1
|
Keringer P, Furedi N, Gaszner B, Miko A, Pakai E, Fekete K, Olah E, Kelava L, Romanovsky AA, Rumbus Z, Garami A. The hyperthermic effect of central cholecystokinin is mediated by the cyclooxygenase-2 pathway. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 322:E10-E23. [PMID: 34779255 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00223.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) increases core body temperature via CCK2 receptors when administered intracerebroventricularly (icv). The mechanisms of CCK-induced hyperthermia are unknown, and it is also unknown whether CCK contributes to the fever response to systemic inflammation. We studied the interaction between central CCK signaling and the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway. Body temperature was measured in adult male Wistar rats pretreated with intraperitoneal infusion of the nonselective COX enzyme inhibitor metamizol (120 mg/kg) or a selective COX-2 inhibitor, meloxicam, or etoricoxib (10 mg/kg for both) and, 30 min later, treated with intracerebroventricular CCK (1.7 µg/kg). In separate experiments, CCK-induced neuronal activation (with and without COX inhibition) was studied in thermoregulation- and feeding-related nuclei with c-Fos immunohistochemistry. CCK increased body temperature by ∼0.4°C from 10 min postinfusion, which was attenuated by metamizol. CCK reduced the number of c-Fos-positive cells in the median preoptic area (by ∼70%) but increased it in the dorsal hypothalamic area and in the rostral raphe pallidus (by ∼50% in both); all these changes were completely blocked with metamizol. In contrast, CCK-induced satiety and neuronal activation in the ventromedial hypothalamus were not influenced by metamizol. CCK-induced hyperthermia was also completely blocked with both selective COX-2 inhibitors studied. Finally, the CCK2 receptor antagonist YM022 (10 µg/kg icv) attenuated the late phases of fever induced by bacterial lipopolysaccharide (10 µg/kg; intravenously). We conclude that centrally administered CCK causes hyperthermia through changes in the activity of "classical" thermoeffector pathways and that the activation of COX-2 is required for the development of this response.NEW & NOTEWORTHY An association between central cholecystokinin signaling and the cyclooxygenase-prostaglandin E pathway has been proposed but remained poorly understood. We show that the hyperthermic response to the central administration of cholecystokinin alters the neuronal activity within efferent thermoeffector pathways and that these effects are fully blocked by the inhibition of cyclooxygenase. We also show that the activation of cyclooxygenase-2 is required for the hyperthermic effect of cholecystokinin and that cholecystokinin is a modulator of endotoxin-induced fever.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Patrik Keringer
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Nora Furedi
- Department of Anatomy, Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience, Medical School and Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Balazs Gaszner
- Department of Anatomy, Research Group for Mood Disorders, Centre for Neuroscience, Medical School and Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Alexandra Miko
- Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School and Szentagothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Pakai
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kata Fekete
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Emoke Olah
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Leonardo Kelava
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | | | - Zoltan Rumbus
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Andras Garami
- Department of Thermophysiology, Institute for Translational Medicine, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Albrecht A, Redavide E, Regev-Tsur S, Stork O, Richter-Levin G. Hippocampal GABAergic interneurons and their co-localized neuropeptides in stress vulnerability and resilience. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2020; 122:229-244. [PMID: 33188820 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Studies in humans and rodents suggest a critical role for the hippocampal formation in cognition and emotion, but also in the adaptation to stressful events. Successful stress adaptation promotes resilience, while its failure may lead to stress-induced psychopathologies such as depression and anxiety disorders. Hippocampal architecture and physiology is shaped by its strong control of activity via diverse classes of inhibitory interneurons that express typical calcium binding proteins and neuropeptides. Celltype-specific opto- and chemogenetic intervention strategies that take advantage of these biochemical markers have bolstered our understanding of the distinct role of different interneurons in anxiety, fear and stress adaptation. Moreover, some of the signature proteins of GABAergic interneurons have a potent impact on emotion and cognition on their own, making them attractive targets for interventions. In particular, neuropeptide Y is a promising endogenous agent for mediating resilience against severe stress. In this review, we evaluate the role of the major types of interneurons across hippocampal subregions in the adaptation to chronic and acute stress and to emotional memory formation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Albrecht
- Institute of Anatomy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Science, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Elisa Redavide
- Institute of Anatomy, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Center for Behavioral Brain Science, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Stav Regev-Tsur
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, 199 Aba-Hushi Avenue, 3498838 Haifa, Israel; The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBR), University of Haifa, 199 Aba-Hushi Avenue, 3498838 Haifa, Israel.
