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Chebotarev AS, Ledyaeva VS, Patsap OI, Ivanov AA, Fedotov AB, Belousov VV, Shokhina AG, Lanin AA. Multimodal label-free imaging of murine hepatocellular carcinoma with a subcellular resolution. JOURNAL OF BIOPHOTONICS 2023; 16:e202300228. [PMID: 37679905 DOI: 10.1002/jbio.202300228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/09/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate label-free imaging of genetically induced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in a murine model provided by two- and three-photon fluorescence microscopy of endogenous fluorophores excited at the central wavelengths of 790, 980 and 1250 nm and reinforced by second and third harmonic generation microscopy. We show, that autofluorescence imaging presents abundant information about cell arrangement and lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and hepatic stellate cells (HSCs), harmonics generation microscopy provides a versatile tool for fibrogenesis and steatosis study. Multimodal images may be performed by a single ultrafast laser source at 1250 nm falling in tissue transparency window. Various grades of HCC are examined revealing fibrosis, steatosis, liver cell dysplasia, activation of HSCs and hepatocyte necrosis, that shows a great ability of multimodal label-free microscopy to intravital visualization of liver pathology development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artem S Chebotarev
- Physics Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Russia
| | | | - Olga I Patsap
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anatoli A Ivanov
- Physics Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Russia
| | - Andrei B Fedotov
- Physics Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Russia
| | - Vsevolod V Belousov
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Arina G Shokhina
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
- Federal Center of Brain Research and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia
| | - Aleksandr A Lanin
- Physics Department, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Russian Quantum Center, Skolkovo, Russia
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Park J, Sorrells JE, Chaney EJ, Abdelrahman AM, Yonkus JA, Leiting JL, Nelson H, Harrington JJ, Aksamitiene E, Marjanovic M, Groves PD, Bushell C, Truty MJ, Boppart SA. In vivo label-free optical signatures of chemotherapy response in human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma patient-derived xenografts. Commun Biol 2023; 6:980. [PMID: 37749184 PMCID: PMC10520051 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-05368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a devastating disease often detected at later stages, necessitating swift and effective chemotherapy treatment. However, chemoresistance is common and its mechanisms are poorly understood. Here, label-free multi-modal nonlinear optical microscopy was applied to study microstructural and functional features of pancreatic tumors in vivo to monitor inter- and intra-tumor heterogeneity and treatment response. Patient-derived xenografts with human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma were implanted into mice and characterized over five weeks of intraperitoneal chemotherapy (FIRINOX or Gem/NabP) with known responsiveness/resistance. Resistant and responsive tumors exhibited a similar initial metabolic response, but by week 5 the resistant tumor deviated significantly from the responsive tumor, indicating that a representative response may take up to five weeks to appear. This biphasic metabolic response in a chemoresistant tumor reveals the possibility of intra-tumor spatiotemporal heterogeneity of drug responsiveness. These results, though limited by small sample size, suggest the possibility for further work characterizing chemoresistance mechanisms using nonlinear optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaena Park
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Janet E Sorrells
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Eric J Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Amro M Abdelrahman
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jennifer A Yonkus
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Jennifer L Leiting
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Heidi Nelson
- Division of Research and Optimal Patient Care, Cancer Programs, American College of Surgeons, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | | | - Edita Aksamitiene
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Label-free Imaging and Multiscale Biophotonics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Peter D Groves
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Colleen Bushell
- National Center for Supercomputing Applications, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA
| | - Mark J Truty
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreas Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- NIH/NIBIB Center for Label-free Imaging and Multiscale Biophotonics, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
- Interdisciplinary Health Sciences Institute, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA.
