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Tao J, Xue C, Cao M, Ye J, Sun Y, Chen H, Guan Y, Zhang W, Zhang W, Yao Y. Protein disulfide isomerase family member 4 promotes triple-negative breast cancer tumorigenesis and radiotherapy resistance through JNK pathway. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:1. [PMID: 38167446 PMCID: PMC10759449 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite radiotherapy ability to significantly improve treatment outcomes and survival in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients, acquired resistance to radiotherapy poses a serious clinical challenge. Protein disulfide isomerase exists in endoplasmic reticulum and plays an important role in promoting protein folding and post-translational modification. However, little is known about the role of protein disulfide isomerase family member 4 (PDIA4) in TNBC, especially in the context of radiotherapy resistance. METHODS We detected the presence of PDIA4 in TNBC tissues and paracancerous tissues, then examined the proliferation and apoptosis of TNBC cells with/without radiotherapy. As part of the validation process, xenograft tumor mouse model was used. Mass spectrometry and western blot analysis were used to identify PDIA4-mediated molecular signaling pathway. RESULTS Based on paired clinical specimens of TNBC patients, we found that PDIA4 expression was significantly higher in tumor tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues. In vitro, PDIA4 knockdown not only increased apoptosis of tumor cells with/without radiotherapy, but also decreased the ability of proliferation. In contrast, overexpression of PDIA4 induced the opposite effects on apoptosis and proliferation. According to Co-IP/MS results, PDIA4 prevented Tax1 binding protein 1 (TAX1BP1) degradation by binding to TAX1BP1, which inhibited c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) activation. Moreover, PDIA4 knockdown suppressed tumor growth xenograft model in vivo, which was accompanied by an increase in apoptosis and promoted tumor growth inhibition after radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The results of this study indicate that PDIA4 is an oncoprotein that promotes TNBC progression, and targeted therapy may represent a new and effective anti-tumor strategy, especially for patients with radiotherapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinqiu Tao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Cailin Xue
- Division of Hepatobilliary Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Meng Cao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Jiahui Ye
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yulu Sun
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Hao Chen
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Yinan Guan
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China
| | - Wenjie Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, China.
| | - Weijie Zhang
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
| | - Yongzhong Yao
- Division of Breast Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210008, China.
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Zhang X, Chen J, Xi B, Liu Y, Wang S, Gu L, Zhao H, Tao L, Hua Y, Wang Y, Chen M. Agrimoniin is a dual inhibitor of AKT and ERK pathways that inhibit pancreatic cancer cell proliferation. Phytother Res 2023; 37:4076-4091. [PMID: 37156642 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Molecular-targeted therapy has shown its effectiveness in pancreatic cancer, while single-targeted drug often cannot provide long-term benefit because of drug resistance. Fortunately, multitarget combination therapy can reverse drug resistance and achieve better efficacy. The typical treatment characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine monomer on tumor are multiple targets, with small side effects, low toxicity, and so forth. Agrimoniin has been reported to be effective on some cancers, while the mechanism still needs to be clarified. In this study, we used 5-ethynyl-2'-deoxyuridine, cell counting kit-8, flow cytometry, and western blot experiments to confirm that agrimoniin can significantly inhibit the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cell PANC-1 by inducing apoptosis and cell cycle arrest. In addition, by using SC79, LY294002 (the agonist or inhibitor of AKT pathway), and U0126 (the inhibitor of ERK pathway), we found that agrimoniin inhibited cell proliferation by simultaneously inhibiting AKT and ERK pathways. Moreover, agrimoniin could significantly increase the inhibitory effect of LY294002 and U0126 on pancreatic cancer cells. Meanwhile, in vivo experiments also supported the above results. In general, agrimoniin is a double-target inhibitor of AKT and ERK pathways in pancreatic cancer cells; it is expected to be used as a resistance reversal agent of targeted drugs or a synergistic drug of the inhibitor of AKT pathway or ERK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongfei Zhang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianping Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Beili Xi
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaojun Wang
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Ling Gu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanhuan Zhao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Tao
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yang Hua
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Endoscopy Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Meijuan Chen
- School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
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Zhang T, Sun S, Gavrilović A, Li D, Tang R. Selenium alleviates cadmium-induced oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and apoptosis in L8824 cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 262:115337. [PMID: 37567109 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic pollutant in industrial production that induces organ damage and apoptosis, While, selenium (Se) has the biological function of antagonizing Cd toxicity. Hence, to gain further insight into the protective mechanisms of selenium against Cd-induced damage in Ctenopharyngodon idella liver (L8824) cells, L8824 were exposed to 5 μM, 15 μM, 25 μM cadmium chloride for 24 h after pre-incubation with 25 μM sodium selenite for 9 h. Cell proliferation and morphological changes, the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and antioxidant enzyme activity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS)-related pathway genes expression, intracellular calcium levels and apoptosis were assessed to explore the protective effect of selenium in Cd-induced L8824 cell damage. The results showed that Cd caused decreased cell viability, ROS accumulation, reduced activity of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT GPx and T-AOC) and apoptosis in L8824 cells. The incubation of Se prominently ameliorated cell proliferation, activated the Keap1-Nrf2 pathway, and restored antioxidant enzyme activity. Furthermore, the expression of grp78, perk, eif-2α, atf4, chop bax, jnk, caspase-3 and caspase-9 was significantly upregulated after Cd exposure, while the expression of bcl-2 was significantly downregulated. Se supplementation alleviated Cd-induced ERS and apoptosis. Moreover, Cd-induced elevation of intracellular Ca2+ levels were alleviated by dantrolene and 2-APB, suggesting that intracellular calcium disorders were caused by Ca2+ released by RyR and IP3R-mediated ER. The results of this study suggested that Cd could induce oxidative stress, ERS, mitochondrial damage and evoke apoptosis, whereas Se had protective effects in preventing Cd induced damage by inhibiting ERS, maintaining intracellular calcium homeostasis, enhancing the antioxidant capacity of L8824 cells and downregulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zhang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ana Gavrilović
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Agriculture, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Dapeng Li
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry, Yangtze River Economic Belt, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Rong Tang
- College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; Ministry of Education, Engineering Research Center of Green Development for Conventional Aquatic Biological Industry, Yangtze River Economic Belt, Wuhan 430070, China; Hubei Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Pond Aquaculture, Wuhan 430070, China.
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Bonsignore G, Martinotti S, Ranzato E. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Cancer: Could Unfolded Protein Response Be a Druggable Target for Cancer Therapy? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021566. [PMID: 36675080 PMCID: PMC9865308 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Unfolded protein response (UPR) is an adaptive response which is used for re-establishing protein homeostasis, and it is triggered by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Specific ER proteins mediate UPR activation, after dissociation from chaperone Glucose-Regulated Protein 78 (GRP78). UPR can decrease ER stress, producing an ER adaptive response, block UPR if ER homeostasis is restored, or regulate apoptosis. Some tumour types are linked to ER protein folding machinery disturbance, highlighting how UPR plays a pivotal role in cancer cells to keep malignancy and drug resistance. In this review, we focus on some molecules that have been revealed to target ER stress demonstrating as UPR could be a new target in cancer treatment.
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The unfolded protein response (UPR) pathway: the unsung hero in breast cancer management. Apoptosis 2022; 28:263-276. [PMID: 36536258 DOI: 10.1007/s10495-022-01803-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Tumor cells always have the need to produce an increased amount of proteins in the cells. This elevated amount of proteins increases the pressure on the organelles of the cell such as the endoplasmic reticulum and compels it to increase its protein folding efficiency. However, it is by a matter of fact, that the amount of proteins synthesized outweighs the protein folding capacity of the ER which in turn switches on the UPR pathway by activating the three major molecular sensors and other signaling cascades, which helps in cell survival instead of instant death. However, if this pathway is active for a prolonged period of time the tumor cells heads toward apoptosis. Again, interestingly this is not the same as in case of non- tumorogenic cells. This exhibit a straight natural pathway for tumor cells-specific destruction which has a great implication in today's world where hormone therapies and chemo-therapies are non-effective for various types of breast cancer, a major type being Triple Negative Breast Cancer. Thus a detailed elucidation of the molecular involvement of the UPR pathway in breast cancer may open new avenues for management and attract novel chemotherapeutic targets providing better hopes to patients worldwide.
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Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Signaling and Neuronal Cell Death. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315186. [PMID: 36499512 PMCID: PMC9740965 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 11/27/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides protein processing, the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) has several other functions such as lipid synthesis, the transfer of molecules to other cellular compartments, and the regulation of Ca2+ homeostasis. Before leaving the organelle, proteins must be folded and post-translationally modified. Protein folding and revision require molecular chaperones and a favorable ER environment. When in stressful situations, ER luminal conditions or chaperone capacity are altered, and the cell activates signaling cascades to restore a favorable folding environment triggering the so-called unfolded protein response (UPR) that can lead to autophagy to preserve cell integrity. However, when the UPR is disrupted or insufficient, cell death occurs. This review examines the links between UPR signaling, cell-protective responses, and death following ER stress with a particular focus on those mechanisms that operate in neurons.
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Wang A, Fang M, Jiang H, Wang D, Zhang X, Tang B, Zhu X, Hu W, Liu X. Palbociclib promotes the antitumor activity of Venetoclax plus Azacitidine against acute myeloid leukemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113527. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Quinolinic Acid Induces Alterations in Neuronal Subcellular Compartments, Blocks Autophagy Flux and Activates Necroptosis and Apoptosis in Rat Striatum. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:6632-6651. [PMID: 35980566 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02986-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
Abstract
Quinolinic acid (QUIN) is an agonist of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAr) used to study the underlying mechanism of excitotoxicity in animal models. There is evidence indicating that impairment in autophagy at early times contributes to cellular damage in excitotoxicity; however, the status of autophagy in QUIN model on day 7 remains unexplored. In this study, the ultrastructural analysis of subcellular compartments and the status of autophagy, necroptosis, and apoptosis in the striatum of rats administered with QUIN (120 nmol and 240 nmol) was performed on day 7. QUIN induced circling behavior, neurodegeneration, and cellular damage; also, it promoted swollen mitochondrial crests, spherical-like morphology, and mitochondrial fragmentation; decreased ribosomal density in the rough endoplasmic reticulum; and altered the continuity of myelin sheaths in axons with separation of the compact lamellae. Furthermore, QUIN induced an increase and a decrease in ULK1 and p-70-S6K phosphorylation, respectively, suggesting autophagy activation; however, the increased microtubule-associated protein 1A/1B-light chain 3-II (LC3-II) and sequestosome-1/p62 (SQSTM1/p62), the coexistence of p62 and LC3 in the same structures, and the decrease in Beclin 1 and mature cathepsin D also indicates a blockage in autophagy flux. Additionally, QUIN administration increased tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) and receptor-interacting protein kinase 3 (RIPK3) levels and its phosphorylation (p-RIPK3), as well as decreased B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) and increased Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax) levels and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) phosphorylation, suggesting an activation of necroptosis and apoptosis, respectively. These results suggest that QUIN activates the autophagy, but on day 7, it is blocked and organelle and cellular damage, neurodegeneration, and behavior alterations could be caused by necroptosis and apoptosis activation.
