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Luanpitpong S, Tangkiettrakul K, Kang X, Srisook P, Poohadsuan J, Samart P, Klaihmon P, Janan M, Lorthongpanich C, Laowtammathron C, Issaragrisil S. OGT and OGA gene-edited human induced pluripotent stem cells for dissecting the functional roles of O-GlcNAcylation in hematopoiesis. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 12:1361943. [PMID: 38752196 PMCID: PMC11094211 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2024.1361943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Hematopoiesis continues throughout life to produce all types of blood cells from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Metabolic state is a known regulator of HSC self-renewal and differentiation, but whether and how metabolic sensor O-GlcNAcylation, which can be modulated via an inhibition of its cycling enzymes O-GlcNAcase (OGA) and O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), contributes to hematopoiesis remains largely unknown. Herein, isogenic, single-cell clones of OGA-depleted (OGAi) and OGT-depleted (OGTi) human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) were successfully generated from the master hiPSC line MUSIi012-A, which were reprogrammed from CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) containing epigenetic memory. The established OGAi and OGTi hiPSCs exhibiting an increase or decrease in cellular O-GlcNAcylation concomitant with their loss of OGA and OGT, respectively, appeared normal in phenotype and karyotype, and retained pluripotency, although they may favor differentiation toward certain germ lineages. Upon hematopoietic differentiation through mesoderm induction and endothelial-to-hematopoietic transition, we found that OGA inhibition accelerates hiPSC commitment toward HSPCs and that disruption of O-GlcNAc homeostasis affects their commitment toward erythroid lineage. The differentiated HSPCs from all groups were capable of giving rise to all hematopoietic progenitors, thus confirming their functional characteristics. Altogether, the established single-cell clones of OGTi and OGAi hiPSCs represent a valuable platform for further dissecting the roles of O-GlcNAcylation in blood cell development at various stages and lineages of blood cells. The incomplete knockout of OGA and OGT in these hiPSCs makes them susceptible to additional manipulation, i.e., by small molecules, allowing the molecular dynamics studies of O-GlcNAcylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Blood Products and Cellular Immunotherapy Research Group, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kantpitchar Tangkiettrakul
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Blood Products and Cellular Immunotherapy Research Group, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xing Kang
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Pimonwan Srisook
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirarat Poohadsuan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Parinya Samart
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phatchanat Klaihmon
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Montira Janan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Blood Products and Cellular Immunotherapy Research Group, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanchao Lorthongpanich
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Blood Products and Cellular Immunotherapy Research Group, Research Division, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chuti Laowtammathron
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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2
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Skok Gibbs C, Mahmood O, Bonneau R, Cho K. PMF-GRN: a variational inference approach to single-cell gene regulatory network inference using probabilistic matrix factorization. Genome Biol 2024; 25:88. [PMID: 38589899 PMCID: PMC11003171 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-024-03226-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Inferring gene regulatory networks (GRNs) from single-cell data is challenging due to heuristic limitations. Existing methods also lack estimates of uncertainty. Here we present Probabilistic Matrix Factorization for Gene Regulatory Network Inference (PMF-GRN). Using single-cell expression data, PMF-GRN infers latent factors capturing transcription factor activity and regulatory relationships. Using variational inference allows hyperparameter search for principled model selection and direct comparison to other generative models. We extensively test and benchmark our method using real single-cell datasets and synthetic data. We show that PMF-GRN infers GRNs more accurately than current state-of-the-art single-cell GRN inference methods, offering well-calibrated uncertainty estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Omar Mahmood
- Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10011, USA
| | - Richard Bonneau
- Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10011, USA
- Prescient Design, Genentech, New York, NY, 10010, USA
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York, NY, 10003, USA
| | - Kyunghyun Cho
- Center for Data Science, New York University, New York, NY, 10011, USA.
- Prescient Design, Genentech, New York, NY, 10010, USA.
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3
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Seo J, Kim Y, Ji S, Kim HB, Jung H, Yi EC, Lee YH, Shin I, Yang WH, Cho JW. O-GlcNAcylation of RIPK1 rescues red blood cells from necroptosis. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1160490. [PMID: 37359541 PMCID: PMC10289004 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1160490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Necroptosis is a type of cell death with excessive inflammation and organ damage in various human diseases. Although abnormal necroptosis is common in patients with neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, and infectious diseases, the mechanisms by which O-GlcNAcylation contributes to the regulation of necroptotic cell death are poorly understood. In this study, we reveal that O-GlcNAcylation of RIPK1 (receptor-interacting protein kinase1) was decreased in erythrocytes of the mouse injected with lipopolysaccharide, resulting in the acceleration of erythrocyte necroptosis through increased formation of RIPK1-RIPK3 complex. Mechanistically, we discovered that O-GlcNAcylation of RIPK1 at serine 331 in human (corresponding to serine 332 in mouse) inhibits phosphorylation of RIPK1 at serine 166, which is necessary for the necroptotic activity of RIPK1 and suppresses the formation of the RIPK1-RIPK3 complex in Ripk1 -/- MEFs. Thus, our study demonstrates that RIPK1 O-GlcNAcylation serves as a checkpoint to suppress necroptotic signaling in erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junghwa Seo
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeolhoe Kim
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Suena Ji
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Byeol Kim
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeryeon Jung
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eugene C. Yi
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, School of Convergence Science and Technology and College of Medicine or College of Pharmacy, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-ho Lee
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Injae Shin
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Ho Yang
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Won Cho
- Glycosylation Network Research Center, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Systems Biology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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4
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Omelková M, Fenger CD, Murray M, Hammer TB, Pravata VM, Bartual SG, Czajewski I, Bayat A, Ferenbach AT, Stavridis MP, van Aalten DMF. An O-GlcNAc transferase pathogenic variant linked to intellectual disability affects pluripotent stem cell self-renewal. Dis Model Mech 2023; 16:dmm049132. [PMID: 37334838 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.049132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/21/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) is an essential enzyme that modifies proteins with O-GlcNAc. Inborn OGT genetic variants were recently shown to mediate a novel type of congenital disorder of glycosylation (OGT-CDG), which is characterised by X-linked intellectual disability (XLID) and developmental delay. Here, we report an OGTC921Y variant that co-segregates with XLID and epileptic seizures, and results in loss of catalytic activity. Colonies formed by mouse embryonic stem cells carrying OGTC921Y showed decreased levels of protein O-GlcNAcylation accompanied by decreased levels of Oct4 (encoded by Pou5f1), Sox2 and extracellular alkaline phosphatase (ALP), implying reduced self-renewal capacity. These data establish a link between OGT-CDG and embryonic stem cell self-renewal, providing a foundation for examining the developmental aetiology of this syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Omelková
- Division of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Christina Dühring Fenger
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics, Filadelfia Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund 4293, Denmark
- Amplexa Genetics A/S, Odense 5000, Denmark
| | - Marta Murray
- Division of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Trine Bjørg Hammer
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics, Filadelfia Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund 4293, Denmark
| | - Veronica M Pravata
- Division of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Sergio Galan Bartual
- Division of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Ignacy Czajewski
