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Alshahrani MY, Jasim SA, Altalbawy FMA, Bansal P, Kaur H, Al-Hamdani MM, Deorari M, Abosaoda MK, Hamzah HF, A Mohammed B. A comprehensive insight into the immunomodulatory role of MSCs-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) through modulating pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). Cell Biochem Funct 2024; 42:e4029. [PMID: 38773914 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.4029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cell-derived exosomes (MSC-Exos) are emerging as remarkable agents in the field of immunomodulation with vast potential for diagnosing and treating various diseases, including cancer and autoimmune disorders. These tiny vesicles are laden with a diverse cargo encompassing proteins, nucleic acids, lipids, and bioactive molecules, offering a wealth of biomarkers and therapeutic options. MSC-Exos exhibit their immunomodulatory prowess by skillfully regulating pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs). They conduct a symphony of immunological responses, modulating B-cell activities, polarizing macrophages toward anti-inflammatory phenotypes, and fine-tuning T-cell activity. These interactions have profound implications for precision medicine, cancer immunotherapy, autoimmune disease management, biomarker discovery, and regulatory approvals. MSC-Exos promises to usher in a new era of tailored therapies, personalized diagnostics, and more effective treatments for various medical conditions. As research advances, their transformative potential in healthcare becomes increasingly evident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Y Alshahrani
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Farag M A Altalbawy
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Duba, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Pooja Bansal
- Department of Biotechnology and Genetics, Jain (Deemed-to-be) University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
- Department of Allied Healthcare and Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Harpreet Kaur
- School of Basic & Applied Sciences, Shobhit University, Gangoh, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Department of Health & Allied Sciences, Arka Jain University, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
| | | | - Mahamedha Deorari
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
| | - Munther Kadhim Abosaoda
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University, Najaf, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Al Diwaniyah, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
- College of Pharmacy, The Islamic University of Babylon, Al Diwaniyah, Iraq
| | - Hamza Fadhel Hamzah
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Bahira A Mohammed
- Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, AL-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq
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2
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Gao Y, Lu J, Wang Z, Sun N, Wu B, Han X, Liu Y, Yu R, Xu Y, Han X, Miao J. L-arginine attenuates Streptococcus uberis-induced inflammation by decreasing miR155 level. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 130:111638. [PMID: 38373387 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/27/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
L-arginine, as an essential substance of the immune system, plays a vital role in innate immunity. MiR155, a multi-functional microRNA, has gained importance as a regulator of homeostasis in immune cells. However, the immunoregulatory mechanism between L-arginine and miR155 in bacterial infections is unknown. Here, we investigated the potential role of miR155 in inflammation and the molecular regulatory mechanisms of L-arginine in Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) infections. And we observed that miR155 was up-regulated after infection, accompanying the depletion of L-arginine, leading to metabolic disorders of amino acids and severe tissue damage. Mechanically, the upregulated miR155 mediated by the p65 protein played a pro-inflammatory role by suppressing the suppressor of cytokine signaling 6 (SOCS6)-mediated p65 ubiquitination and degradation. This culminated in a violently inflammatory response and tissue damage. Interestingly, a significant anti-inflammatory effect was revealed in L-arginine supplementation by reducing miR155 production via inhibiting p65. This work firstly uncovers the pro-inflammatory role of miR155 and an anti-inflammatory mechanism of L-arginine in S.uberis infection with a mouse mastitis model. Collectively, we provide new insights and strategies for the prevention and control of this important pathogen, which is of great significance for ensuring human food health and safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yabing Gao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinye Lu
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Zhenglei Wang
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Naiyan Sun
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Binfeng Wu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xinru Han
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Yuzhen Liu
- Jiangsu Agri-animal Husbandry Vocational College, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Rui Yu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiangan Han
- Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Jinfeng Miao
- MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, Key Laboratory of Animal Physiology & Biochemistry, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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Khan MZ, Huang B, Kou X, Chen Y, Liang H, Ullah Q, Khan IM, Khan A, Chai W, Wang C. Enhancing bovine immune, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses with vitamins, rumen-protected amino acids, and trace minerals to prevent periparturient mastitis. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1290044. [PMID: 38259482 PMCID: PMC10800369 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1290044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Mastitis, the inflammatory condition of mammary glands, has been closely associated with immune suppression and imbalances between antioxidants and free radicals in cattle. During the periparturient period, dairy cows experience negative energy balance (NEB) due to metabolic stress, leading to elevated oxidative stress and compromised immunity. The resulting abnormal regulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), along with increased non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHBA) are the key factors associated with suppressed immunity thereby increases susceptibility of dairy cattle to infections, including mastitis. Metabolic diseases such as ketosis and hypocalcemia indirectly contribute to mastitis vulnerability, exacerbated by compromised immune function and exposure to physical injuries. Oxidative stress, arising from disrupted balance between ROS generation and antioxidant availability during pregnancy and calving, further contributes to mastitis susceptibility. Metabolic stress, marked by excessive lipid mobilization, exacerbates immune depression and oxidative stress. These factors collectively compromise animal health, productive efficiency, and udder health during periparturient phases. Numerous studies have investigated nutrition-based strategies to counter these challenges. Specifically, amino acids, trace minerals, and vitamins have emerged as crucial contributors to udder health. This review comprehensively examines their roles in promoting udder health during the periparturient phase. Trace minerals like copper, selenium, and calcium, as well as vitamins; have demonstrated significant impacts on immune regulation and antioxidant defense. Vitamin B12 and vitamin E have shown promise in improving metabolic function and reducing oxidative stress followed by enhanced immunity. Additionally, amino acids play a pivotal role in maintaining cellular oxidative balance through their involvement in vital biosynthesis pathways. In conclusion, addressing periparturient mastitis requires a holistic understanding of the interplay between metabolic stress, immune regulation, and oxidative balance. The supplementation of essential amino acids, trace minerals, and vitamins emerges as a promising avenue to enhance udder health and overall productivity during this critical phase. This comprehensive review underscores the potential of nutritional interventions in mitigating periparturient bovine mastitis and lays the foundation for future research in this domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Bingjian Huang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
- College of Life Sciences, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Xiyan Kou
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yinghui Chen
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Huili Liang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Qudrat Ullah
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
