1
|
Li T, Li H, Chen J, Yu Y, Chen S, Wang J, Qiu H. Histidine-modified pillar[5]arene-functionalized mesoporous silica materials for highly selective enantioseparation. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1727:465011. [PMID: 38776604 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Chiral enantiomers, especially the enantiomers of chiral drugs often exhibit different pharmacological activity, metabolism and toxicity, thus it is of great research significance to scientifically and reasonably develop single chiral drugs with low toxicity and high efficiency. Among them, high performance liquid chromatographic techniques based on chiral stationary phases (CSPs) has become one of the most attractive methods used to evaluate the enantiomeric purity of single-enantiomers compound of pharmacological relevance. In this work, pillar[5]arene functionalized with L- and D-histidine, respectively, were modified on the surface of mesoporous silica as novel chiral stationary phases called L/DHis-BP5-Sil. Notably, L/D-histidine had the characteristics of low steric hindrance and easy derivatization. Although the π-π interaction of imidazole group was weaker than that of benzene ring, the benzene ring bonding imidazole-conjugated ring in the structure produced better enantioseparation effect. The results showed that L/DHis-BP5-Sil can separate a variety of complex structural enantiomers with excellent reproducibility, thermal stability and separation performance. Hence, the unique advantage of the highly selective separation of L/DHis-BP5-Sil provides new insights into the enantioseparation field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Hui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongliang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China; Ganjiang Innovation Academy, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ganzhou 341000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Malacarne F, Grecchi S, Niamlaem M, Bonczak B, Salinas G, Arnaboldi S. Unconventional approaches for chiral resolution. Anal Bioanal Chem 2024; 416:3677-3685. [PMID: 38755462 PMCID: PMC11180637 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-024-05329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Chirality is a fundamental and ubiquitous property of nature involved in multiple fields of science. In particular, the possible resolution of the enantiomeric forms of a molecule is crucial in the pharmaceutical, food, and agrochemical industries. The search for efficient, broad-spectrum, and yet simple methods for obtaining enantiomerically pure substances is a current challenge. Enantioselective resolution methods rely on an asymmetric environment that allows the two antipodes of a chiral molecule to be distinguished. In addition to enantiomeric separation techniques, such as chromatography and electrophoresis, new promising approaches involving out-of-the-scheme synergistic effects between chiral selectors (CS) and external stimuli are emerging. This Trends article discusses different enantioselective mechanisms triggered by unconventional physicochemical stimuli for the design of avant-garde approaches that could offer novel perspectives in the field of chiral resolution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Grecchi
- Dip. Di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Gerardo Salinas
- Université de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Serena Arnaboldi
- Dip. Di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Urban A, De Feyter S. Making and Breaking Helical Open-Chain Oligopyrroles. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300708. [PMID: 38224308 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Closed-chain oligopyrroles such as porphyrins or corroles have been well-established in literature and experience a steadily strong interest by several fields of science. However, their open-chain derivatives are comparatively underrepresented, despite their intriguing properties and promising applications. Here, we aim to review typical synthetic routes, as well as point towards several emergent properties, marking them as interesting candidates for various fields of study. The review focuses on two traditional methods (each starting from highly symmetric metalloporphyrins) and then expands its scope towards more recent variations before moving on to more exotic and recent highlights that have yet to be included into the canon. Key chemical reactivities (ring closure, substitution and fragmentation) are then followed by notable physicochemical properties, placing special emphasis on potential uses in molecular electronics and sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian Urban
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Steven De Feyter
- Division of Molecular Imaging and Photonics, Department of Chemistry, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200 F, 3001, Leuven, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Li T, Li H, Chen J, Yu Y, Chen S, Wang J, Qiu H. Preparation and evaluation of two chiral stationary phases based on imidazolyl-functionalized bromoethoxy pillar[5]arene-bonded silica. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1720:464799. [PMID: 38458140 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
Chiral pillar[5]arene-based mesoporous silica, an emerging class of chiral structure, possesses excellent characteristics such as abundant chiral active sites, encapsulated cavity and excellent chiral modification, which make them a promising candidate as new chiral stationary phases (CSPs) in enantioseparation. In this study, two imidazole-containing (S)-1-(4-phenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)ethanamine and (S)-Histidinol were respectively modified to bromoethoxy pillar[5]arene-bonded silica to construct new chiral stationary phases (sPIE-BP5-Sil and sHol-BP5-Sil) for the separation and analysis of enantiomers. The separation conditions such as mobile phase composition, flow rate and temperature were optimized. Under optimal conditions, both sPIE-BP5-Sil and sHol-BP5-Sil showed good separation performance for different types of enantiomers. Interestingly, sPIE-BP5-Sil and sHol-BP5-Sil showed better enantioselectivity for chiral aromatic compounds and chiral aliphatic compounds, respectively. This enantioseparation result was closely related to the presence of additional aromatic rings and abundant hydroxyl groups in the side chains of the two chiral groups. In addition, the enantioseparation process was further studied by molecular docking simulation. Therefore, this work provided a new strategy for the preparation and application of imidazolyl-derived pillar[5]arene-based chiral stationary phases, which can be efficiently used for screening and separating enantiomers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tong Li
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Hui Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| | - Jia Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Yongliang Yu
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China.
| | - Jianhua Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Hongdeng Qiu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Chemistry of Northwestern Plant Resources and Key Laboratory for Natural Medicine of Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Safari MR, Matthes F, Caciuc V, Atodiresei N, Schneider CM, Ernst KH, Bürgler DE. Enantioselective Adsorption on Magnetic Surfaces. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2308666. [PMID: 38153192 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202308666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
From the beginning of molecular theory, the interplay of chirality and magnetism has intrigued scientists. There is still the question if enantiospecific adsorption of chiral molecules occurs on magnetic surfaces. Enantiomer discrimination was conjectured to arise from chirality-induced spin separation within the molecules and exchange interaction with the substrate's magnetization. Here, it is shown that single helical aromatic hydrocarbons undergo enantioselective adsorption on ferromagnetic cobalt surfaces. Spin and chirality sensitive scanning tunneling microscopy reveals that molecules of opposite handedness prefer adsorption onto cobalt islands with opposite out-of-plane magnetization. As mobility ceases in the final chemisorbed state, it is concluded that enantioselection must occur in a physisorbed transient precursor state. State-of-the-art spin-resolved ab initio simulations support this scenario by refuting enantio-dependent chemisorption energies. These findings demonstrate that van der Waals interaction should also include spin-fluctuations which are crucial for molecular magnetochiral processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Safari
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Frank Matthes
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Vasile Caciuc
- Peter Grünberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Quantum Theory of Materials (PGI-1/IAS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Nicolae Atodiresei
- Peter Grünberg Institute and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Quantum Theory of Materials (PGI-1/IAS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - Claus M Schneider
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Fakultät für Physik, Universität Duisburg-Essen, 47057, Duisburg, Germany
| | - Karl-Heinz Ernst
- Molecular Surface Science Group, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, 8600, Dübendorf, Switzerland
- Nanosurf Laboratory, Institute of Physics, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 16200, Prague, Czech Republic
- Institut für Chemie, Universität Zürich, 8057, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Daniel E Bürgler
- Peter Grünberg Institute, Electronic Properties (PGI-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
- Jülich Aachen Research Alliance (JARA-FIT), Fundamentals of Future Information Technology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Bloom BP, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1950-1991. [PMID: 38364021 PMCID: PMC10906005 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
Since the initial landmark study on the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in 1999, considerable experimental and theoretical efforts have been made to understand the physical underpinnings and mechanistic features of this interesting phenomenon. As first formulated, the CISS effect refers to the innate ability of chiral materials to act as spin filters for electron transport; however, more recent experiments demonstrate that displacement currents arising from charge polarization of chiral molecules lead to spin polarization without the need for net charge flow. With its identification of a fundamental connection between chiral symmetry and electron spin in molecules and materials, CISS promises profound and ubiquitous implications for existing technologies and new approaches to answering age old questions, such as the homochiral nature of life. This review begins with a discussion of the different methods for measuring CISS and then provides a comprehensive overview of molecules and materials known to exhibit CISS-based phenomena before proceeding to identify structure-property relations and to delineate the leading theoretical models for the CISS effect. Next, it identifies some implications of CISS in physics, chemistry, and biology. The discussion ends with a critical assessment of the CISS field and some comments on its future outlook.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brian P. Bloom
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Sui J, Wang N, Wang J, Huang X, Wang T, Zhou L, Hao H. Strategies for chiral separation: from racemate to enantiomer. Chem Sci 2023; 14:11955-12003. [PMID: 37969602 PMCID: PMC10631238 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01630g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral separation has become a crucial topic for effectively utilizing superfluous racemates synthesized by chemical means and satisfying the growing requirements for producing enantiopure chiral compounds. However, the remarkably close physical and chemical properties of enantiomers present significant obstacles, making it necessary to develop novel enantioseparation methods. This review comprehensively summaries the latest developments in the main enantioseparation methods, including preparative-scale chromatography, enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction, crystallization-based methods for chiral separation, deracemization process coupling racemization and crystallization, porous material method and membrane resolution method, focusing on significant cases involving crystallization, deracemization and membranes. Notably, potential trends and future directions are suggested based on the state-of-art "coupling" strategy, which may greatly reinvigorate the existing individual methods and facilitate the emergence of cross-cutting ideas among researchers from different enantioseparation domains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Sui
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China +86-22-2740-5754
| | - Na Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China +86-22-2740-5754
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Jingkang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China +86-22-2740-5754
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Xin Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China +86-22-2740-5754
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Ting Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China +86-22-2740-5754
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Lina Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China +86-22-2740-5754
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 P. R. China +86-22-2740-5754
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering Tianjin 300072 P. R. China
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Hainan University Haikou 570228 China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ozturk SF, Bhowmick DK, Kapon Y, Sang Y, Kumar A, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Sasselov DD. Chirality-induced avalanche magnetization of magnetite by an RNA precursor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:6351. [PMID: 37816811 PMCID: PMC10564924 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Homochirality is a hallmark of life on Earth. To achieve and maintain homochirality within a prebiotic network, the presence of an environmental factor acting as a chiral agent and providing a persistent chiral bias to prebiotic chemistry is highly advantageous. Magnetized surfaces are prebiotically plausible chiral agents due to the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, and they were utilized to attain homochiral ribose-aminooxazoline (RAO), an RNA precursor. However, natural magnetic minerals are typically weakly magnetized, necessitating mechanisms to enhance their magnetization for their use as effective chiral agents. Here, we report the magnetization of magnetic surfaces by crystallizing enantiopure RAO, whereby chiral molecules induce a uniform surface magnetization due to the CISS effect, which spreads across the magnetic surface akin to an avalanche. Chirality-induced avalanche magnetization enables a feedback between chiral molecules and magnetic surfaces, which can amplify a weak magnetization and allow for highly efficient spin-selective processes on magnetic minerals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Furkan Ozturk
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA.