- Division of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Allan Bayat
- Department of Epilepsy Genetics, Filadelfia Danish Epilepsy Centre, Dianalund 4293, Denmark
| | - Andrew T Ferenbach
- Division of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
| | - Marios P Stavridis
- Division of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Daan M F van Aalten
- Division of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
- Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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5
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Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic post-translational modification performed by two opposing enzymes: O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase. O-GlcNAcylation is generally believed to act as a metabolic integrator in numerous signalling pathways. The stoichiometry of this modification is tightly controlled throughout all stages of development, with both hypo/hyper O-GlcNAcylation resulting in broad defects. In this Primer, we discuss the role of O-GlcNAcylation in developmental processes from stem cell maintenance and differentiation to cell and tissue morphogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ignacy Czajewski
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
| | - Daan M F van Aalten
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
- Institute of Molecular Precision Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, University of Aarhus, Aarhus 8000, Denmark
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6
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Luanpitpong S, Rodboon N, Samart P, Janan M, Klaihmon P, Lorthongpanich C, U-Pratya Y, Issaragrisil S. Inhibition of O-GlcNAcase Inhibits Hematopoietic and Leukemic Stem Cell Self-Renewal and Drives Dendritic Cell Differentiation via STAT3/5 Signaling. Stem Cells 2022; 40:1078-1093. [PMID: 36124999 DOI: 10.1093/stmcls/sxac068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Myeloid differentiation blockage at immature and self-renewing stages is a common hallmark across all subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), despite their genetic heterogeneity. Metabolic state is an important regulator of hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation as well as several aggressive cancers. However, how O-GlcNAcylation, a nutrient-sensitive posttranslational modification of proteins, contributes to both normal myelopoiesis and AML pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Using small molecule inhibitors and the CRISPR/Cas9 system, we reveal for the first time that inhibition of either OGA or OGT, which subsequently caused an increase or decrease in cellular O-GlcNAcylation, inhibits the self-renewal and maintenance of CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) and leukemic stem/progenitor cells and drives normal and malignant myeloid differentiation. We further unveiled the distinct roles of OGA and OGT inhibition in lineage-specific differentiation. While OGT inhibition induces macrophage differentiation, OGA inhibition promotes the differentiation of both CD34+ HSPCs and AML cells into dendritic cells (DCs), in agreement with an upregulation of a multitude of genes involved in DC development and function and their ability to induce T-cell proliferation, via STAT3/5 signaling. Our novel findings provide significant basic knowledge that could be important in understanding AML pathogenesis and overcoming differentiation blockage-agnostic to the genetic background of AML. Additionally, the parallel findings in normal HSPCs may lay the groundwork for future cellular therapy as a means to improve the ex vivo differentiation of normal DCs and macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napachai Rodboon
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Parinya Samart
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Montira Janan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phatchanat Klaihmon
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanchao Lorthongpanich
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yaowalak U-Pratya
- Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Bangkok Hematology Center, Wattanosoth Hospital, BDMS Center of Excellence for Cancer, Bangkok, Thailand
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7
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McTague A, Tazhitdinova R, Timoshenko AV. O-GlcNAc-Mediated Regulation of Galectin Expression and Secretion in Human Promyelocytic HL-60 Cells Undergoing Neutrophilic Differentiation. Biomolecules 2022; 12:biom12121763. [PMID: 36551191 PMCID: PMC9776088 DOI: 10.3390/biom12121763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we have tested the hypothesis that the expression and secretion of galectins are driven through mechanisms globally impacted by homeostatic regulation involving the post-translational modification of intracellular proteins with O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc). We showed that neutrophilic differentiation of HL-60 cells induced by all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) was associated with a significant drop of cellular O-GlcNAc levels in serum-contained and serum-free cell culture media. Galectin gene and protein expression profiles in HL-60 cells were specifically modified by ATRA and by inhibitors of O-GlcNAc cycle enzymes, however overall trends for each drug were similar between cells growing in the presence or absence of serum except for LGALS9 and LGALS12. The secretion of four galectins (-1, -3, -9, and -10) by HL-60 cells in a serum-free medium was stimulated by O-GlcNAc-reducing ATRA and DON while O-GlcNAc-elevating thiamet G (O-GlcNAcase inhibitor) failed to change the basal levels of extracellular galectins. Taken together, these results demonstrate that O-GlcNAc homeostasis is essential not only for regulation of galectin expression in cells but also for the secretion of multiple members of this protein family, which can be an important novel aspect of unconventional secretion mechanisms.
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8
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Luanpitpong S, Kang X, Janan M, Thumanu K, Li J, Kheolamai P, Issaragrisil S. Metabolic sensor O-GlcNAcylation regulates erythroid differentiation and globin production via BCL11A. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:274. [PMID: 35739577 PMCID: PMC9219246 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02954-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human erythropoiesis is a tightly regulated, multistep process encompassing the differentiation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) toward mature erythrocytes. Cellular metabolism is an important regulator of cell fate determination during the differentiation of HSCs. However, how O-GlcNAcylation, a posttranslational modification of proteins that is an ideal metabolic sensor, contributes to the commitment of HSCs to the erythroid lineage and to the terminal erythroid differentiation has not been addressed. Methods Cellular O-GlcNAcylation was manipulated using small molecule inhibition or CRISPR/Cas9 manipulation of catalyzing enzyme O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and removing enzyme O-GlcNAcase (OGA) in two cell models of erythroid differentiation, starting from: (i) human umbilical cord blood-derived CD34+ hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs) to investigate the erythroid lineage specification and differentiation; and (ii) human-derived erythroblastic leukemia K562 cells to investigate the terminal differentiation. The functional and regulatory roles of O-GlcNAcylation in erythroid differentiation, maturation, and globin production were investigated, and downstream signaling was delineated. Results First, we observed that two-step inhibition of OGT and OGA, which were established from the observed dynamics of O-GlcNAc level along the course of differentiation, promotes HSPCs toward erythroid differentiation and enucleation, in agreement with an upregulation of a multitude of erythroid-associated genes. Further studies in the efficient K562 model of erythroid differentiation confirmed that OGA inhibition and subsequent hyper-O-GlcNAcylation enhance terminal erythroid differentiation and affect globin production. Mechanistically, we found that BCL11A is a key mediator of O-GlcNAc-driven erythroid differentiation and β- and α-globin production herein. Additionally, analysis of biochemical contents using synchrotron-based Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy showed unique metabolic fingerprints upon OGA inhibition during erythroid differentiation, supporting that metabolic reprogramming plays a part in this process. Conclusions The evidence presented here demonstrated the novel regulatory role of O-GlcNAc/BCL11A axis in erythroid differentiation, maturation, and globin production that could be important in understanding erythropoiesis and hematologic disorders whose etiology is related to impaired erythroid differentiation and hemoglobinopathies. Our findings may lay the groundwork for future clinical applications toward an ex vivo production of functional human reticulocytes for transfusion from renewable cell sources, i.e., HSPCs and pluripotent stem cells. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13287-022-02954-5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.
| | - Xing Kang
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Montira Janan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand
| | - Kanjana Thumanu
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute (Public Organization), Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand
| | - Jingting Li
- Institute of Precision Medicine, Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pakpoom Kheolamai
- Center of Excellence in Stem Cell Research and Innovation, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand.