| | | | - Adnan Khan
- Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Wenqiong Chai
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
| | - Changfa Wang
- Liaocheng Research Institute of Donkey High-efficiency Breeding and Ecological Feeding, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China
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Zhu MR, Wang HR, Han FX, Cai ZL, Wang JJ, Guo MY. Polyethylene microplastics cause apoptosis via the MiR-132/CAPN axis and inflammation in carp ovarian. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2023; 265:106780. [PMID: 38041969 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2023.106780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Microplastics (MPs) are widely distributed pollutants in the environment and accumulate in the aquatic environment due to human activities. Carp, a common edible aquatic organism, has been found to accumulate MPs in body. MicroRNA (miRNAs) is a non-coding short RNA that regulates protein expression by binding to target genes in various physiological processes such as proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. The ovary is a crucial role in carp reproduction. In this study, we established a model of carp exposed to polyethylene microplastics (PE-MPs) in the aquatic environment to investigate the specific mechanism of PE-MPs causing ovarian injury and the involvement of miR-132/calpain (CAPN) axis. H&E stained sections revealed that PE-PMs induced inflammation in ovarian tissues and impaired oocyte development. TUNEL analysis showed an increased rate of apoptosis in ovarian cells treated with PE-PMs. RT-PCR and Western Blot assays confirmed that exposure to PE-MPs significantly decreased miR-132 expression while increasing CAPN expression at both mRNA and protein levels. The concentration of calcium ions was significantly increased in tissues, leading to CAPN enzyme activity increase. The expression of mitochondrial damage-related genes (bax, AIF, cyt-c, caspase-7, caspase-9, and caspase-3) was higher while the expression of anti-apoptotic genes (bcl-2 and bcl-xl) was lower. Protein levels of bax, AIF, caspase-3, bcl-2 and bcl-xl changed accordingly with the genetic alterations. Additionally, we discovered that PE-MPs can activate the p65 factor through the TRAF6/NF-kB pathway resulting in elevated production of pro-inflammatory factors IL-6, IL-1β and TNF-a which contribute to ovarian inflammation development. This study investigates the impact of PE-MPs on carp ovarian function and provides insights into miRNAs' role and their target genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Ran Zhu
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Hong-Ru Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Fu-Xin Han
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhao-Long Cai
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Jing-Jing Wang
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Meng-Yao Guo
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China.
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Cao L, Gao S, Liu J, Wang J, Qin R. Selenomethionine protects against Escherichia coli-induced endometritis by inhibiting inflammation and necroptosis via regulating the PPAR-γ/NF-κB pathway. Chem Biol Interact 2023; 379:110532. [PMID: 37150495 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Endometritis, inflammation of the endometrium, is a major cause of subfertility in women. Selenomethionine (SeMet)is known to exert anti-inflammatory activity. We aimed to verify the protective roles of SeMet on Escherichia coli (E.coli)-induced endometritis. The extent of uterus damage was assessed by detecting histopathology and inflammatory mediators. The results revealed that SeMet significantly prevented E.coli-induced endometritis by attenuating uterine histopathology and inflammatory cytokine production. E.coli-induced MPO activity and MDA content were inhibited by SeMey. E.coli-induced ZO-1 and occludin were upregulated by SeMet. E.coli-induced necroptosis was also inhibited by SeMet. Additionally, E.coli-induced NF-κB activation was alleviated by SeMet. PPAR-γ expression was upregulated by SeMet. Notably, the protective effects of SeMet on endometritis were abolished by a PPAR-γ inhibitor. In conclusion, SeMet inhibits E.coli-induced endometritis by attenuating inflammation and necroptosis, which is mediated by the PPAR-γ/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Cao
- Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Erdao District, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Shouyang Gao
- Department of Obstetrics, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Erdao District, 126 Sendai Street, Changchun, Jilin Province, 130033, China
| | - Junbao Liu
- Department of Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China
| | - Junrong Wang
- Department of Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China.
| | - Rui Qin
- Department of Gynecology, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, 130033, China.
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Wang X, Lu W, Xia X, Zhu Y, Ge C, Guo X, Zhang N, Chen H, Xu S. Selenomethionine mitigate PM2.5-induced cellular senescence in the lung via attenuating inflammatory response mediated by cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 247:114266. [PMID: 36334339 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.114266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) is a widely known atmospheric pollutant which can induce the aging-related pulmonary diseases such as acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). In recent years, with the increasing atmospheric pollution, airborne fine PM2.5, which is an integral part of air pollutants, has become a thorny problem. Hence, this study focused on the effect of PM2.5 on cellular senescence in the lung, identifying which inflammatory pathway mediated PM2.5-induced cellular senescence and how to play a protective role against this issue. Our data suggested that PM2.5 induced time- and concentration-dependent increasement in the senescence of A549 cells. Using an inhibitor of cGAS (PF-06928215) and an inhibitor of NF-κB (BAY 11-7082), it was revealed that PM2.5-induced senescence was regulated by inflammatory response, which was closely related to the cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway activated by DNA damage. Moreover, our study also showed that the pretreatment with selenomethionine (Se-Met) could inhibit inflammatory response and prevent cellular senescence by hindering cGAS/STING/NF-κB pathway in A549 cells exposed to PM2.5. Furthermore, in vivo C57BL/6J mice model demonstrated that aging of mouse lung tissue caused by PM2.5 was attenuated by decreasing cGAS expression after Se-Met treatment. Our findings indicated that selenium made a defense capability for PM2.5-induced cellular senescence in the lung, which provided a novel insight for resisting the harm of PM2.5 to human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Wang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Wenzun Lu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Xuanyi Xia
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Yuchen Zhu
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Chunmei Ge
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Guo
- Institute of Agricultural Engineering, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Science, Hefei 230031, PR China
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China
| | - Hua Chen
- School of Biology, Food and Environment, Hefei University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
| | - Shengmin Xu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, PR China.
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Zong W, Zhang T, Chen B, Lu Q, Cao X, Wang K, Yang Z, Chen Z, Yang Y. Emerging roles of noncoding micro RNAs and circular RNAs in bovine mastitis: Regulation, breeding, diagnosis, and therapy. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1048142. [DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1048142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine mastitis is one of the most troublesome and costly problems in the modern dairy industry, which is not only difficult to monitor, but can also cause economic losses while having significant implications on public health. However, efficacious preventative methods and therapy are still lacking. Moreover, new drugs and therapeutic targets are in increasing demand due to antibiotic restrictions. In recent years, noncoding RNAs have gained popularity as a topic in pathological and genetic studies. Meanwhile, there is growing evidence that they play a role in regulating various biological processes and developing novel treatment platforms. In light of this, this review focuses on two types of noncoding RNAs, micro RNAs and circular RNAs, and summarizes their characterizations, relationships, potential applications as selection markers, diagnostic or treatment targets and potential applications in RNA-based therapy, in order to shed new light on further research.
