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Palecki J, Bhasin A, Bernstein A, Mille PJ, Tester WJ, Kelly WK, Zarrabi KK. T-Cell redirecting bispecific antibodies: a review of a novel class of immuno-oncology for advanced prostate cancer. Cancer Biol Ther 2024; 25:2356820. [PMID: 38801069 PMCID: PMC11135853 DOI: 10.1080/15384047.2024.2356820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Novel T-cell immunotherapies such as bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) are emerging as promising therapeutic strategies for prostate cancer. BiTEs are engineered bispecific antibodies containing two distinct binding domains that allow for concurrent binding to tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) as well as immune effector cells, thus promoting an immune response against cancer cells. Prostate cancer is rich in tumor associated antigens such as, but not limited to, PSMA, PSCA, hK2, and STEAP1 and there is strong biologic rationale for employment of T-cell redirecting BiTEs within the prostate cancer disease space. Early generation BiTE constructs employed in clinical study have demonstrated meaningful antitumor activity, but challenges related to drug delivery, immunogenicity, and treatment-associated adverse effects limited their success. The ongoing development of novel BiTE constructs continues to address these barriers and to yield promising results in terms of efficacy and safety. This review will highlight some of most recent developments of BiTE therapies for patients with advanced prostate cancer and the evolving data surrounding BiTE constructs undergoing clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Palecki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Amman Bhasin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Andrew Bernstein
- Department of Internal Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Patrick J. Mille
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - William J. Tester
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Wm. Kevin Kelly
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kevin K. Zarrabi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, PA, USA
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Nayerpour Dizaj T, Doustmihan A, Sadeghzadeh Oskouei B, Akbari M, Jaymand M, Mazloomi M, Jahanban-Esfahlan R. Significance of PSCA as a novel prognostic marker and therapeutic target for cancer. Cancer Cell Int 2024; 24:135. [PMID: 38627732 PMCID: PMC11020972 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-024-03320-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
One of the contributing factors in the diagnosis and treatment of most cancers is the identification of their surface antigens. Cancer tissues or cells have their specific antigens. Some antigens that are present in many cancers elicit different functions. One of these antigens is the prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) antigen, which was first identified in the prostate. PSCA is a cell surface protein that has different functions in different tissues. It can play an inhibitory role in cell proliferation as well as a tumor-inducing role. PSCA has several genetic variants involved in cancer susceptibility in some tissues, so identifying the characteristics of this antigen and its relationship with clinical features can provide more information on diagnosis and treatment of patients with cancers. Most studies on the PSCA have focused on prostate cancer. While it is also expressed in other cancers, little attention has been paid to its role as a valuable diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic tool in other cancers. PSCA has several genetic variants that seem to play a significant role in cancer susceptibility in some tissues, so identifying the characteristics of this antigen and its relationship and variants with clinical features can be beneficial in concomitant cancer therapy and diagnosis, as theranostic tools. In this study, we will review the alteration of the PSCA expression and its polymorphisms and evaluate its clinical and theranostics significance in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Nayerpour Dizaj
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Doustmihan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behnaz Sadeghzadeh Oskouei
- Department of Reproductive Biology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Morteza Akbari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mehdi Jaymand
- Nano Drug Delivery Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - MirAhmad Mazloomi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Rana Jahanban-Esfahlan
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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Foos G, Blazeska N, Nielsen M, Carter H, Kosaloglu-Yalcin Z, Peters B, Sette A. A meta-analysis of epitopes in prostate-specific antigens identifies opportunities and knowledge gaps. Hum Immunol 2023; 84:578-589. [PMID: 37679223 PMCID: PMC11017785 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.08.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Cancer Epitope Database and Analysis Resource (CEDAR) is a newly developed repository of cancer epitope data from peer-reviewed publications, which includes epitope-specific T cell, antibody, and MHC ligand assays. Here we focus on prostate cancer as our first cancer category to demonstrate the capabilities of CEDAR, and to shed light on the advances of epitope-related prostate cancer research. RESULTS The meta-analysis focused on a subset of data describing epitopes from 8 prostate-specific (PS) antigens. A total of 460 epitopes were associated with these proteins, 187 T cell, 109B cell, and 271 MHC ligand epitopes. The number of epitopes was not correlated with the length of the protein; however, we found a significant positive correlation between the number of references per specific PS antigen and the number of reported epitopes. Forty-four different class I and 27 class II restrictions were found, with the most epitopes described for HLA-A*02:01 and HLA-DRB1*01:01. Cytokine assays were mostly limited to IFNg assays and a very limited number of tetramer assays were performed. Monoclonal and polyclonal B cell responses were balanced, with the highest number of epitopes studied in ELISA/Western blot assays. Additionally, epitopes were generically described as associated with prostate cancer, with little granularity specifying diseases state. We found that in vivo and tumor recognition assays were sparse, and the number of epitopes with annotated B/T cell receptor information were limited. Potential immunodominant regions were identified by the use of the ImmunomeBrowser tool. CONCLUSION CEDAR provides a comprehensive repository of epitopes related to prostate-specific antigens. This inventory of epitope data with its wealth of searchable T cell, B cell and MHC ligand information provides a useful tool for the scientific community. At the same time, we identify significant knowledge gaps that could be addressed by experimental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Foos
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Nina Blazeska
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Morten Nielsen
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas, Universidad Nacional de San Martín, CP 1650 San Martín, Argentina; Department of Health Technology, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hannah Carter
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Zeynep Kosaloglu-Yalcin
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Bjoern Peters
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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Bychkov ML, Isaev AB, Andreev-Andrievskiy AA, Petrov K, Paramonov AS, Kirpichnikov MP, Lyukmanova EN. Aβ1-42 Accumulation Accompanies Changed Expression of Ly6/uPAR Proteins, Dysregulation of the Cholinergic System, and Degeneration of Astrocytes in the Cerebellum of Mouse Model of Early Alzheimer Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14852. [PMID: 37834299 PMCID: PMC10573428 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative disease characterized by the accumulation of oligomeric toxic forms of β-amyloid (Aβ1-42) and dysfunction of the cholinergic system in the different brain regions. However, the exact mechanisms of AD pathogenesis and the role of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) in the disease progression remain unclear. Here, we revealed a decreased expression of a number of the Ly6/uPAR proteins targeting nAChRs in the cerebellum of 2xTg-AD mice (model of early AD) in comparison with non-transgenic mice both at mRNA and protein levels. We showed that co-localization of one of them, - neuromodulator Lynx1, with α7-nAChR was diminished in the vicinity of cerebellar astrocytes of 2xTg-AD mice, while Aβ1-42 co-localization with this receptor present was increased. Moreover, the expression of anti-inflammatory transcription factor KLF4 regulating transcription of the Ly6/uPAR genes was decreased in the cerebellum of 2xTg-AD mice, while expression of inflammatory cytokine TNF-α was increased. Based on these data together with observed astrocyte degeneration in the cerebellum of 2xTg-AD mice, we suggest the mechanism by which expression of the Ly6/uPAR proteins upon Aβ pathology results in dysregulation of the cholinergic system and particularly of α7-nAChR function in the cerebellum. This leads to enhanced neuroinflammation and cerebellar astrocyte degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxim L. Bychkov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
| | - Aizek B. Isaev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Alexander A. Andreev-Andrievskiy
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
- Institute for Biomedical Problems of Russian Academy of Sciences, 123007 Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin Petrov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, Federal Research Center “Kazan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences”, Arbuzov Str., 8, 420088 Kazan, Russia;
| | - Alexander S. Paramonov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
| | - Mikhail P. Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ekaterina N. Lyukmanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia; (M.L.B.); (A.B.I.); (A.S.P.); (M.P.K.)
- Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, State University, 141701 Dolgoprudny, Russia
- Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School of Moscow University «Molecular Technologies of the Living Systems and Synthetic Biology», Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia;
- Biological Department, Shenzhen MSU-BIT University, Shenzhen 518172, China
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5
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Yu W, Wang C, Shang Z, Tian J. Unveiling novel insights in prostate cancer through single-cell RNA sequencing. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1224913. [PMID: 37746302 PMCID: PMC10514910 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1224913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) is a cutting-edge technology that provides insights at the individual cell level. In contrast to traditional bulk RNA-seq, which captures gene expression at an average level and may overlook important details, scRNA-seq examines each individual cell as a fundamental unit and is particularly well-suited for identifying rare cell populations. Analogous to a microscope that distinguishes various cell types within a tissue sample, scRNA-seq unravels the heterogeneity and diversity within a single cell species, offering great potential as a leading sequencing method in the future. In the context of prostate cancer (PCa), a disease characterized by significant heterogeneity and multiple stages of progression, scRNA-seq emerges as a powerful tool for uncovering its intricate secrets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhiqun Shang
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jing Tian
- Tianjin Institute of Urology, Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
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Moya L, Walpole C, Rae F, Srinivasan S, Seim I, Lai J, Nicol D, Williams ED, Clements JA, Batra J. Characterisation of cell lines derived from prostate cancer patients with localised disease. Prostate Cancer Prostatic Dis 2023; 26:614-624. [PMID: 37264224 PMCID: PMC10449630 DOI: 10.1038/s41391-023-00679-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is a broad-spectrum disease, spanning from indolent to a highly aggressive lethal malignancy. Prostate cancer cell lines are essential tools to understanding the basic features of this malignancy, as well as in identifying novel therapeutic strategies. However, most cell lines routinely used in prostate cancer research are derived from metastatic disease and may not fully elucidate the molecular events underlying the early stages of cancer development and progression. Thus, there is a need for new cell lines derived from localised disease to better span the disease spectrum. METHODS Prostatic tissue from the primary site, and adjacent non-cancerous tissue was obtained from four patients with localised disease undergoing radical prostatectomy. Epithelial cell outgrowths were immortalised with human papillomavirus type 16 (HPV16) E6 and E7 to establish monoclonal cell lines. Chromosomal ploidy was imaged and STR profiles were determined. Cell morphology, colony formation and cell proliferation characteristics were assessed. Androgen receptor (AR) expression and AR-responsiveness to androgen treatment were analysed by immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR, respectively. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify prostate lineage markers and expression of prostate cancer tumorigenesis-related genes. RESULTS Two benign cell lines derived from non-cancer cells (AQ0420 and AQ0396) and two tumour tissue derived cancer cell lines (AQ0411 and AQ0415) were immortalised from four patients with localised prostatic adenocarcinoma. The cell lines presented an epithelial morphology and a slow to moderate proliferative rate. None of the cell lines formed anchorage independent colonies or displayed AR-responsiveness. Comparative RNA-seq expression analysis confirmed the prostatic lineage of the four cell lines, with a distinct gene expression profile from that of the metastatic prostate cancer cell lines, PC-3 and LNCaP. CONCLUSIONS Comprehensive characterization of these cell lines may provide new in vitro tools that could bridge the current knowledge gap between benign, early-stage and metastatic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leire Moya
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Carina Walpole
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Cancer Immunotherapies Group, Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Fiona Rae
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Srilakshmi Srinivasan
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Inge Seim
- Integrative Biology Laboratory, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, China
- School of Biology and Environmental Science, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - John Lai
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Australian Genome Research Facility Ltd, Gehrmann Laboratories, the University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - David Nicol
- Urology Department, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
- Urology Unit, The Royal Marsden, London, UK
| | - Elizabeth D Williams
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Department of Surgery, St Vincent's Hospital, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Judith A Clements
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jyotsna Batra
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
- Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
- Center for genomics and Personalised Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Kadhum T, Selinski S, Blaszkewicz M, Reinders J, Roth E, Volkert F, Ovsiannikov D, Moormann O, Gerullis H, Barski D, Otto T, Höhne S, Hengstler JG, Golka K. Bladder cancer course, four genetic high-risk variants, and histopathological findings. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:867-879. [PMID: 37720238 PMCID: PMC10502201 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-5862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
Urinary bladder cancer, a smoking and occupation related disease, was subject of several genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, studies on the course of the disease based on GWAS findings differentiating between muscle invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) and non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are rare. Thus we investigated 4 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) detected in GWAS, related to the genes coding for TACC3 (transforming, acidic coiled-coil containing protein 3), for FGFR3 (fibroblast growth factor receptor 3), for PSCA (prostate stem cell antigen) and the genes coding for CBX6 (chromobox homolog 6) and APOBEC3A (apolipoprotein B mRNA editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide-like 3A). This study is based on 712 bladder cancer patients and 875 controls from 3 different case control studies in Germany. The 4 SNPs of interest (PSCA rs2294008 and rs2978974, FGFR3-TACC3 rs798766, and CBX6-APOBEC3A rs1014971) were determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. The distribution of the 4 SNPs does not vary significantly between cases and controls in the entire study group and in the 3 local subgroups, including two former highly industrialized areas and a region without such history. Also, no significant differences in the bladder cancer subgroups of MIBC and NMIBC were observed. The 4 investigated SNPs do not noticeably contribute differently to the bladder cancer risk for the bladder cancer subgroups of MIBC and NMIBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thura Kadhum
