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Saad AAA, Zhang K, Deng Q, Zhou J, Ge L, Wang H. The functions and modifications of tRNA-derived small RNAs in cancer biology. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2025; 44:38. [PMID: 40072687 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-025-10254-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2025] [Indexed: 03/14/2025]
Abstract
Recent progress in noncoding RNA research has highlighted transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) as key regulators of gene expression, linking them to numerous cellular functions. tsRNAs, which are produced by ribonucleases such as angiogenin and Dicer, are classified based on their size and cleavage positions. They play diverse regulatory roles at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. Furthermore, tRNAs undergo various modifications that influence their biogenesis, stability, functionality, biochemical characteristics, and protein-binding affinity. tsRNAs, with their aberrant expression patterns and modifications, act as both oncogenes and tumor suppressors. This review explores the biogenetic pathways of tsRNAs and their complex roles in gene regulation. We then focus on the importance of RNA modifications in tsRNAs, evaluating their impact on the biogenesis and biological functions on tsRNAs. Furthermore, we summarize recent data indicating that tsRNAs exhibit varied expression profiles across different cancer types, highlighting their potential as innovative biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This discussion integrates both existing and new knowledge about tsRNAs, emphasizing their importance in cancer biology and clinical advancement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulaziz Ahmed A Saad
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, The State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Kun Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, China National Nuclear Corporation 416 Hospital, Nanbu People'S Hospital; Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, 610500, China
| | - Qianqian Deng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, The State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiawang Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, The State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lichen Ge
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chiral Molecule and Drug Discovery, The State Key Laboratory of Anti-Infective Drug Discovery and Development, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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2
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Chung HJ, Nguyen TNC, Lee JW, Huh Y, Ko S, Lim H, Seo H, Ha YG, Chang JH, Woo JS, Song JJ, Kim SW, Lee JS, Mo JS, Park B, Min KW, Yoon JH, Kim MS, Jung J, Jeong NY. Targeting the Hippo pathway in Schwann cells ameliorates peripheral nerve degeneration via a polypharmacological mechanism. Neurotherapeutics 2024; 21:e00458. [PMID: 39384453 PMCID: PMC11585884 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurot.2024.e00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 09/03/2024] [Accepted: 09/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Peripheral neuropathies (PNs) are common diseases in elderly individuals characterized by Schwann cell (SC) dysfunction and irreversible Wallerian degeneration (WD). Although the molecular mechanisms of PN onset and progression have been widely studied, therapeutic opportunities remain limited. In this study, we investigated the pharmacological inhibition of Mammalian Ste20-like kinase 1/2 (MST1/2) by using its chemical inhibitor, XMU-MP-1 (XMU), against WD. XMU treatment suppressed the proliferation, dedifferentiation, and demyelination of SCs in models of WD in vitro, in vivo, and ex vivo. As a downstream mediator of canonical and noncanonical Hippo/MST1 pathway activation, the mature microRNA (miRNA) let-7b and its binding partners quaking homolog (QKI)/nucleolin (NCL) modulated miRNA-mediated silencing of genes involved in protein transport. Hence, direct phosphorylation of QKI and NCL by MST1 might be critical for WD onset and pathogenesis. Moreover, p38α/mitogen-activated protein kinase 14 (p38α) showed a strong affinity for XMU, and therefore, it may be an alternative XMU target for controlling WD in SCs. Taken together, our findings provide new insights into the Hippo/MST pathway function in PNs and suggest that XMU is a novel multitargeted therapeutic for elderly individuals with PNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Joo Chung
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Kosin University, Busan 49267, South Korea
| | - Thy N C Nguyen
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, South Korea
| | - Ji Won Lee
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
| | - Youngbuhm Huh
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Seungbeom Ko
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA
| | - Heejin Lim
- Center for Scientific Instrumentation, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Cheongju 28119, South Korea
| | - Hyewon Seo
- New Drug Development Center (NDDC), Daegu-Gyeongbuk Medical Innovation Foundation (K-MEDI hub), Daegu 41061, South Korea
| | - Young-Geun Ha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Convergence Science, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, South Korea
| | - Jeong Ho Chang
- Department of Biology Education, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, South Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Woo
- Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Ji-Joon Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, South Korea
| | - So-Woon Kim
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jin San Lee
- Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea
| | - Jung-Soon Mo
- Institute of Medical Science, School of Medicine, Ajou University, Suwon 16499, South Korea
| | - Boyoun Park
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Kyung-Won Min
- Department of Biology, College of Natural Sciences, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 25457, South Korea
| | - Je-Hyun Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA; Department of Oncology Science, College of Medicine, The University of Oklahoma, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
| | - Min-Sik Kim
- Department of New Biology, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST), Daegu 42988, South Korea.
| | - Junyang Jung
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, South Korea.
| | - Na Young Jeong
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, Dong-A University, Busan 49201, South Korea.
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3
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Lee S, Kim J, Valdmanis PN, Kim HK. Emerging roles of tRNA-derived small RNAs in cancer biology. Exp Mol Med 2023; 55:1293-1304. [PMID: 37430089 PMCID: PMC10393972 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-023-01038-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transfer RNAs (tRNAs) play an essential role in mRNA translation by delivering amino acids to growing polypeptide chains. Recent data demonstrate that tRNAs can be cleaved by ribonucleases, and the resultant cleavage products, tRNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs), have crucial roles in physiological and pathological conditions. They are classified into more than six types according to their size and cleavage positions. Since the initial discovery of the physiological functions of tsRNAs more than a decade ago, accumulating data have demonstrated that tsRNAs play critical roles in gene regulation and tumorigenesis. These tRNA-derived molecules have various regulatory functions at the transcriptional, post-transcriptional, and translational levels. More than a hundred types of modifications are found on tRNAs, affecting the biogenesis, stability, function, and biochemical properties of tsRNA. Both oncogenic and tumor suppressor functions have been reported for tsRNAs, which play important roles in the development and progression of various cancers. Abnormal expression patterns and modification of tsRNAs are associated with various diseases, including cancer and neurological disorders. In this review, we will describe the biogenesis, versatile gene regulation mechanisms, and modification-mediated regulation mechanisms of tsRNA as well as the expression patterns and potential therapeutic roles of tsRNAs in various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saebyeol Lee
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Jungeun Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea
| | - Paul N Valdmanis
- Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98115, USA
| | - Hak Kyun Kim
- Department of Life Science, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 06974, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Azman MS, Alard EL, Dodel M, Capraro F, Faraway R, Dermit M, Fan W, Chakraborty A, Ule J, Mardakheh FK. An ERK1/2-driven RNA-binding switch in nucleolin drives ribosome biogenesis and pancreatic tumorigenesis downstream of RAS oncogene. EMBO J 2023; 42:e110902. [PMID: 37039106 PMCID: PMC10233377 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2022110902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Oncogenic RAS signaling reprograms gene expression through both transcriptional and post-transcriptional mechanisms. While transcriptional regulation downstream of RAS is relatively well characterized, how RAS post-transcriptionally modulates gene expression to promote malignancy remains largely unclear. Using quantitative RNA interactome capture analysis, we here reveal that oncogenic RAS signaling reshapes the RNA-bound proteomic landscape of pancreatic cancer cells, with a network of nuclear proteins centered around nucleolin displaying enhanced RNA-binding activity. We show that nucleolin is phosphorylated downstream of RAS, which increases its binding to pre-ribosomal RNA (rRNA), boosts rRNA production, and promotes ribosome biogenesis. This nucleolin-dependent enhancement of ribosome biogenesis is crucial for RAS-induced pancreatic cancer cell proliferation and can be targeted therapeutically to inhibit tumor growth. Our results reveal that oncogenic RAS signaling drives ribosome biogenesis by regulating the RNA-binding activity of nucleolin and highlight a crucial role for this mechanism in RAS-mediated tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S Azman
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Emilie L Alard
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Martin Dodel
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Federica Capraro
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular BiophysicsKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Rupert Faraway
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- Dementia Research InstituteKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Maria Dermit
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Wanling Fan
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Alina Chakraborty
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
| | - Jernej Ule
- The Francis Crick InstituteLondonUK
- Dementia Research InstituteKing's College LondonLondonUK
| | - Faraz K Mardakheh
- Centre for Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology, Barts Cancer InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK
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5
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Lee J, Kang H. Nucleolin Regulates Pulmonary Artery Smooth Muscle Cell Proliferation under Hypoxia by Modulating miRNA Expression. Cells 2023; 12:cells12050817. [PMID: 36899956 PMCID: PMC10000680 DOI: 10.3390/cells12050817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia induces the abnormal proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), resulting in the pathogenesis of various vascular diseases. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are involved in a wide range of biological processes, including cell proliferation and responses to hypoxia. In this study, we observed that the RBP nucleolin (NCL) was downregulated by histone deacetylation in response to hypoxia. We evaluated its regulatory effects on miRNA expression under hypoxic conditions in pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells (PASMCs). miRNAs associated with NCL were assessed using RNA immunoprecipitation in PASMCs and small RNA sequencing. The expression of a set of miRNAs was increased by NCL but reduced by hypoxia-induced downregulation of NCL. The downregulation of miR-24-3p and miR-409-3p promoted PASMC proliferation under hypoxic conditions. These results clearly demonstrate the significance of NCL-miRNA interactions in the regulation of hypoxia-induced PASMC proliferation and provide insight into the therapeutic value of RBPs for vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihui Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
| | - Hara Kang
- Division of Life Sciences, College of Life Sciences and Bioengineering, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Institute for New Drug Development, Incheon National University, Incheon 22012, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-32-835-8238; Fax: +82-32-835-0763
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Li Y, Carey TS, Feng CH, Zhu HM, Sun XX, Dai MS. The Ubiquitin-specific Protease USP36 Associates with the Microprocessor Complex and Regulates miRNA Biogenesis by SUMOylating DGCR8. CANCER RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS 2023; 3:459-470. [PMID: 36950067 PMCID: PMC10026737 DOI: 10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
miRNA biogenesis is a cellular process that produces mature miRNAs from their primary transcripts, pri-miRNAs, via two RNAse III enzyme complexes: the Drosha-DGCR8 microprocessor complex in the nucleus and the Dicer-TRBP complex in the cytoplasm. Emerging evidence suggests that miRNA biogenesis is tightly regulated by posttranscriptional and posttranslational modifications and aberrant miRNA biogenesis is associated with various human diseases including cancer. DGCR8 has been shown to be modified by SUMOylation. Yet, the SUMO ligase mediating DGCR8 SUMOylation is currently unknown. Here, we report that USP36, a nucleolar ubiquitin-specific protease essential for ribosome biogenesis, is a novel regulator of DGCR8. USP36 interacts with the microprocessor complex and promotes DGCR8 SUMOylation, specifically modified by SUMO2. USP36-mediated SUMOylation does not affect the levels of DGCR8 and the formation of the Drosha-DGCR8 complex, but promotes the binding of DGCR8 to pri-miRNAs. Consistently, abolishing DGCR8 SUMOylation significantly attenuates its binding to pri-miRNAs and knockdown of USP36 attenuates pri-miRNA processing, resulting in marked reduction of tested mature miRNAs. Induced expression of a SUMOylation-defective mutant of DGCR8 inhibits cell proliferation. Together, these results suggest that USP36 plays an important role in regulating miRNA biogenesis by SUMOylating DGCR8. Significance This study identifies that USP36 mediates DGCR8 SUMOylation by SUMO2 and is critical for miRNA biogenesis. As USP36 is frequently overexpressed in various human cancers, our study suggests that deregulated USP36-miRNA biogenesis pathway may contribute to tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanping Li
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Timothy S. Carey
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Catherine H. Feng
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Hong-Ming Zhu
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Xiao-Xin Sun
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | - Mu-Shui Dai
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
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7
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Deregulation of miR-375 Inhibits HOXA5 and Promotes Migration, Invasion, and Cell Proliferation in Breast Cancer. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12010-023-04375-3. [PMID: 36701095 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-023-04375-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a highly aggressive tumour and one of the women's leading causes of cancer-related deaths in worldwide. MiR-375 overexpressed in BC cells, and its biological relevance is largely unknown. Here in, we explored the function of miR-375 in BC. MicroRNA-375 targets were predicted by online target prediction tools and found that HOXA5 is one of the potential targets. MTT assay was employed to assess the effect of miR-375 on cell proliferation, where migration and invasion transwell assays were applied to detect cell migratory and invasive ability. Besides, relative expression of miR-375 and HOXA5 was measured in BC and HEK-293 cells, and its downstream gene target expressions were evaluated by qRT-PCR and western blot. In this study, we found that miR-375 expression was higher in BC cell lines than in the HEK-293 cell line, whereas HOXA5 expression was significantly lower. Our study showed that exogenous inhibition of miR-375 promoted HOXA5 expression; on the contrary, miR-375 mimics down-regulated HOXA5 expression level. Knockdown of miR-375 expression in BC cells reduces cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by inverse correlation expression of HOXA5. Our findings associated that miR-375 accelerated apoptosis evasion, proliferation, migration, and invasion by targeting HOXA5. In addition, nucleolin interferes in miR-375 biogenesis while silencing of nucleolin significantly reduced miR-375 expression and increased HOXA5 expression in BC. Thus, miR-375/HOXA5 axis may represent a potential therapeutic target for BC treatment.