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Zhang K, Gu X, Xia Y, Zhao X, Khoso Pervez A, Li S. MiR-129-3p regulates ferroptosis in the liver of Selenium-deficient broilers by targeting SLC7A11. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102271. [PMID: 36436380 PMCID: PMC9700304 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) has been proven to be an essential trace element for organism. Se deficiency in poultry can cause widespread damage, such as exudative diathesis. The liver is not only the main organ of metabolism, but also one of the organs with high Se content in organism. Recent studies have shown that solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11) plays a key role in the negative regulation of ferroptosis. In order to explore the mechanism of Se deficiency induces liver ferroptosis in broilers, and the role of microRNAs (miRNAs) in this process, we divided broilers into 2 groups: control group (0.2 mg/kg Se) and Se deficiency group (0.03 mg/kg Se). Hematoxylin-Eosin staining detected liver tissue damage in broilers. Predicted and verified the targeting relationship between miR-129-3p and SLC7A11 through miRDB and dual luciferase report experiments. The genes related to ferroptosis were detected by qRT-PCR and Western Blot. The results showed that the expression level of miR-129-3p mRNA in Se-deficient liver was significantly increased. To understand whether the miR-129-3p/SLC7A11 axis could involve in the process of ferroptosis, our further research showed that overexpression of miR-129-3p could reduce the expression of SLC7A11 and its downstream GCL, GSS, and GPX4, thereby inducing ferroptosis. These data indicates that miR-129-3p affected ferroptosis under Se deficiency conditions through the SLC7A11 pathway. Our research provides a new perspective for the mechanism of Se deficiency on the liver damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaixin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xuedie Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochun Zhao
- Animal Disease Control and Prevention of Heilongjiang Province, Harbin 150069, China
| | - Ahmed Khoso Pervez
- Shaheed Benazir Bhutto, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Sakrand, Pakistan
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, P. R. China.
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Li J, Sun G, Ma H, Wu X, Li C, Ding P, Lu S, Li Y, Yang P, Li C, Yang J, Peng Y, Meng Z, Wang L. Identification of immune-related hub genes and miRNA-mRNA pairs involved in immune infiltration in human septic cardiomyopathy by bioinformatics analysis. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:971543. [PMID: 36204577 PMCID: PMC9530044 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.971543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a serious complication caused by sepsis that will further exacerbate the patient's prognosis. However, immune-related genes (IRGs) and their molecular mechanism during septic cardiomyopathy are largely unknown. Therefore, our study aims to explore the immune-related hub genes (IRHGs) and immune-related miRNA-mRNA pairs with potential biological regulation in SCM by means of bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Method Firstly, screen differentially expressed mRNAs (DE-mRNAs) from the dataset GSE79962, and construct a PPI network of DE-mRNAs. Secondly, the hub genes of SCM were identified from the PPI network and the hub genes were overlapped with immune cell marker genes (ICMGs) to further obtain IRHGs in SCM. In addition, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was also performed in this process to determine the disease diagnostic capability of IRHGs. Finally, the crucial miRNA-IRHG regulatory network of IRHGs was predicted and constructed by bioinformatic methods. Real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR (qRT-PCR) and dataset GSE72380 were used to validate the expression of the key miRNA-IRHG axis. Result The results of immune infiltration showed that neutrophils, Th17 cells, Tfh cells, and central memory cells in SCM had more infiltration than the control group; A total of 2 IRHGs were obtained by crossing the hub gene with the ICMGs, and the IRHGs were validated by dataset and qRT-PCR. Ultimately, we obtained the IRHG in SCM: THBS1. The ROC curve results of THBS1 showed that the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.909. Finally, the miR-222-3p/THBS1 axis regulatory network was constructed. Conclusion In summary, we propose that THBS1 may be a key IRHG, and can serve as a biomarker for the diagnosis of SCM; in addition, the immune-related regulatory network miR-222-3p/THBS1 may be involved in the regulation of the pathogenesis of SCM and may serve as a promising candidate for SCM therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Guihu Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Haocheng Ma
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Xinyu Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chaozhong Li
- Department of Emergency, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Peng Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Si Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Ping Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Chaguo Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Yunzhu Peng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
| | - Zhaohui Meng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- *Correspondence: Zhaohui Meng
| | - Luqiao Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China
- Luqiao Wang
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Genome-wide post-transcriptional regulation of bovine mammary gland response to Streptococcus uberis. J Appl Genet 2022; 63:771-782. [PMID: 36066834 DOI: 10.1007/s13353-022-00722-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) as post-transcriptionally regulators of gene expression have been shown to be critical regulators to fine-tuning immune responses, besides their criteria for being an ideal biomarker. The regulatory role of miRNAs in responses to most mastitis-causing pathogens is not well understood. Gram-positive Streptococcus uberis (Str. uberis), the leading pathogen in dairy herds, cause both clinical and subclinical infections. In this study, a system biology approach was used to better understand the main post-transcriptional regulatory functions and elements of bovine mammary gland response to Str. uberis infection. Publicly available miRNA-Seq data containing 50 milk samples of the ten dairy cows (five controls and five infected) were retrieved for this current research. Functional enrichment analysis of predicted targets revealed that highly confident responsive miRNAs (4 up- and 19 downregulated) mainly regulate genes involved in the regulation of transcription, apoptotic process, regulation of cell adhesion, and pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Time series analysis showed that six gene clusters significantly differed in comparisons between Str. uberis-induced samples with controls. Additionally, other bioinformatic analysis, including upstream network analysis, showed essential genes, including TP53 and TGFB1 and some small molecules, including glucose, curcumin, and LPS, commonly regulate most of the downregulated miRNAs. Upregulated miRNAs are commonly controlled by the most important genes, including IL1B, NEAT1, DICER1 enzyme and small molecules including estradiol, tamoxifen, estrogen, LPS, and epigallocatechin. Our study used results of next-generation sequencing to reveal key miRNAs as the main regulator of gene expression responses to a Gram-positive bacterial infection. Furthermore, by gene regulatory network (GRN) analysis, we can introduce the common upregulator transcription factor of these miRNAs. Such milk-based miRNA signature(s) would facilitate risk stratification for large-scale prevention programs and provide an opportunity for early diagnosis and therapeutic intervention.