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
- Specialist Clinic for Psychosomatic Rehabilitation, Mittelrhein-Klinik, Boppard - Bad Salzig, Germany
| | - Silvia Selinski
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Meinolf Blaszkewicz
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jörg Reinders
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Emanuel Roth
- Department of Urology, Evangelic Hospital, Paul-Gerhardt Foundation, Lutherstadt Wittenberg, Germany
| | - Frank Volkert
- Department of Urology, Evangelic Hospital, Paul-Gerhardt Foundation, Lutherstadt Wittenberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Dimitri Barski
- Rheinland Klinikum Lukaskrankenhaus Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Thomas Otto
- Rheinland Klinikum Lukaskrankenhaus Neuss, Neuss, Germany
| | - Svetlana Höhne
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Jan G. Hengstler
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
| | - Klaus Golka
- Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors at TU Dortmund (IfADo), Dortmund, Germany
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Nayerpour dizaj T, Jafari-Gharabaghlou D, Farhoudi Sefidan Jadid M, Jahanban R, Rahimi M, Farajollahi MM, Mohsenzadegan M, Zarghami N. Fabrication of Antibody Conjugated Super Magnetic Oxide Nanoparticles for Early Detection of Prostate Cancer. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2023; 24:2089-2097. [PMID: 37378940 PMCID: PMC10505892 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2023.24.6.2089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the most widespread cancers in the world. Early diagnosis is the most important factor in treatment efficiency. Furthermore, new methods for early diagnosis and treatment play an important role. In this study, we designed targeted conjugation of antibodies with iron nanoparticles and evaluated the binding properties of antibodies to prostate cancers and benign tissues. This method in addition to having a lower cost has high sensitivity and specificity. METHODS Anti- PSCA antibodies were purified and conjugated to super magnetic oxide nanoparticles (SPION). Then, iron staining on prostate adenocarcinoma tissues was performed. At the same time, immunohistochemically staining was performed on similar tissues to compare the results. In addition, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) samples were used as a control sample. RESULTS In adenocarcinoma tissues with iron staining, many blue spots are seen compared to benign tissues, and the number of these spots increases with increasing tumor grade. CONCLUSION These findings indicate the characteristic of iron staining as a conjugate antibody to iron can be an appropriate approach to specific staining of tumor markers in cancer tissues and can be used to diagnose prostate cancer due to its safety, low cost, sensitivity, and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Nayerpour dizaj
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Davoud Jafari-Gharabaghlou
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Farhoudi Sefidan Jadid
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Rana Jahanban
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Medical Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
| | - Mandana Rahimi
- Department of Pathology, Hasheminejad Kidney center, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Monireh Mohsenzadegan
- Department of Medical Laboratory sciences, Faculty of Allied Medical sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nosratollah Zarghami
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey.
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9
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Horny K, Sproll C, Peiffer L, Furtmann F, Gerhardt P, Gravemeyer J, Stoecklein NH, Spassova I, Becker JC. Mesenchymal-epithelial transition in lymph node metastases of oral squamous cell carcinoma is accompanied by ZEB1 expression. J Transl Med 2023; 21:267. [PMID: 37076857 PMCID: PMC10114373 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04102-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), an HPV-negative head and neck cancer, frequently metastasizes to the regional lymph nodes but only occasionally beyond. Initial phases of metastasis are associated with an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), while the consolidation phase is associated with mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET). This dynamic is referred to as epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity (EMP). While it is known that EMP is essential for cancer cell invasion and metastatic spread, less is known about the heterogeneity of EMP states and even less about the heterogeneity between primary and metastatic lesions. METHODS To assess both the heterogeneity of EMP states in OSCC cells and their effects on stromal cells, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) of 5 primary tumors, 9 matching metastatic and 5 tumor-free lymph nodes and re-analyzed publicly available scRNAseq data of 9 additional primary tumors. For examining the cell type composition, we performed bulk transcriptome sequencing. Protein expression of selected genes were confirmed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS From the 23 OSCC lesions, the single cell transcriptomes of a total of 7263 carcinoma cells were available for in-depth analyses. We initially focused on one lesion to avoid confounding inter-patient heterogeneity and identified OSCC cells expressing genes characteristic of different epithelial and partial EMT stages. RNA velocity and the increase in inferred copy number variations indicated a progressive trajectory towards epithelial differentiation in this metastatic lesion, i.e., cells likely underwent MET. Extension to all samples revealed a less stringent but essentially similar pattern. Interestingly, MET cells show increased activity of the EMT-activator ZEB1. Immunohistochemistry confirmed that ZEB1 was co-expressed with the epithelial marker cornifin B in individual tumor cells. The lack of E-cadherin mRNA expression suggests this is a partial MET. Within the tumor microenvironment we found immunomodulating fibroblasts that were maintained in primary and metastatic OSCC. CONCLUSIONS This study reveals that EMP enables different partial EMT and epithelial phenotypes of OSCC cells, which are endowed with capabilities essential for the different stages of the metastatic process, including maintenance of cellular integrity. During MET, ZEB1 appears to be functionally active, indicating a more complex role of ZEB1 than mere induction of EMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Horny
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45141, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Sproll
- Department of Oral- and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lukas Peiffer
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45141, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frauke Furtmann
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45141, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Patricia Gerhardt
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45141, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jan Gravemeyer
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45141, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nikolas H Stoecklein
- Department of General, Visceral and Pediatric Surgery, Medical Faculty, University Hospital of the Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ivelina Spassova
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45141, Essen, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany
| | - Jürgen C Becker
- Translational Skin Cancer Research, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), 45141, Essen, Germany.
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.
- Department of Dermatology, University Medicine Essen, 45141, Essen, Germany.
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10
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Graham MK, Chikarmane R, Wang R, Vaghasia A, Gupta A, Zheng Q, Wodu B, Pan X, Castagna N, Liu J, Meyers J, Skaist A, Wheelan S, Simons BW, Bieberich C, Nelson WG, DeWeese TL, De Marzo AM, Yegnasubramanian S. Single-cell atlas of epithelial and stromal cell heterogeneity by lobe and strain in the mouse prostate. Prostate 2023; 83:286-303. [PMID: 36373171 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evaluating the complex interplay of cell types in the tissue microenvironment is critical to understanding the origin and progression of diseases in the prostate and potential opportunities for intervention. Mouse models are an essential tool to investigate the molecular and cell-type-specific contributions of prostate disease at an organismal level. While there are well-documented differences in the extent, timing, and nature of disease development in various genetically engineered and exposure-based mouse models in different mouse strains and prostate lobes within each mouse strain, the underlying molecular phenotypic differences in cell types across mouse strains and prostate lobes are incompletely understood. METHODS In this study, we used single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) methods to assess the single-cell transcriptomes of 6-month-old mouse prostates from two commonly used mouse strains, friend virus B/NIH jackson (FVB/NJ) (N = 2) and C57BL/6J (N = 3). For each mouse, the lobes of the prostate were dissected (anterior, dorsal, lateral, and ventral), and individual scRNA-seq libraries were generated. In situ and pathological analyses were used to explore the spatial and anatomical distributions of novel cell types and molecular markers defining these cell types. RESULTS Data dimensionality reduction and clustering analysis of scRNA-seq data revealed that basal and luminal cells possessed strain-specific transcriptomic differences, with luminal cells also displaying marked lobe-specific differences. Gene set enrichment analysis comparing luminal cells by strain showed enrichment of proto-Oncogene targets in FVB/NJ mice. Additionally, three rare populations of epithelial cells clustered independently of strain and lobe: one population of luminal cells expressing Foxi1 and components of the vacuolar ATPase proton pump (Atp6v0d2 and Atp6v1g3), another population expressing Psca and other stem cell-associated genes (Ly6a/Sca-1, Tacstd2/Trop-2), and a neuroendocrine population expressing Chga, Chgb, and Syp. In contrast, stromal cell clusters, including fibroblasts, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, pericytes, and immune cell types, were conserved across strain and lobe, clustering largely by cell type and not by strain or lobe. One notable exception to this was the identification of two distinct fibroblast populations that we term subglandular fibroblasts and interstitial fibroblasts based on their strikingly distinct spatial distribution in the mouse prostate. CONCLUSIONS Altogether, these data provide a practical reference of the transcriptional profiles of mouse prostate from two commonly used mouse strains and across all four prostate lobes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mindy K Graham
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Roshan Chikarmane
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Rulin Wang
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Ajay Vaghasia
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Anuj Gupta
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Qizhi Zheng
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Bulouere Wodu
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Xin Pan
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Nicole Castagna
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jianyong Liu
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jennifer Meyers
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Alyza Skaist
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Sarah Wheelan
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Brian W Simons
- Center for Comparative Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Charles Bieberich
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Maryland at Baltimore County, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - William G Nelson
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Theodore L DeWeese
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Angelo M De Marzo
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Srinivasan Yegnasubramanian
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Molecular Radiation Sciences, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- School of Medicine, Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
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11
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Wang XF, Liu DL, Geng L. The PSCA rs2294008 (C/T) Polymorphism Increases the Risk of Gastric and Bladder Cancer: A Meta-Analysis. Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2023; 27:44-55. [PMID: 36853840 DOI: 10.1089/gtmb.2022.0067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: It has been reported that prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) is overexpressed in certain cancer types and confers poor prognoses. The rs2294008 (C/T) polymorphism of PSCA is considered to be associated with risk for gastric, bladder, and colorectal cancers; however, these studies have produced inconsistent results, so we performed this meta-analysis to verify the association between the PSCA rs2294008 (C/T) polymorphism and cancer risk. Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, through October 20, 2022 according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. We used odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess the strength of the association between the PSCA rs2294008 (C/T) polymorphism and cancer risk. In addition, we explored PSCA mRNA expression in cancers through online databases. Results: In total, 45 articles met our inclusion criteria and were analyzed, including 37,586 cancer cases and 51,197 non-cancer controls. Except in the recessive model, the pooled effect indicated the PSCA rs2294008 T allele was associated with an increased overall cancer risk (T vs. C: OR = 1.120, 95% CI = 1.056-1.188, p < 0.01; TT vs. CC: OR = 1.206, 95% CI = 1.066-1.364, p = 0.03; CT vs. CC: OR = 1.249, 95% CI = 1.151-1.356, p < 0.01; [CT+TT] vs. CC: OR = 1.248, 95% CI = 1.147-1.359, p < 0.01; TT vs. [CT+CC]: OR = 1.051, 95% CI = 0.954-1.156, p = 0.314). In the subgroup analysis, there were significant associations between the rs2294008 T allele and increased risk of bladder and gastric cancer. Two different online tools were used to explore the PSCA mRNA levels in cancer and the corresponding normal adjacent tissues. We found that expression of PSCA was significantly lower in gastric cancer patients. Conclusions: The PSCA rs2294008 T polymorphism is related to increased cancer susceptibility, especially for gastric and bladder cancers. This polymorphism results in a decreased PSCA expression level in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Feng Wang
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Li Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Liver Cancer Institute and Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Geng
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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12
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Isomoto H, Sakaguchi T, Inamine T, Takeshita S, Fukuda D, Ohnita K, Kanda T, Matsushima K, Honda T, Sugihara T, Hirayama T, Nakao K, Tsukamoto K. SNP rs2920280 in PSCA Is Associated with Susceptibility to Gastric Mucosal Atrophy and Is a Promising Biomarker in Japanese Individuals with Helicobacter pylori Infection. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12081988. [PMID: 36010338 PMCID: PMC9407312 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12081988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori infection results in gastric cancer (GC) with gastric mucosal atrophy (GMA). Some single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the prostate stem cell antigen gene (PSCA) are associated with GC and duodenal ulcers. However, the relationship of other identified SNPs in PSCA with these diseases remains unclear. Herein, the association between PSCA SNPs and GMA among 195 Japanese individuals with H. pylori infection was evaluated. The definition of GMA or non-GMA was based on serum pepsinogen levels or endoscopic findings. Five tag PSCA SNPs were analyzed using PCR high-resolution melting curve analysis with nonlabelled probes. The frequencies of alleles and the genotypes of each tag SNP were compared between the GMA and non-GMA groups. Subsequently, a genetic test was performed using associated SNPs as biomarkers to detect patients developing GMA. Two tag PSCA SNPs (rs2920280 and rs2294008) were related to GMA susceptibility. Individuals with the rs2920280 G/G genotype or the rs2294008 T/T genotype in PSCA had 3.5- and 2.1-fold susceptibility to GMA, respectively. In conclusion, SNP rs2920280 is a possible biomarker for detecting individuals developing GMA. PSCA polymorphisms may be useful biomarkers for predicting GMA linked to GC risk and a screening endoscopy strategy to detect GC related to early stage H. pylori associated GMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajime Isomoto
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biological Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.I.); (T.S.); Tel.: +81-859-38-6527 (H.I.)