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8
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San A, Palmieri D, Saxena A, Singh S. In silico study predicts a key role of RNA-binding domains 3 and 4 in nucleolin-miRNA interactions. Proteins 2022; 90:1837-1850. [PMID: 35514080 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) regulate many important cellular processes through their interactions with RNA molecules. RBPs are critical for posttranscriptional mechanisms keeping gene regulation in a fine equilibrium. Conversely, dysregulation of RBPs and RNA metabolism pathways is an established hallmark of tumorigenesis. Human nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional RBP that interacts with different types of RNA molecules, in part through its four RNA binding domains (RBDs). Particularly, NCL interacts directly with microRNAs (miRNAs) and is involved in their aberrant processing linked with many cancers, including breast cancer. Nonetheless, molecular details of the NCL-miRNA interaction remain obscure. In this study, we used an in silico approach to characterize how NCL targets miRNAs and whether this specificity is imposed by a definite RBD-interface. Here, we present structural models of NCL-RBDs and miRNAs, as well as predict scenarios of NCL-miRNA interactions generated using docking algorithms. Our study suggests a predominant role of NCL RBDs 3 and 4 (RBD3-4) in miRNA binding. We provide detailed analyses of specific motifs/residues at the NCL-substrate interface in both these RBDs and miRNAs. Finally, we propose that the evolutionary emergence of more than two RBDs in NCL in higher organisms coincides with its additional role/s in miRNA processing. Our study shows that RBD3-4 display sequence/structural determinants to specifically recognize miRNA precursor molecules. Moreover, the insights from this study can ultimately support the design of novel antineoplastic drugs aimed at regulating NCL-dependent biological pathways with a causal role in tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avdar San
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- The Biochemistry PhD Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dario Palmieri
- Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Anjana Saxena
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- The Biochemistry PhD Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shaneen Singh
- Department of Biology, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, USA
- The Biochemistry PhD Program, The Graduate Center of the City University of New York, New York, New York, USA
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9
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Tran TM, Rao DS. RNA binding proteins in MLL-rearranged leukemia. Exp Hematol Oncol 2022; 11:80. [PMID: 36307883 PMCID: PMC9615162 DOI: 10.1186/s40164-022-00343-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA binding proteins (RBPs) have recently emerged as important post-transcriptional gene expression regulators in both normal development and disease. RBPs influence the fate of mRNAs through multiple mechanisms of action such as RNA modifications, alternative splicing, and miR-mediated regulation. This complex and, often, combinatorial regulation by RBPs critically impacts the expression of oncogenic transcripts and, thus, the activation of pathways that drive oncogenesis. Here, we focus on the major features of RBPs, their mechanisms of action, and discuss the current progress in investigating the function of important RBPs in MLL-rearranged leukemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany M Tran
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- Molecular, Cellular, and Integrative Physiology Interdepartmental Ph.D. Program, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Dinesh S Rao
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center (JCCC), UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
- Broad Stem Cell Research Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
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10
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Liu X, Mei W, Padmanaban V, Alwaseem H, Molina H, Passarelli MC, Tavora B, Tavazoie SF. A pro-metastatic tRNA fragment drives Nucleolin oligomerization and stabilization of its bound metabolic mRNAs. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2604-2617.e8. [PMID: 35654044 PMCID: PMC9444141 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Stress-induced cleavage of transfer RNAs (tRNAs) into tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) occurs across organisms from yeast to humans; yet, its mechanistic underpinnings and pathological consequences remain poorly defined. Small RNA profiling revealed increased abundance of a cysteine tRNA fragment (5'-tRFCys) during breast cancer metastatic progression. 5'-tRFCys was required for efficient breast cancer metastatic lung colonization and cancer cell survival. We identified Nucleolin as the direct binding partner of 5'-tRFCys. 5'-tRFCys promoted the oligomerization of Nucleolin and its bound metabolic transcripts Mthfd1l and Pafah1b1 into a higher-order transcript stabilizing ribonucleoprotein complex, which protected these transcripts from exonucleolytic degradation. Consistent with this, Mthfd1l and Pafah1b1 mediated pro-metastatic and metabolic effects downstream of 5'-tRFCys-impacting folate, one-carbon, and phosphatidylcholine metabolism. Our findings reveal that a tRF can promote oligomerization of an RNA-binding protein into a transcript stabilizing ribonucleoprotein complex, thereby driving specific metabolic pathways underlying cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuhang Liu
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Wenbin Mei
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Veena Padmanaban
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Hanan Alwaseem
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Henrik Molina
- Proteomics Resource Center, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Maria C Passarelli
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Bernardo Tavora
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Sohail F Tavazoie
- Laboratory of Systems Cancer Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA.
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11
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Santos T, Miranda A, Imbert L, Monchaud D, Salgado GF, Cabrita EJ, Cruz C. Targeting a G-quadruplex from let-7e pre-miRNA with small molecules and nucleolin. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 215:114757. [PMID: 35462282 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Let-7e precursor microRNA has the potential to adopt a G-quadruplex (rG4) structure and recently, its roles in oncology have been the focus of much attention, as it is now known that let-7e pre-miRNA is frequently dysregulated in cancers. Therefore, it is crucial to unveil and fully characterize its ability to adopt a rG4 structure, which could be stabilized or destabilized by small molecules and proteins such as nucleolin, a protein that is deeply associated with miRNA biogenesis. Herein, by combining a set of different methods such as circular dichroism (CD), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), UV spectroscopy (thermal difference spectra (TDS) and isothermal difference spectra (IDS)) and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), we demonstrate the formation of the rG4 structure found in let-7e pre-miRNA sequence in the presence of K+ (5'-GGGCUGAGGUAGGAGG-3'). The ability of eight small molecules (or ligands) to bind to and stabilize this rG4 structure was also fully assessed. The dissociation constants for each RNA G-quadruplex/ligand complex, determined by surface plasmon resonance (SPR), ranged in the 10-6 to 10-9 M range. Lastly, the binding of the rG4 structure to nucleolin in the presence and absence of ligands was evaluated via CD, SPR, PAGE and confocal microscopy. The small molecules 360 A and PDS demonstrated attractive properties to targetthe rG4 structure of let-7e pre-miRNA and control its biology. Our findings also highlighted that the interaction of TMPyP4 with the G-quadruplex of let-7e precursor miRNA could block the formation of the complex between the rG4 and nucleolin. Overall, this study introduces an approach to target the rG4 found in let-7e pre-miRNA which opens up a new opportunity to control the microRNA biogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Santos
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã 6200-506, Portugal
| | - André Miranda
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã 6200-506, Portugal
| | - Lionel Imbert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, EMBL Integrated Structural Biology Grenoble (ISBG), Grenoble, France
| | - David Monchaud
- Institut de Chimie Moléculaire de l'Université de Bourgogne (ICMUB), CNRS UMR 6302, UBFC Dijon, Dijon 21078, France
| | - Gilmar F Salgado
- ARNA Laboratory, Université de Bordeaux, Inserm U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, IECB, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Eurico J Cabrita
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB - Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, Caparica 2819-516, Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Av. Infante D. Henrique, Covilhã 6200-506, Portugal.
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12
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Santos T, Miranda A, Imbert L, Jardim A, Caneira CRF, Chu V, Conde JP, Campello MPC, Paulo A, Salgado G, Cabrita EJ, Cruz C. Pre-miRNA-149 G-quadruplex as a molecular agent to capture nucleolin. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 169:106093. [PMID: 34922315 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.106093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
One of the most significant challenges in capturing and detecting biomarkers is the choice of an appropriate biomolecular receptor. Recently, RNA G-quadruplexes emerged as plausible receptors due to their ability to recognize with high-affinity proteins. Herein, we have unveiled and characterized the capability of the precursor microRNA 149 to form a G-quadruplex structure and determined the role that some ligands may have in its folding and binding capacity to nucleolin. The G-quadruplex formation was induced by K+ ions and stabilized by ligands, as demonstrated by nuclear magnetic resonance and circular dichroism experiments. Surface plasmon resonance measurements showed a binding affinity of precursor microRNA 149 towards ligands in the micromolar range (10-5-10-6 M) and a strong binding affinity to nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 (8.38 × 10-10 M). Even in the presence of the ligand PhenDC3, the binding remains almost identical and in the same order of magnitude (4.46 × 10-10 M). The molecular interactions of the RNA G-quadruplex motif found in precursor miRNA 149 (5'-GGGAGGGAGGGACGGG- 3') and nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 were explored by means of molecular docking and molecular dynamics studies. The results showed that RNA G-quadruplex binds to a cavity between domains 1 and 2 of the protein. Then, complex formation was also evaluated through polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The results suggest that precursor microRNA 149/ligands and precursor microRNA 149/nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 form stable molecular complexes. The in vitro co-localization of precursor microRNA 149 and nucleolin in PC3 cells was demonstrated using confocal microscopy. Finally, a rapid and straightforward microfluidic strategy was employed to check the ability of precursor microRNA 149 to capture nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2. The results revealed that precursor microRNA 149 can capture nucleolin RNA-binding domains 1 and 2 labeled with Fluorescein 5-isothiocyanate in a concentration-dependent manner, but PhenDC3 complexation seems to decrease the ability of precursor microRNA 149 to capture the protein. Overall, our results proved the formation of the G-quadruplex structure in the precursor microRNA 149 and the ability to recognize and detect nucleolin. This proof-of-concept study could open up a new framework for developing new strategies to design improved molecular receptors for capture and detection of nucleolin in complex biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Santos
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - André Miranda
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
| | - Lionel Imbert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, Institut de Biologie Structurale (IBS), Grenoble, France; Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CEA, EMBL Integrated Structural Biology Grenoble (ISBG), Grenoble, France
| | - Andreia Jardim
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Catarina R F Caneira
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Virgínia Chu
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João P Conde
- Instituto de Engenharia de Sistemas e Computadores - Microsistemas e Nanotecnologias (INESC MN) and IN - Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Bioengineering, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Maria Paula Cabral Campello
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 1397), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal; DECN -Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - António Paulo
- Centro de Ciências e Tecnologias Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada Nacional 10 (km 1397), 2695-066 Bobadela LRS, Portugal; DECN -Departamento de Engenharia e Ciências Nucleares, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Gilmar Salgado
- Univ. Bordeaux, ARNA Laboratory INSERM, U1212, CNRS UMR 5320, IECB, Pessac, France
| | - Eurico J Cabrita
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Carla Cruz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde, Universidade da Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal.
