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Soni UK, Jenny L, Hegde RS. IGF-1R targeting in cancer - does sub-cellular localization matter? J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:273. [PMID: 37858153 PMCID: PMC10588251 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02850-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor receptor (IGF-1R) was among the most intensively pursued kinase targets in oncology. However, even after a slew of small-molecule and antibody therapeutics reached clinical trials for a range of solid tumors, the initial promise remains unfulfilled. Mechanisms of resistance to, and toxicities resulting from, IGF-1R-targeted drugs are well-catalogued, and there is general appreciation of the fact that a lack of biomarker-based patient stratification was a limitation of previous clinical trials. But no next-generation therapeutic strategies have yet successfully exploited this understanding in the clinic.Currently there is emerging interest in re-visiting IGF-1R targeted therapeutics in combination-treatment protocols with predictive biomarker-driven patient-stratification. One such biomarker that emerged from early clinical trials is the sub-cellular localization of IGF-1R. After providing some background on IGF-1R, its drugging history, and the trials that led to the termination of drug development for this target, we look more deeply into the correlation between sub-cellular localization of IGF-1R and susceptibility to various classes of IGF-1R - targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Upendra K Soni
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Liam Jenny
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA
| | - Rashmi S Hegde
- Division of Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
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2
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Werner H. The IGF1 Signaling Pathway: From Basic Concepts to Therapeutic Opportunities. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14882. [PMID: 37834331 PMCID: PMC10573540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241914882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/02/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) is a peptide growth factor with important functions in multiple aspects of growth, development and metabolism. The biological actions of IGF1 are mediated by the IGF1 receptor (IGF1R), a cell-surface protein that is evolutionarily related to the insulin receptor (InsR). The effects of IGF1 are moderated by a group of binding proteins (IGFBPs) that bind and transport the ligand in the circulation and extracellular fluids. In mechanistic terms, IGF1R function is linked to the MAPK and PI3K signaling pathways. Furthermore, IGF1R has been shown to migrate to cell nucleus, where it functions as a transcriptional activator. The co-localization of IGF1R and MAPK in the nucleus is of major interest as it suggests novel mechanistic paradigms for the IGF1R-MAPK network. Given its potent anti-apoptotic and pro-survival roles, and in view of its almost universal pattern of expression in most types of cancer, IGF1R has emerged as a promising molecular target in oncology. The present review article provides a concise overview of key scientific developments in the research area of IGF and highlights a number of more recent findings, including its nuclear migration and its interaction with oncogenes and tumor suppressors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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3
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Percik R, Oedegaard Smith C, Leibovici A, Shai A. Treating Alpelisib-Induced Hyperinsulinemia in Patients with Advanced Breast Cancer - A Real-Life Experience. Biologics 2023; 17:61-67. [PMID: 37163178 PMCID: PMC10164376 DOI: 10.2147/btt.s395817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
PIK3CA activating mutations are found in 40% of advanced breast cancer and are associated with worse prognosis. PI3K blockage is associated with insulin resistance, leading to hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia. Alpelisib is the first PI3K inhibitor used in cancer treatment. Laboratory evidence indicated that alpelisib-induced hyperinsulinemia offsets the drug's efficacy, but insulin levels were not tested in the clinical trials that evaluated alpelisib for breast cancer. Hyperglycemia could also interfere with anti-tumor effects of PI3K inhibitors by inducing Immune tolerance and altered mitochondrial metabolism. We have monitored insulin levels in 4 breast cancer patients with concomitant metabolic syndrome treated with alpelisib, and pre-treated patients with baseline increased insulin levels with pioglitazone, a potent insulin sensitizer, to target both hyperinsulinemia and hyperglycemia, and we report the treatment course of these patients. All patients achieved glycemic control and were able to maintain alpelisib dose intensity. Duration of response to alpelisib was longer than anticipated in this treatment setting. Insulin dynamics confirmed the efficacy of pioglitazone as a specific on-target hypoglycemic and hypo-insulinemic agent in the unique setting of PI3K blockade. Our experience suggests that targeting hyperinsulinemia in patients with is safe and feasible and results in good metabolic and oncologic outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Percik
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Endo-Oncology Clinic, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
| | - Cecilie Oedegaard Smith
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel-Aviv, Israel
- Oncology Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel
| | - Anca Leibovici
- Oncology Department, Galilee Medical Center, Nahariya, Israel
- Azrielly Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Zafed, Israel
| | - Ayelet Shai
- Breast Cancer Unit, Division of Oncology, RAMBAM Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel
- Correspondence: Ayelet Shai, Oncology Department, Rambam Health Care Campus, Ha’alia Hashnia 8, Haifa, 3109601, Israel, Tel +972507887731, Email
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Lee JS, Tocheny CE, Shaw LM. The Insulin-like Growth Factor Signaling Pathway in Breast Cancer: An Elusive Therapeutic Target. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12121992. [PMID: 36556357 PMCID: PMC9782138 DOI: 10.3390/life12121992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we provide an overview of the role of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) signaling pathway in breast cancer and discuss its potential as a therapeutic target. The IGF pathway ligands, IGF-1 and IGF-2, and their receptors, primarily IGF-1R, are important for normal mammary gland biology, and dysregulation of their expression and function drives breast cancer risk and progression through activation of downstream signaling effectors, often in a subtype-dependent manner. The IGF signaling pathway has also been implicated in resistance to current therapeutic strategies, including ER and HER2 targeting drugs. Unfortunately, efforts to target IGF signaling for the treatment of breast cancer have been unsuccessful, due to a number of factors, most significantly the adverse effects of disrupting IGF signaling on normal glucose metabolism. We highlight here the recent discoveries that provide enthusiasm for continuing efforts to target IGF signaling for the treatment of breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Leslie M. Shaw
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-508-856-8675; Fax: +1-508-856-1310
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Werner H, LeRoith D. Hallmarks of cancer: The insulin-like growth factors perspective. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1055589. [PMID: 36479090 PMCID: PMC9720135 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1055589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 08/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The identification of a series of attributes or hallmarks that are shared by virtually all cancer cells constitutes a true milestone in cancer research. The conceptualization of a catalogue of common genetic, molecular, biochemical and cellular events under a unifying Hallmarks of Cancer idea had a major impact in oncology. Furthermore, the fact that different types of cancer, ranging from pediatric tumors and leukemias to adult epithelial cancers, share a large number of fundamental traits reflects the universal nature of the biological events involved in oncogenesis. The dissection of a complex disease like cancer into a finite directory of hallmarks is of major basic and translational relevance. The role of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) as a progression/survival factor required for normal cell cycle transition has been firmly established. Similarly well characterized are the biochemical and cellular activities of IGF1 and IGF2 in the chain of events leading from a phenotypically normal cell to a diseased one harboring neoplastic traits, including growth factor independence, loss of cell-cell contact inhibition, chromosomal abnormalities, accumulation of mutations, activation of oncogenes, etc. The purpose of the present review is to provide an in-depth evaluation of the biology of IGF1 at the light of paradigms that emerge from analysis of cancer hallmarks. Given the fact that the IGF1 axis emerged in recent years as a promising therapeutic target, we believe that a careful exploration of this signaling system might be of critical importance on our ability to design and optimize cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Derek LeRoith
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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Gremke N, Griewing S, Kalder M, Kostev K. Positive association between body height and breast cancer prevalence: a retrospective study with 135,741 women in Germany. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2022; 196:349-354. [PMID: 36085535 PMCID: PMC9581809 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-022-06730-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Purpose The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of breast cancer in relation to body height and to investigate associations between body height and breast cancer in Germany. Methods This retrospective cohort study included 135,741 adult women followed in one of 161 gynecology practices in Germany between January 2019 and December 2021. The 3 year prevalence of breast cancer (ICD-10: C50) during the study period was shown in relation to body height, which was included in this study as a five-category variable for women: ≤ 160 cm, 161–165 cm, 166–170 cm, 171–175 cm, > 175 cm. The associations between height and breast cancer were analyzed using logistic regression models adjusted for age and BMI. Results The prevalence of breast cancer increased from 5.1% in women ≤ 160 cm to 6.8% in women > 175 cm in the age group 51–60, and from 9.2% in women ≤ 160 cm to 12.2% in women 171–175 cm in the age group > 60 years. The OR for breast cancer was 1.18 (95% CI 1.12–1.24) for every 10 cm increase in height. Compared to height ≤ 160 cm, the OR for height 166–170 cm was 1.26 (1.15–1.39), for 171–175 cm 1.43 (1.27–1.61), and for > 175 cm 1.49 (1.28–1.74). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that greater body height in women is significantly related to an increased breast cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Gremke
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany.
| | - Sebastian Griewing
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Kalder
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Hospital Marburg, Philipps-University Marburg, Baldingerstraße, 35043, Marburg, Germany
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Liu Z, Meng D, Wang J, Cao H, Feng P, Wu S, Wang N, Dang C, Hou P, Xia P. GASP1 enhances malignant phenotypes of breast cancer cells and decreases their response to paclitaxel by forming a vicious cycle with IGF1/IGF1R signaling pathway. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:751. [PMID: 36042202 PMCID: PMC9427794 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05198-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
There is a potential correlation between G-protein-coupled receptor-associated sorting protein 1 (GASP1) and breast tumorigenesis. However, its biological function and underlying molecular mechanism in breast cancer have not been clearly delineated. Here, we demonstrated that GASP1 was highly expressed in breast cancers, and patients harboring altered GASP1 showed a worse prognosis than those with wild-type GASP1. Functional studies showed that GASP1 knockout significantly suppressed malignant properties of breast cancer cells, such as inhibition of cell proliferation, colony formation, migration, invasion and xenograft tumor growth in nude mice as well as induction of G1-phase cell cycle arrest, and vice versa. Mechanistically, GASP1 inhibited proteasomal degradation of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) by competitively binding to IGF1R with ubiquitin E3 ligase MDM2, thereby activating its downstream signaling pathways such as NF-κB, PI3K/AKT, and MAPK/ERK pathways given their critical roles in breast tumorigenesis and progression. IGF1, in turn, stimulated GASP1 expression by activating the PI3K/AKT pathway, forming a vicious cycle propelling the malignant progression of breast cancer. Besides, we found that GASP1 knockout obviously improved the response of breast cancer cells to paclitaxel. Collectively, this study demonstrates that GASP1 enhances malignant behaviors of breast cancer cells and decreases their cellular response to paclitaxel by interacting with and stabilizing IGF1R, and suggests that it may serve as a valuable prognostic factor and potential therapeutic target in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Liu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Du Meng
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Radio Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianling Wang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxin Cao
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Feng
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Siyu Wu
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Wang
- grid.478124.c0000 0004 1773 123XDepartment of Endocrinology, Xi’an Central Hospital, 710003 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengxue Dang
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Hou
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China ,grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
| | - Peng Xia
- grid.452438.c0000 0004 1760 8119Department of Surgical Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, 710061 Xi’an, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Wang P, Mak VCY, Cheung LWT. Drugging IGF-1R in cancer: New insights and emerging opportunities. Genes Dis 2022; 10:199-211. [PMID: 37013053 PMCID: PMC10066341 DOI: 10.1016/j.gendis.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor (IGF) axis plays important roles in cancer development and metastasis. The type 1 IGF receptor (IGF-1R) is a key member in the IGF axis and has long been recognized for its oncogenic role in multiple cancer lineages. Here we review the occurrence of IGF-1R aberrations and activation mechanisms in cancers, which justify the development of anti-IGF-1R therapies. We describe the therapeutic agents available for IGF-1R inhibition, with focuses on the recent or ongoing pre-clinical and clinical studies. These include antisense oligonucleotide, tyrosine kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies which may be conjugated with cytotoxic drug. Remarkably, simultaneous targeting of IGF-1R and several other oncogenic vulnerabilities has shown early promise, highlighting the potential benefits of combination therapy. Further, we discuss the challenges in targeting IGF-1R so far and new concepts to improve therapeutic efficacy such as blockage of the nuclear translocation of IGF-1R.