| | - Takuki Sakaguchi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
- Correspondence: (H.I.); (T.S.); Tel.: +81-859-38-6527 (H.I.)
| | - Tatsuo Inamine
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Shintaro Takeshita
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Daisuke Fukuda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biological Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biological Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Fukuda Yutaka Clinic, 3-5 Hamaguchi-machi, Nagasaki 852-8107, Japan
| | - Ken Ohnita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biological Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
- Shunkaikai Inoue Hospital, 6-12 Takara-machi, Nagasaki 850-0045, Japan
| | - Tsutomu Kanda
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biological Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kayoko Matsushima
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biological Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Tetsuro Honda
- Department of Gastroenterology, Nagasaki Medical Harbor Center, 6-39 Shinchi-machi, Nagasaki 850-8555, Japan
| | - Takaaki Sugihara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, 36-1 Nishi-cho, Yonago 683-8504, Japan
| | - Tatsuro Hirayama
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Nakao
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biological Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Tsukamoto
- Department of Pharmacotherapeutics, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan
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13
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Kim WK, Olson AW, Mi J, Wang J, Lee DH, Le V, Hiroto A, Aldahl J, Nenninger CH, Buckley AJ, Cardiff R, You S, Sun Z. Aberrant androgen action in prostatic progenitor cells induces oncogenesis and tumor development through IGF1 and Wnt axes. Nat Commun 2022; 13:4364. [PMID: 35902588 PMCID: PMC9334353 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32119-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen/androgen receptor (AR) signaling pathways are essential for prostate tumorigenesis. However, the fundamental mechanisms underlying the AR functioning as a tumor promoter in inducing prostatic oncogenesis still remain elusive. Here, we demonstrate that a subpopulation of prostatic Osr1 (odd skipped-related 1)-lineage cells functions as tumor progenitors in prostate tumorigenesis. Single cell transcriptomic analyses reveal that aberrant AR activation in these cells elevates insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) signaling pathways and initiates oncogenic transformation. Elevating IGF1 signaling further cumulates Wnt/β-catenin pathways in transformed cells to promote prostate tumor development. Correlations between altered androgen, IGF1, and Wnt/β-catenin signaling are also identified in human prostate cancer samples, uncovering a dynamic regulatory loop initiated by the AR through prostate cancer development. Co-inhibition of androgen and Wnt-signaling pathways significantly represses the growth of AR-positive tumor cells in both ex-vivo and in-vivo, implicating co-targeting therapeutic strategies for these pathways to treat advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyung Kim
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Adam W Olson
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jiaqi Mi
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Jinhui Wang
- Integrative Genomics Core, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Dong-Hoon Lee
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Vien Le
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Alex Hiroto
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Joseph Aldahl
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Christian H Nenninger
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Alyssa J Buckley
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Robert Cardiff
- Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California at Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Sungyong You
- Division of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, Departments of Surgery, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Zijie Sun
- Department of Cancer Biology, Cancer Center and Beckman Research Institute, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.
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14
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Zhang Z, Li D, Yun H, Liu W, Chai K, Tong J, Zeng T, Gao Z, Xie Y. CAR-T Cells in the Treatment of Urologic Neoplasms: Present and Future. Front Oncol 2022; 12:915171. [PMID: 35860578 PMCID: PMC9292130 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.915171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, with the breakthrough of CAR-T cells in the treatment of hematological tumors, they are increasingly being used to treat solid tumors, including urologic neoplasms. There are many relatively specific targets for urologic neoplasms, especially prostate cancer. Besides, urologic neoplasms tend to progress more slowly than tumors in other organs of the body, providing ample time for CAR-T cell application. Therefore, CAR-T cells technology has inherent advantages in urologic neoplasms. CAR-T cells in the treatment of urologic neoplasms have been extensively studied and preliminary achievements have been made. However, no breakthrough has been made due to the problems of targeting extra-tumor cytotoxicity and poor anti-tumor activity. we systematacially summarized the research actuality of CAR-T cells in urologic neoplasms, discussed the potential value and difficulties of the research. The application of CAR-T cells in the treatment of urologic neoplasms requires improvement of function through screening for better targets, modification of CAR structures, or in combination with other antitumor approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengchao Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Dong Li
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Heng Yun
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Keqiang Chai
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Jie Tong
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Tongwei Zeng
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
| | - Zhenghua Gao
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
- *Correspondence: Yongqiang Xie, ; Zhenghua Gao,
| | - Yongqiang Xie
- Department of Urology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baiyin, China
- *Correspondence: Yongqiang Xie, ; Zhenghua Gao,
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15
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Genitourinary (GU) cancers have greatly benefited from immunotherapy treatments, such as immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the durable clinical response rate for these agents remains relatively low, calling for more innovative immunotherapy approaches. Adoptive cell therapy has shown a significant advancement in the treatment of cancer in recent years and represents a great potential for the treatment of GU cancers. This review summarizes the current advancements in cellular therapy strategies for the treatment of renal cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, and prostate and penile cancers. Further, current and past clinical trials of adoptive cell therapy in GU tumors are reviewed. Finally, a perspective on the future of cell therapy in GU tumors is discussed.
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16
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Jugel W, Tietze S, Daeg J, Appelhans D, Broghammer F, Aigner A, Karimov M, Schackert G, Temme A. Targeted Transposition of Minicircle DNA Using Single-Chain Antibody Conjugated Cyclodextrin-Modified Poly (Propylene Imine) Nanocarriers. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14081925. [PMID: 35454835 PMCID: PMC9027598 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14081925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Among non-viral vectors, cationic polymers, such as poly(propylene imine) (PPI), play a prominent role in nucleic acid delivery. However, limitations of polycationic polymer-based DNA delivery systems are (i) insufficient target specificity, (ii) unsatisfactory transgene expression, and (iii) undesired transfer of therapeutic DNA into non-target cells. We developed single-chain antibody fragment (scFv)-directed hybrid polyplexes for targeted gene therapy of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA)-positive tumors. Besides mono-biotinylated PSCA-specific single-chain antibodies (scFv(AM1-P-BAP)) conjugated to neutravidin, the hybrid polyplexes comprise β-cyclodextrin-modified PPI as well as biotin/maltose-modified PPI as carriers for minicircle DNAs encoding for Sleeping Beauty transposase and a transposon encoding the gene of interest. The PSCA-specific hybrid polyplexes efficiently delivered a GFP gene in PSCA-positive tumor cells, whereas control hybrid polyplexes showed low gene transfer efficiency. In an experimental gene therapy approach, targeted transposition of a codon-optimized p53 into p53-deficient HCT116p53-/-/PSCA cells demonstrated decreased clonogenic survival when compared to mock controls. Noteworthily, p53 transposition in PTEN-deficient H4PSCA glioma cells caused nearly complete loss of clonogenic survival. These results demonstrate the feasibility of combining tumor-targeting hybrid polyplexes and Sleeping Beauty gene transposition, which, due to the modular design, can be extended to other target genes and tumor entities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Willi Jugel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery and Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (W.J.); (S.T.); (F.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Stefanie Tietze
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery and Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (W.J.); (S.T.); (F.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Jennifer Daeg
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden e.V., Mailbox 120411, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (J.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Dietmar Appelhans
- Leibniz Institute of Polymer Research Dresden e.V., Mailbox 120411, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (J.D.); (D.A.)
| | - Felix Broghammer
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery and Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (W.J.); (S.T.); (F.B.); (G.S.)
| | - Achim Aigner
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (A.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Michael Karimov
- Rudolf-Boehm-Institute for Pharmacology and Toxicology, Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Leipzig, 04107 Leipzig, Germany; (A.A.); (M.K.)
| | - Gabriele Schackert
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery and Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (W.J.); (S.T.); (F.B.); (G.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Achim Temme
- Department of Neurosurgery, Section Experimental Neurosurgery and Tumor Immunology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany; (W.J.); (S.T.); (F.B.); (G.S.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Partner Site Dresden, 01307 Dresden, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), 01307 Dresden, Germany
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-3514587011
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17
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Halib N, Pavan N, Trombetta C, Dapas B, Farra R, Scaggiante B, Grassi M, Grassi G. An Overview of siRNA Delivery Strategies for Urological Cancers. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14040718. [PMID: 35456552 PMCID: PMC9030829 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14040718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The treatment of urological cancers has been significantly improved in recent years. However, for the advanced stages of these cancers and/or for those developing resistance, novel therapeutic options need to be developed. Among the innovative strategies, the use of small interfering RNA (siRNA) seems to be of great therapeutic interest. siRNAs are double-stranded RNA molecules which can specifically target virtually any mRNA of pathological genes. For this reason, siRNAs have a great therapeutic potential for human diseases including urological cancers. However, the fragile nature of siRNAs in the biological environment imposes the development of appropriate delivery systems to protect them. Thus, ensuring siRNA reaches its deep tissue target while maintaining structural and functional integrity represents one of the major challenges. To reach this goal, siRNA-based therapies require the development of fine, tailor-made delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles, lipid nanoparticles, nanobubbles and magnetic nanoparticles are among nano-delivery systems studied recently to meet this demand. In this review, after an introduction about the main features of urological tumors, we describe siRNA characteristics together with representative delivery systems developed for urology applications; the examples reported are subdivided on the basis of the different delivery materials and on the different urological cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Halib
- Department of Basic Sciences & Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Sains Islam Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur 55100, Malaysia;
| | - Nicola Pavan
- Urology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.P.); (C.T.)