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Chen Q, Li H, Liu J. Circular RNA SLC26A4 regulates the maturation of microRNA-15a in non-small cell lung cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2021; 22:722. [PMID: 34429762 PMCID: PMC8371975 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2021.12983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
To the best of our knowledge, the oncogenic role of circular RNA solute carrier family 26 member 4 (circSLC26A4) has only been reported in cervical cancer, while its role in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is unknown. The present study explored the involvement of circSLC26A4 in NSCLC. NSCLC tissues and paired adjacent non-tumor tissues were collected from 64 patients with NSCLC. The expression levels of circSLC26A4, mature microRNA-15a (miR-15a) and miR-15a precursor in these tissues were determined by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). NSCLC cells were transfected with pcDNA3.1-circSLC26A4 vector to overexpress circSLC26A4, followed by the measurement of the expression levels of mature miR-15a and miR-15a precursor using RT-qPCR. Cell proliferation was analyzed using a Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. circSLC26A4 expression was upregulated in NSCLC tissues, and its high expression was significantly associated with poor survival of patients with NSCLC. The expression levels of circSLC26A4 were correlated with the expression levels of mature miR-15a, but not the expression levels of miR-15a precursor in NSCLC tissues. In NSCLC cells, overexpression of circSLC26A4 was associated with downregulation of mature miR-15a expression, but not miR-15a precursor expression. A cell proliferation assay revealed that overexpression of circSLC26A4 reduced the inhibitory effects of overexpression of miR-15a on cell proliferation. Therefore, circSLC26A4 may suppress the maturation of miR-15a in NSCLC to inhibit cancer cell proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiankun Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Hua Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
| | - Ji Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Shanghai 200433, P.R. China
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14
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Kozani PS, Kozani PS, Malik MT. AS1411-functionalized delivery nanosystems for targeted cancer therapy. EXPLORATION OF MEDICINE 2021; 2:146-166. [PMID: 34723284 PMCID: PMC8555908 DOI: 10.37349/emed.2021.00039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional nucleolar phosphoprotein harboring critical roles in cells such as cell proliferation, survival, and growth. The dysregulation and overexpression of NCL are related to various pathologic and oncological indications. These characteristics of NCL make it an ideal target for the treatment of various cancers. AS1411 is a synthetic quadruplex-forming nuclease-resistant DNA oligonucleotide aptamer which shows a considerably high affinity for NCL, therefore, being capable of inducing growth inhibition in a variety of tumor cells. The high affinity and specificity of AS1411 towards NCL make it a suitable targeting tool, which can be used for the functionalization of therapeutic payloaddelivery nanosystems to selectively target tumor cells. This review explores the advances in NCL-targeting cancer therapy through AS1411-functionalized delivery nanosystems for the selective delivery of a broad spectrum of therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooria Safarzadeh Kozani
- Carlos Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran 14115/111, Iran
| | - Pouya Safarzadeh Kozani
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41446/66949, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Medical Biotechnology Research Center, School of Nursing, Midwifery, and Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht 41446/66949, Iran
| | - Mohammad Tariq Malik
- Departments of Microbiology and Immunology, Regenerative Medicine, and Stem Cell Biology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
- James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA
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15
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Bresesti C, Vezzoli V, Cangiano B, Bonomi M. Long Non-Coding RNAs: Role in Testicular Cancers. Front Oncol 2021; 11:605606. [PMID: 33767982 PMCID: PMC7986848 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.605606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the last few years lncRNAs have gained increasing attention among the scientific community, thanks to the discovery of their implication in many physio-pathological processes. In particular, their contribution to tumor initiation, progression, and response to treatment has attracted the interest of experts in the oncologic field for their potential clinical application. Testicular cancer is one of the tumors in which lncRNAs role is emerging. Said malignancies already have very effective treatments, which although lead to the development of quite serious treatment-related conditions, such as secondary tumors, infertility, and cardiovascular diseases. It is therefore important to study the impact of lncRNAs in the tumorigenesis of testicular cancer in order to learn how to exploit them in a clinical setting and to substitute more toxic treatments. Eventually, the use of lncRNAs as biomarkers, drug targets, or therapeutics for testicular cancer may represent a valid alternative to that of conventional tools, leading to a better management of this malignancy and its related conditions, and possibly even to the treatment of poor prognosis cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Bresesti
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Researches, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Valeria Vezzoli
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Researches, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
| | - Biagio Cangiano
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Researches, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Bonomi
- Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Medicine, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy
- Lab of Endocrine and Metabolic Researches, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Cusano Milanino, Italy
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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16
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Spadotto V, Giambruno R, Massignani E, Mihailovich M, Maniaci M, Patuzzo F, Ghini F, Nicassio F, Bonaldi T. PRMT1-mediated methylation of the microprocessor-associated proteins regulates microRNA biogenesis. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:96-115. [PMID: 31777917 PMCID: PMC6943135 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz1051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNA (miRNA) biogenesis is a tightly controlled multi-step process operated in the nucleus by the activity of the Microprocessor and its associated proteins. Through high resolution mass spectrometry (MS)- proteomics we discovered that this complex is extensively methylated, with 84 methylated sites associated to 19 out of its 24 subunits. The majority of the modifications occurs on arginine (R) residues (61), leading to 81 methylation events, while 30 lysine (K)-methylation events occurs on 23 sites of the complex. Interestingly, both depletion and pharmacological inhibition of the Type-I Protein Arginine Methyltransferases (PRMTs) lead to a widespread change in the methylation state of the complex and induce global decrease of miRNA expression, as a consequence of the impairment of the pri-to-pre-miRNA processing step. In particular, we show that the reduced methylation of the Microprocessor subunit ILF3 is linked to its diminished binding to the pri-miRNAs miR-15a/16, miR-17-92, miR-301a and miR-331. Our study uncovers a previously uncharacterized role of R-methylation in the regulation of miRNA biogenesis in mammalian cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Spadotto
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Giambruno
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Massignani
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marija Mihailovich
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Marianna Maniaci
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Patuzzo
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Ghini
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Nicassio
- Center for Genomic Science of IIT@SEMM, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Milan, Italy
| | - Tiziana Bonaldi
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milan, Italy
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17
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Ding L, Gu H, Xiong X, Ao H, Cao J, Lin W, Yu M, Lin J, Cui Q. MicroRNAs Involved in Carcinogenesis, Prognosis, Therapeutic Resistance and Applications in Human Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121492. [PMID: 31766744 PMCID: PMC6953059 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive, prevalent, and distinct subtype of breast cancer characterized by high recurrence rates and poor clinical prognosis, devoid of both predictive markers and potential therapeutic targets. MicroRNAs (miRNA/miR) are a family of small, endogenous, non-coding, single-stranded regulatory RNAs that bind to the 3′-untranslated region (3′-UTR) complementary sequences and downregulate the translation of target mRNAs as post-transcriptional regulators. Dysregulation miRNAs are involved in broad spectrum cellular processes of TNBC, exerting their function as oncogenes or tumor suppressors depending on their cellular target involved in tumor initiation, promotion, malignant conversion, and metastasis. In this review, we emphasize on masses of miRNAs that act as oncogenes or tumor suppressors involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), maintenance of stemness, tumor invasion and metastasis, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. We also discuss miRNAs as the targets or as the regulators of dysregulation epigenetic modulation in the carcinogenesis process of TNBC. Furthermore, we show that miRNAs used as potential classification, prognostic, chemotherapy and radiotherapy resistance markers in TNBC. Finally, we present the perspective on miRNA therapeutics with mimics or antagonists, and focus on the challenges of miRNA therapy. This study offers an insight into the role of miRNA in pathology progression of TNBC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Ding
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Huan Gu
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Xianhui Xiong
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Hongshun Ao
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jiaqi Cao
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Wen Lin
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Min Yu
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Jie Lin
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
| | - Qinghua Cui
- Lab of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China; (L.D.); (H.G.); (X.X.); (H.A.); (J.C.); (W.L.); (M.Y.); (J.L.)
- Key Lab of Molecular Cancer Biology, Yunnan Education Department, Kunming 650091, China
- Correspondence:
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Abstract
Nucleolin is an RNA binding protein that is involved in many post-transcriptional regulation steps of messenger RNAs in addition to its nucleolar role in ribosomal RNA transcription and assembly in pre-ribosomes. Acetylated nucleolin was found to be associated with nuclear speckles and to co-localize with the splicing factor SC35. Previous nuclear pull down of nucleolin identified several splicing components and factors involved in RNA polymerase II transcription associated with nucleolin. In this report, we show that these splicing components are specifics of the pre-catalytic A and B spliceosomes, while proteins recruited in the Bact, C and P complexes are absent from the nucleolin interacting proteins. Furthermore, we show that acetylated nucleolin co-localized with P-SF3B1, a marker of co-transcriptional active spliceosomes. P-SF3B1 complexes can be pulled down with nucleolin specific antibodies. Interestingly, the alternative splicing of Fibronectin at the IIICS and EDB sites was affected by nucleolin depletion. These data are consistent with a model where nucleolin could be a factor bridging RNA polymerase II transcription and assembly of pre-catalytic spliceosome similarly to its function in the co-transcriptional maturation of pre-rRNA.