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Siriraj Hospital, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
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9
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Inhibition of Poly (ADP-Ribose) Glycohydrolase Accelerates Osteoblast Differentiation in Preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095041. [PMID: 35563432 PMCID: PMC9103302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Poly ADP-ribosylation (PARylation) is a post-translational modification catalyzed by poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) family proteins such as PARP1. Although PARylation regulates important biological phenomena such as DNA repair, chromatin regulation, and cell death, little is known about the relationship between osteoblast differentiation and the PARylation cycle involving PARP1 and the poly (ADP-ribose)-degrading enzyme poly (ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG). Here, we examined the effects of PARP inhibitor olaparib, an approved anti-cancer agent, and PARG inhibitor PDD00017273 on osteoblast differentiation. Olaparib decreased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and suppressed mineralized nodule formation evaluated by Alizarin Red S staining in preosteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells, while PDD00017273 promoted ALP activity and mineralization. Furthermore, PDD00017273 up-regulated the mRNA expression levels of osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein, as osteoblast differentiation markers, and osterix as transcription inducers for osteoblast differentiation, whereas olaparib down-regulated the expression of these genes. These findings suggest that PARG inhibition by PDD00017273 accelerates osteoblast differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells. Thus, PARG inhibitor administration could provide therapeutic benefits for metabolic bone diseases such as osteoporosis.
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10
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Moon S, Javed A, Hard ER, Pratt MR. Methods for Studying Site-Specific O-GlcNAc Modifications: Successes, Limitations, and Important Future Goals. JACS AU 2022; 2:74-83. [PMID: 35098223 PMCID: PMC8791055 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
O-GlcNAcylation is a dynamic post-translational modification which affects myriad proteins, cellular functions, and disease states. Its presence or absence modulates protein function via differential protein- and site-specific mechanisms, necessitating innovative techniques to probe the modification in highly selective manners. To this end, a variety of biological and chemical methods have been developed to study specific O-GlcNAc modification events both in vitro and in vivo, each with their own respective strengths and shortcomings. Together, they comprise a potent chemical biology toolbox for the analysis of O-GlcNAcylation (and, in theory, other post-translational modifications) while highlighting the need and space for more facile, generalizable, and biologically authentic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stuart
P. Moon
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Afraah Javed
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Eldon R. Hard
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
| | - Matthew R. Pratt
- Departments
of Chemistry and Biological Sciences, University of Southern
California, Los Angeles, California 90089, United States
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11
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Zhao J, Dong L, Huo T, Cheng J, Li X, Huangfu X, Sun S, Wang H, Li L. O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) Protects Cerebral Neurons from Death During Ischemia/Reperfusion (I/R) Injury by Modulating Drp1 in Mice. Neuromolecular Med 2021; 24:299-310. [PMID: 34705256 DOI: 10.1007/s12017-021-08688-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that increased O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) level could promote cell survival following environmental stresses. This study aimed to explore the role of O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. The mouse model with cerebral I/R injury was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R). The expression of ogt in brain tissues was detected by qRT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining assay. Neurological deficit was evaluated using a modified scoring system. The infarct volume was assessed by TTC staining assay. Neuronal apoptosis in brain tissues was evaluated by TUNEL staining assay. The level of cleaved caspase-3 in brain tissues was detected by Western blot and IHC staining assay. The expression of critical proteins involved in mitochondrial fission, including OPA1, Mfn1, and Mfn2, as well as Mff and Drp1 was detected by Western blot and IHC, respectively. The expression of ogt during cerebral I/R injury was significantly upregulated. Ogt knockdown significantly increased neurological score and infarct volume in I/R-induced mice. Meanwhile, ogt knockdown significantly enhanced neuronal apoptosis and cleaved caspase-3 level in brain tissues of I/R-induced mice. In addition, ogt knockdown markedly decreased serine 637 phosphorylation level of mitochondrial fission protein dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and promoted Drp1 translocation from the cytosol to the mitochondria. Moreover, the specific Drp1 inhibitor mdivi-1 effectively attenuated ogt knockdown-induced brain injury of I/R-stimulated mice in vivo. Our study revealed that OGT protects against cerebral I/R injury by inhibiting the function of Drp1 in mice, suggesting that ogt may be a potential therapeutic target for cerebral I/R injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Lipeng Dong
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Huo
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Jinming Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojuan Huangfu
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Sujuan Sun
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Hebo Wang
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China
| | - Litao Li
- Department of Neurology, Hebei General Hospital, No.348 Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, 050051, Hebei, P. R. China.
