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Li Q, Peng Q, Li Z, Smagghe G, Li G. Knockdown of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthetase gene TuFPPS by RNAi extends quiescent period and halts molting of the spider mite, Tetranychus urticae. EXPERIMENTAL & APPLIED ACAROLOGY 2025; 95:4. [PMID: 40418354 DOI: 10.1007/s10493-025-01031-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2025] [Accepted: 05/15/2025] [Indexed: 05/27/2025]
Abstract
In insects, farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS), a pivotal enzyme in the mevalonate pathway, is crucial in the juvenile hormone (JH)/methyl farnesoate (MF) biosynthesis pathway, particularly regulating the molting process. However, its role in the post-embryonic development and molting in Acari remains unclear. This study therefore investigated the function of TuFPPS in the deutonymphal stage of the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, an important pest in agriculture. Real time quantitative PCR (qPCR) revealed a significant increase in TuFPPS expression in the middle of the quiescent period (28 h). RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated knockdown of TuFPPS caused developmental delays, notably extending the quiescent period and delaying the molting process. Ultimately, the treated mites failed to molt and died with 80% mortality at 108 h before molting, while > 90% of the mites in the control successfully molted. To investigate the potential functions of TuFPPS during the quiescent period and molting process in T. urticae, we performed a genome-wide RNA sequencing following RNAi knockdown of TuFPPS. Four genes were identified based on the thresholds of|FC| ≥ 3 and FDR < 0.05, and these are involved in carbohydrate metabolism, fatty acid and lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and ABC transporters. Altogether, our data suggest that TuFPPS plays a critical role in regulating energy transport, intracellular digestion, and energy supply, as seen in ametabolous insects. These findings lay the foundation for further studies of the molecular mechanism of JH/MF in post-embryonic development and molting in mites, and also identify a potential target for pest control, as demonstrated in T. urticae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingyan Li
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of Plant Health and Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Qixiang Peng
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of Plant Health and Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Zhuo Li
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of Plant Health and Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
- Institute of Plant Health and Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
- Institute of Plant Health and Medicine, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, China.
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Zhang J, Zhang Y, Xia X, Ma C, Zhang Q, Li Y, Zhang Q, Wen W, Yang Z. Promoting effects of lipophilic pollutants on the reproductive toxicity of proteinophilic pollutants to Daphnia magna under chronic exposure. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2025; 372:126013. [PMID: 40057168 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2025.126013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2025] [Accepted: 03/05/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Lipophilic and proteinophilic toxic organic pollutants often coexist in aquatic environments. However, the toxic effects of these two types of pollutants on aquatic organisms under chronic co-exposure are poorly understood. In this study, the effects of lipophilic pollutants (pyrene and PCB 28) on the reproductive toxicity of proteinophilic pollutants (cyromazine) to Daphnia magna over a 28-d exposure period were investigated by analyzing alterations in developmental and reproductive endpoints, bioaccumulation, and the transcriptome. The results revealed that the bioaccumulation of lipophilic pollutants was inhibited by each other and that their bioaccumulation was not affected by cyromazine. However, lipophilic pollutants promoted the bioaccumulation of cyromazine in D. magna by 48.1%-220.0% through increasing the protein content by 11.1%-71.9% due to the downregulated gene expression associated with the decomposition process of proteins. The higher concentrations of cyromazine in the combined group caused greater disruption of the transcriptome related to the energy metabolism progression, reproduction, and development of D. magna compared with the cyromazine single exposure group. Hence, lipophilic pollutants enhanced the adverse effects on the growth, reproductive time and capacity, and intrinsic growth rate of D. magna induced by proteinophilic pollutants, and a synergistic effect occurred between lipophilic and proteinophilic pollutants. This study provides new insights into the ecological risks of lipophilic and proteinophilic pollutant mixtures in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yidi Zhang
- China Petrochemical Press Co., Ltd, Beijing, 100011, China
| | - Xinghui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China.
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Ecological Security and Green Development, Key Laboratory for City Cluster Environmental Safety and Green Development of the Ministry of Education, School of Ecology, Environment and Resources, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qianru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
| | - Wu Wen
- Instrumentation and Service Center for Science and Technology, Beijing Normal University, Zhuhai, 519087, China.
| | - Zhifeng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, 100875, China
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Cao J, Qin X, Yang H, Liu C, Cheng T. Dimm targets GDAP2 to regulate larval development in the silkworm, Bombyx mori. INSECT SCIENCE 2025. [PMID: 40205793 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.70032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2024] [Revised: 02/16/2025] [Accepted: 03/04/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025]
Abstract
The basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) domain transcription factors precisely regulate various developmental processes in insects. Dimm, a specific bHLH transcription factor, integrates the insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS) and juvenile hormone signaling (JHS) pathways to modulate larval development in silkworms. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying this regulation are not yet fully understood. This study aimed to determine the targets of Dimm through which it regulates larval development. Chromatin immunoprecipitation followed by sequencing (ChIP-seq) revealed ganglioside-induced differentiation-associated protein 2 (GDAP2) as a direct downstream target gene of Dimm. Further study showed that Dimm directly binds to an enhancer element located in the second intron of the GDAP2 gene to promote its transcription. GDAP2 exhibited widespread expression across different stages and tissues of silkworms, regulated by both the IIS and the JHS pathways. The systemic knockout of GDAP2 leads to delayed larval development with a significant reduction in body weight; moreover, larval development was arrested at the 4th-instar stage. Further investigation unveiled that the inhibition of the ecdysone and innate immune signaling pathways in the mutant line led to abnormal larval development. A systematic investigation of the biological functions of GDAP2 offers valuable insights into the mechanism by which Dimm integrates IIS and JHS pathways to regulate the larval development of silkworms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaodan Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hongguo Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Tingcai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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Huang Y, Gong X, Yu L, Yin Y, Huang Y, Jiang M, Han Q, Liao C. AaHR78 mediates the effects of 20E on growth and reproduction in Aedes aegypti. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2025; 162:104790. [PMID: 40023247 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2025.104790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2024] [Revised: 02/25/2025] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/04/2025]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors are critical components of various physiological pathways, significantly influencing insect signal transduction. Although the role of HR78 in tracheal and nervous system development has been well-studied, its function during transformation and reproduction remains underexplored. This study characterizes the nuclear receptor gene AaHR78 in Aedes aegypti, which possesses distinct sequence features, including a DNA-binding domain and a ligand-binding domain. AaHR78 spans 3117 base pairs with an open reading frame (ORF) of 1892 base pairs. Temporal and spatial transcription abundance analysis revealed that AaHR78 is predominantly expressed during the pupal stage, peaking at the white pupal phase. Notable transcription abundance levels were detected in the ovaries, thoraxes, and heads of female mosquitoes. Using RNA interference (RNAi) in Ae. aegypti larvae and adults, we investigated the functional role of AaHR78. Larval interference experiments demonstrated that AaHR78 knockdown disrupted genes associated with the 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) synthesis and signaling pathways, resulting in elevated 20E levels and accelerated pupation. In adult females, AaHR78 knockdown impaired ovarian development by reducing systemic 20E levels, subsequently decreasing egg production. Furthermore, our results confirm that 20E can directly induce AaHR78 transcription abundance. In conclusion, AaHR78 plays a pivotal role in mediating the effects of 20E on larval development and adult reproduction in Ae. aegypti. These findings provide valuable insights into the AaHR78-20E regulatory network and its potential as a molecular target for mosquito control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaneng Huang
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Xue Gong
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Lingling Yu
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yanan Yin
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Yuqi Huang
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Mingtian Jiang
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Qian Han
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China
| | - Chenghong Liao
- Laboratory of Tropical Veterinary Medicine and Vector Biology, School of Life and Health Sciences, Hainan Province Key Laboratory of One Health, Collaborative Innovation Center of One Health, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China; Hainan International One Health Institute, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan 570228, China.
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Ou Y, Luo Q, Zeng W, Tang Y, Hu J, Liu C, Ma Y, Xu H. BmHR3 Is Essential for Silk Gland Development and Silk Protein Synthesis in Silkworms ( Bombyx mori). INSECTS 2025; 16:369. [PMID: 40332830 PMCID: PMC12028065 DOI: 10.3390/insects16040369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2025] [Revised: 03/25/2025] [Accepted: 03/27/2025] [Indexed: 05/08/2025]
Abstract
The steroid hormone 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E), which is known to regulate insect molting and metamorphosis, is crucial for the normal development of silk glands (SGs) in the silkworm Bombyx mori. However, how the 20E signaling pathway and its core members function in the SG remains largely unclear. Here, we report that the orphan nuclear receptor BmHR3, a 20E-response factor, plays an essential role in regulating SG development and silk protein synthesis. First, we showed that tissue-specific BmHR3 overexpression and knockout result in severe developmental defects in posterior silk glands (PSGs). Second, we revealed that BmHR3 dysfunction in PSGs dramatically represses the transcription of silk fibroin protein-coding genes, thereby inhibiting fibroin protein synthesis. Finally, we confirmed that BmHR3 can regulate fibroin protein-coding gene expression via direct and indirect mechanisms. This study elucidates the vital function of BmHR3 in B. mori SG and provides valuable information for thoroughly understanding the regulatory roles of 20E signaling in specialized insect organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Ou
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.O.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.H.); (C.L.)
- Chongqing Sericulture Science and Technology Research Institute, Chongqing 400715, China
| | - Qin Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.O.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Wenhui Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.O.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Yiyun Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.O.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Jie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.O.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Chun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.O.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.O.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.H.); (C.L.)
| | - Hanfu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, College of Sericulture, Textile and Biomass Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; (Y.O.); (Q.L.); (W.Z.); (Y.T.); (J.H.); (C.L.)
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Li H, Kong X, Yang D, Fang Y, Yang H, Zhang W, Wei J, Li X. Differential regulation of reproduction and molting by juvenile hormone in aphids. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2025; 162:104791. [PMID: 40043901 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2025.104791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2024] [Revised: 02/24/2025] [Accepted: 02/25/2025] [Indexed: 03/10/2025]
Abstract
Insects rely on juvenile hormones to regulate various physiological processes, including reproduction and molting; currently eight forms of this hormone are known. In most insects, only JH Ⅲ is synthesized. Meanwhile, aphids produce JH Ⅲ and JH Ⅲ skipped bisepoxide (JHSB3). However, it remains unclear whether these compounds play distinct roles in functional regulation. In this study, we demonstrated that the tested concentrations of JH Ⅲ effectively increased the number of aphid offspring, whereas high concentrations of JHSB3 affected the molting process. Drip experiments showed that 10 mg/L JH Ⅲ increased the number of offspring from 39.38 ± 8.03 to 56.50 ± 13.17, whereas 10 mg/L JHSB3 resulted in a 60.00 %± 5.77 % failure rate in molting before adulthood. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed that in the JH Ⅲ treatment group, 9 genes and 7 pathways associated with reproduction were expressed, but not genes or pathways associated with molting. In addition, 16 genes and 9 pathways associated with molting as well as 5 genes and 4 pathways associated with reproduction were identified in the JHSB3 treatment group. JH Ⅲ promotes reproduction in aphids by enhancing Vg expression, whereas JHSB3 affects molting by inhibiting the synthesis of molting hormone-related enzymes. The results indicate that JH Ⅲ and JHSB3 exhibit diverse functions in Aphis craccivora. The findings have significant implications for further studies on the physiological functions of different JHs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolin Li
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Kong
- Department of Entomology and MOA Key Lab of Pest Monitoring and Green Management, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100000, People's Republic of China
| | - Dongyu Yang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Fang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Han Yang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiguang Wei
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesheng Li
- College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-products Safety, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China.