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Ma X, Xu S, Li J, Cui L, Dong J, Meng X, Zhu G, Wang H. Selenomethionine protected BMECs from inflammatory injury and oxidative damage induced by Klebsiella pneumoniae by inhibiting the NF-κB and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 110:109027. [PMID: 35820365 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is one of the main environmental pathogens causing bovine mastitis. The incidence of bovine mastitis caused by K. pneumoniae is increasing worldwide. Selenium is an essential trace element that has multiple physiological functions, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Therefore, this study aimed to verify whether selenomethionine (SeMet) could contribute to alleviating the inflammatory injury and oxidative damage induced by K. pneumoniae. Bovine mammary epithelial cells were cultured in vitro and pretreated with 4 μM SeMet before being infected with K. pneumoniae. Western blot analysis was used to detect the expression of the related proteins in the NF-κB and Nrf2 signaling pathways. The gene expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, Nrf2, Keap1, NQO-1 and HO-1 were detected using RT-qPCR. The levels of MDA, GSH-PX, SOD, CAT and T-AOC were detected by commercial assay kits. Flow cytometry was used to determine the level of intracellular ROS, and immunofluorescence was used to detect the nuclear localization of Nrf2 protein. Briefly, SeMet downregulated the phosphorylation levels of IκBα and p65 proteins and the gene expression levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α were also decreased. Moreover, the protein and gene expression levels of Nrf2, NQO-1 and HO-1 were upregulated, and the nuclear expression of Nrf2 protein was also promoted, which enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes. In conclusion, SeMet protected BMECs from inflammatory injury and oxidative stress induced by K. pneumoniae by inhibiting the NF-κB and activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Ma
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infection Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Siyan Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infection Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infection Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infection Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Junsheng Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infection Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Xia Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infection Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infection Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infection Disease and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, China.
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Vitexin Mitigates Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Mastitis via Regulation of ROS/ER Stress/NF- κB/MAPK Pathway. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:7977433. [PMID: 35795861 PMCID: PMC9252844 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7977433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mastitis, caused by a variety of pathogenic microorganisms, seriously threatens the safety and economic benefits of the dairy industry. Vitexin, a flavone glucoside found in many plant species, has been widely reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anticancer, neuroprotective, and cardioprotective effects. However, few studies have explored the effect of vitexin on mastitis. This study is aimed at exploring whether the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions of vitexin can improve Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis and its possible molecular mechanism. The expression profiles of S. aureus-infected bovine mammary epithelial cells and gland tissues from the GEO data set (GSE94056 and GSE139612) were analyzed and found that DEGs were mainly involved in immune signaling pathways, apoptosis, and ER stress through GO and KEGG enrichment. Vitexin blocked the production of ROS and increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, GSH-PX, and CAT) via activation of PPARγ in vivo and in vitro. In addition, vitexin reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and inhibited apoptosis in MAC-T cells and mouse mammary tissues infected with Staphylococcus aureus. Moreover, vitexin decreased the expression of PDI, Ero1-Lα, p-IRE1α, PERK, p-eIF2α, and CHOP protein but increased BiP in both mammary gland cells and tissues challenged by S. aureus. Western blot results also found that the phosphorylation levels of JNK, ERK, p38, and p65 were reduced in vitexin-treated tissues and cells. Vitexin inhibited the production of ROS through promoting PPARγ, increased the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and reduced inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis by alleviating ER stress and inactivation MAPKs and NF-κB signaling pathway. Vitexin maybe have great potential to be a preventive and therapeutic agent for mastitis.
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Exploring the Action Mechanism of the Active Ingredient of Quercetin in Ligustrum lucidum on the Mouse Mastitis Model Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Biology Validation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:4236222. [PMID: 35722145 PMCID: PMC9205729 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4236222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Aim The aim of this study is to explore the mechanism of action of quercetin, the main active anti-inflammatory component of Ligustrum lucidum, in the prevention and treatment of mastitis. Methods Prediction of the main active ingredients and key anti-inflammatory targets of Ligustrum lucidum using a network pharmacology platform and molecular biology validation of the results. Observation of histopathological changes in the mouse mammary gland by hematoxylin-eosin staining(H&E) method, quantitative real-time PCR(qPCR), and Western blot (WB) to detect the expression levels of relevant inflammatory factors mRNA and protein. Results A total of 7 active ingredients and 42 key targets were obtained from the network pharmacological analysis of Ligustrum lucidum, with quercetin as the main core ingredient and tumor necrosis factor(TNF), serine threonine protein kinase1(AKT1), and interleukin6(IL6) as the core targets; H&E results showed that pathological changes were reduced to different degrees in the dose group compared to the model group. The qPCR results showed that the relative expression of TNF and IL6 mRNA in the high dose group on day 3 and the high and medium dose groups on day 7 were not significantly different compared with the blank group (P > 0.05), and the difference between the dose groups on day 5 was significant (P < 0.05). WB results showed that the difference in nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB) protein expression in the medium and low dose groups on day 7 was significant compared with the blank group (P < 0.05), the difference in 5 and 7 days, significant differences in AKT1 protein expression between the middle and low dose groups (P < 0.05), nonsignificant differences in the TNF protein expression between the high dose groups on day 7 (P > 0.05), and significant differences in the IL6 protein expression between the middle and low dose groups on days 3 and 7 (P < 0.05). Conclusion Quercetin, the main active ingredient of Ligustrum lucidum, may act in the prevention and treatment of mastitis by inhibiting the expression of inflammatory factors in phosphoinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)-AKT and NF-κB signaling pathways and showa a significant dose-dependent effect. This study provides theoretical basis and clues for the control of mastitis in dairy cows.
