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Scheller J, Ettich J, Wittich C, Pudewell S, Floss DM, Rafii P. Exploring the landscape of synthetic IL-6-type cytokines. FEBS J 2024; 291:2030-2050. [PMID: 37467060 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokines not only have key immunomodulatory functions that affect the pathogenesis of diseases such as autoimmune diseases, chronic inflammatory conditions, and cancer, but also fulfill important homeostatic tasks. Even though the pro-inflammatory arm has hindered the development of therapeutics based on natural-like IL-6-type cytokines to date, current synthetic trends might pave the way to overcome these limitations and eventually lead to immune-inert designer cytokines to aid type 2 diabetes and brain injuries. Those synthetic biology approaches include mutations, fusion proteins, and inter-cytokine swapping, and resulted in IL-6-type cytokines with altered receptor affinities, extended target cell profiles, and targeting of non-natural cytokine receptor complexes. Here, we survey synthetic cytokine developments within the IL-6-type cytokine family and discuss potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Scheller
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Julia Ettich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Christoph Wittich
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Silke Pudewell
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Doreen M Floss
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Puyan Rafii
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology II, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine-University, Düsseldorf, Germany
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Sims NA, Lévesque JP. Oncostatin M: Dual Regulator of the Skeletal and Hematopoietic Systems. Curr Osteoporos Rep 2024; 22:80-95. [PMID: 38198032 PMCID: PMC10912291 DOI: 10.1007/s11914-023-00837-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF THE REVIEW The bone and hematopoietic tissues coemerge during development and are functionally intertwined throughout mammalian life. Oncostatin M (OSM) is an inflammatory cytokine of the interleukin-6 family produced by osteoblasts, bone marrow macrophages, and neutrophils. OSM acts via two heterodimeric receptors comprising GP130 with either an OSM receptor (OSMR) or a leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR). OSMR is expressed on osteoblasts, mesenchymal, and endothelial cells and mice deficient for the Osm or Osmr genes have both bone and blood phenotypes illustrating the importance of OSM and OSMR in regulating these two intertwined tissues. RECENT FINDINGS OSM regulates bone mass through signaling via OSMR, adaptor protein SHC1, and transducer STAT3 to both stimulate osteoclast formation and promote osteoblast commitment; the effect on bone formation is also supported by action through LIFR. OSM produced by macrophages is an important inducer of neurogenic heterotopic ossifications in peri-articular muscles following spinal cord injury. OSM produced by neutrophils in the bone marrow induces hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell proliferation in an indirect manner via OSMR expressed by bone marrow stromal and endothelial cells that form hematopoietic stem cell niches. OSM acts as a brake to therapeutic hematopoietic stem cell mobilization in response to G-CSF and CXCR4 antagonist plerixafor. Excessive OSM production by macrophages in the bone marrow is a key contributor to poor hematopoietic stem cell mobilization (mobilopathy) in people with diabetes. OSM and OSMR may also play important roles in the progression of several cancers. It is increasingly clear that OSM plays unique roles in regulating the maintenance and regeneration of bone, hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, inflammation, and skeletal muscles. Dysregulated OSM production can lead to bone pathologies, defective muscle repair and formation of heterotopic ossifications in injured muscles, suboptimal mobilization of hematopoietic stem cells, exacerbated inflammatory responses, and anti-tumoral immunity. Ongoing research will establish whether neutralizing antibodies or cytokine traps may be useful to correct pathologies associated with excessive OSM production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie A Sims
- St. Vincent's Institute of Medical Research, 9 Princes St, Fitzroy, VIC, Australia
- Melbourne Medical School, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jean-Pierre Lévesque
- Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute - The University of Queensland, 37 Kent Street, Woolloongabba, QLD, Australia.
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Widjaja AA, Cook SA. Nonspecific Inhibition of IL6 Family Cytokine Signalling by Soluble gp130. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1363. [PMID: 38338642 PMCID: PMC10855816 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
IL6 is a proinflammatory cytokine that binds to membrane-bound IL6 receptor (IL6R) or soluble IL6R to signal via gp130 in cis or trans, respectively. We tested the hypothesis that sgp130Fc, which is believed to be a selective IL6 trans-signalling inhibitor, is in fact a non-specific inhibitor of gp130 signalling. In human cancer and primary cells, sgp130Fc inhibited IL6, IL11, OSM and CT1 cis-signalling. The IC50 values of sgp130Fc for IL6 and OSM cis-signalling were markedly (20- to 200-fold) lower than the concentrations of sgp130Fc used in mouse studies and clinical trials. sgp130 inhibited IL6 and OSM signalling in the presence of an ADAM10/17 inhibitor and the absence of soluble IL6R or OSMR, with effects that were indistinguishable from those of a gp130 neutralising antibody. These data show that sgp130Fc does not exclusively block IL6 trans-signalling and reveal instead that broad inhibition of gp130 signalling likely underlies its therapeutic effects. This proposes global or modular inhibition of gp130 as a therapeutic approach for treating human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anissa A. Widjaja
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
| | - Stuart A. Cook
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, 8 College Road, Singapore 169857, Singapore
- National Heart Centre Singapore, National Heart Research Institute Singapore, Singapore 169609, Singapore
- MRC-London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London W6 8RF, UK
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Chen YH, van Zon S, Adams A, Schmidt-Arras D, Laurence ADJ, Uhlig HH. The Human GP130 Cytokine Receptor and Its Expression-an Atlas and Functional Taxonomy of Genetic Variants. J Clin Immunol 2023; 44:30. [PMID: 38133879 PMCID: PMC10746620 DOI: 10.1007/s10875-023-01603-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Genetic variants in IL6ST encoding the shared cytokine receptor for the IL-6 cytokine family GP130 have been associated with a diverse number of clinical phenotypes and disorders. We provide a molecular classification for 59 reported rare IL6ST pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants and additional polymorphisms. Based on loss- or gain-of-function, cytokine selectivity, mono- and biallelic associations, and variable cellular mosaicism, we grade six classes of IL6ST variants and explore the potential for additional variants. We classify variants according to the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics criteria. Loss-of-function variants with (i) biallelic complete loss of GP130 function that presents with extended Stüve-Wiedemann Syndrome; (ii) autosomal recessive hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) caused by biallelic; and (iii) autosomal dominant HIES caused by monoallelic IL6ST variants both causing selective IL-6 and IL-11 cytokine loss-of-function defects; (iv) a biallelic cytokine-specific variant that exclusively impairs IL-11 signaling, associated with craniosynostosis and tooth abnormalities; (v) somatic monoallelic mosaic constitutively active gain-of-function variants in hepatocytes that present with inflammatory hepatocellular adenoma; and (vi) mosaic constitutively active gain-of-function variants in hematopoietic and non-hematopoietic cells that are associated with an immune dysregulation syndrome. In addition to Mendelian IL6ST coding variants, there are common non-coding cis-acting variants that modify gene expression, which are associated with an increased risk of complex immune-mediated disorders and trans-acting variants that affect GP130 protein function. Our taxonomy highlights IL6ST as a gene with particularly strong functional and phenotypic diversity due to the combinatorial biology of the IL-6 cytokine family and predicts additional genotype-phenotype associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin-Huai Chen
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Sarah van Zon
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Alex Adams
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Department of Biosciences and Medical Biology, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Holm H Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Schwartz LS, Saxl RL, Stearns T, Trowbridge JJ. Characterization of an Osmr Conditional Knockout Mouse Model. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.10.27.564474. [PMID: 37961653 PMCID: PMC10634921 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.27.564474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines and has been found to have distinct anti-inflammatory and pro-inflammatory properties in various cellular and disease contexts. OSM signals through two receptor complexes, one of which includes OSMRβ. To investigate OSM-OSMRβ signaling in adult hematopoiesis, we utilized the readily available conditional Osmrfl/fl mouse model B6;129-Osmrtm1.1Nat/J, which is poorly characterized in the literature. This model contains loxP sites flanking exon 2 of the Osmr gene. We crossed Osmrfl/fl mice to interferon-inducible Mx1-Cre, which is robustly induced in adult hematopoietic cells. We observed complete recombination of the Osmrfl allele and loss of exon 2 in hematopoietic (bone marrow) as well as non-hematopoietic (liver, lung, kidney) tissues. Using a TaqMan assay with probes downstream of exon 2, Osmr transcript was lower in the kidney but equivalent in bone marrow, lung, and liver from Osmrfl/fl Mx1-Cre versus Mx1-Cre control mice, suggesting that transcript is being produced despite loss of this exon. Western blots show that liver cells from Osmrfl/fl Mx1-Cre mice had complete loss of OSMR protein, while bone marrow, kidney, and lung cells had reduced OSMR protein at varying levels. RNA-seq analysis of a subpopulation of bone marrow cells (hematopoietic stem cells) finds that some OSM-stimulated genes, but not all, are suppressed in Osmrfl/fl Mx1-Cre cells. Together, our data suggest that the B6;129-Osmrtm1.1Nat/J model should be utilized with caution as loss of Osmr exon 2 has variable and tissue-dependent impact on mRNA and protein expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Logan S. Schwartz
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
- School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | - Jennifer J. Trowbridge
- The Jackson Laboratory, Bar Harbor, ME, USA
- School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
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Kleuskens MTA, Bek MK, Al Halabi Y, Blokhuis BRJ, Diks MAP, Haasnoot ML, Garssen J, Bredenoord AJ, van Esch BCAM, Redegeld FA. Mast cells disrupt the function of the esophageal epithelial barrier. Mucosal Immunol 2023; 16:567-577. [PMID: 37302713 DOI: 10.1016/j.mucimm.2023.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mast cells (MCs) accumulate in the epithelium of patients with eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE), an inflammatory disorder characterized by extensive esophageal eosinophilic infiltration. Esophageal barrier dysfunction plays an important role in the pathophysiology of EoE. We hypothesized that MCs contribute to the observed impaired esophageal epithelial barrier. Herein, we demonstrate that coculture of differentiated esophageal epithelial cells with immunoglobulin E-activated MCs significanly decreased epithelial resistance by 30% and increased permeability by 22% compared with non-activated MCs. These changes were associated with decreased messenger RNA expression of barrier proteins filaggrin, desmoglein-1 and involucrin, and antiprotease serine peptidase inhibitor kazal type 7. Using targeted proteomics, we detected various cytokines in coculture supernatants, most notably granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and oncostatin M (OSM). OSM expression was increased by 12-fold in active EoE and associated with MC marker genes. Furthermore, OSM receptor-expressing esophageal epithelial cells were found in the esophageal tissue of patients with EoE, suggesting that the epithelial cells may respond to OSM. Stimulation of esophageal epithelial cells with OSM resulted in a dose-dependent decrease in barrier function and expression of filaggrin and desmoglein-1 and an increase in protease calpain-14. Taken together, these data suggest a role for MCs in decreasing esophageal epithelial barrier function in EoE, which may in part be mediated by OSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirelle T A Kleuskens
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Marie K Bek
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Youmna Al Halabi
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Bart R J Blokhuis
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Mara A P Diks
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Maria L Haasnoot
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Garssen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Albert J Bredenoord
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, location AMC, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Betty C A M van Esch
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Danone Nutricia Research, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Frank A Redegeld
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Science, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Wolf CL, Pruett C, Lighter D, Jorcyk CL. The clinical relevance of OSM in inflammatory diseases: a comprehensive review. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1239732. [PMID: 37841259 PMCID: PMC10570509 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1239732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in a variety of inflammatory responses such as wound healing, liver regeneration, and bone remodeling. As a member of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family of cytokines, OSM binds the shared receptor gp130, recruits either OSMRβ or LIFRβ, and activates a variety of signaling pathways including the JAK/STAT, MAPK, JNK, and PI3K/AKT pathways. Since its discovery in 1986, OSM has been identified as a significant contributor to a multitude of inflammatory diseases, including arthritis, inflammatory bowel disease, lung and skin disease, cardiovascular disease, and most recently, COVID-19. Additionally, OSM has also been extensively studied in the context of several cancer types including breast, cervical, ovarian, testicular, colon and gastrointestinal, brain,lung, skin, as well as other cancers. While OSM has been recognized as a significant contributor for each of these diseases, and studies have shown OSM inhibition is effective at treating or reducing symptoms, very few therapeutics have succeeded into clinical trials, and none have yet been approved by the FDA for treatment. In this review, we outline the role OSM plays in a variety of inflammatory diseases, including cancer, and outline the previous and current strategies for developing an inhibitor for OSM signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody L. Wolf
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Clyde Pruett
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Darren Lighter
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
| | - Cheryl L. Jorcyk
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID, United States
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8
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Münz S, Feger M, Föller M. Oncostatin M is a regulator of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in UMR106 osteoblast-like cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:8420. [PMID: 37225713 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34858-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Renal phosphate and vitamin D metabolism is under the control of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), an endocrine and paracrine factor predominantly produced in bone. FGF23 formation is stimulated by active vitamin D, or parathyroid hormone (PTH), which are further regulators of phosphate homeostasis. In renal, inflammatory, and other diseases, plasma FGF23 reflects disease stage and correlates with outcome. Oncostatin M is part of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) family and regulates remodeling and PTH effects in bone as well as cardiac FGF23 production in heart failure via glycoprotein gp130. Here, we studied whether oncostatin M is a regulator of FGF23 in bone cells. Experiments were performed in UMR106 osteoblast-like cells, Fgf23 mRNA was determined by qRT-PCR, FGF23 protein by Western Blotting and ELISA, and oncostatin M receptor and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor gene knockout accomplished by siRNA. As a result, oncostatin M dose-dependently up-regulated Fgf23 expression and protein secretion. The oncostatin M effect on FGF23 was mediated by oncostatin M receptor and gp130 and involved, at least in part, STAT3 and MEK1/2. Taken together, oncostatin M is a regulator of FGF23 through oncostatin M receptor, gp130, as well as STAT3 and MEK1/2 in UMR106 osteoblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sina Münz
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Martina Feger
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Michael Föller
- Department of Physiology, University of Hohenheim, Stuttgart, Germany.