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Qiao H, Tong Z, Wang Y, Yang J, Sun Y, Shi H, Liu Z, Duan J, Li D, Kan Y. miR-34-5p mediates 20E-induced autophagy in the fat body of Bombyx mori by targeting Atg1. BMC Genomics 2025; 26:317. [PMID: 40165048 PMCID: PMC11956236 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-025-11499-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2025] [Indexed: 04/02/2025] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND 20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) is an important hormone that regulates insect development and metamorphosis. The fat body of insects plays a crucial role in nutrient storage and energy metabolism and is considered the exchange center for regulating insect development. The fat body undergoes remarkable transformation during insect metamorphosis and is primarily regulated by 20E. microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified in different insects and have multiple functions in various physiological processes. However, the interaction of 20E and miRNAs in fat body regulation remains unclear. RESULTS We constructed six small RNA libraries using Bombyx mori fat body treated with 20E. Expression and functional analyses were conducted to identify 20E-responsive miRNAs. In total, 431 miRNAs were identified, including 389 known and 42 novel miRNAs. Differential expression analysis revealed significant expression changes in the expression of 40, 9, and 18 miRNAs at 2 h, 6 h, and 12 h after 20E treatment, respectively. The expression of 10 miRNAs was validated using quantitative real-time PCR. miR-34-5p is a highly conserved miRNA among the 10 validated miRNAs, and autophagy-related gene 1 (Atg1) was considered a target gene of miR-34-5p. The expression analysis of miR-34-5p and Atg1 exhibited an opposite expression pattern in the fat body after the 20E treatment. Dual-luciferase assay indicated that miR-34-5p could inhibit Atg1 expression by targeting a binding site in CDS region of Atg1. In larval fat body, overexpressing miR-34-5p by injecting miR-34-5p agomir suppressed the expression of Atg1 and autophagy, whereas knocking down miR-34-5p by injecting miR-34-5p antagomir induced the expression of Atg1 and autophagy. Meanwhile, Atg1 silencing by RNAi also inhibited autophagy. These results indicate that miR-34-5p participates in 20E-induced autophagy in B. mori fat body by interacting with Atg1. CONCLUSIONS We systematically identified and functionally characterized miRNAs associated with 20E regulation in the fat body of B. mori. miR-34-5p is involved in 20E-induced autophagy in B. mori by regulating its target gene Atg1. These results provide insight into the role of sophisticated interactions between miRNAs, 20E regulation, and autophagy in fat body remodeling and insect metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huili Qiao
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China.
| | - Ziqian Tong
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Yuanzhuo Wang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Juanjuan Yang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Yanyan Sun
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Huixuan Shi
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Zhuo Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Jianping Duan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Dandan Li
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China
| | - Yunchao Kan
- Henan Key Laboratory of Insect Biology in Funiu Mountain, Henan International Joint Laboratory of Insect Biology, College of Life Science, Nanyang Normal University, Nanyang, Henan, 473061, China.
- School of Resourses and Enviroment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, 453003, China.
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8
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Zhu S, Liu F, Chen X, Xia S, Wu Y, Tang W, Ren C, Wang J, Li S. Inter-organelle communication dynamically orchestrates juvenile hormone biosynthesis and female reproduction. Natl Sci Rev 2025; 12:nwaf022. [PMID: 40041027 PMCID: PMC11879407 DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwaf022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2024] [Revised: 01/02/2025] [Accepted: 01/14/2025] [Indexed: 03/06/2025] Open
Abstract
Inter-organelle communication coordinates cellular homeostasis and function. Juvenile hormone (JH) is produced in the corpora allata (CA) and acts as a gonadotrophic hormone in most insects. Using transcriptomic, biochemical, molecular, and genetic analyses, here we investigated the underlying mechanism of how inter-organelle communication dynamically orchestrates JH biosynthesis and female reproduction in the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana. The extracellular stimuli insulin and allatostatin act through their membrane receptors and antagonistically regulate RyR-mediated Ca2+ release from the endoplasmic reticulum in CA cells. Ca2+-activated CaMKII stimulates energy metabolism in the mitochondria partially via SLC25A6, and induces the expression of JH biosynthetic genes HMGR, Jhamt, and Cyp15a1 through activating transcription factor CREB, which recruits CBP for histone acetylation in the nucleus. Additionally, mitochondria interact with CREB-CBP through mitonuclear communication to regulate JH biosynthesis. From the perspective of inter-organelle communication, this comprehensive study significantly advanced our understanding of hormone biosynthesis and reproductive biology in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiming Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514779, China
| | - Fangfang Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514779, China
| | - Xiaoyi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Sishi Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Yingting Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Wei Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Chonghua Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Entomology, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou 514779, China
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Niu Y, Zhang S, Shi F, Zhao Y, Li M, Zong S, Tao J. Transcriptome analysis identifies key genes in juvenile hormone and ecdysteroid signaling pathways and their roles in regulating reproductive system development of adult Monochamus saltuarius. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 295:139634. [PMID: 39788234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.139634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2024] [Revised: 12/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2025] [Indexed: 01/12/2025]
Abstract
Monochamus saltuarius is an important vector of pinewood nematode in Eurasia with a high reproductive capacity. Endocrine hormones play a key role in insect reproduction. Understanding the mechanism of internal regulation can provide targets for pest control. However, this type of research on M. saltuarius remain limited. Our study constructed transcriptome of the internal reproductive systems in male and female M. saltuarius across three development stages. Interference experiments targeting the MSALMet1 and exploring its critical role in reproduction. Transcriptome results revealed that 42 genes related to the juvenile hormone and ecdysteroid pathways were identified. Among them, 12 genes were significantly enriched in reproduction-related pathways, and the expression patterns of 14 genes aligned with the developmental trend of the internal reproductive system, suggesting that they may play a regulatory role in reproductive processes. Furthermore, protein-protein interaction networks elucidated the complex interactions among these genes, shedding light on their diverse functions. Notably, bioinformatics analysis and interference experiments revealed that MSALMet1 having the profound effect on reproductive system development in both sexes. These findings highlight the critical role of endocrine-related genes in regulating reproductive development and provide a theoretical foundation for regulating reproduction at molecular level, potentially contributing to M. saltuarius population control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Niu
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Sainan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fengming Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuxuan Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meng Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Shixiang Zong
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
| | - Jing Tao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Forest Pest Control, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
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10
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Chen J, Zhu P, Jin S, Zhang Z, Jiang S, Li S, Liu S, Peng Q, Pan Y. A hormone-to-neuropeptide pathway inhibits sexual receptivity in immature Drosophila females. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2025; 122:e2418481122. [PMID: 39982743 PMCID: PMC11874258 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2418481122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2025] [Indexed: 02/22/2025] Open
Abstract
Newborns, typically asexual, undergo a process of sexual transition to reach sexual maturity, but the regulatory mechanism underlying this transition is not clear. Here, we studied how female sexual behavior is modulated during sexual transition by hormones and neuromodulators in Drosophila. We found that neuropeptide Leucokinin (LK) inhibits female receptivity specifically during a sexual transition period in immature females, but not in younger or mature females. Moreover, the steroid hormone ecdysone, which is mainly synthesized in the female ovary during sexual maturation, acts on LK neurons via the ecdysone receptor to suppress sexual receptivity. We further found that LK suppresses female receptivity through its receptor LKR in central pC1 neurons, a decision center for female sexual behavior. These findings reveal a hormone-to-neuropeptide pathway that specifically inhibits sexual behavior during sexual maturation in female Drosophila, shedding light on how hormones and neuromodulators coordinate sexual development and behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Peiwen Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Sihui Jin
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Zhaokun Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Simei Jiang
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology and School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou514779, China
| | - Suning Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology and School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou514779, China
| | - Qionglin Peng
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Yufeng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Science and Medicine, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
- Co-innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, Nantong226019, China
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11
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Zhang J, Liu S, Li Y, Xu G, Deng H, King-Jones K, Li S. Nutrient status alters developmental fates via a switch in mitochondrial homeodynamics. Nat Commun 2025; 16:1258. [PMID: 39893174 PMCID: PMC11787341 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-025-56528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2025] [Indexed: 02/04/2025] Open
Abstract
Steroid hormones are powerful endocrine regulators, but little is known about how environmental conditions modulate steroidogenesis to reprogram developmental fates. Here, we use the Drosophila prothoracic gland (PG) to investigate how a nutrient restriction checkpoint (NRC) ensures or blocks developmental progression and sexual maturation via regulating steroidogenesis. Extensive transcriptome analysis of the PG reveals that pre-NRC starvation significantly downregulates mitochondria-associated genes. Pre-NRC starvation reduces prothoracicotropic neuropeptide hormone signaling, insulin signaling, and TORC1 activity in PG cells, which prevent mitochondrial fragmentation and import of Disembodied, a key steroidogenic enzyme. Ultimately, pre-NRC starvation causes severe mitophagy and proteasome dysfunction, blocking steroidogenesis and metamorphosis. By contrast, post-NRC starvation does not impair mitochondrial homeostasis in PG cells but reduces sit expression and induces moderate autophagy to promote steroidogenesis, leading to precocious metamorphosis. This study constitutes a paradigm for exploring how steroid hormone levels are controlled in response to environmental stress during developmental checkpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Suning Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China.
| | - Yang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanfeng Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huimin Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kirst King-Jones
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada.
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China.
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12
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Zhao J, Yin J, Wang Z, Shen J, Dong M, Yan S. Complicated gene network for regulating feeding behavior: novel efficient target for pest management. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2025; 81:10-21. [PMID: 39390706 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 09/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Feeding behavior is a fundamental activity for insects, which is essential for their growth, development and reproduction. The regulation of their feeding behavior is a complicated process influenced by a variety of factors, including external stimuli and internal physiological signals. The current review introduces the signaling pathways in brain, gut and fat body involved in insect feeding behavior, and provides a series of target genes for developing RNA pesticides. Additionally, this review summaries the current challenges for the identification and application of functional genes involved in feeding behavior, and finally proposes the future research direction. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Zhao
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jiaming Yin
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zeng Wang
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Shen
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Min Dong
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuo Yan
- Sanya Institute of China Agricultural University, Sanya, China
- Department of Plant Biosecurity, College of Plant Protection, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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13
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Zhang Y, Lv J, Sun X, Zhang Y, Shao M, Shi B, Zhang Y, Gu J, Zhao C, Liu F. Toxicity of antimony in housefly after whole-life-cycle exposure: Changes in growth, development, redox homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and fecundity. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2025; 289:117656. [PMID: 39752911 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.117656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 12/28/2024] [Accepted: 12/30/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2025]
Abstract
The increasing utilization of antimony (Sb) in manufacturing industries has led to the emergence of Sb contamination in the environment as a significant public health concern. To elucidate the toxicity of Sb and its mechanism of action, this study aimed to investigate the adverse effects of Sb on a cosmopolitan insect, housefly (Musca domestica), under a whole life cycle (from embryonic to adult stage) exposure through the examination of a suite of parameters, including biological, physiological, behavioral, and molecular endpoints. A range of Sb concentrations, including moderate contamination (0.07 mM), heavy contamination (0.7 mM), and extreme contamination (7 and 70 mM), were conducted in the study. The results indicated that the houseflies could maintain their health when exposed to 0.07 mM Sb. The exposure of Sb (0.7-70 mM) to houseflies resulted in a range of adverse effects, including developmental retardation, locomotor inhibition, gut damage, oxidative stress, and mitochondrial dysfunction in the houseflies. Significantly, Sb demonstrated reproductive toxicity in the houseflies, as evidenced by reduced reproductive capacity, DNA damage, and ovarian abnormalities. The disturbance of hormonal synthesis and the MAPK pathway induced by Sb treatment may contribute to reproductive toxicity. These comprehensive toxicological data provide insight into the prediction of toxicity and the assessment of the ecological risk of Sb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jinghua Lv
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yiwen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Menghua Shao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bingbing Shi
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yajie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Jihai Gu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chenchen Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Fengsong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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14
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Song J, Li W, Gao L, Yan Q, Zhang X, Liu M, Zhou S. miR-276 and miR-182013-5p modulate insect metamorphosis and reproduction via dually regulating juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase. Commun Biol 2024; 7:1604. [PMID: 39623057 PMCID: PMC11612435 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-024-07285-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Accepted: 11/18/2024] [Indexed: 12/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Juvenile hormone (JH) represses insect metamorphosis and stimulates reproduction. JH titers are generally low in juveniles, drop to a nadir during metamorphosis, increase after eclosion and peak in vitellogenic phase. We found that Jhamt, a rate-limiting enzyme in JH biosynthesis, mirrors JH titer patterns in the migratory locust. Knocking down Jhamt reduced JH titers, led to precocious nymphal ecdysis, metamorphosis and impaired vitellogenesis. Jhamt is negatively regulated by miR-276 and positively by miR-182013-5p. miR-276 is abundant in late nymphal but low in adults, while miR-182013-5p shows the opposite pattern. In nymphs, miR-276 binds more to Jhamt, while in adults, miR-182013-5p dominates. Functionally, miR-276 reduced Jhamt and JH levels, shortening nymphal development and inhibiting Vg expression. Conversely, miR-182013-5p increased Jhamt and JH levels, prolonging nymphal development and enhancing Vg expression. Our findings identify miR-276 and miR-182013-5p as dual regulators in JH biosynthesis, acting as "brake" and "accelerator," respectively. This study provides new insights into JH titer fluctuations and miRNA regulation in insect metamorphosis and reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiasheng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Wanwan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Lulu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Qiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Xinyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Mingzhi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China
| | - Shutang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Bio-breeding and Integrated Utilization, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, China.