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Zhang Y, Xu Y, Chen B, Zhao B, Gao XJ. Selenium Deficiency Promotes Oxidative Stress-Induced Mastitis via Activating the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in Dairy Cow. Biol Trace Elem Res 2022; 200:2716-2726. [PMID: 34455543 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-021-02882-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an antioxidant and immunomodulator that can participate in the control of specific endocrine pathways. Disturbance of redox homeostasis is closely related to the pathogenesis of many diseases. Se is also an important nutrient element for dairy cows. First, oxidative stress (OS) induced by Se deficiency was investigated along with a possible mechanism of its induction of mammary gland inflammation. This investigation used in vivo and in vitro experiments for verification. Once the OS response was triggered, the activity of antioxidant enzymes was reduced by regulation of the concentration of Se, which led to the accumulation of ROS. TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 secretion was promoted to activate the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway. This process further promoted the accumulation of cytokines that aggravated the inflammatory response. Herein, it was verified that Se deficiency induces OS, which leads to ROS accumulation and the secretion of inflammatory factors to activate the NF-κB/MAPK signaling pathway and promote the occurrence of mastitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhe Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Yueqi Xu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bowen Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Jiao Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang D, Jin G, Liu W, Dou M, Wang X, Shi W, Bao Y. Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides ameliorates Staphylococcus aureus-induced mastitis in rats by inhibiting activation of the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways. BMC Vet Res 2022; 18:201. [PMID: 35624447 PMCID: PMC9137159 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-022-03312-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The lactation capacity of dairy cows is critical to the productivity of the animals. Mastitis is a disease that directly affects the lactation capacity of cows. Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is one of the most important pathogens that causes mastitis in dairy cows. The anti-inflammatory effect of Salvia miltiorrhiza polysaccharides (SMPs) has been demonstrated in mice and chickens. However, the effectiveness of SMPs in preventing and treating mastitis is unclear. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore the protective effect and mechanism of SMPs on mastitis caused by S. aureus. S. aureus was used to induce mastitis in rats, and three doses of SMPs (87.5, 175, 350 mg/kg, BW/d) were administered as treatments. The bacterial load, histopathology, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAGase) activities of mammary glands were observed and measured. Cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), were examined by qRT-PCR and ELISA. Key proteins in the NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways were analyzed by Western blotting. The results showed that SMP supplementation could significantly reduce the colonization of S. aureus and the recruitment of inflammatory cells in mammary glands. S. aureus-induced gene transcription and protein expression of IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α were significantly suppressed in mammary glands. In addition, the increase in NF-κB and MAPK protein phosphorylation was inhibited by SMPs. These results revealed that supplementation with SMPs protected the mammary gland of rats against damage caused by S. aureus and alleviated the inflammatory response. This study provides a certain experimental basis for the treatment of S. aureus-induced mastitis with SMPs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596, Le Kai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Guozhong Jin
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596, Le Kai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Wei Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596, Le Kai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Mengmeng Dou
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596, Le Kai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596, Le Kai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China
| | - Wanyu Shi
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596, Le Kai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Provincial Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Baoding, China.
| | - Yongzhan Bao
- College of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, 2596, Le Kai South Street, Baoding, 071001, Hebei, China.
- Hebei Provincial Veterinary Biotechnology Innovation Center, Baoding, China.
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Gao PC, Chen XW, Chu JH, Li LX, Wang ZY, Fan RF. Antagonistic effect of selenium on mercuric chloride in the central immune organs of chickens: The role of microRNA-183/135b-FOXO1/TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome axis. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2022; 37:1047-1057. [PMID: 34995020 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Mercury (Hg) is a persistent environmental and industrial pollutant that accumulated in the body and induces oxidative stress and inflammation damage. Selenium (Se) has been reported to antagonize immune organs damage caused by heavy metals. Here, we aimed to investigate the prevent effect of Se on mercuric chloride (HgCl2 )-induced thymus and bursa of Fabricius (BF) damage in chickens. The results showed that HgCl2 caused immunosuppression by reducing the relative weight, cortical area of the thymus and BF, and the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes. Meanwhile, HgCl2 induced oxidative stress and imbalance in cytokines expression in the thymus and BF. Further, we found that thioredoxin-interacting protein (TXNIP) and the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome mediated HgCl2 -induced oxidative stress and inflammation. Mechanically, the targeting and inhibitory effect of microRNA (miR)-135b/183 on forkhead box O1 (FOXO1) were an upstream event for HgCl2 -activated TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Most importantly, Se effectively attenuated the aforementioned damage in the thymus and BF caused by HgCl2 and inhibited the TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome pathway by reversing the expression of FOXO1 through inhibiting miR-135b/183. In conclusion, the miR-135b/183-FOXO1/TXNIP/NLRP3 inflammasome axis might be a novel mechanism for Se to antagonize HgCl2 -induced oxidative stress and inflammation in the central immune organs of chickens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chao Gao
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xue-Wei Chen
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jia-Hong Chu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Lan-Xin Li
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zhen-Yong Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
| | - Rui-Feng Fan
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Biotechnology and Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
- Shandong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Animal Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an City, Shandong Province, China
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Gong CW, Yuan MM, Qiu BQ, Wang LJ, Zou HX, Hu T, Lai SQ, Liu JC. Identification and Validation of Ferroptosis-Related Biomarkers in Septic Cardiomyopathy via Bioinformatics Analysis. Front Genet 2022; 13:827559. [PMID: 35495160 PMCID: PMC9043284 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.827559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) is a cardiac dysfunction caused by severe sepsis and septic shock that increases the risk of heart failure and death and its molecular mechanism remains unclear. Ferroptosis, a novel form of programmed cell death, has been reported to be present in the heart tissue of patients with sepsis, which demonstrated that ferroptosis may be a potential mechanism of myocardial injury in SCM. Therefore, we explored the role of ferroptosis-related genes (FRGs) in SCM and aimed to identify pivotal ferroptosis-related targets in SCM and potential therapeutic targets involved in the pathological process of SCM. To explore the regulatory mechanisms of ferroptosis in SCM, we identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in SCM and FRGs by bioinformatics analysis, and further identified hub genes. And the crucial microRNAs (miRNAs)-FRGs regulatory network was subsequently constructed. Finally, several candidate drugs associated with the hub genes were predicted, and Real-time quantitative reverse Transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting analysis were performed to confirm the abnormal expression of hub genes. In this study, we identified several FRGs that may be involved in the pathogenesis of SCM, which helps us further clarify the role of ferroptosis in SCM and deeply understand the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of SCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Wu Gong