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Tejedor S, Buigues M, González-King H, Silva AM, García NA, Dekker N, Sepúlveda P. Oncostatin M-Enriched Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells Prevent Isoproterenol-Induced Fibrosis and Enhance Angiogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076467. [PMID: 37047440 PMCID: PMC10095085 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial fibrosis is a pathological hallmark of cardiac dysfunction. Oncostatin M (OSM) is a pleiotropic cytokine that can promote fibrosis in different organs after sustained exposure. However, OSM released by macrophages during cardiac fibrosis suppresses cardiac fibroblast activation by modulating transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) expression and extracellular matrix deposition. Small extracellular vesicles (SEVs) from mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are being investigated to treat myocardial infarction, using different strategies to bolster their therapeutic ability. Here, we generated TERT-immortalized human MSC cell lines (MSC-T) engineered to overexpress two forms of cleavage-resistant OSM fused to CD81TM (OSM-SEVs), which allows the display of the cytokine at the surface of secreted SEVs. The therapeutic potential of OSM-SEVs was assessed in vitro using human cardiac ventricular fibroblasts (HCF-Vs) activated by TGF-β1. Compared with control SEVs, OSM-loaded SEVs reduced proliferation in HCF-V and blunted telo-collagen expression. When injected intraperitoneally into mice treated with isoproterenol, OSM-loaded SEVs reduced fibrosis, prevented cardiac hypertrophy, and increased angiogenesis. Overall, we demonstrate that the enrichment of functional OSM on the surface of MSC-T-SEVs increases their potency in terms of anti-fibrotic and pro-angiogenic properties, which opens new perspectives for this novel biological product in cell-free-based therapies.
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Cloning, expression, purification, and immunoblotting analysis of recombinant type III fibronectin domains of human oncostatin M receptor. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4735-4741. [PMID: 36929287 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08366-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human oncostatin M receptor subunit , commonly known as the oncostatin M receptor (OSMR), is a cell surface protein and belongs to the family of type I cytokine receptors. It is highly expressed in several cancers and is a potential therapeutic target. Structurally, OSMR consists of three major domains: the extracellular, transmembrane, and cytoplasmic domains. The extracellular domain further comprises four Type III fibronectin subdomains. The functional relevance of these type III fibronectin domains is not known yet, and it is of great interest to us to understand their role in OSMR-mediated interactions with other oncogenic proteins. METHODS & RESULTS The four type III fibronectin domains of hOSMR were amplified by PCR using the pUNO1-hOSMR construct as a template. The molecular size of the amplified products was confirmed by agarose gel electrophoresis. The amplicons were then cloned into a pGEX4T3 vector containing GST as an N-terminal tag. Positive clones with domain inserts were identified by restriction digestion and overexpressed in E. coli Rosetta (DE3) cells. The optimum conditions for overexpression were found to be 1 mM IPTG and an incubation temperature of 37 °C. The overexpression of the fibronectin domains was confirmed by SDS-PAGE, and they are affinity purified by using glutathione agarose beads in three repetitive steps. The purity of the isolated domains analyzed by SDS-PAGE and western blotting showed that they were exactly at their corresponding molecular weights as a single distinct band. CONCLUSION In this study, we have successfully cloned, expressed, and purified four Type III fibronectin subdomains of hOSMR.
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Oncostatin M Receptor Type II Knockout Mitigates Inflammation and Improves Survival from Sepsis in Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020483. [PMID: 36831019 PMCID: PMC9953488 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Oncostatin M (OSM), an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine, can be found at high levels in septic patients. However, little is known about its role in sepsis. This study aimed to determine if the genetic knockout of OSM receptor (OSMR) type II signaling would improve survival in a murine model of sepsis. Aged (>50 weeks) OSMR type II knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) littermates received an intraperitoneal injection of fecal slurry (FS) or vehicle. The KO mice had better survival 48 h after the injection of FS than the WT mice (p = 0.005). Eighteen hours post-FS injection, the KO mice had reduced peritoneal, serum, and tissue cytokine levels (including IL-1β, IL-6, TNFα, KG/GRO, and IL-10) compared to the WT mice (p < 0.001 for all). Flow cytometry revealed decreased recruitment of CD11b+ F4/80+ Ly6chigh+ macrophages in the peritoneum of KO mice compared to WT mice (34 ± 6 vs. 4 ± 3%, PInt = 0.005). Isolated peritoneal macrophages from aged KO mice had better live E. coli killing capacity than those from WT mice (p < 0.001). Peritoneal lavage revealed greater bacterial counts in KO mice than in WT mice (KO: 305 ± 22 vs. 116 ± 6 CFU (×109)/mL; p < 0.001). In summary, deficiency in OSMR type II receptor signaling provided a survival benefit in the progression of sepsis. This coincided with reduced serum levels of pro-inflammatory (IL-1β, TNFα, and KC/GRO) and anti-inflammatory markers (IL-10), increased bacterial killing ability of macrophages, and reduced macrophage infiltration into to site of infection.
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12
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Rankouhi TR, Keulen DV, Tempel D, Venhorst J. Oncostatin M: Risks and Benefits of a Novel Therapeutic Target for Atherosclerosis. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1345-1369. [PMID: 35959619 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220811101032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of death worldwide. It is predicted that approximately 23.6 million people will die from CVDs annually by 2030. Therefore, there is a great need for an effective therapeutic approach to combat this disease. The European Cardiovascular Target Discovery (CarTarDis) consortium identified Oncostatin M (OSM) as a potential therapeutic target for atherosclerosis. The benefits of modulating OSM - an interleukin (IL)-6 family cytokine - have since been studied for multiple indications. However, as decades of high attrition rates have stressed, the success of a drug target is determined by the fine balance between benefits and the risk of adverse events. Safety issues should therefore not be overlooked. OBJECTIVE In this review, a risk/benefit analysis is performed on OSM inhibition in the context of atherosclerosis treatment. First, OSM signaling characteristics and its role in atherosclerosis are described. Next, an overview of in vitro, in vivo, and clinical findings relating to both the benefits and risks of modulating OSM in major organ systems is provided. Based on OSM's biological function and expression profile as well as drug intervention studies, safety concerns of inhibiting this target have been identified, assessed, and ranked for the target population. CONCLUSION While OSM may be of therapeutic value in atherosclerosis, drug development should also focus on de-risking the herein identified major safety concerns: tissue remodeling, angiogenesis, bleeding, anemia, and NMDA- and glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. Close monitoring and/or exclusion of patients with various comorbidities may be required for optimal therapeutic benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanja Rouhani Rankouhi
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle van Keulen
- SkylineDx BV, Science and Clinical Development, 3062 ME Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dennie Tempel
- SkylineDx BV, Science and Clinical Development, 3062 ME Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jennifer Venhorst
- Department of Risk Analysis for Products in Development, TNO, Utrechtseweg 48, 3704 HE, Zeist, The Netherlands
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Soman A, Asha Nair S. Unfolding the cascade of SERPINA3: Inflammation to cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2022; 1877:188760. [PMID: 35843512 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2022.188760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
SERine Protease INhibitor clade A member 3 (SERPINA3), a member of the SERine-Protease INhibitor (SERPIN) superfamily, principally works as a protease inhibitor in maintaining cellular homeostasis. It is a matricellular acute-phase glycoprotein that appears to be the sole nuclear-binding secretory serpin. Several studies have emerged in recent years demonstrating its link to cancer and disease biology. SERPINA3 seems to have cancer- and compartment-specific biological functions, acting either as a tumour promoter or suppressor in different cancers. However, the localization, mechanism of action and the effectors of SERPINA3 in physiological and pathological scenarios remain obscure. Our review aims to consolidate the current evidence of SERPINA3 in various cancers, highlighting its association with the cancer hallmarks and ratifying its status as an emerging cancer biomarker. The elucidation of SERPINA3-mediated cancer progression and its targeting might shed light on the realm of cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjana Soman
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India; Research Centre, University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - S Asha Nair
- Cancer Research Program 4, Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, India.