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15
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He Q, Chen S, Hou T, Chen J. Juvenile hormone-induced microRNA miR-iab-8 regulates lipid homeostasis and metamorphosis in Drosophila melanogaster. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 33:792-805. [PMID: 39005109 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024]
Abstract
Metamorphosis plays an important role in the evolutionary success of insects. Accumulating evidence indicated that microRNAs (miRNAs) are involved in the regulation of processes associated with insect metamorphosis. However, the miRNAs coordinated with juvenile hormone (JH)-regulated metamorphosis remain poorly reported. In the present study, using high-throughput miRNA sequencing combined with Drosophila genetic approaches, we demonstrated that miR-iab-8, which primarily targets homeotic genes to modulate haltere-wing transformation and sterility was up-regulated by JH and involved in JH-mediated metamorphosis. Overexpression of miR-iab-8 in the fat body resulted in delayed development and failure of larval-pupal transition. Furthermore, metabolomic analysis results revealed that overexpression of miR-iab-8 caused severe energy metabolism defects especially the lipid metabolism, resulting in significantly reduced triacylglycerol (TG) content and glycerophospholipids but enhanced accumulation of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylethanolamine (PE). In line with this, Nile red staining demonstrated that during the third larval development, the TG content in the miR-iab-8 overexpression larvae was continuously decreased, which is opposite to the control. Additionally, the transcription levels of genes committed to TG synthesis and breakdown were found to be significantly increased and the expression of genes responsible for glycerophospholipids metabolism were also altered. Overall, we proposed that JH induced miR-iab-8 expression to perturb the lipid metabolism homeostasis especially the TG storage in the fat body, which in turn affected larval growth and metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu He
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Tianlan Hou
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jinxia Chen
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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16
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Campli G, Volovych O, Kim K, Veldsman WP, Drage HB, Sheizaf I, Lynch S, Chipman AD, Daley AC, Robinson-Rechavi M, Waterhouse RM. The moulting arthropod: a complete genetic toolkit review. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2024; 99:2338-2375. [PMID: 39039636 DOI: 10.1111/brv.13123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 07/09/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Exoskeletons are a defining character of all arthropods that provide physical support for their segmented bodies and appendages as well as protection from the environment and predation. This ubiquitous yet evolutionarily variable feature has been instrumental in facilitating the adoption of a variety of lifestyles and the exploitation of ecological niches across all environments. Throughout the radiation that produced the more than one million described modern species, adaptability afforded by segmentation and exoskeletons has led to a diversity that is unrivalled amongst animals. However, because of the limited extensibility of exoskeleton chitin and cuticle components, they must be periodically shed and replaced with new larger ones, notably to accommodate the growing individuals encased within. Therefore, arthropods grow discontinuously by undergoing periodic moulting events, which follow a series of steps from the preparatory pre-moult phase to ecdysis itself and post-moult maturation of new exoskeletons. Each event represents a particularly vulnerable period in an arthropod's life cycle, so processes must be tightly regulated and meticulously executed to ensure successful transitions for normal growth and development. Decades of research in representative arthropods provide a foundation of understanding of the mechanisms involved. Building on this, studies continue to develop and test hypotheses on the presence and function of molecular components, including neuropeptides, hormones, and receptors, as well as the so-called early, late, and fate genes, across arthropod diversity. Here, we review the literature to develop a comprehensive overview of the status of accumulated knowledge of the genetic toolkit governing arthropod moulting. From biosynthesis and regulation of ecdysteroid and sesquiterpenoid hormones, to factors involved in hormonal stimulation responses and exoskeleton remodelling, we identify commonalities and differences, as well as highlighting major knowledge gaps, across arthropod groups. We examine the available evidence supporting current models of how components operate together to prepare for, execute, and recover from ecdysis, comparing reports from Chelicerata, Myriapoda, Crustacea, and Hexapoda. Evidence is generally highly taxonomically imbalanced, with most reports based on insect study systems. Biases are also evident in research on different moulting phases and processes, with the early triggers and late effectors generally being the least well explored. Our synthesis contrasts knowledge based on reported observations with reasonably plausible assumptions given current taxonomic sampling, and exposes weak assumptions or major gaps that need addressing. Encouragingly, advances in genomics are driving a diversification of tractable study systems by facilitating the cataloguing of putative genetic toolkits in previously under-explored taxa. Analysis of genome and transcriptome data supported by experimental investigations have validated the presence of an "ultra-conserved" core of arthropod genes involved in moulting processes. The molecular machinery has likely evolved with elaborations on this conserved pathway backbone, but more taxonomic exploration is needed to characterise lineage-specific changes and novelties. Furthermore, linking these to transformative innovations in moulting processes across Arthropoda remains hampered by knowledge gaps and hypotheses based on untested assumptions. Promisingly however, emerging from the synthesis is a framework that highlights research avenues from the underlying genetics to the dynamic molecular biology through to the complex physiology of moulting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Campli
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Olga Volovych
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Kenneth Kim
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Werner P Veldsman
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Harriet B Drage
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Idan Sheizaf
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Sinéad Lynch
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Ariel D Chipman
- The Alexander Silberman Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus - Givat Ram, Jerusalem, 9190401, Israel
| | - Allison C Daley
- Institute of Earth Sciences, Quartier UNIL-Mouline, Bâtiment Géopolis, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Marc Robinson-Rechavi
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Robert M Waterhouse
- Department of Ecology and Evolution, Quartier UNIL-Sorge, Bâtiment Biophore, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
- SIB Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Quartier Sorge, Bâtiment Amphipôle, Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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17
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Zhao M, Wang W, Jin X, Liu Z, Luo M, Fu Y, Zhan T, Ma K, Zhang F, Ma L. Methoprene-Tolerant (Met) Acts as Methyl Farnesoate Receptor to Regulate Larva Metamorphosis in Mud Crab, Scylla paramamosain. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:12746. [PMID: 39684457 DOI: 10.3390/ijms252312746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2024] [Revised: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/21/2024] [Indexed: 12/18/2024] Open
Abstract
The conserved role of juvenile hormone (JH) signals in preventing larvae from precocious metamorphosis has been confirmed in insects. Crustaceans have different metamorphosis types from insects; we previously proved that methyl farnesoate (MF) can prohibit larvae metamorphosis in mud crabs, but the molecular signal of this process still needs to be elucidated. In this study, methoprene-tolerant (Met) of Scylla paramamosain was obtained and characterized, which we named Sp-Met. Sp-Met contains a 3360 bp ORF that encodes 1119 amino acids; the predicted protein sequences of Sp-Met include one bHLH, two PAS domains, one PAC domain, and several long unusual Gln repeats at the C-terminal. AlphaFold2 was used to predict the 3D structure of Sp-Met and the JH binding domain of Met. Furthermore, the binding properties between Sp-Met and MF were analyzed using CD-DOCK2, revealing a putative high affinity between the receptor and ligand. In silico site-directed mutagenesis suggested that insect Mets may have evolved to exhibit a higher affinity for both MF or JH III compared to the Mets of crustaceans. In addition, we found that the expression of Sp-Met was significantly higher in female reproductive tissues than in males but lower in most of the other examined tissues. During larval development, the expression variation in Sp-Met and Sp-Kr-h1 was consistent with the immersion effect of MF. The most interesting finding is that knockdown of Sp-Met blocked the inhibitory effect of MF on metamorphosis in the fifth zoea stage and induced pre-metamorphosis phenotypes in the fourth zoea stage. The knockdown of Sp-Met significantly reduced the expression of Sp-Kr-h1 and two ecdysone signaling genes, Sp-EcR and Sp-E93. However, only the reduction in Sp-Kr-h1 could be rescued by MF treatment. In summary, this study provides the first evidence that MF inhibits crustacean larval metamorphosis through Met and that the MF-Met→Kr-h1 signal pathway is conserved in mud crabs. Additionally, the crosstalk between MF and ecdysteroid signaling may have evolved differently in mud crabs compared to insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhao
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Zhiqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Minghao Luo
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Yin Fu
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Tianyong Zhan
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, 999 Huchenghuan Road, Shanghai 201306, China
| | - Keyi Ma
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Fengying Zhang
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
| | - Lingbo Ma
- Key Laboratory of East China Sea Fishery Resources Exploitation, Ministry of Agriculture, East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, 300 Jungong Road, Shanghai 200090, China
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Xia MH, Li CZ, Li YC, Pan D, Wang ZR, Dou W, Wang JJ. Lufenuron affects the fecundity of Panonychus citri by regulating the methyl farnesoate-ponasterone A network. INSECT SCIENCE 2024. [PMID: 39545271 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Revised: 09/22/2024] [Accepted: 09/28/2024] [Indexed: 11/17/2024]
Abstract
In insects, the juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) pathways jointly regulate fecundity, but only methyl farnesoate (MF) and ponasterone A exist in mites. Comparative transcriptomic analysis in Panonychus citri showed that E75B was significantly downregulated when exposed to lufenuron. Knockdown of E75B significantly affects the expression of vitellogenin (Vg), Fushi tarazu factor 1 (Ftz-f1) and juvenile hormone acid O-methyltransferase (JHAMT), reducing fecundity in mites. The knockdown of Ftz-f1 produced a more significant effect than the knockdown of E75B, indicating that the ponasterone A pathway positively regulates fecundity in P. citri. After the knockdown of JHAMT, the expression levels of both Vg and Ftz-f1 and fecundity were significantly increased, along with the inhibition of Kr-h1, suggesting that JHAMT was negatively correlated with fecundity in the regulatory network. Knockdown of Kr-h1 inhibited the expression of Vg and Ftz-f1 and fecundity, and whether the drop in fecundity is caused by Kr-h1 or Ftz-f1 is unclear. Subsequent feeding with MF induced Kr-h1 and Vg expression, whereas no significant effects were observed for JHAMT and Ftz-f1. Therefore, the MF pathway stimulates fecundity independently. RNA interference (RNAi) showed that JHAMT and Ftz-f1 inhibited each other, resulting in opposite effects of MF and ponasterone A pathways on steady-state fecundity when either factor changed. Meanwhile, JHAMT knockdown led to increased fecundity, indicating that the stimulating effect of the ponasterone A pathway was greater than the inhibiting effect of the MF pathway, and demonstrating the dominant role of the ponasterone A pathway. Therefore, the interaction between JHAMT and Ftz-f1 may be closely associated with the maintenance of MF-ponasterone A regulatory network homeostasis and is involved in the reduction of fecundity in P. citri induced by exposure to lufenuron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hao Xia
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan-Zhen Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Chuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Deng Pan
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zi-Ran Wang
- Institute of Tropical and Subtropical Cash Crops, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Baoshan, Yunnan Province, China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Biosafety and Green Production of Upper Yangtze River (Ministry of Education), Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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19
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Zhang T, Xu K, Liu D, Ma H, Liu W, Yang W. Dual roles of methoprene-tolerant gene TaMet in male molting and female reproduction of the tomato leafminer, Tuta absoluta (meyrick). Front Physiol 2024; 15:1500391. [PMID: 39611077 PMCID: PMC11603827 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1500391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2024] [Accepted: 10/30/2024] [Indexed: 11/30/2024] Open
Abstract
The tomato leafminer (Tuta absoluta) is a highly destructive global quarantine pest. The methoprene-tolerant (Met) protein, a member of the bHLH/PAS family of transcription factors, forms complexes with other family members to transduce the juvenile hormone signal, which regulates insect growth and development. However, the functions of the TaMet gene have rarely been studied in T. absoluta. Herein, we investigated the significance of TaMet in T. absoluta. Spatiotemporal expression analysis revealed that TaMet exhibited comparable expression patterns in males and females, with high expression levels during the early pupal and early adult stages. TaMet was predominantly expressed in the female ovary and male wing. TaMet knockdown impaired ovarian development in female adults, causing irregular arrangement and increased spacing of the egg epithelial cells in the ovary. Silencing TaMet also led to a 67.25% reduction in female spawning and a 67.21% decrease in the offspring hatching rate. Furthermore, the vitellogenin content was significantly diminished, and the expression levels of vitellogenin (Vg) and vitellogenin receptor (VgR) genes were significantly downregulated. In contrast, silencing TaMet in 3-day-old male pupae resulted in an 80% mortality rate and various phenotypic abnormalities, including body melanism, molting defects, and wing deformities. Moreover, the expression levels of wing development and chitin metabolism genes decreased significantly after knocking down TaMet. Our results indicate that TaMet plays a significant dual role in male molting and female reproduction of T. absoluta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Kai Xu
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Deqian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
| | - Hang Ma
- Yunnan Yuantianhua Co., Ltd Research and Development Center, Kunming, China
| | - Wenbiao Liu
- Yunnan Yuantianhua Co., Ltd Research and Development Center, Kunming, China
| | - Wenjia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Surveillance and Management of Invasive Alien Species in Guizhou Education Department, College of Biological and Environmental Engineering, Guiyang University, Guiyang, China
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20
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Lv YN, Zeng M, Yan ZY, Zhang PY, Ban N, Yuan DW, Li S, Luan YX, Bai Y. Juvenile hormone signaling is indispensable for late embryogenesis in ametabolous and hemimetabolous insects. BMC Biol 2024; 22:232. [PMID: 39394161 PMCID: PMC11470741 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-02029-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 10/02/2024] [Indexed: 10/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile hormone (JH) is an insect-exclusive hormone involved in regulating diverse aspects of insect physiology, and the evolution of its diverse function is widely interesting. Studying embryogenesis in basal wingless insects is important to understand the functional evolution of JH; however, experimental studies in this regard are scarce. In this study, we conducted CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockout (KO) of genes involved in JH biosynthesis and signaling cascades in the ametabolous firebrat, Thermobia domestica. Additionally, we investigated whether the primitive action of JH is conserved in the hemimetabolous cricket, Gryllus bimaculatus. RESULTS We observed that KO of JHAMT, CYP15A1, Met, and Kr-h1 resulted in embryonic lethality in T. domestica. Deprivation of JH or JH signaling arrested the progression of extraembryonic fluid resorption after dorsal closure and hatching, which is consistent with the gene expression pattern showing high Kr-h1 expression in the late embryos of T. domestica. The embryos deficient in JH signaling displayed wrinkled and weak legs. Comparative transcriptome analysis revealed that JH signaling promotes embryonic leg maturation through inducing energy supply and muscle activity, as validated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, JH signaling exhibited similar embryonic effects in G. bimaculatus. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals the indispensable role of JH signaling in facilitating the maturation of terminal tissues during late embryogenesis, as demonstrated by the regulation of leg development, in ametabolous and hemimetabolous insects. These findings further indicate that the embryonic functions of JH evolved earlier than its anti-metamorphic functions during postembryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Nan Lv
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Mei Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Zi-Yu Yan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Pei-Yan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Ning Ban
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Dong-Wei Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514000, China.