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9
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Simões LMFR, Tavares NAR, Ferreira-Pêgo C. Plant-Based Diet and IGF-1 Modulation on HER2-Positive Breast Cancer: A Lifestyle Medicine Nutrition Approach in Oncology. Am J Lifestyle Med 2022; 16:36-45. [PMID: 35185425 PMCID: PMC8848116 DOI: 10.1177/15598276211023048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women worldwide, where nutritional intervention should be part of a multidisciplinary lifestyle approach in oncology, promoting therapeutic success. Insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), along with estrogen, can promote the development of neoplastic cells in breast tissue. Cancers that develop under IGF-1 stimulation are often resistant to therapy. This case report describes a 47-year-old woman, body mass index 27.4 kg/m2, with HER2-positive breast cancer, as well as elevated blood glucose, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Soon after her breast cancer diagnosis, she transitioned from a Western pattern diet (WPD) to a predominantly whole-food, plant-based diet (PWFPBD) for 1035 days, followed by 232 days of PWFPBD plus night fasting for 16 hours per day. IGF-1 decreased 22.38%, glycemia and total cholesterol decreased by -55.06% and -36.00% at the end of the first intervention and went up by 6.25%, and 3.87%, respectively, at the end of the second intervention. A PWFPBD, with or without 16-hour overnight fasting, seems to modulate plasma levels of IGF-1 on a 47-year-old woman diagnosed with breast cancer, type HER2-positive. Future research, should explore the physiologic and pathophysiological mechanisms and clarify whether this dietary strategy, may be clinically useful in preventing HER2-positive breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurinda M. F. R. Simões
- School of Sciences and Health Technologies, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Nelson A. R. Tavares
- CBIOS-University Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Cíntia Ferreira-Pêgo
- CBIOS-University Lusófona’s Research Center for Biosciences and Health Technologies, Lisbon, Portugal
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Martin A, Fernandez MC, Cattaneo ER, Schuster CD, Venara M, Clément F, Berenstein A, Lombardi MG, Bergadá I, Gutierrez M, Martí MA, Gonzalez-Baro MR, Pennisi PA. Type 1 Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Nuclear Localization in High-Grade Glioma Cells Enhances Motility, Metabolism, and In Vivo Tumorigenesis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022; 13:849279. [PMID: 35574033 PMCID: PMC9094447 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2022.849279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most frequent solid tumors in children. Among these, high-grade gliomas are less common in children than in adults, though they are similar in their aggressive clinical behavior. In adults, glioblastoma is the most lethal tumor of the central nervous system. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) plays an important role in cancer biology, and its nuclear localization has been described as an adverse prognostic factor in different tumors. Previously, we have demonstrated that, in pediatric gliomas, IGF1R nuclear localization is significantly associated with high-grade tumors, worst clinical outcome, and increased risk of death. Herein we explore the role of IGF1R intracellular localization by comparing two glioblastoma cell lines that differ only in their IGF1R capacity to translocate to the nucleus. In vitro, IGF1R nuclear localization enhances glioblastoma cell motility and metabolism without affecting their proliferation. In vivo, IGF1R has the capacity to translocate to the nucleus and allows not only a higher proliferation rate and the earlier development of tumors but also renders the cells sensitive to OSI906 therapy. With this work, we provide evidence supporting the implications of the presence of IGF1R in the nucleus of glioma cells and a potential therapeutic opportunity for patients harboring gliomas with IGF1R nuclear localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayelen Martin
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María Celia Fernandez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Elizabeth R. Cattaneo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Claudio D. Schuster
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (FCEyN-UBA) e Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN) CONICET, Pabellòn 2 de Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcela Venara
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Florencia Clément
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Ariel Berenstein
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Instituto Multidisciplinario de Investigaciones en Patologías Pediátricas, CONICET, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Ignacio Bergadá
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Mariana Gutierrez
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marcelo A. Martí
- Departamento de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Universidad de Buenos Aires (FCEyN-UBA) e Instituto de Química Biológica de la Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales (IQUIBICEN) CONICET, Pabellòn 2 de Ciudad Universitaria, Ciudad de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - María R. Gonzalez-Baro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Bioquímicas de La Plata, CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Patricia A. Pennisi
- Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas “Dr. César Bergadá” CONICET—FEI—División de Endocrinología, Hospital de Niños R. Gutierrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- *Correspondence: Patricia A. Pennisi,
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Франциянц ЕМ, Сурикова ЕИ, Каплиева ИВ, Бандовкина ВA, Нескубина ИВ, Шейко ЕА, Морозова МИ, Котиева ИМ. [Diabetes mellitus and cancer: a system of insulin-like growth factors]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2021; 67:34-42. [PMID: 34766488 PMCID: PMC9112852 DOI: 10.14341/probl12741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus and malignant tumors are among the most common and complex diseases. Epidemiological studies have shown a strong relationship between these pathologies. The causality of this relationship has not yet been unambiguously established, but a number of probable biological mechanisms have been proposed to explain it through the effects of hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia on the process of oncogenesis. An important role in this is played by the axis of insulin-like growth factors, their receptors and binding proteins (IGF / IGFR / IGFBP). The review provides data on the structural elements of the insulin / IGF / IGFR / IGFBP signaling axis and their internal relationships in diabetes mellitus and in the development of malignant tumors. Significant changes in the axis that occur during the formation of the diabetic environment prepare the background, which, under certain conditions, can lead to the stimulation or inhibition of tumor development. The considered signaling system, playing a significant role in the physiology of normal cells, often functions as a decisive factor in the survival of tumor cells, providing fine context-dependent regulation of many cellular processes associated with oncogenesis. However, despite many years of in-depth studies of the pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus and malignant tumors, the molecular mechanisms of the relationship between these pathologies are still largely unclear, and the internal heterogeneity of pathologies complicates research and interpretation of the results, leaving many questions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Е. И. Сурикова
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
| | - И. В. Каплиева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
| | | | | | - Е. А. Шейко
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
| | - М. И. Морозова
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
| | - И. М. Котиева
- Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр онкологии
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12
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Mills JV, Osher E, Rieunier G, Mills IG, Macaulay VM. IGF-1R nuclear import and recruitment to chromatin involves both alpha and beta subunits. Discov Oncol 2021; 12:13. [PMID: 33969359 PMCID: PMC8084799 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-021-00407-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mature type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGF-1Rs) are heterotetrameric structures comprising two extracellular α-subunits disulphide-bonded to two transmembrane β-subunits with tyrosine kinase activity. IGF-1R is a well-known cell surface mediator of malignant growth, with an incompletely understood role upon nuclear import as a transcriptional regulator. Previous characterisation of nuclear IGF-1R focused on IGF-1Rβ. Here, we aimed to clarify the source of nuclear IGF-1R and investigate whether α-subunits contribute to nuclear IGF-1R function. Using prostate cancer cell lines DU145 and 22Rv1 we detected nuclear α- and β-subunits, with increase in nuclear signal upon IGF-treatment and reduction in response to IGF-1R inhibitor BMS-754807. Following biotinylation of cell surface proteins, biotinylated α- and β-subunits were detected in nuclear extracts of both cell lines. Furthermore, α- and β-subunits reciprocally co-precipitated from nuclear extract. Finally, we detected recruitment of both subunits to regulatory regions of chromatin, including the promoter of the oncogene JUN, that we previously identified in ChIP-seq as sites of IGF-1Rβ enrichment. These data confirm the cell surface origin of nuclear IGF-1R, suggest the presence of nuclear αβ complexes and reveal that both IGF-1Rα- and β-subunits contribute to pro-tumorigenic functions of nuclear IGF-1R. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12672-021-00407-8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack V. Mills
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Eliot Osher
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Guillaume Rieunier
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford, OX3 7DQ UK
| | - Ian G. Mills
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Valentine M. Macaulay
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, OX3 7LJ UK
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13
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Werner H, Sarfstein R, Laron Z. The Role of Nuclear Insulin and IGF1 Receptors in Metabolism and Cancer. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040531. [PMID: 33918477 PMCID: PMC8065599 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin (InsR) and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1R) receptors mediate the metabolic and growth-promoting actions of insulin and IGF1/IGF2, respectively. Evidence accumulated in recent years indicates that, in addition to their typical cell-surface localization pattern and ligand-activated mechanism of action, InsR and IGF1R are present in the cell nucleus of both normal and transformed cells. Nuclear translocation seems to involve interaction with a small, ubiquitin-like modifier protein (SUMO-1), although this modification is not always a prerequisite. Nuclear InsR and IGF1R exhibit a number of biological activities that classically fit within the definition of transcription factors. These nuclear activities include, among others, sequence-specific DNA binding and transcriptional control. Of particular interest, nuclear IGF1R was capable of binding and stimulating its cognate gene promoter. The physiological relevance of this autoregulatory mechanism needs to be further investigated. In addition to its nuclear localization, studies have identified IGF1R in the Golgi apparatus, and this particular distribution correlated with a migratory phenotype. In summary, the newly described roles of InsR and IGF1R as gene regulators, in concert with their atypical pattern of subcellular distribution, add a further layer of complexity to traditional models of cell signaling. Furthermore, and in view of the emerging role of IGF1R as a potential therapeutic target, a better understanding of the mechanisms responsible for nuclear IGF1R transport and identification of IGF1R interactors might help optimize target directed therapies in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
- Shalom and Varda Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
- Correspondence:
| | - Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel;
| | - Zvi Laron
- Endocrine and Diabetes Research Unit, Schneider Children’s Medical Center, Petah Tikva 49292, Israel;
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14
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Janssen JA, Smith TJ. Lessons Learned from Targeting IGF-I Receptor in Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy. Cells 2021; 10:cells10020383. [PMID: 33673340 PMCID: PMC7917650 DOI: 10.3390/cells10020383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Complex immunological mechanisms underlie the pathogenesis of thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO). Historical models of Graves’ disease and TAO have focused almost entirely on autoimmune reactivity directed against the thyrotropin receptor (TSHR). The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR) has been proposed as a second participating antigen in TAO by virtue of its interactions with IGFs and anti-IGF-IR antibodies generated in Graves’ disease. Furthermore, the IGF-IR forms with TSHR a physical and functional complex which is involved in signaling downstream from both receptors. Inhibition of IGF-IR activity results in attenuation of signaling initiated at either receptor. Based on the aggregate of findings implicating IGF-IR in TAO, the receptor has become an attractive therapeutic target. Recently, teprotumumab, a human monoclonal antibody IGF-IR inhibitor was evaluated in two clinical trials of patients with moderate to severe, active TAO. Those studies revealed that teprotumumab was safe and highly effective in reducing disease activity and severity. Targeting IGF-IR with specific biologic agents may result in a paradigm shift in the therapy of TAO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph A.M.J.L. Janssen