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12
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Oliveira T, Zhang M, Joo EJ, Abdel-Azim H, Chen CW, Yang L, Chou CH, Qin X, Chen J, Alagesan K, Almeida A, Jacob F, Packer NH, von Itzstein M, Heisterkamp N, Kolarich D. Glycoproteome remodeling in MLL-rearranged B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Am J Cancer Res 2021; 11:9519-9537. [PMID: 34646384 PMCID: PMC8490503 DOI: 10.7150/thno.65398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) with mixed-lineage leukemia gene rearrangement (MLL-r) is a poor-prognosis subtype for which additional therapeutic targets are urgently needed. Currently no multi-omics data set for primary MLL r patient cells exists that integrates transcriptomics, proteomics and glycomics to gain an inclusive picture of theranostic targets. Methods: We have integrated transcriptomics, proteomics and glycomics to i) obtain the first inclusive picture of primary patient BCP-ALL cells and identify molecular signatures that distinguish leukemic from normal precursor B-cells and ii) better understand the benefits and limitations of the applied technologies to deliver deep molecular sequence data across major cellular biopolymers. Results: MLL-r cells feature an extensive remodeling of their glycocalyx, with increased levels of Core 2-type O-glycans and complex N-glycans as well as significant changes in sialylation and fucosylation. Notably, glycosaminoglycan remodeling from chondroitin sulfate to heparan sulfate was observed. A survival screen, to determine if glycan remodeling enzymes are redundant, identified MGAT1 and NGLY1, essential components of the N-glycosylation/degradation pathway, as highly relevant within this in vitro screening. OGT and OGA, unique enzymes that regulate intracellular O-GlcNAcylation, were also indispensable. Transcriptomics and proteomics further identified Fes and GALNT7-mediated glycosylation as possible therapeutic targets. While there is overall good correlation between transcriptomics and proteomics data, we demonstrate that a systematic combined multi-omics approach delivers important diagnostic information that is missed when applying a single omics technology. Conclusions: Apart from confirming well-known MLL-r BCP-ALL glycoprotein markers, our integrated multi-omics workflow discovered previously unidentified diagnostic/therapeutic protein targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Oliveira
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Mingfeng Zhang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Eun Ji Joo
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Hisham Abdel-Azim
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Lu Yang
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Chih-Hsing Chou
- Division of Hematology/Oncology and Bone Marrow Transplant, Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xi Qin
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Jianjun Chen
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA
| | - Kathirvel Alagesan
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Andreia Almeida
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Francis Jacob
- Glyco-Oncology, Ovarian Cancer Research, Department of Biomedicine, University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Nicolle H Packer
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia.,Department of Chemistry and Biomolecular Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Griffith University, QLD and Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
| | - Mark von Itzstein
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia
| | - Nora Heisterkamp
- Department of Systems Biology, Beckman Research Institute City of Hope, Monrovia, CA, USA.,✉ Corresponding authors: Equal contributions of Nora Heisterkamp, E-mail: ; and Daniel Kolarich, E-mail:
| | - Daniel Kolarich
- Institute for Glycomics, Griffith University, Gold Coast Campus, QLD, Australia.,ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics, Griffith University, QLD and Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,✉ Corresponding authors: Equal contributions of Nora Heisterkamp, E-mail: ; and Daniel Kolarich, E-mail:
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13
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Liu X, Shang X, Li J, Zhang S. The Prognosis and Immune Checkpoint Blockade Efficacy Prediction of Tumor-Infiltrating Immune Cells in Lung Cancer. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:707143. [PMID: 34422829 PMCID: PMC8370893 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.707143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds The high morbidity and mortality of lung cancer are serious public health problems. The prognosis of lung cancer and whether to apply immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) are currently urgent problems to be solved. Methods Using R software, we performed Kaplan–Meier (K-M) analysis, Cox regression analysis, functional enrichment analysis, Spearman correlation analysis, and the single-sample gene set enrichment analysis. Results On the Tumor IMmune Estimation Resource (TIMER2.0) website, we calculated the abundance of tumor-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) and lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) patients. B cell and myeloid dendritic cell (DC1) were independent prognostic factors for LUAD and LUSC patients, respectively. Enrichment analysis confirmed that genes highly related to B cell or DC1 were closely related to the immune activation of lung cancer patients. In terms of adaptive immune resistance markers, CD8A, CD8B, immunomodulators (immunostimulants, major histocompatibility complex, receptors, and chemokines), immune-related pathways, tumor microenvironment score, and TIICs, high B cell/DC1 infiltration tissue was inflamed and immune-activated and might benefit more from the ICB. Genes most related to B cell [CD19, toll-like receptor 10 (TLR10), and Fc receptor-like A (FCRLA)] and DC1 (ITGB2, LAPTM5, and SLC7A7) partially clarified the roles of B cell/DC1 in predicting ICB efficacy. Among the 186 Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathways, there were three and four KEGG pathways, which partially explained the molecular mechanisms by which B cell and DC1 simultaneously predicted the prognosis and efficacy of immunotherapy, respectively. Among five immune subtypes, the abundance of B cell/DC1 and expression of six hub genes were higher in immune C2, C3, and C6. Conclusion B cell and DC1 could predict the prognosis and ICB efficacy of LUAD and LUSC patients, respectively. The six hub genes and seven KEGG pathways might be novel immunotherapy targets. Immune C2, C3, and C6 subtypes of lung cancer patients might benefit more from ICB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangzheng Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xueqian Shang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China
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14
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Kim MJ, Kim HS, Lee S, Min KY, Choi WS, You JS. Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway-Derived O-GlcNAcylation Is Critical for RANKL-Mediated Osteoclast Differentiation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168888. [PMID: 34445596 PMCID: PMC8396330 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
O-linked-N-acetylglucosaminylation (O-GlcNAcylation) performed by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) is a nutrient-responsive post-translational modification (PTM) via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP). Various transcription factors (TFs) are O-GlcNAcylated, affecting their activities and significantly contributing to cellular processes ranging from survival to cellular differentiation. Given the pleiotropic functions of O-GlcNAc modification, it has been studied in various fields; however, the role of O-GlcNAcylation during osteoclast differentiation remains to be explored. Kinetic transcriptome analysis during receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) ligand (RANKL)-mediated osteoclast differentiation revealed that the nexus of major nutrient metabolism, HBP was critical for this process. We observed that the critical genes related to HBP activation, including Nagk, Gfpt1, and Ogt, were upregulated, while the global O-GlcNAcylation was increased concomitantly during osteoclast differentiation. The O-GlcNAcylation inhibition by the small-molecule inhibitor OSMI-1 reduced osteoclast differentiation in vitro and in vivo by disrupting the translocation of NF-κB p65 and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) into the nucleus by controlling their PTM O-GlcNAcylation. Furthermore, OSMI-1 had a synergistic effect with bone target therapy on osteoclastogenesis. Lastly, knocking down Ogt with shRNA (shOgt) mimicked OSMI-1’s effect on osteoclastogenesis. Targeting O-GlcNAcylation during osteoclast differentiation may be a valuable therapeutic approach for osteoclast-activated bone diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myoung Jun Kim
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
| | - Hyuk Soon Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea;
- Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, Busan 49315, Korea
| | - Sangyong Lee
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
| | - Keun Young Min
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
| | - Wahn Soo Choi
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
- KU Open Innovation Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
| | - Jueng Soo You
- School of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.K.); (S.L.); (K.Y.M.); (W.S.C.)