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14
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Development and characterization of a novel mouse anti-canine oncostatin M receptor beta monoclonal antibody. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 614:114-119. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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15
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McCollum S, Kalivas A, Kirkham M, Kunz K, Okojie J, Pavek A, Barrott J. Oncostatin M Receptor as a Therapeutic Target for Radioimmune Therapy in Synovial Sarcoma. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060650. [PMID: 35745569 PMCID: PMC9228444 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a pediatric muscle cancer that primarily affects adolescents and young adults and has few treatment options. Complicating the treatment of synovial sarcoma is the low mutational burden of SS. Inflammatory pathways have been identified as being upregulated in some SS, leading to the discovery of upregulated oncostatin M receptor (OSMR). It was found that OSMR is upregulated in SS by RNAseq analysis and quantitative PCR, highlighting its potential in the treatment of SS. Also, OSMR is upregulated in mouse models for synovial sarcoma as demonstrated by western blot and immunohistochemistry, and the protein is present in both primary and metastatic sites of disease. Using a radioimmune therapy drug model, targeted therapy was synthesized for use in OSMR expressing SS and it was demonstrated that this drug is stable, while capable of efficient OSMR binding and isotope capture. Finally, this antibody conjugate exhibited ideal pharmacokinetics and targeted sites of disease in our mouse model and was taken up in both primary and metastatic diseased tissue. This suggests OSMR as an ideal target for therapy and this radioimmune therapy provides a novel treatment option for a disease with few therapy choices.
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16
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Oncostatin M Induces Lipolysis and Suppresses Insulin Response in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094689. [PMID: 35563078 PMCID: PMC9104719 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM) is an immune cell-derived cytokine that is upregulated in adipose tissue in obesity. Upon binding its receptor (OSMR), OSM induces the phosphorylation of the p66 subunit of Src homology 2 domain-containing transforming protein 1 (SHC1), called p66Shc, and activates the extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK) pathway. Mice with adipocyte-specific OSMR deletion (OsmrFKO) are insulin resistant and exhibit adipose tissue inflammation, suggesting that intact adipocyte OSM–OSMR signaling is necessary for maintaining adipose tissue health. How OSM affects specific adipocyte functions is still unclear. Here, we examined the effects of OSM on adipocyte lipolysis. We treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with OSM, insulin, and/or inhibitors of SHC1 and ERK and measured glycerol release. We also measured phosphorylation of p66Shc, ERK, and insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS1) and the expression of lipolysis-associated genes in OSM-exposed 3T3-L1 adipocytes and primary adipocytes from control and OsmrFKO mice. We found that OSM induces adipocyte lipolysis via a p66Shc-ERK pathway and inhibits the suppression of lipolysis by insulin. Further, OSM induces phosphorylation of inhibitory IRS1 residues. We conclude that OSM is a stimulator of lipolysis and inhibits adipocyte insulin response. Future studies will determine how these roles of OSM affect adipose tissue function in health and disease.
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17
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de Souza PPC, Henning P, Lerner UH. Stimulation of Osteoclast Formation by Oncostatin M and the Role of WNT16 as a Negative Feedback Regulator. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23063287. [PMID: 35328707 PMCID: PMC8953253 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23063287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM), which belongs to the IL-6 family of cytokines, is the most potent and effective stimulator of osteoclast formation in this family, as assessed by different in vitro assays. Osteoclastogenesis induced by the IL-6 type of cytokines is mediated by the induction and paracrine stimulation of the osteoclastogenic cytokine receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand (RANKL), expressed on osteoblast cell membranes and targeting the receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B (RANK) on osteoclast progenitor cells. The potent effect of OSM on osteoclastogenesis is due to an unusually robust induction of RANKL in osteoblasts through the OSM receptor (OSMR), mediated by a JAK-STAT/MAPK signaling pathway and by unique recruitment of the adapter protein Shc1 to the OSMR. Gene deletion of Osmr in mice results in decreased numbers of osteoclasts and enhanced trabecular bone caused by increased trabecular thickness, indicating that OSM may play a role in physiological regulation of bone remodeling. However, increased amounts of OSM, either through administration of recombinant protein or of adenoviral vectors expressing Osm, results in enhanced bone mass due to increased bone formation without any clear sign of increased osteoclast numbers, a finding which can be reconciled by cell culture experiments demonstrating that OSM can induce osteoblast differentiation and stimulate mineralization of bone nodules in such cultures. Thus, in vitro studies and gene deletion experiments show that OSM is a stimulator of osteoclast formation, whereas administration of OSM to mice shows that OSM is not a strong stimulator of osteoclastogenesis in vivo when administered to adult animals. These observations could be explained by our recent finding showing that OSM is a potent stimulator of the osteoclastogenesis inhibitor WNT16, acting in a negative feedback loop to reduce OSM-induced osteoclast formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro P. C. de Souza
- The Innovation in Biomaterials Laboratory, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74690-900, Brazil;
| | - Petra Henning
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
| | - Ulf H. Lerner
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Osteoporosis Centre and Centre for Bone and Arthritis Research at the Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +46-(0)70-651-91-03
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18
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Omokehinde T, Jotte A, Johnson RW. gp130 Cytokines Activate Novel Signaling Pathways and Alter Bone Dissemination in ER+ Breast Cancer Cells. J Bone Miner Res 2022; 37:185-201. [PMID: 34477239 PMCID: PMC8828687 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.4430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer cells frequently home to the bone marrow, where they encounter signals that promote survival and quiescence or stimulate their proliferation. The interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokines signal through the co-receptor glycoprotein130 (gp130) and are abundantly secreted within the bone microenvironment. Breast cancer cell expression of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) receptor (LIFR)/STAT3 signaling promotes tumor dormancy in the bone, but it is unclear which, if any of the cytokines that signal through LIFR, including LIF, oncostatin M (OSM), and ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), promote tumor dormancy and which signaling pathways are induced. We first confirmed that LIF, OSM, and CNTF and their receptor components were expressed across a panel of breast cancer cell lines, although expression was lower in estrogen receptor-negative (ER- ) bone metastatic clones compared with parental cell lines. In estrogen receptor-positive (ER+ ) cells, OSM robustly stimulated phosphorylation of known gp130 signaling targets STAT3, ERK, and AKT, while CNTF activated STAT3 signaling. In ER- breast cancer cells, OSM alone stimulated AKT and ERK signaling. Overexpression of OSM, but not CNTF, reduced dormancy gene expression and increased ER+ breast cancer bone dissemination. Reverse-phase protein array revealed distinct and overlapping pathways stimulated by OSM, LIF, and CNTF with known roles in breast cancer progression and metastasis. In breast cancer patients, downregulation of the cytokines or receptors was associated with reduced relapse-free survival, but OSM was significantly elevated in patients with invasive disease and distant metastasis. Together these data indicate that the gp130 cytokines induce multiple signaling cascades in breast cancer cells, with a potential pro-tumorigenic role for OSM and pro-dormancy role for CNTF. © 2021 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolu Omokehinde
- Graduate Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA.,Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Alec Jotte
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Rachelle W Johnson
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.,Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
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19
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Liu NQ, Lin Y, Li L, Lu J, Geng D, Zhang J, Jashashvili T, Buser Z, Magallanes J, Tassey J, Shkhyan R, Sarkar A, Lopez N, Lee S, Lee Y, Wang L, Petrigliano FA, Van Handel B, Lyons K, Evseenko D. gp130/STAT3 signaling is required for homeostatic proliferation and anabolism in postnatal growth plate and articular chondrocytes. Commun Biol 2022; 5:64. [PMID: 35039652 PMCID: PMC8763901 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-02944-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth of long bones and vertebrae is maintained postnatally by a long-lasting pool of progenitor cells. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that regulate the output and maintenance of the cells that give rise to mature cartilage. Here we demonstrate that postnatal chondrocyte-specific deletion of a transcription factor Stat3 results in severely reduced proliferation coupled with increased hypertrophy, growth plate fusion, stunting and signs of progressive dysfunction of the articular cartilage. This effect is dimorphic, with females more strongly affected than males. Chondrocyte-specific deletion of the IL-6 family cytokine receptor gp130, which activates Stat3, phenocopied Stat3-deletion; deletion of Lifr, one of many co-receptors that signals through gp130, resulted in a milder phenotype. These data define a molecular circuit that regulates chondrogenic cell maintenance and output and reveals a pivotal positive function of IL-6 family cytokines in the skeletal system with direct implications for skeletal development and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Q. Liu
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Yucheng Lin
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China ,grid.263826.b0000 0004 1761 0489Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009 China
| | - Liangliang Li
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Jiangning Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211100 China
| | - Jinxiu Lu
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Dawei Geng
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166 China
| | - Jiankang Zhang
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.13291.380000 0001 0807 1581State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041 China
| | - Tea Jashashvili
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Radiology, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Zorica Buser
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Jenny Magallanes
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Jade Tassey
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Ruzanna Shkhyan
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Arijita Sarkar
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Noah Lopez
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Siyoung Lee
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Youngjoo Lee
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Liming Wang
- grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China ,grid.89957.3a0000 0000 9255 8984Institute of Digital Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210006 China
| | - Frank A. Petrigliano
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Ben Van Handel
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
| | - Karen Lyons
- grid.19006.3e0000 0000 9632 6718Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angles (UCLA), Los Angeles, CA USA
| | - Denis Evseenko
- grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of USC, University of Southern California (USC), Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA ,grid.42505.360000 0001 2156 6853Department of Stem Cell Research and Regenerative Medicine, USC, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA
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20
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Jakob L, Müller TA, Rassner M, Kleinfelder H, Veratti P, Mitschke J, Miething C, Oostendorp RAJ, Pfeifer D, Waterhouse M, Duyster J. Murine Oncostatin M Has Opposing Effects on the Proliferation of OP9 Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and NIH/3T3 Fibroblasts Signaling through the OSMR. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11649. [PMID: 34769079 PMCID: PMC8584221 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The IL-6 family cytokine Oncostatin M (OSM) is involved in cell development, growth, hematopoiesis, inflammation, and cancer. Intriguingly, OSM has proliferative and antiproliferative effects depending on the target cell. The molecular mechanisms underlying these opposing effects are not fully understood. Previously, we found OSM upregulation in different myeloproliferative syndromes. However, OSM receptor (OSMR) expression was detected on stromal cells but not the malignant cells themselves. In the present study, we, therefore, investigated the effect of murine OSM (mOSM) on proliferation in stromal and fibroblast cell lines. We found that mOSM impairs the proliferation of bone marrow (BM) stromal cells, whereas fibroblasts responded to mOSM with increased proliferation. When we set out to reveal the mechanisms underlying these opposing effects, we detected increased expression of the OSM receptors OSMR and LIFR in stromal cells. Interestingly, Osmr knockdown and Lifr overexpression attenuated the OSM-mediated effect on proliferation in both cell lines indicating that mOSM affected the proliferation signaling mainly through the OSMR. Furthermore, mOSM induced activation of the JAK-STAT, PI3K-AKT, and MAPK-ERK pathways in OP9 and NIH/3T3 cells with differences in total protein levels between the two cell lines. Our findings offer new insights into the regulation of proliferation by mOSM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Jakob
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Tony Andreas Müller
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
- Center for Integrated Oncology (CIO), Department I of Internal Medicine, Aachen-Bonn-Cologne-Duesseldorf, Excellence Cluster for Cellular Stress Response and Aging-Associated Diseases (CECAD), Center for Molecular Medicine Cologne (CMMC), University of Cologne (UoC), 50937 Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Rassner
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Helen Kleinfelder
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Pia Veratti
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Jan Mitschke
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Cornelius Miething
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Robert A. J. Oostendorp
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Technical University of Munich, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, 81675 Munich, Germany;
| | - Dietmar Pfeifer
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Miguel Waterhouse
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
| | - Justus Duyster
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Freiburg University Medical Center, Albert-Ludwigs-University of Freiburg, Hugstetter Str. 55, 79106 Freiburg, Germany; (L.J.); (T.A.M.); (M.R.); (H.K.); (P.V.); (J.M.); (C.M.); (D.P.); (M.W.)