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Li B, Zhang T, Tang M. Toxicity mechanism of nanomaterials: Focus on endoplasmic reticulum stress. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 834:155417. [PMID: 35472346 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.155417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 04/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Over the years, although the broad application of nanomaterials has not brought convenience to people's life, growing concern surrounds their safety. Recently, much emphasis has been placed on exploring the toxicity mechanism of nanoparticles. Currently established toxic mechanisms include oxidative stress, inflammatory response, autophagy, and DNA damage. In recent years, endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) has gained widespread attention as another toxic mechanism of nanomaterials. It is widely acknowledged that the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an important site for protein synthesis, and lipids and Ca+ storage, playing an esseential role in the normal operation of the body functions. When the body's internal environment is damaged, the structure and function of the endoplasmic reticulum are destroyed, leading to a series of biological reactions called endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS.) This paper reviews the mechanism of ERS in nanomaterial-associated toxicity. The process of ERS and its related unfolded protein response were briefly introduced, summarizing the factors affecting the nanoparticle ability to induce ERS and expounding on the changes of ER morphology after exposure to nanoparticles. Finally, the specific role and molecular mechanism of ERS under the action of different nanoparticles were comprehensively analyzed, including the relationship between ERS and inflammation, oxidative stress, lipid metabolism and apoptosis. This review provides a foothold for future studies on the toxic mechanism of nanoparticles, and provides novel insights into the safe application of nanoparticles and the treatment of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
| | - Meng Tang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, China.
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The cross-talk of autophagy and apoptosis in breast carcinoma: implications for novel therapies? Biochem J 2022; 479:1581-1608. [PMID: 35904454 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20210676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is still the most common cancer in women worldwide. Resistance to drugs and recurrence of the disease are two leading causes of failure in treatment. For a more efficient treatment of patients, the development of novel therapeutic regimes is needed. Recent studies indicate that modulation of autophagy in concert with apoptosis induction may provide a promising novel strategy in breast cancer treatment. Apoptosis and autophagy are two tightly regulated distinct cellular processes. To maintain tissue homeostasis abnormal cells are disposed largely by means of apoptosis. Autophagy, however, contributes to tissue homeostasis and cell fitness by scavenging of damaged organelles, lipids, proteins, and DNA. Defects in autophagy promote tumorigenesis, whereas upon tumor formation rapidly proliferating cancer cells may rely on autophagy to survive. Given that evasion of apoptosis is one of the characteristic hallmarks of cancer cells, inhibiting autophagy and promoting apoptosis can negatively influence cancer cell survival and increase cell death. Hence, combination of antiautophagic agents with the enhancement of apoptosis may restore apoptosis and provide a therapeutic advantage against breast cancer. In this review, we discuss the cross-talk of autophagy and apoptosis and the diverse facets of autophagy in breast cancer cells leading to novel models for more effective therapeutic strategies.
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Breedon SA, Gupta A, Storey KB. Regulation of Apoptosis and Autophagy During Anoxia in the Freshwater Crayfish, Faxonius virilis. MARINE BIOTECHNOLOGY (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 24:626-639. [PMID: 35567599 DOI: 10.1007/s10126-022-10132-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The ability of an animal to survive prolonged periods of oxygen deprivation is a critical area of study, both in terms of its importance to better understanding the physiology of these incredible animals and to its potential applicability to medical fields. The freshwater crayfish, Faxonius virilis, is one such animal capable of resisting anoxia, but it remains understudied and much of the metabolic mechanisms underlying this anoxia tolerance remain largely unprofiled. This study examines the activity and regulation of apoptosis and autophagy in F. virilis in response to 20-h anoxia. Apoptosis signaling was assessed through pro- and anti-apoptosis targets, whereas autophagy was assessed via expression response of multiple autophagy proteins. An anoxia-triggered, tissue-specific result arose, potentially based on the importance of individual organ integrity through hypometabolism. Tail muscle, which showed increased expression profiles of all three target groups, contrasted with hepatopancreas, which appeared to not be susceptible to either apoptotic or autophagic signaling during anoxia. This is likely due to the importance of the hepatopancreas, given that apoptosis or autophagy of this organ at any significant level could be fatal to the organism. The data provides a comprehensive overview of the responses and integration of multiple stress-responsive signaling pathways in F. virilis that provide a novel contribution to our understanding of pro-survival mechanisms supporting invertebrate anoxia resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A Breedon
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Aakriti Gupta
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Kenneth B Storey
- Institute of Biochemistry and Department of Biology, Carleton University, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
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Wang W, Qin X, Lin L, Wu J, Sun X, Zhao Y, Ju Y, Zhao Z, Ren L, Pang X, Guan Y, Zhang Y. Prostaglandin E 2-Induced AKT Activation Regulates the Life Span of Short-Lived Plasma Cells by Attenuating IRE1α Hyperactivation. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2022; 208:1912-1923. [PMID: 35379745 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.2100466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanism regulating the life span of short-lived plasma cells (SLPCs) remains poorly understood. Here we demonstrated that the EP4-mediated activation of AKT by PGE2 was required for the proper control of inositol-requiring transmembrane kinase endoribonuclease-1α (IRE1α) hyperactivation and hence the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) homeostasis in IgM-producing SLPCs. Disruption of the PGE2-EP4-AKT signaling pathway resulted in IRE1α-induced activation of JNK, leading to accelerated death of SLPCs. Consequently, Ptger4-deficient mice (C57BL/6) exhibited a markedly impaired IgM response to T-independent Ags and increased susceptibility to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection. This study reveals a highly selective impact of the PGE2-EP4 signal on the humoral immunity and provides a link between ER stress response and the life span of SLPCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Xiaodan Qin
- Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Cancer Research Center, Section of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA
| | - Liang Lin
- Jerome Lipper Multiple Myeloma Center, LeBow Institute for Myeloma Therapeutics, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Jia Wu
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
- Laboratory Medicine Center, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiuyuan Sun
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yurong Ju
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Ziheng Zhao
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Liwei Ren
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Xuewen Pang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China; and
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology (Peking University), Beijing, China;
- Institute of Biological Sciences, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, Liaoning, China
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Murata K, Fujita N, Takahashi R. Ninjinyoeito ameliorated cigarette smoke extract-induced apoptosis and inflammation through JNK signaling inhibition in human lung fibroblasts. BMC Complement Med Ther 2022; 22:96. [PMID: 35361188 PMCID: PMC8973640 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-022-03574-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoke is a major risk factor for various lung diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Ninjinyoeito (NYT), a traditional Chinese medicine, has been prescribed for patients with post-illness or post-operative weakness, fatigue, loss of appetite, rash, cold limbs, and anemia. In addition to its traditional use, NYT has been prescribed for treating frailty in gastrointestinal, respiratory, and urinary functions. Further, NYT treatment can ameliorate cigarette smoke-induced lung injury, which is a destructive index in mice; however, the detailed underlying mechanism remains unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether NYT ameliorates cigarette smoke-induced cell injury and inflammation in human lung fibroblasts and determine its mechanism of action. METHODS We prepared a cigarette smoke extract (CSE) from commercially available cigarettes to induce cell injury and inflammation in the human lung fibroblast cell line HFL1. The cells were pretreated with NYT for 24 h prior to CSE exposure. Cytotoxicity and cell viability were measured by lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) cytotoxicity assay and cell counting kit (CCK)-8. IL-8 level in the cell culture medium was measured by performing Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay (ELISA). To clarify the mechanisms of NYT, we used CellROX Green Reagent for reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and western blotting analysis for cell signaling. RESULTS Exposure of HFL1 cells to CSE for 24 h induced apoptosis and interleukin (IL)-8 release. Pretreatment with NYT inhibited apoptosis and IL-8 release. Furthermore, CSE exposure for 24 h increased the production of ROS and phosphorylation levels of p38 and JNK. Pretreatment with NYT only inhibited CSE-induced JNK phosphorylation, and not ROS production and p38 phosphorylation. These results suggest that NYT acts as a JNK-specific inhibitor. CONCLUSION NYT treatment ameliorated CSE-induced apoptosis and inflammation by inhibiting the JNK signaling pathway. Finally, these results suggest that NYT may be a promising therapeutic agent for patients with COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Murata
- Kampo Research Laboratories, Kracie Pharma, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-machi, Takaoka-City, Toyama, 933-0856, Japan.
| | - Nina Fujita
- Kampo Research Laboratories, Kracie Pharma, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-machi, Takaoka-City, Toyama, 933-0856, Japan
| | - Ryuji Takahashi
- Kampo Research Laboratories, Kracie Pharma, Ltd., 3-1 Kanebo-machi, Takaoka-City, Toyama, 933-0856, Japan
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14
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Gao X, Xu Y. Therapeutic Effects of Natural Compounds and Small Molecule Inhibitors Targeting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Alzheimer's Disease. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:745011. [PMID: 34540853 PMCID: PMC8440892 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.745011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disease, characterized by progressive cognitive impairment and memory loss. So far, the pathogenesis of AD has not been fully understood. Research have shown that endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and unfolded protein response (UPR) participate in the occurrence and development of AD. Furthermore, various studies, both in vivo and in vitro, have shown that targeting ER stress and ER stress-mediated apoptosis contribute to the recovery of AD. Thus, targeting ER stress and ER stress-mediated apoptosis may be effective for treating AD. In this review, the molecular mechanism of ER stress and ER stress-mediated apoptosis, as well as the therapeutic effects of some natural compounds and small molecule inhibitors targeting ER stress and ER stress-mediated apoptosis in AD will be introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Gao
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science, Jilin University, Changchun, China
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15
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Qiu Y, Zhao Y, Long Z, Song A, Huang P, Wang K, Xu L, Molloy DP, He G. Liquiritigenin promotes osteogenic differentiation and prevents bone loss via inducing auto-lysosomal degradation and inhibiting apoptosis. Genes Dis 2021; 10:284-300. [PMID: 37013063 PMCID: PMC10066282 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a debilitating skeletal abnormality involving bone remodeling and bone cell homeostasis characterized by decreased bone strength and high fracture risk. A novel therapeutic intervention for OP by manipulating cellular autophagy-apoptosis processes to promote skeletal homeostasis is presented. Protective effects of the naturally occurring plant extract Liquiritigenin (LG) were demonstrated in an ovariectomy (OVX)-OP mouse model and preosteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells. Micro-CT and histological staining assessments of skeletal phenotype were applied alongside detection of autophagy activity in osteocytes and MC3T3-E1 cells by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The effects of LG on chloroquine (CQ)- and the apoptosis-inducing TS-treated osteogenic differentiations and status of lysosomes within MC3T3-E1 cells were analyzed by Neutral red, Alizarin red S and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Western blot assays. Treatment with LG prevented bone loss, increased osteogenic differentiation in vivo and in vitro, and inhibited osteoclast formation to some extent. TEM analyses revealed that LG can improve auto-lysosomal degradation within osteocytes from OVX mice and MC3T3-E1 cells. The abnormal status of lysosomes associated with CQ and TS treatments was notably alleviated by LG which also reduced levels of apoptosis-induced inhibition of osteogenic differentiation and averted abnormal osteogenic differentiation as a consequence of a blockage in autolysosome degradation. Overall, LG stimulates bone growth in OVX mice through increased osteogenic differentiation and regulation of autophagy-apoptosis mechanisms, presenting an auspicious natural therapy for OP.