| | - Carlo Trombetta
- Urology Clinic, Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Science, University of Trieste, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (N.P.); (C.T.)
| | - Barbara Dapas
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (B.D.); (R.F.); (B.S.)
| | - Rossella Farra
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (B.D.); (R.F.); (B.S.)
| | - Bruna Scaggiante
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (B.D.); (R.F.); (B.S.)
| | - Mario Grassi
- Department of Engineering and Architecture, Trieste University, Via Valerio 6, I-34127 Trieste, Italy;
| | - Gabriele Grassi
- Department of Life Sciences, Cattinara University Hospital, Trieste University, Strada di Fiume 447, I-34149 Trieste, Italy; (B.D.); (R.F.); (B.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-040-399-3227
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18
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Immunotherapy in Advanced Prostate Cancer-Light at the End of the Tunnel? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23052569. [PMID: 35269712 PMCID: PMC8910587 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23052569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunotherapeutic treatment approaches are now an integral part of the treatment of many solid tumors. However, attempts to integrate immunotherapy into the treatment of prostate cancer have been disappointing so far. This is due to a highly immunosuppressive, “cold” tumor microenvironment, which is characterized, for example, by the absence of cytotoxic T cells, an increased number of myeloid-derived suppressor cells or regulatory T cells, a decreased number of tumor antigens, or a defect in antigen presentation. The consequence is a reduced efficacy of many established immunotherapeutic treatments such as checkpoint inhibitors. However, a growing understanding of the underlying mechanisms of tumor–immune system interactions raises hopes that immunotherapeutic strategies can be optimized in the future. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current status and future directions of immunotherapy development in prostate cancer. Background information on immune response and tumor microenvironment will help to better understand current therapeutic strategies under preclinical and clinical development.
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19
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Jiang Y, Wen W, Yang F, Han D, Zhang W, Qin W. Prospect of Prostate Cancer Treatment: Armed CAR-T or Combination Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14040967. [PMID: 35205714 PMCID: PMC8869943 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14040967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence rate of prostate cancer is higher in male cancers. With a hidden initiation of disease and long duration, prostate cancer seriously affects men's physical and mental health. Prostate cancer is initially androgen-dependent, and endocrine therapy can achieve good results. However, after 18-24 months of endocrine therapy, most patients eventually develop castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which becomes metastatic castration resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) that is difficult to treat. Chimeric Antigen Receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy is an emerging immune cell therapy that brings hope to cancer patients. CAR-T has shown considerable advantages in the treatment of hematologic tumors. However, there are still obstacles to CAR-T treatment of solid tumors because the physical barrier and the tumor microenvironment inhibit the function of CAR-T cells. In this article, we review the progress of CAR-T therapy in the treatment of prostate cancer and discuss the prospects and challenges of armed CAR-T and combined treatment strategies. At present, there are still many obstacles in the treatment of prostate cancer with CAR-T, but when these obstacles are solved, CAR-T cells can become a favorable weapon for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Jiang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Y.J.); (F.Y.); (D.H.)
| | - Weihong Wen
- Department of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (W.Q.)
| | - Fa Yang
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Y.J.); (F.Y.); (D.H.)
| | - Donghui Han
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Y.J.); (F.Y.); (D.H.)
| | - Wuhe Zhang
- Department of Urology, Air Force 986 Hospital, Xi’an 710054, China;
| | - Weijun Qin
- Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Military Medical University, Xi’an 710032, China; (Y.J.); (F.Y.); (D.H.)
- Correspondence: (W.W.); (W.Q.)
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20
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Dorff TB, Narayan V, Forman SJ, Zang PD, Fraietta JA, June CH, Haas NB, Priceman SJ. Novel Redirected T-Cell Immunotherapies for Advanced Prostate Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2022; 28:576-584. [PMID: 34675084 PMCID: PMC8866199 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-21-1483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Immunotherapy has failed to achieve durable remissions in advanced prostate cancer patients. More potent T-cell-redirecting strategies may be needed to overcome the immunologically exclusive and suppressive tumor microenvironment. Clinical trials are underway, seeking to define the optimal target for T-cell redirection, such as PSMA, PSCA, or STEAP-1, as well as the optimal strategy, with CAR or bispecific antibodies. As results continue to emerge from these trials, understanding differential toxicity and efficacy of these therapies based on their targets and functional modifications will be key to advancing these promising therapies toward clinical practice. This review provides a unique depth and breadth of perspective regarding the diverse immunotherapy strategies currently under clinical investigation for men with advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya B. Dorff
- Department of Medical Oncology and Therapeutics Research, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Vivek Narayan
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Stephen J. Forman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
| | - Peter D. Zang
- University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Joseph A. Fraietta
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Carl H. June
- Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Naomi B. Haas
- Division of Hematology/Medical Oncology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Saul J. Priceman
- Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, City of Hope Comprehensive Cancer Center, Duarte, California
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21
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Song H, Weinstein HNW, Allegakoen P, Wadsworth MH, Xie J, Yang H, Castro EA, Lu KL, Stohr BA, Feng FY, Carroll PR, Wang B, Cooperberg MR, Shalek AK, Huang FW. Single-cell analysis of human primary prostate cancer reveals the heterogeneity of tumor-associated epithelial cell states. Nat Commun 2022; 13:141. [PMID: 35013146 PMCID: PMC8748675 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-27322-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the second most common malignancy in men worldwide and consists of a mixture of tumor and non-tumor cell types. To characterize the prostate cancer tumor microenvironment, we perform single-cell RNA-sequencing on prostate biopsies, prostatectomy specimens, and patient-derived organoids from localized prostate cancer patients. We uncover heterogeneous cellular states in prostate epithelial cells marked by high androgen signaling states that are enriched in prostate cancer and identify a population of tumor-associated club cells that may be associated with prostate carcinogenesis. ERG-negative tumor cells, compared to ERG-positive cells, demonstrate shared heterogeneity with surrounding luminal epithelial cells and appear to give rise to common tumor microenvironment responses. Finally, we show that prostate epithelial organoids harbor tumor-associated epithelial cell states and are enriched with distinct cell types and states from their parent tissues. Our results provide diagnostically relevant insights and advance our understanding of the cellular states associated with prostate carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanbing Song
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Hannah N. W. Weinstein
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Paul Allegakoen
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Marc H. Wadsworth
- grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Jamie Xie
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Heiko Yang
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Ethan A. Castro
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Kevin L. Lu
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Bradley A. Stohr
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Felix Y. Feng
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Departments of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Peter R. Carroll
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Bruce Wang
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Matthew R. Cooperberg
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.410372.30000 0004 0419 2775Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA
| | - Alex K. Shalek
- grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786The Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital, Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Institute for Medical Engineering and Science (IMES), Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.116068.80000 0001 2341 2786Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA ,grid.66859.340000 0004 0546 1623Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA
| | - Franklin W. Huang
- grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Bakar Computational Health Sciences Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.266102.10000 0001 2297 6811Institute for Human Genetics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA ,grid.410372.30000 0004 0419 2775Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, San Francisco Veterans Affairs Medical Center, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA
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22
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Saleh OM, Albakri KA, Alabdallat YJ, Dajani MH, El Gazzar WB. The safety and efficacy of CAR-T cells in the treatment of prostate cancer: review. Biomarkers 2021; 27:22-34. [PMID: 34882051 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2021.2016973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A new breakthrough development in cancer treatment is chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy. In this review, we focussed on its efficacy & safety in prostate cancer, obstacles impeding its clinical use, and some strategies trying to overcome them. METHODS Searching for relevant articles was done using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. Studies had to be published in full-text in English in order to be considered. RESULTS Many factors can limit optimal CAR-T cell outcomes, including the hostile Prostate microenvironment, age, comorbidities, and tumour grade. The adverse effects of the therapy, particularly the cytokine release syndrome, are a major source of worry after treatment administration. Attempts to alter gamma/delta T-cells and NK cells with CAR, on the other hand, have demonstrated higher effectiveness and safety than conventional CAR-T cells. CONCLUSION To improve the use of immunotherapies, a greater understanding of the prostate cancer microenvironment is required. Concerning toxicity, more research is needed to find the most specific and highly expressed prostate antigens. Furthermore, discovering predictive biomarkers for toxicities, as well as choosing the correct patient for therapy, might decrease immune-related side effects and achieve a greater response.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Majd Hamdi Dajani
- Medical Student, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan
| | - Walaa Bayoumie El Gazzar
- Department of Basic medical sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Hashemite University, Zarqa, Jordan.,Department of Medical Biochemistry and molecular biology, Faculty of Medicine, Benha University, Benha city, Egypt
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23
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Nguyen NLT, Dang NDT, Dang QH, Tran VC, Vo HL, Yamaguchi M, Ta TV. Polymorphism of MUC1 Gene in Vietnamese Gastric Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Case-Control Study. Front Oncol 2021; 11:694977. [PMID: 34532288 PMCID: PMC8439541 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.694977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background A few studies revealed that the polymorphisms of Mucin 1 gene have a role and significance as a susceptible factor contributing to gastric cancer. To better understand the roles of two MUC1 genotype polymorphisms of rs4072037 and rs2070803 in the development of gastric cancer in Vietnamese population, a multicenter, large-sample, case-control study was conducted to investigate the potential association of these single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MUC1 gene with gastric cancer risk and to evaluate the combination factors in relation with these SNPs. Methods This case-control study included 302 gastric cancer patients and 304 controls at four national medical hospitals between 2016 and 2018. All participants were interviewed for sociodemographic characteristics, smoking and drinking status, and personal and family history of gastric diseases. Genotyping was done using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis. The association of SNPs with gastric cancer was explored using logistic regression models. Results AA genotype for rs4072037 was significantly associated with increased gastric cancer. Those with AA genotype had higher gastric cancer risk than had patients with AG (OR: 2.09, 95% CI: 1.48-2.96) and a combination of AG+GG (OR: 1.85, 95% CI: 1.33-2.56). In rs2070803, GG genotype increased gastric cancer risk when compared with AG (OR: 1.97, 95% CI: 1.39-2.80) and AG+AA (OR: 1.71, 95% CI: 1.23-2.39). AG genotypes in both SNPs decreased gastric cancer risk when compared with homogenous genotype, more specifically AA (OR: 0.51, 95% CI: 0.35-0.72) and GG (OR: 0.58, 95% CI: 0.35-0.97). These genotypes in combination with above-60-year-old age, male gender, alcoholism, and personal history of gastric disease were also significantly elevated risk factors for gastric cancer. Conclusions rs4072037 and rs2070803 of Mucin 1 genes are two genotypic risk factors for gastric cancer. Those in combination with gender, family history, smoking, and drinking habits significantly increase the risk of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ngoc-Lan Thi Nguyen
- Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Clinical Laboratory, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc-Dzung Thi Dang
- Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Clinical Laboratory, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Quang-Huy Dang
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Medical Technology, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Van-Chuc Tran
- Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Hoang-Long Vo
- Department of Scientific Research and International Cooperation, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Masamitsu Yamaguchi
- Department of Applied Biology, Advanced Insect Research Promotion Center, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Thanh-Van Ta
- Biochemistry Department, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Clinical Laboratory, Hanoi Medical University Hospital, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam
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24
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Duan F, Song C, Shi J, Wang P, Ye H, Dai L, Zhang J, Wang K. Identification and epidemiological evaluation of gastric cancer risk factors: based on a field synopsis and meta-analysis in Chinese population. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:21451-21469. [PMID: 34491229 PMCID: PMC8457565 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
To summarize and assess the credibility and strength of non-genetic factors and genetic variation on gastric cancer risk, we performed a field synopsis and meta-analysis to identify the risk of gastric cancer in Chinese population. Cumulative evidence was graded according to the Venice criteria, and attributable risk percentage (ARP) and population attributable risk percentage (PARP) were used to evaluate the epidemiological effect. A total of 956 studies included non-genetic (404 studies) and genetic factors (552 studies) were quantified, and data on 1161 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were available. We identified 14 non-genetic factors were significantly associated with gastric cancer risk. For the analysis of time trends, H. pylori infection rate in gastric cancer and population showed a downward trend. Meanwhile 22 variants were identified significantly associated with gastric cancer: 3 (PLCE1 rs2274223, PSCA rs2976392, MUC1 rs4072037) were high and 19 SNPs were intermediate level of summary evidence, respectively. For non-genetic factors, the top three for ARP were 54.75% (pickled food), 65.87% (stomach disease), and 49.75% (smoked and frying). For PARP were 34.22% (pickled food), 34.24% (edible hot food) and 23.66%(H. pylori infection). On the basis of ARP and PARP associated with SNPs of gastric cancer, the top three for ARP were 53.91% (NAT2, rs1799929),53.05% (NAT2 phenotype), and 42.85% (IL-10, rs1800896). For PARP (Chinese Han in Beijing) were 36.96% (VDR, rs731236), 25.58% (TGFBR2, rs3773651) and 20.56% (MUC1, rs4072037). Our study identified non-genetic risk factors and high-quality biomarkers of gastric cancer susceptibility and their contribution to gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fujiao Duan
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Medical Research Office, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Chunhua Song
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jiachen Shi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Hua Ye
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Liping Dai
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Jianying Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Kaijuan Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Epidemiology of Henan Province, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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25
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Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell immunotherapy involves the genetic modification of the patient's own T cells so that they specifically recognize and destroy tumour cells. Considerable clinical success has been achieved using this technique in patients with lymphoid malignancies, but clinical studies that investigated treating solid tumours using this emerging technology have been disappointing. A number of developments might be able to increase the efficacy of CAR T cell therapy for treatment of prostate cancer, including improved trafficking to the tumour, techniques to overcome the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment, as well as methods to enhance CAR T cell persistence, specificity and safety. Furthermore, CAR T cell therapy has the potential to be combined with other treatment modalities, such as androgen deprivation therapy, radiotherapy or chemotherapy, and could be applied as focal CAR T cell therapy for prostate cancer.