| | - Yun-Xia Luan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514000, China.
| | - Yu Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510000, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514000, China.
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Khalid MZ, Liu J, Zhang J, Yang L, Sun Z, Zhong G. Pyriproxyfen enhances germline stem cell proliferation and reduces reproduction in Drosophila by up-regulating juvenile hormone signaling. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:5099-5111. [PMID: 38865711 DOI: 10.1002/ps.8234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pyriproxyfen is an insect growth regulator (IGR) that is effective against various types of insect pests. However, the molecular mechanism underlying pyriproxyfen effects on insect reproduction remains unclear. Thus, in this study, we attempted to uncover the mechanisms underlying the impact of pyriproxyfen on the reproductive system of the model organism Drosophila melanogaster. RESULTS A significant decrease in Drosophila reproduction was observed after pyriproxyfen treatment. The juvenile hormone (JH) titer was significantly increased (120.4%) in the ovary samples of pyriproxyfen-treated flies. Likewise, the concentrations of key enzymes and the expression of key genes related to the JH signaling pathway were also increased in the pyriproxyfen-treated group compared with the control group. Furthermore, pyriproxyfen treatment significantly increased (15.6%) the number of germline stem cells (GSCs) and significantly decreased (17%) the number of cystoblasts (CBs). However, no significant differences were observed in the number of somatic cells. We performed RNA interference (RNAi) on five key genes (Met, Tai, gce, ftz-f1, and hairy) related to the JH signaling pathway in germ cells using the germ cell-specific Gal4 driver. Interestingly, RNAi of the selected genes significantly decreased the number of both GSCs and CBs in pyriproxyfen-treated transgenic flies. These results further validate that pyriproxyfen enhances GSC proliferation by up-regulating JH signaling. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that pyriproxyfen significantly decreases reproduction by affecting germ cells in female adult ovaries. The effect of pyriproxyfen on germ cell proliferation and differentiation is mediated by an increase in JH signaling. This study has significant implications for optimizing pest control strategies, developing sustainable agriculture practices, and understanding the mechanism of insecticide action. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Zaryab Khalid
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization, Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and Utilization, Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jin Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Liying Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Sun
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Guohua Zhong
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Integrated Pest Management in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Guangzhou, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Natural Pesticide and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou, P. R. China
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22
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Royle JW, Hurwood D, Sadowski P, Dudley KJ. Non-CG DNA methylation marks the transition from pupa to adult in Helicoverpa armigera. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2024; 33:493-502. [PMID: 38668923 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 08/20/2024]
Abstract
DNA methylation in insects is generally low in abundance, and its role is not well understood. It is often localised in protein coding regions and associated with the expression of 'housekeeping' genes. Few studies have explored DNA methylation dynamics during lifecycle stage transitions in holometabolous (metamorphosing) insects. Using targeted mass spectrometry, we have found a significant difference in global DNA methylation levels between larvae, pupae and adults of Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) Hübner, a polyphagous pest of agricultural importance. Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing confirmed these observations and pointed to non-CG context being the primary explanation for the difference observed between pupa and adult. Non-CG methylation was enriched in genes specific to various signalling pathways (Hippo signalling, Hedgehog signalling and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signalling) and ATP-dependent chromatin remodelling. Understanding the function of this epigenetic mark could be a target in future studies focusing on integrated pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack W Royle
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - David Hurwood
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Pawel Sadowski
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Kevin J Dudley
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
- Central Analytical Research Facility, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
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23
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He Q, Wang S, Chen S, Chen J. Juvenile hormone signal transducer hairy inhibits Krüppel homolog1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2024; 726:150276. [PMID: 38908347 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2024.150276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Hairy and Krüppel homolog 1 (Kr-h1) are transcriptional repressors that act synergistically to mediate the gene-repressive action of juvenile hormone (JH). However, whether a regulatory relationship exists between Hairy and Kr-h1 remains unclear. In this study, an inhibitory effect of Hairy on Kr-h1 expression was found. Genetic studies in Drosophila have shown that the simultaneous overexpression of Hairy and Kr-h1 can rescue the defective phenotypes caused by the overexpression of a single factor. Reduced expression of Kr-h1 was observed in Hairy-overexpressing flies and cells, whereas the expression levels of Hairy were unaffected in cells with ectopic expression of Kr-h1. The inhibitory effect of Hairy on Kr-h1 expression was found to occur at the transcriptional level, as Hairy bound directly to the B-box within the Kr-h1 promoter via the bHLH motif and recruited the corepressors C-terminal binding protein (CtBP) and Groucho (Gro) through the PLSLV and WRPW motifs, respectively. Our findings revealed a regulatory relationship between two JH response factors, which advances our understanding of the molecular mechanism of JH signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianyu He
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.
| | - Shunxin Wang
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Shanshan Chen
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Jinxia Chen
- College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
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Wu Z, Yan C, Xing K, Liu Y, Zhang C, Li H, Sun Y, Zhang J. Membrane-bound trehalase enhances cadmium tolerance by regulating cell apoptosis in Neocaridina denticulata sinensis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 944:173798. [PMID: 38844236 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Revised: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
Trehalase gene is mainly expressed in the digestive circulatory system for regulating energy metabolism and chitin synthesis in insects, but it is significantly expressed in gill for immunomodulation in shrimp. However, its function in regulating immunity, particularly metal resistance in crustaceans has yet to be elucidated. In this study, one Tre2 gene (NdTre2) was isolated from Neocaridina denticulata sinensis. It could bind to Cd2+ and inhibit its toxicity. Spatiotemporal expression analysis showed that the expression of NdTre2 was highest in the gill and significantly reduced at 12 h after Cd2+ stimulation. The transcriptomic analysis of the gill after NdTre2 knockdown showed that the expression of genes synthetizing 20E was up-regulated and the increased 20E could further induce apoptosis by activating the intrinsic mitochondrial pathway, exogenous death receptor-ligand pathway, and MAPK pathway. In vitro, overexpressing NdTre2 enhanced the tolerance of E. coli in Cd2+ environment. In summary, these results indicate that NdTre2 plays an essential role in regulating immunity and chitin metabolism in N. denticulata sinensis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zixuan Wu
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Congcong Yan
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Kefan Xing
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yujie Liu
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Huimin Li
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yuying Sun
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Jiquan Zhang
- School of Life Sciences/Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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25
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Zhang ZL, Xu QY, Zhang R, Shen C, Bao HB, Luo GH, Fang JC. The irregular developmental duration mainly caused by the broad-complex in Chilo suppressalis. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 204:106090. [PMID: 39277403 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Chilo suppressalis, a critical rice stem borer pest, poses significant challenges to rice production due to its overlapping generations and irregular developmental duration. These characteristics complicate pest management strategies. According to the dynamic analysis of the overwintering adults of C. suppressalis in fields, it indicates that the phenomenon of irregular development of C. suppressalis exists widely and continuously. This study delves into the potential role of the Broad-Complex (Br-C) gene in the developmental duration of C. suppressalis. Four isoforms of Br-C, named CsBr-C Z1, CsBr-C Z2, CsBr-C Z4, and CsBr-C Z7, were identified. After CsBr-Cs RNAi, the duration of larva development spans extended obviously. And, the average developmental duration of dsCsBr-Cs feeding individuals increased obviously. Meanwhile, the average developmental duration of the dsCsBr-C Z2 feeding group was the longest among all the RNAi groups. After dsCsBr-Cs feeding continuously, individuals pupated at different instars changed obviously: the proportion of individuals pupated at the 5th instar decreased and pupated at the 7th instar or higher increased significantly. Moreover, the pupation rate of dsCsBr-Cs (except dsCsBr-C Z7) were significantly lower than that of dsGFP. The same results were obtained from the mutagenesis in CsBr-C genes mediated by CRISPR/Cas9. The average developmental duration of CsBr-Cs knockout individuals was significantly prolonged. And, the instar of pupation in knockout individuals was also delayed significantly. In conclusion, this work showed that CsBr-Cs played a crucial role in pupal commitment and affected the developmental duration of C. suppressalis significantly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ling Zhang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Qing-Yu Xu
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Ru Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Chen Shen
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Hai-Bo Bao
- Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China
| | - Guang-Hua Luo
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China.
| | - Ji-Chao Fang
- College of Plant Protection, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Institute of Plant Protection, Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Food and Safety-State Key Laboratory Cultivation Base of Ministry of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210014, China.