- KU Open Innovation Center, Research Institute of Medical Science, Konkuk University, Chungju 27478, Korea
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-2-2049-6235
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15
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Nakajima H, Murakami K. O-GlcNAcylation: Implications in normal and malignant hematopoiesis. Exp Hematol 2021; 101-102:16-24. [PMID: 34302904 DOI: 10.1016/j.exphem.2021.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Posttranslational protein modification through addition of the O-linked β-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) moiety to serine or threonine residues, termed O-GlcNAcylation, is a highly dynamic process conserved throughout eukaryotes. O-GlcNAcylation is reversibly catalyzed by a single pair of enzymes, O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase, and it acts as a fundamental regulator for a wide variety of biological processes including gene expression, cell cycle regulation, metabolism, stress response, cellular signaling, epigenetics, and proteostasis. O-GlcNAcylation is regulated by various intracellular or extracellular cues such as metabolic status, nutrient availability, and stress. Studies over decades have unveiled the profound biological significance of this unique protein modification in normal physiology and pathologic processes of diverse cell types or tissues. In hematopoiesis, recent studies have indicated the essential and pleiotropic roles of O-GlcNAcylation in differentiation, proliferation, and function of hematopoietic cells including T cells, B cells, myeloid progenitors, and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells. Moreover, aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is implicated in the development of hematologic malignancies with dysregulated epigenetics, metabolism, and gene transcription. Thus, it is now recognized that O-GlcNAcylation is one of the key regulators of normal and malignant hematopoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
| | - Koichi Murakami
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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16
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O-GlcNAcylation and O-GlcNAc Cycling Regulate Gene Transcription: Emerging Roles in Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13071666. [PMID: 33916244 PMCID: PMC8037238 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13071666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a post-translational modification (PTM) linking nutrient flux through the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) to gene transcription. Mounting experimental and clinical data implicates aberrant O-GlcNAcylation in the development and progression of cancer. Herein, we discuss how alteration of O-GlcNAc-regulated transcriptional mechanisms leads to atypical gene expression in cancer. We discuss the challenges associated with studying O-GlcNAc function and present several new approaches for studies of O-GlcNAc-regulated transcription. Abstract O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is a single sugar post-translational modification (PTM) of intracellular proteins linking nutrient flux through the Hexosamine Biosynthetic Pathway (HBP) to the control of cis-regulatory elements in the genome. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation is associated with the development, progression, and alterations in gene expression in cancer. O-GlcNAc cycling is defined as the addition and subsequent removal of the modification by O-GlcNAc Transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA) provides a novel method for cells to regulate various aspects of gene expression, including RNA polymerase function, epigenetic dynamics, and transcription factor activity. We will focus on the complex relationship between phosphorylation and O-GlcNAcylation in the regulation of the RNA Polymerase II (RNAP II) pre-initiation complex and the regulation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of RNAP II via the synchronous actions of OGT, OGA, and kinases. Additionally, we discuss how O-GlcNAcylation of TATA-box binding protein (TBP) alters cellular metabolism. Next, in a non-exhaustive manner, we will discuss the current literature on how O-GlcNAcylation drives gene transcription in cancer through changes in transcription factor or chromatin remodeling complex functions. We conclude with a discussion of the challenges associated with studying O-GlcNAcylation and present several new approaches for studying O-GlcNAc regulated transcription that will advance our understanding of the role of O-GlcNAc in cancer.
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17
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Luanpitpong S, Poohadsuan J, Klaihmon P, Kang X, Tangkiettrakul K, Issaragrisil S. Metabolic sensor O-GlcNAcylation regulates megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis through c-Myc stabilization and integrin perturbation. STEM CELLS (DAYTON, OHIO) 2021; 39:787-802. [PMID: 33544938 PMCID: PMC8248081 DOI: 10.1002/stem.3349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic state of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) is an important regulator of self‐renewal and lineage‐specific differentiation. Posttranslational modification of proteins via O‐GlcNAcylation is an ideal metabolic sensor, but how it contributes to megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis remains unknown. Here, we reveal for the first time that cellular O‐GlcNAcylation levels decline along the course of megakaryocyte (MK) differentiation from human‐derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs). Inhibition of O‐GlcNAc transferase (OGT) that catalyzes O‐GlcNAcylation prolongedly decreases O‐GlcNAcylation and induces the acquisition of CD34+CD41a+ MK‐like progenitors and its progeny CD34−CD41a+/CD42b+ megakaryoblasts (MBs)/MKs from HSPCs, consequently resulting in increased CD41a+ and CD42b+ platelets. Using correlation and co‐immunoprecipitation analyses, we further identify c‐Myc as a direct downstream target of O‐GlcNAcylation in MBs/MKs and provide compelling evidence on the regulation of platelets by novel O‐GlcNAc/c‐Myc axis. Our data indicate that O‐GlcNAcylation posttranslationally regulates c‐Myc stability by interfering with its ubiquitin‐mediated proteasomal degradation. Depletion of c‐Myc upon inhibition of OGT promotes platelet formation in part through the perturbation of cell adhesion molecules, that is, integrin‐α4 and integrin‐β7, as advised by gene ontology and enrichment analysis for RNA sequencing and validated herein. Together, our findings provide a novel basic knowledge on the regulatory role of O‐GlcNAcylation in megakaryopoiesis and thrombopoiesis that could be important in understanding hematologic disorders whose etiology are related to impaired platelet production and may have clinical applications toward an ex vivo platelet production for transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudjit Luanpitpong
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jirarat Poohadsuan
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phatchanat Klaihmon
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Xing Kang
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Kantpitchar Tangkiettrakul
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Surapol Issaragrisil
- Siriraj Center of Excellence for Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Bangkok Hematology Center, Wattanosoth Hospital, BDMS Center of Excellence for Cancer, Bangkok, Thailand
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18
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Monitoring and modulating O-GlcNAcylation: assays and inhibitors of O-GlcNAc processing enzymes. Curr Opin Struct Biol 2021; 68:157-165. [PMID: 33535148 DOI: 10.1016/j.sbi.2020.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) is protein modification that is emerging as a regulator of diverse aspects of cellular physiology. Aberrant O-GlcNAcylation has been linked to several diseases, spurring the creation of methods to detect and perturb the activity of the two enzymes that govern this modification - O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) and O-GlcNAcase (OGA). Here we summarize assays used for these two enzymes. We also detail the latest structure-guided development of inhibitors of these two enzymes and touch on selected reports that underscore the utility of inhibitors as tools for uncovering the diverse roles of O-GlcNAc in cell function. Finally, we summarize recent reports on the potential therapeutic benefits of antagonizing these enzymes and comment on outstanding challenges within the field.