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ming-Ming Yuan
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Bai-Quan Qiu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Li-Jun Wang
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Hua-Xi Zou
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Tie Hu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Song-Qing Lai
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Ji-Chun Liu, ; Song-Qing Lai,
| | - Ji-Chun Liu
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Jiangxi Academy of Clinical Medical Sciences, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
- *Correspondence: Ji-Chun Liu, ; Song-Qing Lai,
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Yang J, Hu QC, Wang JP, Ren QQ, Wang XP, Luoreng ZM, Wei DW, Ma Y. RNA-Seq Reveals the Role of miR-29c in Regulating Inflammation and Oxidative Stress of Bovine Mammary Epithelial Cells. Front Vet Sci 2022; 9:865415. [PMID: 35433915 PMCID: PMC9011060 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2022.865415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy mammary gland is essential for milk performance in dairy cows. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the key molecules to regulate the steady state of mammary gland in dairy cows. This study investigated the potential role of miR-29c in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs). RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to measure the transcriptome profile of bovine mammary epithelial cells line (MAC-T) transfected with miR-29c inhibitor or negative control (NC) inhibitor, and then differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were screened. The results showed that a total of 42 up-regulated and 27 down-regulated genes were found in the miR-29c inhibitor group compared with the NC inhibitor group. The functional enrichment of the above DEGs indicates that miR-29c is a potential regulator of oxidative stress and inflammatory response in bMECs through multiple genes, such as forkhead box O1 (FOXO1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and major histocompatibility complex, class II, DQ alpha 5 (BoLA-DQA5) in the various biological process and signaling pathways of stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade, Epstein-Barr virus infection, inflammatory bowel disease, etc. The results imply that miR-29c plays an important role in a steady state of bMECs or cow mammary gland and may be a potential therapeutic target for mastitis in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Yang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qi-Chao Hu
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jin-Peng Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Qian-Qian Ren
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Xing-Ping Wang
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
- *Correspondence: Xing-Ping Wang
| | - Zhuo-Ma Luoreng
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
- Zhuo-Ma Luoreng
| | - Da-Wei Wei
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
| | - Yun Ma
- School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, China
- Key Laboratory of Ruminant Molecular Cell Breeding, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Yinchuan, China
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Khan MZ, Ma Y, Xiao J, Chen T, Ma J, Liu S, Wang Y, Khan A, Alugongo GM, Cao Z. Role of Selenium and Vitamins E and B9 in the Alleviation of Bovine Mastitis during the Periparturient Period. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11040657. [PMID: 35453342 PMCID: PMC9032172 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11040657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mastitis (inflammation of the mammary gland) commonly occurs in dairy cattle during the periparturient period (transition period), in which dairy cattle experience physiological and hormonal changes and severe negative energy balance, followed by oxidative stress. To maintain successful lactation and combat negative energy balance (NEB), excessive fat mobilization occurs, leading to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Excessive fat mobilization also increases the concentrations of nonesterified fatty acids (NEFA) and β-hydroxybutyric acid (BHB) during the periparturient period. In addition, the excessive utilization of oxygen by cellular respiration in the mammary causes abnormal production of oxidative stress (OS). OS impairs the immunity and anti-inflammatory efficiency of periparturient dairy cattle, increasing their susceptibility to mastitis. To alleviate oxidative stress and subsequent mastitis, antioxidants are supplemented to dairy cattle from an external source. Extensive studies have been conducted on the supplementation of selenium (Se) and vitamins E and B9 to mitigate mastitis during the transition period in dairy cattle. Altogether, in the current review, we discuss the research development on bovine mastitis and its major causes, with special emphasis on oxidative stress during the transition period. Moreover, we discuss the antioxidant, immunoregulatory, and anti-inflammatory properties of Se and vitamins E and B9 and their role in the control of bovine mastitis in periparturient dairy cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zahoor Khan
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Agriculture, Dera Ismail Khan 29220, Pakistan
| | - Yulin Ma
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Jianxin Xiao
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Tianyu Chen
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Jiaying Ma
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Shuai Liu
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Yajing Wang
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Adnan Khan
- Shenzhen Branch, Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen 518120, China;
| | - Gibson Maswayi Alugongo
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
| | - Zhijun Cao
- Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (M.Z.K.); (Y.M.); (J.X.); (T.C.); (J.M.); (S.L.); (Y.W.); (G.M.A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-6273-3746
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21
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Suresh S, Sankar P, Kalaivanan R, Telang AG. Ameliorative effect of nanocurcumin on Staphylococcus aureus-induced mouse mastitis by oxidative stress suppression. INORG NANO-MET CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/24701556.2022.2026384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subramaniyam Suresh
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Palanisamy Sankar
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ramya Kalaivanan
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Avinash Gopal Telang
- Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Uttar Pradesh, India
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22
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The Antioxidant Properties of Selenium and Vitamin E; Their Role in Periparturient Dairy Cattle Health Regulation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101555. [PMID: 34679690 PMCID: PMC8532922 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101555] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Dairy cattle experience health risks during the periparturient period. The continuous overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) during the transition from late gestation to peak lactation leads to the development of oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is usually considered the main contributor to several diseases such as retained placenta, fatty liver, ketosis, mastitis and metritis in periparturient dairy cattle. The oxidative stress is generally balanced by the naturally available antioxidant system in the body of dairy cattle. However, in some special conditions, such as the peripariparturient period, the natural antioxidant system of a body is not able to balance the ROS production. To cope with this situation, the antioxidants are supplied to the dairy cattle from external sources. Natural antioxidants such as selenium and vitamin E have been found to restore normal health by minimizing the harmful effects of excessive ROS production. The deficiencies of Se and vitamin E have been reported to be associated with various diseases in periparturient dairy cattle. Thus in the current review, we highlight the new insights into the Se and vitamin E supplementation as antioxidant agents in the health regulation of periparturient dairy cattle.