| | - Deb Kumar Bhowmick
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yael Kapon
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Yutao Sang
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, 76100, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Spilsbury MJ, Feito A, Delgado A, Capitán MJ, Álvarez J, de Miguel JJ. Enantiosensitive growth dynamics of chiral molecules on ferromagnetic substrates and the origin of the CISS effect. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114706. [PMID: 37728205 DOI: 10.1063/5.0160011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent demonstration of the existence of an intimate relationship between the chiral structure of some materials and the spin polarization of electrons transmitted through them, what has been called the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, is sparking interest in many related phenomena. One of the most notorious is the possibility of using magnetic materials to apply enantioselective interactions on chiral molecules and chemical reactions involving them. In this work, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy has been used to characterize the adsorption and growth kinetics of enantiopure organic molecules on magnetic (Co) and non-magnetic (Cu) substrates. While on these latter, no significant enantiosensitive effects are found, on spin-polarized, in-plane magnetized Co surfaces, the two enantiomers have been found to deposit differently. The observed effects have been interpreted as the result of one of the enantiomers being adsorbed in a transient, weakly bound physisorbed-like state with higher mobility due to limited, spin-selective charge transfer between it and the substrate. The study of these phenomena can provide insight into the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the CISS effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M J Spilsbury
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
- Dpto. Física. Univ. Nacional Autónoma de Honduras, Escuela de Biología, San Pedro Sula, Honduras
| | - A Feito
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Delgado
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
| | - M J Capitán
- Instituto de Estructura de la Materia IEM-CSIC, c/ Serrano 119, 28006 Madrid, Spain
- Física de Sistemas Crecidos con Baja Dimensionalidad, UAM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IEM, DP, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Álvarez
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
- Física de Sistemas Crecidos con Baja Dimensionalidad, UAM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IEM, DP, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales "Nicolás Cabrera," Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Física de la Materia Condensada IFIMAC, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J J de Miguel
- Dpto. Física de la Materia Condensada, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 29049 Madrid, Spain
- Física de Sistemas Crecidos con Baja Dimensionalidad, UAM, Unidad Asociada al CSIC por el IEM, DP, Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Ciencia de Materiales "Nicolás Cabrera," Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Física de la Materia Condensada IFIMAC, Univ. Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Theiler PM, Ritz C, Hofmann R, Stemmer A. Detection of a Chirality-Induced Spin Selective Quantum Capacitance in α-Helical Peptides. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8280-8287. [PMID: 37650519 PMCID: PMC10510583 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Advanced Kelvin probe force microscopy simultaneously detects the quantum capacitance and surface potential of an α-helical peptide monolayer. These indicators shift when either the magnetic polarization or the enantiomer is toggled. A model based on a triangular quantum well in thermal and chemical equilibrium and electron-electron interactions allows for calculating the electrical potential profile from the measured data. The combination of the model and the measurements shows that no global charge transport is required to produce effects attributed to the chirality-induced spin selectivity effect. These experimental findings support the theoretical model of Fransson et al. Nano Letters 2021, 21 (7), 3026-3032. Measurements of the quantum capacitance represent a new way to test and refine theoretical models used to explain strong spin polarization due to chirality-induced spin selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pius Markus Theiler
- Nanotechnology
Group, ETH Zürich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Christian Ritz
- Nanotechnology
Group, ETH Zürich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| | - Raphael Hofmann
- Laboratory
of Organic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Stemmer
- Nanotechnology
Group, ETH Zürich, Säumerstrasse 4, 8803 Rüschlikon, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ozturk SF, Sasselov DD, Sutherland JD. The central dogma of biological homochirality: How does chiral information propagate in a prebiotic network? J Chem Phys 2023; 159:061102. [PMID: 37551802 PMCID: PMC7615580 DOI: 10.1063/5.0156527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Biological systems are homochiral, raising the question of how a racemic mixture of prebiotically synthesized biomolecules could attain a homochiral state at the network level. Based on our recent results, we aim to address a related question of how chiral information might have flowed in a prebiotic network. Utilizing the crystallization properties of the central ribonucleic acid (RNA) precursor known as ribose-aminooxazoline (RAO), we showed that its homochiral crystals can be obtained from its fully racemic solution on a magnetic mineral surface due to the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect [Ozturk et al., arXiv:2303.01394 (2023)]. Moreover, we uncovered a mechanism facilitated by the CISS effect through which chiral molecules, such as RAO, can uniformly magnetize such surfaces in a variety of planetary environments in a persistent manner [Ozturk et al., arXiv:2304.09095 (2023)]. All this is very tantalizing because recent experiments with tRNA analogs demonstrate high stereoselectivity in the attachment of L-amino acids to D-ribonucleotides, enabling the transfer of homochirality from RNA to peptides [Wu et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc. 143, 11836 (2021)]. Therefore, the biological homochirality problem may be reduced to ensuring that a single common RNA precursor (e.g., RAO) can be made homochiral. The emergence of homochirality at RAO then allows for the chiral information to propagate through RNA, then to peptides, and ultimately through enantioselective catalysis to metabolites. This directionality of the chiral information flow parallels that of the central dogma of molecular biology-the unidirectional transfer of genetic information from nucleic acids to proteins [F. H. Crick, in Symposia of the Society for Experimental Biology, Number XII: The Biological Replication of Macromolecules, edited by F. K. Sanders (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1958), pp. 138-163; and F. Crick, Nature 227, 561 (1970)].