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16
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Rahman S, Kumar V, Kumar A, Abdullah TS, Rather IA, Jan AT. Molecular Perspective of Nanoparticle Mediated Therapeutic Targeting in Breast Cancer: An Odyssey of Endoplasmic Reticulum Unfolded Protein Response (UPR ER) and Beyond. Biomedicines 2021; 9:biomedicines9060635. [PMID: 34199484 PMCID: PMC8229605 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines9060635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most frequent cause of death among women. Representing a complex and heterogeneous type of cancer, its occurrence is attributed by both genetic (gene mutations, e.g., BRCA1, BRCA2) and non-genetic (race, ethnicity, etc.) risk factors. The effectiveness of available treatment regimens (small molecules, cytotoxic agents, and inhibitors) decreased due to their poor penetration across biological barriers, limited targeting, and rapid body clearance along with their effect on normal resident cells of bone marrow, gastrointestinal tract, and hair follicles. This significantly reduced their clinical outcomes, which led to an unprecedented increase in the number of cases worldwide. Nanomedicine, a nano-formulation of therapeutics, emerged as a versatile delivering module for employment in achieving the effective and target specific delivery of pharmaceutical payloads. Adoption of nanotechnological approaches in delivering therapeutic molecules to target cells ensures not only reduced immune response and toxicity, but increases the stability of therapeutic entities in the systemic circulation that averts their degradation and as such increased extravasations and accumulation via enhanced permeation and the retention (EPR) effect in target tissues. Additionally, nanoparticle (NP)-induced ER stress, which enhances apoptosis and autophagy, has been utilized as a combative strategy in the treatment of cancerous cells. As nanoparticles-based avenues have been capitalized to achieve better efficacy of the new genera of therapeutics with enhanced specificity and safety, the present study is aimed at providing the fundamentals of BC, nanotechnological modules (organic, inorganic, and hybrid) employed in delivering different therapeutic molecules, and mechanistic insights of nano-ER stress induced apoptosis and autophagy with a perspective of exploring this avenue for use in the nano-toxicological studies. Furthermore, the current scenario of USA FDA approved nano-formulations and the future perspective of nanotechnological based interventions to overcome the existing challenges are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safikur Rahman
- Department of Botany, Munshi Singh College, BR Ambedkar Bihar University, Muzaffarpur 845401, India;
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Anuj Kumar
- School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea;
| | - Tasduq S. Abdullah
- Council of Scientific and Industrial Research–Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine (CSIR–IIIM), Jammu 180001, India;
| | - Irfan A. Rather
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), P.O. Box 80141, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (I.A.R.); (A.T.J.)
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- School of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, India
- Correspondence: (I.A.R.); (A.T.J.)
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17
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Obeng E. Apoptosis (programmed cell death) and its signals - A review. BRAZ J BIOL 2021; 81:1133-1143. [PMID: 33111928 DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.228437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 175] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Apoptosis is a sequential order of cell death occurring regularly to ensure a homeostatic balance between the rate of cell formation and cell death. However, a misplaced of this balancing function can contribute to an abnormal cell growth / proliferation or autoimmune disorders etc. Apoptosis is therefore said to be crucial from the point of development of an embryo throughout the growth of an organism contributing to the renewal of tissues and also the getting rid of inflammatory cells. This review seeks to elaborate on the recent overview of the mechanism involved in apoptosis, some element and signal contributing to its function and inhibition together with how their malfunction contribute to a number of cancer related cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Obeng
- Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, P. R. China
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18
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Aghaei M, Dastghaib S, Aftabi S, Aghanoori MR, Alizadeh J, Mokarram P, Mehrbod P, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, McAlinden KD, Eapen MS, Sohal SS, Sharma P, Zeki AA, Ghavami S. The ER Stress/UPR Axis in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Life (Basel) 2020; 11:1. [PMID: 33374938 PMCID: PMC7821926 DOI: 10.3390/life11010001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular protein homeostasis in the lungs is constantly disrupted by recurrent exposure to various external and internal stressors, which may cause considerable protein secretion pressure on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), resulting in the survival and differentiation of these cell types to meet the increased functional demands. Cells are able to induce a highly conserved adaptive mechanism, known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), to manage such stresses. UPR dysregulation and ER stress are involved in numerous human illnesses, such as metabolic syndrome, fibrotic diseases, and neurodegeneration, and cancer. Therefore, effective and specific compounds targeting the UPR pathway are being considered as potential therapies. This review focuses on the impact of both external and internal stressors on the ER in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and discusses the role of the UPR signaling pathway activation in the control of cellular damage and specifically highlights the potential involvement of non-coding RNAs in COPD. Summaries of pathogenic mechanisms associated with the ER stress/UPR axis contributing to IPF and COPD, and promising pharmacological intervention strategies, are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Aghaei
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (M.A.); (S.A.); (J.A.)
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan 8174673461, Iran
| | - Sanaz Dastghaib
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran; (S.D.); (P.M.)
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| | - Sajjad Aftabi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (M.A.); (S.A.); (J.A.)
- Medical Physics Department, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Mohamad-Reza Aghanoori
- Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada;
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Javad Alizadeh
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (M.A.); (S.A.); (J.A.)
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
| | - Pooneh Mokarram
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran; (S.D.); (P.M.)
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Mehrbod
- Influenza and Respiratory Viruses Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran 1316943551, Iran;
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey;
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Kielan Darcy McAlinden
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston 7250, Tasmania, Australia; (K.D.M.); (M.S.E.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Mathew Suji Eapen
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston 7250, Tasmania, Australia; (K.D.M.); (M.S.E.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Tasmania, Launceston 7250, Tasmania, Australia; (K.D.M.); (M.S.E.); (S.S.S.)
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jane & Leonard Korman Respiratory Institute, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA;
| | - Amir A. Zeki
- Davis School of Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, UC Davis Lung Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
- Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Mather, CA 95655, USA
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Max Rady College of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0J9, Canada; (M.A.); (S.A.); (J.A.)
- Autophagy Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 7134845794, Iran
- Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
- Biology of Breathing Theme, Children Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3E 0V9, Canada
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19
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Vind AC, Genzor AV, Bekker-Jensen S. Ribosomal stress-surveillance: three pathways is a magic number. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:10648-10661. [PMID: 32941609 PMCID: PMC7641731 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cells rely on stress response pathways to uphold cellular homeostasis and limit the negative effects of harmful environmental stimuli. The stress- and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases, p38 and JNK, are at the nexus of numerous stress responses, among these the ribotoxic stress response (RSR). Ribosomal impairment is detrimental to cell function as it disrupts protein synthesis, increase inflammatory signaling and, if unresolved, lead to cell death. In this review, we offer a general overview of the three main translation surveillance pathways; the RSR, Ribosome-associated Quality Control (RQC) and the Integrated Stress Response (ISR). We highlight recent advances made in defining activation mechanisms for these pathways and discuss their commonalities and differences. Finally, we reflect on the physiological role of the RSR and consider the therapeutic potential of targeting the sensing kinase ZAKα for treatment of ribotoxin exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Constance Vind
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Aitana Victoria Genzor
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Simon Bekker-Jensen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, DK-2200 Copenhagen, Denmark
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20
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da Costa CA, Manaa WE, Duplan E, Checler F. The Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress/Unfolded Protein Response and Their Contributions to Parkinson's Disease Physiopathology. Cells 2020; 9:cells9112495. [PMID: 33212954 PMCID: PMC7698446 DOI: 10.3390/cells9112495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a multifactorial age-related movement disorder in which defects of both mitochondria and the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) have been reported. The unfolded protein response (UPR) has emerged as a key cellular dysfunction associated with the etiology of the disease. The UPR involves a coordinated response initiated in the endoplasmic reticulum that grants the correct folding of proteins. This review gives insights on the ER and its functioning; the UPR signaling cascades; and the link between ER stress, UPR activation, and physiopathology of PD. Thus, post-mortem studies and data obtained by either in vitro and in vivo pharmacological approaches or by genetic modulation of PD causative genes are described. Further, we discuss the relevance and impact of the UPR to sporadic and genetic PD pathology.
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21
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Jabeen A, Sharma A, Gupta I, Kheraldine H, Vranic S, Al Moustafa AE, Al Farsi HF. Elaeagnus angustifolia Plant Extract Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition and Induces Apoptosis via HER2 Inactivation and JNK Pathway in HER2-Positive Breast Cancer Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:E4240. [PMID: 32947764 PMCID: PMC7570883 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25184240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Elaeagnus angustifolia (EA) is a medicinal plant used for treating several human diseases in the Middle East. Meanwhile, the outcome of EA extract on HER2-positive breast cancer remains nascent. Thus, we herein investigated the effects of the aqueous EA extract obtained from the flowers of EA on two HER2-positive breast cancer cell lines, SKBR3 and ZR75-1. Our data revealed that EA extract inhibits cell proliferation and deregulates cell-cycle progression of these two cancer cell lines. EA extract also prevents the progression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), an important event for cancer invasion and metastasis; this is accompanied by upregulations of E-cadherin and β-catenin, in addition to downregulations of vimentin and fascin, which are major markers of EMT. Thus, EA extract causes a drastic decrease in cell invasion ability of SKBR3 and ZR75-1 cancer cells. Additionally, we found that EA extract inhibits colony formation of both cell lines in comparison with their matched control. The molecular pathway analysis of HER2 and JNK1/2/3 of EA extract exposed cells revealed that it can block HER2 and JNK1/2/3 activities, which could be the major molecular pathway behind these events. Our findings implicate that EA extract may possess chemo-preventive effects against HER2-positive breast cancer via HER2 inactivation and specifically JNK1/2/3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Jabeen
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.J.); (A.S.); (I.G.); (H.K.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Anju Sharma
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.J.); (A.S.); (I.G.); (H.K.); (S.V.)
| | - Ishita Gupta
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.J.); (A.S.); (I.G.); (H.K.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Hadeel Kheraldine
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.J.); (A.S.); (I.G.); (H.K.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
- College of Pharmacy, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Semir Vranic
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.J.); (A.S.); (I.G.); (H.K.); (S.V.)
| | - Ala-Eddin Al Moustafa
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.J.); (A.S.); (I.G.); (H.K.); (S.V.)