| | - Oliver Stork
- Center for Behavioral Brain Science, Universitätsplatz 2, 39106 Magdeburg, Germany; Department of Genetics & Molecular Neurobiology, Institute of Biology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Leipziger Str. 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Gal Richter-Levin
- Sagol Department of Neurobiology, University of Haifa, 199 Aba-Hushi Avenue, 3498838 Haifa, Israel; The Integrated Brain and Behavior Research Center (IBBR), University of Haifa, 199 Aba-Hushi Avenue, 3498838 Haifa, Israel; Psychology Department, University of Haifa199 Aba-Hushi Avenue, 3498838 Haifa, Israel.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Satake H, Matsubara S, Shiraishi A, Yamamoto T, Osugi T, Sakai T, Kawada T. Peptide receptors and immune-related proteins expressed in the digestive system of a urochordate, Ciona intestinalis. Cell Tissue Res 2019; 377:293-308. [PMID: 31079207 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03024-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The digestive system is responsible for nutrient intake and defense against pathogenic microbes. Thus, identification of regulatory factors for digestive functions and immune systems is a key step to the verification of the life cycle, homeostasis, survival strategy and evolutionary aspects of an organism. Over the past decade, there have been increasing reports on neuropeptides, their receptors, variable region-containing chitin-binding proteins (VCBPs) and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the ascidian, Ciona intestinalis. Mass spectrometry-based peptidomes and genome database-searching detected not only Ciona orthologs or prototypes of vertebrate peptides and their receptors, including cholecystokinin, gonadotropin-releasing hormones, tachykinin, calcitonin and vasopressin but also Ciona-specific neuropeptides including Ci-LFs and Ci-YFVs. The species-specific regulation of GnRHergic signaling including unique signaling control via heterodimerization among multiple GnRH receptors has also been revealed. These findings shed light on the remarkable significance of ascidians in investigations of the evolution and diversification of the peptidergic systems in chordates. In the defensive systems of C. intestinalis, VCBPs and TLRs have been shown to play major roles in the recognition of exogenous microbes in the innate immune system. These findings indicate both common and species-specific functions of the innate immunity-related molecules between C. intestinalis and vertebrates. In this review article, we present recent advances in molecular and functional features and evolutionary aspects of major neuropeptides, their receptors, VCBPs and TLRs in C. intestinalis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Honoo Satake
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Souraku, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan.