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26
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Shahrabi Farahani M, Saraygord-Afshari N, M Farajollahi M. Optimizing the Preparation Procedure of Recombinant PSCA, as a Practical Biomarker in Prostate Cancer. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 19:e2631. [PMID: 34435055 PMCID: PMC8358172 DOI: 10.30498/ijb.2021.2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: The unique expression pattern of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) in a number of prevalent neoplasms has made the antigen a great target for cancer researches,
and many clinical methods have been developed based on the application of this tumor marker. Hence, optimal PSCA laboratory production can be considered a hallmark for many researchers. Objective: An analytical study was designed to improve the quality and quantity of PSCA production. Materials and Methods: The effects of different compositions of lysis buffers and some ultrasound durations were assessed by calculation of the protein recovery followed by PSCA specific blotting experiments.
Then, based on the results of the web-based characterization, interference removal, followed by re-solubilization of the protein in various buffers, was designed, applied, and assessed. Results: Since the selection of an appropriate methodology depends merely on the research purposes, we tried to discuss the pros and cons of the investigated methods according
to the hydrophobic nature of PSCA as well as its dramatic tendency to aggregate in the form of inclusion bodies in the expression hosts. Conclusions: We introduced a newly designed method to fit the delicate immunological surveys and overcome some limiting factors in PSCA production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboube Shahrabi Farahani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Saraygord-Afshari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Farajollahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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27
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Anwar MY, Williams GR, Paluri RK. CAR T Cell Therapy in Pancreaticobiliary Cancers: a Focused Review of Clinical Data. J Gastrointest Cancer 2021; 52:1-10. [PMID: 32700185 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-020-00457-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE CAR T cell therapy is an innovative approach to treat cancers in the modern era. It utilizes the application of chimeric antigen receptors targeted against specific antigens expressed by the tumor cells. Although its efficacy is established in hematological malignancies, the safety and efficacy of this therapy in solid tumors, especially pancreaticobiliary cancers, is a highly investigated aspect. A focused review of clinical data was conducted to examine the outcomes of this therapy in pancreaticobiliary cancers. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was done on Medline and Embase databases through April 24, 2020 for studies that evaluated the outcomes of CAR T cell therapy in pancreaticobiliary cancers. RESULTS There were six phase 1 trials, while one was phase 1/2. Some of these trials were specifically done for pancreaticobiliary cancers, while others included patients of various solid organ cancers, including pancreatic and biliary tract cancers. The target antigens for therapy in these trials included mesothelin, CD133, prostate stem cell antigen, claudin 18.2, epidermal growth factor receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2. CAR T cell therapy has shown very few grade 3 and 4 side effects. Most of the adverse events are associated with cytokine release syndrome. CONCLUSION CAR T cell therapy has a manageable safety profile based on phase 1 studies, and efficacy assessments are currently ongoing in dose expansion and phase 2 studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Grant R Williams
- O'Neil Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Ravi K Paluri
- O'Neil Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
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28
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Chizari M, Fani-Kheshti S, Taeb J, Farajollahi MM, Mohsenzadegan M. The Anti-Proliferative Effect of a Newly-Produced Anti-PSCA-Peptide Antibody by Multiple Bioinformatics Tools, on Prostate Cancer Cells. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2021; 16:73-83. [PMID: 33176663 DOI: 10.2174/1574892815999201110212411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA) is a small cell surface protein, overexpressed in 90% of prostate cancers. Determination of epitopes that elicit an appropriate response to the antibody generation is vital for diagnostic and immunotherapeutic purposes for prostate cancer treatment. Presently, bioinformatics B-cell prediction tools can predict the location of epitopes, which is uncomplicated, faster, and more cost-effective than experimental methods. OBJECTIVE We aimed to predict a novel linear peptide for Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA) protein in order to generate anti-PSCA-peptide (p) antibody and to investigate its effect on prostate cancer cells. METHODS In the current study, a novel linear peptide for PSCA was predicted using in silico methods that utilize a set of linear B-cell epitope prediction tools. Polyclonal antibody (anti-PSCA-p antibody "Patent No. 99318") against PSCA peptide was generated. The antibody reactivity was determined by the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) and its specificity by immunocytochemistry (ICC), immunohistochemistry (IHC), and Western Blotting (WB) assays. The effect of the anti-PSCA-p antibody on PSCA-expressing prostate cancer cell line was assessed by Methylthiazolyldiphenyl- Tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. RESULTS New peptide-fragment of PSCA sequence as "N-CVDDSQDYYVGKKN-C" (PSCA-p) was selected and synthesized. The anti-PSCA-p antibody against the PSCA-p showed immunoreactivity with PSCA-p specifically bound to PC-3 cells. Also, the anti-PSCA-p antibody strongly stained the prostate cancer tissues as compared to Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and normal tissues (P < 0.001). As the degree of malignancy increased, the staining intensity was also elevated in prostate cancer tissue (P < 0.001). Interestingly, the anti-PSCA-p antibody showed anti-proliferative effects on PC-3 cells (31%) with no growth inhibition effect on PSCA-negative cells. CONCLUSION In this study, we developed a new peptide sequence (PSCA-p) of PSCA. The PSCA-p targeting by anti-PSCA-p antibody inhibited the proliferation of prostate cancer cells, suggesting the potential of PSCA-p immunotherapy for future prostate cancer studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Chizari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sajad Fani-Kheshti
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jaleh Taeb
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad M Farajollahi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Monireh Mohsenzadegan
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Allied Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Liu M, Shi H, Yan J, Zhang Y, Ma Y, Le K, Li Z, Xing N, Li G. Gene polymorphism-related differences in the outcomes of abiraterone for prostate cancer: a systematic overview. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:1873-1894. [PMID: 34094659 PMCID: PMC8167691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous prostate cancer (PC) associated genes have been reported in previous genome-wide association studies. Elucidation of prostate cancer pharmacogenomics have enhanced studies into the impact of germline genetic changes on treatment, in addition to evaluating related genomic alterations and biomarkers in prostate tumor tissues. Currently, Abiraterone (Abi) is used as one of the therapeutic options for PC. In this article, germline variants that have been associated with responses to Abi in patients with advanced PC are summarized. These include biomarker genes such as CYP17A1, AR-V7, HSD3B1, SLCO2B1, SULT1E1, and SRD5A2 that are involved in homologous recombination, as well as in gene expression mutations in important signaling pathways, such as WNT and Abi metabolic pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
| | - Hongzhe Shi
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
| | - Jiaqing Yan
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
| | - Yinglin Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
| | - Kaidi Le
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
| | - Zhongdong Li
- Department of Pharmacy, Electric Power Teaching Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijing 100073, China
| | - Nianzeng Xing
- Department of Urology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
| | - Guohui Li
- Department of Pharmacy, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing 100021, China
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Targeted RNAi of BIRC5/Survivin Using Antibody-Conjugated Poly(Propylene Imine)-Based Polyplexes Inhibits Growth of PSCA-Positive Tumors. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13050676. [PMID: 34066833 PMCID: PMC8151203 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13050676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Delivery of siRNAs for the treatment of tumors critically depends on the development of efficient nucleic acid carrier systems. The complexation of dendritic polymers (dendrimers) results in nanoparticles, called dendriplexes, that protect siRNA from degradation and mediate non-specific cellular uptake of siRNA. However, large siRNA doses are required for in vivo use due to accumulation of the nanoparticles in sinks such as the lung, liver, and spleen. This suggests the exploration of targeted nanoparticles for enhancing tumor cell specificity and achieving higher siRNA levels in tumors. In this work, we report on the targeted delivery of a therapeutic siRNA specific for BIRC5/Survivin in vitro and in vivo to tumor cells expressing the surface marker prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA). For this, polyplexes consisting of single-chain antibody fragments specific for PSCA conjugated to siRNA/maltose-modified poly(propylene imine) dendriplexes were used. These polyplexes were endocytosed by PSCA-positive 293TPSCA/ffLuc and PC3PSCA cells and caused knockdown of reporter gene firefly luciferase and Survivin expression, respectively. In a therapeutic study in PC3PSCA xenograft-bearing mice, significant anti-tumor effects were observed upon systemic administration of the targeted polyplexes. This indicates superior anti-tumor efficacy when employing targeted delivery of Survivin-specific siRNA, based on the additive effects of siRNA-mediated Survivin knockdown in combination with scFv-mediated PSCA inhibition.
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Pre-conditioning modifies the TME to enhance solid tumor CAR T cell efficacy and endogenous protective immunity. Mol Ther 2021; 29:2335-2349. [PMID: 33647456 PMCID: PMC8261088 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2021.02.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T cell therapy has led to impressive clinical responses in patients with hematological malignancies; however, its effectiveness in patients with solid tumors has been limited. While CAR T cells for the treatment of advanced prostate and pancreas cancer, including those targeting prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), are being clinically evaluated and are anticipated to show bioactivity, their safety and the impact of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) have not been faithfully explored preclinically. Using a novel human PSCA knockin (hPSCA-KI) immunocompetent mouse model, we evaluated the safety and therapeutic efficacy of PSCA-CAR T cells. We demonstrated that cyclophosphamide (Cy) pre-conditioning significantly modified the immunosuppressive TME and was required to uncover the efficacy of PSCA-CAR T cells in metastatic prostate and pancreas cancer models, with no observed toxicities in normal tissues with endogenous expression of PSCA. This combination dampened the immunosuppressive TME, generated pro-inflammatory myeloid and T cell signatures in tumors, and enhanced the recruitment of antigen-presenting cells, as well as endogenous and adoptively transferred T cells, resulting in long-term anti-tumor immunity.