- Biomedical Research Centre, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar
| | - Halema F. Al Farsi
- College of Medicine, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha P.O. Box 2713, Qatar; (A.J.); (A.S.); (I.G.); (H.K.); (S.V.)
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22
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Chen H, Li Y, Li Y, Chen Z, Xie L, Li W, Zhu Y, Xue H, Koeffler HP, Wu W, Hu K, Yin D. PARK2 promotes mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis and antimicrotubule drugs chemosensitivity via degradation of phospho-BCL-2. Am J Cancer Res 2020; 10:9984-10000. [PMID: 32929329 PMCID: PMC7481404 DOI: 10.7150/thno.47044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationale: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy has become the standard treatment of locally advanced breast cancer. Antimicrotubule drugs and DNA-damaging drugs are the most popular medicines used for neoadjuvant chemotherapy. However, we are unable to predict which chemotherapeutic drug will benefit to an individual patient. PARK2 as a tumor suppressor in breast cancer has been reported. While the role of PARK2 in chemotherapy response remains unknown. In this study, we explore the impact of PARK2 on chemosensitivity in breast cancer. Methods: PARK2 expression in breast cancer patients with different neoadjuvant chemotherapeutic regimens was studied using immunohistochemistry. Data was correlated to disease-free survival (DFS), overall survival and pathologic complete response (pCR). The functional roles of PARK2 were demonstrated by a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments. Including mass spectrometry, Co-immunoprecipitation, isolation of subcellular fractionation, fluorescence microscopy, in vivo ubiquitination assay and luciferase analyses. Results: Highly expressed PARK2 predicted better response to antimicrotubule drugs-containing regimen associated with higher rate of pathologic complete response (pCR). In contrast, PARK2 expression did not predict response to the DNA-damaging drugs regimen. Following antimicrotubule drugs treatment, levels of PARK2 was upregulated due to the repression of STAT3-mediated transcriptional inhibition of PARK2. Moreover, overexpression of PARK2 specifically rendered cells more sensitive to antimicrotubule drugs, but not to DNA-damaging drugs. Depletion of PARK2 enhanced resistance to antimicrotubule drugs. Mechanistically, PARK2 markedly activated the mitochondrial pathway of apoptosis after exposure to antimicrotubule drugs. This occurred through downregulating the antiapoptotic protein, phospho-BCL-2. BCL-2 phosphorylation can be specifically induced by antimicrotubule drugs, whereas DNA-damaging drugs do not. Notably, PARK2 interacted with phospho-BCL-2 (Ser70) and promoted ubiquitination of BCL-2 in an E3 ligase-dependent manner. Hence, PARK2 significantly enhanced the chemosensitivity of antimicrotubule drugs both in vitro and in vivo, while loss-of-function PARK2 mutants did not. Conclusions: Our findings explained why PARK2 selectively confers chemosensitivity to antimicrotubule drugs, but not to DNA-damaging drugs. In addition, we identified PARK2 as a novel mediator of antimicrotubule drugs sensitivity, which can predict response of breast cancer patients to antimicrotubule drugs-containing regime.
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23
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Wu Q, Wu W, Jacevic V, Franca TCC, Wang X, Kuca K. Selective inhibitors for JNK signalling: a potential targeted therapy in cancer. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2020; 35:574-583. [PMID: 31994958 PMCID: PMC7034130 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2020.1720013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signalling regulates both cancer cell apoptosis and survival. Emerging evidence show that JNK promoted tumour progression is involved in various cancers, that include human pancreatic-, lung-, and breast cancer. The pro-survival JNK oncoprotein functions in a cell context- and cell type-specific manner to affect signal pathways that modulate tumour initiation, proliferation, and migration. JNK is therefore considered a potential oncogenic target for cancer therapy. Currently, designing effective and specific JNK inhibitors is an active area in the cancer treatment. Some ATP-competitive inhibitors of JNK, such as SP600125 and AS601245, are widely used in vitro; however, this type of inhibitor lacks specificity as they indiscriminately inhibit phosphorylation of all JNK substrates. Moreover, JNK has at least three isoforms with different functions in cancer development and identifying specific selective inhibitors is crucial for the development of targeted therapy in cancer. Some selective inhibitors of JNK are identified; however, their clinical studies in cancer are relatively less conducted. In this review, we first summarised the function of JNK signalling in cancer progression; there is a focus on the discussion of the novel selective JNK inhibitors as potential targeting therapy in cancer. Finally, we have offered a future perspective of the selective JNK inhibitors in the context of cancer therapies. We hope this review will help to further understand the role of JNK in cancer progression and provide insight into the design of novel selective JNK inhibitors in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Wenda Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
| | - Vesna Jacevic
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy, Belgrade, Serbia.,Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tanos C C Franca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.,Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to the Chemical and Biological Defense, Military Institute of Engineering, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues (HZAU) and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China
| | - Kamil Kuca
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic
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24
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Tutunea-Fatan E, Lee JC, Denker BM, Gunaratnam L. Heterotrimeric Gα 12/13 proteins in kidney injury and disease. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F660-F672. [PMID: 31984793 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00453.2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Gα12 and Gα13 are ubiquitous members of the heterotrimeric guanine nucleotide-binding protein (G protein) family that play central and integrative roles in the regulation of signal transduction cascades within various cell types in the kidney. Gα12/Gα13 proteins enable the kidney to adapt to an ever-changing environment by transducing stimuli from cell surface receptors and accessory proteins to effector systems. Therefore, perturbations in Gα12/Gα13 levels or their activity can contribute to the pathogenesis of various renal diseases, including renal cancer. This review will highlight and discuss the complex and expanding roles of Gα12/Gα13 proteins on distinct renal pathologies, with emphasis on more recently reported findings. Deciphering how the different Gα12/Gα13 interaction networks participate in the onset and development of renal diseases may lead to the discovery of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Tutunea-Fatan
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jasper C Lee
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Bradley M Denker
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Lakshman Gunaratnam
- Matthew Mailing Centre for Translational Transplant Studies, Lawson Health Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.,Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
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25
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Svarcbahs R, Jäntti M, Kilpeläinen T, Julku UH, Urvas L, Kivioja S, Norrbacka S, Myöhänen TT. Prolyl oligopeptidase inhibition activates autophagy via protein phosphatase 2A. Pharmacol Res 2019; 151:104558. [PMID: 31759088 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Prolyl oligopeptidase (PREP) is a serine protease that has been studied particularly in the context of neurodegenerative diseases for decades but its physiological function has remained unclear. We have previously found that PREP negatively regulates beclin1-mediated macroautophagy (autophagy), and that PREP inhibition by a small-molecule inhibitor induces clearance of protein aggregates in Parkinson's disease models. Since autophagy induction has been suggested as a potential therapy for several diseases, we wanted to further characterize how PREP regulates autophagy. We measured the levels of various kinases and proteins regulating beclin1-autophagy in HEK-293 and SH-SY5Y cell cultures after PREP inhibition, PREP deletion, and PREP overexpression and restoration, and verified the results in vivo by using PREP knock-out and wild-type mouse tissue where PREP was restored or overexpressed, respectively. We found that PREP regulates autophagy by interacting with protein phosphatase 2A (PP2A) and its endogenous inhibitor, protein phosphatase methylesterase 1 (PME1), and activator (protein phosphatase 2 phosphatase activator, PTPA), thus adjusting its activity and the levels of PP2A in the intracellular pool. PREP inhibition and deletion increased PP2A activity, leading to activation of death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1), beclin1 phosphorylation and induced autophagy while PREP overexpression reduced this. Lowered activity of PP2A is connected to several neurodegenerative disorders and cancers, and PP2A activators would have enormous potential as drug therapy but development of such compounds has been a challenge. The concept of PREP inhibition has been proved safe, and therefore, our study supports the further development of PREP inhibitors as PP2A activators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reinis Svarcbahs
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maria Jäntti
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Tommi Kilpeläinen
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ulrika H Julku
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Lauri Urvas
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Saara Kivioja
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Susanna Norrbacka
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Timo T Myöhänen
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy/Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, Finland.
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Anselmo F, Tatomir A, Boodhoo D, Mekala AP, Nguyen V, Rus V, Rus H. JNK and phosphorylated Bcl-2 predict multiple sclerosis clinical activity and glatiramer acetate therapeutic response. Clin Immunol 2019; 210:108297. [PMID: 31698073 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2019.108297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the role of JNK and phospho-Bcl-2 as possible biomarkers of multiple sclerosis (MS) relapse and of glatiramer acetate (GA) therapeutic response in relapsing-remitting MS patients. We enrolled a cohort of 15 GA-treated patients and measured the expression of JNK1, JNK2, phospho-JNK and phospho-Bcl-2 through Western blotting of lysates from peripheral blood mononuclear cells collected at 0, 3, 6, and 12 months after initiating GA therapy. We found significantly higher levels of JNK1 p54 and JNK2 p54 and significantly lower levels of p-Bcl-2 in relapse patients and in GA non-responders. By using receiver operating characteristic analysis, we found that the probability of accurately detecting relapse and response to GA was: 92% and 75.5%, respectively, for JNK1 p54 and 86% and 94.6%, respectively, for p-Bcl-2. Our data suggest that JNK1 and p-Bcl-2 could serve as potential biomarkers for MS relapse and the therapeutic response to GA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Freidrich Anselmo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Alexandru Tatomir
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Department of Neurosciences, "Iuliu Hatieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Dallas Boodhoo
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Armugam P Mekala
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Vinh Nguyen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Violeta Rus
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Horea Rus
- Department of Neurology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA; Research Service, Veterans Administration Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore, MD, USA.