| | - Shin Matsubara
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Souraku, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan
| | - Akira Shiraishi
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Souraku, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamamoto
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Souraku, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osugi
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Souraku, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Sakai
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Souraku, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawada
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 8-1-1 Seikadai, Seika, Souraku, Kyoto, 619-0284, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Matsubara S, Kawada T, Sakai T, Aoyama M, Osugi T, Shiraishi A, Satake H. The significance of Ciona intestinalis as a stem organism in integrative studies of functional evolution of the chordate endocrine, neuroendocrine, and nervous systems. Gen Comp Endocrinol 2016; 227:101-8. [PMID: 26031189 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2015.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/13/2015] [Accepted: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Ascidians are the closest phylogenetic neighbors to vertebrates and are believed to conserve the evolutionary origin in chordates of the endocrine, neuroendocrine, and nervous systems involving neuropeptides and peptide hormones. Ciona intestinalis harbors various homologs or prototypes of vertebrate neuropeptides and peptide hormones including gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRHs), tachykinins (TKs), and calcitonin, as well as Ciona-specific neuropeptides such as Ciona vasopressin, LF, and YFV/L peptides. Moreover, molecular and functional studies on Ciona tachykinin (Ci-TK) have revealed the novel molecular mechanism of inducing oocyte growth via up-regulation of vitellogenesis-associated protease activity, which is expected to be conserved in vertebrates. Furthermore, a series of studies on Ciona GnRH receptor paralogs have verified the species-specific regulation of GnRHergic signaling including unique signaling control via heterodimerization among multiple GnRH receptors. These findings confirm the remarkable significance of ascidians in investigations of the evolutionary processes of the peptidergic systems in chordates, leading to the promising advance in the research on Ciona peptides in the next stage based on the recent development of emerging technologies including genome-editing techniques, peptidomics-based multi-color staining, machine-learning prediction, and next-generation sequencing. These technologies and bioinformatic integration of the resultant "multi-omics" data will provide unprecedented insights into the comprehensive understanding of molecular and functional regulatory mechanisms of the Ciona peptides, and will eventually enable the exploration of both conserved and diversified endocrine, neuroendocrine, and nervous systems in the evolutionary lineage of chordates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shin Matsubara
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Kawada
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | - Tsubasa Sakai
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | - Masato Aoyama
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Kitauoyahigashi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Osugi
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | - Akira Shiraishi
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | - Honoo Satake
- Bioorganic Research Institute, Suntory Foundation for Life Sciences, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK), a peptide originally discovered in the gastrointestinal tract, is one of the most abundant and widely distributed neuropeptides in the brain. In spite of its abundance, recent data indicate that CCK modulates intrinsic neuronal excitability and synaptic transmission in a surprisingly cell-type specific manner, acting as a key molecular switch to regulate the functional output of neuronal circuits. The central importance of CCK in neuronal networks is also reflected in its involvement in a variety of neuropsychiatric and neurological disorders including panic attacks and epilepsy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Soo Yeun Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, California, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Cell-type-specific CCK2 receptor signaling underlies the cholecystokinin-mediated selective excitation of hippocampal parvalbumin-positive fast-spiking basket cells. J Neurosci 2011; 31:10993-1002. [PMID: 21795548 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1970-11.2011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parvalbumin-positive (PV+) fast-spiking basket cells are thought to play key roles in network functions related to precise time keeping during behaviorally relevant hippocampal synchronous oscillations. Although they express relatively few receptors for neuromodulators, the highly abundant and functionally important neuropeptide cholecystokinin (CCK) is able to selectively depolarize PV+ basket cells, making these cells sensitive biosensors for CCK. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the CCK-induced selective and powerful excitation of PV+ basket cells are not understood. We used single and paired patch-clamp recordings in acute rat hippocampal slices, in combination with post hoc identification of the recorded interneurons, to demonstrate that CCK acts via G-protein-coupled CCK2 receptors to engage sharply divergent intracellular pathways to exert its cell-type-selective effects. In contrast to CCK2 receptors on pyramidal cells that signal through the canonical G(q)-PLC pathway to trigger endocannabinoid-mediated signaling events, CCK2 receptors on neighboring PV+ basket cells couple to an unusual, pertussis-toxin-sensitive pathway. The latter pathway involves ryanodine receptors on intracellular calcium stores that ultimately activate a nonselective cationic conductance to depolarize PV+ basket cells. CCK has highly cell-type-selective effects even within the PV+ cell population, as the PV+ dendrite-targeting bistratified cells do not respond to CCK. Together, these results demonstrate that an abundant ligand such as CCK can signal through the same receptor in different neurons to use cell-type-selective signaling pathways to provide divergence and specificity to its effects.