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Gongol B, Marin T, Zhang J, Wang SC, Sun W, He M, Chen S, Chen L, Li J, Liu JH, Martin M, Han Y, Kang J, Johnson DA, Lytle C, Li YS, Huang PH, Chien S, Shyy JYJ. Shear stress regulation of miR-93 and miR-484 maturation through nucleolin. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:12974-12979. [PMID: 31182601 PMCID: PMC6600934 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1902844116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulsatile shear (PS) and oscillatory shear (OS) elicit distinct mechanotransduction signals that maintain endothelial homeostasis or induce endothelial dysfunction, respectively. A subset of microRNAs (miRs) in vascular endothelial cells (ECs) are differentially regulated by PS and OS, but the regulation of the miR processing and its implications in EC biology by shear stress are poorly understood. From a systematic in silico analysis for RNA binding proteins that regulate miR processing, we found that nucleolin (NCL) is a major regulator of miR processing in response to OS and essential for the maturation of miR-93 and miR-484 that target mRNAs encoding Krüppel-like factor 2 (KLF2) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS). Additionally, anti-miR-93 and anti-miR-484 restore KLF2 and eNOS expression and NO bioavailability in ECs under OS. Analysis of posttranslational modifications of NCL identified that serine 328 (S328) phosphorylation by AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) was a major PS-activated event. AMPK phosphorylation of NCL sequesters it in the nucleus, thereby inhibiting miR-93 and miR-484 processing and their subsequent targeting of KLF2 and eNOS mRNA. Elevated levels of miR-93 and miR-484 were found in sera collected from individuals afflicted with coronary artery disease in two cohorts. These findings provide translational relevance of the AMPK-NCL-miR-93/miR-484 axis in miRNA processing in EC health and coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brendan Gongol
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Traci Marin
- Department of Health Sciences, Victor Valley College, Victorville, CA 92395
| | - Jiao Zhang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Shen-Chih Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 115 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Wei Sun
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Ming He
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Shanshan Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China Xi'an, 710029 Xi'an, China
| | - Lili Chen
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China Xi'an, 710029 Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Li
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China Xi'an, 710029 Xi'an, China
| | - Jun-Hui Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Affiliated Hospital of the Medical School, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 710029 Xi'an, China
| | - Marcy Martin
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - Yue Han
- Institute of Mechanobiology and Medical Engineering, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 200240 Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Kang
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093
| | - David A Johnson
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Christian Lytle
- Division of Biomedical Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521
| | - Yi-Shuan Li
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - Po-Hsun Huang
- Cardiovascular Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, 112 Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, 115 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shu Chien
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093;
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
- Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093
| | - John Y-J Shyy
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA 92093;
- Cardiovascular Research Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Ministry of Education of China Xi'an, 710029 Xi'an, China
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20
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Tong Z, Tang Y, Jiang B, Wu Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Xiao X. Phosphorylation of nucleolin is indispensable to upregulate miR-21 and inhibit apoptosis in cardiomyocytes. J Cell Physiol 2019; 234:4044-4053. [PMID: 30256395 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.27191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolin is a multifunctional phosphoprotein and is involved in protecting from myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The function of nucleolin is regulated by posttranslational modifications, including phosphorylation and glycosylation. To study whether phosphorylation of nucleolin (P-nucleolin) was involved in the protection from myocardial I/R injury. We investigated the expression pattern of P-nucleolin (Thr-76 and 84) in hearts subjected to I/R injury, or rat cardiac myoblast cells (H9C2) subjected to hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ). The results showed that the expression of P-nucleolin and the ratio of P-nucleolin/nucleolin were significantly increased both in vivo and in vitro. Mutant nucleolin was obtained by site directed mutagenesis in vitro: threonine at 76 and 84 was replaced by alanine, and we found that the protective effect of nucleolin on apoptosis induced by oxidative stress was dependent on its phosphorylation at 76 and 84 in H9C2 cells. Furthermore, the cardio-protective roles of P-nucleolin (Thr-76 and 84) in H9C2 cardiomyocytes, were attributable to the upregulation of microRNA (miR)-21. Further analysis found that P-nucleolin (Thr-76 and 84) could bind to miR-21, and P-nucleolin colocalized with argonaute 2 (Ago2) in cytoplasm and could interact with Ago2 in a RNA-independent manner under cell oxidative stress. The current study revealed that P-nucleolin (Thr-76 and 84) increased in I/R injury myocardium, P-nucleolin was indispensable to upregulate miR-21 and inhibited apoptosis induced by H 2 O 2 in H9C2 cardiomyocytes. These findings provided new insight into the molecular mechanisms of nucleolin in myocardial I/R injury and oxidative stress cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongyi Tong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyang Wu
- Department of Microbiology, Food Science and Technology College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanbin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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21
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The role and mechanisms of action of microRNAs in cancer drug resistance. Clin Epigenetics 2019; 11:25. [PMID: 30744689 PMCID: PMC6371621 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0587-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 482] [Impact Index Per Article: 80.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs with a length of about 19–25 nt, which can regulate various target genes and are thus involved in the regulation of a variety of biological and pathological processes, including the formation and development of cancer. Drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy is one of the main obstacles to curing this malignant disease. Statistical data indicate that over 90% of the mortality of patients with cancer is related to drug resistance. Drug resistance of cancer chemotherapy can be caused by many mechanisms, such as decreased antitumor drug uptake, modified drug targets, altered cell cycle checkpoints, or increased DNA damage repair, among others. In recent years, many studies have shown that miRNAs are involved in the drug resistance of tumor cells by targeting drug-resistance-related genes or influencing genes related to cell proliferation, cell cycle, and apoptosis. A single miRNA often targets a number of genes, and its regulatory effect is tissue-specific. In this review, we emphasize the miRNAs that are involved in the regulation of drug resistance among different cancers and probe the mechanisms of the deregulated expression of miRNAs. The molecular targets of miRNAs and their underlying signaling pathways are also explored comprehensively. A holistic understanding of the functions of miRNAs in drug resistance will help us develop better strategies to regulate them efficiently and will finally pave the way toward better translation of miRNAs into clinics, developing them into a promising approach in cancer therapy.
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22
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Biersack B. Interplay of non-coding RNAs and approved antimetabolites such as gemcitabine and pemetrexed in mesothelioma. Noncoding RNA Res 2018; 3:213-225. [PMID: 30809600 PMCID: PMC6257890 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 11/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gemcitabine and pemetrexed are clinically approved antimetabolites for the therapy of mesothelioma diseases. These drugs are often applied in combination with platinum complexes and other drugs. The activity of antimetabolites depended on the expression levels of certain non-coding RNAs, in particular, of small microRNAs (miRNAs) and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs). The development of tumor resistance towards antimetabolites was regulated by non-coding RNAs. An overview of the interplay between gemcitabine/pemetrexed antimetabolites and non-coding RNAs in mesothelioma is provided. Further to this, various non-coding RNA-modulating agents are discussed which displayed positive effects on gemcitabine or pemetrexed treatment of mesothelioma diseases. A detailed knowledge of the connections of non-coding RNAs with antimetabolites will be constructive for the design of improved therapies in future.
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Key Words
- AKBA, 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid
- Anticancer drugs
- Bcl-2, B-cell lymphoma 2
- DADS, diallyl sulfide
- DHA, docosahexaenoic acid
- DIM, 3,3‘-diindolylmethane
- DMPM, diffuse malignant peritoneal mesothelioma
- EGCG, epigallocatechin-3-gallate
- EMT, epithelial-mesenchymal transition
- Gemcitabine
- HOTAIR, HOX transcript antisense RNA
- I3C, indole-3-carbinol
- Long non-coding RNA
- MALAT1, metastasis-associated lung adenocarcinoma transcript 1
- MPM, malignant pleural mesothelioma
- Mesothelioma
- MicroRNA
- NSCLC, non-small cell lung cancer
- NaB, sodium butyrate
- PDCD4, programmed cell death 4
- PEG, polyethylene glycole
- PEITC, phenethylisothiocyanate
- PTEN, phosphatase and tensin homolog
- Pemetrexed
- RA, retinoic acid
- SAHA, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid
- SFN, sulforaphane
- TSA, trichostatin A
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23
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Sun H, Tong Z, Fang Y, Jiang B, Liang P, Tang Y, Li Y, Wu Y, Xiao X. Nucleolin protects against doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity via upregulating microRNA-21. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:9516-9525. [PMID: 29968904 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolin is a multifunctional protein and participates in many important biological processes. Our previous study found that nucleolin protects the heart against myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. In this study, we aimed to investigate the role of nucleolin in doxorubicin (DOX)-induced cardiotoxicity. The expression pattern of nucleolin in hearts subjected to DOX injury was investigated, and we found that administration of DOX induced nucleolin expression significantly in vivo and in vitro. Gene transfection and RNA interference approaches were used in cardiomyocytes to investigate the function of nucleolin. Nucleolin overexpression protects cardiomyocytes against DOX-induced injury. Nucleolin-ablated cardiomyocytes become susceptible to the injury induced by DOX. The hearts of cardiac-myocyte-specific nucleolin transgenic mice are more resistant to DOX injury. Furthermore, nucleolin upregulates microRNA(miRNA)-21 expression in vivo and in vitro, and the miRNA-21 inhibitor negates the protective effect of nucleolin against injury induced by DOX. These results have demonstrated that nucleolin is involved in the regulation of DOX-induced cardiac injury and dysfunction via the regulation of miRNA-21 expression, and may be a novel therapeutic target for DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Disease and Key Laboratory for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Zhongyi Tong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yeqing Fang
- Department of Cardiology, Shenzhen Nanshan People's Hospital, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yuanbin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yanyang Wu
- Food Science and Technology College, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Sepsis Translational Medicine Key Laboratory of Hunan Province, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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24
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A stress-induced response complex (SIRC) shuttles miRNAs, siRNAs, and oligonucleotides to the nucleus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E5756-E5765. [PMID: 29866826 PMCID: PMC6016802 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1721346115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The deregulation of miRNA function is critical in the pathogenesis of cancer and other diseases. miRNAs and other noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) tightly regulate gene expression, often in the cell nucleus. Heretofore, there has been no understanding that there exists a general shuttling mechanism that brings miRNAs, in addition to therapeutic oligonucleotides and siRNAs, from the cytoplasm into the nucleus. We have identified this shuttling mechanism, which occurs in response to cell stress. Nuclear imported miRNAs are functional, can potentially alter gene expression, and participate in cell stress response mechanisms. This shuttling mechanism can be augmented to target specific RNAs, including miRNA sponges, and long ncRNAs like Malat-1, which have been implicated in promoting tumor metastasis. Although some information is available for specific subsets of miRNAs and several factors have been shown to bind oligonucleotides (ONs), no general transport mechanism for these molecules has been identified to date. In this work, we demonstrate that the nuclear transport of ONs, siRNAs, and miRNAs responds to cellular stress. Furthermore, we have identified a stress-induced response complex (SIRC), which includes Ago-1 and Ago-2 in addition to the transcription and splicing regulators YB1, CTCF, FUS, Smad1, Smad3, and Smad4. The SIRC transports endogenous miRNAs, siRNAs, and ONs to the nucleus. We show that cellular stress can significantly increase ON- or siRNA-directed splicing switch events and endogenous miRNA targeting of nuclear RNAs.
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25
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Satake Y, Kuwano Y, Nishikawa T, Fujita K, Saijo S, Itai M, Tanaka H, Nishida K, Rokutan K. Nucleolin facilitates nuclear retention of an ultraconserved region containing TRA2β4 and accelerates colon cancer cell growth. Oncotarget 2018; 9:26817-26833. [PMID: 29928487 PMCID: PMC6003563 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.25510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Transcribed-ultraconserved regions (T-UCRs), which contain conserved sequences with 100% identity across human, rat and mouse species, are a novel category of functional RNAs. The human transformer 2β gene (TRA2B) encodes a UCR that spans exon 2 (276 bp) and its neighboring introns. Among five spliced RNA variants (TRA2β1-5) transcribed from the TRA2B gene, only TRA2β4 contains the conserved exon 2. TRA2β4 is overexpressed in colon cancer cells and accelerates cell growth by blocking the transcription of CDKN1A. However, the mechanisms underlying the overexpression of TRA2β4 in colon cancer cells are unknown. Using biotinylated RNA pull-down assays followed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometric analysis, we identified nucleolin as a TRA2β4-binding protein. Knockdown of nucleolin reduced the nuclear retention of TRA2β4 and accelerated its degradation in the cytoplasm, whereas nucleolin overexpression increased TRA2β4 levels and its mitogenic activity. Nucleolin directly bound to TRA2β4 exon 2 via the glycine/arginine-rich (GAR) domain. Overexpression of GAR-deficient nucleolin failed to increase TRA2β4 expression and growth of colon cancer cells. RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that TRA2β4 co-localized with nucleolin in nuclei but not with the mutant lacking GAR. Our results suggest that specific interactions between nucleolin and UCR-containing TRA2β4 may be associated with abnormal growth of colon cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzuru Satake
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Yuki Kuwano
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Nishikawa
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kinuyo Fujita
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Saki Saijo
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Miki Itai
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Hiroki Tanaka
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kensei Nishida
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Rokutan
- Department of Pathophysiology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan
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26
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Gregório AC, Lacerda M, Figueiredo P, Simões S, Dias S, Moreira JN. Meeting the needs of breast cancer: A nucleolin's perspective. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 125:89-101. [PMID: 29650282 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Revised: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 03/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge in the management of breast cancer disease has been the development of metastases. Finding new molecular targets and the design of targeted therapeutic approaches to improve the overall survival and quality of life of these patients is, therefore, of great importance. Nucleolin, which is overexpressed in cancer cells and tumor-associated blood vessels, have been implicated in various processes supporting tumorigenesis and angiogenesis. Additionally, its overexpression has been demonstrated in a variety of human neoplasias as an unfavorable prognostic factor, associated with a high risk of relapse and low overall survival. Hence, nucleolin has emerged as a relevant target for therapeutic intervention in cancer malignancy, including breast cancer. This review focus on the contribution of nucleolin for cancer disease and on the development of therapeutic strategies targeting this protein. In this respect, it also provides a critical analysis about the potential and pitfalls of nanomedicine for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C Gregório
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Manuela Lacerda
- IPATIMUP - Institute of Molecular Pathology and Immunology, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo Figueiredo
- IPOFG-EPE - Portuguese Institute of Oncology Francisco Gentil, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Simões
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Sérgio Dias
- IMM - Institute of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Nuno Moreira
- CNC - Center for Neurosciences and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal; FFUC - Faculty of Pharmacy, Pólo das Ciências da Saúde, University of Coimbra, 3000-354 Coimbra, Portugal.