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Liu Y, Hou J, Zhang M, Seleh-Zo E, Wang J, Cao B, An X. circ-016910 sponges miR-574-5p to regulate cell physiology and milk synthesis via MAPK and PI3K/AKT-mTOR pathways in GMECs. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4198-4216. [PMID: 31663119 PMCID: PMC7028128 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Incremental proofs demonstrate that miRNAs, the essential regulators of gene expression, are implicated in various biological procedures, including mammary development and milk synthesis. Here, the role of miR-574-5p in milk synthesis, apoptosis, and proliferation of goat mammary epithelial cells (GMECs) are explored without precedent, and the molecular mechanisms for the impacts are elucidated. Small RNA libraries were constructed using GMECs transfected with miR-574-5p mimics and negative control followed by sequencing via Solexa technology. Overall, 332 genes were distinguishingly expressed entre two libraries, with 74 genes upregulated and 258 genes downregulated. This approach revealed mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase kinase 9 (MAP3K9), an upstream activator of MAPK signaling, as a differentially expressed unigene. miR-574-5p targeted seed sequences of the MAP3K9 3'-untranslated region and suppressed its messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein levels, correspondingly. GMECs with miR-574-5p overexpression and MAP3K9 inhibition showed increased cell apoptosis and decreased cell proliferation resulting from sustained suppression of MAPK pathways, while MAP3K9 elevation manifested the opposite results. miR-574-5p repressed the phosphorylation of members of protein kinase B (AKT)-mammalian target of rapamycin pathway via downregulating MAP3K9 and AKT3, resulting in reducing the secretion of β-casein and triglycerides in GMECs. Finally, according to the constructed circular RNA (circRNA) libraries and bioinformatics prediction approach, we selected circ-016910 and found it acted as a sponge for miR-574-5p and blocked its relevant behaviors to undertake biological effects in GMECs. The circRNA-miRNA-mRNA network facilitates further probes on the function of miR-574-5p in mammary development and milk synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinxing Hou
- Animal Engineering Branch, Yangling Vocational and Technical College, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Emeline Seleh-Zo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiangang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Binyun Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaopeng An
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, China
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Hiraishi N, Kanmura S, Oda K, Arima S, Kumagai K, Mawatari S, Tanoue S, Sasaki F, Hashimoto S, Ido A. Extract of Lactobacillus plantarum strain 06CC2 induces JNK/p38 MAPK pathway-mediated apoptosis through endoplasmic reticulum stress in Caco2 colorectal cancer cells. Biochem Biophys Rep 2019; 20:100691. [PMID: 31650040 PMCID: PMC6804738 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2019.100691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is a multi-factorial disease involving genetic, environmental and lifestyle risk factors. In recent years, many changes in the bacterial composition of the intestinal microflora have been reported in colorectal cancer, suggesting the involvement of the intestinal microflora in the development and progression of colorectal cancer. Along with these reports, research on lactic acid bacteria that have a beneficial effect on the human body for the purpose of improving the intestinal environment and treating intestinal diseases has advanced. Among these studies, biogenics (defined as a component derived from lactic acid bacteria that acts directly on diseases regardless of the state of intestinal microflora) is a recent concept derived from the work on probiotics. Based on this concept, it is important to evaluate the effectiveness of various components derived from lactic acid bacteria in the treatment to diseases from and apply them in prevention and treatment. In this study, we investigated the antitumor effect of an extract obtained from Lactobacillus plantarum strain 06CC2 on colorectal cancer cells. In in vitro experiments, the extract derived from Lactobacillus plantarum 06CC2 significantly suppressed the proliferation of Caco2 colorectal cancer cells in comparison to control and non-cancer cells. Furthermore, we found that endoplasmic reticulum stress and the JNK/p38 MAPK signaling system are involved in the induction of apoptosis. These findings indicate the direct antitumor effect of the Lactobacillus plantarum 06CC2 extract on Caco2 colorectal cancer cells, and that this extract may have potential application as a biogenics. An extract of Lactobacillus plantarum strain 06CC2 (LP06CC2) significantly suppressed colorectal cancer cell proliferation. LP06CC2 induced mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis in Caco2 colorectal cancer cells. LP06CC2 activated JNK/p38 MAPK signaling via endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhiro Hiraishi
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shuji Kanmura
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kouhei Oda
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shiho Arima
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Kotaro Kumagai
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Seiichi Mawatari
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shiroh Tanoue
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Fumisato Sasaki
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Shinichi Hashimoto
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
| | - Akio Ido
- Digestive and Lifestyle Diseases, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1, Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima, 890-8544, Japan
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Dou Y, Jiang X, Xie H, He J, Xiao S. The Jun N-terminal kinases signaling pathway plays a "seesaw" role in ovarian carcinoma: a molecular aspect. J Ovarian Res 2019; 12:99. [PMID: 31639019 PMCID: PMC6802331 DOI: 10.1186/s13048-019-0573-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 09/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is the most common gynecological malignancy that causes cancer-related deaths in women today; this being the case, developing an understanding of ovarian cancer has become one of the major driving forces behind cancer research overall. Moreover, such research over the last 20 years has shown that the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway plays an important role in regulating cell death, survival, growth and proliferation in the mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) signaling pathway, an important pathway in the formation of cancer. Furthermore, the JNK signaling pathway is often regulated by an abnormal activation in human tumors and is frequently reported in the literature for its effect on the progression of ovarian cancer. Although the FDA has approved some JNK inhibitors for melanoma, the agency has not approved JNK inhibitors for ovarian cancer. However, there are some experimental data on inhibitors and activators of the JNK signaling pathway in ovarian cancer, but related clinical trials need to be further improved. Although the Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway is implicated in the formation of cancer in general, research has also indicated that it has a role in suppressing cancer as well. Here, we summarize this seemingly contradictory role of the JNK signaling pathway in ovarian cancer, that ‘seesaws’ between promoting and suppressing cancer, as well as summarizing the application of several JNK pathway inhibitors in cancer in general, and ovarian cancer in particular.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingyu Dou
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the third Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoyan Jiang
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the third Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the third Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China
| | - Junyu He
- Cancer Research Institute, the Central South University, Changsha, 410011, Hunan, China
| | - Songshu Xiao
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, the third Xiangya Hospital, the Central South University, Changsha, 410013, Hunan, China.
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Serrano-Del Valle A, Anel A, Naval J, Marzo I. Immunogenic Cell Death and Immunotherapy of Multiple Myeloma. Front Cell Dev Biol 2019; 7:50. [PMID: 31041312 PMCID: PMC6476910 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2019.00050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the past decades, immunotherapy has demonstrated a prominent clinical efficacy in a wide variety of human tumors. For many years, apoptosis has been considered a non-immunogenic or tolerogenic process whereas necrosis or necroptosis has long been acknowledged to play a key role in inflammation and immune-related processes. However, the new concept of “immunogenic cell death” (ICD) has challenged this traditional view and has granted apoptosis with immunogenic abilities. This paradigm shift offers clear implications in designing novel anti-cancer therapeutic approaches. To date, several screening studies have been carried out to discover bona fide ICD inducers and reveal the inherent capacity of a wide variety of drugs to induce cell death-associated exposure of danger signals and to bring about in vivo anti-cancer immune responses. Recent shreds of evidence place ER stress at the core of all the scenarios where ICD occur. Furthermore, ER stress and the unfolded protein response (UPR) have emerged as important targets in different human cancers. Notably, in multiple myeloma (MM), a lethal plasma cell disorder, the elevated production of immunoglobulins leaves these cells heavily reliant on the survival arm of the UPR. For that reason, drugs that disrupt ER homeostasis and engage ER stress-associated cell death, such as proteasome inhibitors, which are currently used for the treatment of MM, as well as novel ER stressors are intended to be promising therapeutic agents in MM. This not only holds true for their capacity to induce cell death, but also to their potential ability to activate the immunogenic arm of the ER stress response, with the ensuing exposure of danger signals. We provide here an overview of the up-to-date knowledge regarding the cell death mechanisms involved in situations of ER stress with a special focus on the connections with the drug-induced ER stress pathways that evoke ICD. We will also discuss how this could assist in optimizing and developing better immunotherapeutic approaches, especially in MM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alberto Anel
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Javier Naval
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Isabel Marzo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
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Li R, Wang X, Zhang X, Yu J, Feng J, Lv P, Lou Y, Chen Y. Ad5-EMC6 mediates antitumor activity in gastric cancer cells through the mitochondrial apoptosis pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 513:663-668. [PMID: 30982575 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Endoplasmic reticulum membrane protein complex subunit 6 (EMC6), also known as transmembrane protein 93 (transmembrane protein 93, TMEM93), is an autophagy-related protein. EMC6 overexpression inhibits cancer cell growth and induces apoptosis, but the interaction partners of EMC6 and its cellular responsibilities remain incompletely understood. In this study, we report that adenovirus-mediated ectopic overexpression of EMC6 (Ad5-EMC6) in BGC823 and SGC7901 gastric cancer cells decreases the activity of ERK1/2, down-regulates the levels of BCL-2 protein and phosphorylated BCL-2, increases the expression of tBID and BAX, and decreases mitochondrial membrane potential and subsequently leading to cell apoptosis. In a xenograft tumor model, we found that Ad5-EMC6 impairs the tumorigenesis of SGC7901 gastric cancer cells in nude mice. Additionally, Ad5-EMC6 enhances the sensitivity of gastric cancer cells to the chemotherapeutic drug etoposide. Collectively, these results demonstrate that EMC6-induced apoptosis of gastric cancer cells occurs at least partially through the mitochondrial-mediated apoptosis pathway. Our study suggests a rational basis for the potential clinical application of Ad5-EMC6 in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riyong Li
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Functional Testing of Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Xuan Zhang
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jiahong Yu
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jinqiu Feng
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ping Lv
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yaxin Lou
- Medical and Healthy Analytical Center, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Yingyu Chen
- Department of Immunology, Peking University School of Basic Medical Sciences, NHC Key Laboratory of Medical Immunology, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Xu K, Park D, Magis AT, Zhang J, Zhou W, Sica GL, Ramalingam SS, Curran WJ, Deng X. Small Molecule KRAS Agonist for Mutant KRAS Cancer Therapy. Mol Cancer 2019; 18:85. [PMID: 30971271 PMCID: PMC6456974 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-019-1012-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lung cancer patients with KRAS mutation(s) have a poor prognosis due in part to the development of resistance to currently available therapeutic interventions. Development of a new class of anticancer agents that directly targets KRAS may provide a more attractive option for the treatment of KRAS-mutant lung cancer. Results Here we identified a small molecule KRAS agonist, KRA-533, that binds the GTP/GDP-binding pocket of KRAS. In vitro GDP/GTP exchange assay reveals that KRA-533 activates KRAS by preventing the cleavage of GTP into GDP, leading to the accumulation of GTP-KRAS, an active form of KRAS. Treatment of human lung cancer cells with KRA-533 resulted in increased KRAS activity and suppression of cell growth. Lung cancer cell lines with KRAS mutation were relatively more sensitive to KRA-533 than cell lines without KRAS mutation. Mutating one of the hydrogen-bonds among the KRA-533 binding amino acids in KRAS (mutant K117A) resulted in failure of KRAS to bind KRA-533. KRA-533 had no effect on the activity of K117A mutant KRAS, suggesting that KRA-533 binding to K117 is required for KRA-533 to enhance KRAS activity. Intriguingly, KRA-533-mediated KRAS activation not only promoted apoptosis but also autophagic cell death. In mutant KRAS lung cancer xenografts and genetically engineered mutant KRAS-driven lung cancer models, KRA-533 suppressed malignant growth without significant toxicity to normal tissues. Conclusions The development of this KRAS agonist as a new class of anticancer drug offers a potentially effective strategy for the treatment of lung cancer with KRAS mutation and/or mutant KRAS-driven lung cancer. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12943-019-1012-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke Xu
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dongkyoo Park
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | | | - Jun Zhang
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood & Marrow Transplantation, Department of Internal Medicine, Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Carver College of Medicine, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA
| | - Wei Zhou
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Gabriel L Sica
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Suresh S Ramalingam
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Walter J Curran
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Xingming Deng
- Division of Cancer Biology, Department of Radiation Oncology, Emory University School of Medicine and Winship Cancer Institute of Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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Epsilon-Globin HBE1 Enhances Radiotherapy Resistance by Down-Regulating BCL11A in Colorectal Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11040498. [PMID: 30965648 PMCID: PMC6521047 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11040498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/02/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Resistance to radiotherapy is considered an important obstacle in the treatment of colorectal cancer. However, the mechanisms that enable tumor cells to tolerate the effects of radiation remain unclear. Moreover, radiotherapy causes accumulated mutations in transcription factors, which can lead to changes in gene expression and radiosensitivity. This phenomenon reduces the effectiveness of radiation therapy towards cancer cells. In the present study, radiation-resistant (RR) cancer cells were established by sequential radiation exposure, and hemoglobin subunit epsilon 1 (HBE1) was identified as a candidate radiation resistance-associated protein based on RNA-sequencing analysis. Then, compared to radiosensitive (RS) cell lines, the overexpression of HBE1 in RR cell lines was used to measure various forms of radiation-induced cellular damage. Consequently, HBE1-overexpressing cell lines were found to exhibit decreased radiation-induced intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and cell mortality. Conversely, HBE1 deficiency in RR cell lines increased intracellular ROS production, G2/M arrest, and apoptosis, and decreased clonogenic survival rate. These effects were reversed by the ROS scavenger N-acetyl cysteine. Moreover, HBE1 overexpression was found to attenuate radiation-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptosis via an inositol-requiring enzyme 1(IRE1)-Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) signaling pathway. In addition, increased HBE1 expression induced by γ-irradiation in RS cells attenuated expression of the transcriptional regulator BCL11A, whereas its depletion in RR cells increased BCL11A expression. Collectively, these observations indicate that the expression of HBE1 during radiotherapy might potentiate the survival of radiation-exposed colorectal cancer cells.