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Hymel LA, Anderson SE, Turner TC, York WY, Zhang H, Liversage AR, Lim HS, Qiu P, Mortensen LJ, Jang YC, Willett NJ, Botchwey EA. Identifying dysregulated immune cell subsets following volumetric muscle loss with pseudo-time trajectories. Commun Biol 2023; 6:749. [PMID: 37468760 PMCID: PMC10356763 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04790-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) results in permanent functional deficits and remains a substantial regenerative medicine challenge. A coordinated immune response is crucial for timely myofiber regeneration, however the immune response following VML has yet to be fully characterized. Here, we leveraged dimensionality reduction and pseudo-time analysis techniques to elucidate the cellular players underlying a functional or pathological outcome as a result of subcritical injury or critical VML in the murine quadriceps, respectively. We found that critical VML resulted in a sustained presence of M2-like and CD206hiLy6Chi 'hybrid' macrophages whereas subcritical defects resolved these populations. Notably, the retained M2-like macrophages from critical VML injuries presented with aberrant cytokine production which may contribute to fibrogenesis, as indicated by their co-localization with fibroadipogenic progenitors (FAPs) in areas of collagen deposition within the defect. Furthermore, several T cell subpopulations were significantly elevated in critical VML compared to subcritical injuries. These results demonstrate a dysregulated immune response in critical VML that is unable to fully resolve the chronic inflammatory state and transition to a pro-regenerative microenvironment within the first week after injury. These data provide important insights into potential therapeutic strategies which could reduce the immune cell burden and pro-fibrotic signaling characteristic of VML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren A Hymel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Shannon E Anderson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Thomas C Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - William Y York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Hongmanlin Zhang
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adrian R Liversage
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Hong Seo Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Luke J Mortensen
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Young C Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Nick J Willett
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Department of Orthopaedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, USA.
- Phil and Penny Knight Campus for Accelerating Scientific Impact, University of Oregon, Eugene, OR, USA.
- The Veterans Affairs Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.
| | - Edward A Botchwey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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Tehrani KF, Park J, Chaney EJ, Tu H, Boppart SA. Nonlinear Imaging Histopathology: A Pipeline to Correlate Gold-Standard Hematoxylin and Eosin Staining With Modern Nonlinear Microscopy. IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN QUANTUM ELECTRONICS : A PUBLICATION OF THE IEEE LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS SOCIETY 2023; 29:6800608. [PMID: 37193134 PMCID: PMC10174331 DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2022.3233523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, the century-old technique, has been the gold standard tool for pathologists to detect anomalies in tissues and diseases such as cancer. H&E staining is a cumbersome, time-consuming process that delays and wastes precious minutes during an intraoperative diagnosis. However, even in the modern era, real-time label-free imaging techniques such as simultaneous label-free autofluorescence multiharmonic (SLAM) microscopy have delivered several more layers of information to characterize a tissue with high precision. Still, they have yet to translate to the clinic. The slow translation rate can be attributed to the lack of direct comparisons between the old and new techniques. Our approach to solving this problem is to: 1) reduce dimensions by pre-sectioning the tissue in 500 μm slices, and 2) produce fiducial laser markings which appear in both SLAM and histological imaging. High peak-power femtosecond laser pulses enable ablation in a controlled and contained manner. We perform laser marking on a grid of points encompassing the SLAM region of interest. We optimize laser power, numerical aperture, and timing to produce axially extended marking, hence multilayered fiducial markers, with minimal damage to the surrounding tissues. We performed this co-registration over an area of 3 × 3 mm2 of freshly excised mouse kidney and intestine, followed by standard H&E staining. Reduced dimensionality and the use of laser markings provided a comparison of the old and new techniques, giving a wealth of correlative information and elevating the potential of translating nonlinear microscopy to the clinic for rapid pathological assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayvan Forouhesh Tehrani
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3028 USA
| | - Jaena Park
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3028 USA, and also with the Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3028 USA
| | - Eric J Chaney
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3028 USA
| | - Haohua Tu
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3028 USA, and also with the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3028 USA
| | - Stephen A Boppart
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of Bioengineering, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, and Cancer Center at Illinois, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801-3028 USA