- Erasmus Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Dr. Molewaterplein 40, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-10-7040704
| | - Terry J. Smith
- Kellogg Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA;
- Division of Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA
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15
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Chen PC, Kuo YC, Chuong CM, Huang YH. Niche Modulation of IGF-1R Signaling: Its Role in Stem Cell Pluripotency, Cancer Reprogramming, and Therapeutic Applications. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:625943. [PMID: 33511137 PMCID: PMC7835526 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.625943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Stem cells work with their niches harmoniously during development. This concept has been extended to cancer pathology for cancer stem cells (CSCs) or cancer reprogramming. IGF-1R, a classical survival signaling, has been shown to regulate stem cell pluripotency, CSCs, or cancer reprogramming. The mechanism underlying such cell fate determination is unclear. We propose the determination is due to different niches in embryo development and tumor malignancy which modulate the consequences of IGF-1R signaling. Here we highlight the modulations of these niche parameters (hypoxia, inflammation, extracellular matrix), and the targeted stem cells (embryonic stem cells, germline stem cells, and mesenchymal stem cells) and CSCs, with relevance to cancer reprogramming. We organize known interaction between IGF-1R signaling and distinct niches in the double-sided cell fate with emerging trends highlighted. Based on these new insights, we propose that, through targeting IGF-1R signaling modulation, stem cell therapy and cancer stemness treatment can be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Chin Chen
- Department of Education, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yung-Che Kuo
- TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Ming Chuong
- Department of Pathology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yen-Hua Huang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,International Ph.D. Program for Cell Therapy and Regeneration Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,TMU Research Center of Cancer Translational Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Center for Reproductive Medicine, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Comprehensive Cancer Center of Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,PhD Program for Translational Medicine, College of Medical Science and Technology, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
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16
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Sarfstein R, Werner H. Tumor suppressor p53 regulates insulin receptor ( INSR) gene expression via direct binding to the INSR promoter. Oncotarget 2020; 11:2424-2437. [PMID: 32637033 PMCID: PMC7321701 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A significant volume of clinical and epidemiological data provides support to the concept that insulin and the insulin receptor (INSR) have an important role in breast cancer. Tumor suppressor p53 is the most frequently mutated molecule in human cancer. The present study was aimed at evaluating the hypothesis that p53 governs the expression and activation of the INSR gene in breast cancer cells. In addition, the study was designed to investigate the mechanism of action of p53 in the context of INSR gene regulation. The availability of MCF7 breast cancer-derived cell lines with specific disruption of either the insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) or INSR allowed us to address the impact of the IGF1R and INSR pathways on p53 expression. Data indicate that the INSR gene constitutes a target for p53 action. Wild-type p53 stimulated INSR promoter activity in control cells while disruption of endogenous IGF1R or INSR led to inhibition of promoter activity by p53. Mutant p53 strongly stimulated INSR promoter. Furthermore, p53 directly binds to the INSR promoter in cells with a disrupted IGF1R. Combined, our results identified complex functional and physical interactions between p53 and the INSR pathway. The implications of the p53-INSR interplay in breast cancer needs to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.,Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
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17
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Chen MK, Hsu JL, Hung MC. Nuclear receptor tyrosine kinase transport and functions in cancer. Adv Cancer Res 2020; 147:59-107. [PMID: 32593407 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2020.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Signaling functions of plasma membrane-localized receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have been extensively studied after they were first described in the mid-1980s. Plasma membrane RTKs are activated by extracellular ligands and cellular stress stimuli, and regulate cellular responses by activating the downstream effector proteins to initiate a wide range of signaling cascades in the cells. However, increasing evidence indicates that RTKs can also be transported into the intracellular compartments where they phosphorylate traditional effector proteins and non-canonical substrate proteins. In general, internalization that retains the RTK's transmembrane domain begins with endocytosis, and endosomal RTK remains active before being recycled or degraded. Further RTK retrograde transport from endosome-Golgi-ER to the nucleus is primarily dependent on membranes vesicles and relies on the interaction with the COP-I vesicle complex, Sec61 translocon complex, and importin. Internalized RTKs have non-canonical substrates that include transcriptional co-factors and DNA damage response proteins, and many nuclear RTKs harbor oncogenic properties and can enhance cancer progression. Indeed, nuclear-localized RTKs have been shown to positively correlate with cancer recurrence, therapeutic resistance, and poor prognosis of cancer patients. Therefore, understanding the functions of nuclear RTKs and the mechanisms of nuclear RTK transport will further improve our knowledge to evaluate the potential of targeting nuclear RTKs or the proteins involved in their transport as new cancer therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Kuang Chen
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jennifer L Hsu
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center UTHealth Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Mien-Chie Hung
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Research Center for Cancer Biology, and Center for Molecular Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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18
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Hua H, Kong Q, Yin J, Zhang J, Jiang Y. Insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling in tumorigenesis and drug resistance: a challenge for cancer therapy. J Hematol Oncol 2020; 13:64. [PMID: 32493414 PMCID: PMC7268628 DOI: 10.1186/s13045-020-00904-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) play important roles in mammalian growth, development, aging, and diseases. Aberrant IGFs signaling may lead to malignant transformation and tumor progression, thus providing the rationale for targeting IGF axis in cancer. However, clinical trials of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR)-targeted agents have been largely disappointing. Accumulating evidence demonstrates that the IGF axis not only promotes tumorigenesis, but also confers resistance to standard treatments. Furthermore, there are diverse pathways leading to the resistance to IGF-IR-targeted therapy. Recent studies characterizing the complex IGFs signaling in cancer have raised hope to refine the strategies for targeting the IGF axis. This review highlights the biological activities of IGF-IR signaling in cancer and the contribution of IGF-IR to cytotoxic, endocrine, and molecular targeted therapies resistance. Moreover, we update the diverse mechanisms underlying resistance to IGF-IR-targeted agents and discuss the strategies for future development of the IGF axis-targeted agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Hua
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Stem Cell Biology, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Qingbin Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jie Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Jin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangfu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Laboratory of Oncogene, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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19
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New Insights from IGF-IR Stimulating Activity Analyses: Pathological Considerations. Cells 2020; 9:cells9040862. [PMID: 32252327 PMCID: PMC7226833 DOI: 10.3390/cells9040862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor-II (IGF-II) play a crucial factor in the growth, differentiation and survival of cells in health and disease. IGF-I and IGF-II primarily activate the IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR), which is present on the cell surface. Activation of the IGF-IR stimulates multiple pathways which finally results in multiple biological effects in a variety of tissues and cells. In addition, activation of the IGF-IR has been found to be essential for the growth of cancers. The conventional view in the past was that the IGF-IR was exclusively a tyrosine kinase receptor and that phosphorylation of tyrosine residues, after binding of IGF-I to the IGF-IR, started a cascade of post-receptor events. Recent research has shown that this view was too simplistic. It has been found that the IGF-IR also has kinase-independent functions and may even emit signals in the unoccupied state through some yet-to-be-defined non-canonical pathways. The IGF-IR may further form hybrids with the insulin receptors but also with receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) outside the insulin-IGF system. In addition, the IGF-IR has extensive cross-talk with many other receptor tyrosine kinases and their downstream effectors. Moreover, there is now emerging evidence that the IGF-IR utilizes parts of the G-protein coupled receptor (GPCR) pathways: the IGF-IR can be considered as a functional RTK/GPCR hybrid, which integrates the kinase signaling with some IGF-IR mediated canonical GPCR characteristics. Like the classical GPCRs the IGF-IR can also show homologous and heterologous desensitization. Recently, it has been found that after activation by a ligand, the IGF-IR may be translocated into the nucleus and function as a transcriptional cofactor. Thus, in recent years, it has become clear that the IGF-IR signaling pathways are much more complex than first thought. Therefore a big challenge for the (near) future will be how all the new knowledge about IGF-IR signaling can be translated into the clinical practice and improve diagnosis and treatment of diseases.
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20
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Poreba E, Durzynska J. Nuclear localization and actions of the insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) system components: Transcriptional regulation and DNA damage response. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2020; 784:108307. [PMID: 32430099 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2020.108307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Insulin-like growth factor (IGF) system stimulates growth, proliferation, and regulates differentiation of cells in a tissue-specific manner. It is composed of two insulin-like growth factors (IGF-1 and IGF-2), six insulin-like growth factor-binding proteins (IGFBPs), and two insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGF-1R and IGF-2R). IGF actions take place mostly through the activation of the plasma membrane-bound IGF-Rs by the circulating ligands (IGFs) released from the IGFBPs that stabilize their levels in the serum. This review focuses on the IGF-1 part of the system. The IGF-1 gene, which is expressed mainly in the liver as well as in other tissues, comprises six alternatively spliced exons that code for three protein isoforms (pro-IGF-1A, pro-IGF-1B, and pro-IGF-1C), which are processed to mature IGF-1 and E-peptides. The IGF-1R undergoes autophosphorylation, resulting in a signaling cascade involving numerous cytoplasmic proteins such as AKT and MAPKs, which regulate the expression of target genes. However, a more complex picture of the axis has recently emerged with all its components being translocated to the nuclear compartment. IGF-1R takes part in the regulation of gene expression by forming transcription complexes, modifying the activity of chromatin remodeling proteins, and participating in DNA damage tolerance mechanisms. Four IGFBPs contain a nuclear localization signal (NLS), which targets them to the nucleus, where they regulate gene expression (IGFBP-2, IGFBP-3, IGFBP-5, IGFBP-6) and DNA damage repair (IGFBP-3 and IGFBP-6). Last but not least, the IGF-1B isoform has been reported to be localized in the nuclear compartment. However, no specific molecular actions have been assigned to the nuclear pro-IGF-1B or its derivative EB peptide. Therefore, further studies are needed to shed light on their nuclear activity. These recently uncovered nuclear actions of different components of the IGF-1 axis are relevant in cancer cell biology and are discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elzbieta Poreba
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Julia Durzynska
- Institute of Experimental Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, 61-614, Poznań, Poland.
