Responsive Pickering Emulsions Using Jeffamine M2005-Modified Cellulose Nanocrystals. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:13663-13670. [PMID: 31549513 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b02497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose nanocrystals (CNCs) with excellent biodegradability are promising biomaterials for use as responsive Pickering emulsifiers. However, the high hydrophilicity of CNCs limits their emulsification ability. Some existing studies have utilized complicated covalent modification procedures to increase the hydrophobicity of CNCs. To simplify the modification process, we prepared hydrophobically modified CNCs (CNCs-M2005) via simple and controllable electrostatic interactions with thermosensitive M2005. The obtained CNCs-M2005 exhibited temperature and CO2 dual-responsive properties. Subsequently, stable oil/water Pickering emulsions were prepared using the partially hydrophobic CNCs-M2005 at 20 °C. However, demulsification occurred when the temperature increased to 60 °C. This temperature-induced demulsification resulted from the dehydration of polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, causing the aggregation of the CNCs-M2005, as shown by dynamic light scattering and transmission electron microscopy experiments. In addition, demulsification was also achieved after bubbling CO2, which was attributed to the dissociation of the partially hydrophobic CNCs-M2005. The temperature and CO2 dual-responsive biosafe Pickering emulsions open up opportunity for the design of intelligent food, cosmetic, and drug delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaihuan Ren
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong 250100 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyang Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong 250100 , P. R. China
| | - Hui Gu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong 250100 , P. R. China
| | - Wenwen Di
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong 250100 , P. R. China
| | - Zengzi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong 250100 , P. R. China
| | - Yanlin Guo
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong 250100 , P. R. China
| | - Zhenghe Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering , Southern University of Science and Technology , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518055 , P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
| | - Dejun Sun
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education , Shandong University , Jinan , Shandong 250100 , P. R. China
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Guan W, Ma J, Peng X, Chen K. Tailoring magnetic resonance imaging relaxivities in macroporous Prussian blue cubes. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:11882-11888. [PMID: 31309218 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt02414j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In order to unravel the relationship between zeta potential values and r2/r1 ratios for contrast agents in MRI application, a series of macroporous Prussian blue cubes were successfully synthesized by HCl etching and used as model samples for relaxivity investigation. It was found that their r2/r1 ratios firstly decreased and then increased with the increasing HCl concentration, while the variation trend for zeta potential is quite the opposite. By employing Gauss fitting and eliminating the HCl concentration in the resultant equations, a relationship between zeta potential values and r2/r1 ratios, i.e. ζ = 229 × (563 -r2/r1)0.012- 267, was finally obtained. This result showed that magnetic resonance imaging relaxivities (viz. r2/r1) could be tailored through altering zeta potential values (surface charges) of the contrast agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenlan Guan
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Ji Ma
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Xi Peng
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Kezheng Chen
- Lab of Functional and Biomedical Nanomaterials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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20
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Reimhult E, Schroffenegger M, Lassenberger A. Design Principles for Thermoresponsive Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Controlling Thermal Transitions by Brush Morphology. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:7092-7104. [PMID: 31035760 PMCID: PMC6551573 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.9b00665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
In this feature article, we summarize our recent work on understanding and controlling the thermal behavior of nanoparticles grafted with thermoresponsive polymer shells. Precision synthesis of monodisperse superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals was combined with irreversible dense grafting of nitrodopamide-anchored thermoresponsive polymer chains. We provide an overview of how the dense and stable grafting of biomedically relevant polymers, including poly(ethylene glycol), poly( N-isopropylacrylamide), polysarcosin, and polyoxazolines, can be achieved. This platform has made it possible for us to demonstrate that the polymer brush geometry, as defined by the nanoparticle core and relative polymer brush size, determines the thermal transitions of the polymer brush. We furthermore summarize our work on how the polymer shell transitions and nanoparticle aggregation can be tuned. With the independent variation of the core and the shell, we can optimize and precisely control the thermally controlled solubility of our system. Finally, our feature article gives examples relevant to current and future applications. We show how the thermal response of the shell influences the nanoparticle performance in biological fluids and interactions with proteins and cells, also under purely magnetic actuation of the nanoparticles through the superparamagnetic iron oxide core.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Reimhult