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) and German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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21
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Martínez-Pérez C, Kay C, Meehan J, Gray M, Dixon JM, Turnbull AK. The IL6-like Cytokine Family: Role and Biomarker Potential in Breast Cancer. J Pers Med 2021; 11:1073. [PMID: 34834425 PMCID: PMC8624266 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11111073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
IL6-like cytokines are a family of regulators with a complex, pleiotropic role in both the healthy organism, where they regulate immunity and homeostasis, and in different diseases, including cancer. Here we summarise how these cytokines exert their effect through the shared signal transducer IL6ST (gp130) and we review the extensive evidence on the role that different members of this family play in breast cancer. Additionally, we discuss how the different cytokines, their related receptors and downstream effectors, as well as specific polymorphisms in these molecules, can serve as predictive or prognostic biomarkers with the potential for clinical application in breast cancer. Lastly, we also discuss how our increasing understanding of this complex signalling axis presents promising opportunities for the development or repurposing of therapeutic strategies against cancer and, specifically, breast neoplasms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martínez-Pérez
- Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Research Team, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (C.K.); (J.M.D.); (A.K.T.)
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Charlene Kay
- Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Research Team, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (C.K.); (J.M.D.); (A.K.T.)
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - James Meehan
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - Mark Gray
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
| | - J. Michael Dixon
- Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Research Team, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (C.K.); (J.M.D.); (A.K.T.)
| | - Arran K. Turnbull
- Breast Cancer Now Edinburgh Research Team, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH4 2XU, UK; (C.K.); (J.M.D.); (A.K.T.)
- Translational Oncology Research Group, MRC Institute of Genetics and Cancer, Western General Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH8 9YL, UK; (J.M.); (M.G.)
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22
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Verstockt S, Verstockt B, Machiels K, Vancamelbeke M, Ferrante M, Cleynen I, De Hertogh G, Vermeire S. Oncostatin M Is a Biomarker of Diagnosis, Worse Disease Prognosis, and Therapeutic Nonresponse in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2021; 27:1564-1575. [PMID: 33624092 PMCID: PMC8522791 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izab032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oncostatin M (OSM) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) and as a marker for nonresponsiveness to anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy. We further unraveled the potential of OSM and related receptors as markers of diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy response in IBD. METHODS We collected inflamed mucosal biopsies and serum from patients with Crohn disease (CD) and with ulcerative colitis: (1) newly diagnosed patients who were treatment-naïve, (2) patients initiating anti-TNF or (3) vedolizumab therapy, (4) postoperative patients with CD, and (5) multiple-affected families with IBD including unaffected first-degree relatives (FDRs). We measured the gene expression of mucosal OSM and its receptors OSMR/LIFR and co-receptor IL6ST, and the protein expression of serum OSM. Statistical significance was defined as P < 0.05. RESULTS Newly diagnosed patients showed significantly increased mucosal OSM/OSMR compared with control patients, with the highest enrichment for OSM (fold change [FC] >17.9). Likewise, ileal OSM/OSMR were significantly upregulated in postoperative recurrent CD. Serum OSM was increased in newly diagnosed patients and postoperative patients with recurrent CD (FC ≥ 2.6). In families with IBD, higher serum levels were observed in FDRs than in control families (FC = 2.2). Furthermore, elevated colonic OSM/OSMR (but not serum OSM) were associated with the early need for biologic therapy (FC ≥ 1.9), and higher OSM was also predictive of primary nonresponse to both anti-TNF and vedolizumab therapy (FC ≥ 2.4). Immunohistochemistry highlighted mucosal OSM expression in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS We found that OSM is a diagnostic biomarker in the tissue and serum not only of newly diagnosed patients with IBD and postoperative patients with recurrent CD but also of their FDRs. Higher colonic OSM levels are furthermore associated with poor prognosis and with primary nonresponse to biologic therapies. Therefore, OSM could guide clinical decision-making.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sare Verstockt
- Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Verstockt
- Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kathleen Machiels
- Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Maaike Vancamelbeke
- Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Marc Ferrante
- Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Isabelle Cleynen
- Laboratory for Complex Genetics, Department of Human Genetics, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Gert De Hertogh
- Department of Morphology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospitals, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Imaging and Pathology, Translational Cell and Tissue Research, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Séverine Vermeire
- Translational Research Center for GastroIntestinal Disorders, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Leuven, Belgium
- University Hospitals Leuven, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Leuven, Belgium
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Influences of the IL-6 cytokine family on bone structure and function. Cytokine 2021; 146:155655. [PMID: 34332274 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The IL-6 family of cytokines comprises a large group of cytokines that all act via the formation of a signaling complex that includes the glycoprotein 130 (gp130) receptor. Despite this, many of these cytokines have unique roles that regulate the activity of bone forming osteoblasts, bone resorbing osteoclasts, bone-resident osteocytes, and cartilage cells (chondrocytes). These include specific functions in craniofacial development, longitudinal bone growth, and the maintenance of trabecular and cortical bone structure, and have been implicated in musculoskeletal pathologies such as craniosynostosis, osteoporosis, rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, and heterotopic ossifications. This review will work systematically through each member of this family and provide an overview and an update on the expression patterns and functions of each of these cytokines in the skeleton, as well as their negative feedback pathways, particularly suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3). The specific cytokines described are interleukin 6 (IL-6), interleukin 11 (IL-11), oncostatin M (OSM), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), cardiotrophin 1 (CT-1), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), cardiotrophin-like cytokine factor 1 (CLCF1), neuropoietin, humanin and interleukin 27 (IL-27).
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Schmidt-Arras D, Rose-John S. Endosomes as Signaling Platforms for IL-6 Family Cytokine Receptors. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:688314. [PMID: 34141712 PMCID: PMC8204807 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.688314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is the name-giving cytokine of a family of eleven members, including IL-6, CNTF, LIF, and IL-27. IL-6 was first recognized as a B-cell stimulating factor but we now know that the cytokine plays a pivotal role in the orchestration of inflammatory processes as well as in inflammation associated cancer. Moreover, IL-6 is involved in metabolic regulation and it has been shown to be involved in major neural activities such as neuroprotection, which can help to repair and to reduce brain damage. Receptor complexes of all members formed at the plasma membrane contain one or two molecules of the signaling receptor subunit GP130 and the mechanisms of signal transduction are well understood. IL-6 type cytokines can also signal from endomembranes, in particular the endosome, and situations have been reported in which endocytosis of receptor complexes are a prerequisite of intracellular signaling. Moreover, pathogenic GP130 variants were shown to interfere with spatial activation of downstream signals. We here summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying spatial regulation of IL-6 family cytokine signaling and discuss its relevance for pathogenic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Schmidt-Arras
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Rose-John
- Institute of Biochemistry, Christian-Albrechts-University Kiel, Kiel, Germany
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25
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van Keulen D, van Koeverden ID, Boltjes A, Princen HMG, van Gool AJ, de Borst GJ, Asselbergs FW, Tempel D, Pasterkamp G, van der Laan SW. Common Variants Associated With OSMR Expression Contribute to Carotid Plaque Vulnerability, but Not to Cardiovascular Disease in Humans. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:658915. [PMID: 33959646 PMCID: PMC8093786 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.658915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Oncostatin M (OSM) signaling is implicated in atherosclerosis, however the mechanism remains unclear. We investigated the impact of common genetic variants in OSM and its receptors, OSMR and LIFR, on overall plaque vulnerability, plaque phenotype, intraplaque OSMR and LIFR expression, coronary artery calcification burden and cardiovascular disease susceptibility. Methods and Results: We queried Genotype-Tissue Expression data and found that rs13168867 (C allele) was associated with decreased OSMR expression and that rs10491509 (A allele) was associated with increased LIFR expression in arterial tissues. No variant was significantly associated with OSM expression. We associated these two variants with plaque characteristics from 1,443 genotyped carotid endarterectomy patients in the Athero-Express Biobank Study. After correction for multiple testing, rs13168867 was significantly associated with an increased overall plaque vulnerability (β = 0.118 ± s.e. = 0.040, p = 3.00 × 10-3, C allele). Looking at individual plaque characteristics, rs13168867 showed strongest associations with intraplaque fat (β = 0.248 ± s.e. = 0.088, p = 4.66 × 10-3, C allele) and collagen content (β = -0.259 ± s.e. = 0.095, p = 6.22 × 10-3, C allele), but these associations were not significant after correction for multiple testing. rs13168867 was not associated with intraplaque OSMR expression. Neither was intraplaque OSMR expression associated with plaque vulnerability and no known OSMR eQTLs were associated with coronary artery calcification burden, or cardiovascular disease susceptibility. No associations were found for rs10491509 in the LIFR locus. Conclusions: Our study suggests that rs1316887 in the OSMR locus is associated with increased plaque vulnerability, but not with coronary calcification or cardiovascular disease risk. It remains unclear through which precise biological mechanisms OSM signaling exerts its effects on plaque morphology. However, the OSM-OSMR/LIFR pathway is unlikely to be causally involved in lifetime cardiovascular disease susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danielle van Keulen
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Quorics B.V., Rotterdam, Netherlands
- TNO-Metabolic Health Research, Gaubius Laboratory, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ian D. van Koeverden
- Laboratory of Experimental Cardiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Arjan Boltjes
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | | | - Alain J. van Gool
- Translational Metabolic Laboratory, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
- TNO- Microbiology & Systems Biology, Zeist, Netherlands
| | - Gert J. de Borst
- Department of Vascular Surgery, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Folkert W. Asselbergs
- Department of Cardiology, Division Heart & Lungs, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Faculty of Population Health Sciences, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London, London, United Kingdom
- Health Data Research UK and Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Dennie Tempel
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Quorics B.V., Rotterdam, Netherlands
- SkylineDx B.V., Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gerard Pasterkamp
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Sander W. van der Laan
- Central Diagnostics Laboratory, University Medical Center Utrecht, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
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Sanchez-Infantes D, Stephens JM. Adipocyte Oncostatin Receptor Regulates Adipose Tissue Homeostasis and Inflammation. Front Immunol 2021; 11:612013. [PMID: 33854494 PMCID: PMC8039456 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.612013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipocytes are the largest cell type in terms of volume, but not number, in adipose tissue. Adipocytes are prominent contributors to systemic metabolic health. Obesity, defined by excess adipose tissue (AT), is recognized as a low-grade chronic inflammatory state. Cytokines are inflammatory mediators that are produced in adipose tissue (AT) and function in both AT homeostatic as well as pathological conditions. AT inflammation is associated with systemic metabolic dysfunction and obesity-associated infiltration and proliferation of immune cells occurs in a variety of fat depots in mice and humans. AT immune cells secrete a variety of chemokines and cytokines that act in a paracrine manner on adjacent adipocytes. TNFα, IL-6, and MCP-1, are well studied mediators of AT inflammation. Oncostatin M (OSM) is another proinflammatory cytokine that is elevated in AT in human obesity, and its specific receptor (OSMRβ) is also induced in conditions of obesity and insulin resistance. OSM production and paracrine signaling in AT regulates adipogenesis and the functions of AT. This review summarizes the roles of the oncostatin M receptor (OSMRβ) as a modulator of adipocyte development and function its contributions to immunological adaptations in AT in metabolic disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Sanchez-Infantes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Basic Sciences of Health, Area of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Alcorcon, Spain
| | - Jacqueline M. Stephens
- Department of Biological Sciences and Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
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27
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Functional and structural analysis of cytokine-selective IL6ST defects that cause recessive hyper-IgE syndrome. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2021; 148:585-598. [PMID: 33771552 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2021.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Revised: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biallelic variants in IL6ST, encoding GP130, cause a recessive form of hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES) characterized by high IgE level, eosinophilia, defective acute phase response, susceptibility to bacterial infections, and skeletal abnormalities due to cytokine-selective loss of function in GP130, with defective IL-6 and IL-11 and variable oncostatin M (OSM) and IL-27 levels but sparing leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) signaling. OBJECTIVE Our aim was to understand the functional and structural impact of recessive HIES-associated IL6ST variants. METHODS We investigated a patient with HIES by using exome, genome, and RNA sequencing. Functional assays assessed IL-6, IL-11, IL-27, OSM, LIF, CT-1, CLC, and CNTF signaling. Molecular dynamics simulations and structural modeling of GP130 cytokine receptor complexes were performed. RESULTS We identified a patient with compound heterozygous novel missense variants in IL6ST (p.Ala517Pro and the exon-skipping null variant p.Gly484_Pro518delinsArg). The p.Ala517Pro variant resulted in a more profound IL-6- and IL-11-dominated signaling defect than did the previously identified recessive HIES IL6ST variants p.Asn404Tyr and p.Pro498Leu. Molecular dynamics simulations suggested that the p.Ala517Pro and p.Asn404Tyr variants result in increased flexibility of the extracellular membrane-proximal domains of GP130. We propose a structural model that explains the cytokine selectivity of pathogenic IL6ST variants that result in recessive HIES. The variants destabilized the conformation of the hexameric cytokine receptor complexes, whereas the trimeric LIF-GP130-LIFR complex remained stable through an additional membrane-proximal interaction. Deletion of this membrane-proximal interaction site in GP130 consequently caused additional defective LIF signaling and Stüve-Wiedemann syndrome. CONCLUSION Our data provide a structural basis to understand clinical phenotypes in patients with IL6ST variants.