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Heitmann JS, Pfluegler M, Jung G, Salih HR. Bispecific Antibodies in Prostate Cancer Therapy: Current Status and Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:549. [PMID: 33535627 PMCID: PMC7867165 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13030549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate carcinoma (PC) is the second most common cancer in men. When the disease becomes unresponsive to androgen deprivation therapy, the remaining treatment options are of limited benefit. Despite intense efforts, none of the T cell-based immunotherapeutic strategies that meanwhile have become a cornerstone for treatment of other malignancies is established in PC. This refers to immune checkpoint inhibition (CI), which generally reinforces T cell immunity as well as chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells and bispecific antibodies (bsAbs) that stimulate the T cell receptor/CD3-complex and mobilize T cells in a targeted manner. In general, compared to CAR-T cells, bsAb would have the advantage of being an "off the shelf" reagent associated with less preparative effort, but at present, despite enormous efforts, neither CAR-T cells nor bsAbs are successful in solid tumors. Here, we focus on the various bispecific constructs that are presently in development for treatment of PC, and discuss underlying concepts and the state of clinical evaluation as well as future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas S. Heitmann
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.S.H.); (M.P.)
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 “Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy” (IFIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
| | - Martin Pfluegler
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.S.H.); (M.P.)
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 “Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy” (IFIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Gundram Jung
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 “Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy” (IFIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
- Department of Immunology, Interfaculty Institute for Cell Biology, University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), DKFZ Partner Site Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Helmut R. Salih
- Clinical Collaboration Unit Translational Immunology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; (J.S.H.); (M.P.)
- DFG Cluster of Excellence 2180 “Image-Guided and Functional Instructed Tumor Therapy” (IFIT), University of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany;
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Kumar K, Ghosh A. Radiochemistry, Production Processes, Labeling Methods, and ImmunoPET Imaging Pharmaceuticals of Iodine-124. Molecules 2021; 26:E414. [PMID: 33466827 PMCID: PMC7830191 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Target-specific biomolecules, monoclonal antibodies (mAb), proteins, and protein fragments are known to have high specificity and affinity for receptors associated with tumors and other pathological conditions. However, the large biomolecules have relatively intermediate to long circulation half-lives (>day) and tumor localization times. Combining superior target specificity of mAbs and high sensitivity and resolution of the PET (Positron Emission Tomography) imaging technique has created a paradigm-shifting imaging modality, ImmunoPET. In addition to metallic PET radionuclides, 124I is an attractive radionuclide for radiolabeling of mAbs as potential immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals due to its physical properties (decay characteristics and half-life), easy and routine production by cyclotrons, and well-established methodologies for radioiodination. The objective of this report is to provide a comprehensive review of the physical properties of iodine and iodine radionuclides, production processes of 124I, various 124I-labeling methodologies for large biomolecules, mAbs, and the development of 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals for various cancer targets in preclinical and clinical environments. A summary of several production processes, including 123Te(d,n)124I, 124Te(d,2n)124I, 121Sb(α,n)124I, 123Sb(α,3n)124I, 123Sb(3He,2n)124I, natSb(α, xn)124I, natSb(3He,n)124I reactions, a detailed overview of the 124Te(p,n)124I reaction (including target selection, preparation, processing, and recovery of 124I), and a fully automated process that can be scaled up for GMP (Good Manufacturing Practices) production of large quantities of 124I is provided. Direct, using inorganic and organic oxidizing agents and enzyme catalysis, and indirect, using prosthetic groups, 124I-labeling techniques have been discussed. Significant research has been conducted, in more than the last two decades, in the development of 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals for target-specific cancer detection. Details of preclinical and clinical evaluations of the potential 124I-labeled immunoPET imaging pharmaceuticals are described here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishan Kumar
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Imaging Pharmaceuticals, The Wright Center of Innovation in Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43212, USA;
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Hagaman DE, Damasco JA, Perez JVD, Rojo RD, Melancon MP. Recent Advances in Nanomedicine for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Prostate Cancer Bone Metastasis. Molecules 2021; 26:E384. [PMID: 33450939 PMCID: PMC7828457 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with advanced prostate cancer can develop painful and debilitating bone metastases. Currently available interventions for prostate cancer bone metastases, including chemotherapy, bisphosphonates, and radiopharmaceuticals, are only palliative. They can relieve pain, reduce complications (e.g., bone fractures), and improve quality of life, but they do not significantly improve survival times. Therefore, additional strategies to enhance the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer bone metastases are needed. Nanotechnology is a versatile platform that has been used to increase the specificity and therapeutic efficacy of various treatments for prostate cancer bone metastases. In this review, we summarize preclinical research that utilizes nanotechnology to develop novel diagnostic imaging tools, translational models, and therapies to combat prostate cancer bone metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel E. Hagaman
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.E.H.); (J.A.D.); (J.V.D.P.); (R.D.R.)
| | - Jossana A. Damasco
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.E.H.); (J.A.D.); (J.V.D.P.); (R.D.R.)
| | - Joy Vanessa D. Perez
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.E.H.); (J.A.D.); (J.V.D.P.); (R.D.R.)
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila NCR 1000, Philippines
| | - Raniv D. Rojo
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.E.H.); (J.A.D.); (J.V.D.P.); (R.D.R.)
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila NCR 1000, Philippines
| | - Marites P. Melancon
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (D.E.H.); (J.A.D.); (J.V.D.P.); (R.D.R.)
- UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX 77030, USA
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Usui Y, Matsuo K, Oze I, Ugai T, Koyanagi Y, Maeda Y, Ito H, Hishida A, Takeuchi K, Tamura T, Tsukamoto M, Kadomatsu Y, Hara M, Nishida Y, Shimoshikiryo I, Takezaki T, Ozaki E, Matsui D, Watanabe I, Suzuki S, Watanabe M, Nakagawa-Senda H, Mikami H, Nakamura Y, Arisawa K, Uemura H, Kuriki K, Takashima N, Kadota A, Ikezaki H, Murata M, Nakatochi M, Momozawa Y, Kubo M, Wakai K. Impact of PSCA Polymorphisms on the Risk of Duodenal Ulcer. J Epidemiol 2021; 31:12-20. [PMID: 31839644 PMCID: PMC7738644 DOI: 10.2188/jea.je20190184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastric cancer (GC) are both H. pylori infection-related diseases, individuals with DU are known to have lower risk for GC. Many epidemiological studies have identified the PSCA rs2294008 T-allele as a risk factor of GC, while others have found an association between the rs2294008 C-allele and risk of DU and gastric ulcer (GU). Following these initial reports, however, few studies have since validated these associations. Here, we aimed to validate the association between variations in PSCA and the risk of DU/GU and evaluate its interaction with environmental factors in a Japanese population. METHODS Six PSCA SNPs were genotyped in 584 DU cases, 925 GU cases, and 8,105 controls from the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort (J-MICC). Unconditional logistic regression models were applied to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between the SNPs and risk of DU/GU. RESULTS PSCA rs2294008 C-allele was associated with per allele OR of 1.34 (95% CI, 1.18-1.51; P = 2.28 × 10-6) for the risk of DU. This association was independent of age, sex, study site, smoking habit, drinking habit, and H. pylori status. On the other hand, we did not observe an association between the risk of GU and PSCA SNPs. CONCLUSIONS Our study confirms an association between the PSCA rs2294008 C-allele and the risk of DU in a Japanese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiaki Usui
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Keitaro Matsuo
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Isao Oze
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Tomotaka Ugai
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuriko Koyanagi
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yoshinobu Maeda
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceuticals Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Hidemi Ito
- Division of Cancer Information and Control, Department of Preventive Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center, Nagoya, Japan
- Division of Descriptive Cancer Epidemiology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Asahi Hishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeuchi
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Takashi Tamura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Mineko Tsukamoto
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yuka Kadomatsu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Megumi Hara
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Nishida
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan
| | - Ippei Shimoshikiryo
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshiro Takezaki
- Department of International Island and Community Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Etsuko Ozaki
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Daisuke Matsui
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Isao Watanabe
- Department of Epidemiology for Community Health and Medicine Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Sadao Suzuki
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Miki Watanabe
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Hiroko Nakagawa-Senda
- Department of Public Health, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Haruo Mikami
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Yohko Nakamura
- Cancer Prevention Center, Chiba Cancer Center Research Institute, Chiba, Japan
| | - Kokichi Arisawa
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Uemura
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan
| | - Kiyonori Kuriki
- Laboratory of Public Health, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naoyuki Takashima
- Department of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Kindai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Aya Kadota
- Department of Public Health, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Ikezaki
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Murata
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Department of Nursing, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Yukihide Momozawa
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Michiaki Kubo
- Laboratory for Genotyping Development, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan
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Chowdhury S, Ghosh S. Nanoparticles and Stem Cells. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-981-16-1638-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Molecular MR Imaging of Prostate Cancer. Biomedicines 2020; 9:biomedicines9010001. [PMID: 33375045 PMCID: PMC7822017 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments regarding molecular imaging markers for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of prostate cancer (PCa). Currently, the clinical standard includes MR imaging using unspecific gadolinium-based contrast agents. Specific molecular probes for the diagnosis of PCa could improve the molecular characterization of the tumor in a non-invasive examination. Furthermore, molecular probes could enable targeted therapies to suppress tumor growth or reduce the tumor size.
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Patra P, Bhattacharya M, Sharma AR, Ghosh P, Sharma G, Patra BC, Mallick B, Lee SS, Chakraborty C. Identification and Design of a Next-Generation Multi Epitopes Bases Peptide Vaccine Candidate Against Prostate Cancer: An In Silico Approach. Cell Biochem Biophys 2020; 78:495-509. [PMID: 32347457 DOI: 10.1007/s12013-020-00912-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second most diagnosed cancer in men and ranked fifth in overall cancer diagnosis. During the past decades, it has arisen as a significant life-threatening disease in men at an older age. At the early onset of illness when it is in localized form, radiation and surgical treatments are applied against this disease. In case of adverse situations androgen deprivation therapy, chemotherapy, hormonal therapy, etc. are widely used as a therapeutic element. However, studies found the occurrences of several side effects after applying these therapies. In current work, several immunoinformatic techniques were applied to formulate a multi-epitopic vaccine from the overexpressed antigenic proteins of PCa. A total of 13 epitopes were identified from the five prostatic antigenic proteins (PSA, PSMA, PSCA, STEAP, and PAP), after validation with several in silico tools. These epitopes were fused to form a vaccine element by (GGGGS)3 peptide linker. Afterward, 5, 6-dimethylxanthenone-4-acetic acid (DMXAA) was used as an adjuvant to initiate and induce STING-mediated cytotoxic cascade. In addition, molecular docking was performed between the vaccine element and HLA class I antigen with the low ACE value of -251 kcal/mol which showed a significant binding. Molecular simulation using normal mode analysis (NMA) illustrated the docking complex as a stable one. Therefore, this observation strongly indicated that our multi epitopes bases peptide vaccine molecule will be an effective candidate for the treatment of the PCa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prasanta Patra
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Manojit Bhattacharya
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Ashish Ranjan Sharma
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Pratik Ghosh
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Garima Sharma
- Neuropsychopharmacology and Toxicology Program, College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Bidhan Chandra Patra
- Department of Zoology, Vidyasagar University, Midnapore, West Bengal, 721102, India
| | - Bidyut Mallick
- Departments of Applied Science, Galgotias College of Engineering and Technology, Greater Noida, India
| | - Sang-Soo Lee
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chiranjib Chakraborty
- Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopedic Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University, Chuncheon, 24252, Republic of Korea.