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Furkan Ozturk
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | - Dimitar D. Sasselov
- Department of Astronomy, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Kapon Y, Kammerbauer F, Yochelis S, Kläui M, Paltiel Y. Magneto-optical imaging of magnetic-domain pinning induced by chiral molecules. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:064701. [PMID: 37578062 DOI: 10.1063/5.0159351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral molecules have the potential for creating new magnetic devices by locally manipulating the magnetic properties of metallic surfaces. When chiral polypeptides chemisorb onto ferromagnets, they can induce magnetization locally by spin exchange interactions. However, direct imaging of surface magnetization changes induced by chiral molecules was not previously realized. Here, we use magneto-optical Kerr microscopy to image domains in thin films and show that chiral polypeptides strongly pin domains, increasing the coercive field locally. In our study, we also observe a rotation of the easy magnetic axis toward the out-of-plane, depending on the sample's domain size and the adsorption area. These findings show the potential of chiral molecules to control and manipulate magnetization and open new avenues for future research on the relationship between chirality and magnetization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yael Kapon
- Institute of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Fabian Kammerbauer
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Institute of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Mathias Kläui
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Staudingerweg 7, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Institute of Applied Physics, Faculty of Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Lu Y, Joy M, Bloom BP, Waldeck DH. Beyond Stereoisomeric Effects: Exploring the Importance of Intermolecular Electron Spin Interactions in Biorecognition. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7032-7037. [PMID: 37524051 PMCID: PMC10424231 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
This work shows that electron spin polarization and stereoisomeric effects make comparable contributions to the enantioselective binding of amino acids. Magneto-electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance methods are used to study the adsorption of chiral amino acids onto a monolayer film of chiral molecules that are spin polarized by an underlying ferromagnetic substrate. The direction of the electron spin polarization affects both the kinetics and thermodynamics of the enantiospecific adsorption of the amino acids. Comparison of these data with the circular dichroism (CD) spectra of the amino acid adsorbates shows that the CD spectrum of the interacting group provides a good figure-of-merit for predicting the contributions of electron spin to the intermolecular interaction. These findings demonstrate the importance of electron spin in enantioselective intermolecular interactions between chiral amino acids and represent a paradigm shift for how selectivity should be viewed in biorecognition.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Lu
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Meera Joy
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Aizawa H, Sato T, Maki-Yonekura S, Yonekura K, Takaba K, Hamaguchi T, Minato T, Yamamoto HM. Enantioselectivity of discretized helical supramolecule consisting of achiral cobalt phthalocyanines via chiral-induced spin selectivity effect. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4530. [PMID: 37507380 PMCID: PMC10382588 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40133-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Enantioselectivity of helical aggregation is conventionally directed either by its homochiral ingredients or by introduction of chiral catalysis. The fundamental question, then, is whether helical aggregation that consists only of achiral components can obtain enantioselectivity in the absence of chiral catalysis. Here, by exploiting enantiospecific interaction due to chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) that has been known to work to enantio-separate a racemic mixture of chiral molecules, we demonstrate the enantioselectivity in the assembly of mesoscale helical supramolecules consisting of achiral cobalt phthalocyanines. The helical nature in our supramolecules is revealed to be mesoscopically incorporated by dislocation-induced discretized twists, unlike the case of chiral molecules whose chirality are determined microscopically by chemical bond. The relevance of CISS effect in the discretized helical supramolecules is further confirmed by the appearance of spin-polarized current through the system. These observations mean that the application of CISS-based enantioselectivity is no longer limited to systems with microscopic chirality but is expanded to the one with mesoscopic chirality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Aizawa
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
- the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Takuro Sato
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
- the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Saori Maki-Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Koji Yonekura
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
- Advanced Electron Microscope Development Unit, RIKEN-JEOL Collaboration Center, RIKEN Baton Zone Program, 1-1-1 Kouto, Sayo, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Kiyofumi Takaba
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
| | - Tasuku Hamaguchi
- Biostructural Mechanism Laboratory, RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Hyogo, 679-5148, Japan
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, 2-1-1 Katahira, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 980-8577, Japan
| | - Taketoshi Minato
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Hiroshi M Yamamoto
- Institute for Molecular Science, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
- the Graduate University for Advanced Studies, Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu Y, Qiu T, Bloom BP, Subotnik JE, Waldeck DH. Spin-Based Chiral Separations and the Importance of Molecule-Solvent Interactions. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:14155-14162. [PMID: 37529661 PMCID: PMC10389781 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
This work uses magneto-electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance methods to study the enantiospecific adsorption of chiral molecules onto a ferromagnetic substrate. The effects of solution conditions, pH, and solvent isotope composition indicate that the kinetics of the enantiomeric adsorption depend strongly on the charge state and geometry of the adsorbate, whereas no thermodynamic contributions to enantiospecificity are found. Density functional theory calculations reveal that an interplay between the adsorbate and solvent molecules is important for defining the observed enantiospecific preference with an applied magnetic field; however, it remains unclear if intermolecular vibrational couplings contribute to the phenomenon.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Lu
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Tian Qiu
- Departments
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Joseph E. Subotnik
- Departments
of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Ozturk SF, Liu Z, Sutherland JD, Sasselov DD. Origin of biological homochirality by crystallization of an RNA precursor on a magnetic surface. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg8274. [PMID: 37285423 PMCID: PMC10246896 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg8274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Homochirality is a signature of life on Earth, yet its origins remain an unsolved puzzle. Achieving homochirality is essential for a high-yielding prebiotic network capable of producing functional polymers like RNA and peptides on a persistent basis. Because of the chiral-induced spin selectivity effect, which established a strong coupling between electron spin and molecular chirality, magnetic surfaces can act as chiral agents and be templates for the enantioselective crystallization of chiral molecules. Here, we studied the spin-selective crystallization of racemic ribo-aminooxazoline (RAO), an RNA precursor, on magnetite (Fe3O4) surfaces, achieving an unprecedented enantiomeric excess (ee) of about 60%. Following the initial enrichment, we then obtained homochiral (100% ee) crystals of RAO after a subsequent crystallization. Our results demonstrate a prebiotically plausible way of achieving system-level homochirality from completely racemic starting materials, in a shallow-lake environment on early Earth where sedimentary magnetite deposits are expected to be common.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S. Furkan Ozturk
- Department of Physics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Ziwei Liu
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | - John D. Sutherland
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge CB2 0QH, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Susanti, Riswoko A, Laksmono JA, Widiyarti G, Hermawan D. Surface modified nanoparticles and their applications for enantioselective detection, analysis, and separation of various chiral compounds. RSC Adv 2023; 13:18070-18089. [PMID: 37323439 PMCID: PMC10267673 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra02399k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient enantioselective detection, analysis, and separation relies significantly on molecular interaction. In the scale of molecular interaction, nanomaterials have a significant influence on the performance of enantioselective recognitions. The use of nanomaterials for enantioselective recognition involved synthesizing new materials and immobilization techniques to produce various surface-modified nanoparticles that are either encapsulated or attached to surfaces, as well as layers and coatings. The combination of surface-modified nanomaterials and chiral selectors can improve enantioselective recognition. This review aims to offer engagement insights into the production and application of surface-modified nanomaterials to achieve sensitive and selective detection, better chiral analysis, and separation of numerous chiral compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Susanti
- Research Center for Polymer Technology - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST BJ. Habibie, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 460 Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia
| | - Asep Riswoko
- Research Center for Polymer Technology - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST BJ. Habibie, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 460 Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia
| | - Joddy Arya Laksmono
- Research Center for Polymer Technology - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST BJ. Habibie, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 460 Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia
| | - Galuh Widiyarti
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Ingredients and Traditional Medicine - National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN) KST BJ Habibie, Kawasan Puspiptek Building 452 Tangerang Selatan 15314 Indonesia
| | - Dadan Hermawan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Science, Jenderal Soedirman University (UNSOED) Indonesia
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Wolf Y, Liu Y, Xiao J, Park N, Yan B. Unusual Spin Polarization in the Chirality-Induced Spin Selectivity. ACS NANO 2022; 16:18601-18607. [PMID: 36282509 PMCID: PMC9706810 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c07088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) refers to the fact that electrons get spin polarized after passing through chiral molecules in a nanoscale transport device or in photoemission experiments. In CISS, chiral molecules are commonly believed to be a spin filter through which one favored spin transmits and the opposite spin gets reflected; that is, transmitted and reflected electrons exhibit opposite spin polarization. In this work, we point out that such a spin filter scenario contradicts the principle that equilibrium spin current must vanish. Instead, we find that both transmitted and reflected electrons present the same type of spin polarization, which is actually ubiquitous for a two-terminal device. More accurately, chiral molecules play the role of a spin polarizer rather than a spin filter. The direction of spin polarization is determined by the molecule chirality and the electron incident direction. And the magnitude of spin polarization relies on local spin-orbit coupling in the device. Our work brings a deeper understanding on CISS and interprets recent experiments, for example, the CISS-driven anomalous Hall effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yotam Wolf