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Kim JY, Cho JH, Kim EM, Shin HJ, Hwang SG, Song JY, Um HD, Park JK. β-Apopicropodophyllin functions as a radiosensitizer targeting ER stress in non-small cell lung cancer. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 113:108769. [PMID: 30870718 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.108769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS In this study, we examined whether β-apopicropodophyllin (APP) could act as a radiosensitizer in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells. MAIN METHODS The in vitro radiosensitizing activity of APP was demonstrated with clonogenic assay, immunoblotting, Annexin V-Propidium iodide (PI) assay, BrdU incorporation, detection of mitochondrial ROS/intracellular of H2O2, mitochondrial membrane potential detection, and performing of isolation of mitochondrial and cytosolic fractions. The in vivo radiosensitizing activity of APP was determined in xenografted mice with co-treatment of APP and IR based on measurement of tumor volumes and apoptotic cell death. KEY FINDINGS The results of a clonogenic assay indicated that a combination of APP and γ-ionizing radiation (IR) inhibits cell growth and increases cell death in NSCLC cells. Several signal transduction pathways were examined for their potential involvement in the apparent radiosensitization effect of APP, as assessed by immunoblotting analyses and mitochondrial potential determination in vitro. Treatment of NCI-H460 cells with 15 nM APP and NCI-H1299 cells with 10 nM APP yielded dose-enhancement ratios of 1.44 and 1.24, respectively. Enhanced ER stress, disrupted mitochondrial membrane potential, and increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) were observed in cells co-treated with APP and IR, and this was followed by the cytosolic release of cytochrome c and consequent activation of caspase-3 and -9. Notably, inhibition of JNK, which prevents caspase activation, blocked the APP/IR-induced activations of ER stress and apoptotic cell death. In NCI-H460 or NCI-H1299 cell-xenografted mice, APP/IR treatment delayed the time it took tumors to reach a threshold size by 22.38 and 16.83 days, respectively, compared with controls, to yield enhancement factors of 1.53 and 1.38, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE APP has a radiosensitizing function derived from its ability to induce apoptotic cell death via activation of ER stress, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, and induction of the caspase pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ju Yeon Kim
- Division of Applied Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hyun Cho
- Division of Applied Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Mi Kim
- Division of Applied Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Jin Shin
- Division of Applied Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Gu Hwang
- Division of Applied Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jie-Young Song
- Division of Applied Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Duck Um
- Division of Applied Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Kuk Park
- Division of Applied Radiation Bioscience, Korea Institute of Radiological and Medical Sciences, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Inhibition of TNF-α-induced neuronal apoptosis by antidepressants acting through the lysophosphatidic acid receptor LPA1. Apoptosis 2019; 24:478-498. [DOI: 10.1007/s10495-019-01530-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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36
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Sisinni L, Pietrafesa M, Lepore S, Maddalena F, Condelli V, Esposito F, Landriscina M. Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Unfolded Protein Response in Breast Cancer: The Balance between Apoptosis and Autophagy and Its Role in Drug Resistance. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20040857. [PMID: 30781465 PMCID: PMC6412864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2019] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The unfolded protein response (UPR) is a stress response activated by the accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and its uncontrolled activation is mechanistically responsible for several human pathologies, including metabolic, neurodegenerative, and inflammatory diseases, and cancer. Indeed, ER stress and the downstream UPR activation lead to changes in the levels and activities of key regulators of cell survival and autophagy and this is physiologically finalized to restore metabolic homeostasis with the integration of pro-death or/and pro-survival signals. By contrast, the chronic activation of UPR in cancer cells is widely considered a mechanism of tumor progression. In this review, we focus on the relationship between ER stress, apoptosis, and autophagy in human breast cancer and the interplay between the activation of UPR and resistance to anticancer therapies with the aim to disclose novel therapeutic scenarios. The hypothesis that autophagy and UPR may provide novel molecular targets in human malignancies is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenza Sisinni
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Michele Pietrafesa
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Silvia Lepore
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Francesca Maddalena
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Valentina Condelli
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
| | - Franca Esposito
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Napoli Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
| | - Matteo Landriscina
- Laboratory of Pre-Clinical and Translational Research, IRCCS, Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata, 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
- Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, 71100 Foggia, Italy.
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The Protective Effects of Levo-Tetrahydropalmatine on ConA-Induced Liver Injury Are via TRAF6/JNK Signaling. Mediators Inflamm 2018; 2018:4032484. [PMID: 30622431 PMCID: PMC6304924 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4032484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 08/30/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Levo-tetrahydropalmatine (L-THP) is an active ingredient of Corydalis yanhusuo W. T. Wang, which has many bioactive properties. Herein, we investigated the protective effects of L-THP on concanavalin A- (ConA-) induced hepatitis in mice and explored its possible mechanisms of these effects. Main Methods Balb/c mice were intravenously injected with 25 mg/kg ConA to generate a model of acute autoimmune hepatitis, and L-THP (20 or 40 mg/kg) was administered orally once daily for 5 d before the ConA injection. The liver enzyme levels, proinflammatory cytokine levels, and other marker protein levels were determined 2, 8, and 24 h after ConA injection. Results L-THP could decrease serum liver enzymes and pathological damage by reducing the release of inflammatory factors like IL-6 and TNF-α. The results of Western Blot and PCR indicated that L-THP could ameliorate liver cell apoptosis and autophagy. L-THP could suppress T lymphocyte proliferation and the production of TNF-α and IL-6 induced by ConA in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Additionally, the protective functions of L-THP depended on downregulating TRAF6/JNK signaling. Conclusion. The present study indicated that L-THP attenuated acute liver injury in ConA-induced autoimmune hepatitis by inhibiting apoptosis and autophagy via the TRAF6/JNK pathway.
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Majumder A, Singh M, George AK, Tyagi SC. Restoration of skeletal muscle homeostasis by hydrogen sulfide during hyperhomocysteinemia-mediated oxidative/ER stress condition 1. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2018; 97:441-456. [PMID: 30422673 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2018-0501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Elevated homocysteine (Hcy), i.e., hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy), causes skeletal muscle myopathy. Among many cellular and metabolic alterations caused by HHcy, oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress are considered the major ones; however, the precise molecular mechanism(s) in this process is unclear. Nevertheless, there is no treatment option available to treat HHcy-mediated muscle injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is increasingly recognized as a potent anti-oxidant, anti-apoptotic/necrotic/pyroptotic, and anti-inflammatory compound and also has been shown to improve angiogenesis during ischemic injury. Patients with CBS mutation produce less H2S, making them vulnerable to Hcy-mediated cellular damage. Many studies have reported bidirectional regulation of ER stress in apoptosis through JNK activation and concomitant attenuation of cell proliferation and protein synthesis via PI3K/AKT axis. Whether H2S mitigates these detrimental effects of HHcy on muscle remains unexplored. In this review, we discuss molecular mechanisms of HHcy-mediated oxidative/ER stress responses, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and atrophic changes in skeletal muscle and how H2S can restore skeletal muscle homeostasis during HHcy condition. This review also highlights the molecular mechanisms on how H2S could be developed as a clinically relevant therapeutic option for chronic conditions that are aggravated by HHcy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- a Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.,b Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Mahavir Singh
- a Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.,c Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Akash K George
- a Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA.,c Eye and Vision Science Laboratory, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- a Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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39
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Li C, Dai L, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Lin Y, Cheng L, Tian H, Zhang X, Wang Q, Yang Q, Wang Y, Shi G, Cheng F, Su X, Yang Y, Zhang S, Yu D, Wei Y, Deng H. Follistatin-like protein 5 inhibits hepatocellular carcinoma progression by inducing caspase-dependent apoptosis and regulating Bcl-2 family proteins. J Cell Mol Med 2018; 22:6190-6201. [PMID: 30255547 PMCID: PMC6237577 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.13906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the most common and deadly malignant tumors in the world, especially in China. Follistatin‐like protein 5 (FSTL5) is a member of the FSTL family, which is involved in cell proliferation, migration, differentiation, and embryo development. We aimed to investigate the function and underlying mechanism of FSTL5 in HCC. FSTL5 expression was determined by immunohistochemistry staining in a liver cancer tissue microarray (TMA) and the correlation between FSTL5 and the prognosis of HCC patients was analysed. Further proliferation assay, colony formation assay, flow cytometry, and xenograft tumor model were performed to investigate the bioeffects of FSTL5 in HCC in vitro and in vivo. We found that FSTL5 expression was downregulated in HCC tissues and positively correlated with the prognosis of patients with HCC at tumor node metastasis stage I/II. Overexpression of FSTL5 efficiently impaired HCC growth both in vivo and in vitro with an exogenous manner. Mechanistic investigation demonstrated that FSTL5 promoted HCC cell apoptosis in a caspase‐dependent manner and regulated Bcl‐2 family proteins. These results indicate that FSTL5 may be a potential novel target for HCC treatment, and a biomarker for tumor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunlei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Wanzhou, Chongqing, China
| | - Lei Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Junfeng Zhang
- Institute of Immunology and Molecular Medicine, Jining Medical University, Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yujing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lin Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingnan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qianmei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Gang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuyi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Dechao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuquan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongxin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center/Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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40
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Aberrant CD137 ligand expression induced by GATA6 overexpression promotes tumor progression in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma. Blood 2018; 132:1922-1935. [PMID: 30194255 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2018-04-845834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Accepted: 09/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
CD137 and its ligand, CD137L, are expressed on activated T cells and antigen-presenting cells, respectively. Recent studies have shown that CD137L and CD137 are aberrantly expressed by tumor cells, especially in some hematopoietic malignancies, and interactions between these molecules on tumor cells promote tumor growth. In this study, we investigated the roles of CD137L and CD137 in cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL), represented by mycosis fungoides and Sézary syndrome. Flow cytometric analysis showed that primary Sézary cells and CTCL cell lines (Hut78, MyLa, HH, SeAx, and MJ) aberrantly expressed CD137L. CD137L expression by tumor cells in CTCL was also confirmed by immunohistochemistry. Anti-CD137L-neutralizing antibody inhibited proliferation, survival, CXCR4-mediated migration, and in vivo growth in CTCL cell lines through inhibition of phosphorylation of AKT, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, p38 MAPK, and JNK. Moreover, suppression of CD137L signaling decreased antiapoptotic proteins Bcl-2 and phosphorylated Bad. We also explored the transcription factor regulating CD137L expression. Because GATA6 has been proposed as an oncogene in many types of tumors with aberrant CD137L expression, we examined GATA6 expression and the involvement of GATA6 in CD137L expression in CTCL. DNA hypomethylation and histone acetylation induced GATA6 overexpression in CTCL cells. Furthermore, chromatin immunoprecipitation, luciferase reporter assay, and knockdown by short hairpin RNA showed that GATA6 directly upregulated CD137L expression. Inhibition of GATA6 resulted in decreased survival and in vivo growth in CTCL cells. Collectively, our findings prompt a novel therapeutic approach to CTCL based on the discovery that the GATA6/CD137L axis plays an important role in the tumorigenesis of CTCL.