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21
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Rieger L, O’Connor R. Controlled Signaling-Insulin-Like Growth Factor Receptor Endocytosis and Presence at Intracellular Compartments. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2020; 11:620013. [PMID: 33584548 PMCID: PMC7878670 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2020.620013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Ligand-induced activation of the IGF-1 receptor triggers plasma-membrane-derived signal transduction but also triggers receptor endocytosis, which was previously thought to limit signaling. However, it is becoming ever more clear that IGF-1R endocytosis and trafficking to specific subcellular locations can define specific signaling responses that are important for key biological processes in normal cells and cancer cells. In different cell types, specific cell adhesion receptors and associated proteins can regulate IGF-1R endocytosis and trafficking. Once internalized, the IGF-1R may be recycled, degraded or translocated to the intracellular membrane compartments of the Golgi apparatus or the nucleus. The IGF-1R is present in the Golgi apparatus of migratory cancer cells where its signaling contributes to aggressive cancer behaviors including cell migration. The IGF-1R is also found in the nucleus of certain cancer cells where it can regulate gene expression. Nuclear IGF-1R is associated with poor clinical outcomes. IGF-1R signaling has also been shown to support mitochondrial biogenesis and function, and IGF-1R inhibition causes mitochondrial dysfunction. How IGF-1R intracellular trafficking and compartmentalized signaling is controlled is still unknown. This is an important area for further study, particularly in cancer.
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22
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Chughtai S. The nuclear translocation of insulin-like growth factor receptor and its significance in cancer cell survival. Cell Biochem Funct 2019; 38:347-351. [PMID: 31875653 DOI: 10.1002/cbf.3479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The nuclear translocation of insulin-like growth factor receptor type 1 (IGF-1R) has been documented in a variety of previous studies. The exact mechanism of this translocation, however, is still poorly understood. Furthermore, the functional role of IGF-1R in the nucleus shows promise of transcriptional control. This function is particularly important in cancer cells. Understanding this role may also give insights into cancer biology and treatment methods. Processes including SUMOylation and clathrin-mediated endocytosis are necessary for IGF-1R nuclear translocation to occur. The antiapoptotic qualities of IGF-1R likely contribute to its function in cancer cells. This review aims to synthesize the work on IGF-1R in order to propose a mechanism of translocation. Using this mechanism, new therapeutic targets can be proposed that hinder the role of IGF-1R in cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahzaib Chughtai
- Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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23
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Differential Effects of Insulin and IGF1 Receptors on ERK and AKT Subcellular Distribution in Breast Cancer Cells. Cells 2019; 8:cells8121499. [PMID: 31771180 PMCID: PMC6952817 DOI: 10.3390/cells8121499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Revised: 11/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin and insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF1) have important roles in breast cancer development. The recent identification of nuclear insulin (INSR) and IGF1 (IGF1R) receptors provides a novel paradigm in the area of signal transduction. The fact that INSR and IGF1R can function as transcription factors, capable of binding DNA and controlling transcription, adds a new layer of biological complexity by conferring upon cell-surface receptors the ability to regulate genomic events. The present study was designed to assess the hypothesis that insulin and IGF1 pathways elicit differential effects on subcellular distribution and activation of ERK1/2 and AKT. To this end, MCF7 breast cancer-derived cell lines with specific INSR or IGF1R disruption were employed. In addition, small interfering RNA technology was used to specifically down-regulate INSR or IGF1R expression in T47D breast cancer cells. DNA affinity chromatography assays were conducted to address the specific binding of ERK1/2 and AKT to the IGF1R promoter region. We demonstrate that both INSR and IGF1R exhibit a nuclear localization in breast cancer-derived cells. In addition, the insulin and IGF1 pathways have different effects on the subcellular distribution (and, particularly, the nuclear presence) of ERK1/2 and AKT molecules. Both cytoplasmic mediators are capable of binding and transactivating the IGF1R promoter. In conclusion, our data are consistent with the notion that, in addition to their classical roles as targets for insulin-like molecules, both ERK1/2 and AKT are involved in transcriptional control of the IGF1R gene. This previously unrecognized regulatory loop may provide mechanistic advantages to breast cancer cells. Given the potential role of INSR and IGF1R as therapeutic targets in oncology, it will be of clinical relevance to address the future use of nuclear receptors and their downstream cytoplasmic mediators as biomarkers for INSR/IGF1R targeted therapy.
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24
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Osher E, Macaulay VM. Therapeutic Targeting of the IGF Axis. Cells 2019; 8:cells8080895. [PMID: 31416218 PMCID: PMC6721736 DOI: 10.3390/cells8080895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin like growth factor (IGF) axis plays a fundamental role in normal growth and development, and when deregulated makes an important contribution to disease. Here, we review the functions mediated by ligand-induced IGF axis activation, and discuss the evidence for the involvement of IGF signaling in the pathogenesis of cancer, endocrine disorders including acromegaly, diabetes and thyroid eye disease, skin diseases such as acne and psoriasis, and the frailty that accompanies aging. We discuss the use of IGF axis inhibitors, focusing on the different approaches that have been taken to develop effective and tolerable ways to block this important signaling pathway. We outline the advantages and disadvantages of each approach, and discuss progress in evaluating these agents, including factors that contributed to the failure of many of these novel therapeutics in early phase cancer trials. Finally, we summarize grounds for cautious optimism for ongoing and future studies of IGF blockade in cancer and non-malignant disorders including thyroid eye disease and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliot Osher
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7DQ, UK
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25
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Vella V, Malaguarnera R, Nicolosi ML, Morrione A, Belfiore A. Insulin/IGF signaling and discoidin domain receptors: An emerging functional connection. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2019; 1866:118522. [PMID: 31394114 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Revised: 07/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The insulin/insulin-like growth factor system (IIGFs) plays a fundamental role in the regulation of prenatal and postnatal growth, metabolism and homeostasis. As a consequence, dysregulation of this axis is associated with growth disturbance, type 2 diabetes, chronic inflammation and tumor progression. A functional crosstalk between IIGFs and discoidin domain receptors (DDRs) has been recently discovered. DDRs are non-integrin collagen receptors that canonically undergo slow and long-lasting autophosphorylation after binding to fibrillar collagen. While both DDR1 and DDR2 functionally interact with IIGFs, the crosstalk with DDR1 is so far better characterized. Notably, the IIGFs-DDR1 crosstalk presents a feed-forward mechanism, which does not require collagen binding, thus identifying novel non-canonical action of DDR1. Further studies are needed to fully explore the role of this IIGFs-DDRs functional loop as potential target in the treatment of inflammatory and neoplastic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Vella
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | | | - Maria Luisa Nicolosi
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy.
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Solomon-Zemler R, Pozniak Y, Geiger T, Werner H. Identification of nucleolar protein NOM1 as a novel nuclear IGF1R-interacting protein. Mol Genet Metab 2019; 126:259-265. [PMID: 30639046 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymgme.2019.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) mediates the biological actions of both IGF1 and IGF2. In recent years, evidence has accumulated showing that, in addition to its classical cell-surface distribution, IGF1R translocates to cell nucleus via an apparently SUMO-1-dependent mechanism. While the role of IGF1R in nucleus has not yet been settled, available information suggests that the nuclear receptor displays activities usually linked to transcription factors, including DNA binding and transcription regulation. To gain insight into the biological pathways associated with nuclear IGF1R action we conducted a mass spectrometry-based proteomic analysis aimed at identifying interactors of IGF1R in nucleus of both benign and malignant breast cells. The nucleolar NOM1 molecule belongs to a family of proteins that contain the middle domain of eukaryotic initiation factor 4G (MIF4G) and/or interaction module (MA3), and functions in translation, cell growth and proliferation. Using a combination of co-immunoprecipitation and silencing assays we provide evidence of a complex, bi-directional interplay between nuclear IGF1R and nucleolar protein NOM1. Inhibition of nuclear IGF1R translocation by dansylcadaverine reduced NOM1 levels in nuclei of MCF7 cells. On the other hand, IGF1R overexpression enhanced NOM1 levels in the nuclear fraction. Of interest, NOM1 silencing led to a major increase in IGF1R biosynthesis. In summary, results are consistent with a physiologically-relevant interplay between the nuclear IGF1 signaling pathway and nucleolar protein NOM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravid Solomon-Zemler
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Yair Pozniak
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Tamar Geiger
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel; Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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27
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Li L, Liu S, Liu L, Ma Z, Feng M, Ye C, Zhou W, Wang Y, Liu L, Wang F, Yu L, Zhou F, Xiang Y, Huang S, Fu Q, Zhang Q, Gao D, Yu Z. Impact of phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor on the outcome of breast cancer patients and the prognostic value of its alteration during neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2949-2959. [PMID: 30233667 PMCID: PMC6143873 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The expression of insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R), which is involved in the genesis and progression of breast cancer, is thought to be associated with the overall survival (OS) of patients. However, the predictive and prognostic significance of the IGF-1R expression in breast cancer remains controversial. The present study aimed to identify the factors associated with the levels of phosphorylated (p)-IGF-1R in breast cancer, their impact on the outcomes of breast cancer patients, and the prognostic value of alterations of p-IGF-1R during neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). The present study included 348 female breast cancer patients whose paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sections had been collected by biopsy and/or resection, among which the pre-NAC and post-NAC sections were available from 40 patients. Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) positivity and molecular subtype were significantly associated with the presence of p-IGF-1R in the tumor tissue (P<0.05). Patients with p-IGF-1R present in the tumor tissue had a shorter OS (P=0.003). The p-IGF-1R levels in the tumor after NAC differed significantly from those prior to NAC (P=0.005); however, this alteration in p-IGF-1R levels was not associated with a shorter OS. In parallel with HER2, p-IGF-1R appears to be a promising indicator for predicting clinical outcomes and may be an attractive target for improving the efficacy of antitumor therapy, particularly for patients with HER2-negative, estrogen receptor-positive and luminal B tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Shuchen Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Zhongbing Ma
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Man Feng
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250031, P.R. China
| | - Chunmiao Ye
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Wenzhong Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Yongjiu Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China.,Department of General Surgery, School of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, P.R. China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Lixiang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Fei Zhou
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Yujuan Xiang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Shuya Huang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Qinye Fu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Dezong Gao
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
| | - Zhigang Yu
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, P.R. China
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28
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Aleksic T, Gray N, Wu X, Rieunier G, Osher E, Mills J, Verrill C, Bryant RJ, Han C, Hutchinson K, Lambert AG, Kumar R, Hamdy FC, Weyer-Czernilofsky U, Sanderson MP, Bogenrieder T, Taylor S, Macaulay VM. Nuclear IGF1R Interacts with Regulatory Regions of Chromatin to Promote RNA Polymerase II Recruitment and Gene Expression Associated with Advanced Tumor Stage. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3497-3509. [PMID: 29735545 PMCID: PMC6031306 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-3498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 04/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Internalization of ligand-activated type I IGF receptor (IGF1R) is followed by recycling to the plasma membrane, degradation or nuclear translocation. Nuclear IGF1R reportedly associates with clinical response to IGF1R inhibitory drugs, yet its role in the nucleus is poorly characterized. Here, we investigated the significance of nuclear IGF1R in clinical cancers and cell line models. In prostate cancers, IGF1R was predominantly membrane localized in benign glands, while malignant epithelium contained prominent internalized (nuclear/cytoplasmic) IGF1R, and nuclear IGF1R associated significantly with advanced tumor stage. Using ChIP-seq to assess global chromatin occupancy, we identified IGF1R-binding sites at or near transcription start sites of genes including JUN and FAM21, most sites coinciding with occupancy by RNA polymerase II (RNAPol2) and histone marks of active enhancers/promoters. IGF1R was inducibly recruited to chromatin, directly binding DNA and interacting with RNAPol2 to upregulate expression of JUN and FAM21, shown to mediate tumor cell survival and IGF-induced migration. IGF1 also enriched RNAPol2 on promoters containing IGF1R-binding sites. These functions were inhibited by IGF1/II-neutralizing antibody xentuzumab (BI 836845), or by blocking receptor internalization. We detected IGF1R on JUN and FAM21 promoters in fresh prostate cancers that contained abundant nuclear IGF1R, with evidence of correlation between nuclear IGF1R content and JUN expression in malignant prostatic epithelium. Taken together, these data reveal previously unrecognized molecular mechanisms through which IGFs promote tumorigenesis, with implications for therapeutic evaluation of anti-IGF drugs.Significance: These findings reveal a noncanonical nuclear role for IGF1R in tumorigenesis, with implications for therapeutic evaluation of IGF inhibitory drugs. Cancer Res; 78(13); 3497-509. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Aleksic
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Nicki Gray
- Computational Biology Research Group, University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Xiaoning Wu
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Eliot Osher
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Jack Mills
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Clare Verrill
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Richard J Bryant
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Cheng Han
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | - Adam G Lambert
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Rajeev Kumar
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Freddie C Hamdy
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | | | | | - Thomas Bogenrieder
- Boehringer Ingelheim RCV GmbH & Co KG, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, University Hospital Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Marchioninistrasse, Munich, Germany
| | - Stephen Taylor
- Computational Biology Research Group, University of Oxford, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Valentine M Macaulay
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom.