- Institute
for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martina Schroffenegger
- Institute
for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria
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21
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Tao C, Chen Y, Wang D, Cai Y, Zheng Q, An L, Lin J, Tian Q, Yang S. Macromolecules with Different Charges, Lengths, and Coordination Groups for the Coprecipitation Synthesis of Magnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles as T1 MRI Contrast Agents. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E699. [PMID: 31060287 PMCID: PMC6567071 DOI: 10.3390/nano9050699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Considerable efforts have been focused on the exploitation of macromolecule ligands for synthesis of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles as T1 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) contrast agents, but studies that concern macromolecule ligands with different charges and coordination groups are still limited. Herein, we used poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which possess negative, positive and neutral charges with carboxylic acid, amino and hydroxyl groups respectively, as templates and stabilizers to fabricate Fe3O4 nanoparticles through coprecipitation reaction. The obtained Fe3O4-PAA, Fe3O4-PAH, and Fe3O4-PVA nanoparticles showed T1 contrast performance with r1 relaxivities of 23.4, 60.3, and 30.6 mM s-1 at 0.5 T (25 °C), and a r2/r1 ratio of 2.62, 3.82, and 7.26, respectively. The cell viability assay revealed that Fe3O4-PAA and Fe3O4-PVA exhibited good biocompatibility, while Fe3O4-PAH displayed high cytotoxicity. In vivo T1-weighted (1 T) mice showed that both Fe3O4-PAA and Fe3O4-PVA were able to display remarkably brighten the contrast enhancement for the mice tumor and kidney sites, but Fe3O4-PAA had better contrast performance. This work highlights that the macromolecule ligands play an important role in the biocompatibility and T1 contrast performance of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Yanan Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Danli Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Yu Cai
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Qiang Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Lu An
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Jiaomin Lin
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Qiwei Tian
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
| | - Shiping Yang
- The Key Laboratory of Resource Chemistry of the Ministry of Education, The Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, and The Shanghai Municipal Education Committee Key Laboratory of Molecular Imaging Probes and Sensors, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China.
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22
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Savchuk OA, Carvajal JJ, Cesteros Y, Salagre P, Nguyen HD, Rodenas A, Massons J, Aguiló M, Díaz F. Mapping Temperature Distribution Generated by Photothermal Conversion in Graphene Film Using Er,Yb:NaYF 4 Nanoparticles Prepared by Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Method. Front Chem 2019; 7:88. [PMID: 30859096 PMCID: PMC6397865 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzes the mapping of temperature distribution generated by graphene in a glass slide cover after illumination at 808 nm with a good thermal resolution. For this purpose, Er,Yb:NaYF4 nanoparticles prepared by a microwave-assisted solvothermal method were used as upconversion luminescent nanothermometers. By tuning the basic parameters of the synthesis procedure, such as the time and temperature of reaction and the concentration of ethanol and water, we were able to control the size and the crystalline phase of the nanoparticles, and to have the right conditions to obtain 100% of the β hexagonal phase, the most efficient spectroscopically. We observed that the thermal sensitivity that can be achieved with these particles is a function of the size of the nanoparticles and the crystalline phase in which they crystallize. We believe that, with suitable changes, these nanoparticles might be used in the future to map temperature gradients in living cells while maintaining a good thermal resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr A Savchuk
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain.,Ultrafast Bio- and Nanophotonics Group, INL - International Iberian Nanotechnology Laboratory, Nanophotonics Department, Braga, Portugal
| | - Joan J Carvajal
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Cesteros
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Catalytic Materials in Green Chemistry (GreenCat), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pilar Salagre
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Catalytic Materials in Green Chemistry (GreenCat), Tarragona, Spain
| | - Huu Dat Nguyen
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Airan Rodenas
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Jaume Massons
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Magdalena Aguiló
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Franscesc Díaz
- Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Departament de Química Física i Inorgànica, Física i Cristal·lografia de Materials i Nanomaterials (FiCMA-FiCNA) and EMaS, Tarragona, Spain
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23