- Department
of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Yizhou Liu
- Department
of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Jiewen Xiao
- Department
of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| | - Noejung Park
- Department
of Physics, Ulsan National Institute of
Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Binghai Yan
- Department
of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot7610001, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Clever C, Wierzbinski E, Bloom BP, Lu Y, Grimm HM, Rao SR, Horne WS, Waldeck DH. Benchmarking Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity Measurements ‐ Towards Meaningful Comparisons of Chiral Biomolecule Spin Polarizations. Isr J Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.202200045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Caleb Clever
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Emil Wierzbinski
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Yiyang Lu
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Haley M. Grimm
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Silpa R. Rao
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - W. Seth Horne
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Nguyen TNH, Rasabathina L, Hellwig O, Sharma A, Salvan G, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y, Baczewski LT, Tegenkamp C. Cooperative Effect of Electron Spin Polarization in Chiral Molecules Studied with Non-Spin-Polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscopy. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:38013-38020. [PMID: 35960822 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c08668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Polyalanine molecules (PA) with an α-helix conformation have recently attracted a great deal of interest, as the propagation of electrons through the chiral backbone structure comes along with spin polarization of the transmitted electrons. By means of scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy under ambient conditions, PA molecules adsorbed on surfaces of epitaxial magnetic Al2O3/Pt/Au/Co/Au nanostructures with perpendicular anisotropy were studied. Thereby, a correlation between the PA molecules ordering at the surface with the electron tunneling across this hybrid system as a function of the substrate magnetization orientation as well as the coverage density and helicity of the PA molecules was observed. The highest spin polarization values, P, were found for well-ordered self-assembled monolayers and with a defined chemical coupling of the molecules to the magnetic substrate surface, showing that the current-induced spin selectivity is a cooperative effect. Thereby, P deduced from the electron transmission along unoccupied molecular orbitals of the chiral molecules is larger as compared to values derived from the occupied molecular orbitals. Apparently, the larger orbital overlap results in a higher electron mobility, yielding a higher P value. By switching the magnetization direction of the Co layer, it was demonstrated that the non-spin-polarized STM can be used to study chiral molecules with a submolecular resolution, to detect properties of buried magnetic layers and to detect the spin polarization of the molecules from the change in the magnetoresistance of such hybrid structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thi Ngoc Ha Nguyen
- Solid Surface Analysis, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Lokesh Rasabathina
- Functional Magnetic Materials, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Olav Hellwig
- Functional Magnetic Materials, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
- Institute of Ion Beam Physics and Materials Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf, 01328 Dresden, Germany
| | - Apoorva Sharma
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Georgeta Salvan
- Semiconductor Physics, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
- Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91905 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Lech T Baczewski
- Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Christoph Tegenkamp
- Solid Surface Analysis, Institute of Physics, Chemnitz University of Technology, Reichenhainer Str. 70, 09126 Chemnitz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Fan B, Li F, Cheng Y, Wang Z, Zhang N, Wu Q, Bai L, Zhang X. Rare-Earth Separations Enhanced by Magnetic Field. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
22
|
Martínez RF, Cuccia LA, Viedma C, Cintas P. On the Origin of Sugar Handedness: Facts, Hypotheses and Missing Links-A Review. ORIGINS LIFE EVOL B 2022; 52:21-56. [PMID: 35796896 DOI: 10.1007/s11084-022-09624-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
By paraphrasing one of Kipling's most amazing short stories (How the Leopard Got His Spots), this article could be entitled "How Sugars Became Homochiral". Obviously, we have no answer to this still unsolved mystery, and this perspective simply brings recent models, experiments and hypotheses into the homochiral homogeneity of sugars on earth. We shall revisit the past and current understanding of sugar chirality in the context of prebiotic chemistry, with attention to recent developments and insights. Different scenarios and pathways will be discussed, from the widely known formose-type processes to less familiar ones, often viewed as unorthodox chemical routes. In particular, problems associated with the spontaneous generation of enantiomeric imbalances and the transfer of chirality will be tackled. As carbohydrates are essential components of all cellular systems, astrochemical and terrestrial observations suggest that saccharides originated from environmentally available feedstocks. Such substances would have been capable of sustaining autotrophic and heterotrophic mechanisms integrating nutrients, metabolism and the genome after compartmentalization. Recent findings likewise indicate that sugars' enantiomeric bias may have emerged by a transfer of chirality mechanisms, rather than by deracemization of sugar backbones, yet providing an evolutionary advantage that fueled the cellular machinery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Fernando Martínez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica E Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, and Instituto Universitario de Investigación del Agua, Cambio Climático Y Sostenibilidad, (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
| | - Louis A Cuccia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials (QCAM/CQMF), FRQNT, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Cristóbal Viedma
- Department of Crystallography and Mineralogy, University Complutense, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pedro Cintas
- Departamento de Química Orgánica E Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, and Instituto Universitario de Investigación del Agua, Cambio Climático Y Sostenibilidad, (IACYS), Universidad de Extremadura, Avenida de Elvas s/n, 06006, Badajoz, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Singh SK, Gogoi P, Deb A, Gooh Pattader PS. Chiral resolution of racemic amines in µ-reactor-crystallizer. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.117686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
24
|
Mousavimanesh Z, Shahnani M, Faraji-Shovey A, Bararjanian M, Sadr AS, Ghassempour A, Salehi P. A new chiral stationary phase based on noscapine: Synthesis, enantioseparation, and docking study. Chirality 2022; 34:1371-1382. [PMID: 35778873 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Noscapine is an isolated compound from the opium poppy, with distinctive chiral structure and chemistry, interacts with other compounds due to having multiple π-acceptors, hydrogen bond acceptors, and ionic sites. Therefore, it has promising applicability for the enantioselective separation of a wide range of polar, acidic, basic, and neutral compounds. A new noscapine derivative chiral stationary phase (ND-CSP) has been synthesized by consecutive N-demethylation, reduction, and N-propargylation of noscapine followed by attachment of a solid epoxy-functionalized silica bed through the 1,3-dipolar Huisgen cycloaddition. The noscapine derivative-based stationary phase provides a considerable surface coverage, which is greater than some commercial CSPs and can validate better enantioresolution performance. The major advantages inherent to this chiral selector are stability, reproducibility after more than 200 tests, and substantial loading capacity. The characterization by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis indicated successful functionalization of the silica surface. Chromatographic method conditions like flow rate and mobile phase composition for enantioseparation of various compounds such as warfarin, propranolol, mandelic acid, and a sulfanilamide derivative were optimized. Comparing the experimental results with docking data revealed a clear correlation between the calculated binding energy of ND-CSP and each enantiomer with the resolution of enantiomer peaks.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zohreh Mousavimanesh
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Shahnani
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Morteza Bararjanian
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Shahir Sadr
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute for Research in Fundamental Sciences (IPM), Tehran, Iran
- Bioinformatics Research Center, Sabzevar University of Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Peyman Salehi
- Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Teng Y, Gu C, Chen Z, Jiang H, Xiong Y, Liu D, Xiao D. Advances and applications of chiral resolution in pharmaceutical field. Chirality 2022; 34:1094-1119. [PMID: 35676772 DOI: 10.1002/chir.23453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The attention to chiral drugs has been raised to an unprecedented level as drug discovery and development strategies grow rapidly. However, separation of enantiomers is still a huge task, which leads to an increasing significance to equip a wider range of expertise in chiral separation science to meet the current and future challenges. In the last few decades, remarkable progress of chiral resolution has been achieved. This review summarizes and classifies chiral resolution methods in analytical scale and preparative scale systematically and comprehensively, including crystallization-based method, inclusion complexation, chromatographic separation, capillary electrophoresis, kinetic resolution, liquid-liquid extraction, membrane-based separation, and especially one bold new progress based on chiral-induced spin selectivity theory. The advances and recent applications will be presented in detail, in which the contents may bring more thinking to wide-ranging readers in various professional fields, from analytical chemistry, pharmaceutical chemistry, natural medicinal chemistry, to manufacturing of drug production.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Teng
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenglu Gu
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuhui Chen
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yue Xiong
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dong Liu
- Anhui Engineering Laboratory for Conservation and Sustainable Utilization of Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Biological and Pharmaceutical Engineering, West Anhui University, Liu'an, China