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28
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Ritter K, Rousseau J, Hölscher C. The Role of gp130 Cytokines in Tuberculosis. Cells 2020; 9:E2695. [PMID: 33334075 PMCID: PMC7765486 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection substantially depend on a delicate balance within cytokine networks. Thus, immunosuppressive therapy by cytokine blockers, as successfully used in the management of various chronic inflammatory diseases, is often connected with an increased risk for tuberculosis (TB) reactivation. Hence, identification of alternative therapeutics which allow the treatment of inflammatory diseases without compromising anti-mycobacterial immunity remains an important issue. On the other hand, in the context of novel therapeutic approaches for the management of TB, host-directed adjunct therapies, which combine administration of antibiotics with immunomodulatory drugs, play an increasingly important role, particularly to reduce the duration of treatment. In both respects, cytokines/cytokine receptors related to the common receptor subunit gp130 may serve as promising target candidates. Within the gp130 cytokine family, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-11 and IL-27 are most explored in the context of TB. This review summarizes the differential roles of these cytokines in protection and immunopathology during Mtb infection and discusses potential therapeutic implementations with respect to the aforementioned approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Ritter
- Infection Immunology, Research Centre Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany; (K.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Jasmin Rousseau
- Infection Immunology, Research Centre Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany; (K.R.); (J.R.)
| | - Christoph Hölscher
- Infection Immunology, Research Centre Borstel, D-23845 Borstel, Germany; (K.R.); (J.R.)
- German Centre for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Borstel-Lübeck-Riems, D-23845 Borstel, Germany
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29
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Oncostatin M: A mysterious cytokine in cancers. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 90:107158. [PMID: 33187910 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.107158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 10/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Oncostatin M (OSM), as a member of the Interleukin-6 family cytokines, plays a significant role in inflammation, autoimmunity, and cancers. It is mainly secreted by T lymphocytes, neutrophils, and macrophages and was initially introduced as anti-cancer agent. However, in some cases, it promotes cancer progression. Overexpression of OSM and OSM receptor has been detected in various cancers including colon cancer, breast cancer, pancreatic cancer, myeloma, brain tumors, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, and hepatoblastoma. STAT3 is the main downstream signaling molecule of OSM, which operates the leading role in modifications of cancer cells and enhancing cell growth, invasion, survival, and all other hallmarks of cancer cells. However, due to the presence of multiple signaling pathways, it can act contradictory in some cancers. In this review, we will discuss the emerging roles of OSM in cancer and elucidate its function in tumor control or progression and finally discuss therapeutic approaches designed to manipulate this cytokine in cancer.
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30
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Paratsaphan S, Moonsom S, Reamtong O, Roytrakul S, Wuthiekanun V, Day NPJ, Sonthayanon P. Characterization of a Novel Peptide from Pathogenic Leptospira and Its Cytotoxic Effect. Pathogens 2020; 9:E906. [PMID: 33142957 PMCID: PMC7692646 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens9110906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Leptospirosis is a zoonotic infectious disease caused by pathogenic Leptospira species. Virulence proteins have been shown to be key determinants of the pathogenesis of pathogenic Leptospira. A specific peptide at a mass-to-charge ratio of 7000 Da was identified in Leptospira whole cells using matrix-assisted laser/desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. This peptide was specifically present in pathogenic Leptospira and in clinical isolates. We report here the characterization of this specific peptide using a proteomics approach. This peptide was significantly matched to a hypothetical conserved L. interrogans protein (LA2458) with a calculated molecular weight of 7140.136 Da containing a tellurite-resistance domain at its C terminus (TerB-C). The amino acid sequences revealed the presence of hydrophobic transmembrane portions and two linear B-cell epitopes. Despite its low abundance, this synthetic peptide demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity toward African green monkey kidney (Vero) cells via the apoptosis pathway. The concentration of the peptide 100 µM induced about 50% of cell death after a 24 h exposure. This peptide could be useful for the diagnosis of leptospirosis and the study of pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saksakon Paratsaphan
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.P.); (O.R.)
| | - Saengduen Moonsom
- Department of Protozoology, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Onrapak Reamtong
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.P.); (O.R.)
| | - Sittiruk Roytrakul
- Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand;
| | - Vanaporn Wuthiekanun
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (V.W.); (N.P.J.D.)
| | - Nicholas P. J. Day
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (V.W.); (N.P.J.D.)
- Centre for Tropical Medicine & Global Health, Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK
| | - Piengchan Sonthayanon
- Department of Molecular Tropical Medicine and Genetics, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (S.P.); (O.R.)
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (V.W.); (N.P.J.D.)
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31
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Kahremany S, Hofmann L, Gruzman A, Cohen G. Advances in Understanding the Initial Steps of Pruritoceptive Itch: How the Itch Hits the Switch. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21144883. [PMID: 32664385 PMCID: PMC7402353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21144883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2020] [Revised: 07/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pruritoceptive (dermal) itch was long considered an accompanying symptom of diseases, a side effect of drug applications, or a temporary sensation induced by invading pruritogens, as produced by the stinging nettle. Due to extensive research in recent years, it was possible to provide detailed insights into the mechanism of itch mediation and modulation. Hence, it became apparent that pruritus is a complex symptom or disease in itself, which requires particular attention to improve patients’ health. Here, we summarize recent findings in pruritoceptive itch, including how this sensation is triggered and modulated by diverse endogenous and exogenous pruritogens and their receptors. A differentiation between mediating pruritogen and modulating pruritogen seems to be of great advantage to understand and decipher the molecular mechanism of itch perception. Only a comprehensive view on itch sensation will provide a solid basis for targeting this long-neglected adverse sensation accompanying numerous diseases and many drug side effects. Finally, we identify critical aspects of itch perception that require future investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirin Kahremany
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (L.H.); (A.G.)
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada 86910, Israel;
- Correspondence:
| | - Lukas Hofmann
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (L.H.); (A.G.)
| | - Arie Gruzman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Exact Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel; (L.H.); (A.G.)