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Jauregui R, Srinivasan S, Vojtech LN, Gammill HS, Chiu DT, Hladik F, Stayton PS, Lai JJ. Temperature-Responsive Magnetic Nanoparticles for Enabling Affinity Separation of Extracellular Vesicles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:33847-33856. [PMID: 30152229 PMCID: PMC6538933 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b09751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Small magnetic nanoparticles that have surfaces decorated with stimuli-responsive polymers can be reversibly aggregated via a stimulus, such as temperature, to enable efficient and rapid biomarker separation. To fully realize the potential of these particles, the synthesis needs to be highly reproducible and scalable to large quantity. We have developed a new synthesis for temperature-responsive magnetic nanoparticles via an in situ co-precipitation process of Fe2+/Fe3+ salts at room temperature with poly(acrylic acid)- block-poly( N-isopropylacrylamide) diblock co-polymer template, synthesized via the reversible addition-fragmentation chain-transfer polymerization method. These particles were 56% polymer by weight with a 6.5:1 Fe/COOH ratio and demonstrated remarkable stability over a 2 month period. The hydrodynamic diameter remained constant at ∼28 nm with a consistent transition temperature of 34 °C, and the magnetic particle separation efficiency at 40 °C was ≥95% over the 2 month span. These properties were maintained for all large-scale synthesis batches. To demonstrate the practical utility of the stimuli-responsive magnetic nanoparticles, the particles were incorporated into a temperature-responsive binary reagent system and efficiently separated a model protein biomarker (mouse IgG) as well as purified extracellular vesicles derived from a human biofluid, seminal plasma. The ease of using these particles will prove beneficial for various biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Jauregui
- Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Selvi Srinivasan
- Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Lucia N. Vojtech
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Hilary S. Gammill
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Daniel T. Chiu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | - Florian Hladik
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| | | | - James J. Lai
- Department of Bioengineering, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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24
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Schroffenegger M, Reimhult E. Thermoresponsive Core-Shell Nanoparticles: Does Core Size Matter? MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 11:E1654. [PMID: 30205481 PMCID: PMC6163620 DOI: 10.3390/ma11091654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticles grafted with a dense brush of hydrophilic polymers exhibit high colloidal stability. However, reversible aggregation can be triggered by an increase in temperature if the polymer is thermoresponsive, as the polymer shell partly loses its hydration. We investigate the role of nanoparticle curvature on the critical solution temperature (CST) of grafted poly(2-isopropyl-2-oxazoline) (PiPOx) and critical flocculation temperature (CFT) of the core-shell nanoparticle dispersion. Cores with diameters ranging from 5 to 21 nm were studied by temperature-cycled dynamic light scattering and differential scanning calorimetry over a large range of concentrations. We show that core size and curvature only have a minor influence on particle aggregation (CFT and cluster size), while they have major influence on the CST of the polymer shell. The densely grafted shells exhibit three distinct solvation transitions, the relative contributions of each is controlled by the core curvature. We link these transitions to different polymer density regimes within the spherical brush and demonstrate that the CST of the innermost part of the brush coincides with the CFT of the particle dispersion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Schroffenegger
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
| | - Erik Reimhult
- University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Muthgasse 11, 1190 Vienna, Austria.
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25
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Vangijzegem T, Stanicki D, Boutry S, Paternoster Q, Vander Elst L, Muller RN, Laurent S. VSION as high field MRI T 1 contrast agent: evidence of their potential as positive contrast agent for magnetic resonance angiography. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:265103. [PMID: 29620535 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aabbd0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Because of their outstanding magnetic properties, iron oxide nanoparticles have already been the subject of numerous studies in the biomedical field, in particular as a negative contrast agent for T2-weighted nuclear magnetic resonance imaging, or as therapeutic agents in hyperthermia experiments. Recent studies have shown that below a given particle size (i.e. 5 nm), iron oxide may be used to provide a significant positive (brightening) effect on T1-weighted MRI. In such an application, not only the size of the crystal, but also the control of the coating process is essential to ensure optimal properties, especially at a very high field (> 3 T). In this work, we focused on the development of very small iron oxide nanoparticles as a potential platform for high field T1 magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) applications. The feasibility has been evaluated in vivo at 9.4 T, demonstrating the usefulness of the developed system for MRA applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Vangijzegem
- Department of General, Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons, B-7000 Mons, Belgium
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26