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27
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Kucherenko MM, Shcherbata HR. miRNA targeting and alternative splicing in the stress response - events hosted by membrane-less compartments. J Cell Sci 2018; 131:131/4/jcs202002. [PMID: 29444950 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.202002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Stress can be temporary or chronic, and mild or acute. Depending on its extent and severity, cells either alter their metabolism, and adopt a new state, or die. Fluctuations in environmental conditions occur frequently, and such stress disturbs cellular homeostasis, but in general, stresses are reversible and last only a short time. There is increasing evidence that regulation of gene expression in response to temporal stress happens post-transcriptionally in specialized subcellular membrane-less compartments called ribonucleoprotein (RNP) granules. RNP granules assemble through a concentration-dependent liquid-liquid phase separation of RNA-binding proteins that contain low-complexity sequence domains (LCDs). Interestingly, many factors that regulate microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis and alternative splicing are RNA-binding proteins that contain LCDs and localize to stress-induced liquid-like compartments. Consequently, gene silencing through miRNAs and alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs are emerging as crucial post-transcriptional mechanisms that function on a genome-wide scale to regulate the cellular stress response. In this Review, we describe the interplay between these two post-transcriptional processes that occur in liquid-like compartments as an adaptive cellular response to stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariya M Kucherenko
- Max Planck Research Group of Gene Expression and Signaling, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Halyna R Shcherbata
- Max Planck Research Group of Gene Expression and Signaling, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Am Fassberg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
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28
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Lyu QL, Jiang BM, Zhou B, Sun L, Tong ZY, Li YB, Tang YT, Sun H, Liu MD, Xiao XZ. MicroRNA Profiling of Transgenic Mice with Myocardial Overexpression of Nucleolin. Chin Med J (Engl) 2018; 131:339-346. [PMID: 29363650 PMCID: PMC5798056 DOI: 10.4103/0366-6999.223853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nucleolin (NCL) is the most abundant RNA-binding protein in the cell nucleolus and plays an important role in chromatin stability, ribosome assembly, ribosomal RNA maturation, ribosomal DNA transcription, nucleocytoplasmic transport, and regulation of RNA stability and translation efficiency. In addition to its anti-apoptotic properties, the underlying mechanisms associated with NCL-related roles in different cellular processes remain unclear. In this study, the effect of NCL on microRNA (miRNA) expression was evaluated by generating transgenic mice with myocardial overexpression of NCL and by analyzing microarrays of mature and precursor miRNAs from mice. METHODS Using microinjection of alpha-MyHc clone 26-NCL plasmids, we generated transgenic mice with myocardial overexpression of NCL firstly, and then mature and precursor miRNAs expression profiles were analyzed in NCL transgenic mice (n = 3) and wild-type (WT) mice (n = 3) by miRNA microarrays. Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 16.0 software (SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) was used to perform Student's t-test, and statistical significance was determined at P < 0.05. RESULTS Several miRNAs were found to be differentially expressed, of which 11 were upregulated and 4 were downregulated in transgenic mice with myocardial overexpression of NCL compared to those in WT mice. Several differentially expressed miRNAs were subsequently confirmed and quantified by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Bioinformatics analysis was used for the prediction of miRNA targets. Furthermore, in vitro experiments showed that NCL regulated miR-21 expression following hydrogen peroxide preconditioning. CONCLUSIONS Myocardial-protection mechanisms exerted by NCL might be mediated by the miRNAs identified in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Lan Lyu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Bi-Mei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Bin Zhou
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, China
| | - Li Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Tong
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410000, China
| | - Yuan-Bin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Yu-Ting Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Hui Sun
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Mei-Dong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xian-Zhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
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29
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Wolfson E, Solomon S, Schmukler E, Goldshmit Y, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Nucleolin and ErbB2 inhibition reduces tumorigenicity of ErbB2-positive breast cancer. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:47. [PMID: 29352243 PMCID: PMC5833446 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-017-0067-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 10/01/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
ErbB2, a member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases, is an essential player in the cell's growth and proliferation signaling pathways. Amplification or overexpression of ErbB2 is observed in ∼30% of breast cancer patients, and often drives cellular transformation and cancer development. Recently, we have shown that ErbB2 interacts with the nuclear-cytoplasmic shuttling protein nucleolin, an interaction which enhances cell transformation in vitro, and increases mortality risk and disease progression rate in human breast cancer patients. Given these results, and since acquired resistance to anti-ErbB2-targeted therapy is a major obstacle in treatment of breast cancer, we have examined the therapeutic potential of targeting the ErbB2-nucleolin complex. The effect of the nucleolin-specific inhibitor GroA (AS1411) on ErbB2-positive breast cancer was tested in vivo, in a mouse xenograft model for breast cancer; as well as in vitro, alone and in combination with the ErbB2 kinase-inhibitor tyrphostin AG-825. Here, we show that in vivo treatment of ErbB2-positive breast tumor xenografts with GroA reduces tumor size and leads to decreased ErbB2-mediated signaling. Moreover, we found that co-treatment of breast cancer cell lines with GroA and the ErbB2 kinase-inhibitor tyrphostin AG-825 enhances the anti-cancer effects exerted by GroA alone in terms of cell viability, mortality, migration, and invasiveness. We, therefore, suggest a novel therapeutic approach, consisting of combined inhibition of ErbB2 and nucleolin, which has the potential to improve breast cancer treatment efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eya Wolfson
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Shira Solomon
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Eran Schmukler
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Yona Goldshmit
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Ronit Pinkas-Kramarski
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Life Science, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel.
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30
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Rouleau SG, Garant JM, Bolduc F, Bisaillon M, Perreault JP. G-Quadruplexes influence pri-microRNA processing. RNA Biol 2017; 15:198-206. [PMID: 29171334 DOI: 10.1080/15476286.2017.1405211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA G-Quadruplexes (G4) have been shown to possess many biological functions, including the regulation of microRNA (miRNA) biogenesis and function. However, their impact on pri-miRNA processing remains unknown. We identified G4 located near the Drosha cleavage site in three distinct pri-miRNAs: pri-mir200c, pri-mir451a, and pri-mir497. The folding of the potential G4 motifs was determined in solution. Subsequently, mutations disrupting G4 folding led to important changes in the mature miRNAs levels in cells. Moreover, using small antisense oligonucleotides binding to the pri-miRNA, it was possible to modulate, either positively or negatively, the mature miRNA levels. Together, these data demonstrate that G4 motifs could contribute to the regulation of pri-mRNA processing, a novel role for G4. Considering that bio-informatics screening indicates that between 9% and 50% of all pri-miRNAs contain a putative G4, these structures possess interesting potential as future therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel G Rouleau
- a Département de Biochimie, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer , Université de , Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
| | - Jean-Michel Garant
- a Département de Biochimie, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer , Université de , Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
| | - François Bolduc
- a Département de Biochimie, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer , Université de , Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
| | - Martin Bisaillon
- a Département de Biochimie, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer , Université de , Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
| | - Jean-Pierre Perreault
- a Département de Biochimie, Pavillon de Recherche Appliquée sur le Cancer , Université de , Sherbrooke, 3201 Jean-Mignault, Sherbrooke , Québec , Canada
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31
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Jia W, Yao Z, Zhao J, Guan Q, Gao L. New perspectives of physiological and pathological functions of nucleolin (NCL). Life Sci 2017; 186:1-10. [PMID: 28751161 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2017.07.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2017] [Revised: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 07/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is a multifunctional protein that mainly localized in the nucleolus, it is also found in the nucleoplasm, cytoplasm and cell membrane. The three main structural domains allow the interaction of NCL with different proteins and RNA sequences. Moreover, specific post-translational modifications and its shuttling property also contribute to its multifunctionality. NCL has been demonstrated to be involved in a variety of aspects such as ribosome biogenesis, chromatin organization and stability, DNA and RNA metabolism, cytokinesis, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, apoptosis regulation, stress response and microRNA processing. NCL has been increasingly implicated in several pathological processes, especially in tumorigenesis and viral infection, which makes NCL a potential target for the development of anti-tumor and anti-viral strategies. In this review, we present an overview on the structure, localizations and various functions of NCL, and further describe how the multiple functions of NCL are correlated to its multiple cellular distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenyu Jia
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Zhenyu Yao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Jiajun Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Qingbo Guan
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China
| | - Ling Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Endocrinology and Lipid Metabolism, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China; Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Jinan, Shandong Province, PR China.
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Kumar S, Gomez EC, Chalabi-Dchar M, Rong C, Das S, Ugrinova I, Gaume X, Monier K, Mongelard F, Bouvet P. Integrated analysis of mRNA and miRNA expression in HeLa cells expressing low levels of Nucleolin. Sci Rep 2017; 7:9017. [PMID: 28827664 PMCID: PMC5567140 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09353-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin is an essential protein that plays important roles in the regulation of cell cycle and cell proliferation. Its expression is up regulated in many cancer cells but its molecular functions are not well characterized. Nucleolin is present in the nucleus where it regulates gene expression at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. Using HeLa cells depleted in nucleolin we performed an mRNA and miRNA transcriptomics analysis to identify biological pathways involving nucleolin. Bioinformatic analysis strongly points to a role of nucleolin in lipid metabolism, and in many signaling pathways. Down regulation of nucleolin is associated with lower level of cholesterol while the amount of fatty acids is increased. This could be explained by the decreased and mis-localized expression of the transcription factor SREBP1 and the down-regulation of enzymes involved in the beta-oxidation and degradation of fatty acids. Functional classification of the miRNA-mRNA target genes revealed that deregulated miRNAs target genes involved in apoptosis, proliferation and signaling pathways. Several of these deregulated miRNAs have been shown to control lipid metabolism. This integrated transcriptomic analysis uncovers new unexpected roles for nucleolin in metabolic regulation and signaling pathways paving the way to better understand the global function of nucleolin within the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanjeev Kumar
- BioCOS Life Sciences Private Limited, AECS Layout, B-Block, Singasandra Hosur Road SAAMI Building, 851/A, 3rd Floor, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
| | - Elizabhet Cruz Gomez
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Mounira Chalabi-Dchar
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Cong Rong
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Sadhan Das
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Iva Ugrinova
- Institute of Molecular Biology "Acad. Roumen Tsanev" Bulgarian Academy of Sciences "Acad. G Bonchev str. bl. 21, 1113, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Xavier Gaume
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Karine Monier
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Fabien Mongelard
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Université de Lyon, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Lyon, Cancer Cell Plasticity Department, UMR INSERM 1052 CNRS, 5286, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France.