| | - Deli Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance (China Pharmaceutical University), Ministry of Education, Nanjing, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Functional Materials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Bougas L, Byron J, Budker D, Williams J. Absolute optical chiral analysis using cavity-enhanced polarimetry. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabm3749. [PMID: 35658039 PMCID: PMC9166628 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm3749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chiral analysis is central for scientific advancement in the fields of chemistry, biology, and medicine. It is also indispensable in the development and quality control of chiral compounds in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. Here, we present the concept of absolute optical chiral analysis, as enabled by cavity-enhanced polarimetry, which allows for accurate unambiguous enantiomeric characterization and enantiomeric excess determination of chiral compounds within complex mixtures at trace levels, without the need for calibration, even in the gas phase. Our approach and technology enable the absolute postchromatographic chiral analysis of complex gaseous mixtures, the rapid quality control of complex mixtures containing chiral volatile compounds, and the online in situ observation of chiral volatile emissions from a plant under stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lykourgos Bougas
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Dmitry Budker
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute Mainz, GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, Darmstadt, Germany
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Jonathan Williams
- Max-Planck-Institut für Chemie, Mainz, Germany
- Climate and Atmosphere Research Center, The Cyprus Institute, Nicosia, Cyprus
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Aiello CD, Abendroth JM, Abbas M, Afanasev A, Agarwal S, Banerjee AS, Beratan DN, Belling JN, Berche B, Botana A, Caram JR, Celardo GL, Cuniberti G, Garcia-Etxarri A, Dianat A, Diez-Perez I, Guo Y, Gutierrez R, Herrmann C, Hihath J, Kale S, Kurian P, Lai YC, Liu T, Lopez A, Medina E, Mujica V, Naaman R, Noormandipour M, Palma JL, Paltiel Y, Petuskey W, Ribeiro-Silva JC, Saenz JJ, Santos EJG, Solyanik-Gorgone M, Sorger VJ, Stemer DM, Ugalde JM, Valdes-Curiel A, Varela S, Waldeck DH, Wasielewski MR, Weiss PS, Zacharias H, Wang QH. A Chirality-Based Quantum Leap. ACS NANO 2022; 16:4989-5035. [PMID: 35318848 PMCID: PMC9278663 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c01347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
There is increasing interest in the study of chiral degrees of freedom occurring in matter and in electromagnetic fields. Opportunities in quantum sciences will likely exploit two main areas that are the focus of this Review: (1) recent observations of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect in chiral molecules and engineered nanomaterials and (2) rapidly evolving nanophotonic strategies designed to amplify chiral light-matter interactions. On the one hand, the CISS effect underpins the observation that charge transport through nanoscopic chiral structures favors a particular electronic spin orientation, resulting in large room-temperature spin polarizations. Observations of the CISS effect suggest opportunities for spin control and for the design and fabrication of room-temperature quantum devices from the bottom up, with atomic-scale precision and molecular modularity. On the other hand, chiral-optical effects that depend on both spin- and orbital-angular momentum of photons could offer key advantages in all-optical and quantum information technologies. In particular, amplification of these chiral light-matter interactions using rationally designed plasmonic and dielectric nanomaterials provide approaches to manipulate light intensity, polarization, and phase in confined nanoscale geometries. Any technology that relies on optimal charge transport, or optical control and readout, including quantum devices for logic, sensing, and storage, may benefit from chiral quantum properties. These properties can be theoretically and experimentally investigated from a quantum information perspective, which has not yet been fully developed. There are uncharted implications for the quantum sciences once chiral couplings can be engineered to control the storage, transduction, and manipulation of quantum information. This forward-looking Review provides a survey of the experimental and theoretical fundamentals of chiral-influenced quantum effects and presents a vision for their possible future roles in enabling room-temperature quantum technologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clarice D. Aiello
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John M. Abendroth
- Laboratory
for Solid State Physics, ETH Zürich, Zürich 8093, Switzerland
| | - Muneer Abbas
- Department
of Microbiology, Howard University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Andrei Afanasev
- Department
of Physics, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Shivang Agarwal
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Amartya S. Banerjee
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - David N. Beratan
- Departments
of Chemistry, Biochemistry, and Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jason N. Belling
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Bertrand Berche
- Laboratoire
de Physique et Chimie Théoriques, UMR Université de Lorraine-CNRS, 7019 54506 Vandœuvre les
Nancy, France
| | - Antia Botana
- Department
of Physics, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Justin R. Caram
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Giuseppe Luca Celardo
- Institute
of Physics, Benemerita Universidad Autonoma
de Puebla, Apartado Postal J-48, 72570, Mexico
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Gianaurelio Cuniberti
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Aitzol Garcia-Etxarri
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Arezoo Dianat
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ismael Diez-Perez
- Department
of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, King’s College London, 7 Trinity Street, London SE1 1DB, United Kingdom
| | - Yuqi Guo
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Rafael Gutierrez
- Institute
for Materials Science and Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Dresden University of Technology, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Carmen Herrmann
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, 20146 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Joshua Hihath
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Suneet Kale
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Philip Kurian
- Quantum
Biology Laboratory, Graduate School, Howard
University, Washington, D.C. 20059, United States
| | - Ying-Cheng Lai
- School
of Electrical, Computer and Energy Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - Tianhan Liu
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Alexander Lopez
- Escuela
Superior Politécnica del Litoral, ESPOL, Campus Gustavo Galindo Km. 30.5 Vía Perimetral, PO Box 09-01-5863, Guayaquil 090902, Ecuador
| | - Ernesto Medina
- Departamento
de Física, Colegio de Ciencias e Ingeniería, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Av. Diego de Robles
y Vía Interoceánica, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Mohammadreza Noormandipour
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- TCM Group,
Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J.J. Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - Julio L. Palma
- Department
of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, Lemont Furnace, Pennsylvania 15456, United States
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - William Petuskey
- School
of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| | - João Carlos Ribeiro-Silva
- Laboratory
of Genetics and Molecular Cardiology, Heart Institute, University of São Paulo Medical School, 05508-900 São
Paulo, Brazil
| | - Juan José Saenz
- Donostia
International Physics Center, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia, San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE,
Basque Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Elton J. G. Santos
- Institute
for Condensed Matter Physics and Complex Systems, School of Physics
and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- Higgs Centre
for Theoretical Physics, The University
of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Solyanik-Gorgone
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Volker J. Sorger
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, United States
| | - Dominik M. Stemer
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jesus M. Ugalde
- Kimika
Fakultatea, Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, 20080 Donostia, Euskadi, Spain
| | - Ana Valdes-Curiel
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Solmar Varela
- School
of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay
Tech University, 100119 Urcuquí, Ecuador
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Michael R. Wasielewski
- Department
of Chemistry, Center for Molecular Quantum Transduction, and Institute
for Sustainability and Energy at Northwestern, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208-3113, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- California
NanoSystems Institute, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University
of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
| | - Helmut Zacharias
- Center
for Soft Nanoscience, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Qing Hua Wang
- School
for Engineering of Matter, Transport and Energy, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United States
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Sallembien Q, Bouteiller L, Crassous J, Raynal M. Possible chemical and physical scenarios towards biological homochirality. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:3436-3476. [PMID: 35377372 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01179k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The single chirality of biological molecules in terrestrial biology raises more questions than certitudes about its origin. The emergence of biological homochirality (BH) and its connection with the appearance of life have elicited a large number of theories related to the generation, amplification and preservation of a chiral bias in molecules of life under prebiotically relevant conditions. However, a global scenario is still lacking. Here, the possibility of inducing a significant chiral bias "from scratch", i.e. in the absence of pre-existing enantiomerically-enriched chemical species, will be considered first. It includes phenomena that are inherent to the nature of matter itself, such as the infinitesimal energy difference between enantiomers as a result of violation of parity in certain fundamental interactions, and physicochemical processes related to interactions between chiral organic molecules and physical fields, polarized particles, polarized spins and chiral surfaces. The spontaneous emergence of chirality in the absence of detectable chiral physical and chemical sources has recently undergone significant advances thanks to the deracemization of conglomerates through Viedma ripening and asymmetric auto-catalysis with the Soai reaction. All these phenomena are commonly discussed as plausible sources of asymmetry under prebiotic conditions and are potentially accountable for the primeval chiral bias in molecules of life. Then, several scenarios will be discussed that are aimed to reflect the different debates about the emergence of BH: extra-terrestrial or terrestrial origin (where?), nature of the mechanisms leading to the propagation and enhancement of the primeval chiral bias (how?) and temporal sequence between chemical homochirality, BH and life emergence (when?). Intense and ongoing theories regarding the emergence of optically pure molecules at different moments of the evolution process towards life, i.e. at the levels of building blocks of Life, of the instructed or functional polymers, or even later at the stage of more elaborated chemical systems, will be critically discussed. The underlying principles and the experimental evidence will be commented for each scenario with particular attention on those leading to the induction and enhancement of enantiomeric excesses in proteinogenic amino acids, natural sugars, and their intermediates or derivatives. The aim of this review is to propose an updated and timely synopsis in order to stimulate new efforts in this interdisciplinary field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Quentin Sallembien
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Laurent Bouteiller
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
| | - Jeanne Crassous
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes, ISCR-UMR 6226, F-35000 Rennes, France.