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McFaline-Figueroa J, Hunda ET, Heo J, Winders EA, Greising SM, Call JA. The bioenergetic “CK Clamp” technique detects substrate-specific changes in mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential during early VML injury pathology. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1178213. [PMID: 37082244 PMCID: PMC10112539 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1178213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries are characterized by non-recoverable loss of tissue resulting in contractile and metabolic dysfunction. The characterization of metabolic dysfunction in volumetric muscle loss-injured muscle has been interpreted from permeabilized myofiber respiration experiments involving saturating ADP levels and non-physiologic ATP:ADP concentration ratios. The extent to which this testing condition obscures the analysis of mitochondrial (dys) function after volumetric muscle loss injury is unclear. An alternative approach is described that leverages the enzymatic reaction of creatine kinase and phosphocreatine to assess mitochondrial respiration and membrane potential at clamped physiologic ATP:ADP ratios, “CK Clamp.” The objective of this study was to validate the CK Clamp in volumetric muscle loss-injured muscle and to detect differences that may exist between volumetric muscle loss-injured and uninjured muscles at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, and 14 days post-injury. Volumetric muscle loss-injured muscle maintains bioenergetic features of the CK Clamp approach, i.e., mitochondrial respiration rate (JO2) titters down and mitochondrial membrane potential is more polarized with increasing ATP:ADP ratios. Pyruvate/malate/succinate-supported JO2 was significantly less in volumetric muscle loss-injured muscle at all timepoints compared to uninjured controls (−26% to −84%, p < 0.001) and electron conductance was less at day 1 (−60%), 5 (−52%), 7 (−35%), 10 (−59%), and 14 (−41%) (p < 0.001). Palmitoyl-carnitine/malate-supported JO2 and electron conductance were less affected following volumetric muscle loss injury. volumetric muscle loss-injury also corresponded with a more polarized mitochondrial membrane potential across the clamped ATP:ADP ratios at day 1 and 10 (pyruvate and palmitoyl-carnitine, respectively) (+5%, p < 0.001). This study supports previous characterizations of metabolic dysfunction and validates the CK Clamp as a tool to investigate bioenergetics in traumatically-injured muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer McFaline-Figueroa
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Regenerative Biosciences Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Edward T. Hunda
- Regenerative Biosciences Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Junwon Heo
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Regenerative Biosciences Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Elizabeth A. Winders
- Regenerative Biosciences Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Sarah M. Greising
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States
| | - Jarrod A. Call
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- Regenerative Biosciences Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- *Correspondence: Jarrod A. Call,
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McFaline-Figueroa J, Schifino AG, Nichenko AS, Lord MN, Hunda ET, Winders EA, Noble EE, Greising SM, Call JA. Pharmaceutical Agents for Contractile-Metabolic Dysfunction After Volumetric Muscle Loss. Tissue Eng Part A 2022; 28:795-806. [PMID: 35620911 PMCID: PMC9634984 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2022.0036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries represent a majority of military service member casualties and are common in civilian populations following blunt and/or penetrating traumas. Characterized as a skeletal muscle injury with permanent functional impairments, there is currently no standard for rehabilitation, leading to lifelong disability. Toward developing rehabilitative strategies, previous research demonstrates that the remaining muscle after a VML injury lacks similar levels of plasticity or adaptability as healthy, uninjured skeletal muscle. This may be due, in part, to impaired innervation and vascularization of the remaining muscle, as well as disrupted molecular signaling cascades commonly associated with muscle adaptation. The primary objective of this study was to assess the ability of four pharmacological agents with a strong record of modulating muscle contractile and metabolic function to improve functional deficits in a murine model of VML injury. Male C57BL/6 mice underwent a 15% multimuscle VML injury of the posterior hindlimb and were randomized into drug treatment groups (formoterol [FOR], 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide riboside [AICAR], pioglitazone [PIO], or sildenafil [SIL]) or untreated VML group. At the end of 60 days, the injury model was first validated by comparison to age-matched injury-naive mice. Untreated VML mice had 22% less gastrocnemius muscle mass, 36% less peak-isometric torque, and 27% less maximal mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate compared to uninjured mice (p < 0.01). Experimental drug groups were, then, compared to VML untreated, and there was minimal evidence of efficacy for AICAR, PIO, or SIL in improving contractile and metabolic functional outcomes. However, FOR-treated VML mice had 18% greater peak isometric torque (p < 0.01) and permeabilized muscle fibers had 36% greater State III mitochondrial oxygen consumption rate (p < 0.01) compared to VML untreated mice, suggesting an overall improvement in muscle condition. There was minimal evidence that these benefits came from