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Mahara A, Enmi JI, Hsu YI, Kobayashi N, Hirano Y, Iida H, Yamaoka T. Superfine Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Cerebrovasculature Using Self-Assembled Branched Polyethylene Glycol-Gd Contrast Agent. Macromol Biosci 2018; 18:e1700391. [PMID: 29665311 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance angiography is an attractive method for the visualization of the cerebrovasculature, but small-sized vessels are hard to visualize with the current clinically approved agents. In this study, a polymeric contrast agent for the superfine imaging of the cerebrovasculature is presented. Eight-arm polyethylene glycol with a molecular weight of ≈17 000 Da conjugated with a Gd chelate and fluorescein (F-8-arm PEG-Gd) is used. The relaxivity rate is 9.3 × 10-3 m-1 s-1 , which is threefold higher than that of free Gd chelate. Light scattering analysis reveals that F-8-arm PEG-Gd is formed by self-assembly. When the F-8-arm PEG-Gd is intravenously injected, cerebrovasculature as small as 100 µm in diameter is clearly visualized. However, signals are not enhanced when Gd chelate and Gd chelate-conjugated 8-arm PEG are injected. Furthermore, small vasculature around infarct region in rat stroke model can be visualized. These results suggest that F-8-arm PEG-Gd enhances the MR imaging of cerebrovasculature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Mahara
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Enmi
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Yu-I Hsu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Naoki Kobayashi
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamatecho, Suita, Osaka, 565-8680, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hirano
- Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3-3-35 Yamatecho, Suita, Osaka, 565-8680, Japan
| | - Hidehiro Iida
- Department of Investigative Radiology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yamaoka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, Fujishiro-dai, Suita, Osaka, 565-8565, Japan
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27
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Kurzhals S, Schroffenegger M, Gal N, Zirbs R, Reimhult E. Influence of Grafted Block Copolymer Structure on Thermoresponsiveness of Superparamagnetic Core-Shell Nanoparticles. Biomacromolecules 2017; 19:1435-1444. [PMID: 29161516 PMCID: PMC5954351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.7b01403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
![]()
The
morphology and topology of thermoresponsive polymers have a
strong impact on their responsive properties. Grafting onto spherical
particles has been shown to reduce responsiveness and transition temperatures;
grafting of block copolymers has shown that switchable or retained
wettability of a surface or particle during desolvation of one block
can take place. Here, doubly thermoresponsive block copolymers were
grafted onto spherical, monodisperse, and superparamagnetic iron oxide
nanoparticles to investigate the effect of thermal desolvation on
spherical brushes of block copolymers. By inverting the block order,
the influence of core proximity on the responsive properties of the
individual blocks could be studied as well as their relative influence
on the nanoparticle colloidal stability. The inner block was shown
to experience a stronger reduction in transition temperature and transition
enthalpy compared to the outer block. Still, the outer block also
experiences a significant reduction in responsiveness due to the restricted
environment in the nanoparticle shell compared to that of the free
polymer state. The demonstrated pronounced distance dependence importantly
implies the possibility, but also the necessity, to radially tailor
polymer hydration transitions for applications such as drug delivery,
hyperthermia, and biotechnological separation for which thermally
responsive nanoparticles are being developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Kurzhals
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna , Muthgasse 11 , 1190 Vienna , Austria
| | - Martina Schroffenegger
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna , Muthgasse 11 , 1190 Vienna , Austria
| | - Noga Gal
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna , Muthgasse 11 , 1190 Vienna , Austria
| | - Ronald Zirbs
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna , Muthgasse 11 , 1190 Vienna , Austria
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology , University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna , Muthgasse 11 , 1190 Vienna , Austria
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28
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Pellico J, Ruiz-Cabello J, Fernández-Barahona I, Gutiérrez L, Lechuga-Vieco AV, Enríquez JA, Morales MP, Herranz F. One-Step Fast Synthesis of Nanoparticles for MRI: Coating Chemistry as the Key Variable Determining Positive or Negative Contrast. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:10239-10247. [PMID: 28882034 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanomaterial is a typical example of a magnetic resonance imaging probe for negative contrast. It has also been shown how this nanomaterial can be synthesized for positive contrast by modification of the composition and size of the core. However, the role of the organic coating in the relaxometric properties is largely unexplored. Here, maghemite nanoparticles with either excellent positive or very good negative contrast performance are obtained by modifying coating thickness while the core is kept unchanged. Different nanoparticles with tailored features as contrast agent according to the coating layer thickness have been obtained in a single-step microwave-driven synthesis by heating at different temperatures. A comprehensive analysis is conducted of how the composition and structure of the coating affects the final magnetic, relaxometric, and imaging performance. These results show how the organic coating plays a fundamental role in the intrinsic relaxometric parameters of iron oxide-based contrast media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pellico
- Advanced Imaging Unit, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Cabello
- Advanced Imaging Unit, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Irene Fernández-Barahona