| | - Matthieu Raynal
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut Parisien de Chimie Moléculaire, Equipe Chimie des Polymères, 4 Place Jussieu, 75005 Paris, France.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Evers F, Aharony A, Bar-Gill N, Entin-Wohlman O, Hedegård P, Hod O, Jelinek P, Kamieniarz G, Lemeshko M, Michaeli K, Mujica V, Naaman R, Paltiel Y, Refaely-Abramson S, Tal O, Thijssen J, Thoss M, van Ruitenbeek JM, Venkataraman L, Waldeck DH, Yan B, Kronik L. Theory of Chirality Induced Spin Selectivity: Progress and Challenges. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2106629. [PMID: 35064943 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A critical overview of the theory of the chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, that is, phenomena in which the chirality of molecular species imparts significant spin selectivity to various electron processes, is provided. Based on discussions in a recently held workshop, and further work published since, the status of CISS effects-in electron transmission, electron transport, and chemical reactions-is reviewed. For each, a detailed discussion of the state-of-the-art in theoretical understanding is provided and remaining challenges and research opportunities are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferdinand Evers
- Institute of Theoretical Physics, University of Regensburg, 93040, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Amnon Aharony
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Nir Bar-Gill
- Department of Applied Physics, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Ora Entin-Wohlman
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Per Hedegård
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DK-2100, Denmark
| | - Oded Hod
- Department of Physical Chemistry, School of Chemistry, The Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences and The Sackler Center for Computational Molecular and Materials Science, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Pavel Jelinek
- Nanosurf Lab, Institute of Physics of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Prague 6, CZ 162 00, Czech Republic
| | | | - Mikhail Lemeshko
- IST Austria (Institute of Science and Technology Austria), Am Campus 1, Klosterneuburg, 3400, Austria
| | - Karen Michaeli
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 7610001, Israel
| | - Vladimiro Mujica
- School of Molecular Sciences, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ, 85287-1604, USA
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Department of Applied Physics, Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Sivan Refaely-Abramson
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 76100, Israel
| | - Oren Tal
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 76100, Israel
| | - Jos Thijssen
- Kavli Institute of Nanoscience Delft, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, Delft, 2628 CJ, The Netherlands
| | - Michael Thoss
- Institute of Physics, University of Freiburg, Hermann-Herder-Str. 3, 79104, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jan M van Ruitenbeek
- Huygens-Kamerlingh Onnes Laboratory, Leiden University, Niels Bohrweg 2, Leiden, 2333 CA, Netherlands
| | - Latha Venkataraman
- Department of Applied Physics and Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - David H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15260, USA
| | - Binghai Yan
- Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 7610001, Israel
| | - Leeor Kronik
- Department of Molecular Chemistry and Materials Science, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovoth, 76100, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Naaman R, Paltiel Y, Waldeck DH. Chiral Induced Spin Selectivity and Its Implications for Biological Functions. Annu Rev Biophys 2021; 51:99-114. [PMID: 34932912 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-biophys-083021-070400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Chirality in life has been preserved throughout evolution. It has been assumed that the main function of chirality is its contribution to structural properties. In the past two decades, however, it has been established that chiral molecules possess unique electronic properties. Electrons that pass through chiral molecules, or even charge displacements within a chiral molecule, do so in a manner that depends on the electron's spin and the molecule's enantiomeric form. This effect, referred to as chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS), has several important implications for the properties of biosystems. Among these implications, CISS facilitates long-range electron transfer, enhances bio-affinities and enantioselectivity, and enables efficient and selective multi-electron redox processes. In this article, we review the CISS effect and some of its manifestations in biological systems. We argue that chirality is preserved so persistently in biology not only because of its structural effect, but also because of its important function in spin polarizing electrons. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Biophysics, Volume 51 is May 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel;
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department and Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - David H Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA;
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Aerathupalathu Janardhanan J, Valaboju A, Dhawan U, Mansoure TH, Yan CCS, Yang CH, Gautam B, Hsu CP, Yu HH. Molecular and nano structures of chiral PEDOT derivatives influence the enantiorecognition of biomolecules. In silico analysis of chiral recognition. Analyst 2021; 146:7118-7125. [PMID: 34739011 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01465j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this study we investigated the synergistic effects of the chirality (molecular structure) and surface morphology (nanostructure) of a newly designed sensing platform for the stereoselective recognition of biomolecules. We synthesized 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene monomers presenting an OH functional group on the side chain (EDOT-OH) with either R or S chirality and then electropolymerized them in a template-free manner to engineer poly(EDOT-OH) nanotubes and smooth films with R or S chirality. We used a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) to examine the differential binding of fetal bovine serum, RGD peptide, insulin, and (R)- and (S)-mandelic acid (MA) on these chiral polymeric platforms. All of these biomolecules bound stereoselectively and with greater affinity toward the nanotubes than to the smooth films. The sensitive chiral recognition of (S)- and (R)-MA on the (R)-poly(EDOT-OH) nanotube surface occurred with the highest chiral discrepancy ratio of 1.80. In vitro experiments revealed a greater degree of protein deposition from MCF-7 cells on the chiral nanotube surfaces. We employed ab initio molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations to investigate the mechanism underlying the sensitive chiral recognition between the chiral sensing platforms and the chiral analyte molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jayakrishnan Aerathupalathu Janardhanan
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Sustainable Chemical Science & Technology (SCST), Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University (NYCU), Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
| | - Anusha Valaboju
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan
| | - Udesh Dhawan
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Tharwat Hassan Mansoure
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | | | - Chou-Hsun Yang
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Bhaskarchand Gautam
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| | - Chao-Ping Hsu
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,National Center for Theoretical Sciences, Physics Division, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsiao-Hua Yu
- Smart Organic Materials Laboratory, Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. .,Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Stefani A, Giurlani W, Bonechi M, Marchetti A, Preda G, Pasini D, Innocenti M, Fontanesi C. On the Savéant's Concerted/Stepwise Model. The Electroreduction of Halogenated Naphthalene Derivatives as a Case Study. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202100978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Stefani
- Department of Physics, (FIM) Univ. of Modena Via Campi 213/A 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Walter Giurlani
- Department of Chemistry, “Ugo Schiff” Univ. of Firenze via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Marco Bonechi
- Department of Chemistry, “Ugo Schiff” Univ. of Firenze via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
| | - Andrea Marchetti
- Department of Chemical and Geological Science, DSCG Univ. of Modena Via Campi 103 41125 Modena Italy
| | - Giovanni Preda
- Department of Chemistry Univ. of Pavia via Taramelli 10 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Dario Pasini
- Department of Chemistry Univ. of Pavia via Taramelli 10 27100 Pavia Italy
| | - Massimo Innocenti
- Department of Chemistry, “Ugo Schiff” Univ. of Firenze via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Italy
- National Interuniversity Consortium of Material Science and Technology (INSTM) Via G. Giusti 9 50121 Firenze (FI) Italy
- Center for Colloid and Surface Science (CSGI) Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto F.no (FI) Italy
- Department of Industrial Engineering (DIEF) University of Florence Via di S. Marta, 3 50139 Firenze Italy
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari”, (DIEF) Univ. of Modena Via Vivarelli 10 41125 Modena Italy
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lu Y, Bloom BP, Qian S, Waldeck DH. Enantiospecificity of Cysteine Adsorption on a Ferromagnetic Surface: Is It Kinetically or Thermodynamically Controlled? J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7854-7858. [PMID: 34380316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
This work uses electrochemical quartz crystal microbalance methods to demonstrate the enantiospecific interaction between a magnetized surface and a chiral amino acid. The enantiospecific adsorption of chiral molecules (cysteine is used as a model) on a ferromagnetic surface is shown to arise from the kinetics of adsorption and not from a thermodynamic stabilization. Measurements of the Gibbs free energy of adsorption for different chiral forms of cysteine and different electrode magnetization states show no significant differences, whereas measurements of the adsorption and desorption kinetics reveal a strong dependence on the magnetization state of the electrode surface. In addition, the enantioselectivity is shown to depend sensitively on the solution pH and the charge state of the chiral adsorbate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - B P Bloom
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - S Qian
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - D H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
|
35
|
Metzger TS, Siam R, Kolodny Y, Goren N, Sukenik N, Yochelis S, Abu-Reziq R, Avnir D, Paltiel Y. Dynamic Spin-Controlled Enantioselective Catalytic Chiral Reactions. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:5469-5472. [PMID: 34085834 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c01518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Enantioselective catalytic chiral reactions are important to all aspects of life sciences. Here we present the first utilization of the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect to form, enantioselectively, sp3 chiral centers in catalytic reactions, starting from achiral reagents. The enantiomeric symmetry is broken by affecting spin-controlled different reaction dynamics toward each of the enantiomers, using magnetic substrates. Two catalytic reactions are used for this purpose: a sulfide to sulfoxide oxidation and a Diels-Alder cycloaddition reaction, both catalyzed by hematite (Fe2O3). The proof of concept was evaluated by circular dichroism measurements and by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography techniques. These results provide direct evidence that the directionality of the electron spin can break enantiomeric symmetry, enabling asymmetric catalysis without using chiral reagents, solvents, or catalysts.