- Université de Lyon, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.
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33
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Li Y, Jiang B, Liang P, Tong Z, Liu M, Lv Q, Liu Y, Liu X, Tang Y, Xiao X. Nucleolin protects macrophages from oxLDL-induced foam cell formation through up-regulating ABCA1 expression. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 486:364-371. [PMID: 28315324 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 03/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Our recent studies have indicated that nucleolin, as a multifunctional RNA-binding protein, exerts protective effects in the myocardial cells and endothelial cells under the condition of oxidative stress. However, the function of nucleolin and its potential mechanism in macrophage-derived foam cell formation remain largely unexplored. ApoE-/- mice were fed with a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10-24 weeks. Protein expression was measured by western blotting or immunofluorescence, and gene expression at the mRNA level was detected by qRT-PCR. The level of lipid in macrophages was examined by Oil Red O staining, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and NBD-cholesterol. Actinomycin D (Act D) was used to determine the stability of ABCA1 mRNA in macrophages. The interaction of nucleolin with ABCA1 mRNA was assessed using co-immunoprecipitation (co-IP). The aortas advanced plaques demonstrated significantly lower levels of nucleolin protein compared with early plaques in ApoE-/- mice, in which the macrophage foam cells occupied main body. Nucleolin expression at the mRNA and protein levels in RAW264.7 macrophages was significantly reduced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, nucleolin overexpression markedly attenuated lipid accumulation in oxLDL-challenged macrophages through increasing cholesterol efflux. In addition, nucleolin overexpression significantly increased the expression of ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) at the mRNA and protein levels without affecting expressions of scavenger receptors (SR)-A, SR-B1, CD36 and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) at the mRNA level. Moreover, nucleolin overexpression increased the stability of ABCA1 mRNA in macrophages, whereas nucleolin ablation abrogated the oxLDL-induced up-regulation of ABCA1. The up-regulation of ABCA1 by nucleolin resulted from its protein-RNA interaction. Our data suggested that nucleolin inhibited foam cell formation through enhancing stability of ABCA1 mRNA and subsequently increasing cholesterol efflux.
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MESH Headings
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1/metabolism
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/genetics
- ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 1/metabolism
- Animals
- Apolipoproteins E/deficiency
- Apolipoproteins E/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/etiology
- Atherosclerosis/genetics
- Atherosclerosis/metabolism
- Atherosclerosis/pathology
- Biological Transport/drug effects
- CD36 Antigens/genetics
- CD36 Antigens/metabolism
- Cell Differentiation
- Cell Line
- Cholesterol/metabolism
- Diet, High-Fat
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Foam Cells/drug effects
- Foam Cells/metabolism
- Foam Cells/pathology
- Gene Expression Regulation
- Hyperlipidemias/etiology
- Hyperlipidemias/genetics
- Hyperlipidemias/metabolism
- Hyperlipidemias/pathology
- Lipoproteins, LDL/pharmacology
- Macrophages/drug effects
- Macrophages/metabolism
- Macrophages/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Mice, Knockout
- Phosphoproteins/genetics
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- RNA Stability
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Messenger/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Scavenger Receptors, Class A/genetics
- Scavenger Receptors, Class A/metabolism
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B/genetics
- Scavenger Receptors, Class B/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Nucleolin
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanbin Li
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Bimei Jiang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China.
| | - Pengfei Liang
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Zhongyi Tong
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Meidong Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Qinglan Lv
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Yanjuan Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Xuanyou Liu
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Yuting Tang
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, PR China
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Song J, Ouyang Y, Che J, Li X, Zhao Y, Yang K, Zhao X, Chen Y, Fan C, Yuan W. Potential Value of miR-221/222 as Diagnostic, Prognostic, and Therapeutic Biomarkers for Diseases. Front Immunol 2017; 8:56. [PMID: 28261196 PMCID: PMC5311065 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2017.00056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression by base pairing with their target messenger RNAs. Dysregulation of miRNAs is involved in the pathological initiation and progression of many human diseases. miR-221 and miR-222 (miR-221/222) are two highly homologous miRNAs, and they are significantly overexpressed in several types of human diseases. Silencing miR-221/222 could represent a promising approach for therapeutic studies. In the present review, we will describe the potential value of miR-221/222 as diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic biomarkers in various diseases including cancer and inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialin Song
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanming Ouyang
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China; Shanghai University of Medicine & Health, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital East Campus, Shanghai, China
| | - Junyi Che
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaoming Li
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yi Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Kejia Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xiaotian Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Yinghui Chen
- Department of Neurology, Jinshan Hospital, Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Cunyi Fan
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital , Shanghai , China
| | - Weien Yuan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai , China
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35
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D'Avino C, Palmieri D, Braddom A, Zanesi N, James C, Cole S, Salvatore F, Croce CM, De Lorenzo C. A novel fully human anti-NCL immunoRNase for triple-negative breast cancer therapy. Oncotarget 2016; 7:87016-87030. [PMID: 27894092 PMCID: PMC5349967 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide. A new promising anti-cancer therapy involves the use of monoclonal antibodies specific for target tumor-associated antigens (TAAs). A TAA of interest for immunotherapy of Triple Negative Breast Cancer (TNBC) is nucleolin (NCL), a multifunctional protein, selectively expressed on the surface of cancer cells, which regulates the biogenesis of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in tumor development and drug-resistance. We previously isolated a novel human anti-NCL scFv, called 4LB5, that is endowed with selective anti-tumor effects. Here we report the construction and characterization of a novel immunoRNase constituted by 4LB5 and a human pancreatic RNase (HP-RNase) called "4LB5-HP-RNase". This immunoRNase retains both the enzymatic activity of human pancreatic RNase and the specific binding of the parental scFv to a panel of surface NCL-positive breast cancer cells. Notably, 4LB5-HP-RNase dramatically and selectively reduced the viability and proliferation of NCL-positive tumor cells in vitro and in vivo. Specifically, it induced apoptosis and reduced the levels of the tumorigenic miRNAs miR-21, -221 and -222. Thus, this novel immunoagent could be a valuable tool for the treatment of TNBC patients ineligible for currently available targeted treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara D'Avino
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Advanced Biotechnology S.C.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Dario Palmieri
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210 Ohio, USA
| | - Ashley Braddom
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210 Ohio, USA
| | - Nicola Zanesi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210 Ohio, USA
| | - Cindy James
- Department of Mass Spectroscopy and Proteomics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210 Ohio, USA
| | - Sara Cole
- Campus Microscopy and Imaging Facility, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210 Ohio, USA
| | | | - Carlo M. Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210 Ohio, USA
| | - Claudia De Lorenzo
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnology, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Ceinge Advanced Biotechnology S.C.ar.l., 80145 Naples, Italy
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36
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Abstract
Nucleolin, a multifunctional protein distributed in the nucleolus, participates in many modulations including rDNA transcription, RNA metabolism, and ribosome assembly. Nucleolin is also found in the cytoplasm and on the cell membrane, and surface nucleolin can bind to various ligands to affect many physiological functions. The expression and localization of nucleolin is often abnormal in cancers, as the differential distribution of nucleolin in cancer can influence the carcinogenesis, proliferation, survival, and metastasis of cancer cells, leading to the cancer progression. Thus, nucleolin may be a novel and promising target for anti-cancer treatment. Here, we describe how nucleolin act functions in cancer development and describe nucleolin-dependent anti-cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Chen
- Department of Oncology, The First College of Clinical Medical Science, China Three Gorges University & Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang, China. E-mail.
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37
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Wolfson E, Goldenberg M, Solomon S, Frishberg A, Pinkas-Kramarski R. Nucleolin-binding by ErbB2 enhances tumorigenicity of ErbB2-positive breast cancer. Oncotarget 2016; 7:65320-65334. [PMID: 27542246 PMCID: PMC5323158 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.11323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
ErbB2 is an important member of the ErbB family, which activates growth and proliferation signaling pathways. ErbB2 is often overexpressed in various malignancies, especially in breast cancer, and is a common target for anti-cancer drugs. Breast cancer is currently one of the leading mortality causes in women, and acquired resistance to ErbB2-targeted therapies is a major obstacle in its treatment. Thus, understanding ErbB2-mediated signaling is crucial for further development of anti-cancer therapeutics and disease treatment. Previously, we have reported that the ErbB receptors interact with the major nucleolar protein nucleolin. In addition to its function in the nucleoli of cells, nucleolin participates in various cellular processes at the cytoplasm and cell-surface. Deregulated nucleolin is frequently overexpressed on the membrane of cancer cells. Here, we show that nucleolin increases colony formation and anchorage-independent growth of ErbB2-overexpressing cells. Importantly, this enhanced tumorigenicity also occurs in human ErbB2-positive breast cancer patients; namely, nucleolin overexpression in these patients is associated with reduced patient survival rates and increased disease-risk. ErbB2-nucleolin complexes are formed endogenously in both normal and cancer cells, and their effect on tumorigenicity is mediated through activation of ErbB2 signaling. Accordingly, nucleolin inhibition reduces cell viability and ErbB2 activation in ErbB2-positive cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eya Wolfson
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Maria Goldenberg
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Shira Solomon
- Department of Neurobiology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
| | - Amit Frishberg
- Department of Cell Research and Immunology, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat-Aviv, 69978, Israel
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38
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Girvan HM, Bradley JM, Cheesman MR, Kincaid JR, Liu Y, Czarnecki K, Fisher K, Leys D, Rigby SEJ, Munro AW. Analysis of Heme Iron Coordination in DGCR8: The Heme-Binding Component of the Microprocessor Complex. Biochemistry 2016; 55:5073-83. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.6b00204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hazel M. Girvan
- Centre
for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Specialty Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM),
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Justin M. Bradley
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - Myles R. Cheesman
- School
of Chemistry, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, U.K
| | - James R. Kincaid
- Department
of Chemistry, Marquette University, 535 North 14th Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - Yilin Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Marquette University, 535 North 14th Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - Kazimierz Czarnecki
- Department
of Chemistry, Marquette University, 535 North 14th Street, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53233, United States
| | - Karl Fisher
- Centre
for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Specialty Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM),
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - David Leys
- Centre
for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Specialty Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM),
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Stephen E. J. Rigby
- Centre
for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Specialty Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM),
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
| | - Andrew W. Munro
- Centre
for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Specialty Chemicals (SYNBIOCHEM),
Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, U.K
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39
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Subramanian N, Srimany A, Kanwar JR, Kanwar RK, Akilandeswari B, Rishi P, Khetan V, Vasudevan M, Pradeep T, Krishnakumar S. Nucleolin-aptamer therapy in retinoblastoma: molecular changes and mass spectrometry-based imaging. MOLECULAR THERAPY. NUCLEIC ACIDS 2016; 5:e358. [PMID: 27574784 PMCID: PMC5023409 DOI: 10.1038/mtna.2016.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Retinoblastoma (RB) is an intraocular childhood tumor which, if left untreated, leads to blindness and mortality. Nucleolin (NCL) protein which is differentially expressed on the tumor cell surface, binds ligands and regulates carcinogenesis and angiogenesis. We found that NCL is over expressed in RB tumor tissues and cell lines compared to normal retina. We studied the effect of nucleolin-aptamer (NCL-APT) to reduce proliferation in RB tumor cells. Aptamer treatment on the RB cell lines (Y79 and WERI-Rb1) led to significant inhibition of cell proliferation. Locked nucleic acid (LNA) modified NCL-APT administered subcutaneously (s.c.) near tumor or intraperitoneally (i.p.) in Y79 xenografted nude mice resulted in 26 and 65% of tumor growth inhibition, respectively. Downregulation of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins, tumor miRNA-18a, altered serum cytokines, and serum miRNA-18a levels were observed upon NCL-APT treatment. Desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (DESI MS)-based imaging of cell lines and tumor tissues revealed changes in phosphatidylcholines levels upon treatment. Thus, our study provides proof of concept illustrating NCL-APT-based targeted therapeutic strategy and use of DESI MS-based lipid imaging in monitoring therapeutic responses in RB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nithya Subramanian
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India.,Nanomedicine Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Amitava Srimany
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Jagat R Kanwar
- Nanomedicine Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Rupinder K Kanwar
- Nanomedicine Laboratory of Immunology and Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SoM), Centre for Molecular and Medical Research (C-MMR), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Balachandran Akilandeswari
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India
| | - Pukhraj Rishi
- Department of Ocular Oncology and Vitreo Retina, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | - Vikas Khetan
- Department of Ocular Oncology and Vitreo Retina, Medical Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India
| | | | - Thalappil Pradeep
- DST Unit of Nanoscience and Thematic Unit of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, India
| | - Subramanian Krishnakumar
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India.,L&T Ocular Pathology Department, Vision Research Foundation, Kamalnayan Bajaj Institute for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology, Chennai, India
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40
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Biersack B. Current state of phenolic and terpenoidal dietary factors and natural products as non-coding RNA/microRNA modulators for improved cancer therapy and prevention. Noncoding RNA Res 2016; 1:12-34. [PMID: 30159408 PMCID: PMC6096431 DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2016.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/20/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The epigenetic regulation of cancer cells by small non-coding RNA molecules, the microRNAs (miRNAs), has raised particular interest in the field of oncology. These miRNAs play crucial roles concerning pathogenic properties of cancer cells and the sensitivity of cancer cells towards anticancer drugs. Certain miRNAs are responsible for an enhanced activity of drugs, while others lead to the formation of tumor resistance. In addition, miRNAs regulate survival and proliferation of cancer cells, in particular of cancer stem-like cells (CSCs), that are especially drug-resistant and, thus, cause tumor relapse in many cases. Various small molecule compounds were discovered that target miRNAs that are known to modulate tumor aggressiveness and drug resistance. This review comprises the effects of naturally occurring small molecules (phenolic compounds and terpenoids) on miRNAs involved in cancer diseases.