greater mitochondrial biogenesis and/or mitochondrial complex protein content, but could be due to greater enzyme activity levels for complex I and complex II. These findings suggest that FOR treatment is candidate to pair with a rehabilitative approach to maximize functional improvements in VML-injured muscle. Impact statement Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries result in deficiencies in strength and mobility, which have a severe impact on patient quality of life. Despite breakthroughs in tissue engineering, there are currently no treatments available that can restore function to the affected limb. Our data show that treatment of VML injuries with clinically available and FDA-approved formoterol (FOR), a beta-agonist, significantly improves strength and metabolism of VML-injured muscle. FOR is therefore a promising candidate for combined therapeutic approaches (i.e., regenerative rehabilitation) such as pairing FOR with structured rehabilitation or cell-seeded biomaterials as it may provide greater functional improvements than either strategy alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer McFaline-Figueroa
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Albino G. Schifino
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Anna S. Nichenko
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Magen N. Lord
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Edward T. Hunda
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | | | - Emily E. Noble
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Sarah M. Greising
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Jarrod A. Call
- Department of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
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Yang L, Park J, Chaney EJ, Sorrells JE, Marjanovic M, Phillips H, Spillman DR, Boppart SA. Label-free multimodal nonlinear optical imaging of needle biopsy cores for intraoperative cancer diagnosis. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:JBO-220031GR. [PMID: 35643823 PMCID: PMC9142840 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.5.056504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE Needle biopsy (NB) procedures are important for the initial diagnosis of many types of cancer. However, the possibility of NB specimens being unable to provide diagnostic information, (i.e., non-diagnostic sampling) and the time-consuming histological evaluation process can cause delays in diagnoses that affect patient care. AIM We aim to demonstrate the advantages of this label-free multimodal nonlinear optical imaging (NLOI) technique as a non-destructive point-of-procedure evaluation method for NB tissue cores, for the visualization and characterization of the tissue microenvironment. APPROACH A portable, label-free, multimodal NLOI system combined second-harmonic generation (SHG) and third-harmonic generation and two- and three-photon autofluorescence (2PF, 3PF) microscopy. It was used for intraoperative imaging of fresh NB tissue cores acquired during canine cancer surgeries, which involved liver, lung, and mammary tumors as well as soft-tissue sarcoma; in total, eight canine patients were recruited. An added tissue culture chamber enabled the use of this NLOI system for longitudinal imaging of fresh NB tissue cores taken from an induced rat mammary tumor and healthy mouse livers. RESULTS The intraoperative NLOI system was used to assess fresh canine NB specimens during veterinary cancer surgeries. Histology-like morphological features were visualized by the combination of four NLOI modalities at the point-of-procedure. The NLOI results provided quantitative information on the tissue microenvironment such as the collagen fiber orientation using Fourier-domain SHG analysis and metabolic profiling by optical redox ratio (ORR) defined by 2PF/(2PF + 3PF). The analyses showed that the canine mammary tumor had more randomly oriented collagen fibers compared to the tumor margin, and hepatocarcinoma had a wider distribution of ORR with a lower mean value compared to the liver fibrosis and the normal-appearing liver. Moreover, the loss of metabolic information during tissue degradation of fresh murine NB specimens was shown by overall intensity decreases in all channels and an increase of mean ORR from 0.94 (standard deviation 0.099) to 0.97 (standard deviation 0.077) during 1-h longitudinal imaging of a rat mammary tumor NB specimen. The tissue response to staurosporine (STS), an apoptotic inducer, from fresh murine liver NB specimens was also observed. The mean ORR decreased from 0.86 to 0.74 in the first 40 min and then increased to 0.8 during the rest of the hour of imaging, compared to the imaging results without the addition of STS, which showed a continuous increase of ORR from 0.72 to 0.75. CONCLUSIONS A label-free, multimodal NLOI platform reveals microstructural and metabolic information of the fresh NB cores during intraoperative cancer imaging. This system has been demonstrated on animal models to show its potential to provide a more comprehensive histological assessment and a better understanding of the unperturbed tumor microenvironment. Considering tissue degradation, or loss of viability upon fixation, this intraoperative NLOI system has the advantage of immediate assessment of freshly excised tissue specimens at the point of procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Jaena Park
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Eric J. Chaney
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Janet E. Sorrells
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Marina Marjanovic
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, Illinois, United States
| | - Heidi Phillips
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, College of Veterinary Medicine, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Darold R. Spillman