Collapse
|
36
|
Resonance in Chirogenesis and Photochirogenesis: Colloidal Polymers Meet Chiral Optofluidics. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13020199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metastable colloids made of crystalline and/or non-crystalline matters render abilities of photonic resonators susceptible to chiral chemical and circularly polarized light sources. By assuming that μm-size colloids and co-colloids consisting of π- and/or σ-conjugated polymers dispersed into an optofluidic medium are artificial models of open-flow, non-equilibrium coacervates, we showcase experimentally resonance effects in chirogenesis and photochirogenesis, revealed by gigantic boosted chiroptical signals as circular dichroism (CD), optical rotation dispersion, circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), and CPL excitation (CPLE) spectral datasets. The resonance in chirogenesis occurs at very specific refractive indices (RIs) of the surrounding medium. The chirogenesis is susceptible to the nature of the optically active optofluidic medium. Moreover, upon an excitation-wavelength-dependent circularly polarized (CP) light source, a fully controlled absolute photochirogenesis, which includes all chiroptical generation, inversion, erase, switching, and short-/long-lived memories, is possible when the colloidal non-photochromic and photochromic polymers are dispersed in an achiral optofluidic medium with a tuned RI. The hand of the CP light source is not a determining factor for the product chirality. These results are associated with my experience concerning amphiphilic polymerizable colloids, in which, four decades ago, allowed proposing a perspective that colloids are connectable to light, polymers, helix, coacervates, and panspermia hypotheses, nuclear physics, biology, radioisotopes, homochirality question, first life, and cosmology.
Collapse
|
37
|
Buhse T, Cruz JM, Noble-Terán ME, Hochberg D, Ribó JM, Crusats J, Micheau JC. Spontaneous Deracemizations. Chem Rev 2021; 121:2147-2229. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Buhse
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas−IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
| | - José-Manuel Cruz
- Facultad de Ciencias en Física y Matemáticas, Universidad Autónoma de Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas 29050, Mexico
| | - María E. Noble-Terán
- Centro de Investigaciones Químicas−IICBA, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Avenida Universidad 1001, 62209 Cuernavaca, Morelos Mexico
| | - David Hochberg
- Department of Molecular Evolution, Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), Carretera Ajalvir, Km. 4, 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Madrid Spain
| | - Josep M. Ribó
- Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (IEEC-ICC) and Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Catalunya Spain
| | - Joaquim Crusats
- Institut de Ciències del Cosmos (IEEC-ICC) and Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1, 08028 Barcelona, Catalunya Spain
| | - Jean-Claude Micheau
- Laboratoire des IMRCP, UMR au CNRS No. 5623, Université Paul Sabatier, F-31062 Toulouse Cedex, France
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Rösch AT, Zhu Q, Robben J, Tassinari F, Meskers SCJ, Naaman R, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. Helicity Control in the Aggregation of Achiral Squaraine Dyes in Solution and Thin Films. Chemistry 2021; 27:298-306. [PMID: 32705726 PMCID: PMC7839690 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Squaraine dyes are well known for their strong absorption in the visible regime. Reports on chiral squaraine dyes are, however, scarce. To address this gap, we here report two novel chiral squaraine dyes and their achiral counterparts. The presented dyes are aggregated in solution and in thin films. A detailed chiroptical study shows that thin films formed by co-assembling the chiral dye with its achiral counterpart exhibit exceptional photophysical properties. The circular dichroism (CD) of the co-assembled structures reaches a maximum when just 25 % of the chiral dye are present in the mixture. The solid structures with the highest relative CD effect are achieved when the chiral dye is used solely as a director, rather than the structural component. The chiroptical data are further supported by selected spin-filtering measurements using mc-AFM. These findings provide a promising platform for investigating the relationship between the dissymmetry of a supramolecular structure and emerging material properties rather than a comparison between a chiral molecular structure and an achiral counterpart.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas T. Rösch
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Qirong Zhu
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Jorn Robben
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Stefan C. J. Meskers
- Department of Applied PhysicsEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological PhysicsWeizmann Institute of ScienceRehovot76100Israel
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic Chemistry, and Institute for Complex Molecular SystemsDepartment of Chemical Engineering and ChemistryEindhoven University of TechnologyP.O. Box 513, 5600MBEindhovenThe Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Bloom BP, Lu Y, Metzger T, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y, Fontanesi C, Mishra S, Tassinari F, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Asymmetric reactions induced by electron spin polarization. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:21570-21582. [PMID: 32697241 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03129a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Essential aspects of the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect and their implications for spin-controlled chemistry and asymmetric electrochemical reactions are described. The generation of oxygen through electrolysis is discussed as an example in which chirality-based spin-filtering and spin selection rules can be used to improve the reaction's efficiency and selectivity. Next the discussion shifts to illustrate how the spin selectivity of chiral molecules (CISS properties) allows one to use the electron spin as a chiral bias for inducing asymmetric reactions and promoting enantiospecific processes. Two enantioselective electrochemical reactions that have used polarized electron spins as a chiral reagent are described; enantioselective electroreduction to resolve an enantiomer from a racemic mixture and an oxidative electropolymerization to generate a chiral polymer from achiral monomers. A complementary approach that has used spin-polarized, but otherwise achiral, molecular films to enantiospecifically associate with one enantiomer from a racemic mixture is also discussed. Each of these reaction types use magnetized films to generate the spin polarized electrons and the enantiospecificity can be selected by choice of the magnetization direction, North pole versus South pole. Possible paths for future research in this area and its compatibility with existing methods based on chiral electrodes are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B P Bloom
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Y Lu
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| | - Tzuriel Metzger
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department and the Center for Nano-Science and Nano-Technology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, 91904, Israel.
| | - Claudio Fontanesi
- Department of Engineering "Enzo Ferrari", DIEF, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41125 Modena, Italy.
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Francesco Tassinari
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - Ron Naaman
- Dept. of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
| | - D H Waldeck
- Chemistry Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dinger F, Platt U. Towards an Artificial Carbohydrates Supply on Earth. FRONTIERS IN SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fsufs.2020.00090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
|
41
|
Zeng L, Liu Q, Yi Q, Tang K, Van der Bruggen B. Novel Chiral Drug Recovery and Enantioseparation Method: Hollow Fiber Membrane Extraction and In Situ Coupling of Back-Extraction with Crystallization. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c02123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lelin Zeng
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
| | - Qian Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Qin Yi
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Kewen Tang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and Technology, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, P. R. China
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, Leuven B-3001, Belgium
- Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment, Tshwane University of Technology, Private
Bag X680, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Abstract
This Perspective discusses recent experiments that bear on the chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) mechanism and its manifestation in electronic and magnetic properties of chiral molecules and materials. Although the discussion emphasizes newer experiments, such as the magnetization dependence of chiral molecule interactions with ferromagnetic surfaces, early experiments, which reveal the nonlinear scaling of the spin filtering with applied potential, are described also. In many of the theoretical studies, one has had to invoke unusually large spin-orbit couplings in order to reproduce the large spin filtering observed in experiments. Experiments imply that exchange interactions and Pauli exclusion constraints are an important aspect of CISS. They also demonstrate the spin-dependent charge flow between a ferromagnetic substrate and chiral molecules. With these insights in mind, a simplified model is described in which the chiral molecule's spin polarization is enhanced by a spin blockade effect to generate large spin filtering.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Naaman
- Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Y Paltiel
- Applied Physics Department, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - D H Waldeck
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh, 219 Parkman Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260 United States
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Metzger TS, Tokatly Y, Avigad E, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y. Selective enantiomer purification using magnetic oriented interacting microparticles. Sep Purif Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2020.116501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
44
|