Collapse
|
7
|
Nakamura NH, Akiyama K, Naito T. Suppression of cAMP-dependent gene expression by cholecystokinin in the hippocampus. Neuroscience 2011; 187:15-23. [PMID: 21540082 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2011.04.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Our previous study suggests that "the neuropeptidergic system" might promote a diversity of the mechanisms that regulate signal transmission in the hippocampus. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is the mostly expressed neuropeptide gene in the hippocampus. Here, we investigated whether CCK regulates immediate-early genes (Egr1/zif268 and Fos), critical indicators of cortical neuronal activity. We showed that CCK increased Egr1/zif268 promoter activity in a neuronal cell line, which is transfected with CCK(B) receptor. Unexpectedly, in living hippocampal slices, CCK significantly suppressed cAMP-induced expression of Egr1/zif268 and Fos through CCK(B) receptor activation. This suppression was involved in activating GABA(B) and cannabinoid 1 receptors. In addition to transient CCK modulation of action potentials on hippocampal principal neurons, we suggest that release of endogenous CCK might indirectly produce the suppression of cAMP-dependent gene expression in the hippocampus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N H Nakamura
- Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology, Okinawa 904-2234, Japan.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kawada T, Sekiguchi T, Sakai T, Aoyama M, Satake H. Neuropeptides, hormone peptides, and their receptors in Ciona intestinalis: an update. Zoolog Sci 2010; 27:134-53. [PMID: 20141419 DOI: 10.2108/zsj.27.134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The critical phylogenetic position of ascidians leads to the presumption that neuropeptides and hormones in vertebrates are highly likely to be evolutionarily conserved in ascidians, and the cosmopolitan species Ciona intestinalis is expected to be an excellent deuterostome Invertebrate model for studies on neuropeptides and hormones. Nevertheless, molecular and functional characterization of Ciona neuropeptides and hormone peptides was restricted to a few peptides such as a cholecystokinin (CCK)/gastrin peptide, cionin, and gonadotropin-releasing hormones (GnRHs). In the past few years, mass spectrometric analyses and database searches have detected Ciona orthologs or prototypes of vertebrate peptides and their receptors, including tachykinin, insulin/relaxin, calcitonin, and vasopressin. Furthermore, studies have shown that several Ciona peptides, including vasopressin and a novel GnRH-related peptide, have acquired ascidian-specific molecular forms and/or biological functions. These findings provided indisputable evidence that ascidians, unlike other invertebrates (including the traditional protostome model animals), possess neuropeptides and hormone peptides structurally and functionally related to vertebrate counterparts, and that several peptides have uniquely diverged in ascidian evolutionary lineages. Moreover, recent functional analyses of Ciona tachykinin in the ovary substantiated the novel tachykininergic protease-assoclated oocyte growth pathway, which could not have been revealed in studies on vertebrates. These findings confirm the outstanding advantages of ascidians in understanding the neuroscience, endocrinology, and evolution of vertebrate neuropeptides and hormone peptides. This article provides an overview of basic findings and reviews new knowledge on ascidian neuropeptides and hormone peptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tsuyoshi Kawada
- Suntory Institute for Bioorganic Research, 1-1-1 Wakayamadai, Shimamoto, Mishima, Osaka 618-8503, Japan
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Molecular modeling of the three-dimensional structure of the extracellular loops of the CCK2 receptor and their binding with the CCK-4 tetrapeptide. Pharm Chem J 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-008-0096-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
10
|