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Yuan D, Zhang X, Yang Y, Wei L, Li H, Zhao T, Guo M, Li Z, Huang Z, Wang M, Dai Z, Li P, Xia Q, Qian W, Cheng D. Schlank orchestrates insect developmental transition by switching H3K27 acetylation to trimethylation in the prothoracic gland. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2401861121. [PMID: 39167603 PMCID: PMC11363265 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2401861121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Insect developmental transitions are precisely coordinated by ecdysone and juvenile hormone (JH). We previously revealed that accumulated H3K27 trimethylation (H3K27me3) at the locus encoding JH signal transducer Hairy is involved in the larval-pupal transition in insects, but the underlying mechanism remains to be fully defined. Here, we show in Drosophila and Bombyx that Rpd3-mediated H3K27 deacetylation in the prothoracic gland during the last larval instar promotes ecdysone biosynthesis and the larval-pupal transition by enabling H3K27me3 accumulation at the Hairy locus to induce its transcriptional repression. Importantly, we find that the homeodomain transcription factor Schlank acts to switch active H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) to repressive H3K27me3 at the Hairy locus by directly binding to the Hairy promoter and then recruiting the histone deacetylase Rpd3 and the histone methyltransferase PRC2 component Su(z)12 through physical interactions. Moreover, Schlank inhibits Hairy transcription to facilitate the larval-pupal transition, and the Schlank signaling cascade is suppressed by JH but regulated in a positive feedback manner by ecdysone. Together, our data uncover that Schlank mediates epigenetic reprogramming of H3K27 modifications in hormone actions during insect developmental transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongqin Yuan
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Xing Zhang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Ling Wei
- School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Hao Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Tujing Zhao
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Mengge Guo
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Zheng Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Zhu Huang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Min Wang
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Zongcai Dai
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Peixin Li
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Qingyou Xia
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Wenliang Qian
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
| | - Daojun Cheng
- Integrative Science Center of Germplasm Creation in Western China (CHONGQING) Science City, Biological Science Research Center, Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
- State Key Laboratory of Resource Insects, Biological Science Research Center,Southwest University, Chongqing400715, China
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Qu J, Feng Y, Zou X, Zhou Y, Cao W. Transcriptome and proteome analyses reveal genes and signaling pathways involved in the response to two insect hormones in the insect-fungal pathogen Hirsutella satumaensis. mSystems 2024; 9:e0016624. [PMID: 38984826 PMCID: PMC11334460 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00166-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The insect hormones ecdysone (20E) and juvenile hormone III (JH) have been demonstrated to stimulate the secretion of conidia mucilage and pigments in Hirsutella satumaensis. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, comparative transcriptome and proteome analyses were performed to identify the fungal genes and proteins of H. satumaensis that are up- or downregulated in response to insect hormones. A total of 17,407 unigenes and 1,016 proteins in conidia mucilage were identified. The genes involved in response to the hormones were classified into four functional groups: (1) stress response-related genes that are required for the removal of reactive oxygen species (glutathione synthetase, c7144) and genes involved in the response to osmotic stress in the hemocoel, such as those encoding proteins involved in the G, mTOR, and MAPK signaling pathways (2); insect hormone metabolic genes, including genes encoding ecdysteroid UDP-glucosyltransferase, ecdysteroid-22-kinase, and a key aldehyde dehydrogenase in a juvenile hormone synthesis pathway (3); secretory proteins that share homology with those of the host Bombyx mori, including fibrohexamerin, sericin 1, metalloprotease 1 protein, and silk gum protein, which were revealed by the omics data; and (4) proteins related to amino sugar metabolism and oxidative phosphorylation that were specifically expressed in mucilage in response to 20E and JH, respectively. These findings revealed that H. satumaensis can mount effective responses by modulating the expression of genes involved in the detoxification, adaptation, and evasion of insect hormone-mediated immune responses, providing fresh insights into fungal pathogen-host insect interactions.IMPORTANCEInsect hormones are highly important for the regulation of insect growth, development, and immune system function. Thus, the expansion of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) could be affected by these hormones when they inhabit the host hemocoel. However, the molecular basis of EPF in response to insect hormones has yet to be determined. Our results revealed that EPF are impacted by 20E and JH, both of which act as signals, as these hormones lead to changes in metabolic pathways of the fungus, thus demonstrating a direct relationship between the fungus and the hormones. Furthermore, adaptive strategies, such as the use of ecdysone-inactivating enzymes and secreted filamentous proteins in H. satumaensis, which strongly resemble those of the host insect, have been discovered, thus illustrating the importance of adaptation to insect hormones for a better understanding of the interaction between insects and EPF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Qu
- College of Tea Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongli Feng
- Institute of Fungal Resources, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Xiao Zou
- Institute of Fungal Resources, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yeming Zhou
- Institute of Fungal Resources, College of Life Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Wei Cao
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Life Sciences/Institute of Agro-bioengineering, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
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Li H, Zhang W, Zhang Y, Guo X, Hou J, Li H, Wei J, Li X. Effects of pyriproxyfen on development and hormone of the aphis, Aphis craccivora (Hemiptera: Aphididae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2024; 117:1493-1502. [PMID: 38935064 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toae141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Pyriproxyfen (PPF) has been shown to affect the pupal stage and ecdysone levels in holometabolous insects, such as silkworms and mealworms. It remains unknown whether it affects hemimetabolous insects with their hormone levels in insects lacking a pupal stage. In this laboratory study, bioassays were conducted to investigate the effects of varying doses of PPF on Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphididae). Ultraperformance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) was used to determine the types and titers of juvenile hormone (JH) and 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E). Additionally, the effects of PPF on A. craccivora reproduction and molting, as well as its influence on relevant gene expression, were examined. The results revealed LC50 and LC90 values of 3.84 and 7.49 mg/l for PPF, respectively, after 48 h of exposure. The results demonstrated a significant reduction in the titer of JH III and a significant increase in the titer of 20E following treatment with PPF. However, there was no significant decrease observed in the titer of JH III skipped bisepoxide (JH SB3). A sublethal concentration of PPF was found to inhibit Krüppel homolog 1 (kr-h1) gene expression and reduce aphid reproduction, but it did not significantly impact ecdysone receptor expression and aphid molting. The results of this study demonstrate that PPF exhibits a lethal effect on aphids, thereby providing an effective means of control. Additionally, sublethal concentrations of PPF have been found to inhibit the JH in aphids, resulting in a decline in their reproductive ability and achieving the desired control objectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haolin Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongheng Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaxia Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiangan Hou
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Honghong Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiguang Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuesheng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agric-Environment and Agric-Products Safety, College of Agriculture, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, People's Republic of China
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Wang M, Yang N, Guo W, Yang Y, Bao B, Zhang X, Zhang D. RNAi-mediated glucose transporter 4 (Glut4) silencing inhibits ovarian development and enhances deltamethrin-treated energy depletion in Locusta migratoria. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 203:106014. [PMID: 39084805 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2024.106014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Energy metabolism is essential for insect development, reproduction and detoxification. Insects often reallocate energy and resources to manage external stress, balancing the demands of detoxification and reproduction. Glucose transport 4 (Glut4), a glucose transporter, is involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. However, the specific molecular mechanism of Glut4 in insect reproduction, and its role in the response to insecticide-induced oxidative stress remain unclear. In this study, LmGlut4 was identified and analyzed in Locusta migratoria. Silencing of LmGlut4 significantly reduced vitellogenin (Vg) biosynthesis in the fat body and Vg absorption by oocytes, ultimately hindering ovarian development and oocyte maturation. Knockdown of LmGlut4 also inhibited the biosynthesis of key insect hormones, such as juvenile hormone (JH), 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and insulin. Furthermore, LmGlut4 knockdown led to reduced triglyceride (TG) and glycogen content in the fat body and ovary, as well as decreased capacity for trehalose biosynthesis in adipocytes. Additionally, dsLmGlut4-treated locusts showed heightened sensitivity to deltamethrin, leading to increased triglyceride depletion during detoxification. This study sheds light on the biological function of LmGlut4 in the ovary and provides potential target genes for exploring biological pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ningxin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Wenhui Guo
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Yong Yang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Bowen Bao
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiaohong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
| | - Daochuan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China; Hebei Basic Science Center for Biotic Interaction, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China.
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30
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Ye YY, Liu ZH, Wang HL. Fat body-derived juvenile hormone acid methyltransferase functions to maintain iron homeostasis in Drosophila melanogaster. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23805. [PMID: 39003630 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202400119rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Revised: 06/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/15/2024]
Abstract
Iron homeostasis is of critical importance to living organisms. Drosophila melanogaster has emerged as an excellent model to study iron homeostasis, while the regulatory mechanism of iron metabolism remains poorly understood. Herein, we accidently found that knockdown of juvenile hormone (JH) acid methyltransferase (Jhamt) specifically in the fat body, a key rate-limiting enzyme for JH synthesis, led to iron accumulation locally, resulting in serious loss and dysfunction of fat body. Jhamt knockdown-induced phenotypes were mitigated by iron deprivation, antioxidant and Ferrostatin-1, a well-known inhibitor of ferroptosis, suggesting ferroptosis was involved in Jhamt knockdown-induced defects in the fat body. Further study demonstrated that upregulation of Tsf1 and Malvolio (Mvl, homolog of mammalian DMT1), two iron importers, accounted for Jhamt knockdown-induced iron accumulation and dysfunction of the fat body. Mechanistically, Kr-h1, a key transcription factor of JH, acts downstream of Jhamt inhibiting Tsf1 and Mvl transcriptionally. In summary, the findings indicated that fat body-derived Jhamt is required for the development of Drosophila by maintaining iron homeostasis in the fat body, providing unique insight into the regulatory mechanisms of iron metabolism in Drosophila.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Yan Ye
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hua Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Li Wang
- Engineering Research Center of Bio-Process, Ministry of Education, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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Box AM, Ramesh NA, Nandakumar S, Church SJ, Prasad D, Afrakhteh A, Taichman RS, Buttitta L. Cell cycle variants during Drosophila male accessory gland development. G3 (BETHESDA, MD.) 2024; 14:jkae089. [PMID: 38683731 PMCID: PMC11228851 DOI: 10.1093/g3journal/jkae089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The Drosophila melanogaster male accessory gland (AG) is a functional analog of the mammalian prostate and seminal vesicles containing two secretory epithelial cell types, termed main and secondary cells. This tissue is responsible for making and secreting seminal fluid proteins and other molecules that contribute to successful reproduction. The cells of this tissue are binucleate and polyploid, due to variant cell cycles that include endomitosis and endocycling during metamorphosis. Here, we provide evidence of additional cell cycle variants in this tissue. We show that main cells of the gland are connected by ring canals that form after the penultimate mitosis, and we describe an additional post-eclosion endocycle required for gland maturation that is dependent on juvenile hormone signaling. We present evidence that the main cells of the D. melanogaster AG undergo a unique cell cycle reprogramming throughout organ development that results in step-wise cell cycle truncations culminating in cells containing two octoploid nuclei with under-replicated heterochromatin in the mature gland. We propose this tissue as a model to study developmental and hormonal temporal control of cell cycle variants in terminally differentiating tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison M Box
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1105 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Navyashree A Ramesh
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1105 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Shyama Nandakumar
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1105 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Samuel Jaimian Church
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1105 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Dilan Prasad
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1105 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ariana Afrakhteh
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1105 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Russell S Taichman
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Laura Buttitta
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, 1105 N. University Ave. Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Kancharlapalli SJ, Brelsfoard CL. The impact of non-lethal doses of pyriproxyfen on male and female Aedes albopictus reproductive fitness. FRONTIERS IN INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 4:1430422. [PMID: 39015484 PMCID: PMC11250599 DOI: 10.3389/finsc.2024.1430422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Control of the mosquito Aedes albopictus is confounded by its behavior due to females preferring to oviposition in small natural and artificial containers that are often difficult to remove or treat with insecticides. Autodissemination strategies utilizing highly potent insect growth regulators (IGRs) have emerged as promising tools for the control of this container-inhabiting species. The intended goal of autodissemination approaches is to use mosquitoes to self-deliver an IGR to these cryptic oviposition locations. Previous studies have focused on the efficacy of these approaches to impact natural populations, but little focus has been placed on the impacts on mosquitoes when exposed to non-lethal doses of IGRs similar to the levels they would be exposed to with autodissemination approaches. Methods In this study, the impact of non-lethal doses of pyriproxyfen (PPF) on the reproductive fitness of Ae. albopictus was investigated. Female and male Ae. albopictus mosquitoes were exposed to non-lethal doses of PPF and their fecundity and fertility were measured. To examine the impact of non-lethal doses of PPF, the expression of the ecdysone-regulated genes USP, HR3, and Vg, which are involved in vitellogenesis, was determined. Results Our results demonstrated a significant reduction in female fecundity and in the blood feeding and egg hatching rates upon exposure to non-lethal doses of PPF. Oocyte development was also delayed in PPF-treated females. Furthermore, exposure to non-lethal doses of PPF altered the expression of the genes involved in vitellogenesis, indicating disruption of hormonal regulation. Interestingly, PPF exposure also reduced the sperm production in males, suggesting a potential semi-sterilization effect. Discussion These findings suggest that non-lethal doses of PPF could enhance the efficacy of autodissemination approaches by impacting the reproductive fitness of both males and females. However, further research is needed to validate these laboratory findings in field settings and to assess their practical implications for vector control strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Corey L. Brelsfoard
- Department of Biological Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, TX, United States
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33
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Li N, Dong R, Zeng H, Zhang Y, Huang R, Liu W, Cao F, Yu J, Liao M, Chen J, Zhang W, Huang Z, Wang J, Li L, Zhu S, Huang D, Li Z, Zhang X, Yuan D, Chen N, Fan Y, Wang G, Schal C, Pan Y, Li S. Two sex pheromone receptors for sexual communication in the American cockroach. SCIENCE CHINA. LIFE SCIENCES 2024; 67:1455-1467. [PMID: 38523236 DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2548-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Volatile sex pheromones are vital for sexual communication between males and females. Females of the American cockroach, Periplaneta americana, produce and emit two sex pheromone components, periplanone-A (PA) and periplanone-B (PB). Although PB is the major sex attractant and can attract males, how it interacts with PA in regulating sexual behaviors is still unknown. In this study, we found that in male cockroaches, PA counteracted PB attraction. We identified two odorant receptors (ORs), OR53 and OR100, as PB/PA and PA receptors, respectively. OR53 and OR100 were predominantly expressed in the antennae of sexually mature males, and their expression levels were regulated by the sex differentiation pathway and nutrition-responsive signals. Cellular localization of OR53 and OR100 in male antennae further revealed that two types of sensilla coordinate a complex two-pheromone-two-receptor pathway in regulating cockroach sexual behaviors. These findings indicate distinct functions of the two sex pheromone components, identify their receptors and possible regulatory mechanisms underlying the male-specific and age-dependent sexual behaviors, and can guide novel strategies for pest management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China.