- Adamas University, North, 24 Parganas, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700126, India.
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Jordahl KM, Phipps AI, Randolph TW, Tinker LF, Nassir R, Hou L, Anderson GL, Kelsey KT, White E, Bhatti P. Mediation by differential DNA methylation of known associations between single nucleotide polymorphisms and bladder cancer risk. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:228. [PMID: 33213418 PMCID: PMC7678190 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01172-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Background Though bladder cancer has been the subject of many well-powered genome-wide association studies, the mechanisms involving bladder-cancer-associated single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) remain largely unknown. This study focuses on rs798766, rs401681, rs2294008, and rs8102137, which have been associated with bladder cancer and are also cis-acting methylation quantitative loci (mQTL). Methods Among 412 bladder cancer cases and 424 controls from the Women’s Health Initiative (WHI), we assessed whether the effects of these SNPs on bladder cancer are mediated through proximal DNA methylation changes in pre-diagnostic blood at mQTL-associated CpG sites, which we refer to as natural indirect effects (NIEs). We used a multiple-mediator mediation model for each of the four mQTL adjusted for matching variables and potential confounders, including race/ethnicity, smoking status, and pack-years of smoking. Results While not statistically significant, our results suggest that substantial proportions of the modest effects of rs401681 (ORNIE = 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.89 to 1.25; NIE percent = 98.5%) and rs2294008 (ORNIE = 1.10, 95% CI = 0.90 to 1.33; NIE percent = 77.6%) on bladder cancer risk are mediated through differential DNA methylation at nearby mQTL-associated CpG sites. The suggestive results indicate that rs2294008 may affect bladder cancer risk through a set of genes in the lymphocyte antigen 6 family, which involves genes that bind to and modulate nicotinic acetylcholine receptors. There was no suggestive evidence supporting mediation for rs8102137 and rs798766. Conclusions Though larger studies are necessary, the methylation changes associated with rs401681 and rs2294008 at mQTL-associated CpG sites may be relevant for bladder carcinogenesis, and this study demonstrates how multi-omic data can be integrated to help understand the downstream effects of genetics variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina M Jordahl
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Box 357236, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA. .,Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
| | - Amanda I Phipps
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Box 357236, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Timothy W Randolph
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Lesley F Tinker
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rami Nassir
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Garnet L Anderson
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Karl T Kelsey
- Departments of Epidemiology and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA
| | - Emily White
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Washington, Box 357236, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA.,Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Parveen Bhatti
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA.,Cancer Control Research, BC Cancer, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Li G, Zhang R, Wei M, Yin C, Sun J, Zhang Y. Lensfree Diffraction Reconstruction Approach Enables Early Detection of Cancer In Vitro Based on Molecular Diagnosis. ACS Sens 2020; 5:3091-3098. [PMID: 32677430 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Before there are any megascopic cancer clinical symptoms, molecular diagnosis is the main method for detecting cancer-associated gene and tumor marker. The existing detection facilities are all expensive, complicated to operate, and time-consuming, thereby making them difficult to popularize and benefit humans. In this study, we proposed a high-throughput and cost-effective approach, which enables accurate detection of extremely rare cancer cells based on molecular diagnosis of target tumor marker and a lensfree diffraction imaging platform. This approach achieves high-speed and high-quality reconstruction of huge images, which well solves the problem that precise recognition is almost impossible utilizing raw image because of significant pattern magnification and serious overlaps. Furthermore, the cells which are labeled with immune microbeads can be screened using the determined covered pixel sets, which are extracted in different focus reconstruction planes. The recognition strategy is implemented based on set intersection. With this method, the target cancer cells can be rapidly and accurately screened in a large number of benign cell samples. Besides, the detection equipment is cost-effective and easy to operate and popularize. It is expected to be widely used as a diagnostic tool for early detection of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxiao Li
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Rongbiao Zhang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Mingji Wei
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Changsheng Yin
- Institute of Life Sciences, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Yecheng Zhang
- School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
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The Correlation between PSCA Expression and Neuroendocrine Differentiation in Prostate Cancer. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 2020:5395312. [PMID: 33029516 PMCID: PMC7532369 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5395312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Revised: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 08/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), as a predominantly prostate-specific marker, is overexpressed in most prostate cancer specimens, is positively correlated with prostate cancer androgen independence, and has the potential to be treated with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) as a gene therapy target. Using the typical androgen deprivation therapy, most tumors will progress to CRPC, as well as develop into neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) characterized by the expression of neuroendocrine markers such as enolase 2 (NSE). Our study was aimed at investigating the expressions of PSCA and NSE and the relationship between the two markers, as well as the correlation between the PSCA and NSE expressions and the clinicopathological parameters in prostate cancer specimens from 118 patients by using immunohistochemistry. Our results demonstrated that the PSCA and NSE protein expressions did not correlate with the prostate cancer patients' age or the hormone therapy but showed a significant correlation with the pathological tumor stage of prostate cancer, the Gleason score, and the presence of metastasis. There is a positive association between PSCA and NSE but a negative one between the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and PSCA or between PSA and NSE. High PSCA and NSE expressions correlated with a poor prognosis in prostate cancer patients. PSCA may play an important role in the progression of neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC).
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Guo W, Li L, He J, Liu Z, Han M, Li F, Xia X, Zhang X, Zhu Y, Wei Y, Li Y, Aji R, Dai H, Wei H, Li C, Chen Y, Chen L, Gao D. Single-cell transcriptomics identifies a distinct luminal progenitor cell type in distal prostate invagination tips. Nat Genet 2020; 52:908-918. [PMID: 32807988 PMCID: PMC8383310 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-020-0642-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The identification of prostate stem/progenitor cells and characterization of the prostate epithelial cell lineage hierarchy are critical for understanding prostate cancer initiation. Here, we characterized 35,129 cells from mouse prostates, and identified a unique luminal cell type (termed type C luminal cell (Luminal-C)) marked by Tacstd2, Ck4 and Psca expression. Luminal-C cells located at the distal prostate invagination tips (termed Dist-Luminal-C) exhibited greater capacity for organoid formation in vitro and prostate epithelial duct regeneration in vivo. Lineage tracing of Luminal-C cells indicated that Dist-Luminal-C cells reconstituted distal prostate luminal lineages through self-renewal and differentiation. Deletion of Pten in Dist-Luminal-C cells resulted in prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia. We further characterized 11,374 human prostate cells and confirmed the existence of h-Luminal-C cells. Our study provides insights into the prostate lineage hierarchy, identifies Dist-Luminal-C cells as the luminal progenitor cell population in invagination tips and suggests one of the potential cellular origins of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangxin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Juan He
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhuang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Han
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyi Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yao Zhu
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Wei
- Department of Urology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Shanghai, China
| | - Yunguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rebiguli Aji
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunfeng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Chen
- Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
- Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College and New York-Presbyterian Hospital, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Luonan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Center for Excellence in Animal Evolution and Genetics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China.
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Dong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Andrology, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
- Institute for Stem Cell and Regeneration, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Vidal M. Exosomes and GPI-anchored proteins: Judicious pairs for investigating biomarkers from body fluids. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2020; 161-162:110-123. [PMID: 32828789 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2020.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Exosomes are 50-100 nm membranous vesicles actively released by cells which can be indicative of a diseased cell status. They contain various kinds of molecule - proteins, mRNA, miRNA, lipids - that are actively being studied as potential biomarkers. Hereafter I put forward several arguments in favor of the potential use of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins (GPI-APs) as biomarkers especially of cancerous diseases. I will briefly update readers on the exosome field and review various features of GPI-APs, before further discussing the advantages of this class of proteins as potential exosomal biomarkers. I will finish with a few examples of exosomal GPI-APs that have already been demonstrated to be good prognostic markers, as well as innovative approaches developed to quantify these exosomal biomarkers.
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Alikhani R, Taravati A, Hashemi-Soteh MB. Association of MUC1 5640G>A and PSCA 5057C>T polymorphisms with the risk of gastric cancer in Northern Iran. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2020; 21:148. [PMID: 32660489 PMCID: PMC7359498 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-020-01085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Gastric cancer is one of the four most common cancer that causing death worldwide. Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) have shown that genetic diversities MUC1 (Mucin 1) and PSCA (Prostate Stem Cell Antigen) genes are involved in gastric cancer. The aim of this study was avaluating the association of rs4072037G > A polymorphism in MUC1 and rs2294008 C > T in PSCA gene with risk of gastric cancer in northern Iran. Methods DNA was extracted from 99 formalin fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue samples of gastric cancer and 96 peripheral blood samples from healthy individuals (sex matched) as controls. Two desired polymorphisms, 5640G > A and 5057C > T for MUC1 and PSCA genes were genotyped using PCR-RFLP method. Results The G allele at rs4072037 of MUC1 gene was associated with a significant decreased gastric cancer risk (OR = 0.507, 95% CI: 0.322–0.799, p = 0.003). A significant decreased risk of gastric cancer was observed in people with either AG vs. AA, AG + AA vs. GG and AA+GG vs. AG genotypes of MUC1 polymorphism (OR = 4.296, 95% CI: 1.190–15.517, p = 0.026), (OR = 3.726, 95% CI: 2.033–6.830, p = 0.0001) and (OR = 0.223, 95% CI: 0.120–0.413, p = 0.0001) respectively. Finally, there was no significant association between the PSCA 5057C > T polymorphism and risk of gastric cancer in all genetic models. Conclusion Results indicated that the MUC1 5640G > A polymorphism may have protective effect for gastric cancer in the Northern Iran population and could be considered as a potential molecular marker in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Alikhani
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Ali Taravati
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagher Hashemi-Soteh
- Immunogenetic Research center, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, Medical Faculty, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, 48166-13485, Iran.
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Czerwińska M, Bilewicz A, Kruszewski M, Wegierek-Ciuk A, Lankoff A. Targeted Radionuclide Therapy of Prostate Cancer-From Basic Research to Clinical Perspectives. Molecules 2020; 25:E1743. [PMID: 32290196 PMCID: PMC7181060 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25071743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignancy in men and the second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Western civilization. Although localized prostate cancer can be treated effectively in different ways, almost all patients progress to the incurable metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer. Due to the significant mortality and morbidity rate associated with the progression of this disease, there is an urgent need for new and targeted treatments. In this review, we summarize the recent advances in research on identification of prostate tissue-specific antigens for targeted therapy, generation of highly specific and selective molecules targeting these antigens, availability of therapeutic radionuclides for widespread medical applications, and recent achievements in the development of new-generation small-molecule inhibitors and antibody-based strategies for targeted prostate cancer therapy with alpha-, beta-, and Auger electron-emitting radionuclides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malwina Czerwińska
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.); (M.K.)
| | - Aleksander Bilewicz
- Centre of Radiochemistry and Nuclear Chemistry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Marcin Kruszewski
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.); (M.K.)
- Department of Molecular Biology and Translational Research, Institute of Rural Health, Jaczewskiego 2, 20-090 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aneta Wegierek-Ciuk
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 24-406 Kielce, Poland;
| | - Anna Lankoff
- Centre for Radiobiology and Biological Dosimetry, Institute of Nuclear Chemistry and Technology, Dorodna 16, 03-195 Warsaw, Poland; (M.C.); (M.K.)