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19
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Murakami K, Kurotaki D, Kawase W, Soma S, Fukuchi Y, Kunimoto H, Yoshimi R, Koide S, Oshima M, Hishiki T, Hayakawa N, Matsuura T, Oda M, Yanagisawa K, Kobayashi H, Haraguchi M, Atobe Y, Funakoshi K, Iwama A, Takubo K, Okamoto S, Tamura T, Nakajima H. OGT Regulates Hematopoietic Stem Cell Maintenance via PINK1-Dependent Mitophagy. Cell Rep 2021; 34:108579. [PMID: 33406421 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
O-linked N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) is a unique enzyme introducing O-GlcNAc moiety on target proteins, and it critically regulates various cellular processes in diverse cell types. However, its roles in hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) remain elusive. Here, using Ogt conditional knockout mice, we show that OGT is essential for HSPCs. Ogt is highly expressed in HSPCs, and its disruption induces rapid loss of HSPCs with increased reactive oxygen species and apoptosis. In particular, Ogt-deficient hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) lose quiescence, cannot be maintained in vivo, and become vulnerable to regenerative and competitive stress. Interestingly, Ogt-deficient HSCs accumulate defective mitochondria due to impaired mitophagy with decreased key mitophagy regulator, Pink1, through dysregulation of H3K4me3. Furthermore, overexpression of PINK1 restores mitophagy and the number of Ogt-deficient HSCs. Collectively, our results reveal that OGT critically regulates maintenance and stress response of HSCs by ensuring mitochondrial quality through PINK1-dependent mitophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Murakami
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kurotaki
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Wataru Kawase
- Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Soma
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Yumi Fukuchi
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Hiroyoshi Kunimoto
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Ryusuke Yoshimi
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Shuhei Koide
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8039, Japan
| | - Motohiko Oshima
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8039, Japan
| | - Takako Hishiki
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Noriyo Hayakawa
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomomi Matsuura
- Clinical and Translational Research Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mayumi Oda
- Department of Systems Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Kiichi Yanagisawa
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kobayashi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Miho Haraguchi
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Yoshitoshi Atobe
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Kengo Funakoshi
- Department of Neuroanatomy, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Atsushi Iwama
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba 260-8670, Japan; Division of Stem Cell and Molecular Medicine, Center for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine, The Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 108-8039, Japan
| | - Keiyo Takubo
- Department of Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Shinichiro Okamoto
- Division of Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Tomohiko Tamura
- Advanced Medical Research Center, Yokohama City University, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan; Department of Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan
| | - Hideaki Nakajima
- Department of Stem Cell and Immune Regulation, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama 236-0004, Japan.
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Sheikh MA, Emerald BS, Ansari SA. Stem cell fate determination through protein O-GlcNAcylation. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100035. [PMID: 33154167 PMCID: PMC7948975 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.rev120.014915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryonic and adult stem cells possess the capability of self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation. The intricate balance between self-renewal and differentiation is governed by developmental signals and cell-type-specific gene regulatory mechanisms. A perturbed intra/extracellular environment during lineage specification could affect stem cell fate decisions resulting in pathology. Growing evidence demonstrates that metabolic pathways govern epigenetic regulation of gene expression during stem cell fate commitment through the utilization of metabolic intermediates or end products of metabolic pathways as substrates for enzymatic histone/DNA modifications. UDP-GlcNAc is one such metabolite that acts as a substrate for enzymatic mono-glycosylation of various nuclear, cytosolic, and mitochondrial proteins on serine/threonine amino acid residues, a process termed protein O-GlcNAcylation. The levels of GlcNAc inside the cells depend on the nutrient availability, especially glucose. Thus, this metabolic sensor could modulate gene expression through O-GlcNAc modification of histones or other proteins in response to metabolic fluctuations. Herein, we review evidence demonstrating how stem cells couple metabolic inputs to gene regulatory pathways through O-GlcNAc-mediated epigenetic/transcriptional regulatory mechanisms to govern self-renewal and lineage-specific differentiation programs. This review will serve as a primer for researchers seeking to better understand how O-GlcNAc influences stemness and may catalyze the discovery of new stem-cell-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Abid Sheikh
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Bright Starling Emerald
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE
| | - Suraiya Anjum Ansari
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE; Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, UAE.
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21
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Protein O-GlcNAcylation Promotes Trophoblast Differentiation at Implantation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9102246. [PMID: 33036308 PMCID: PMC7599815 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Embryo implantation begins with blastocyst trophectoderm (TE) attachment to the endometrial epithelium, followed by the breaching of this barrier by TE-derived trophoblast. Dynamic protein modification with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAcylation) is mediated by O-GlcNAc transferase and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), and couples cellular metabolism to stress adaptation. O-GlcNAcylation is essential for blastocyst formation, but whether there is a role for this system at implantation remains unexplored. Here, we used OGA inhibitor thiamet g (TMG) to induce raised levels of O-GlcNAcylation in mouse blastocysts and human trophoblast cells. In an in vitro embryo implantation model, TMG promoted mouse blastocyst breaching of the endometrial epithelium. TMG reduced expression of TE transcription factors Cdx2, Gata2 and Gata3, suggesting that O-GlcNAcylation stimulated TE differentiation to invasive trophoblast. TMG upregulated transcription factors OVOL1 and GCM1, and cell fusion gene ERVFRD1, in a cell line model of syncytiotrophoblast differentiation from human TE at implantation. Therefore O-GlcNAcylation is a conserved pathway capable of driving trophoblast differentiation. TE and trophoblast are sensitive to physical, chemical and nutritive stress, which can occur as a consequence of maternal pathophysiology or during assisted reproduction, and may lead to adverse neonatal outcomes and associated adult health risks. Further investigation of how O-GlcNAcylation regulates trophoblast populations arising at implantation is required to understand how peri-implantation stress affects reproductive outcomes.
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Brahma MK, Ha C, Pepin ME, Mia S, Sun Z, Chatham JC, Habegger KM, Abel ED, Paterson AJ, Young ME, Wende AR. Increased Glucose Availability Attenuates Myocardial Ketone Body Utilization. J Am Heart Assoc 2020; 9:e013039. [PMID: 32750298 PMCID: PMC7792234 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.119.013039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background Perturbations in myocardial substrate utilization have been proposed to contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction in diabetic subjects. The failing heart in nondiabetics tends to decrease reliance on fatty acid and glucose oxidation, and increases reliance on ketone body oxidation. In contrast, little is known regarding the mechanisms mediating this shift among all 3 substrates in diabetes mellitus. Therefore, we tested the hypothesis that changes in myocardial glucose utilization directly influence ketone body catabolism. Methods and Results We examined ventricular-cardiac tissue from the following murine models: (1) streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus; (2) high-fat-diet-induced glucose intolerance; and transgenic inducible cardiac-restricted expression of (3) glucose transporter 4 (transgenic inducible cardiac restricted expression of glucose transporter 4); or (4) dominant negative O-GlcNAcase. Elevated blood glucose (type 1 diabetes mellitus and high-fat diet mice) was associated with reduced cardiac expression of β-hydroxybutyrate-dehydrogenase and succinyl-CoA:3-oxoacid CoA transferase. Increased myocardial β-hydroxybutyrate levels were also observed in type 1 diabetes mellitus mice, suggesting a mismatch between ketone body availability and utilization. Increased cellular glucose delivery in transgenic inducible cardiac restricted expression of glucose transporter 4 mice attenuated cardiac expression of both Bdh1 and Oxct1 and reduced rates of myocardial BDH1 activity and β-hydroxybutyrate oxidation. Moreover, elevated cardiac protein O-GlcNAcylation (a glucose-derived posttranslational modification) by dominant negative O-GlcNAcase suppressed β-hydroxybutyrate dehydrogenase expression. Consistent with the mouse models, transcriptomic analysis confirmed suppression of BDH1 and OXCT1 in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and heart failure compared with nondiabetic patients. Conclusions Our results provide evidence that increased glucose leads to suppression of cardiac ketolytic capacity through multiple mechanisms and identifies a potential crosstalk between glucose and ketone body metabolism in the diabetic myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manoja K. Brahma