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
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29
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Cho B, Kim SJ, Lee EJ, Ahn SM, Lee JS, Ji DY, Lee K, Kang JT. Generation of insulin-deficient piglets by disrupting INS gene using CRISPR/Cas9 system. Transgenic Res 2018; 27:289-300. [PMID: 29691708 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-018-0074-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease with accompanying severe complications. Various animal models, mostly rodents due to availability of genetically modified lines, have been used to investigate the pathophysiology of diabetes. Using pigs for diabetic research can be beneficial because of their similarity in size, pathogenesis pathway, physiology, and metabolism with human. However, the use of pigs for diabetes research has been hampered due to only few pig models presenting diabetes symptoms. In this study, we have successfully generated insulin-deficient pigs by generating the indels of the porcine INS gene in somatic cells using CRISPR/Cas9 system followed by somatic cell nuclear transfer. First, somatic cells carrying a modified INS gene were generated using CRISPR/Cas9 system and their genotypes were confirmed by T7E1 assay; targeting efficiency was 40.4% (21/52). After embryo transfer, three live and five stillborn piglets were born. As expected, INS knockout piglets presented high blood glucose levels and glucose was detected in the urine. The level of insulin and c-peptide in the blood serum of INS knockout piglets were constant after feeding and the expression of insulin in the pancreas was absent in those piglets. This study demonstrates effectiveness of CRISPR/Cas9 system in generating novel pig models. We expect that these insulin-deficient pigs can be used in diabetes research to test the efficacy and safety of new drugs and the recipient of islet transplantation to investigate optimal transplantation strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bumrae Cho
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Su Jin Kim
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Eun-Jin Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Mi Ahn
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Seok Lee
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Dal-Young Ji
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea
| | - Kiho Lee
- Department of Animal and Poultry Sciences, Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA
| | - Jung-Taek Kang
- Biotechnology Research Institute, Mgenplus Co., Ltd., Seoul, Korea.
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30
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Jamwal G, Singh G, Dar MS, Singh P, Bano N, Syed SH, Sandhu P, Akhter Y, Monga SP, Dar MJ. Identification of a unique loss-of-function mutation in IGF1R and a crosstalk between IGF1R and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2018; 1865:920-931. [PMID: 29621572 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2018.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2017] [Revised: 03/06/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
IGF1R is a ubiquitous receptor tyrosine kinase that plays critical roles in cell proliferation, growth and survival. Clinical studies have demonstrated upregulation of IGF1R mediated signaling in a number of malignancies including colon, breast, and lung cancers. Overexpression of the IGF1R in these malignancies is associated with a poor prognosis and overall survival. IGF1R specific kinase inhibitors have failed in multiple clinical trials partly because of the complex nature of IGF1R signaling. Thus identifying new binding partners and allosteric sites on IGF1R are emerging areas of research. More recently, IGF1R has been shown to translocate into the nucleus and perform many functions. In this study, we generated a library of IGF1R deletion and point mutants to examine IGF1R subcellular localization and activation of downstream signaling pathways. We show that the nuclear localization of IGF1R is primarily defined by its cytoplasmic domain. We identified a cross-talk between IGF1R and Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathways and showed, for the first time, that IGF1R is associated with upregulation of TCF-mediated β-catenin transcriptional activity. Using loss-of-function mutants, deletion analysis and IGF1R specific inhibitor(s), we show that cytoplasmic and nuclear activities are two independent functions of IGF1R. Furthermore, we identified a unique loss-of-function mutation in IGF1R. This unique loss-of-function mutant retains only nuclear functions and sits in a pocket, outside ATP and substrate binding region, that is suited for designing allosteric inhibitors of IGF1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gayatri Jamwal
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Gurjinder Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Mohd Saleem Dar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Paramjeet Singh
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Nasima Bano
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Sajad Hussain Syed
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu & Kashmir, India
| | - Padmani Sandhu
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Kangra-176206, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Yusuf Akhter
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226025, India
| | - Satdarshan P Monga
- Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, USA
| | - Mohd Jamal Dar
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Anusandhan Bhawan, New Delhi, India; Cancer Pharmacology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu 180001, Jammu & Kashmir, India.
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31
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Type 1 IGF Receptor Localization in Paediatric Gliomas: Significant Association with WHO Grading and Clinical Outcome. Discov Oncol 2018. [PMID: 29524179 DOI: 10.1007/s12672-018-0328-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nuclear localization of insulin-like growth factor receptor type 1 (IGF-1R) has been described as adverse prognostic factor in some cancers. We studied the expression and localization of IGF-1R in paediatric patients with gliomas, as well as its association with World Health Organization (WHO) grading and survival. We conducted a single cohort, prospective study of paediatric patients with gliomas. Samples were taken at the time of the initial surgery; IGF-1R expression and localization were characterized by immunohistochemistry (IHC), subcellular fractionation and western blotting. Tumours (47/53) showed positive staining for IGF-1R by IHC. IGF-1R nuclear labelling was observed in 10/47 cases. IGF-1R staining was mostly non-nuclear in low-grade tumours, while IGF-1R nuclear labelling was predominant in high-grade gliomas (p = 0.0001). Survival was significantly longer in patients with gliomas having non-nuclear IGF-1R localization than in patients with nuclear IGF-1R tumours (p = 0.016). In gliomas, IGF-1R nuclear localization was significantly associated with both high-grade tumours and increased risk of death. Based on a prospective design, we provide evidence of a potential usefulness of intracellular localization of IGF-1R as prognostic factor in paediatric patients with gliomas.