| | - Renke Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China
| | - Huanchao Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Run Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Fengming Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jincong Yu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Mingtao Liao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jingyou Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Wenlei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zejian Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Jiahui Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Li Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shen Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China
| | - Danyan Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zining Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Xiaoshuai Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongwei Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Nan Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yongliang Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, and Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on the Loess Plateau of Ministry of Agriculture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, 712100, China
| | - Guirong Wang
- Lingnan Guangdong Laboratory of Modern Agriculture, Genome Analysis Laboratory of the Ministry of Agriculture, Agricultural Genomics Institute at Shenzhen, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenzhen, 518000, China
| | - Coby Schal
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, 27695, USA
| | - Yufeng Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, School of Life Science and Technology, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, China.
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514589, China.
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Leyria J, Fruttero LL, Canavoso LE. Lipids in Insect Reproduction: Where, How, and Why. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2024. [PMID: 38874891 DOI: 10.1007/5584_2024_809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Modern insects have inhabited the earth for hundreds of millions of years, and part of their successful adaptation lies in their many reproductive strategies. Insect reproduction is linked to a high metabolic rate that provides viable eggs in a relatively short time. In this context, an accurate interplay between the endocrine system and the nutrients synthetized and metabolized is essential to produce healthy offspring. Lipids guarantee the metabolic energy needed for egg formation and represent the main energy source consumed during embryogenesis. Lipids availability is tightly regulated by a complex network of endocrine signals primarily controlled by the central nervous system (CNS) and associated endocrine glands, the corpora allata (CA) and corpora cardiaca (CC). This endocrine axis provides hormones and neuropeptides that significatively affect tissues closely involved in successful reproduction: the fat body, which is the metabolic center supplying the lipid resources and energy demanded in egg formation, and the ovaries, where the developing oocytes recruit lipids that will be used for optimal embryogenesis. The post-genomic era and the availability of modern experimental approaches have advanced our understanding of many processes involved in lipid homeostasis; therefore, it is crucial to integrate the findings of recent years into the knowledge already acquired in the last decades. The present chapter is devoted to reviewing major recent contributions made in elucidating the impact of the CNS/CA/CC-fat body-ovary axis on lipid metabolism in the context of insect reproduction, highlighting areas of fruitful research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Leyria
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, CP 5000, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Leonardo L Fruttero
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, CP 5000, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina
| | - Lilián E Canavoso
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, CP 5000, Argentina.
- Centro de Investigaciones en Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología (CIBICI), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Córdoba, Argentina.
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Shen S, Zhang L, Zhang L. Population Density-Dependent Developmental Regulation in Migratory Locust. INSECTS 2024; 15:443. [PMID: 38921158 PMCID: PMC11203946 DOI: 10.3390/insects15060443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2024] [Revised: 06/05/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
Insect development is intricately governed by hormonal signaling pathways, yet the pivotal upstream regulator that potentiates hormone activation remains largely elusive. The migratory locust, Locusta migratoria, exhibits population density-dependent phenotypic plasticity, encompassing traits such as flight capability, body coloration, and behavior. In this study, we elucidated a negative correlation between population density and ontogenetic development during the nymphal stage of locusts. We found that the level of density influences the developmental trajectory by modulating transcript abundance within the ecdysone signaling pathway, with knockdown of the prothoracicotropic hormone (PTTH) resulting in developmental delay. Transcriptomic analysis of locust brains across solitary and gregarious phases revealed significant differential expression of genes involved in various pathways, including protein synthesis, energy metabolism, hormonal regulation, and immunity. Notably, knockdown experiments targeting two energy regulators, adipokinetic hormone (AKH) and insulin-like polypeptide 1 (ilp1), failed to elicit changes in the developmental process in solitary locusts. However, knockdown of immunoglobulin (IG) significantly shortened the developmental time in higher-density populations. Collectively, our findings underscore the regulatory role of population density in determining developmental duration and suggest that an immune-related gene contributes to the observed differences in developmental patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sifan Shen
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
| | - Long Zhang
- Institute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China;
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Jia Q, Yang L, Wen J, Liu S, Wen D, Luo W, Wang W, Palli SR, Sheng L. Cyp6g2 is the major P450 epoxidase responsible for juvenile hormone biosynthesis in Drosophila melanogaster. BMC Biol 2024; 22:111. [PMID: 38741075 PMCID: PMC11092216 DOI: 10.1186/s12915-024-01910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Juvenile hormones (JH) play crucial role in regulating development and reproduction in insects. The most common form of JH is JH III, derived from MF through epoxidation by CYP15 enzymes. However, in the higher dipterans, such as the fruitfly, Drosophila melanogaster, a bis-epoxide form of JHB3, accounted most of the JH detected. Moreover, these higher dipterans have lost the CYP15 gene from their genomes. As a result, the identity of the P450 epoxidase in the JH biosynthesis pathway in higher dipterans remains unknown. RESULTS In this study, we show that Cyp6g2 serves as the major JH epoxidase responsible for the biosynthesis of JHB3 and JH III in D. melanogaster. The Cyp6g2 is predominantly expressed in the corpus allatum (CA), concurring with the expression pattern of jhamt, another well-studied gene that is crucial in the last steps of JH biosynthesis. Mutation in Cyp6g2 leads to severe disruptions in larval-pupal metamorphosis and exhibits reproductive deficiencies, exceeding those seen in jhamt mutants. Notably, Cyp6g2-/-::jhamt2 double mutants all died at the pupal stage but could be rescued through the topical application of JH analogs. JH titer analyses revealed that both Cyp6g2-/- mutant and jhamt2 mutant lacking JHB3 and JH III, while overexpression of Cyp6g2 or jhamt caused a significant increase in JHB3 and JH III titer. CONCLUSIONS These findings collectively established that Cyp6g2 as the major JH epoxidase in the higher dipterans and laid the groundwork for the further understanding of JH biosynthesis. Moreover, these findings pave the way for developing specific Cyp6g2 inhibitors as insect growth regulators or insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiangqiang Jia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Suning Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
| | - Di Wen
- College of Biological Science and Agriculture, Qiannan Normal University for Nationalities, Duyuan, 558000, China
| | - Wei Luo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China
| | - Weihua Wang
- Center of Pharmaceutical Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Subba Reddy Palli
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, 40546, USA
| | - Li Sheng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, China.
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Li C, Nong W, Boncan DAT, So WL, Yip HY, Swale T, Jia Q, Vicentin IG, Chung G, Bendena WG, Ngo JCK, Chan TF, Lam HM, Hui JHL. Elucidating the ecophysiology of soybean pod-sucking stinkbug Riptortus pedestris (Hemiptera: Alydidae) based on de novo genome assembly and transcriptome analysis. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:327. [PMID: 38565997 PMCID: PMC10985886 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10232-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Food security is important for the ever-growing global population. Soybean, Glycine max (L.) Merr., is cultivated worldwide providing a key source of food, protein and oil. Hence, it is imperative to maintain or to increase its yield under different conditions including challenges caused by abiotic and biotic stresses. In recent years, the soybean pod-sucking stinkbug Riptortus pedestris has emerged as an important agricultural insect pest in East, South and Southeast Asia. Here, we present a genomics resource for R. pedestris including its genome assembly, messenger RNA (mRNA) and microRNA (miRNA) transcriptomes at different developmental stages and from different organs. As insect hormone biosynthesis genes (genes involved in metamorphosis) and their regulators such as miRNAs are potential targets for pest control, we analyzed the sesquiterpenoid (juvenile) and ecdysteroid (molting) hormone biosynthesis pathway genes including their miRNAs and relevant neuropeptides. Temporal gene expression changes of these insect hormone biosynthesis pathways were observed at different developmental stages. Similarly, a diet-specific response in gene expression was also observed in both head and salivary glands. Furthermore, we observed that microRNAs (bantam, miR-14, miR-316, and miR-263) of R. pedestris fed with different types of soybeans were differentially expressed in the salivary glands indicating a diet-specific response. Interestingly, the opposite arms of miR-281 (-5p and -3p), a miRNA involved in regulating development, were predicted to target Hmgs genes of R. pedestris and soybean, respectively. These observations among others highlight stinkbug's responses as a function of its interaction with soybean. In brief, the results of this study not only present salient findings that could be of potential use in pest management and mitigation but also provide an invaluable resource for R. pedestris as an insect model to facilitate studies on plant-pest interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chade Li
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shat-in, HKSAR, China
| | - Wenyan Nong
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shat-in, HKSAR, China
| | - Delbert Almerick T Boncan
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China
| | - Wai Lok So
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shat-in, HKSAR, China
| | - Ho Yin Yip
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shat-in, HKSAR, China
| | | | - Qi Jia
- Key Laboratory for Genetics Breeding and Multiple Utilization of Crops, Ministry of Education/College of Crop Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, PR China
| | - Ignacio G Vicentin
- Instituto Nacional de Tecnologia Agropecuaria, Avenida Rivadavia, Ciudad de Buenos, 1439, Argentina
| | - Gyuhwa Chung
- Department of Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yeosu, 59626, Korea
| | - William G Bendena
- Department of Biology, Queen's University, 116 Barrie St, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Jacky C K Ngo
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China.
| | - Ting Fung Chan
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China.
- Institute of Environment, Institute of Energy and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China.
| | - Hon-Ming Lam
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China.
- Institute of Environment, Institute of Energy and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China.
| | - Jerome H L Hui
- Center for Soybean Research of the State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China.
- Simon F.S. Li Marine Science Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shat-in, HKSAR, China.
- Institute of Environment, Institute of Energy and Sustainability, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, HKSAR, China.