- Advanced Imaging Unit, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucía Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Biomateriales y Materiales Bioinspirados, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC , Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Química Analítica, Instituto de Nanociencia de Aragón, Universidad de Zaragoza , Mariano Esquillor, s/n, 50018. Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ana V Lechuga-Vieco
- Advanced Imaging Unit, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Enríquez
- Advanced Imaging Unit, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - M Puerto Morales
- Departamento de Biomateriales y Materiales Bioinspirados, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC , Sor Juana Inés de la Cruz 3, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Herranz
- Advanced Imaging Unit, Fundación Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares (CNIC) and CIBER Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBERES) , Melchor Fernández Almagro 3, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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29
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Sherwood J, Rich M, Lovas K, Warram J, Bolding MS, Bao Y. T 1-Enhanced MRI-visible nanoclusters for imaging-guided drug delivery. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:11785-11792. [PMID: 28786462 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr04181k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Iron oxide nanoparticles with extremely low dimensions have recently been explored as positive (T1) contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, their small sizes lead to fast renal clearance and limit their use in elongated in vivo tracking or therapy monitoring. In this paper, we present a state of art approach to forming nanoclusters by crosslinking ultrasmall iron oxide nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin. This novel design not only maintains the T1 performance of the ultrasmall nanoparticles, but also significantly increases their blood circulation times from 15 minutes to over two hours. Our breast tumor model study also exhibited enhanced contrast at tumor sites for more than 24 hours. The ability of maintaining the T1 performance of the ultrasmall nanoparticles is significant, because previous studies have shown complete T1 loss or signal decrease upon polymer encapsulation. This design also shows great potential in encapsulating model drug molecules, which will greatly benefit the field of imaging-guided drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Sherwood
- Chemical and Biological Engineering, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487, USA.
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30
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Hemery G, Keyes AC, Garaio E, Rodrigo I, Garcia JA, Plazaola F, Garanger E, Sandre O. Tuning Sizes, Morphologies, and Magnetic Properties of Monocore Versus Multicore Iron Oxide Nanoparticles through the Controlled Addition of Water in the Polyol Synthesis. Inorg Chem 2017; 56:8232-8243. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.7b00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gauvin Hemery
- LCPO, CNRS UMR 5629/Univ. Bordeaux/Bordeaux-INP, ENSCBP 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Anthony C. Keyes
- LCPO, CNRS UMR 5629/Univ. Bordeaux/Bordeaux-INP, ENSCBP 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Eneko Garaio
- Elektrizitatea
eta Elektronika Saila, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | - Irati Rodrigo
- Elektrizitatea
eta Elektronika Saila, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
- BCMaterials, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Ed. 50, 48160 Derio, Spain
| | - Jose Angel Garcia
- BCMaterials, Parque Tecnológico de Bizkaia, Ed. 50, 48160 Derio, Spain
- Fisika Aplikatua II Saila, UPV/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain
| | | | - Elisabeth Garanger
- LCPO, CNRS UMR 5629/Univ. Bordeaux/Bordeaux-INP, ENSCBP 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Olivier Sandre
- LCPO, CNRS UMR 5629/Univ. Bordeaux/Bordeaux-INP, ENSCBP 16 avenue Pey Berland, 33607 Pessac, France
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31
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Pellico J, Ruiz-Cabello J, Saiz-Alía M, Del Rosario G, Caja S, Montoya M, Fernández de Manuel L, Morales MP, Gutiérrez L, Galiana B, Enríquez JA, Herranz F. Fast synthesis and bioconjugation of (68) Ga core-doped extremely small iron oxide nanoparticles for PET/MR imaging. CONTRAST MEDIA & MOLECULAR IMAGING 2016; 11:203-10. [PMID: 26748837 DOI: 10.1002/cmmi.1681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 10/06/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Combination of complementary imaging techniques, like hybrid PET/MRI, allows protocols to be developed that exploit the best features of both. In order to get the best of these combinations the use of dual probes is highly desirable. On this sense the combination of biocompatible iron oxide nanoparticles and 68Ga isotope is a powerful development for the new generation of hybrid systems and multimodality approaches. Our objective was the synthesis and application of a chelator-free 68Ga-iron oxide nanotracer with improved stability, radiolabeling yield and in vivo performance in dual PET/MRI. We carried out the core doping of iron oxide nanoparticles, without the use of any chelator, by a microwave-driven protocol. The synthesis allowed the production of extremely small (2.5 nm) 68Ga core-doped iron oxide nanoparticles. The microwave approach allowed an extremely fast synthesis with a 90% radiolabeling yield and T1 contrast in MRI. With the same microwave approach the nano-radiotracer was functionalized in a fast and efficient way. We finally evaluated these dual targeting nanoparticles in an angiogenesis murine model by PET/MR imaging. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pellico