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Key Words
- 1,25-D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3
- 18-AGA, 18α-glycyrrhetinic acid
- 3,6-DHF, 3,6-dihydroxyflavone
- AKBA, 3-acetyl-11-keto-β-boswellic acid
- Anticancer drugs
- CAPE, caffeic acid phenethyl ester
- CDODA-Me, methyl 2-cyano-3,11-dioxo-18β-olean-1,12-dien-30-oate
- Dox, doxorubicin
- EGCG, (−)-epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate
- MicroRNA
- PEG, polyethylene glycol
- PPAP, polycyclic polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol
- Polyphenols
- RA, retinoic acid
- ROS, reactive oxygen species
- TQ, thymoquinone
- Terpenes
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernhard Biersack
- Organic Chemistry Laboratory, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
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Atwood BL, Woolnough JL, Lefevre GM, Saint Just Ribeiro M, Felsenfeld G, Giles KE. Human Argonaute 2 Is Tethered to Ribosomal RNA through MicroRNA Interactions. J Biol Chem 2016; 291:17919-28. [PMID: 27288410 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.725051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary role of the RNAi machinery is to promote mRNA degradation within the cytoplasm in a microRNA-dependent manner. However, both Dicer and the Argonaute protein family have expanded roles in gene regulation within the nucleus. To further our understanding of this role, we have identified chromatin binding sites for AGO2 throughout the 45S region of the human rRNA gene. The location of these sites was mirrored by the positions of AGO2 cross-linking sites identified via PAR-CLIP-seq. AGO2 binding to the rRNA within the nucleus was confirmed by RNA immunoprecipitation and quantitative-PCR. To explore a possible mechanism by which AGO2 could be recruited to the rRNA, we identified 1174 regions within the 45S rRNA transcript that have the ability to form a perfect duplex with position 2-6 (seed sequence) of each microRNA expressed in HEK293T cells. Of these potential AGO2 binding sites, 479 occurred within experimentally verified AGO2-rRNA cross-linking sites. The ability of AGO2 to cross-link to rRNA was almost completely lost in a DICER knock-out cell line. The transfection of miR-92a-2-3p into the noDICE cell line facilitated AGO2 cross-linking at a region of the rRNA that has a perfect seed match at positions 3-8, including a single G-U base pair. Knockdown of AGO2 within HEK293T cells causes a slight, but statistically significant increase in the overall rRNA synthesis rate but did not impact the ratio of processing intermediates or the recruitment of the Pol I transcription factor UBTF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blake L Atwood
- From the UAB Stem Cell Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35209 and
| | - Jessica L Woolnough
- From the UAB Stem Cell Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35209 and
| | - Gaelle M Lefevre
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Mariana Saint Just Ribeiro
- From the UAB Stem Cell Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35209 and
| | - Gary Felsenfeld
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, NIDDK, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Keith E Giles
- From the UAB Stem Cell Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35209 and
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42
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Saha S, Chakraborty A, Bandyopadhyay SS. Stabilization of Oncostatin-M mRNA by Binding of Nucleolin to a GC-Rich Element in Its 3'UTR. J Cell Biochem 2016; 117:988-99. [PMID: 26399567 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Oncostatin-M (OSM) is a patho-physiologically important pleiotropic, multifunctional cytokine. OSM mRNA sequence analysis revealed that its 3'UTR contains three highly conserved GC-rich cis-elements (GCREs) whose role in mRNA stability is unidentified. In the present study, the functional role of the proximal GC-rich region of osm 3'-UTR (GCRE-1) in post-transcriptional regulation of osm expression in U937 cells was assessed by transfecting construct containing GCRE-1 at 3'-end of a fairly stable reporter gene followed by analysis of the expression of the reporter. GCRE-1 showed mRNA destabilizing activity; however, upon PMA treatment the reporter message containing GCRE-1 was stabilized. This stabilization is owing to a time-dependent progressive binding of trans-factors (at least five proteins) to GCRE-1 post-PMA treatment. Nucleolin was identified as one of the proteins in the RNP complex of GCRE-1 with PMA-treated U937 cytosolic extracts by oligo-dT affinity chromatography of poly-adenylated GCRE-1. Immuno-blot revealed time-dependent enhancement of nucleolin in the cytoplasm which in turn directly binds GCRE-1. RNA co-immunoprecipitation confirmed the GCRE-1-nucleolin interaction in vivo. To elucidate the functional role of nucleolin in stabilization of osm mRNA, nucleolin was overexpressed in U937 cells and found to stabilize the intrinsic osm mRNA, where co-transfection with the reporter containing GCRE-1 confirms the role of GCRE-1 in stabilization of the reporter mRNA. Thus, in conclusion, the results asserted that PMA treatment in U937 cells leads to cytoplasmic translocation of nucleolin that directly binds GCRE-1, one of the major GC-rich instability elements, thereby stabilizing the osm mRNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sucharita Saha
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Alina Chakraborty
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
| | - Sumita Sengupta Bandyopadhyay
- Department of Biophysics, Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics, University of Calcutta, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata, 700009, India
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43
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Di Martino MT, Rossi M, Caracciolo D, Gullà A, Tagliaferri P, Tassone P. Mir-221/222 are promising targets for innovative anticancer therapy. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1099-108. [PMID: 26959615 DOI: 10.1517/14728222.2016.1164693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are key non-coding RNA post-transcriptional regulators of messenger RNAs (mRNAs), and are deeply dysregulated in human cancer. A rising body of evidence indicates that miRNAs represent valuable therapeutic targets. In this light, the cluster miR-221/222 are of particular relevance, given that they are strongly upregulated in a variety of solid and hematologic malignancies. AREA COVERED This review summarizes recent findings on the roles played by miR-221/222 in human cancer and their potential clinical value as promising targets for therapeutic studies. EXPERT OPINION The rising body of advanced preclinical evidence on the biological significance of miR-221/222 in a variety of malignancies indicates that they will play a crucial role in the future of innovative therapeutic strategies, both as validated biomarkers and targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Di Martino
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Marco Rossi
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Daniele Caracciolo
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Annamaria Gullà
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierosandro Tagliaferri
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy
| | - Pierfrancesco Tassone
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine , Magna Graecia University, Salvatore Venuta University Campus , Catanzaro , Italy.,b Sbarro Institute for Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Center for Biotechnology, College of Science and Technology , Temple University , Philadelphia , PA , USA
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44
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Lü M, Tian H, Cao YX, He X, Chen L, Song X, Ping P, Huang H, Sun F. Downregulation of miR-320a/383-sponge-like long non-coding RNA NLC1-C (narcolepsy candidate-region 1 genes) is associated with male infertility and promotes testicular embryonal carcinoma cell proliferation. Cell Death Dis 2015; 6:e1960. [PMID: 26539909 PMCID: PMC4670917 DOI: 10.1038/cddis.2015.267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), which are extensively transcribed from the genome, have been proposed to be key regulators of diverse biological processes. However, little is known about the role of lncRNAs in regulating spermatogenesis in human males. Here, using microarray technology, we show altered expression of lncRNAs in the testes of infertile men with maturation arrest (MA) or hypospermatogenesis (Hypo), with 757 and 2370 differentially down-regulated and 475 and 163 up-regulated lncRNAs in MA and Hypo, respectively. These findings were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) assays on select lncRNAs, including HOTTIP, imsrna320, imsrna292 and NLC1-C (narcolepsy candidate-region 1 genes). Interestingly, NLC1-C, also known as long intergenic non-protein-coding RNA162 (LINC00162), was down-regulated in the cytoplasm and accumulated in the nucleus of spermatogonia and primary spermatocytes in the testes of infertile men with mixed patterns of MA compared with normal control. The accumulation of NLC1-C in the nucleus repressed miR-320a and miR-383 transcript and promoted testicular embryonal carcinoma cell proliferation by binding to Nucleolin. Here, we define a novel mechanism by which lncRNAs modulate miRNA expression at the transcriptional level by binding to RNA-binding proteins to regulate human spermatogenesis.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Carcinoma, Embryonal/genetics
- Carcinoma, Embryonal/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Embryonal/pathology
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Proliferation/genetics
- Down-Regulation
- Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells/metabolism
- Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells/physiology
- Humans
- Infertility, Male/genetics
- Infertility, Male/metabolism
- Infertility, Male/pathology
- Male
- MicroRNAs/genetics
- MicroRNAs/metabolism
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/genetics
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/metabolism
- Neoplasms, Germ Cell and Embryonal/pathology
- Phosphoproteins/metabolism
- RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics
- RNA, Long Noncoding/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
- Testicular Neoplasms/genetics
- Testicular Neoplasms/metabolism
- Testicular Neoplasms/pathology
- Young Adult
- Nucleolin
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lü
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Reproduction Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - H Tian
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Y-x Cao
- Reproduction Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - X He
- Reproduction Medical Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - L Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - X Song
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - P Ping
- Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - H Huang
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - F Sun
- International Peace Maternity & Child Health Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory for Reproductive Medicine, Shanghai, China
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45
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Pan R, Lu R, Zhang Y, Zhu M, Zhu W, Yang R, Zhang E, Ying J, Xu T, Yi H, Li J, Shi M, Zhou L, Xu Z, Li P, Bao Q. Spirulina phycocyanin induces differential protein expression and apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 81:951-9. [PMID: 26410814 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2015] [Revised: 09/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The present study was designed to determine the effects of phycocyanin (PC) on Human ovarian cancer SKOV-3 cells and the underlying molecular mechanisms of action. The inhibitory effects of PC on the cell proliferation were detected by MTT assay. The IC50 values of PC were 182.0μM and 133.6μM for 24h and 48h exposure, respectively. PC induced apoptosis in SKOV-3 cells was observed by electron microscopy and flow cytometry. The apoptosis rate was increased from 1.6% to 19.8% after PC exposure. The fluorescence intensity of ROS and the activities of Caspase-3, Caspase-8, and Caspase-9 were increased. Differentiated expression protein spots were selected and identified using proteomic techniques. There were 698±73 and 683±79 protein spots resolved in untreated and PC-treated cells, respectively. Forty five differential protein spots were analyzed by MALDI-TOF-MS, including mtSSB, PSME3, and nucleolin. The mRNA expression profiles determined by RT-PCR were consistent with that of the two-dimensional electrophoresis. The decreased proteins such as HSP60, nucleolin, PPase, peroxiredoxin-4 and the increased protein (mtSSB) were identified in SKOV-3 cells after PC treatment, indicating that the effects of PC on tumor cell apoptosis may be relate to multiple target proteins. And the mitochondrial pathway may be the main pathway for PC-induced apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rongmao Lu
- Zhejiang Key Lab of Exploitation and Preservation of Coastal Bio-Resource, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mei Zhu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Wen Zhu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Rongrong Yang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | | | - Jun Ying
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Teng Xu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Huiguang Yi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Jinsong Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Mengru Shi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zuyuan Xu