- Departments of PathologyDivision of Molecular and Cellular PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Chae‐Myeong Ha
- Departments of PathologyDivision of Molecular and Cellular PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Mark E. Pepin
- Departments of PathologyDivision of Molecular and Cellular PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Sobuj Mia
- Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular DiseasesUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Zhihuan Sun
- Departments of PathologyDivision of Molecular and Cellular PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - John C. Chatham
- Departments of PathologyDivision of Molecular and Cellular PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Kirk M. Habegger
- Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Evan Dale Abel
- Fraternal Order of Eagles Diabetes Research Center and Division of Endocrinology and MetabolismCarver College of MedicineUniversity of IowaIowa CityIAUSA
| | - Andrew J. Paterson
- Medicine, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and MetabolismUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Martin E. Young
- Medicine, Division of Cardiovascular DiseasesUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
| | - Adam R. Wende
- Departments of PathologyDivision of Molecular and Cellular PathologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
- Biomedical EngineeringUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamALUSA
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Tazhitdinova R, Timoshenko AV. The Emerging Role of Galectins and O-GlcNAc Homeostasis in Processes of Cellular Differentiation. Cells 2020; 9:cells9081792. [PMID: 32731422 PMCID: PMC7465113 DOI: 10.3390/cells9081792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Galectins are a family of soluble β-galactoside-binding proteins with diverse glycan-dependent and glycan-independent functions outside and inside the cell. Human cells express twelve out of sixteen recognized mammalian galectin genes and their expression profiles are very different between cell types and tissues. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on the changes in the expression of individual galectins at mRNA and protein levels in different types of differentiating cells and the effects of recombinant galectins on cellular differentiation. A new model of galectin regulation is proposed considering the change in O-GlcNAc homeostasis between progenitor/stem cells and mature differentiated cells. The recognition of galectins as regulatory factors controlling cell differentiation and self-renewal is essential for developmental and cancer biology to develop innovative strategies for prevention and targeted treatment of proliferative diseases, tissue regeneration, and stem-cell therapy.
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McColgan NM, Feeley MN, Woodward AM, Guindolet D, Argüeso P. The O-GlcNAc modification promotes terminal differentiation of human corneal epithelial cells. Glycobiology 2020; 30:872-880. [PMID: 32280968 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwaa033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Dynamic modification of nuclear and cytoplasmic proteins with O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine (O-GlcNAc) plays an important role in orchestrating the transcriptional activity of eukaryotic cells. Here, we report that the O-GlcNAc modification contributes to maintaining ocular surface epithelial homeostasis by promoting mucin biosynthesis and barrier function. We found that induction of human corneal epithelial cell differentiation stimulated the global transfer of O-GlcNAc to both nuclear and cytosolic proteins. Inflammatory conditions, on the other hand, were associated with a reduction in the expression of O-GlcNAc transferase at the ocular surface epithelia. Loss- and gain-of-function studies using small interfering RNA targeting O-GlcNAc transferase, or Thiamet G, a selective inhibitor of O-GlcNAc hydrolase, respectively, revealed that the presence of O-GlcNAc was necessary to promote glycocalyx barrier function. Moreover, we found that Thiamet G triggered a correlative increase in both surface expression of MUC16 and apical epithelial cell area while reducing paracellular permeability. Collectively, these results identify intracellular protein O-glycosylation as a novel pathway responsible for promoting the terminal differentiation of human corneal epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole M McColgan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St. Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Marissa N Feeley
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St. Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Ashley M Woodward
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, 20 Staniford St. Boston, MA 02114, USA
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Kampa-Schittenhelm KM, Haverkamp T, Bonin M, Tsintari V, Bühring HJ, Haeusser L, Blumenstock G, Dreher ST, Ganief T, Akmut F, Illing B, Mau-Holzmann UA, Bonzheim I, Schleicher E, Vogel W, Schittenhelm MM. Epigenetic activation of O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine transferase overrides the differentiation blockage in acute leukemia. EBioMedicine 2020; 54:102678. [PMID: 32272438 PMCID: PMC7139116 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.102678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overriding the differentiation blockage in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most successful mode-of-action in leukemia therapy – now curing the vast majority of patients with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) using all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA)-based regimens. Similar approaches in other leukemia subtypes, such as IDH1/2-mutated AML, are under active investigation. We herein present successful release of the differentiation blockage upon treatment with the natural (−)-Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol isomer dronabinol in vitro and in vivo. Methods Cellular maturation and differentiation were followed in two patients employing whole genome methylation profiling, proteome analyses, NGS deep sequencing and multispectral imaging flow cytometry. For functional studies lentiviral OGT knock-down in vitro and ex vivo cell models were created to evaluate proliferative, apoptotic and differentiating effects of OGT in acute leukemia. Findings In here, we provide molecular evidence that dronbinol is capable to override the differentiation blockage of acute leukemia blasts at the state of the leukemia-initiating clone. We further identify the O-linked β-N-acetyl glucosamine (O-GlcNAc) transferase (OGT) to be crucial in this process. OGT is a master regulator enzyme adding O-GlcNAc to serine or threonine residues in a multitude of target proteins. Aberrant O-GlcNAc modification is implicated in pathologies of metabolic, neurodegenerative and autoimme diseases as well as cancers. We provide evidence that dronabinol induces transcription of OGT via epigenetic hypomethylation of the transcription start site (TSS). A lentiviral OGT-knock out approach proves the central role of OGT exerting antileukemic efficacy via a dual-mechanism of action: High concentrations of dronabinol result in induction of apoptosis, whereas lower concentrations drive cellular maturation. Most intriguingly, overriding of the differentiation blockage of acute leukemia blasts is validated in vivo following two patients treated with dronabinol. Interpretation In conclusion, we provide evidence for overcoming the differentiation blockage in acute leukemia in subentities beyond promyelocytic and IDH1/2-mutated leukemia and thereby identify O-GlcNAcylation as a novel (drugable) field for future leukemia research. Funding Unrestricted grant support by the IZKF Program of the Medical Faculty Tübingen (MMS) and Brigitte Schlieben-Lange Program as well as the Margarete von Wrangell Program of the Ministry of Science, Research and the Arts, Baden-Württemberg, Germany (KKS) and Athene Program of the excellence initiative University of Tübingen (KKS).