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C/ Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Complutense de Madrid and CIBERES, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Ruiz-Cabello
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C/ Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain.,Universidad Complutense de Madrid and CIBERES, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marina Saiz-Alía
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C/ Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Gilberto Del Rosario
- Technological Support Center (CAT), Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, Spain
| | - Sergio Caja
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C/ Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Montoya
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C/ Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Fernández de Manuel
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C/ Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Puerto Morales
- Departamento de Biomateriales y Materiales Bioinspirados, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lucia Gutiérrez
- Departamento de Biomateriales y Materiales Bioinspirados, Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales de Madrid, CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Galiana
- Physics Department, Universidad Carlos III, Av de la Universidad 40, 28911, Leganés, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jose A Enríquez
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C/ Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Herranz
- Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares Carlos III (CNIC), C/ Melchor Fernández-Almagro 3, 28029, Madrid, Spain
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32
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Kurzhals S, Zirbs R, Reimhult E. Synthesis and Magneto-Thermal Actuation of Iron Oxide Core-PNIPAM Shell Nanoparticles. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:19342-52. [PMID: 26270412 PMCID: PMC4559841 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b05459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/13/2015] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Superparamagnetic nanoparticles have been proposed for many applications in biotechnology and medicine. In this paper, it is demonstrated how the excellent colloidal stability and magnetic properties of monodisperse and individually densely grafted iron oxide nanoparticles can be used to manipulate reversibly the solubility of nanoparticles with a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)nitrodopamine shell. "Grafting-to" and "grafting-from" methods for synthesis of an irreversibly anchored brush shell to monodisperse, oleic acid coated iron oxide cores are compared. Thereafter, it is shown that local heating by magnetic fields as well as global thermal heating can be used to efficiently and reversibly aggregate, magnetically extract nanoparticles from solution and spontaneously redisperse them. The coupling of magnetic and thermally responsive properties points to novel uses as smart materials, for example, in integrated devices for molecular separation and extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Kurzhals
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Ronald Zirbs
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, Department of Nanobiotechnology, University
of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 11, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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McDonald S, Wood JA, FitzGerald PA, Craig VSJ, Warr GG, Atkin R. Interfacial and bulk nanostructure of liquid polymer nanocomposites. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:3763-3770. [PMID: 25738746 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Liquid polymer nanocomposites (l-PNCs) have been prepared using silica nanoparticles with diameters of 15 nm (l-PNC-15) and 24 nm (l-PNC-24), and Jeffamine M-2070, an amine-terminated ethylene oxide/propylene oxide (PEO/PPO, ratio 31/10) copolymer. Jeffamine M-2070 was used as the host liquid in which the particles were suspended and was also grafted onto the particle surface to prevent aggregation. The grafting density of Jeffamine M-2070 on the particle surfaces was ∼0.75 chains nm(-2). When the total polymer content (surface layer + host) was greater than ∼30 wt %, the PNC was a liquid, while at lower polymer volume fractions the PNC was solid. In this work, the bulk and surface structures of l-PNCs with ∼70 wt % polymer and 30% silica are characterized and compared. Small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) was used to probe the bulk structure of the l-PNCs and revealed that the particles are well-dispersed with minor clustering in l-PNC-15 and substantial clustering in l-PNC-24. This is attributed to stronger van der Waals attractions between particles due to the larger particle size in l-PNC-24. Corresponding effects were revealed using tapping mode atomic force microscopy (TM-AFM) at the l-PNC-air interface; clustering was minimal on the surface of l-PNC-15 but significant for l-PNC-24 droplets. In regions of the l-PNC where the particles were well-dispersed, the spacing between particles is consistent with their volume fractions. This is the first time that the distribution of polymer and particles within l-PNCs has been imaged in situ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samila McDonald
- †The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
| | - Jared A Wood
- ‡The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | | | - Vincent S J Craig
- §Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 0200, Australia
| | - Gregory G Warr
- ‡The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Rob Atkin
- †The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales 2308, Australia
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