Pérez de la Mora M, Hernández-Gómez AM, Arizmendi-García Y, Jacobsen KX, Lara-García D, Flores-Gracia C, Crespo-Ramírez M, Gallegos-Cari A, Nuche-Bricaire A, Fuxe K. Role of the amygdaloid cholecystokinin (CCK)/gastrin-2 receptors and terminal networks in the modulation of anxiety in the rat. Effects of CCK-4 and CCK-8S on anxiety-like behaviour and [3H]GABA release. Eur J Neurosci 2008; 26:3614-30. [PMID: 18088282 DOI: 10.1111/j.1460-9568.2007.05963.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The amygdala plays a key role in fear and anxiety. The intercalated islands are clusters of glutamate-responsive GABAergic neurons rich in cholecystokinin (CCK)-2 receptors which control the trafficking of nerve impulses from the cerebral cortex to the central nucleus of amygdala. In this study, the nature of the CCK-glutamate-GABA interactions within the rat rostral amygdala, and their relevance for anxiety, were studied. CCK/gastrin-like immunoreactive nerve terminals were found to be mainly restricted to the paracapsular intercalated islands and the rostrolateral part of the main intercalated island. Behaviourally, the bilateral microinjection of CCK-4 (0.043-4.3 pmol/side) or CCK-8S (4.3 pmol/side) into the rostrolateral amygdala reduced the open-arm exploration in the elevated plus-maze without affecting locomotion. In contrast, neither CCK-4 nor CCK-8S (0.043-4.3 pmol/side) had any effects in the shock-probe burying test as compared with their saline-treated controls. Biochemically, CCK-4 (0.3 and 1.5 microm), unlike CCK-8S, enhanced significantly the K(+)-stimulated release of [(3)H]GABA from amygdala slices. These effects were fully prevented by prior superfusion of the slices with either the selective CCK-2 receptor antagonist CR2945 (3 microm), or 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-dione (DNQX), 10 microm, a glutamatergic (+/-)-alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methylisoxazole-4-propionic acid (AMPA)/kainate receptor antagonist. It is suggested that CCK modulates glutamate-GABA mechanisms by acting on CCK-2 receptors via volume transmission occurring at the level of the basolateral amygdaloid nucleus and/or by synaptic or perisynaptic volume transmission in the region of the rostrolateral main and paracapsular intercalated islands, resulting in subsequent disinhibition of the central amygdaloid nucleus and anxiety or panic-like behaviour.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Pérez de la Mora
- Department of Biophysics, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Apartado Postal 70-253, México 04510 DF, México.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Foucaud M, Archer-Lahlou E, Marco E, Tikhonova IG, Maigret B, Escrieut C, Langer I, Fourmy D. Insights into the binding and activation sites of the receptors for cholecystokinin and gastrin. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 145:17-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.regpep.2007.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
12
|
Abstract
Cholecystokinin and gastrin receptors (CCK1R and CCK2R) are G protein-coupled receptors that have been the subject of intensive research in the last 10 years with corresponding advances in the understanding of their functioning and physiology. In this review, we first describe general properties of the receptors, such as the different signaling pathways used to exert short- and long-term effects and the structural data that explain their binding properties, activation, and regulation. We then focus on peripheral cholecystokinin receptors by describing their tissue distribution and physiological actions. Finally, pathophysiological peripheral actions of cholecystokinin receptors and their relevance in clinical disorders are reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marlène Dufresne
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U. 531, Institut Louis Bugnard, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rangueil, France
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Deng PY, Lei S. Bidirectional modulation of GABAergic transmission by cholecystokinin in hippocampal dentate gyrus granule cells of juvenile rats. J Physiol 2006; 572:425-42. [PMID: 16455686 PMCID: PMC1779673 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2005.104463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholecystokinin (CCK) interacts with two types of G protein-coupled receptors in the brain: CCK-A and CCK-B receptors. Both CCK and CCK-B receptors are widely distributed in the hippocampal formation, but the functions of CCK there have been poorly understood. In the present study, we initially examined the effects of CCK on GABA(A) receptor-mediated synaptic transmission in the hippocampal formation and then explored the underlying cellular mechanisms by focusing on the dentate gyrus region, where the highest levels of CCK-binding sites have been detected. Our results indicate that activation of CCK-B receptors initially and transiently increased spontaneous IPSC (sIPSC) frequency, followed by a persistent reduction. The effects of CCK were more evident in juvenile rats, suggesting that they are developmentally regulated. Cholecystokinin failed to modulate the miniature IPSCs recorded in the presence of TTX and the amplitude of the evoked IPSCs, but produced a transient increase followed by a reduction in action potential firing