| | - Guy Cohen
- The Skin Research Institute, The Dead Sea and Arava Science Center, Masada 86910, Israel;
- Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Eilat Campus, Eilat 8855630, Israel
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32
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Béziat V, Tavernier SJ, Chen YH, Ma CS, Materna M, Laurence A, Staal J, Aschenbrenner D, Roels L, Worley L, Claes K, Gartner L, Kohn LA, De Bruyne M, Schmitz-Abe K, Charbonnier LM, Keles S, Nammour J, Vladikine N, Maglorius Renkilaraj MRL, Seeleuthner Y, Migaud M, Rosain J, Jeljeli M, Boisson B, Van Braeckel E, Rosenfeld JA, Dai H, Burrage LC, Murdock DR, Lambrecht BN, Avettand-Fenoel V, Vogel TP, Esther CR, Haskologlu S, Dogu F, Ciznar P, Boutboul D, Ouachée-Chardin M, Amourette J, Lebras MN, Gauvain C, Tcherakian C, Ikinciogullari A, Beyaert R, Abel L, Milner JD, Grimbacher B, Couderc LJ, Butte MJ, Freeman AF, Catherinot É, Fieschi C, Chatila TA, Tangye SG, Uhlig HH, Haerynck F, Casanova JL, Puel A. Dominant-negative mutations in human IL6ST underlie hyper-IgE syndrome. J Exp Med 2020; 217:e20191804. [PMID: 32207811 PMCID: PMC7971136 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20191804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Revised: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Autosomal dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (AD-HIES) is typically caused by dominant-negative (DN) STAT3 mutations. Patients suffer from cold staphylococcal lesions and mucocutaneous candidiasis, severe allergy, and skeletal abnormalities. We report 12 patients from 8 unrelated kindreds with AD-HIES due to DN IL6ST mutations. We identified seven different truncating mutations, one of which was recurrent. The mutant alleles encode GP130 receptors bearing the transmembrane domain but lacking both the recycling motif and all four STAT3-recruiting tyrosine residues. Upon overexpression, the mutant proteins accumulate at the cell surface and are loss of function and DN for cellular responses to IL-6, IL-11, LIF, and OSM. Moreover, the patients' heterozygous leukocytes and fibroblasts respond poorly to IL-6 and IL-11. Consistently, patients with STAT3 and IL6ST mutations display infectious and allergic manifestations of IL-6R deficiency, and some of the skeletal abnormalities of IL-11R deficiency. DN STAT3 and IL6ST mutations thus appear to underlie clinical phenocopies through impairment of the IL-6 and IL-11 response pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivien Béziat
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Simon J. Tavernier
- Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Yin-Huai Chen
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Cindy S. Ma
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Marie Materna
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Arian Laurence
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jens Staal
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominik Aschenbrenner
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lisa Roels
- Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Worley
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kathleen Claes
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Lisa Gartner
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Lisa A. Kohn
- Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Marieke De Bruyne
- Center for Medical Genetics, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Klaus Schmitz-Abe
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Neonatal Genomics Program, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Genetics and Genomics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- The Manton Center for Orphan Disease Research, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Louis-Marie Charbonnier
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Sevgi Keles
- Necmettin Erbakan University, Meram Medical Faculty, Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Konya, Turkey
| | - Justine Nammour
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Natasha Vladikine
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Majistor Raj Luxman Maglorius Renkilaraj
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Yoann Seeleuthner
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mélanie Migaud
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Jérémie Rosain
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
| | - Mohamed Jeljeli
- Cochin University Hospital, Biological Immunology Unit, Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Paris, France
| | - Bertrand Boisson
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Eva Van Braeckel
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent Belgium
| | - Jill A. Rosenfeld
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Hongzheng Dai
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Lindsay C. Burrage
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - David R. Murdock
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX
| | - Bart N. Lambrecht
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Véronique Avettand-Fenoel
- Laboratory of Clinical Microbiology, Virology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Tiphanie P. Vogel
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, TX
| | | | - Charles R. Esther
- Pediatric Pulmonology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC
| | - Sule Haskologlu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Figen Dogu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Peter Ciznar
- Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Comenius University and Children's University Hospital, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - David Boutboul
- Clinical Immunology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP de Paris University of Paris, Paris, France
| | - Marie Ouachée-Chardin
- Department of Pediatric Hematology and Immunology, Robert Debré Hospital, AP-HP, Paris, France
| | - Jean Amourette
- Pulmonology Department, Centre Hospitalier d'Arras, Arras, France
| | - Marie-Noëlle Lebras
- Pediatric Pulmonology, Infectious Disease and Internal Medicine Department, AP-HP, Robert Debré Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Clément Gauvain
- Thoracic Oncology Department, Lille University Hospital, Lille, France
| | | | - Aydan Ikinciogullari
- Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Ankara University School of Medicine, Sıhhıye, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Rudi Beyaert
- VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Unit of Molecular Signal Transduction in Inflammation, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Laurent Abel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
| | - Joshua D. Milner
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, MD
- Division of Allergy, Immunology and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY
| | - Bodo Grimbacher
- Institute for Immunodeficiency, Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Albert Ludwig University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Centre for Integrative Biological Signaling Studies, Albert Ludwig University, Freiburg, Germany
- RESIST, Cluster of Excellence 2155 to Hanover Medical School, Satellite Center Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
- Institute of Immunity and Transplantation, Royal Free Hospital, University College London, London, UK
| | - Louis-Jean Couderc
- Hôpital Foch, Pulmonology Department, Suresnes, France
- Simone Veil Faculty of Life Sciences, Versailles-Paris Saclay University, UPRES EA-220, Suresnes, France
| | - Manish J. Butte
- Division of Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | | | | | - Claire Fieschi
- Clinical Immunology Department, Saint Louis Hospital, AP-HP de Paris University of Paris, Paris, France
- INSERM UMR1126, Institut de Recherche Saint-Louis, Université de Paris, Paris, France
| | - Talal A. Chatila
- Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
- Division of Immunology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA
| | - Stuart G. Tangye
- Immunology Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- St. Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Holm H. Uhlig
- Translational Gastroenterology Unit, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Filomeen Haerynck
- Primary Immune Deficiency Research Laboratory, Department of Internal Diseases and Pediatrics, Centre for Primary Immunodeficiency Ghent, Jeffrey Modell Diagnosis and Research Centre, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology and Pulmonology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jean-Laurent Casanova
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
- Pediatric Hematology-Immunology Unit, Necker Hospital for Sick Children, AP-HP, Paris, France
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New York, NY
| | - Anne Puel
- Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Necker Branch, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1163, Paris, France
- University of Paris, Imagine Institute, Paris, France
- St. Giles Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, Rockefeller Branch, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY
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Analysis of hiPSCs differentiation toward hepatocyte-like cells upon extended exposition to oncostatin. Differentiation 2020; 114:36-48. [PMID: 32563741 DOI: 10.1016/j.diff.2020.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The capability to produce and maintain functional human adult hepatocytes remains one of the major challenges for the use of in-vitro models toward liver cell therapy and industrial drug-screening applications. Among the suggested strategies to solve this issue, the use of human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs), differentiated toward hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) is promising. In this work, we propose a 31-day long protocol, that includes a final 14-day long phase of oncostatin treatment, as opposed to a 7-day treatment which led to the formation of a hepatic tissue functional for CYP1A2, CYP2B6, CYP2C8, CYP2D6, and CYP3A4. The production of albumin, as well as bile acid metabolism and transport, were also detected. Transcriptome profile comparisons and liver transcription factors (TFs) motif dynamics revealed increased expression of typical hepatic markers such as HNF1A and of important metabolic markers like PPARA. The performed analysis has allowed for the extraction of potential targets and pathways which would allow enhanced hepatic maturation in-vitro. From this investigation, NRF1 and SP3 appeared as transcription factors of importance. Complex epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) patterns were also observed during the differentiation process. Moreover, whole transcriptome analysis highlighted a response typical of the one observed in liver regeneration and hepatocyte proliferation. While a complete maturation of hepatocytes was yet to be obtained, the results presented in this work provide new insights into the process of liver development and highlight potential targets aimed to improve in-vitro liver regeneration.
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Lokau J, Garbers C. Biological functions and therapeutic opportunities of soluble cytokine receptors. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 55:94-108. [PMID: 32386776 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines control the immune system by regulating the proliferation, differentiation and function of immune cells. They activate their target cells through binding to specific receptors, which either are transmembrane proteins or attached to the cell-surface via a GPI-anchor. Different tissues and individual cell types have unique expression profiles of cytokine receptors, and consequently this expression pattern dictates to which cytokines a given cell can respond. Furthermore, soluble variants of several cytokine receptors exist, which are generated by different molecular mechanisms, namely differential mRNA splicing, proteolytic cleavage of the membrane-tethered precursors, and release on extracellular vesicles. These soluble receptors shape the function of cytokines in different ways: they can serve as antagonistic decoy receptors which compete with their membrane-bound counterparts for the ligand, or they can form functional receptor/cytokine complexes which act as agonists and can even activate cells that would usually not respond to the ligand alone. In this review, we focus on the IL-2 and IL-6 families of cytokines and the so-called Th2 cytokines. We summarize for each cytokine which soluble receptors exist, were they originate from, how they are generated, and what their biological functions are. Furthermore, we give an outlook on how these soluble receptors can be exploited for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliane Lokau
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Christoph Garbers
- Department of Pathology, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg, Medical Faculty, Magdeburg, Germany.
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Matsumoto Y, Ichikawa T, Kurozumi K, Otani Y, Fujimura A, Fujii K, Tomita Y, Hattori Y, Uneda A, Tsuboi N, Kaneda K, Makino K, Date I. Annexin A2-STAT3-Oncostatin M receptor axis drives phenotypic and mesenchymal changes in glioblastoma. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020; 8:42. [PMID: 32248843 PMCID: PMC7132881 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-020-00916-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is characterized by extensive tumor cell invasion, angiogenesis, and proliferation. We previously established subclones of GBM cells with distinct invasive phenotypes and identified annexin A2 (ANXA2) as an activator of angiogenesis and perivascular invasion. Here, we further explored the role of ANXA2 in regulating phenotypic transition in GBM. We identified oncostatin M receptor (OSMR) as a key ANXA2 target gene in GBM utilizing microarray analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis of the Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project and The Cancer Genome Atlas datasets. Overexpression of ANXA2 in GBM cells increased the expression of OSMR and phosphorylated signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) and enhanced cell invasion, angiogenesis, proliferation, and mesenchymal transition. Silencing of OSMR reversed the ANXA2-induced phenotype, and STAT3 knockdown reduced OSMR protein expression. Exposure of GBM cells to hypoxic conditions activated the ANXA2–STAT3–OSMR signaling axis. Mice bearing ANXA2-overexpressing GBM exhibited shorter survival times compared with control tumor-bearing mice, whereas OSMR knockdown increased the survival time and diminished ANXA2-mediated tumor invasion, angiogenesis, and growth. Further, we uncovered a significant relationship between ANXA2 and OSMR expression in clinical GBM specimens, and demonstrated their correlation with tumor histopathology and patient prognosis. Our results indicate that the ANXA2–STAT3–OSMR axis regulates malignant phenotypic changes and mesenchymal transition in GBM, suggesting that this axis is a promising therapeutic target to treat GBM aggressiveness.