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Cao Z, Bakumenko O, Vlasenko V, Li W, Cao J. Molecular characterization and functional analysis of the ecdysone receptor isoform (EcR) from the oriental fruit moth Grapholita molesta (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 115:e22110. [PMID: 38605666 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
20-Hydroxyecdysone (20E) plays a vital role in a series of biological processes, via the nuclear receptors, EcR/USP by activating the ecdysone regulatory cascade. To clarify the role of EcR during the development of Grapholita molesta, the complementary DNA of ecdysone receptor isoform B1 (GmEcR-B1) was obtained from the transcriptome of G. molesta and verified by PCR. Alignment analysis revealed that the deduced protein sequence of GmEcR-B1 was highly homologous to EcR proteins identified in other lepidopteran species, especially the EcR-B1 isoform in Spodoptera litura. Quantitative real-time PCR showed that GmEcRs was expressed at all test developmental stages, and the expression level of GmEcRs was relatively higher during the period of the 3rd day of fifth instar larvae to 2nd of pupa than those in other stages. Moreover, the messenger RNA of GmEcRs was much more strongly expressed in the Malpighian tubule and epidermis than those in other tissues, which suggests that this gene may function in a tissue-specific manner during larval development. Silencing of GmEcRs could significantly downregulate the transcriptional level of ecdysone-inducible genes and result in increased mortality during metamorphosis and prolonged prepupal duration. Taken together, the present results indicate that GmEcRs may directly or indirectly affect the development of G. molesta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhishan Cao
- Department of Plant Protection, International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
- Department of Plant Protection, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Olha Bakumenko
- Department of Plant Protection, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Vlasenko
- Department of Plant Protection, Sumy National Agrarian University, Sumy, Ukraine
| | - Weihai Li
- Department of Plant Protection, International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
| | - Jinjun Cao
- Department of Plant Protection, International Joint Laboratory of Taxonomy and Systematic Evolution of Insecta, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan, China
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Xu X, Li T, Zhang L, Liu X. Effect of silencing the E74B gene on the development and metamorphosis of Helicoverpa armigera. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2024; 80:1435-1445. [PMID: 37939129 DOI: 10.1002/ps.7874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The growth and development transition of insects are mainly mediated by ecdysone. As one of the ecdysone-induced transcription factors, E74 is involved in many physiological processes of insect growth and development. However, E74 and its function in Helicoverpa armigera remains unclear. RESULTS In this study, E74B, a subtype of the E74, was identified for the first time in H. armigera. Bioinformatics analysis showed that H. armigera E74B shared the highest homology with E74B in Bombyx mori, which belongs to the E26 transformation-specific (ETS) superfamily. The expression profile showed that the transcription level of HaE74B increased in the late stages of fourth to sixth instars compared with the early stages; it was also high in the pupa and midgut. Moreover, we investigated the function of HaE74B through RNA interference and 20E rescue experiments. The results showed silencing of E74B affected the molting and growth of larvae, resulting in the death of more than 60% of larvae. In addition, it also seriously affected the metamorphosis of H. armigera, which reduced the pupae rate, the eclosion rate of the pupae, and fecundity. Application of 20E partially restored the defects in the molting, development and pupae rate of H. armigera. CONCLUSION Taken together, these results demonstrated that HaE74B plays a critical role in the growth, development, and metamorphosis of H. armigera, which serves as a molecular target and sets out a theoretical foundation for RNAi-mediated control of this key pest. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhui Xu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Tingting Li
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Lianjun Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Genetic Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, China
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40
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Barton LJ, Sanny J, Packard Dawson E, Nouzova M, Noriega FG, Stadtfeld M, Lehmann R. Juvenile hormones direct primordial germ cell migration to the embryonic gonad. Curr Biol 2024; 34:505-518.e6. [PMID: 38215744 PMCID: PMC10872347 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.12.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
Germ cells are essential to sexual reproduction. Across the animal kingdom, extracellular signaling isoprenoids, such as retinoic acids (RAs) in vertebrates and juvenile hormones (JHs) in invertebrates, facilitate multiple processes in reproduction. Here we investigated the role of these potent signaling molecules in embryonic germ cell development, using JHs in Drosophila melanogaster as a model system. In contrast to their established endocrine roles during larval and adult germline development, we found that JH signaling acts locally during embryonic development. Using an in vivo biosensor, we observed active JH signaling first within and near primordial germ cells (PGCs) as they migrate to the developing gonad. Through in vivo and in vitro assays, we determined that JHs are both necessary and sufficient for PGC migration. Analysis into the mechanisms of this newly uncovered paracrine JH function revealed that PGC migration was compromised when JHs were decreased or increased, suggesting that specific titers or spatiotemporal JH dynamics are required for robust PGC colonization of the gonad. Compromised PGC migration can impair fertility and cause germ cell tumors in many species, including humans. In mammals, retinoids have many roles in development and reproduction. We found that like JHs in Drosophila, RA was sufficient to impact mouse PGC migration in vitro. Together, our study reveals a previously unanticipated role of isoprenoids as local effectors of pre-gonadal PGC development and suggests a broadly shared mechanism in PGC migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lacy J Barton
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Developmental and Regenerative Biology, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249, USA.
| | - Justina Sanny
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Emily Packard Dawson
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Marcela Nouzova
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8(th) Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, 37005 Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando Gabriel Noriega
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8(th) Street, Miami, FL 33199, USA; Department of Parasitology, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Matthias Stadtfeld
- Sanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, 413 E 69th Street, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ruth Lehmann
- Department of Cell Biology, Skirball Institute of Biomolecular Medicine, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, 540 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA; Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 455 Main Street, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
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41
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Long S, Cao W, Qiu Y, Deng R, Liu J, Zhang L, Dong R, Liu F, Li S, Zhao H, Li N, Li K. The appearance of cytoplasmic cytochrome C precedes apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation. INSECT SCIENCE 2024; 31:157-172. [PMID: 37370257 DOI: 10.1111/1744-7917.13240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is an important process for organism development that functions to eliminate cell damage, maintain homeostasis, and remove obsolete tissues during morphogenesis. In mammals, apoptosis is accompanied by the release of cytochrome C (Cyt-c) from mitochondria to the cytoplasm. However, whether this process is conserved in the fruit fly, Drosophila melanogaster, remains controversial. In this study, we discovered that during the degradation of Drosophila salivary gland, the transcription of mitochondria apoptosis factors (MAPFs), Cyt-c, and death-associated APAF1-related killer (Dark) encoding genes are all upregulated antecedent to initiator and effector caspases encoding genes. The proteins Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 appear gradually in the cytoplasm during salivary gland degradation. Meanwhile, the Cyt-c protein colocates with mito-GFP, the marker indicating cytoplasmic mitochondria, and the change in mitochondrial membrane potential coincides with the appearance of Cyt-c in the cytoplasm. Moreover, impeding or promoting 20E-induced transcription factor E93 suppresses or enhances the staining of Cyt-c and the active caspase 3 in the cytoplasm of salivary gland, and accordingly decreases or increases the mitochondrial membrane potential, respectively. Our research provides evidence that cytoplasmic Cyt-c appears before apoptosis during Drosophila salivary gland degradation, shedding light on partial conserved mechanism in apoptosis between insects and mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihui Long
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenxin Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yongyu Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ruohan Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lidan Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Renke Dong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengxin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Haigang Zhao
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
- ChemPartner PharmaTech Co., Ltd, Jiangmen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Na Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Kang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Institute of Insect Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, Guangdong Province, China
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Qi Z, Etebari K, Nouzova M, Noriega FG, Asgari S. Differential gene expression and microRNA profile in corpora allata-corpora cardiaca of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes with weak juvenile hormone signalling. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:113. [PMID: 38273232 PMCID: PMC10811912 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10007-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The corpora allata-corpora cardiaca (CA-CC) is an endocrine gland complex that regulates mosquito development and reproduction through the synthesis of juvenile hormone (JH). Epoxidase (Epox) is a key enzyme in the production of JH. We recently utilized CRISPR/Cas9 to establish an epoxidase-deficient (epox-/-) Aedes aegypti line. The CA from epox-/- mutants do not synthesize epoxidated JH III but methyl farneosate (MF), a weak agonist of the JH receptor, and therefore have reduced JH signalling. Illumina sequencing was used to examine the differences in gene expression between the CA-CC from wild type (WT) and epox-/- adult female mosquitoes. From 18,034 identified genes, 317 were significantly differentially expressed. These genes are involved in many biological processes, including the regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, energy metabolism, and nutritional uptake. In addition, the same CA-CC samples were also used to examine the microRNA (miRNA) profiles of epox-/- and WT mosquitoes. A total of 197 miRNAs were detected, 24 of which were differentially regulated in epox-/- mutants. miRNA binding sites for these particular miRNAs were identified using an in silico approach; they target a total of 101 differentially expressed genes. Our results suggest that a lack of epoxidase, besides affecting JH synthesis, results in the diminishing of JH signalling that have significant effects on Ae. aegypti CA-CC transcriptome profiles, as well as its miRNA repertoire.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Qi
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Kayvan Etebari
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Marcela Nouzova
- Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre CAS, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando G Noriega
- Department of Biological Sciences and Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
- Department of Parasitology, University of South Bohemia, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Sassan Asgari
- Australian Infectious Disease Research Centre, School of Biological Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.
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Yuan H, Cai P, Zhang W, Jin S, Jiang S, Xiong Y, Gong Y, Qiao H, Fu H. Identification of genes regulated by 20-Hydroxyecdysone in Macrobrachium nipponense using comparative transcriptomic analysis. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:35. [PMID: 38183039 PMCID: PMC10768235 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09927-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrobrachium nipponense is a freshwater prawn of economic importance in China. Its reproductive molt is crucial for seedling rearing and directly impacts the industry's economic efficiency. 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) controls various physiological behaviors in crustaceans, among which is the initiation of molt. Previous studies have shown that 20E plays a vital role in regulating molt and oviposition in M. nipponense. However, research on the molecular mechanisms underlying the reproductive molt and role of 20E in M. nipponense is still limited. RESULTS A total of 240.24 Gb of data was obtained from 18 tissue samples by transcriptome sequencing, with > 6 Gb of clean reads per sample. The efficiency of comparison with the reference transcriptome ranged from 87.05 to 92.48%. A total of 2532 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. Eighty-seven DEGs associated with molt or 20E were screened in the transcriptomes of the different tissues sampled in both the experimental and control groups. The reliability of the RNA sequencing data was confirmed using Quantitative Real-Time PCR. The expression levels of the eight strong candidate genes showed significant variation at the different stages of molt. CONCLUSION This study established the first transcriptome library for the different tissues of M. nipponense in response to 20E and demonstrated the dominant role of 20E in the molting process of this species. The discovery of a large number of 20E-regulated strong candidate DEGs further confirms the extensive regulatory role of 20E and provides a foundation for the deeper understanding of its molecular regulatory mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huwei Yuan
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Pengfei Cai
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Shubo Jin
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Sufei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yiwei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Yongsheng Gong
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China
| | - Hui Qiao
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
| | - Hongtuo Fu
- Wuxi Fisheries College, Nanjing Agricultural University, Wuxi, 214081, China.
- Key Laboratory of Freshwater Fisheries and Germplasm Resources Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Freshwater Fisheries Research Center, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuxi, 214081, China.