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Kampa-Schittenhelm
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
| | | | - M Bonin
- Microarray Genechip Facility Tübingen and Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Germany
| | - V Tsintari
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - H J Bühring
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - L Haeusser
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - G Blumenstock
- Institute of Clinical Epidemiology and Applied Biometry, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Germany
| | - S T Dreher
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - T Ganief
- Proteome Center Tübingen at the University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - F Akmut
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - B Illing
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - U A Mau-Holzmann
- University Hospital Tübingen, Division of Cytogenetics, Institute for Medical Genetics and Applied Genomics, Germany
| | - I Bonzheim
- Institute of Pathology at the University Hospital Tübingen, Germany
| | - E Schleicher
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Diabetology, Endokrinology, Nephrology, Germany
| | - W Vogel
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany
| | - M M Schittenhelm
- University Hospital Tübingen, Dept. of Hematology, Oncology, clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, Otfried-Müller-Straße 10, BB West, Rooms 585-587, 72076 Tübingen, Germany; Clinic of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen (KSSG), Switzerland
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Sun C, Lan W, Li B, Zuo R, Xing H, Liu M, Li J, Yao Y, Wu J, Tang Y, Liu H, Zhou Y. Glucose regulates tissue-specific chondro-osteogenic differentiation of human cartilage endplate stem cells via O-GlcNAcylation of Sox9 and Runx2. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:357. [PMID: 31779679 PMCID: PMC6883626 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1440-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2019] [Revised: 09/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a major cause of low back pain. The physiological low-glucose microenvironment of the cartilage endplate (CEP) is disrupted in DDD. Glucose influences protein O-GlcNAcylation via the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), which is the key to stem cell fate. Thiamet-G is an inhibitor of O-GlcNAcase for accumulating O-GlcNAcylated proteins while 6-diazo-5-oxo-L-norleucine (DON) inhibits HBP. Mechanisms of DDD are incompletely understood but include CEP degeneration and calcification. We aimed to identify the molecular mechanisms of glucose in CEP calcification in DDD. METHODS We assessed normal and degenerated CEP tissues from patients, and the effects of chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of the CEP were determined by western blot and immunohistochemical staining. Cartilage endplate stem cells (CESCs) were induced with low-, normal-, and high-glucose medium for 21 days, and chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiations were measured by Q-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. CESCs were induced with low-glucose and high-glucose medium with or without Thiamet-G or DON for 21 days, and chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiations were measured by Q-PCR, western blot, and immunohistochemical staining. Sox9 and Runx2 O-GlcNAcylation were measured by immunofluorescence. The effects of O-GlcNAcylation on the downstream genes of Sox9 and Runx2 were determined by Q-PCR and western blot. RESULTS Degenerated CEPs from DDD patients lost chondrogenesis, acquired osteogenesis, and had higher protein O-GlcNAcylation level compared to normal CEPs from LVF patients. CESC chondrogenic differentiation gradually decreased while osteogenic differentiation gradually increased from low- to high-glucose differentiation medium. Furthermore, Thiamet-G promoted CESC osteogenic differentiation and inhibited chondrogenic differentiation in low-glucose differentiation medium; however, DON acted opposite role in high-glucose differentiation medium. Interestingly, we found that Sox9 and Runx2 were O-GlcNAcylated in differentiated CESCs. Finally, O-GlcNAcylation of Sox9 and Runx2 decreased chondrogenesis and increased osteogenesis in CESCs. CONCLUSIONS Our findings demonstrate the effect of glucose concentration on regulating the chondrogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential of CESCs and provide insight into the mechanism of how glucose concentration regulates Sox9 and Runx2 O-GlcNAcylation to affect the differentiation of CESCs, which may represent a target for CEP degeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiren Lan
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zuo
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xing
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Minghan Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Yao
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Junlong Wu
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Tang
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Lu Zhou, 646000, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yue Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Xinqiao Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Blocked O-GlcNAc cycling disrupts mouse hematopoeitic stem cell maintenance and early T cell development. Sci Rep 2019; 9:12569. [PMID: 31467334 PMCID: PMC6715813 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48991-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Small numbers of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) balance self-renewal and differentiation to produce the diversity and abundance of cell types that make up the blood system. How nutrients are recruited to support this massive differentiation and proliferation process remains largely unknown. The unique metabolism of adult HSCs, which rely on glycolysis and glutaminolysis, suggests a potential role for the post-translational modification O-GlcNAc as a critical nutrient signal in these cells. Glutamine, glucose, and other metabolites drive the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP) ultimately leading to the O-GlcNAc modification of critical intracellular targets. Here, we used a conditional targeted genetic deletion of the enzyme that removes O-GlcNAc, O-GlcNAcase (OGA), to determine the consequences of blocked O-GlcNAc cycling on HSCs. Oga deletion in mouse HSCs resulted in greatly diminished progenitor pools, impaired stem cell self-renewal and nearly complete loss of competitive repopulation capacity. Further, early T cell specification was particularly sensitive to Oga deletion. Loss of Oga resulted in a doubling of apoptotic cells within the bone marrow and transcriptional deregulation of key genes involved in adult stem cell maintenance and lineage specification. These findings suggest that O-GlcNAc cycling plays a critical role in supporting HSC homeostasis and early thymocyte development.
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28
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Zhou LT, Romar R, Pavone ME, Soriano-Úbeda C, Zhang J, Slawson C, Duncan FE. Disruption of O-GlcNAc homeostasis during mammalian oocyte meiotic maturation impacts fertilization. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:543-557. [PMID: 30793403 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Meiotic maturation and fertilization are metabolically demanding processes, and thus the mammalian oocyte is highly susceptible to changes in nutrient availability. O-GlcNAcylation-the addition of a single sugar residue (O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine) on proteins-is a posttranslational modification that acts as a cellular nutrient sensor and likely modulates the function of oocyte proteins. O-GlcNAcylation is mediated by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT), which adds O-GlcNAc onto proteins, and O-GlcNAcase (OGA), which removes it. Here we investigated O-GlcNAcylation dynamics in bovine and human oocytes during meiosis and determined the developmental sequelae of its perturbation. OGA, OGT, and multiple O-GlcNAcylated proteins were expressed in bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COCs), and they were localized throughout the gamete but were also enriched at specific subcellular sites. O-GlcNAcylated proteins were concentrated at the nuclear envelope at prophase I, OGA at the cortex throughout meiosis, and OGT at the meiotic spindles. These expression patterns were evolutionarily conserved in human oocytes. To examine O-GlcNAc function, we disrupted O-GlcNAc cycling during meiotic maturation in bovine COCs using Thiamet-G (TMG), a highly selective OGA inhibitor. Although TMG resulted in a dramatic increase in O-GlcNAcylated substrates in both cumulus cells and the oocyte, there was no effect on cumulus expansion or meiotic progression. However, zygote development was significantly compromised following in vitro fertilization of COCs matured in TMG due to the effects on sperm penetration, sperm head decondensation, and pronuclear formation. Thus, proper O-GlcNAc homeostasis during meiotic maturation is important for fertilization and pronuclear stage development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luhan T Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Raquel Romar
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Mary Ellen Pavone
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Cristina Soriano-Úbeda
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - John Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Chad Slawson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Kansas Medical School, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Francesca E Duncan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois
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