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Wang H, Chen C, Chen X, Zhang J, Liu Y, Li X. PK/PD Modeling to Assess Rifaximin Clinical Dosage in a Mouse Model of Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Mastitis. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:651369. [PMID: 34195244 PMCID: PMC8236590 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.651369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a common pathogen that causes mastitis, an infection of the milk-secreting tissue of the udder, in dairy cows, and presents a huge economic problem for the dairy industry worldwide. Thus, control and treatment of mastitis in dairy cows is vital in order to reduce the costs associated with the disease. The main purpose of the current work was to examine the current dosage of rifaximin for the treatment mastitis in cows caused by S. aureus using pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic integration in a mouse mastitis model. The mouse mastitis model was established via injection of S. aureus Newbould 305 (400 CFU/gland) into the mouse mammary gland. A single dose of 50, 100, 200, or 400 μg/gland, administered via intramammary infusion, was used to study the pharmacokinetics of rifaximin. The pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed by non-compartment and non-linear mixed-effect models using Phoenix software (version 8.1; Pharsight, USA). In vivo pharmacodynamics was used to examine 18 therapeutic regimens covering various doses ranging from 25 to 800 μg/gland and three dosing intervals of 8, 12, and 24 h per 24 h experiment cycle. The antibacterial effect of rifaximin was elevated with higher concentrations of rifaximin or shorter intervals of administration. The percentage of time that drug concentrations exceeded the MIC during a dose interval (%T > MIC) was generally 100% for rifaximin and was not better than AUC24/MIC in the sigmoid Emax model of inhibitory effect. The optimal antibacterial effect was 2log10CFU/gland when the magnitude of AUC24/MIC reached 14,281.63 h. A total of 14,281.63 h of AUC24/MIC was defined as a target value in the Monte Carlo simulation. The clinically recommended dosage regimen of 100 mg/gland every 8 h in 1 day achieved an 82.97% cure rate for the treatment of bovine mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Honglei Wang
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojie Chen
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jingju Zhang
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yiming Liu
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiubo Li
- National Feed Drug Reference Laboratories, Feed Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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Huang X, Dong YL, Li T, Xiong W, Zhang X, Wang PJ, Huang JQ. Dietary Selenium Regulates microRNAs in Metabolic Disease: Recent Progress. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051527. [PMID: 34062793 PMCID: PMC8147315 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Selenium (Se) is an essential element for the maintenance of a healthy physiological state. However, due to environmental and dietary factors and the narrow safety range of Se, diseases caused by Se deficiency or excess have gained considerable traction in recent years. In particular, links have been identified between low Se status, cognitive decline, immune disorders, and increased mortality, whereas excess Se increases metabolic risk. Considerable evidence has suggested microRNAs (miRNAs) regulate interactions between the environment (including the diet) and genes, and play important roles in several diseases, including cancer. MiRNAs target messenger RNAs to induce changes in proteins including selenoprotein expression, ultimately generating disease. While a plethora of data exists on the epigenetic regulation of other dietary factors, nutrient Se epigenetics and especially miRNA regulated mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, this review mainly focuses on Se metabolism, pathogenic mechanisms, and miRNAs as key regulatory factors in Se-related diseases. Finally, we attempt to clarify the regulatory mechanisms underpinning Se, miRNAs, selenoproteins, and Se-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yu-Lan Dong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tong Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
| | - Peng-Jie Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jia-Qiang Huang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, Department of Nutrition and Health, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; (X.H.); (Y.-L.D.); (T.L.); (W.X.); (X.Z.); (P.-J.W.)
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Department of Nutrition and Health, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence:
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Wang X, Yang B, Cao HL, Wang RY, Lu ZY, Chi RF, Li B. Selenium Supplementation Protects Against Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Heart Injury via Sting Pathway in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1885-1892. [PMID: 32737811 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02295-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunctions are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Selenium, an essential trace element, has been reported to exert anti-inflammation, anti-oxidative stress, and anti-apoptosis. However, the protective effects of selenium on LPS-induced heart injury are still poorly illustrated. Therefore, in the present study, we sought to explore the effects of selenium pretreatment on LPS-induced myocardial injury in mice. We firstly found that selenium pretreatment significantly improved markers of myocardial injury and alleviated LPS-induced myocardial dysfunctions. Moreover, selenium supplementation reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines expression, decreased oxidative stress, and inhibited myocardial apoptosis. In addition, selenium supplementation inactivated the Sting pathway. In conclusion, our study suggests that selenium exerts protective effects on LPS-induced myocardial injury, and the underlying molecular mechanism may be related to the inactivation of Sting pathway, implying a potential therapy for sepsis-induced myocardial dysfunctions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Hui-Li Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Rui-Ying Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Rui-Fang Chi
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China
| | - Bao Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, No. 382 Wuyi Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
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Wang D, Jia D, He R, Lian S, Wang J, Wu R. Association Between Serum Selenium Level and Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Cattle. Biol Trace Elem Res 2021; 199:1389-1396. [PMID: 32583225 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02261-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Selenium is an important element in nutrition, showing great potential in the udder health of dairy cattle and in the control of subclinical mastitis. However, there are few studies on selenium and subclinical mastitis in cows, and the correlation is not clear. A trial was designed to investigate the association between serum selenium levels and the immune and antioxidant capacity of dairy cattle with subclinical mastitis. Fifty cattle in early lactation with similar background information were selected randomly from an intensive dairy farm. Blood samples were collected for the detection of serum selenium levels by ICP-optic emission spectrometer. The cattle were divided into a low-selenium group (< 0.05 mg/L) and three normal selenium groups with different serum selenium levels (0.05-0.08 mg/L). The somatic cell count, immune indexes, and other indexes in the milk of each group were detected. The somatic cell count was found to be negatively correlated with serum selenium level. GSH-Px had a low positive correlation and IL-6 had a low negative correlation with serum selenium level. With a serum glutathione peroxidase < 148 U/L and IL-6 > 451 pg/mL, the risk of subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5 Xinfeng Road, High and new technology development zone, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Daqing Jia
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5 Xinfeng Road, High and new technology development zone, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Ronghe He
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5 Xinfeng Road, High and new technology development zone, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Jixi Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Jixi, 158100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Lian
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5 Xinfeng Road, High and new technology development zone, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfa Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5 Xinfeng Road, High and new technology development zone, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wu
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, No.5 Xinfeng Road, High and new technology development zone, Daqing, 163319, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Prevention and Control of Bovine Diseases, Daqing, 163319, People's Republic of China.