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Peizhen Li
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Qiyu Bao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science/Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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46
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Palmieri D, Richmond T, Piovan C, Sheetz T, Zanesi N, Troise F, James C, Wernicke D, Nyei F, Gordon TJ, Consiglio J, Salvatore F, Coppola V, Pichiorri F, De Lorenzo C, Croce CM. Human anti-nucleolin recombinant immunoagent for cancer therapy. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:9418-9423. [PMID: 26170308 PMCID: PMC4522807 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1507087112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is a nucleocytoplasmic protein involved in many biological processes, such as ribosomal assembly, rRNA processing, and mRNA stabilization. NCL also regulates the biogenesis of specific microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in tumor development and aggressiveness. Interestingly, NCL is expressed on the surface of actively proliferating cancer cells, but not on their normal counterparts. Therefore, NCL is an attractive target for antineoplastic treatments. Taking advantage of phage-display technology, we engineered a fully human single-chain fragment variable, named 4LB5. This immunoagent binds NCL on the cell surface, it is translocated into the cytoplasm of target cells, and it abrogates the biogenesis of NCL-dependent miRNAs. Binding of 4LB5 to NCL on the cell surface of a variety of breast cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines, but not to normal-like MCF-10a breast cells, dramatically reduces cancer cell viability and proliferation. Finally, in orthotopic breast cancer mouse models, 4LB5 administration results in a significant reduction of the tumor volume without evident side effects. In summary, here we describe, to our knowledge, the first anti-NCL single-chain fragment variable displaying antineoplastic activity against established solid tumors, which could represent the prototype of novel immune-based NCL-targeting drugs with clinical potential as diagnostic and therapeutic tools in a wide variety of human cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Palmieri
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Timothy Richmond
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Claudia Piovan
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Tyler Sheetz
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Nicola Zanesi
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Fulvia Troise
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE) Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Cindy James
- Department of Mass Spectroscopy and Proteomics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Dorothee Wernicke
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Fata Nyei
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Timothy J Gordon
- Department of Veterinary Biosciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Jessica Consiglio
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Francesco Salvatore
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE) Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Coppola
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Flavia Pichiorri
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210
| | - Claudia De Lorenzo
- Centro di Ingegneria Genetica (CEINGE) Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy; Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Napoli "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Carlo M Croce
- Department of Molecular Virology, Immunology and Medical Genetics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210;
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47
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Bertoli G, Cava C, Castiglioni I. MicroRNAs: New Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, Therapy Prediction and Therapeutic Tools for Breast Cancer. Theranostics 2015; 5:1122-43. [PMID: 26199650 PMCID: PMC4508501 DOI: 10.7150/thno.11543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 607] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of microRNAs (miRNAs) is involved in the initiation and progression of several human cancers, including breast cancer (BC), as strong evidence has been found that miRNAs can act as oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes. This review presents the state of the art on the role of miRNAs in the diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy of BC. Based on the results obtained in the last decade, some miRNAs are emerging as biomarkers of BC for diagnosis (i.e., miR-9, miR-10b, and miR-17-5p), prognosis (i.e., miR-148a and miR-335), and prediction of therapeutic outcomes (i.e., miR-30c, miR-187, and miR-339-5p) and have important roles in the control of BC hallmark functions such as invasion, metastasis, proliferation, resting death, apoptosis, and genomic instability. Other miRNAs are of interest as new, easily accessible, affordable, non-invasive tools for the personalized management of patients with BC because they are circulating in body fluids (e.g., miR-155 and miR-210). In particular, circulating multiple miRNA profiles are showing better diagnostic and prognostic performance as well as better sensitivity than individual miRNAs in BC. New miRNA-based drugs are also promising therapy for BC (e.g., miR-9, miR-21, miR34a, miR145, and miR150), and other miRNAs are showing a fundamental role in modulation of the response to other non-miRNA treatments, being able to increase their efficacy (e.g., miR-21, miR34a, miR195, miR200c, and miR203 in combination with chemotherapy).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Isabella Castiglioni
- Institute of Molecular Bioimaging and Physiology (IBFM), National Research Council (CNR), Milan, Italy
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48
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Berger CM, Gaume X, Bouvet P. The roles of nucleolin subcellular localization in cancer. Biochimie 2015; 113:78-85. [PMID: 25866190 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2015.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 182] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 03/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Nucleolin (NCL) is one of the most abundant non ribosomal protein of the nucleolus where it plays a central role in polymerase I transcription. NCL is also found outside of the nucleolus, in the nucleoplasm, cytoplasm as well as on the cell membrane. It acts in all cell compartments to control cellular homeostasis and therefore each cellular pool of NCL can play a different role in cancer development. NCL overexpression and its increased localization at the cell membrane is a common feature of several tumor cells. In cancer cells, NCL overexpression influences cell survival, proliferation and invasion through its action on different cellular pathways. In this review, we describe how the multiple functions of NCL that are associated to its multiple cellular localization can participate to the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Madeleine Berger
- Département de Biologie, Master Biosciences, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France; Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, CNRS USR 3010, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 7, France
| | - Xavier Gaume
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, CNRS USR 3010, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 7, France
| | - Philippe Bouvet
- Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Laboratoire Joliot-Curie, CNRS USR 3010, 46 allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon Cedex 7, France.
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49
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Shen N, Yan F, Pang J, Wu LC, Al-Kali A, Litzow MR, Liu S. A nucleolin-DNMT1 regulatory axis in acute myeloid leukemogenesis. Oncotarget 2014; 5:5494-509. [PMID: 25015109 PMCID: PMC4170608 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.2131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Nucleolin overexpression and DNA hypermethylation have been implicated in cancer pathogenesis, but whether and how these aberrations cooperate in controlling leukemia cell fate remains elusive. Here, we provide the first mechanistic insights into the role of nucleolin in leukemogenesis through creating a DNA hypermethylation profile in leukemia cells. We found that, in leukemia patients, nucleolin levels are significantly elevated and nucleolin overexpression strongly associates with DNMT upregulation and shorter survival. Enforced nucleolin expression augmented leukemia cell proliferation, whereas nucleolin dysfunction by RNA interference and inhibitory molecule AS1411 blocked leukemia cell clonogenic potential in vitro and impaired tumorigenesis in vivo. Mechanistic investigations showed that nucleolin directly activates NFκB signaling, and NFκB activates its downstream effector, DNA methylation machinery. Indeed, nucleolin overexpression increased NFκB phosphorylation and upregulated DNMT1 that is followed by DNA demethylation; by contrast, nucleolin dysfunction dephosphorylated NFκB and abrogated DNMT1 expression, which resulted in decreased global DNA methylation, restored p15INK4B expression and DNA hypomethylation on p15INK4B promoter. Notably, NFκB inactivation diminished, whereas NFκB overexpression enhanced DNMT1 promoter activity and endogenous DNMT1 expression. Collectively, our studies identify nucleolin as an unconventional epigenetic regulator in leukemia cells and demonstrate nucleolin-NFκB-DNMT1 axis as a new molecular pathway underlying AML leukemogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Shen
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Fei Yan
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Jiuxia Pang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
| | - Lai-Chu Wu
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Aref Al-Kali
- Division of Hematology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN
| | | | - Shujun Liu
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, MN
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50
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Rodrigueza WV, Woolliscroft MJ, Ebrahim AS, Forgey R, McGovren PJ, Endert G, Wagner A, Holewa D, Aboukameel A, Gill RD, Bisgaier CL, Messmann RA, Whitehead CE, Izbicka E, Streeper R, Wick MC, Stiegler G, Stein CA, Monsma D, Webb C, Sooch MP, Panzner S, Mohammad R, Goodwin NC, Al-Katib A. Development and antitumor activity of a BCL-2 targeted single-stranded DNA oligonucleotide. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2014; 74:151-66. [PMID: 24832107 PMCID: PMC4077254 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-014-2476-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2013] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PNT100 is a 24-base, chemically unmodified DNA oligonucleotide sequence that is complementary to a region upstream of the BCL-2 gene. Exposure of tumor cells to PNT100 results in suppression of proliferation and cell death by a process called DNA interference. PNT2258 is PNT100 that is encapsulated in protective amphoteric liposomes developed to efficiently encapsulate the PNT100 oligonucleotide, provide enhanced serum stability, optimized pharmacokinetic properties and antitumor activity of the nanoparticle both in vivo and in vitro. PNT2258 demonstrates broad antitumor activity against BCL-2-driven WSU-DLCL2 lymphoma, highly resistant A375 melanoma, PC-3 prostate, and Daudi-Burkitt’s lymphoma xenografts. The sequence specificity of PNT100 was demonstrated against three control sequences (scrambled, mismatched, and reverse complement) all encapsulated in a lipid formulation with identical particle characteristics, and control sequences did not demonstrate antiproliferative activity in vivo or in vitro. PNT2258 is currently undergoing clinical testing to evaluate safety and antitumor activity in patients with recurrent or refractory non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and additional studies are planned.
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MESH Headings
- 5' Flanking Region/drug effects
- Animals
- Antineoplastic Agents/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Agents/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/metabolism
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacokinetics
- Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Cell Survival/drug effects
- DNA, Antisense/administration & dosage
- DNA, Antisense/pharmacokinetics
- DNA, Antisense/pharmacology
- DNA, Antisense/therapeutic use
- DNA, Single-Stranded/administration & dosage
- DNA, Single-Stranded/pharmacokinetics
- DNA, Single-Stranded/pharmacology
- DNA, Single-Stranded/therapeutic use
- Drug Compounding
- Drug Stability
- Female
- Gene Silencing/drug effects
- Liposomes
- Mice
- Mice, Inbred BALB C
- Mice, Nude
- Mice, SCID
- Neoplasms/blood
- Neoplasms/drug therapy
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/chemistry
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/pharmacokinetics
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/pharmacology
- Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/therapeutic use
- Pharmaceutical Vehicles
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2/metabolism
- Random Allocation
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
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