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Warsito D, Lin Y, Gnirck AC, Sehat B, Larsson O. Nuclearly translocated insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor phosphorylates histone H3 at tyrosine 41 and induces SNAI2 expression via Brg1 chromatin remodeling protein. Oncotarget 2018; 7:42288-42302. [PMID: 27275536 PMCID: PMC5173135 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF-1R) is a receptor tyrosine kinase that has crucial roles in cell proliferation and protection from apoptosis. It is therefore not surprising that IGF-1R is often found overexpressed in many types of tumors. This has made IGF-1R a prominent target molecule for pharmacological companies to develop new anti-cancer agents. However, several clinical trials during the last 5 years using IGF-1R specific antibodies have shown disappointing results. We have previously shown that upon IGF-1 stimulation, the receptor becomes SUMOylated and translocates into the nucleus of cancer cells to act as a transcription co-factor. Soon after our original study, several others have reported nuclear IGF-1R (nIGF-1R) as well, and some of them have demonstrated a prognostic value of nIGF-1R expression in cancer. In the current study we demonstrate that nIGF-1R binds to and phosphorylates histone H3 at tyrosine 41 (H3Y41) in HeLa cells. Furthermore, our results suggest that phosphorylation of H3Y41 by nIGF-1R, stabilizes the binding of Brg1 chromatin remodeling protein to Histone H3. Our findings suggest that phosphorylated nIGF-1R, rather than total nIGF-1R, plays a superior role in these contexts. We identified SNAI2 oncogene as a target gene for nIGF-1R and its expression was decreased upon mutation of H3Y41 or by Brg1 knockdown. Furthermore, we demonstrate that both IGF-1R and Brg1 binds to the SNAI2 promoter. As SNAI2 protein is implicated in e.g. cancer invasion and metastasis, the nIGF-1R-mediated effects shown in this study may influence such important tumor phenotypic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dudi Warsito
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Yingbo Lin
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Christin Gnirck
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bita Sehat
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Oncology-Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden
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33
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Christopoulos PF, Corthay A, Koutsilieris M. Aiming for the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 system in breast cancer therapeutics. Cancer Treat Rev 2017; 63:79-95. [PMID: 29253837 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctrv.2017.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Despite the major discoveries occurred in oncology the recent years, breast malignancies remain one of the most common causes of cancer-related deaths for women in developed countries. Development of HER2-targeting drugs has been considered a breakthrough in anti-cancer approaches and alluded to the potential of targeting growth factors in breast cancer (BrCa) therapeutics. More than twenty-five years have passed since the Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) system was initially recognized as a potential target candidate in BrCa therapy. To date, a growing body of studies have implicated the IGF-1 signaling with the BrCa biology. Despite the promising experimental evidence, the impression from clinical trials is rather disappointing. Several reasons may account for this and the last word regarding the efficacy of this system as a target candidate in BrCa therapeutics is probably not written yet. Herein, we provide the theoretical basis, as well as, a comprehensive overview of the current literature, regarding the different strategies targeting the various components of the IGF-1/IGF-1R axis in several pathophysiological aspects of BrCa, including the tumor micro-environment and cancer stemness. In addition, we review the rationale for targeting the IGF-1 system in the different BrCa molecular subtypes and in treatment resistant breast tumors with a focus on both the molecular mechanisms and on the clinical perspectives of such approaches in specific population subgroups. We also discuss the future challenges, as well as, the development of novel molecules and strategies targeting the system and suggest potential improvements in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis F Christopoulos
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
| | - Alexandre Corthay
- Tumor Immunology Lab, Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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34
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Aleksic T, Verrill C, Bryant RJ, Han C, Worrall AR, Brureau L, Larré S, Higgins GS, Fazal F, Sabbagh A, Haider S, Buffa FM, Cole D, Macaulay VM. IGF-1R associates with adverse outcomes after radical radiotherapy for prostate cancer. Br J Cancer 2017; 117:1600-1606. [PMID: 28972962 PMCID: PMC5729437 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2017.337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Activated type 1 insulin-like growth factor receptors (IGF-1Rs) undergo internalisation and nuclear translocation, promoting cell survival. We previously reported that IGF-1R inhibition delays DNA damage repair, sensitising prostate cancer cells to ionising radiation. Here we tested the clinical relevance of these findings. METHODS We assessed associations between IGF-1R and clinical outcomes by immunohistochemistry in diagnostic biopsies of 136 men treated with 55-70 Gy external beam radiotherapy for prostate cancer, comparing results with publicly available transcriptional data in surgically treated patients. RESULTS Following radiotherapy, overall recurrence-free survival was shorter in patients whose tumours contained high total, cytoplasmic and internalised (nuclear/cytoplasmic) IGF-1R. High total IGF-1R associated with high primary Gleason grade and risk of metastasis, and cytoplasmic and internalised IGF-1R with biochemical recurrence, which includes patients experiencing local recurrence within the radiation field indicating radioresistance. In multivariate analysis, cytoplasmic, internalised and total IGF-1R were independently associated with risk of overall recurrence, and cytoplasmic IGF-1R was an independent predictor of biochemical recurrence post radiotherapy. Insulin-like growth factor receptors expression did not associate with biochemical recurrence after radical prostatectomy. CONCLUSIONS These data reveal increased risk of post-radiotherapy recurrence in men whose prostate cancers contain high levels of total or cytoplasmic IGF-1R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Aleksic
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Clare Verrill
- Department of Cellular Pathology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Richard J Bryant
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Cheng Han
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Andrew Ross Worrall
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Laurent Brureau
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Stephane Larré
- Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford OX3 9DU, UK
| | - Geoff S Higgins
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Fahad Fazal
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Ahmad Sabbagh
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Syed Haider
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - Francesca M Buffa
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
| | - David Cole
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Valentine M Macaulay
- Department of Oncology, University of Oxford, Old Road Campus Research Building, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7DQ, UK
- Oxford Cancer and Haematology Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
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35
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Yuan J, Yin Z, Tao K, Wang G, Gao J. Function of insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in cancer resistance to chemotherapy. Oncol Lett 2017; 15:41-47. [PMID: 29285186 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.7276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/28/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance is a primary cause of chemotherapeutic failure; however, how this resistance develops is complex. A comprehensive understanding of chemotherapeutic resistance mechanisms may aid in identifying more effective drugs and improve the survival rates of patients with cancer. Insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R), a member of the insulin receptor family, has been extensively assessed for biological activity, and its putative contribution to tumor cell development and progression. Furthermore, researchers have attended to drugs that target IGF1R since IGF1R functions as a membrane receptor. However, how IGF1R participates in chemotherapeutic resistance remains unclear. Therefore, the present study described the IGF1R gene and its associated signaling pathways, and offered details of IGF1R-induced tumor chemoresistance associated with promoting cell proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, regulation of ATP-binding cassette transporter proteins and interactions with the extracellular matrix. The present study offered additional explanations for tumor chemotherapy resistance and provided a theoretical basis of IGF1R and its downstream pathways for future possible chemotherapy treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingsheng Yuan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhijie Yin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Kaixiong Tao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Guobing Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Jinbo Gao
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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36
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Solomon-Zemler R, Sarfstein R, Werner H. Nuclear insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) displays proliferative and regulatory activities in non-malignant cells. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0185164. [PMID: 28945762 PMCID: PMC5612648 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0185164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) mediates the biological actions of IGF1 and IGF2. The IGF1R is involved in both physiological and pathological activities and is usually overexpressed in most types of cancer. In addition to its classical mechanism of action, recent evidence has shown a nuclear presence of IGF1R, associated with novel genomic/transcriptional types of activities. The present study was aimed at evaluating the hypothesis that nuclear IGF1R localization is not restricted to cancer cells and might constitute a novel physiologically relevant regulatory mechanism. Our data shows that nuclear translocation takes place in a wide array of cells, including normal diploid fibroblasts. In addition, we provide evidence for a synergistic effect of a nuclear translocation blocker along with selective IGF1R inhibitors in terms of decreasing cell proliferation. Given the important role of the IGF1R in mitogenesis, the present results may be of translational relevance in cancer research. In conclusion, results are consistent with the concept that nuclear IGF1R fulfills important physiological and pathological roles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravid Solomon-Zemler
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rive Sarfstein
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- * E-mail:
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37
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Lin Y, Liu H, Waraky A, Haglund F, Agarwal P, Jernberg-Wiklund H, Warsito D, Larsson O. SUMO-modified insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) increases cell cycle progression and cell proliferation. J Cell Physiol 2017; 232:2722-2730. [PMID: 28112398 PMCID: PMC5518303 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.25818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Increasing number of studies have shown nuclear localization of the insulin‐like growth factor 1 receptor (nIGF‐1R) in tumor cells and its links to adverse clinical outcome in various cancers. Any obvious cell physiological roles of nIGF‐1R have, however, still not been disclosed. Previously, we reported that IGF‐1R translocates to cell nucleus and modulates gene expression by binding to enhancers, provided that the receptor is SUMOylated. In this study, we constructed stable transfectants of wild type IGF1R (WT) and triple‐SUMO‐site‐mutated IGF1R (TSM) using igf1r knockout mouse fibroblasts (R‐). Cell clones (R‐WT and R‐TSM) expressing equal amounts of IGF‐1R were selected for experiments. Phosphorylation of IGF‐1R, Akt, and Erk upon IGF‐1 stimulation was equal in R‐WT and R‐TSM. WT was confirmed to enter nuclei. TSM did also undergo nuclear translocation, although to a lesser extent. This may be explained by that TSM heterodimerizes with insulin receptor, which is known to translocate to cell nuclei. R‐WT proliferated substantially faster than R‐TSM, which did not differ significantly from the empty vector control. Upon IGF‐1 stimulation G1‐S‐phase progression of R‐WT increased from 12 to 38%, compared to 13 to 20% of R‐TSM. The G1‐S progression of R‐WT correlated with increased expression of cyclin D1, A, and CDK2, as well as downregulation of p27. This suggests that SUMO‐IGF‐1R affects upstream mechanisms that control and coordinate expression of cell cycle regulators. Further studies to identify such SUMO‐IGF‐1R dependent mechanisms seem important.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingbo Lin
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, CCK R8: 04, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hongyu Liu
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, CCK R8: 04, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ahmed Waraky
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, CCK R8: 04, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Felix Haglund
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, CCK R8: 04, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Prasoon Agarwal
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Rudbeck Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden.,Department of Laboratory Medicine (LABMED) H5, Division of Clinical Immunology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Dudi Warsito
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, CCK R8: 04, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Olle Larsson
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, CCK R8: 04, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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38