- Department of Medical Biology, Institute of Biology, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 24-406 Kielce, Poland;
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Shulepko MA, Bychkov ML, Shlepova OV, Shenkarev ZO, Kirpichnikov MP, Lyukmanova EN. Human secreted protein SLURP-1 abolishes nicotine-induced proliferation, PTEN down-regulation and α7-nAChR expression up-regulation in lung cancer cells. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 82:106303. [PMID: 32106059 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Human Ly-6/uPAR-related protein-1 (SLURP-1) is an allosteric negative modulator of the α7-type nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7-nAChR), one of the key receptors promoting nicotine-induced proliferation of lung cancer cells. Incubation of lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells with recombinant SLURP-1 (rSLURP-1) at concentrations >10 nM resulted in the significant decrease of the cell growth (~70%), while treatment of normal lung-derived WI-38 fibroblasts with rSLURP-1 did not influence the cell proliferation up to 1 μM of the protein. rSLURP-1 fully abolished the nicotine-induced increase of the cell proliferation, down-regulation of the expression of PTEN (the negative regulator of the AKT pathway, controlling the growth, survival, and proliferation of cancer cells), and up-regulation of the α7-nAChR expression in the A549 cells. Using the siRNA against α7-nAChR and inhibitors of different cell-surface receptors, we showed that rSLURP-1 antiproliferative effect in A549 cells is connected with α7-nAChR, epidermal growth factor receptors, and β-adrenergic receptors. Moreover, we found that downstream effectors of rSLURP-1 are IP3 receptors and the STAT3 transcription factor. Implication of the IP3 receptors and PTEN in the rSLURP-1 antiproliferative activity points on the AKT-mediated signaling pathway. Co-application of rSLURP-1 with gefitinib and bortezomib (currently used anticancer drugs) resulted in an additive suppression of the A549 cells proliferation up to ~44% and 35%, respectively. Thus, rSLURP-1 could be considered a promising prototype of drugs to prevent nicotine-induced pathologies and cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail A Shulepko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 119997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Maxim L Bychkov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 119997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Olga V Shlepova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 119997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Zakhar O Shenkarev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 119997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Mikhail P Kirpichnikov
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 119997 Moscow, Russian Federation; Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Ekaterina N Lyukmanova
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, 119997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Xu LP, Qiu HB, Yuan SQ, Chen YM, Zhou ZW, Chen YB. Downregulation of PSCA promotes gastric cancer proliferation and is related to poor prognosis. J Cancer 2020; 11:2708-2715. [PMID: 32201541 PMCID: PMC7066023 DOI: 10.7150/jca.33575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Dysregulation of prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) has been implicated in human cancers. Studies have reported that PSCA expression is generally high in prostate cancer, which correlates with a worse survival. PSCA is also highly expressed in bladder, ovarian, and pancreatic cancers. However, PSCA is expressed at low levels in gastric, gallbladder and oesophageal cancers. At present, the clinical significance, expression pattern and biological function of PSCA in gastric cancer (GC) are still unclear. Methods: Previously, we used cDNA microarray as a screening tool to compare GC tissues with its matched normal gastric mucosa tissues (MNGT), and obtained the differentially expressed genes of the two tissue types. PSCA is one of the genes significantly down-regulated in GC tissues. In this study, we detected the expression of PSCA in GC tissues and MNGT by western-blot experiment and immunohistochemical staining (IHC). Then the relationship between the expression pattern of PSCA and the clinicopathological characteristics and survival in GC was analyzed. In order to further study the function of PSCA in GC, lentivirus was used to construct stable cell lines with knockdown and overexpression of PSCA gene. We used AGS and MKN45 cell lines for plasmid transfection. Colony formation assay, MTS and nude mice xenograft model were performed to investigate the effect of PSCA in GC. Results: Western-blot and IHC assays demonstrated that the expression of PSCA in GC tissues was significantly lower than that in the MNGT. PSCA expression in GC tissues was high in 252 (57.5%) and low in 186 (42.5%) of 438 patients. PSCA expression for MNGT was high in 273 (62.3%) and low in 165 (37.7%) of 438 patients. PSCA expression was significantly associated with T classification (P=0.024), N classification (P=0.018) and TNM stage (P=0.019) using χ2 test. The relationship between PSCA expression level and patient survival was analysed using Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test. Low levels of PSCA expression were significantly associated with a poorer OS than high expression levels of PSCA (P=0.011). In the COX regression analysis of OS, all 9 variables in the univariate analysis were significantly correlated with OS (P<0.05), while the variables found to be independently correlated with OS in the multivariate analysis were PSCA expression (P=0.036), age (P<0.001), gender (P=0.007), and TNM stage (P<0.001), respectively. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that PSCA was an independent prognostic factor for OS in GC. In vitro MTS cell proliferation experiment and clonal formation experiment and in vivo nude mouse subcutaneous tumorigenesis experiment all proved that knockdown of PSCA gene can improve the proliferation ability of GC cells, while in vitro experiment proved that overexpression of PSCA can reduce the proliferation ability of GC cells.It was found that knockdown of PSCA gene can improve the proliferation ability of GC cells both in vitro and in vivo, while overexpression of PSCA can reduce the proliferation ability of GC cells in vitro. Conclusion: Our study showed that the expression of PSCA gene was decreased in GC, which was related to more advanced pathological stages. And the expression level of PSCA in GC was an independent good prognostic factor. PSCA gene had the function of inhibiting GC proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Pu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hai-Bo Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shu-Qiang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yong-Ming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ying-Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China.,Department of Gastric Surgery, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, China
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Bäck TA, Jennbacken K, Hagberg Thulin M, Lindegren S, Jensen H, Olafsen T, Yazaki PJ, Palm S, Albertsson P, Damber JE, Wu AM, Welén K. Targeted alpha therapy with astatine-211-labeled anti-PSCA A11 minibody shows antitumor efficacy in prostate cancer xenografts and bone microtumors. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:10. [PMID: 32048062 PMCID: PMC7013029 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-0600-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Targeted alpha therapy (TAT) is a promising treatment for micrometastatic and minimal residual cancer. We evaluated systemic α-radioimmunotherapy (α-RIT) of metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) using the α-particle emitter 211At-labeled to the anti-PSCA A11 minibody. A11 is specific for prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA), a cell surface glycoprotein which is overexpressed in more than 90% of both localized prostate cancer and bone metastases. METHODS PC3-PSCA cells were implanted subcutaneously (s.c.) and intratibially (i.t) in nude mice. Efficacy of α-RIT (two fractions-14-day interval) was studied on s.c. macrotumors (0, 1.5 and 1.9 MBq) and on i.t. microtumors (~100-200 μm; 0, 0.8 or 1.5 MBq) by tumor-volume measurements. The injected activities for therapies were estimated from separate biodistribution and myelotoxicity studies. RESULTS Tumor targeting of 211At-A11 was efficient and the effect on s.c. macrotumors was strong and dose-dependent. At 6 weeks, the mean tumor volumes for the treated groups, compared with controls, were reduced by approximately 85%. The separate myelotoxicity study following one single fraction showed reduced white blood cells (WBC) for all treated groups on day 6 after treatment. For the 0.8 and 1.5 MBq, the WBC reductions were transient and followed by recovery at day 13. For 2.4 MBq, a clear toxicity was observed and the mice were sacrificed on day 7. In the long-term follow-up of the 0.8 and 1.5 MBq-groups, blood counts on day 252 were normal and no signs of radiotoxicity observed. Efficacy on i.t. microtumors was evaluated in two experiments. In experiment 1, the tumor-free fraction (TFF) was 95% for both treated groups and significantly different (p < 0.05) from the controls at a TFF of 66%). In experiment 2, the difference in TFF was smaller, 32% for the treated group versus 20% for the controls. However, the difference in microtumor volume in experiment 2 was highly significant, 0.010 ± 0.003 mm3 versus 3.79 ± 1.24 mm3 (treated versus controls, respectively), i.e., a 99.7% reduction (p < 0.001). The different outcome in experiment 1 and 2 is most likely due to differences in microtumor sizes at therapy, or higher tumor-take in experiment 2 (where more cells were implanted). CONCLUSION Evaluating fractionated α-RIT with 211At-labeled anti-PSCA A11 minibody, we found clear growth inhibition on both macrotumors and intratibial microtumors. For mice treated with multiple fractions, we also observed radiotoxicity manifested by progressive loss in body weight at 30 to 90 days after treatment. Our findings are conceptually promising for a systemic TAT of mCRPC and warrant further investigations of 211At-labeled PSCA-directed vectors. Such studies should include methods to improve the therapeutic window, e.g., by implementing a pretargeted regimen of α-RIT or by altering the size of the targeting vector.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tom A Bäck
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gula stråket 2B SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Karin Jennbacken
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Bioscience Cardiovascular, Early Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolism, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin Hagberg Thulin
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Sture Lindegren
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gula stråket 2B SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Holger Jensen
- PET and Cyclotron Unit, KF-3982, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tove Olafsen
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Paul J Yazaki
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Stig Palm
- Department of Radiation Physics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gula stråket 2B SE-413 45, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Per Albertsson
- Department of Oncology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Oncology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Region Västra Götaland, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan-Erik Damber
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anna M Wu
- Department of Molecular Imaging and Therapy, Beckman Research Institute of the City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA
| | - Karin Welén
- Department of Urology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Cancer Center, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Prokhnevska N, Emerson DA, Kissick HT, Redmond WL. Immunological Complexity of the Prostate Cancer Microenvironment Influences the Response to Immunotherapy. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2020; 1210:121-147. [PMID: 31900908 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-32656-2_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers in men and a leading cause of cancer-related death. Recent advances in the treatment of advanced prostate cancer, including the use of more potent and selective inhibitors of the androgen signaling pathway, have provided significant clinical benefit for men with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). However, most patients develop progressive lethal disease, highlighting the need for more effective treatments. One such approach is immunotherapy, which harness the power of the patient's immune system to identify and destroy cancer cells through the activation of cytotoxic CD8 T cells specific for tumor antigens. Although immunotherapy, particularly checkpoint blockade, can induce significant clinical responses in patients with solid tumors or hematological malignancies, minimal efficacy has been observed in men with mCRPC. In the current review, we discuss our current understanding of the immunological complexity of the immunosuppressive prostate cancer microenvironment, preclinical models of prostate cancer, and recent advances in immunotherapy clinical trials to improve outcomes for men with mCRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dana A Emerson
- Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA.,Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
| | | | - William L Redmond
- Earle A. Chiles Research Institute, Providence Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA.
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Nassir AM. A piece in prostate cancer puzzle: Future perspective of novel molecular signatures. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1148-1154. [PMID: 32256177 PMCID: PMC7105665 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2019] [Revised: 01/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate cancer (PCa) has a variable biological potential. It constitutes the second most common cancer amongst men worldwide and the fifth most common cancer in Saudi Arabia. Identifying men at higher risk of developing PCa, differentiating indolent from aggressive disease and predicting the likelihood of progression will improve decision-making and selection for active surveillance protocols. Biomarkers have been utilized for PCa screening and predicting cancer behavior and response to treatment. The prostate specific antigen (PSA) screening helps detect PCa in early stages, while implementing a plan for management and outcome. However, PSA screening is still controversial, due to the risks of over diagnosis and treatment, and its inability to detect a good proportion of advanced tumors. Alternatively, a new era of PCa biomarkers has emerged with higher PCa specificity than PSA and its isoforms hopefully improving screening methods, such as Prostate Health Index (PHI) score, Progensa Prostate Cancer Antigen 3 (PCA3), Mi-Prostate Score (MiPS), Prostate Stem Cell Antigen (PSCA), 4Kscore test, and Urokinase Plasminogen Activation (uPA and uPAR). Few novel biomarkers have shown promise in preliminary results. This review will display promising biomarkers including some important FDA approved ones, highlighting their clinical implication and future place in the PCa puzzle, along with addressing their current limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anmar M Nassir
- Department of Surgery, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Urology, King Abdullah Medical City, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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