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Tang Y, Wu S, He H, Gao Q, Ding W, Xue J, Qiu L, Li Y. The CsmiR1579-CsKr-h1 module mediates rice stem borer development and reproduction: An effective target for transgenic insect-resistant rice. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 254:127752. [PMID: 38287594 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
The rice stem borer (RSB, Chilo suppressalis) is a significant agricultural pest that mainly depends on chemical control. However, it has grown to varied degrees of pesticide resistance, which poses a severe threat to rice production and emphasizes the need for safer, more efficient alternative pest management strategies. Here, in vitro and in vivo experiments analyses reveal miR-1579 binds to the critical transcription factor Krüppel homologue 1 (Kr-h1) and negatively regulates its expression. Overexpression of miR-1579 in larvae with significantly lower levels of Kr-h1 was associated with a decline in larval growth and survival. Furthermore, in female pupae, miR-1579 overexpression led to abnormalities in ovarian development, suggesting that targeting miR-1579 could be a potential management strategy against C. suppressalis. Therefore, we generated transgenic rice expressing miR-1579 and screened three lines that had a single copy of highly abundant mature miR-1579 transcripts. Expectedly, fed with transgenic miR-1579 rice lines were significantly lower survival rates in larvae and high levels of resistance to damage caused by C. suppressalis infestation. These findings suggest that miRNA-mediated RNAi could provide an effective and species-specific strategy for C. suppressalis control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Tang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Shuang Wu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Hualiang He
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Qiao Gao
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Wenbing Ding
- National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; Hunan Provincial Engineering & Technology Research Center for Biopesticide and Formulation Processing, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jin Xue
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Lin Qiu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
| | - Youzhi Li
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory for Biology and Control of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, College of Plant Protection, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China; National Research Center of Engineering & Technology for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
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Choi DY, Mo HH, Park Y. Different development and fecundity between Spodoptera frugiperda USA and China populations, influenced by ecdysone-related genes. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 115:e22074. [PMID: 38288488 DOI: 10.1002/arch.22074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda, is one of the most harmful plant pests in the world and is globally distributed from the American continent to the Asian region. The FAW USA population (Sf-USA) and China population (Sf-CHN), which belong to corn strain, showed different developmental periods and fecundity rates in lab conditions. Sf-USA had faster development and higher fecundity compared with Sf-CHN. To examine these differences, transcriptomic data from two FAW populations were analyzed and compared. Twelve gigabytes of transcripts were read from each sample and 21,258 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected. DEGs with log2 fold change ≥ 2 were identified and compared in two populations. In comparison to the Sf-CHN, we discovered that 3471 and 3851 individual DEGs upregulated and downregulated, respectively. Comparing transcriptome profiles for differential gene expression revealed several DEGs, including 39 of ecdysone (E)-, 25 of juvenile hormone-, and 15 of insulin-related genes. We selected six of E-related genes, such as Neverland, Shade, Ecdysone receptor, Ecdysone-inducible protein 74 (E74), E75, and E78 from DEGs. Gene expressions were suppressed by RNA interference to confirm the physiological functions of the selected genes from Sf-USA. The Sf-USA showed developmental retardation and a decrease in fecundity rate by suppression of E-related genes. These findings show that biological characteristics between Sf-USA and Sf-CHN are influenced by E-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Du-Yeol Choi
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Korea
| | - Hyoung-Ho Mo
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, Korea
| | - Youngjin Park
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Korea
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Zhao Z, Li L, Zeng R, Lin L, Yuan D, Wen Y, Li N, Cui Y, Zhu S, Zhang ZM, Li S, Ren C. 5mC modification orchestrates choriogenesis and fertilization by preventing prolonged ftz-f1 expression. Nat Commun 2023; 14:8234. [PMID: 38086980 PMCID: PMC10716119 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43987-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation at the fifth position of cytosine (5-methylcytosine, 5mC) is a crucial epigenetic modification for regulating gene expression, but little is known about how it regulates gene expression in insects. Here, we pursue the detailed molecular mechanism by which DNMT1-mediated 5mC maintenance regulates female reproduction in the German cockroach, Blattella germanica. Our results show that Dnmt1 knockdown decreases the level of 5mC in the ovary, upregulating numerous genes during choriogenesis, especially the transcription factor ftz-f1. The hypomethylation at the ftz-f1 promoter region increases and prolongs ftz-f1 expression in ovarian follicle cells during choriogenesis, which consequently causes aberrantly high levels of 20-hydroxyecdysone and excessively upregulates the extracellular matrix remodeling gene Mmp1. These changes further impair choriogenesis and disrupt fertilization by causing anoikis of the follicle cells, a shortage of chorion proteins, and malformation of the sponge-like bodies. This study significantly advances our understanding of how DNA 5mC modification regulates female reproduction in insects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514779, China
| | - Liang Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Ruichen Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Liangguan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Dongwei Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Yejie Wen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Na Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514779, China
| | - Yingying Cui
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Shiming Zhu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China
| | - Zhi-Min Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, 510632, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514779, China.
| | - Chonghua Ren
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Insect Development Regulation and Application Research, Institute of Insect Science and Technology & School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510631, China.
- Guangmeiyuan R&D Center, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Insect Developmental Biology and Applied Technology, South China Normal University, Meizhou, 514779, China.
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Long GY, Gong MF, Yang H, Yang XB, Zhou C, Jin DC. Buprofezin affects the molting process by regulating nuclear receptors SfHR3 and SfHR4 in Sogatella furcifera. PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2023; 197:105695. [PMID: 38072550 DOI: 10.1016/j.pestbp.2023.105695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023]
Abstract
Nuclear receptors play a crucial role in various signaling and metabolic pathways, such as insect molting and development. Buprofezin (2-tert-butylimino-3-isopropyl-5-phenyl-perhydro-1, 3, 5-thiadiazin-4-one), a chitin synthesis inhibitor, causes molting deformities and slow death in insects by inhibiting chitin synthesis and interfering with their metabolism. This study investigated whether buprofezin affects insect ecdysteroid signaling pathway. The treatment of buprofezin significantly suppressed the transcription levels of SfHR3 and SfHR4, two nuclear receptor genes, in third-instar nymphs of Sogatella furcifera. Meanwhile, the transcription levels of SfHR3 and SfHR4 in first-day fifth-instar nymphs were induced at 12 h after 20E treatment. In addition, the silencing of SfHR3 and SfHR4 genes in first-day fifth-instar nymphs caused severe developmental delay and molting failure, resulting in a significant reduction of survival rates at 7.36% and 2.99% on the eighth day, respectively. Further analysis showed that the silencing SfHR3 and SfHR4 significantly inhibited the transcription levels of chitin synthesis and degradation-related genes. These results indicate that buprofezin can inhibits chitin synthesis and degradation by suppressing the signal transduction of 20E through SfHR3 and SfHR4, leading to molting failure and death. This study not only expands our understanding of the molecular mechanism of buprofezin in pest control but also lays a foundation for developing new control strategies of RNAi by targeting SfHR3 and SfHR4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yun Long
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Key Laboratory of Guizhou Ethnic Medicine Resource Development and Utilization in Guizhou Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming-Fu Gong
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
| | - Hong Yang
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
| | - Xi-Bin Yang
- Plant Protection and Quarantine Station, Department of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, China
| | - Cao Zhou
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Vector Insects, Institute of Entomology and Molecular Biology, Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Dao-Chao Jin
- Institute of Entomology, Guizhou University, Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Agricultural Pest Management of Mountainous Regions, Guiyang, China
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Zhang JJ, Xi GS. Estrogen-related receptor functions via the 20-hydroxyecdysone and IIS/TOR signaling pathways to regulate the development and morphology changes of ant Polyrhachis vicina Roger (Hymenoptera, Formicidae). Gen Comp Endocrinol 2023; 344:114373. [PMID: 37657761 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygcen.2023.114373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 08/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
Estrogen-related receptor (ERR) is a key regulator of insect growth, development, and metabolic processes in insects; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying its effects are not fully understood. We investigated roles of 20-hydroxyecdysone (20E) and insulin/insulin-like signaling/target of rapamycin (IIS/TOR) signaling pathways in the effects of PvERR on larval development, metamorphosis, and adult growth in ant Polyrhachis vicina Roger. PvFOXO expression levels depended on caste and developmental stage. PvERR RNAi significantly reduced the expression levels of IIS/TOR signaling pathway genes and 20E signaling pathway genes in fourth-instar larvae, pupae, females, and workers and significantly increased the expression levels of IIS/TOR signaling pathway genes PvFOXO and PvAkt in males. PvFOXO RNAi resulted in developmental defects and increased mortality. After PvFOXO RNAi, the expression of PvERR, 20E signaling pathway genes, and IIS/TOR signaling pathway genes decreased significantly in pupae, females, and workers and increased significantly in fourth-instar larvae. Exogenous 20E attenuated expression changes induced by PvFOXO RNAi in a sex- and stage-specific manner. These results indicate that ERR interacts with 20E and IIS/TOR signaling pathways to regulate caste determination, metamorphosis, and male fertility in P. vicina and that correlations between PvERR and PvFOXO are caste- and stage-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Zhang
- Department of Physical Education, Xi'an International Studies University, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710128, PR China; Institute of Zoology, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710119, PR China.
| | - Geng-Si Xi
- Institute of Zoology, College of Life Science, Shaanxi Normal University, Shaanxi Province, Xi'an 710119, PR China
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Gong ZX, Cheng FP, Xu JN, Yan WY, Wang ZL. The Juvenile-Hormone-Responsive Factor AmKr-h1 Regulates Caste Differentiation in Honey Bees. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1657. [PMID: 38002339 PMCID: PMC10669509 DOI: 10.3390/biom13111657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Honey bees are typical model organisms for the study of caste differentiation, and the juvenile hormone (JH) is a crucial link in the regulatory network of caste differentiation in honey bees. To investigate the mechanism of JH-mediated caste differentiation, we analyzed the effect of the JH response gene AmKr-h1 on this process. We observed that AmKr-h1 expression levels were significantly higher in queen larvae than in worker larvae at the 48 h, 84 h, and 120 h larval stages, and were regulated by JH. Inhibiting AmKr-h1 expression in honey bee larvae using RNAi could lead to the development of larvae toward workers. We also analyzed the transcriptome changes in honey bee larvae after AmKr-h1 RNAi and identified 191 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 682 differentially expressed alternative splicing events (DEASEs); of these, many were related to honey bee caste differentiation. Our results indicate that AmKr-h1 regulates caste differentiation in honey bees by acting as a JH-responsive gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Xian Gong
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Z.-X.G.); (F.-P.C.); (J.-N.X.); (W.-Y.Y.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Fu-Ping Cheng
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Z.-X.G.); (F.-P.C.); (J.-N.X.); (W.-Y.Y.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Jia-Ning Xu
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Z.-X.G.); (F.-P.C.); (J.-N.X.); (W.-Y.Y.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Wei-Yu Yan
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Z.-X.G.); (F.-P.C.); (J.-N.X.); (W.-Y.Y.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Zi-Long Wang
- Honeybee Research Institute, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (Z.-X.G.); (F.-P.C.); (J.-N.X.); (W.-Y.Y.)
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Honeybee Biology and Beekeeping, Nanchang 330045, China
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50
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Lin L, Li H, Zheng Q, Hu J, Wu W. Research Progress on the Regulation of Autophagy and Apoptosis in Insects by Sterol Hormone 20-Hydroxyecdysone. INSECTS 2023; 14:871. [PMID: 37999070 PMCID: PMC10672190 DOI: 10.3390/insects14110871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
20E (20-Hydroxyecdysone) is a central steroid hormone that orchestrates developmental changes and metamorphosis in arthropods. While its molecular mechanisms have been recognized for some time, detailed elucidation has primarily emerged in the past decade. PCD (Programmed cell death), including apoptosis, necrosis, efferocytosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and autophagy, plays a crucial role in regulated cell elimination, which is vital for cells' development and tissue homeostasis. This review summarizes recent findings on 20E signaling regulated autophagy and apoptosis in insects, including Drosophila melanogaster, Bombyx mori, Helicoverpa armigera, and other species. Firstly, we comprehensively explore the biosynthesis of the sterol hormone 20E and its subsequent signal transduction in various species. Then, we focus on the involvement of 20E in regulating autophagy and apoptosis, elucidating its roles in both developmental contexts and bacterial infection scenarios. Furthermore, our discussion unfolds as a panoramic exposition, where we delve into the fundamental questions with our findings, anchoring them within the grander scheme of our study in insects. Deepening the understanding of 20E-autophagy/apoptosis axis not only underscores the intricate tapestry of endocrine networks, but also offers fresh perspectives on the adaptive mechanisms that have evolved in the face of environmental challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luobin Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (L.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Huaqin Li
- School of Health Sciences, Guangzhou Xinhua University, 19 Huamei Road, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510520, China;
| | - Qinzhou Zheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (L.L.); (Q.Z.)
| | - Jiaxuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Functional Genes, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China;
| | - Wenmei Wu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Biotechnology Drug Candidates, School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceuticals, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou 510006, China; (L.L.); (Q.Z.)
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