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Piquer-Garcia I, Campderros L, Taxerås SD, Gavaldà-Navarro A, Pardo R, Vila M, Pellitero S, Martínez E, Tarascó J, Moreno P, Villarroya J, Cereijo R, González L, Reyes M, Rodriguez-Fernández S, Vives-Pi M, Lerin C, Elks CM, Stephens JM, Puig-Domingo M, Villarroya F, Villena JA, Sánchez-Infantes D. A Role for Oncostatin M in the Impairment of Glucose Homeostasis in Obesity. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2020; 105:5586710. [PMID: 31606738 PMCID: PMC7112982 DOI: 10.1210/clinem/dgz090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Oncostatin M (OSM) plays a key role in inflammation, but its regulation and function during obesity is not fully understood. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship of OSM with the inflammatory state that leads to impaired glucose homeostasis in obesity. We also assessed whether OSM immunoneutralization could revert metabolic disturbances caused by a high-fat diet (HFD) in mice. DESIGN 28 patients with severe obesity were included and stratified into two groups: (1) glucose levels <100 mg/dL and (2) glucose levels >100 mg/dL. White adipose tissue was obtained to examine OSM gene expression. Human adipocytes were used to evaluate the effect of OSM in the inflammatory response, and HFD-fed C57BL/6J mice were injected with anti-OSM antibody to evaluate its effects. RESULTS OSM expression was elevated in subcutaneous and visceral fat from patients with obesity and hyperglycemia, and correlated with Glut4 mRNA levels, serum insulin, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, and inflammatory markers. OSM inhibited adipogenesis and induced inflammation in human adipocytes. Finally, OSM receptor knockout mice had increased Glut4 mRNA levels in adipose tissue, and OSM immunoneutralization resulted in a reduction of glucose levels and Ccl2 expression in adipose tissue from HFD-fed mice. CONCLUSIONS OSM contributes to the inflammatory state during obesity and may be involved in the development of insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Piquer-Garcia
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Laura Campderros
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición) (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Siri D Taxerås
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aleix Gavaldà-Navarro
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición) (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosario Pardo
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Vila
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Silvia Pellitero
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas) (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Eva Martínez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Tarascó
- Department of Surgery, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pau Moreno
- Department of Surgery, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joan Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Rubén Cereijo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición) (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorena González
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Marjorie Reyes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Marta Vives-Pi
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas) (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Immunology Section, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carles Lerin
- Endocrinology, Sant Joan de Déu Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carrie M Elks
- Matrix Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Jacqueline M Stephens
- Adipocyte Biology Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Manel Puig-Domingo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas) (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesc Villarroya
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, and Institute of Biomedicine, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición) (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep A Villena
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Obesity, Vall d’Hebron Institut de Recerca, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Diabetes y enfermedades metabólicas) (CIBERDEM), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
| | - David Sánchez-Infantes
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- BiomedicalResearch Center (Red Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición) (CIBEROBN), ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Correspondence and Reprint Requests: David Sánchez-Infantes, PhD, Obesity and Type 2 Diabetes: Adipose Tissue Biology Group Leader, Germans Trias i Pujol Research Institute (IGTP), Campus Can Ruti, Carretera de Can Ruti, Camí de les Escoles s/n 08916 Badalona, Barcelona, Spain. E-mail:
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Omokehinde T, Johnson RW. GP130 Cytokines in Breast Cancer and Bone. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020326. [PMID: 32023849 PMCID: PMC7072680 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer cells have a high predilection for skeletal homing, where they may either induce osteolytic bone destruction or enter a latency period in which they remain quiescent. Breast cancer cells produce and encounter autocrine and paracrine cytokine signals in the bone microenvironment, which can influence their behavior in multiple ways. For example, these signals can promote the survival and dormancy of bone-disseminated cancer cells or stimulate proliferation. The interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family, defined by its use of the glycoprotein 130 (gp130) co-receptor, includes interleukin-11 (IL-11), leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), oncostatin M (OSM), ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF), and cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1), among others. These cytokines are known to have overlapping pleiotropic functions in different cell types and are important for cross-talk between bone-resident cells. IL-6 cytokines have also been implicated in the progression and metastasis of breast, prostate, lung, and cervical cancer, highlighting the importance of these cytokines in the tumor–bone microenvironment. This review will describe the role of these cytokines in skeletal remodeling and cancer progression both within and outside of the bone microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolu Omokehinde
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | - Rachelle W. Johnson
- Program in Cancer Biology, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Vanderbilt Center for Bone Biology, Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-615-875-8965
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The Nuclear Protein HOXB13 Enhances Methylmercury Toxicity by Inducing Oncostatin M and Promoting Its Binding to TNFR3 in Cultured Cells. Cells 2019; 9:cells9010045. [PMID: 31878059 PMCID: PMC7017003 DOI: 10.3390/cells9010045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Homeobox protein B13 (HOXB13), a transcription factor, is related to methylmercury toxicity; however, the downstream factors involved in enhancing methylmercury toxicity remain unknown. We performed microarray analysis to search for downstream factors whose expression is induced by methylmercury via HOXB13 in human embryonic kidney cells (HEK293), which are useful model cells for analyzing molecular mechanisms. Methylmercury induced the expression of oncostatin M (OSM), a cytokine of the interleukin-6 family, and this was markedly suppressed by HOXB13 knockdown. OSM knockdown also conferred resistance to methylmercury in HEK293 cells, and no added methylmercury resistance was observed when both HOXB13 and OSM were knocked down. Binding of HOXB13 to the OSM gene promoter was increased by methylmercury, indicating the involvement of HOXB13 in the enhancement of its toxicity. Because addition of recombinant OSM to the medium enhanced methylmercury toxicity in OSM-knockdown cells, extracellularly released OSM was believed to enhance methylmercury toxicity via membrane receptors. We discovered tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF) receptor 3 (TNFR3) to be a potential candidate involved in the enhancement of methylmercury toxicity by OSM. This toxicity mechanism was also confirmed in mouse neuronal stem cells. We report, for the first time, that HOXB13 is involved in enhancement of methylmercury toxicity via OSM-expression induction and that the synthesized OSM causes cell death by binding to TNFR3 extracellularly.
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Verstockt S, Verstockt B, Vermeire S. Oncostatin M as a new diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic target in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Expert Opin Ther Targets 2019; 23:943-954. [PMID: 31587593 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2019.1677608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Given the high rate of primary and acquired resistance to current inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) treatments, novel drug targets and biomarkers that aid in therapeutic prediction are eagerly awaited. Furthermore, postponing treatment initiation because of a diagnostic delay profoundly affects patient well-being and overall disease evolution. Among the emerging targets and biomarkers, oncostatin M (OSM) has gained much interest in the past few years.Areas covered: A literature search to June 2019 was performed to identify the most relevant reports on Oncostatin M. The authors summarize the biology of OSM, its role in health and disease, its potential as a diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic biomarker in the field of IBD and how it might be a drug target of the future.Expert opinion: OSM has diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic capabilities. High mucosal OSM predicts primary non-response to anti-TNF antibodies. However, one could question whether a single cytokine can capture the complexity and heterogeneity of IBD. Neutralizing OSM in patients with elevated mucosal OSM appears to be attractive and should be considered as a valid option for the first biomarker-stratified, proof-of-concept trial that studies a novel therapeutic compound in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sare Verstockt
- KU Leuven Department of Human Genetics, Laboratory for Complex Genetics, Leuven, Belgium.,KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Verstockt
- KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Séverine Vermeire
- KU Leuven Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Ageing, Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders (TARGID), Leuven, Belgium.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospitals Leuven, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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Covert H, Mellor LF, Wolf CL, Ankenbrandt N, Emathinger JM, Tawara K, Oxford JT, Jorcyk CL. OSM-induced CD44 contributes to breast cancer metastatic potential through cell detachment but not epithelial-mesenchymal transition. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:7721-7737. [PMID: 31496817 PMCID: PMC6700398 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s208721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hormone receptor status in human breast cancer cells is a strong indicator of the aggressiveness of a tumor. Triple negative breast cancers (TNBC) are aggressive, difficult to treat, and contribute to high incidences of metastasis by possessing characteristics such as increased tumor cell migration and a large presence of the transmembrane protein, cluster of differentiation 44 (CD44) on the cell membrane. Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) cells are less aggressive and do not migrate until undergoing an epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Methods The relationship between EMT and CD44 during metastatic events is assessed by observing changes in EMT markers, tumor cell detachment, and migration following cytokine treatment on both parental and CD44 knockdown human breast tumor cells. Results ER+ T47D and MCF-7 human breast cancer cells treated with OSM demonstrate increased CD44 expression and CD44 cleavage. Conversely, ER- MDA-MB-231 human breast cancer cells do not show a change in CD44 expression nor undergo EMT in the presence of OSM. In ER+ cells, knockdown expression of CD44 by shRNA did not prevent EMT but did change metastatic processes such as cellular detachment and migration. OSM-induced migration was decreased in both ER+ and ER- cells with shCD44 cells compared to control cells, while the promotion of tumor cell detachment by OSM was decreased in ER+ MCF7-shCD44 cells, as compared to control cells. Interestingly, OSM-induced detachment in ER- MDA-MB-231-shCD44 cells that normally don't detach at significant rates. Conclusion OSM promotes both EMT and tumor cell detachment in ER+ breast cancer cells. Yet, CD44 knockdown did not affect OSM-induced EMT in these cells, while independently decreasing OSM-induced cell detachment. These results suggest that regulation of CD44 by OSM is important for at least part of the metastatic cascade in ER+ breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hunter Covert
- Boise State University, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Liliana F Mellor
- Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, ID 83725, USA.,Oncología Molecular, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Oncologicas (CNIO), Madrid 28029, Spain
| | - Cody L Wolf
- Boise State University, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Nicole Ankenbrandt
- Boise State University, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | | | - Ken Tawara
- Boise State University, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Julie Thom Oxford
- Boise State University, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise, ID 83725, USA.,Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, ID 83725, USA
| | - Cheryl L Jorcyk
- Boise State University, Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise, ID 83725, USA.,Boise State University, Department of Biological Sciences, Boise, ID 83725, USA
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41
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West NR. Coordination of Immune-Stroma Crosstalk by IL-6 Family Cytokines. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1093. [PMID: 31156640 PMCID: PMC6529849 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stromal cells are a subject of rapidly growing immunological interest based on their ability to influence virtually all aspects of innate and adaptive immunity. Present in every bodily tissue, stromal cells complement the functions of classical immune cells by sensing pathogens and tissue damage, coordinating leukocyte recruitment and function, and promoting immune response resolution and tissue repair. These diverse roles come with a price: like classical immune cells, inappropriate stromal cell behavior can lead to various forms of pathology, including inflammatory disease, tissue fibrosis, and cancer. An important immunological function of stromal cells is to act as information relays, responding to leukocyte-derived signals and instructing leukocyte behavior in kind. In this regard, several members of the interleukin-6 (IL-6) cytokine family, including IL-6, IL-11, oncostatin M (OSM), and leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF), have gained recognition as factors that mediate crosstalk between stromal and immune cells, with diverse roles in numerous inflammatory and homeostatic processes. This review summarizes our current understanding of how IL-6 family cytokines control stromal-immune crosstalk in health and disease, and how these interactions can be leveraged for clinical benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel R West
- Department of Cancer Immunology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, United States
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42