frequency recorded from GABAergic interneurons, suggesting that CCK acts by modulating the excitability of the interneurons to regulate GABA release. Cholecystokinin reduced the amplitude of the after-hyperpolarization of the action potentials, and application of paxilline or charybdotoxin considerably reduced CCK-mediated modulation of sIPSC frequency, suggesting that the effects of CCK are related to the inhibition of Ca(2+)-activated K(+) currents (I(K(Ca))). The effects of CCK were independent of the functions of phospholipase C, intracellular Ca(2+) release, protein kinase C or phospholipase A(2), suggesting a direct coupling between the G proteins of CCK-B receptors and I(K(Ca)). Our results provide a novel mechanism underlying CCK-mediated modulation of GABA release.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Yue Deng
- Department of Pharmacology, Physiology and Therapeutics, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, 58203, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Kombian SB, Ananthalakshmi KVV, Parvathy SS, Matowe WC. Cholecystokinin-2 receptors couple to cAMP–protein kinase A to depress excitatory synaptic currents in rat nucleus accumbens in vitro. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2006; 84:203-11. [PMID: 16900946 DOI: 10.1139/y05-119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported that the activation of cholecystokinin-2 receptors depress evoked excitatory postsynaptic currents (EPSCs) in nucleus accumbens (NAc) indirectly through γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) acting on γ-aminobutyric acid-B (GABAB) receptors. Here, we determined the second messenger system that couples cholecystokinin-2 receptors to the observed synaptic depression. Using in vitro forebrain slices of rats and whole-cell patch recording, we tested the hypothesis that cholecystokinin-2 receptors are coupled to cAMP and protein kinase A signaling pathway. Cholecystokinin-8S induced inward currents and depressed evoked EPSCs. Forskolin, an activator of adenylyl cyclase and rolipram that is an inhibitor of phosphodiesterase type IV, independently increased EPSC amplitude and blocked the inward current and synaptic depression induced by cholecystokinin-8S. Furthermore, the membrane-permeable cAMP analog, 8-bromo-cAMP, blocked the cholecystokinin-8S effects. H89, a protein kinase A inhibitor, also blocked cholecystokinin-8S effects. However, depression of the evoked EPSC by baclofen, a GABABreceptor agonist, was not blocked by H89 or forskolin. These findings indicate that cholecystokinin-2, but not GABAB, receptors are coupled to the adenylyl cyclase – cAMP – protein kinase A signaling pathway in the NAc to induce inward currents and cause synaptic depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samuel B Kombian
- Department of Applied Therapeutics, Kuwait University, Box 24923, Safat 13110, Kuwait.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Foucaud M, Tikhonova IG, Langer I, Escrieut C, Dufresne M, Seva C, Maigret B, Fourmy D. Partial Agonism, Neutral Antagonism, and Inverse Agonism at the Human Wild-Type and Constitutively Active Cholecystokinin-2 Receptors. Mol Pharmacol 2005; 69:680-90. [PMID: 16293711 DOI: 10.1124/mol.105.019992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholecystokinin receptor-2 (CCK2R) is a G protein receptor that regulates a number of physiological functions. Activation of CCK2R and/or expression of a constitutively active CCK2R variant may contribute to human diseases, including digestive cancers. Search for antagonists of the CCK2R has been an important challenge during the last few years, leading to discovery of a set of chemically distinct compounds. However, several early-discovered antagonists turned out to be partial agonists. In this context, we carried out pharmacological characterization of six CCK2R antagonists using COS-7 cells expressing the human CCK2R or a CCK2R mutant having a robust constitutive activity on inositol phosphates production, and we investigated the molecular mechanisms which, at a CCK2R binding site, account for these features. Results indicated that three compounds, 3R(+)-N-(2,3-dihydro-1-methyl-2-oxo-5-phenyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl)-N'-(3-methylphenyl)urea (L365,260), 4-{[2-[[3-(lH-indol-3-yl)-2-methyl-1-oxo-2-[[[1.7.7-trimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-yl)-oxy]carbonyl]amino]propyl]amino]-1-phenylethyl]amino-4-oxo-[lS-la.2[S*(S*)]4a]}-butanoate N-methyl-D-glucamine (PD135,158), and (R)-1-naphthalenepropanoic acid, b-[2-[[2-(8-azaspiro-[4.5]dec-8-ylcarbonyl)-4,6-dimethylphenyl]amino]-2-oxoethyl] (CR2945), were partial agonists; one molecule, 1-[(R)-2,3-dihydro-1-(2,3-dihydro-1-(2-methylphenacyl)-2-oxo-5-phenyl-1H-1,4-benzodiazepin-3-yl]-3-(3-methylphenyl)urea (YM022), was a neutral antagonist; and two compounds, N-(+)-[1-(adamant-1-ylmethyl)-2,4-dioxo-5-phenyl2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-1,5-benzodiazepin-3-yl]-N'-phenylurea (GV150,013X) and ([(N-[methoxy-3 phenyl] N-[N-methyl N-phenyl carbamoylmethyl], carbomoyl-methyl)-3 ureido]-3-phenyl)2-propionic acid (RPR101,048), were inverse agonists. Furthermore, target- and pharmacophore-based docking of ligands followed by molecular dynamic simulation experiments resulted in consistent motion of aromatic residues belonging to a network presumably important for activation, thus providing the first structural explanations for the different pharmacological profiles of tested compounds. This study confirms that several referenced so-called antagonists are in fact partial agonists, and because of this undesired activity, we suggest that newly generated molecules should be preferred to efficiently block CCK2R-related physiological effects. Furthermore, data on the structural basis for the different pharmacological features of CCK2R ligands will serve to further clarify CCK2R mechanism of activation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magali Foucaud
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Unit 531, Institut Fédératif de Recherche, Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Langer I, Tikhonova IG, Travers MA, Archer-Lahlou E, Escrieut C, Maigret B, Fourmy D. Evidence That Interspecies Polymorphism in the Human and Rat Cholecystokinin Receptor-2 Affects Structure of the Binding Site for the Endogenous Agonist Cholecystokinin. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:22198-204. [PMID: 15817487 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m501786200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor-2 exerts very important central and peripheral functions by binding the neuropeptides cholecystokinin or gastrin. Because this receptor is a potential therapeutic target, great interest has been devoted to the identification of efficient antagonists. However, interspecies genetic polymorphism that does not alter cholecystokinin-induced signaling was shown to markedly affect activity of synthetic ligands. In this context, precise structural study of the agonist binding site on the human cholecystokinin receptor-2 is a prerequisite to elucidating the molecular basis for its activation and to optimizing properties of synthetic ligands. In this study, using site-directed mutagenesis and molecular modeling, we delineated the binding site for CCK on the human cholecystokinin receptor-2 by mutating amino acids corresponding to that of the rat homolog. By doing so, we demonstrated that, although resembling that of rat homolog, the human cholecystokinin receptor-2 binding site also displays important distinct structural features that were demonstrated by susceptibility to several point mutations (F120A, Y189A, H207A). Furthermore, docking of CCK in the human and rat cholecystokinin receptor-2, followed by dynamic simulations, allowed us to propose a plausible structural explanation of the experimentally observed difference between rat and human cholecystokinin-2 receptors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Langer
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Louis Bugnard, CHU Rangueil, 31432 Toulouse Cedex 4, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
McBride SMJ, Choi CH, Wang Y, Liebelt D, Braunstein E, Ferreiro D, Sehgal A, Siwicki KK, Dockendorff TC, Nguyen HT, McDonald TV, Jongens TA. Pharmacological rescue of synaptic plasticity, courtship behavior, and mushroom body defects in a Drosophila model of fragile X syndrome. Neuron 2005; 45:753-64. [PMID: 15748850 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuron.2005.01.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 354] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2004] [Revised: 12/07/2004] [Accepted: 01/25/2005] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Fragile X syndrome is a leading heritable cause of mental retardation that results from the loss of FMR1 gene function. A Drosophila model for Fragile X syndrome, based on the loss of dfmr1 activity, exhibits phenotypes that bear similarity to Fragile X-related symptoms. Herein, we demonstrate that treatment with metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR) antagonists or lithium can rescue courtship and mushroom body defects observed in these flies. Furthermore, we demonstrate that dfmr1 mutants display cognitive deficits in experience-dependent modification of courtship behavior, and treatment with mGluR antagonists or lithium restores these memory defects. These findings implicate enhanced mGluR signaling as the underlying cause of the cognitive, as well as some of the behavioral and neuronal, phenotypes observed in the Drosophila Fragile X model. They also raise the possibility that compounds having similar effects on metabotropic glutamate receptors may ameliorate cognitive and behavioral defects observed in Fragile X patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sean M J McBride