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
| | - Stephen A. Boppart
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Bioengineering, Urbana, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Carle Illinois College of Medicine, Champaign, Illinois, United States
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Cancer Center at Illinois, Urbana, Illinois, United States
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8
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Vielreicher M, Bozec A, Schett G, Friedrich O. Murine Metatarsus Bone and Joint Collagen-I Fiber Morphologies and Networks Studied With SHG Multiphoton Imaging. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:608383. [PMID: 34178952 PMCID: PMC8226188 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.608383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammatory disease of bones and joints (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, gout, etc.), but also acute bone injury and healing, or degenerative resorptive processes inducing osteoporosis, are associated with structural remodeling that ultimately have impact on function. For instance, bone stability is predominantly orchestrated by the structural arrangement of extracellular matrix fibrillar networks, i.e., collagen-I, -IV, elastin, and other proteins. These components may undergo distinct network density and orientation alterations that may be causative for decreased toughness, resilience and load bearing capacity or even increased brittleness. Diagnostic approaches are usually confined to coarse imaging modalities of X-ray or computer tomography that only provide limited optical resolution and lack specificity to visualize the fibrillary collagen network. However, studying collagen structure at the microscopic scale is of considerable interest to understand the mechanisms of tissue pathologies. Multiphoton Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy, is able to visualize the sterical topology of the collagen-I fibrillar network in 3D, in a minimally invasive and label-free manner. Penetration depths exceed those of conventional visible light imaging and can be further optimized through employing decalcification or optical clearing processing ex vivo. The goal of this proof-of-concept study was to use SHG and two-photon excited fluorescence (2-PEF) imaging to mainly characterize the fibrillary collagen organization within ex vivo decalcified normal mouse metatarsus bone and joint. The results show that the technique resolved the fibrillar collagen network of complete bones and joints with almost no artifacts and enabled to study the complex collagen-I networks with various fiber types (straight, crimped) and network arrangements of mature and woven bone with high degree of detail. Our imaging approach enabled to identify cavities within both cortical and trabecular bone architecture as well as interfaces with sharply changing fiber morphology and network structure both within bone, in tendon and ligament and within joint areas. These possibilities are highly advantageous since the technology can easily be applied to animal models, e.g., of rheumatoid arthritis to study structural effects of chronic joint inflammation, and to many others and to compare to the structure of human bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Vielreicher
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Aline Bozec
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, University Clinic, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3 - Rheumatology and Immunology, University Clinic, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Oliver Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Biotechnology, Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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9
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Hung CW, Mazumder N, Lin DJ, Chen WL, Lin ST, Chan MC, Zhuo GY. Label-Free Characterization of Collagen Crosslinking in Bone-Engineered Materials Using Nonlinear Optical Microscopy. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2021; 27:1-11. [PMID: 33829983 DOI: 10.1017/s1431927621000295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Engineered biomaterials provide unique functions to overcome the bottlenecks seen in biomedicine. Hence, a technique for rapid and routine tests of collagen is required, in which the test items commonly include molecular weight, crosslinking degree, purity, and sterilization induced structural change. Among them, the crosslinking degree mainly influences collagen properties. In this study, second harmonic generation (SHG) and coherent anti-Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) microscopy are used in combination to explore the collagen structure at molecular and macromolecular scales. These measured parameters are applied for the classification and quantification among the different collagen scaffolds, which were verified by other conventional methods. It is demonstrated that the crosslinking status can be analyzed from SHG images and presented as the coherency of collagen organization that is correlated with the mechanical properties. Also, the comparative analyses of SHG signal and relative CARS signal of amide III band at 1,240 cm−1 to δCH2 band at 1,450 cm−1 of these samples provide information regarding the variation of the molecular structure during a crosslinking process, thus serving as nonlinear optical signatures to indicate a successful crosslinking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao-Wei Hung
- PhD Program for Biomedical Engineering and Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung40402, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Nirmal Mazumder
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka576104, India
| | - Dan-Jae Lin