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41
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Majumder A, Singh M, Behera J, Theilen NT, George AK, Tyagi N, Metreveli N, Tyagi SC. Hydrogen sulfide alleviates hyperhomocysteinemia-mediated skeletal muscle atrophy via mitigation of oxidative and endoplasmic reticulum stress injury. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2018; 315:C609-C622. [PMID: 30110564 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00147.2018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Although hyperhomocysteinemia (HHcy) occurs because of the deficiency in cystathionine-β-synthase (CBS) causing skeletal muscle dysfunction, it is still unclear whether this effect is mediated through oxidative stress, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, or both. Nevertheless, there is no treatment option available to improve HHcy-mediated muscle injury. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is an antioxidant compound, and patients with CBS mutation do not produce H2S. In this study, we hypothesized that H2S mitigates HHcy-induced redox imbalance/ER stress during skeletal muscle atrophy via JNK phosphorylation. We used CBS+/- mice to study HHcy-mediated muscle atrophy, and treated them with sodium hydrogen sulfide (NaHS; an H2S donor). Proteins and mRNAs were examined by Western blots and quantitative PCR. Proinflammatory cytokines were also measured. Muscle mass and strength were studied via fatigue susceptibility test. Our data revealed that HHcy was detrimental to skeletal mass, particularly gastrocnemius and quadriceps muscle weight. We noticed that oxidative stress was reversed by NaHS in homocysteine (Hcy)-treated C2C12 cells. Interestingly, ER stress markers (GRP78, ATF6, pIRE1α, and pJNK) were elevated in vivo and in vitro, and NaHS mitigated these effects. Additionally, we observed that JNK phosphorylation was upregulated in C2C12 after Hcy treatment, but NaHS could not reduce this effect. Furthermore, inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α were higher in plasma from CBS as compared with wild-type mice. FOXO1-mediated Atrogin-1 and MuRF-1 upregulation were attenuated by NaHS. Functional studies revealed that NaHS administration improved muscle fatigability in CBS+/- mice. In conclusion, our work provides evidence that NaHS is beneficial in mitigating HHcy-mediated skeletal injury incited by oxidative/ER stress responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avisek Majumder
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Mahavir Singh
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Jyotirmaya Behera
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Nicholas T Theilen
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Akash K George
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Neetu Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Naira Metreveli
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
| | - Suresh C Tyagi
- Department of Physiology, University of Louisville School of Medicine , Louisville, Kentucky
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42
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Almanza A, Carlesso A, Chintha C, Creedican S, Doultsinos D, Leuzzi B, Luís A, McCarthy N, Montibeller L, More S, Papaioannou A, Püschel F, Sassano ML, Skoko J, Agostinis P, de Belleroche J, Eriksson LA, Fulda S, Gorman AM, Healy S, Kozlov A, Muñoz-Pinedo C, Rehm M, Chevet E, Samali A. Endoplasmic reticulum stress signalling - from basic mechanisms to clinical applications. FEBS J 2018; 286:241-278. [PMID: 30027602 PMCID: PMC7379631 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 506] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 06/24/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a membranous intracellular organelle and the first compartment of the secretory pathway. As such, the ER contributes to the production and folding of approximately one‐third of cellular proteins, and is thus inextricably linked to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis and the fine balance between health and disease. Specific ER stress signalling pathways, collectively known as the unfolded protein response (UPR), are required for maintaining ER homeostasis. The UPR is triggered when ER protein folding capacity is overwhelmed by cellular demand and the UPR initially aims to restore ER homeostasis and normal cellular functions. However, if this fails, then the UPR triggers cell death. In this review, we provide a UPR signalling‐centric view of ER functions, from the ER's discovery to the latest advancements in the understanding of ER and UPR biology. Our review provides a synthesis of intracellular ER signalling revolving around proteostasis and the UPR, its impact on other organelles and cellular behaviour, its multifaceted and dynamic response to stress and its role in physiology, before finally exploring the potential exploitation of this knowledge to tackle unresolved biological questions and address unmet biomedical needs. Thus, we provide an integrated and global view of existing literature on ER signalling pathways and their use for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aitor Almanza
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Antonio Carlesso
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Chetan Chintha
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Dimitrios Doultsinos
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, France.,Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Brian Leuzzi
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andreia Luís
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Vienna, Austria
| | - Nicole McCarthy
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Paediatrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Luigi Montibeller
- Neurogenetics Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Sanket More
- Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Cell Death and Therapy, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Alexandra Papaioannou
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, France.,Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Franziska Püschel
- Cell Death Regulation Group, Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maria Livia Sassano
- Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Cell Death and Therapy, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Josip Skoko
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Patrizia Agostinis
- Department Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Laboratory of Cell Death and Therapy, KU Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jackie de Belleroche
- Neurogenetics Group, Division of Brain Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, UK
| | - Leif A Eriksson
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Simone Fulda
- Institute for Experimental Cancer Research in Paediatrics, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Adrienne M Gorman
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Sandra Healy
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
| | - Andrey Kozlov
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, AUVA Research Centre, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cristina Muñoz-Pinedo
- Cell Death Regulation Group, Oncobell Program, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Markus Rehm
- Institute of Cell Biology and Immunology, University of Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Eric Chevet
- INSERM U1242, University of Rennes, France.,Centre de Lutte Contre le Cancer Eugène Marquis, Rennes, France
| | - Afshin Samali
- Apoptosis Research Centre, National University of Ireland, Galway, Ireland
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43
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Zhao S, Liu Y, Wang F, Xu D, Xie P. N-acetylcysteine protects against microcystin-LR-induced endoplasmic reticulum stress and germ cell apoptosis in zebrafish testes. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 204:463-473. [PMID: 29679867 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.04.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2017] [Revised: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have shown that microcystin-LR (MCLR) is a reproductive toxicant that induces germ cell apoptosis in the testes, but the underlying mechanisms have not been well understood. In this study, we investigated that MCLR induces germ cell apoptosis is through activation of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and N-acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant could protect against germ cell apoptosis by inhibiting the ER stress. Healthy male zebrafish were intraperitoneally injected with NAC (500 nM), beginning at 2 h before different doses of MCLR (0, 50, 100, 200 μg/kg). As expected, acute MCLR exposure resulted in oxidative stress and germ cell apoptosis in zebrafish testes. Further analysis showed that NAC significantly alleviated MCLR-induced testicular germ cell apoptosis and inhibited the caspase-dependent apoptotic proteins. Meanwhile H&E staining showed that NAC could rescue testicular damage induced by MCLR. Moreover, MCLR induced activation of ER stress which consequently triggered apoptosis in zebrafish testes. Interestingly, NAC was effective in improving the total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) level and activity of antioxidant enzymes in NAC pretreated groups. NAC significantly attenuated MCLR-induced upregulation of GRP78 in testes. In addition, NAC significantly attenuated MCLR-triggered testicular eIF2s1 and MAPK8 activation, indicating that NAC counteracts MCLR-induced unfolded protein response (UPR) in testes. Taken together, the results observed in this study suggested that ER stress plays a critical role in germ cell apoptosis exposed to MCLR and NAC could protect against apoptosis via inhibiting ER stress in zebrafish testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujuan Zhao
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
| | - Fang Wang
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dexiang Xu
- School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China.
| | - Ping Xie
- Donghu Experimental Station of Lake Ecosystems, State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430072, China.