- Section of Molecular Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Archer-Lahlou E, Escrieut C, Clerc P, Martinez J, Moroder L, Logsdon C, Kopin A, Seva C, Dufresne M, Pradayrol L, Maigret B, Fourmy D. Molecular mechanism underlying partial and full agonism mediated by the human cholecystokinin-1 receptor. J Biol Chem 2005; 280:10664-74. [PMID: 15632187 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m409451200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The cholecystokinin-1 receptor (CCK1R) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) that regulates important physiological functions. As for other GPCRs, the molecular basis of full and partial agonism is still far from clearly understood. In the present report, using both laboratory experiments and molecular modeling approaches, we have investigated the partial agonism mechanism of JMV 180, on the human CCK1R. We first showed that efficacy of the CCK1R to activate phospholipase C is dependent on the correct orientation of the C-terminal end of peptidic ligands toward residue Phe(330) of helix VI. We have previously reported that a single mutation of Met(121) (helix III) markedly reduced the receptor-mediated inositol phosphate production upon stimulation by CCK. Computational simulations predicted that residue 121 affected orientation of the C-terminal end of CCK, thus suggesting that the molecular complex with a reduced inositol phosphate production observed with the mutated CCK1R resembles that resulting from binding of JMV 180 to the WT-CCK1R. Pharmacological, biochemical, and functional characterizations of the two receptor.ligand complexes with decreased abilities to signal were carried out in different cell types. We found that they presented the same features, such as total dependence of inositol phosphate production to Galpha(q) expression, single affinity of binding sites, insensitivity of binding to non-hydrolyzable GTP, absence of GTPgamma[S(35)] binding following agonist stimulation, similarity of dose-response curves for amylase secretion, and incapacity to induce acute pancreatitis in pancreatic acini. We concluded that helices VI and III of the CCK1R are functionally linked through the CCK1R agonist binding site and that positioning of the C-terminal ends of peptidic agonists toward Phe(330) of helix VI is responsible for extent of phospholipase C activation through Galpha(q) coupling. Given the potential therapeutic interest of partial agonists such as JMV 180, our structural data will serve for target structure-based design of new CCK1R ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elodie Archer-Lahlou
- INSERM U 531, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Rangueil, Bat. L3, TSA 50032, 31059 Toulouse cedex 9, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The purpose of this chapter is to summarize and place into perspective the past year's literature regarding the regulation of gastric exocrine and endocrine secretion. RECENT FINDINGS To prevent acid and pepsin from overwhelming mucosal defense mechanisms and causing injury, the secretion of gastric acid is precisely regulated by a variety of central (eg, neuropeptide Y, corticotropin-releasing factor, and neuromedin U) and peripheral (eg, gastrin, histamine, acetylcholine, somatostatin, cholecystokinin, calcitonin gene-related peptide, leptin, and parietal cell) pathways. These pathways regulate the acid-producing parietal cell directly and/or indirectly by regulating the secretion of histamine from enterochromaffin-like cells, gastrin from G cells, and somatostatin from D cells. Recently, genetically engineered mouse models have been used to reevaluate the neural, hormonal, and paracrine pathways that physiologically regulate acid secretion. SUMMARY An improved understanding of the pathways and mechanisms regulating gastric acid secretion should lead to the development of novel therapies to prevent and treat acid-peptic disorders as well as circumvent the adverse effects of currently used antisecretory medications such as the acid rebound observed after discontinuation of proton pump inhibitors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell L Schubert
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Virginia Commonwealth University's Medical College of Virginia and McGuire VAMC, Richmond, Virginia, USA.
| |
Collapse
|