Solomon ML, Saleh AAE, Poulikakos LV, Abendroth JM, Tadesse LF, Dionne JA. Nanophotonic Platforms for Chiral Sensing and Separation. Acc Chem Res 2020; 53:588-598. [PMID: 31913015 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Chirality in Nature can be found across all length scales, from the subatomic to the galactic. At the molecular scale, the spatial dissymmetry in the atomic arrangements of pairs of mirror-image molecules, known as enantiomers, gives rise to fascinating and often critical differences in chemical and physical properties. With increasing hierarchical complexity, protein function, cell communication, and organism health rely on enantioselective interactions between molecules with selective handedness. For example, neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases have been linked to distortion of chiral-molecular structure. Moreover, d-amino acids have become increasingly recognized as potential biomarkers, necessitating comprehensive analytical methods for diagnosis that are capable of distinguishing l- from d-forms and quantifying trace concentrations of d-amino acids. Correspondingly, many pharmaceuticals and agrochemicals consist of chiral molecules that target particular enantioselective pathways. Yet, despite the importance of molecular chirality, it remains challenging to sense and to separate chiral compounds. Chiral-optical spectroscopies are designed to analyze the purity of chiral samples, but they are often insensitive to the trace enantiomeric excess that might be present in a patient sample, such as blood, urine, or sputum, or pharmaceutical product. Similarly, existing separation schemes to enable enantiopure solutions of chiral products are inefficient or costly. Consequently, most pharmaceuticals or agrochemicals are sold as racemic mixtures, with reduced efficacy and potential deleterious impacts.Recent advances in nanophotonics lay the foundation toward highly sensitive and efficient chiral detection and separation methods. In this Account, we highlight our group's effort to leverage nanoscale chiral light-matter interactions to detect, characterize, and separate enantiomers, potentially down to the single molecule level. Notably, certain resonant nanostructures can significantly enhance circular dichroism for improved chiral sensing and spectroscopy as well as high-yield enantioselective photochemistry. We first describe how achiral metallic and dielectric nanostructures can be utilized to increase the local optical chirality density by engineering the coupling between electric and magnetic optical resonances. While plasmonic nanoparticles locally enhance the optical chirality density, high-index dielectric nanoparticles can enable large-volume and uniform-sign enhancements in the optical chirality density. By overlapping these electric and magnetic resonances, local chiral fields can be enhanced by several orders of magnitude. We show how these design rules can enable high-yield enantioselective photochemistry and project a 2000-fold improvement in the yield of a photoionization reaction. Next, we discuss how optical forces can enable selective manipulation and separation of enantiomers. We describe the design of low-power enantioselective optical tweezers with the ability to trap sub-10 nm dielectric particles. We also characterize their chiral-optical forces with high spatial and force resolution using combined optical and atomic force microscopy. These optical tweezers exhibit an enantioselective optical force contrast exceeding 10 pN, enabling selective attraction or repulsion of enantiomers based on the illumination polarization. Finally, we discuss future challenges and opportunities spanning fundamental research to technology translation. Disease detection in the clinic as well as pharmaceutical and agrochemical industrial applications requiring large-scale, high-throughput production will gain particular benefit from the simplicity and relative low cost that nanophotonic platforms promise.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michelle L. Solomon
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Amr A. E. Saleh
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Engineering Mathematics and Physics, Faculty of Engineering, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Lisa V. Poulikakos
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - John M. Abendroth
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Loza F. Tadesse
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jennifer A. Dionne
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ghosh S, Mishra S, Avigad E, Bloom BP, Baczewski LT, Yochelis S, Paltiel Y, Naaman R, Waldeck DH. Effect of Chiral Molecules on the Electron's Spin Wavefunction at Interfaces. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:1550-1557. [PMID: 32013436 PMCID: PMC7307953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Kelvin-probe measurements on ferromagnetic thin film electrodes coated with self-assembled monolayers of chiral molecules reveal that the electron penetration from the metal electrode into the chiral molecules depends on the ferromagnet's magnetization direction and the molecules' chirality. Electrostatic potential differences as large as 100 mV are observed. These changes arise from the applied oscillating electric field, which drives spin-dependent charge penetration from the ferromagnetic substrate to the chiral molecules. The enantiospecificity of the response is studied as a function of the magnetization strength, the magnetization direction, and the handedness and length of the chiral molecules. These new phenomena are rationalized in terms of the chiral-induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect, in which one spin orientation of electrons from the ferromagnet penetrates more easily into a chiral molecule than does the other orientation. The large potential changes (>kT at room temperature) manifested here imply that this phenomenon is important for spin transport in chiral spintronic devices and for magneto-electrochemistry of chiral molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Ghosh
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - Suryakant Mishra
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eytan Avigad
- Applied
Physics Department, the Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Brian P. Bloom
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| | - L. T. Baczewski
- Magnetic
Heterostructures Laboratory, Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Shira Yochelis
- Applied
Physics Department, the Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Yossi Paltiel
- Applied
Physics Department, the Hebrew University
of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 91904, Israel
| | - Ron Naaman
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann
Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - David H. Waldeck
- Chemistry
Department, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, United States
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
Stemer DM, Abendroth JM, Cheung KM, Ye M, El Hadri MS, Fullerton EE, Weiss PS. Differential Charging in Photoemission from Mercurated DNA Monolayers on Ferromagnetic Films. NANO LETTERS 2020; 20:1218-1225. [PMID: 31960675 PMCID: PMC7058983 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b04622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Spin-dependent and enantioselective electron-molecule scattering occurs in photoelectron transmission through chiral molecular films. This spin selectivity leads to electron spin filtering by molecular helices, with increasing magnitude concomitant with increasing numbers of helical turns. Using ultraviolet photoelectron spectroscopy, we measured spin-selective surface charging accompanying photoemission from ferromagnetic substrates functionalized with monolayers of mercurated DNA hairpins that constitute only one helical turn. Mercury ions bind specifically at thymine-thymine mismatches within self-hybridized single-stranded DNA, enabling precise control over the number and position of Hg2+ along the helical axis. Differential charging of the organic layers, manifested as substrate-magnetization-dependent photoionization energies, was observed for DNA hairpins containing Hg2+; no differences were measured for hairpin monolayers in the absence of Hg2+. Inversion of the DNA helical secondary structure at increased metal loading led to complementary inversion in spin selectivity. We attribute these results to increased scattering probabilities from relativistic enhancement of spin-orbit interactions in mercurated DNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik M. Stemer
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - John M. Abendroth
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Kevin M. Cheung
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Matthew Ye
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Mohammed S. El Hadri
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Eric E. Fullerton
- Center for Memory and Recording Research, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Paul S. Weiss
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Corresponding author: (PSW)
| |
Collapse
|
47
|
False Chirality, Absolute Enantioselection and CP Violation: Pierre Curie’s Legacy. MAGNETOCHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/magnetochemistry6010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The 1884 suggestion of Pierre Curie (1859–1906) that the type of dissymmetry shown by collinear electric and magnetic fields may induce an enantiomeric excess, in a chemical reaction that would otherwise produce a racemic mixture, is explored in the context of fundamental symmetry arguments. Curie’s arrangement exhibits false chirality (time-noninvariant enantiomorphism), and so it may not induce absolute enantioselection (ae) in a process that has reached thermodynamic equilibrium, since it does not lift the degeneracy of chiral enantiomers. However, it may do so in far-from-equilibrium processes via a breakdown in microscopic reversibility analogous to that observed in elementary particle processes under the influence of CP violation, the associated force possessing false chirality with respect to CP enantiomorphism. In contrast, an influence like circularly polarized light exhibiting true chirality (time-invariant enantiomorphism) lifts the degeneracy of enantiomers, and so may induce ae in all circumstances. Although to date, ae has not been observed under the influence of Curie’s arrangement of collinear electric and magnetic fields, it is argued that two different experiments have now demonstrated ae under a falsely chiral influence in systems far from equilibrium, namely in a spinning sample under a gravitational field, and in the separation of enantiomers at a ferromagnetic surface.
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Magnetoelectrochemistry is a branch of electrochemistry where magnetic fields play a vital role in the oxidation and reduction process of the molecules. When it comes to spin-dependent electrochemistry (SDE), becomes a new paradigm. This work presents electrochemical response during the “chiral imprinting” on working electrodes and the effects of potentiostatic and galvanostatic methods. We explore the use of the SDE concept, which is implemented for chiral-ferromagnetic (CFM) hybrid working electrodes, and we compare various electrochemical parameters affecting the quality of deposition. We electrochemically co-deposited nickel (Ni) with a chiral compound (tartaric acid) in its enantiopure forms (L and D), which allows us to obtain a chiral co-deposited nickel-tartaric acid (Ni-LTA or Ni-DTA) working electrode.
Collapse
|
49
|
Higgins RF, Cheisson T, Cole BE, Manor BC, Carroll PJ, Schelter EJ. Magnetic Field Directed Rare‐Earth Separations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F. Higgins
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
- Eramet Ideas 1 rue Albert Einstein 78190 Trappes France
| | - Bren E. Cole
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Brian C. Manor
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| |
Collapse
|
50
|
Higgins RF, Cheisson T, Cole BE, Manor BC, Carroll PJ, Schelter EJ. Magnetic Field Directed Rare‐Earth Separations. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 59:1851-1856. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert F. Higgins
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Thibault Cheisson
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
- Eramet Ideas 1 rue Albert Einstein 78190 Trappes France
| | - Bren E. Cole
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Brian C. Manor
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Patrick J. Carroll
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| | - Eric J. Schelter
- P. Roy and Diana T. Vagelos Laboratories Department of Chemistry University of Pennsylvania 231 S. 34th St. Philadelphia PA 19104 USA
| |
Collapse
|