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Duraikannu A, Krishnan A, Chandrasekhar A, Zochodne DW. Beyond Trophic Factors: Exploiting the Intrinsic Regenerative Properties of Adult Neurons. Front Cell Neurosci 2019; 13:128. [PMID: 31024258 PMCID: PMC6460947 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2019.00128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Injuries and diseases of the peripheral nervous system (PNS) are common but frequently irreversible. It is often but mistakenly assumed that peripheral neuron regeneration is robust without a need to be improved or supported. However, axonal lesions, especially those involving proximal nerves rarely recover fully and injuries generally are complicated by slow and incomplete regeneration. Strategies to enhance the intrinsic growth properties of reluctant adult neurons offer an alternative approach to consider during regeneration. Since axons rarely regrow without an intimately partnered Schwann cell (SC), approaches to enhance SC plasticity carry along benefits to their axon partners. Direct targeting of molecules that inhibit growth cone plasticity can inform important regenerative strategies. A newer approach, a focus of our laboratory, exploits tumor suppressor molecules that normally dampen unconstrained growth. However several are also prominently expressed in stable adult neurons. During regeneration their ongoing expression “brakes” growth, whereas their inhibition and knockdown may enhance regrowth. Examples have included phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome ten (PTEN), a tumor suppressor that inhibits PI3K/pAkt signaling, Rb1, the protein involved in retinoblastoma development, and adenomatous polyposis coli (APC), a tumor suppressor that inhibits β-Catenin transcriptional signaling and its translocation to the nucleus. The identification of several new targets to manipulate the plasticity of regenerating adult peripheral neurons is exciting. How they fit with canonical regeneration strategies and their feasibility require additional work. Newer forms of nonviral siRNA delivery may be approaches for molecular manipulation to improve regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arul Duraikannu
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Anand Krishnan
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Ambika Chandrasekhar
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Douglas W Zochodne
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, and Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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43
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Khalid M, Khan S, Ahmad J, Shaheryar M. Identification of self-regulatory network motifs in reverse engineering gene regulatory networks using microarray gene expression data. IET Syst Biol 2019; 13:55-68. [PMID: 33444479 PMCID: PMC8687352 DOI: 10.1049/iet-syb.2018.5001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene Regulatory Networks (GRNs) are reconstructed from the microarray gene expression data through diversified computational approaches. This process ensues in symmetric and diagonal interaction of gene pairs that cannot be modelled as direct activation, inhibition, and self-regulatory interactions. The values of gene co-expressions could help in identifying co-regulations among them. The proposed approach aims at computing the differences in variances of co-expressed genes rather than computing differences in values of mean expressions across experimental conditions. It adopts multivariate co-variances using principal component analysis (PCA) to predict an asymmetric and non-diagonal gene interaction matrix, to select only those gene pair interactions that exhibit the maximum variances in gene regulatory expressions. The asymmetric gene regulatory interactions help in identifying the controlling regulatory agents, thus lowering the false positive rate by minimizing the connections between previously unlinked network components. The experimental results on real as well as in silico datasets including time-series RTX therapy, Arabidopsis thaliana, DREAM-3, and DREAM-8 datasets, in comparison with existing state-of-the-art approaches demonstrated the enhanced performance of the proposed approach for predicting positive and negative feedback loops and self-regulatory interactions. The generated GRNs hold the potential in determining the real nature of gene pair regulatory interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehrosh Khalid
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Sharifullah Khan
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer ScienceNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Jamil Ahmad
- Research Centre for Modelling and SimulationNational University of Sciences and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
| | - Muhammad Shaheryar
- Department of Computer ScienceCapital University of Science and TechnologyIslamabadPakistan
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44
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Murakami M, Kamimura D, Hirano T. Pleiotropy and Specificity: Insights from the Interleukin 6 Family of Cytokines. Immunity 2019; 50:812-831. [DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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45
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Oncostatin M Mediates Adipocyte Expression and Secretion of Stromal-Derived Factor 1. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8010019. [PMID: 30909581 PMCID: PMC6466249 DOI: 10.3390/biology8010019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 03/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Adipose tissue homeostasis depends on interactions between stromal cells, adipocytes, and the cytokines and chemokines they produce. The gp130 cytokine, oncostatin M (OSM), plays a role in adipose tissue homeostasis. Mice, lacking the OSM receptor (OSMR) in adipocytes (OsmrFKO mice), exhibit derangements in adipose tissue, insulin sensitivity, and immune cell balance. Here, we describe a possible role for the chemokine stromal-derived factor 1 (SDF-1) in these alterations. We treated 3T3-L1 adipocytes with OSM and observed a suppression of SDF-1 gene expression and protein secretion, an effect which was partially blunted by OSMR knockdown. However, OsmrFKO mice also exhibited decreased SDF-1 gene and protein expression in adipose tissue. These contrasting results suggest that the loss of adipocyte OSM–OSMR signaling in vivo may be indirectly affecting adipokine production and secretion by altering OSM target genes to ultimately decrease SDF-1 expression in the OsmrFKO mouse. We conclude that adipocyte OSM–OSMR signaling plays a role in adipose tissue SDF-1 production and may mitigate its effects on adipose tissue homeostasis.
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46
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Browning L, Patel MR, Horvath EB, Tawara K, Jorcyk CL. IL-6 and ovarian cancer: inflammatory cytokines in promotion of metastasis. Cancer Manag Res 2018; 10:6685-6693. [PMID: 30584363 PMCID: PMC6287645 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s179189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 162] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most fatal gynecological cancer in the USA and the fifth most common cancer-related cause of death in women. Inflammation has been shown to play many roles in ovarian cancer tumor growth, with the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) having been established as a key immunoregulatory cytokine. Ovarian cancer cells continuously secrete cytokines that promote tumorigenicity in both autocrine and paracrine fashions while also receiving signals from the tumor microenvironment (TME). The TME contains many cells including leukocytes and fibroblasts, which respond to proinflammatory cytokines and secrete their own cytokines, which can produce many effects including promotion of chemoresistance, resistance to apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis by way of overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor, and promotion of metastatic growth at distant sites. IL-6 and its proinflammatory family members, including oncostatin M, have been found to directly stimulate enhanced invasion of cancer cells through basement membrane degradation caused by the overexpression of matrix metalloproteinases, stimulate promotion of cell cycle, enhance resistance to chemotherapy, and cause epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). IL-6 has been shown to activate signaling pathways that lead to tumor proliferation, the most studied of which being the Janus kinase (JAK) and STAT3 pathway. IL-6-induced JAK/STAT activation leads to constitutive activation of STAT3, which has been correlated with enhanced tumor cell growth and resistance to chemotherapy. IL-6 has also been shown to act as a trigger of the EMT, the hypothesized first step in the metastatic cascade. Understanding the important role of IL-6 and its family members' effects on the pathogenesis of ovarian cancer tumor growth and metastasis may lead to more novel treatments, detection methods, and improvement of overall clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon Browning
- University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Megha R Patel
- University of California Riverside School of Medicine, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Eli Bring Horvath
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA,
| | - Ken Tawara
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA, .,Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA,
| | - Cheryl L Jorcyk
- Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA, .,Biomolecular Sciences Program, Boise State University, Boise, ID 83725, USA,
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47
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Megakaryocyte Contribution to Bone Marrow Fibrosis: many Arrows in the Quiver. Mediterr J Hematol Infect Dis 2018; 10:e2018068. [PMID: 30416700 PMCID: PMC6223581 DOI: 10.4084/mjhid.2018.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
In Primary Myelofibrosis (PMF), megakaryocyte dysplasia/hyperplasia determines the release of inflammatory cytokines that, in turn, stimulate stromal cells and induce bone marrow fibrosis. The pathogenic mechanism and the cells responsible for progression to bone marrow fibrosis in PMF are not completely understood. This review article aims to provide an overview of the crucial role of megakaryocytes in myelofibrosis by discussing the role and the altered secretion of megakaryocyte-derived soluble factors, enzymes and extracellular matrices that are known to induce bone marrow fibrosis.
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48
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Adrian-Segarra JM, Sreenivasan K, Gajawada P, Lörchner H, Braun T, Pöling J. The AB loop of oncostatin M (OSM) determines species-specific signaling in humans and mice. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:20181-20199. [PMID: 30373773 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.004375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2018] [Revised: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The pleiotropic interleukin-6 (IL-6)-type cytokine oncostatin M (OSM) signals in multiple cell types, affecting processes such as cell differentiation, hematopoiesis, and inflammation. In humans, OSM exerts its effects through activation of either of two different heterodimeric receptor complexes, formed by glycoprotein 130 (gp130) and either OSM receptor (OSMR) or leukemia inhibitory factor receptor (LIFR). In contrast, the mouse OSM orthologue acts mainly through dimers containing OSMR and gp130 and shows limited activity through mouse LIFR. Despite their structural similarity, neither human nor mouse OSM signal through the other species' OSMR. The molecular basis for such species-specific signaling, however, remains poorly understood. To identify key molecular features of OSM that determine receptor activation in humans and mice, we generated chimeric mouse-human cytokines. Replacing regions within binding site III of murine OSM with the human equivalents showed that the cytokine's AB loop was critical for receptor selection. Substitutions of individual amino acids within this region demonstrated that residues Asn-37, Thr-40, and Asp-42 of the murine cytokine were responsible for limited LIFR activation and absence of human OSMR/LIFR signaling. In human OSM, Lys-44 appeared to be the main residue preventing mouse OSMR activation. Our data reveal that individual amino acids within the AB loop of OSM determine species-specific activities. These mutations might reflect a key step in the evolutionary process of this cytokine, in which receptor promiscuity gives way to ligand-receptor specialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan M Adrian-Segarra
- From the Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany and
| | - Krishnamoorthy Sreenivasan
- From the Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany and
| | - Praveen Gajawada
- From the Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany and
| | - Holger Lörchner
- From the Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany and; the German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas Braun
- From the Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany and; the German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Jochen Pöling
- From the Department of Cardiac Development and Remodeling, Max Planck Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Ludwigstrasse 43, D-61231 Bad Nauheim, Germany and; the German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner site Rhein-Main, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
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49
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Reid J, Zamuner S, Edwards K, Rumley S, Nevin K, Feeney M, Zecchin C, Fernando D, Wisniacki N. In vivo affinity and target engagement in skin and blood in a first-time-in-human study of an anti-oncostatin M monoclonal antibody. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 84:2280-2291. [PMID: 29900565 PMCID: PMC6138480 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.13669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The oncostatin M (OSM) pathway drives fibrosis, inflammation and vasculopathy, and is a potential therapeutic target for inflammatory and fibrotic diseases. The aim of this first-time-in-human experimental medicine study was to assess the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and target engagement of single subcutaneous doses of GSK2330811, an anti-OSM monoclonal antibody, in healthy subjects. METHODS This was a phase I, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose escalation, first-time-in-human study of subcutaneously administered GSK2330811 in healthy adults (NCT02386436). Safety and tolerability, GSK2330811 pharmacokinetic profile, OSM levels in blood and skin, and the potential for antidrug antibody formation were assessed. The in vivo affinity of GSK2330811 for OSM and target engagement in serum and skin blister fluid (obtained via a skin suction blister model) were estimated using target-mediated drug disposition (TMDD) models in combination with compartmental and physiology-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models. RESULTS Thirty subjects were randomized to receive GSK2330811 and 10 to placebo in this completed study. GSK2330811 demonstrated a favourable safety profile in healthy subjects; no adverse events were serious or led to withdrawal. There were no clinically relevant trends in change from baseline in laboratory values, with the exception of a reversible dose-dependent reduction in platelet count. GSK2330811 exhibited linear pharmacokinetics over the dose range 0.1-6 mg kg-1 . The estimated in vivo affinity (nM) of GSK2330811 for OSM was 0.568 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.455, 0.710] in the compartmental with TMDD model and 0.629 (95% CI 0.494, 0.802) using the minimal PBPK with TMDD model. CONCLUSIONS Single subcutaneous doses of GSK2330811 were well tolerated in healthy subjects. GSK2330811 demonstrated sufficient affinity to achieve target engagement in systemic circulation and target skin tissue, supporting the progression of GSK2330811 clinical development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliet Reid
- ImmunoInflammationGlaxoSmithKlineStevenageUK
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50
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Tian T, Zi X, Peng Y, Wang Z, Hong H, Yan Y, Guan W, Tan KS, Liu J, Ong HH, Kang X, Yu J, Ong YK, Thong KT, Shi L, Ye J, Wang DY. H3N2 influenza virus infection enhances oncostatin M expression in human nasal epithelium. Exp Cell Res 2018; 371:322-329. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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