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Ge X, Meng Q, Wei L, Liu J, Li M, Liang X, Lin F, Zhang Y, Li Y, Liu Z, Fan H, Zhou X. Myocardial ischemia-reperfusion induced cardiac extracellular vesicles harbour proinflammatory features and aggravate heart injury. J Extracell Vesicles 2021; 10:e12072. [PMID: 33664937 PMCID: PMC7902529 DOI: 10.1002/jev2.12072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) curb important biological functions. We previously disclosed that ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induces increased release of EVs (IR-EVs) in the heart. However, the role of IR-EVs in IR pathological process remains poorly understood. Here we found that adoptive transfer of IR-EVs aggravated IR induced heart injury, and EV inhibition by GW4869 reduced the IR injury. Our in vivo and in vitro investigations substantiated that IR-EVs facilitated M1-like polarization of macrophages with increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines. Further, we disclosed the miRNA profile in cardiac EVs and confirmed the enrichment of miRNAs, such as miR-155-5p in IR-EVs compared to EVs from the sham heart (S-EVs). In particular, IR-EVs transferred miR-155-5p to macrophages and enhanced the inflammatory response through activating JAK2/STAT1 pathway. Interestingly, IR-EVs not only boosted the local inflammation in the heart, but even triggered systemic inflammation in distant organs. Taken together, we newly identify an IR-EVs-miR-155-5p-M1 polarization axis in the heart post IR. The EVs derived from IR-injured heart contribute to both local and systemic inflammation. Importantly, EV inhibition by GW4869 is supposed to be a promising therapeutic strategy for IR injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Ge
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Qingshu Meng
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Lu Wei
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Mimi Li
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Xiaoting Liang
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Fang Lin
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Yuhui Zhang
- Department of UltrasoundShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Yinzhen Li
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Respiratory MedicineShanghai East HospitalSchool of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Zhongmin Liu
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Heart FailureShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Huimin Fan
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Cardiothoracic SurgeryShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Department of Heart FailureShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Research Center for Translational MedicineShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Shanghai Heart Failure Research CenterShanghai East HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
- Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Cardiovascular Chronic DiseasesTongji University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R. China
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28
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Wang YS, Teng GQ, Zhou H, Dong CL. Germanium Reduces Inflammatory Damage in Mammary Glands During Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Mastitis in Mice. Biol Trace Elem Res 2020; 198:617-626. [PMID: 32144718 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-020-02106-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ge is a trace element needed for good nutrition and health protection in animals and humans. Ge can be consumed by drinking or eating or administered by injection and transferred with the blood to exert pharmacological activities. The blood is important in the formation of milk. Mastitis is a serious health hazard in animals and humans. The present study explored the effect of Ge on mastitis and the potential underlying mechanism. A mastitis mouse model was established with LPS. mMECs were prepared for study in vitro. Histopathological changes showed that Ge had a protective effect on mammary gland tissues. Ge inhibited MPO activity to reduce inflammatory cell infiltration during mastitis. ELISA and qPCR results for tissues and cells showed that the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 was decreased and that of IL-10 was increased by Ge in a dose-dependent manner in mastitis. An analysis of protein phosphorylation was performed with sandwich ELISAs for both tissues and mMECs. The results showed that Ge significantly inhibited the phosphorylation of IκB, NF-κB p65, p38, ERK, and JNK, which was dramatically increased by LPS. These results demonstrate that Ge has an inhibitory effect on inflammation that protects mammary gland tissues by inhibiting NF-κB and MAPK pathway activation and reducing TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 expression. Ge may be an effective clinical treatment for mastitis and other inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Sheng Wang
- Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guo-Qing Teng
- Animal Science and Technology College, Jilin Agricultural Science and Technology University, Jilin, 132101, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Zhou
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 132101, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Liu Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 132101, People's Republic of China
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Jing H, Zhang Q, Li S, Gao XJ. Pb exposure triggers MAPK-dependent inflammation by activating oxidative stress and miRNA-155 expression in carp head kidney. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 106:219-227. [PMID: 32781208 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2020.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead (Pb) is a toxic heavy metal and an aquatic pollutant. Various amounts of heavy metals are released into the environment through industrial discharge, causing excessive contamination of aquatic ecosystems. The head kidney is a unique immune organ of the bony fish and plays an important role in the metabolism of heavy metals. Studies of toxic Pb exposure that have investigated the head kidney of carp are limited. This study was carried out to explore the potential immunotoxicity effects of Pb and the specific related mechanisms in the carp head kidney. Pb poisoning was shown to induce the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the expression levels of phosphorylated proteins related to the MAPK pathway, including p38, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK), and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). We also found that microRNA-155 played a key role in regulating the production of inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, and the pre-miRNA-155 inhibitor reversed the Pb-induced inflammation. In conclusion, these in vitro and in vivo findings suggest that oxidative stress and the MAPKs are involved in the Pb-induced inflammasome response, and the production of microRNA-155 aggravated the occurrence of inflammation in carp head kidney.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyuan Jing
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Qirui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Shu Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue-Jiao Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Liu K, Ding T, Fang L, Cui L, Li J, Meng X, Zhu G, Qian C, Wang H, Li J. Organic Selenium Ameliorates Staphylococcus aureus-Induced Mastitis in Rats by Inhibiting the Activation of NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways. Front Vet Sci 2020; 7:443. [PMID: 32851026 PMCID: PMC7406644 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.00443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastitis is an economically important disease in dairy cows, which is often caused by Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Selenium is an indispensable element for physiological function and contributes to reduce injury of the mammary glands in mastitis. However, adequate sources of selenium have always been an important consideration for livestock. Therefore, the study aimed to explore the protective effect and mechanism of Selenohomolanthionine (SeHLan) on mastitis induced by S. aureus. The S. aureus-induced rat model was established and three doses (0.2, 2, 20 μg/kg body weight/day) of dietary OS were supplemented. The bacterial load, histopathology, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) of the mammary glands were performed and determined. Cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6, were detected using qRT-PCR. The key proteins of NF-κB and MAPK signaling pathways were analyzed by Western blot. The results revealed that OS supplementation could reduce the recruitment of neutrophils and macrophages in mammary tissues, but did not decrease S. aureus load in the tissues. The overexpression levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-6 induced by S. aureus were inhibited after OS treatment. Furthermore, the increased phosphorylation of NF-κB and MAPKs proteins were also suppressed. The results suggest that dietary supplementation with adequate OS during pregnancy contributes to protect the mammary glands from injury caused by S. aureus and alleviate the inflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangjun Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Tao Ding
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Fang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Luying Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jun Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xia Meng
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Guoqiang Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Chen Qian
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
| | - Jianji Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China.,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, China
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