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Jung SY, Barrington WE, Lane DS, Chen C, Chlebowski R, Corbie-Smith G, Hou L, Zhang ZF, Paek MS, Crandall CJ. Bioavailable insulin-like growth factor-I as mediator of racial disparity in obesity-relevant breast and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women. Menopause 2017; 24:288-298. [PMID: 27749737 PMCID: PMC5323280 DOI: 10.1097/gme.0000000000000753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Bioavailable insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) interacts with obesity and exogenous estrogen (E) in a racial disparity in obesity-related cancer risk, yet their interconnected pathways are not fully characterized. We investigated whether circulating bioavailable IGF-I acted as a mediator of the racial disparity in obesity-related cancers such as breast and colorectal (CR) cancers and how obesity and E use regulate this relationship. METHODS A total of 2,425 white and 164 African American (AA) postmenopausal women from the Women's Health Initiative Observational Study were followed from October 1, 1993 through August 29, 2014. To assess bioactive IGF-I as a mediator of race-cancer relationship, we used the Baron-Kenny method and quantitative estimation of the mediation effect. RESULTS Compared with white women, AA women had higher IGF-I levels; their higher risk of CR cancer, after accounting for IGF-I, was no longer significant. IGF-I was associated with breast and CR cancers even after controlling for race. Among viscerally obese (waist/hip ratio >0.85) and overall nonobese women (body mass index <30), IGF-I was a strong mediator, reducing the racial disparity in both cancers by 30% and 60%, respectively. In E-only users and nonusers, IGF-I explained the racial disparity in CR cancer only modestly. CONCLUSIONS Bioavailable IGF-I is potentially important in racial disparities in obesity-related breast and CR cancer risk between postmenopausal AA and white women. Body fat distribution and E use may be part of the interconnected hormonal pathways related to racial difference in IGF-I levels and obesity-related cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Yon Jung
- Translational Sciences Section, Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Nursing, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Wendy E. Barrington
- Psychosocial & Community Health, School of Nursing, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Dorothy S. Lane
- Department of Family, Population and Preventive Medicine. Stony Brook University School of Medicine, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Chu Chen
- Program in Epidemiology, Division of Public Health Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Rowan Chlebowski
- Los Angeles Biomedical Research Institute at Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, CA, USA
| | - Giselle Corbie-Smith
- Department of Medicine, UNC-Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Lifang Hou
- Department of Preventive Medicine & Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Zuo-Feng Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Min-So Paek
- Department of Social Welfare, Konkuk University, Chungju, South Korea
| | - Carolyn J. Crandall
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Cohen-Sinai T, Cohen Z, Werner H, Berger R. Identification of BRCA1 As a Potential Biomarker for Insulin-Like Growth Factor-1 Receptor Targeted Therapy in Breast Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:148. [PMID: 28706506 PMCID: PMC5489552 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor (IGF1R) emerged in recent years as a promising therapeutic target in oncology. Identification of potential biomarkers capable of predicting response to IGF1R-targeted therapy is of cardinal importance. Tumor suppressor BRCA1 has important roles in multiple pathways, including gene transcription, DNA damage repair, and control of apoptosis. Early studies have identified the IGF1R gene as a downstream target for inhibitory regulation by wild-type, but not mutant, BRCA1. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the hypothesis that the mutational status of BRCA1 may influence the ability of IGF1R-directed therapies to efficiently inhibit the IGF1R axis. Using breast cancer-derived cell lines expressing a wild-type or a mutant BRCA1, we demonstrate that the capacity of MK-0646, a monoclonal antibody antagonist to the human IGF1R, to inhibit insulin-like growth factor-1-stimulated IGF1R and downstream mediators' phosphorylation was impaired in mutant BRCA1-expressing cell lines. In addition, the antibody was able to reduce proliferation of wild-type BRCA1-expressing cells but had a reduced inhibitory effect in mutant BRCA1-expressing cells. In summary, our data indicate that the mutational status of BRCA1 must be taken into account when selecting patients for IGF1R targeting protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tali Cohen-Sinai
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Institute of Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Zoya Cohen
- Institute of Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Haim Werner
- Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
- *Correspondence: Haim Werner,
| | - Raanan Berger
- Institute of Oncology, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
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Björner S, Rosendahl AH, Simonsson M, Markkula A, Jirström K, Borgquist S, Rose C, Ingvar C, Jernström H. Body Mass Index Influences the Prognostic Impact of Combined Nuclear Insulin Receptor and Estrogen Receptor Expression in Primary Breast Cancer. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2017; 8:332. [PMID: 29234306 PMCID: PMC5712344 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2017.00332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The prognostic importance of tumor-specific nuclear insulin receptor (InsR) expression in breast cancer is unclear, while membrane and cytoplasmic localization of InsR is better characterized. The insulin signaling network is influenced by obesity and may interact with the estrogen receptor α (ERα) signaling. The purpose was to investigate the interplay between nuclear InsR, ER, body mass index (BMI), and prognosis. Tumor-specific expression of nuclear InsR was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays from 900 patients with primary invasive breast cancer without preoperative treatment, included in a population-based cohort in Sweden (2002-2012) in relation to prognosis. Patients were followed for up to 11 years during which 107 recurrences were observed. Nuclear InsR+ expression was present in 214 patients (23.8%) and increased with longer time between surgery and staining (P < 0.001). There were significant effect modifications by ER status and BMI in relation to clinical outcomes. Nuclear InsR+ conferred higher recurrence-risk in patients with ER+ tumors, but lower risk in patients with ER- tumors (Pinteraction = 0.003). Normal-weight patients with nuclear InsR+ tumors had higher recurrence-risk, while overweight or obese patients had half the recurrence-risk compared to patients with nuclear InsR- tumors (Pinteraction = 0.007). Normal-weight patients with a nuclear InsR-/ER+ tumor had the lowest risk for recurrence compared to all other nuclear InsR/ER combinations [HRadj 0.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.25-0.97], while overweight or obese patients with nuclear InsR-/ER- tumors had the worst prognosis (HRadj 7.75, 95% CI: 2.04-29.48). Nuclear InsR was more prognostic than ER among chemotherapy-treated patients. In summary, nuclear InsR may have prognostic impact among normal-weight patients with ER+ tumors and in overweight or obese patients with ER- tumors. Normal-weight patients with nuclear InsR-/ER+ tumors may benefit from less treatment than normal-weight patients with other nuclear InsR/ER combinations. Overweight or obese patients with nuclear InsR-/ER- tumors may benefit from more tailored treatment or weight management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofie Björner
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Ann H. Rosendahl
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Maria Simonsson
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Andrea Markkula
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Karin Jirström
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Signe Borgquist
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- Clinical Trial Unit, Forum South, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Carsten Rose
- CREATE Health and Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Christian Ingvar
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Surgery, Lund University, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Helena Jernström
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Oncology and Pathology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
- *Correspondence: Helena Jernström,
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Pessina P, Castillo VA, César D, Sartore I, Meikle A. Proliferation, angiogenesis and differentiation related markers in compact and follicular-compact thyroid carcinomas in dogs. Open Vet J 2016; 6:247-254. [PMID: 28116249 PMCID: PMC5223283 DOI: 10.4314/ovj.v6i3.15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Immunohistochemical markers (IGF-1, IGF-1R, VEGF, FGF-2, RARα and RXR) were evaluated in healthy canine thyroid glands (n=8) and in follicular-compact (n=8) and compact thyroid carcinomas (n=8). IGF-1, IGF-1R and VEGF expression was higher in fibroblasts and endothelial cells of compact carcinoma than in healthy glands (P < 0.05). Compared to follicular-compact carcinoma, compact carcinoma had higher IGF-1R expression in fibroblasts, and higher FGF-2 expression in endothelial cells (P < 0.05). RARα expression was higher in endothelial cells of compact carcinoma than in those of other groups (P < 0.05). The upregulation of these proliferation- and angiogenesis-related factors in endothelial cells and/or fibroblasts and not in follicular cells of compact carcinoma compared to healthy glands supports the relevance of stromal cells in cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Pessina
- Laboratorio de Técnicas Nucleares, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - V A Castillo
- Cat. Clin. Méd. Peq. An. and U. Endocrinología, Escuela Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad de Buenos Aires. Av. Chorroarín 280, C. Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - D César
- Instituto Plan Agropecuario, Br. Artigas 3802, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - I Sartore
- Laboratorio de Técnicas Nucleares, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - A Meikle
- Laboratorio de Técnicas Nucleares, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de la República, Lasplaces 1550, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Costa-Silva DR, Barros-Oliveira MDAC, Borges RS, Tavares CB, Borges US, Alves-Ribeiro FA, Silva VC, Silva BBDA. Insulin-like Growth Factor 1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2016; 88:2349-2356. [PMID: 27925035 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765201620160169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1) gene polymorphism has been associated with an increased risk for breast cancer. IGF-1 is a key regulator of proliferation, cell differentiation and apoptosis. It has important mitogenic and anti-apoptotic activities in normal cells and in breast cancer cells, acting synergistically with estrogen to increase neoplastic cell proliferation. This review aims to present the recent finds of IGF-1 gene polymorphism and its relationship with the risk of breast cancer through following the polymorphic dinucleotide repeat cytosine-adenine (CA) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by searching in the PubMed database publications focused studies published from 2010 to 2015 related to IGF-1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk. A growing number of studies support an association between IGF-1 gene polymorphism and breast cancer risk with conflicting results, nevertheless elucidation of the patterns of IGF-1 gene expression may permit characterization of women at high-risk for breast cancer, as well as the development of strategies for early diagnosis and efficient treatment against the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danylo R Costa-Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. Frei Serafim, 2280, Centro, 64001-020 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Maria DA Conceição Barros-Oliveira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. Frei Serafim, 2280, Centro, 64001-020 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Rafael S Borges
- Setor de Mastologia do Hospital Getulio Vargas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. Frei Serafim, 2352, Centro, 64001-020 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Cléciton B Tavares
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. Frei Serafim, 2280, Centro, 64001-020 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Umbelina S Borges
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. Frei Serafim, 2280, Centro, 64001-020 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Francisco A Alves-Ribeiro
- Setor de Mastologia do Hospital Getulio Vargas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. Frei Serafim, 2352, Centro, 64001-020 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Vladimir C Silva
- Serviço de Biologia Molecular, Hospital Natan Portella, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Rua Governador Raimundo Artur de Vasconcelos, 151, Centro/Sul, 64001-450 Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Benedito B DA Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências e Saúde, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. Frei Serafim, 2280, Centro, 64001-020 Teresina, PI, Brazil.,Setor de Mastologia do Hospital Getulio Vargas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Av. Frei Serafim, 2352, Centro, 64001-020 Teresina, PI, Brazil
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Voudouri K, Nikitovic D, Berdiaki A, Kletsas D, Karamanos NK, Tzanakakis GN. IGF-I/EGF and E2 signaling crosstalk through IGF-IR conduit point affects breast cancer cell adhesion. Matrix Biol 2016; 56:95-113. [DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2016.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Clinical studies in humans targeting the various components of the IGF system show lack of efficacy in the treatment of cancer. MUTATION RESEARCH-REVIEWS IN MUTATION RESEARCH 2016; 772:105-122. [PMID: 28528684 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrrev.2016.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2016] [Revised: 09/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/16/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factors (IGFs) system regulates cell growth, differentiation and energy metabolism and plays crucial role in the regulation of key aspects of tumor biology, such as cancer cell growth, survival, transformation and invasion. The current focus for cancer therapeutic approaches have shifted from the conventional treatments towards the targeted therapies and the IGF system has gained a great interest as anti-cancer therapy. The proliferative, anti-apoptotic and transformation effects of IGFs are mainly triggered by the ligation of the type I IGF receptor (IGF-IR). Thus, aiming at developing novel and effective cancer therapies, different strategies have been employed to target IGF system in human malignancies, including but not limited to ligand or receptor neutralizing antibodies and IGF-IR signaling inhibitors. In this review, we have focused on the clinical studies that have been conducted targeting the various components of the IGF system for the treatment of different types of cancer, providing a description and the challenges of each targeting strategy and the degree of success.