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44
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Sustained Activation of JNK Induced by Quinolinic Acid Alters the BDNF/TrkB Axis in the Rat Striatum. Neuroscience 2018; 383:22-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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45
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Pearce MC, Gamble JT, Kopparapu PR, O'Donnell EF, Mueller MJ, Jang HS, Greenwood JA, Satterthwait AC, Tanguay RL, Zhang XK, Kolluri SK. Induction of apoptosis and suppression of tumor growth by Nur77-derived Bcl-2 converting peptide in chemoresistant lung cancer cells. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26072-26085. [PMID: 29899843 PMCID: PMC5995251 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Resistance to chemotherapy is a major cause of treatment failure and poor overall survival in patients with lung cancer. Identification of molecular targets present in resistant cancer cells is essential for addressing therapeutic resistance and prolonging lung cancer patient survival. Members of the B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2) family of proteins are associated with chemotherapeutic resistance. In this study, we found that pro-survival protein Bcl-2 is upregulated in paclitaxel resistant cells, potentially contributing to chemotherapy resistance. To exploit the increase in Bcl-2 expression for targeting therapy resistance, we investigated the effects of a peptide derived from the nuclear receptor Nur77 that converts Bcl-2 from an anti-apoptotic protein to a pro-apoptotic protein. The Nur77 derived peptide preferentially induced apoptosis in paclitaxel-resistant cancer cells with high expression of Bcl-2. This peptide also induced apoptosis of multidrug resistant H69AR lung cancer cells that express Bcl-2 and inhibited their growth in 3D spheroids. The Nur77 peptide strongly suppressed the growth of paclitaxel-resistant lung cancer cells in a zebrafish xenograft tumor model. Taken together, our data supports a new strategy for treating lung cancers that acquire resistance to chemotherapy through overexpression of Bcl-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin C. Pearce
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - John T. Gamble
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Prasad R. Kopparapu
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Edmond F. O'Donnell
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Monica J. Mueller
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Hyo Sang Jang
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | - Julie A. Greenwood
- Department of Biochemistry & Biophysics, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
| | | | - Robert L. Tanguay
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
| | - Xiao-Kun Zhang
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, La Jolla, CA 92031, USA
| | - Siva Kumar Kolluri
- Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
- Department of Environmental & Molecular Toxicology, Environmental Health Sciences Center, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
- Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA
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46
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Zhou C, Cheng H, Qin W, Zhang Y, Xiong H, Yang J, Huang H, Wang Y, Chen XZ, Tang J. Pygopus2 inhibits the efficacy of paclitaxel-induced apoptosis and induces multidrug resistance in human glioma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 8:27915-27928. [PMID: 28427190 PMCID: PMC5438618 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.15843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Anti-microtubule drugs, such as paclitaxel (PTX), are extensively used for the treatment of numerous cancers. However, growing evidence has shown that PTX resistance, either intrinsic or acquired, frequently occurs in patients and results in the failure of treatment, contributing to the high cancer mortality rate. Therefore, it is necessary to identify the genes or pathways involved in anti-microtubule drug resistance for future successful treatment of cancers. Pygopus2 (Pygo2), which contains a Zn-coordinated plant homeodomain (PHD) finger domain, is critical for β-catenin-dependent transcriptional switches in normal and malignant tissues and is over-expressed in various cancers, including human brain glioma. In this study, we report that over-expression of Pygo2 inhibited the efficacy of PTX and contributed to cell multidrug resistance in two different ways. First, over-expression of Pygo2 inhibited the PTX-induced phosphorylation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2), suppressing the proteolytic cleavage of procaspase-8/9 and further inhibiting the activation of caspase-3, which also inhibits the activation of the JNK/SAPK pathway, ultimately inhibiting cell apoptosis. Second, over-expression of Pygo2 facilitated the expression of P-glycoprotein, which acts as a drug efflux pump, by promoting the transcription of Multi-drug resistance 1 (MDR1) at the MDR1 promoter loci, resulting in acceleration of the efflux of PTX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cefan Zhou
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China.,The State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Hongxia Cheng
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Wuhan Huaxia University of Technology, 430223, China
| | - Wenying Qin
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Hui Xiong
- XiLi People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518055, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Institute for Immunology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Huang Huang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
| | - Yefu Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Xing-Zhen Chen
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China.,Membrane Protein Disease Research Group, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | - Jingfeng Tang
- Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Fermentation Engineering (Ministry of Education), College of Bioengineering, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, 430068, China
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47
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Kaur A, Jyoti K, Baldi A, Jain UK, Chandra R, Madan J. Self-assembled nanomicelles of amphiphilic clotrimazole glycyl-glycine analogue augmented drug delivery, apoptosis and restrained melanoma tumour progression. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 89:75-86. [PMID: 29752121 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.03.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
In present investigation, self-assembled nanomicelles of amphiphilic clotrimazole glycyl-glycine (CLT-GG-SANMs) analogue were customized for augmenting drug delivery, permeability and apoptosis in B16F1 mouse melanoma cancer cells both in vitro and in vivo following intratumoral (i.t.) route of administration. The mean particle size of CLT-GG-SANMs was measured to be 35.9 ± 3.4 nm in addition to zeta-potential of -17.1 ± 3.5 mV. The shape of CLT-GG-SANMs was visualized to be smooth and spherical as like nanoparticles. The critical micellar concentration (CMC) of CLT-GG-SANMs was estimated to be 17 μg/ml using DPH (1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene) as a UV probe. Modification of CLT to CLT-GG-SANMs induced the amorphization in therapeutic moiety. Next, CLT suspension released only 9.7% of the drug within 1 h under dissolution testing and further analysis up to 48 h did not display any remarkable effect on the drug release. On the other hand, CLT-GG-SANMs released 46.2% of the drug significantly (P < 0.01) higher than CLT suspension at 4 h. The IC50 of CLT-GG-SANMs was measured to be 15.1-μM significantly (P < 0.05) lower than CLT suspension (IC50 > 20 μM) in B16F1 cells. Western blotting and histopathological analysis also supported the superior therapeutic efficacy of CLT-GG-SANMs in terms of higher extent of apoptosis, tumour regression and exhibition of strong antioxidant potential against B16F1 cells induced tumour in C57BL6J mice. In conclusion, in vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacy analysis indicated that CLT-GG-SANMs may be a potential candidate for translating in to a clinically viable product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Panjab, India
| | - Kiran Jyoti
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Sachdeva College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Punjab, India
| | - Ashish Baldi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharaja Ranjit Singh Punjab Technical University, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Upendra Kumar Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Panjab, India
| | - Ramesh Chandra
- Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Centre for Biomedical Research, University of Delhi, Delhi, India; Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, India
| | - Jitender Madan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Chandigarh College of Pharmacy, Mohali, Panjab, India.
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48
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Bodo J, Zhao X, Durkin L, Souers AJ, Phillips DC, Smith MR, Hsi ED. Acquired resistance to venetoclax (ABT-199) in t(14;18) positive lymphoma cells. Oncotarget 2018; 7:70000-70010. [PMID: 27661108 PMCID: PMC5342530 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.12132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The chromosomal translocation t(14;18) in follicular lymphoma (FL) is a primary oncogenic event resulting in BCL-2 over-expression. This study investigates activity of the BH3 mimetic venetoclax (ABT-199), which targets BCL-2, and mechanisms of acquired resistance in FL. The sensitivity of FL cells to venetoclax treatment correlated with BCL-2/BIM ratio. Cells with similar expression of anti-apoptotic proteins, but with higher levels of BIM were more sensitive to the treatment. Venetoclax induced dissociation of BCL-2/BIM complex and a decrease in mitochondrial potential. Interestingly the population of cells that survived venetoclax treatment showed increased p-ERK1/2 and p-BIM (S69), as well as a decrease in total BIM levels. Venetoclax resistant cells initially showed elevated levels of p-AKT and p-Foxo1/3a, a dissociation of BIM/BCL-2/BECLIN1 complex, and a decrease in SQSTM1/p62 level (indicating increased autophagy) together with a slight decline in BIM expression. After stable resistant cell lines were established, a significant reduction of BCL-2 levels and almost total absence of BIM was observed. The acquisition of these resistance phenotypes could be prevented via selective ERK/AKT inhibition or anti-CD20 antibody treatment, thus highlighting possible combination therapies for FL patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juraj Bodo
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Xiaoxian Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Lisa Durkin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | | | - Mitchell R Smith
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Eric D Hsi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Robert J. Tomsich Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA
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49
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Peng R, Zhang PF, Zhang C, Huang XY, Ding YB, Deng B, Bai DS, Xu YP. Elevated TRIM44 promotes intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma progression by inducing cell EMT via MAPK signaling. Cancer Med 2018; 7:796-808. [PMID: 29446253 PMCID: PMC5852353 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.1313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Surgical results for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) remain unsatisfactory due to the high rate of recurrence. Here, we investigated that the expression and roles of tripartite motif‐containing protein 44 (TRIM44) in human ICCs. Firstly, TRIM44 expression was analyzed in several kinds of cancers by referring to public Oncomine database, and the expressions of TRIM44 mRNA and protein were tested in ICC and corresponding paratumorous tissues. Secondly, functions and mechanisms of TRIM44 in ICC cells were further evaluated by TRIM44 interference and cDNA transfection. Finally, the prognostic role of TRIM44 was assessed by Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression. We found that TRIM44 expression was upregulated in ICC tissues compared with corresponding paratumorous tissues, which were consistent with the results from the public cancer database. Knockdown of TRIM44 repressed the invasion and migration of ICC cells, while increased the ICC cell apoptosis. Additionally, high level of TRIM44 was shown to induce ICC cell epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT). Mechanistically, a high level of TRIM44 was found to activate MAPK signaling, and a MEK inhibitor, AZD6244, reversed cell EMT and apoptosis endowed by TRIM44 overexpression. Clinically, TRIM44 expression was positively associated with large tumor size (P = 0.035), lymphatic metastasis (P = 0.008) and poor tumor differentiation (P = 0.036). Importantly, patients in TRIM44high group had shorter overall survival and higher cumulative rate of recurrence than patients in TRIM44low group. Our results suggest elevated TRIM44 promotes ICC development by inducing cell EMT and apoptosis resistance, and TRIM44 is a valuable prognostic biomarker and promising therapeutic target of ICC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Peng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Subei People's Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Yangzhou University Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou, China.,The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Hunan, China
| | - Peng-Fei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Chi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Subei People's Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Yangzhou University Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Yong Huang
- Liver Cancer Institute, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Fudan University), Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Yan-Bing Ding
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhou No. 1, People's Hospital, The Second Clinical School of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Bin Deng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Yangzhou No. 1, People's Hospital, The Second Clinical School of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Dou-Sheng Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Subei People's Hospital, Clinical Medical School, Yangzhou University Affiliated Hospital, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ya-Ping Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200032, China
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50
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t-BuOOH induces ferroptosis in human and murine cell lines. Arch Toxicol 2017; 92:759-775. [PMID: 28975372 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-017-2066-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced apoptosis has been extensively studied. Increasing evidence suggests that ROS, for instance, induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), might also trigger regulated necrotic cell death pathways. Almost nothing is known about the cell death pathways triggered by tertiary-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH), a widely used inducer of oxidative stress. The lipid peroxidation products induced by t-BuOOH are involved in the pathophysiology of many diseases, such as cancer, cardiovascular diseases, or diabetes. In this study, we exposed murine fibroblasts (NIH3T3) or human keratinocytes (HaCaT) to t-BuOOH (50 or 200 μM, respectively) which induced a rapid necrotic cell death. Well-established regulators of cell death, i.e., p53, poly(ADP)ribose polymerase-1 (PARP-1), the stress kinases p38 and c-Jun N-terminal-kinases 1/2 (JNK1/2), or receptor-interacting serine/threonine protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and 3 (RIPK3), were not required for t-BuOOH-mediated cell death. Using the selective inhibitors ferrostatin-1 (1 μM) and liproxstatin-1 (1 μM), we identified ferroptosis, a recently discovered cell death mechanism dependent on iron and lipid peroxidation, as the main cell death pathway. Accordingly, t-BuOOH exposure resulted in a ferrostatin-1- and liproxstatin-1-sensitive increase in lipid peroxidation and cytosolic ROS. Ferroptosis was executed independently from other t-BuOOH-mediated cellular damages, i.e., loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, DNA double-strand breaks, or replication block. H2O2 did not cause ferroptosis at equitoxic concentrations (300 μM) and induced a (1) lower and (2) ferrostatin-1- or liproxstatin-1-insensitive increase in lipid peroxidation. We identify that t-BuOOH and H2O2 produce a different pattern of lipid peroxidation, thereby leading to different cell death pathways and present t-BuOOH as a novel inducer of ferroptosis.
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