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45
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Malaguarnera R, Nicolosi ML, Sacco A, Morcavallo A, Vella V, Voci C, Spatuzza M, Xu SQ, Iozzo RV, Vigneri R, Morrione A, Belfiore A. Novel cross talk between IGF-IR and DDR1 regulates IGF-IR trafficking, signaling and biological responses. Oncotarget 2016; 6:16084-105. [PMID: 25840417 PMCID: PMC4599258 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin-like growth factor-I receptor (IGF-IR), plays a key role in regulating mammalian development and growth, and is frequently deregulated in cancer contributing to tumor initiation and progression. Discoidin domain receptor 1 (DDR1), a collagen receptor tyrosine-kinase, is as well frequently overexpressed in cancer and implicated in cancer progression. Thus, we investigated whether a functional cross-talk between the IGF-IR and DDR1 exists and plays any role in cancer progression. Using human breast cancer cells we found that DDR1 constitutively associated with the IGF-IR. However, this interaction was enhanced by IGF-I stimulation, which promoted rapid DDR1 tyrosine-phosphorylation and co-internalization with the IGF-IR. Significantly, DDR1 was critical for IGF-IR endocytosis and trafficking into early endosomes, IGF-IR protein expression and IGF-I intracellular signaling and biological effects, including cell proliferation, migration and colony formation. These biological responses were inhibited by DDR1 silencing and enhanced by DDR1 overexpression. Experiments in mouse fibroblasts co-transfected with the human IGF-IR and DDR1 gave similar results and indicated that, in the absence of IGF-IR, collagen-dependent phosphorylation of DDR1 is impaired. These results demonstrate a critical role of DDR1 in the regulation of IGF-IR action, and identify DDR1 as a novel important target for breast cancers that overexpress IGF-IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Malaguarnera
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Maria Luisa Nicolosi
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonella Sacco
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Alaide Morcavallo
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Veronica Vella
- Motor Sciences, School of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University of Enna, Enna, Italy
| | - Concetta Voci
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Michela Spatuzza
- Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council, Catania, Italy
| | - Shi-Qiong Xu
- Department of Urology and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Renato V Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and Cancer Cell Biology and Signaling Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Riccardo Vigneri
- Endocrinology, Department of Clinical and Sperimental Medicine, University of Catania, Garibaldi-Nesima Hospital, Catania, Italy
| | - Andrea Morrione
- Department of Urology and Biology of Prostate Cancer Program, Kimmel Cancer Center, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
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Girnita L, Takahashi SI, Crudden C, Fukushima T, Worrall C, Furuta H, Yoshihara H, Hakuno F, Girnita A. Chapter Seven - When Phosphorylation Encounters Ubiquitination: A Balanced Perspective on IGF-1R Signaling. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2016; 141:277-311. [PMID: 27378760 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Cell-surface receptors govern the critical information passage from outside to inside the cell and hence control important cellular decisions such as survival, growth, and differentiation. These receptors, structurally grouped into different families, utilize common intracellular signaling-proteins and pathways, yet promote divergent biological consequences. In rapid processing of extracellular signals to biological outcomes, posttranslational modifications offer a repertoire of protein processing options. Protein ubiquitination was originally identified as a signal for protein degradation through the proteasome system. It is now becoming increasingly recognized that both ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like proteins, all evolved from a common ubiquitin structural superfold, are used extensively by the cell and encompass signal tags for many different cellular fates. In this chapter we examine the current understanding of the ubiquitin regulation surrounding the insulin-like growth factor and insulin signaling systems, major members of the larger family of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) and key regulators of fundamental physiological and pathological states.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Girnita
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - S-I Takahashi
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - C Crudden
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - T Fukushima
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - C Worrall
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - H Furuta
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - H Yoshihara
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - F Hakuno
- Departments of Animal Sciences and Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - A Girnita
- Department of Oncology and Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; Dermatology Department, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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47
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Atkins SJ, Lentz SI, Fernando R, Smith TJ. Disrupted TSH Receptor Expression in Female Mouse Lung Fibroblasts Alters Subcellular IGF-1 Receptor Distribution. Endocrinology 2015; 156:4731-40. [PMID: 26389690 PMCID: PMC4655214 DOI: 10.1210/en.2015-1464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
A relationship between the actions of TSH and IGF-1 was first recognized several decades ago. The close physical and functional associations between their respective receptors (TSHR and IGF-1R) has been described more recently in thyroid epithelium and human orbital fibroblasts as has the noncanonical behavior of IGF-1R. Here we report studies conducted in lung fibroblasts from female wild-type C57/B6 (TSHR(+/+)) mice and their littermates in which TSHR has been knocked out (TSHR(-/-)). Flow cytometric analysis revealed that cell surface IGF-1R levels are substantially lower in TSHR(-/-) fibroblasts compared with TSHR(+/+) fibroblasts. Confocal immunofluorescence microscopy revealed similar divergence with regard to both cytoplasmic and nuclear IGF-1R. Western blot analysis demonstrated both intact IGF-1R and receptor fragments in both cellular compartments. In contrast, IGF-1R mRNA levels were similar in fibroblasts from mice without and with intact TSHR expression. IGF-1 treatment of TSHR(+/+) fibroblasts resulted in reduced nuclear and cytoplasmic staining for IGF-1Rα, whereas it enhanced the nuclear signal in TSHR(-/-) cells. In contrast, IGF-1 enhanced cytoplasmic IGF-1Rβ in TSHR(-/-) fibroblasts while increasing the nuclear signal in TSHR(+/+) cells. These findings indicate the intimate relationship between TSHR and IGF-1R found earlier in human orbital fibroblasts also exists in mouse lung fibroblasts. Furthermore, the presence of TSHR in these fibroblasts influenced not only the levels of IGF-1R protein but also its subcellular distribution and response to IGF-1. They suggest that the mouse might serve as a suitable model for delineating the molecular mechanisms overarching these two receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Atkins
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Stephen I Lentz
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Roshini Fernando
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
| | - Terry J Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center and Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology, and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105
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48
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Christopoulos PF, Msaouel P, Koutsilieris M. The role of the insulin-like growth factor-1 system in breast cancer. Mol Cancer 2015; 14:43. [PMID: 25743390 PMCID: PMC4335664 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-015-0291-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 249] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Accepted: 01/07/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
IGF-1 is a potent mitogen of major importance in the mammary gland. IGF-1 binding to the cognate receptor, IGF-1R, triggers a signaling cascade leading to proliferative and anti-apoptotic events. Although many of the relevant molecular pathways and intracellular cascades remain to be elucidated, a growing body of evidence points to the important role of the IGF-1 system in breast cancer development, progression and metastasis. IGF-1 is a point of convergence for major signaling pathways implicated in breast cancer growth. In this review, we provide an overview and concise update on the function and regulation of IGF-1 as well as the role it plays in breast malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis F Christopoulos
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece.
| | - Pavlos Msaouel
- Department of Internal Medicine, Jacobi Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
| | - Michael Koutsilieris
- Department of Experimental Physiology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Goudi, Athens, Greece.
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49
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Palmerini E, Benassi MS, Quattrini I, Pazzaglia L, Donati D, Benini S, Gamberi G, Gambarotti M, Picci P, Ferrari S. Prognostic and predictive role of CXCR4, IGF-1R and Ezrin expression in localized synovial sarcoma: is chemotaxis important to tumor response? Orphanet J Rare Dis 2015; 10:6. [PMID: 25613038 PMCID: PMC4320838 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-014-0222-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Synovial sarcoma (SS) is a rare tumor, with dismal survival when metastatic. The role of adjuvant chemotherapy is debated. New prognostic and predictive factors are needed. METHODS We reviewed patients with localized SS; SS18-SSX fusion transcript presence was confirmed by FISH and RT-PCR. Expression of CXCR4, IGF-1R and Ezrin were evaluated by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Tumor samples from 88 SS patients (45 female; 43 male) with median age 37 years (range 11-63) were selected. The size of the lesion was > 5 cm in 68% of patients and 34% of cases presented biphasic histotype. All patients underwent surgery, 56% adjuvant radiotherapy (RT), 65% adjuvant chemotherapy. A positive stain for IGF-1R was detected in 55 patients, with nucleus expression in 21 patients. CXCR4 was expressed in 74 patients, nuclear pattern in 31 patients. 80 SS were positive to Ezrin, 48 had cytoplasmatic location, 32 membrane location. With a median follow-up of 6 years (1-30 years), the 5-year overall survival (OS) was 70% (95% CI 60-81). 5-year OS was 63% (95% CI 41-85%) for patients with positive IGF-1R/nuclear expression, and 73% (95% CI 61-85%; P = 0.05) in negative patients. 5-year OS was 47% (95% CI 27-66%) in patients with positive CXCR4/nuclear staining, and 86% (95% CI 76-96%, P = 0.0003) in negative cases. No survival difference was found according to Ezrin expression. By multivariate analysis, nuclear expression of CXCR4 and IGF-1R was confirmed independent adverse prognostic factor for SS patient survival linked to the use of chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS Our findings have important potential implications demonstrating that together with clinical prognostic factors such as radiotherapy and age, CXCR4 and IGF-1R negatively influences survival in patients with localized SS. We believe that further studies addressed to the effects of CXCR4 and IGF-1R inhibitors on cell viability and function are needed to plan new and more appropriate SS treatments.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Chemotaxis
- Child
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/biosynthesis
- Cytoskeletal Proteins/genetics
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Forecasting
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunohistochemistry
- Male
- Middle Aged
- Prognosis
- RNA, Neoplasm
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/biosynthesis
- Receptor, IGF Type 1/genetics
- Receptors, CXCR4/biosynthesis
- Receptors, CXCR4/genetics
- Retrospective Studies
- Sarcoma, Synovial/diagnosis
- Sarcoma, Synovial/genetics
- Sarcoma, Synovial/metabolism
- Signal Transduction
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuela Palmerini
- />PROMETEO Laboratory/Section of Chemotherapy, Research, Innovation & Technology (RIT) Department, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Via Pupilli, 1, 40136, Bologna, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Gabriella Gamberi
- />Surgical Pathology, Bologna, Italy
- />Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Piero Picci
- />Laboratory of Experimental Research, Bologna, Italy
| | - Stefano Ferrari
- />Section of Chemotherapy Musculoskeletal Oncology Department, Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
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50
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De Marco P, Cirillo F, Vivacqua A, Malaguarnera R, Belfiore A, Maggiolini M. Novel Aspects Concerning the Functional Cross-Talk between the Insulin/IGF-I System and Estrogen Signaling in Cancer Cells. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:30. [PMID: 25798130 PMCID: PMC4351617 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Accepted: 02/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The insulin/IGF system plays an important role in cancer progression. Accordingly, elevated levels of circulating insulin have been associated with an increased cancer risk as well as with aggressive and metastatic cancer phenotypes. Numerous studies have documented that estrogens cooperate with the insulin/IGF system in multiple pathophysiological conditions. The biological responses to estrogens are mainly mediated by the estrogen receptors (ER)α and ERβ, which act as transcription factors; however, several studies have recently demonstrated that a member of the G protein-coupled receptors, named GPR30/G-protein estrogen receptor (GPER), is also involved in the estrogen signaling in normal and malignant cells as well as in cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). In this regard, novel mechanisms linking the action of estrogens through GPER with the insulin/IGF system have been recently demonstrated. This review recapitulates the relevant aspects of this functional cross-talk between the insulin/IGF and the estrogenic GPER transduction pathways, which occurs in various cell types and may account for cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola De Marco
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Francesca Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Adele Vivacqua
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Roberta Malaguarnera
- Endocrinology, Department of Health, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Antonino Belfiore
- Endocrinology, Department of Health, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy
- *Correspondence: Antonino Belfiore, Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy e-mail: ; Marcello Maggiolini, Università della Calabria, via P. Bucci, Rende 87036, Italy e-mail:
| | - Marcello Maggiolini
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
- *Correspondence: Antonino Belfiore, Università degli Studi Magna Graecia di Catanzaro, Viale Europa, Loc. Germaneto, Catanzaro 88100, Italy e-mail: ; Marcello Maggiolini, Università della Calabria, via P. Bucci, Rende 87036, Italy e-mail:
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