- School of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung40402, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Wei-Liang Chen
- Center for Condensed Matter Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei10617, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Shih-Ting Lin
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung40447, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Ming-Che Chan
- Institute of Photonic System, College of Photonics, National Chiao-Tung University, Tainan71150, Taiwan R.O.C
- Institute of Biophotonics, National Yang-Ming University, No. 155, Sec. 2, Linong Street, Beitou District, Taipei City112, Taiwan R.O.C
| | - Guan-Yu Zhuo
- Integrative Stem Cell Center, China Medical University Hospital, No. 2, Yude Road, Taichung40447, Taiwan R.O.C
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, No. 91, Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung40402, Taiwan R.O.C
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10
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San Emeterio CL, Hymel LA, Turner TC, Ogle ME, Pendleton EG, York WY, Olingy CE, Liu AY, Lim HS, Sulchek TA, Warren GL, Mortensen LJ, Qiu P, Jang YC, Willett NJ, Botchwey EA. Nanofiber-Based Delivery of Bioactive Lipids Promotes Pro-regenerative Inflammation and Enhances Muscle Fiber Growth After Volumetric Muscle Loss. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:650289. [PMID: 33816455 PMCID: PMC8017294 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.650289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Volumetric muscle loss (VML) injuries after extremity trauma results in an important clinical challenge often associated with impaired healing, significant fibrosis, and long-term pain and functional deficits. While acute muscle injuries typically display a remarkable capacity for regeneration, critically sized VML defects present a dysregulated immune microenvironment which overwhelms innate repair mechanisms leading to chronic inflammation and pro-fibrotic signaling. In this series of studies, we developed an immunomodulatory biomaterial therapy to locally modulate the sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) signaling axis and resolve the persistent pro-inflammatory injury niche plaguing a critically sized VML defect. Multiparameter pseudo-temporal 2D projections of single cell cytometry data revealed subtle distinctions in the altered dynamics of specific immune subpopulations infiltrating the defect that were critical to muscle regeneration. We show that S1P receptor modulation via nanofiber delivery of Fingolimod (FTY720) was characterized by increased numbers of pro-regenerative immune subsets and coincided with an enriched pool of muscle stem cells (MuSCs) within the injured tissue. This FTY720-induced priming of the local injury milieu resulted in increased myofiber diameter and alignment across the defect space followed by enhanced revascularization and reinnervation of the injured muscle. These findings indicate that localized modulation of S1P receptor signaling via nanofiber scaffolds, which resemble the native extracellular matrix ablated upon injury, provides great potential as an immunotherapy for bolstering endogenous mechanisms of regeneration following VML injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheryl L. San Emeterio
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Lauren A. Hymel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Thomas C. Turner
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Molly E. Ogle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Emily G. Pendleton
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - William Y. York
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Claire E. Olingy
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Alan Y. Liu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Hong Seo Lim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Todd A. Sulchek
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Gordon L. Warren
- Department of Physical Therapy, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Luke J. Mortensen
- Regenerative Bioscience Center, Rhodes Center for ADS, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
- School of Chemical, Materials, and Biomedical Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, United States
| | - Peng Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Young C. Jang
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Nick J. Willett
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Department of Orthopedics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Atlanta Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Decatur, GA, United States
| | - Edward A. Botchwey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
- Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, United States
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11
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Xydias D, Ziakas G, Psilodimitrakopoulos S, Lemonis A, Bagli E, Fotsis T, Gravanis A, Tzeranis DS, Stratakis E. Three-dimensional characterization of collagen remodeling in cell-seeded collagen scaffolds via polarization second harmonic generation. BIOMEDICAL OPTICS EXPRESS 2021; 12:1136-1153. [PMID: 33680563 PMCID: PMC7901316 DOI: 10.1364/boe.411501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we use non-linear imaging microscopy to characterize the structural properties of porous collagen-GAG scaffolds (CGS) seeded with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), as well as human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs), a co-culture previously reported to form vessel-like structures inside CGS. The evolution of the resulting tissue construct was monitored over 10 days via simultaneous two- and three-photon excited fluorescence microscopy. Time-lapsed 2- and 3-photon excited fluorescence imaging was utilized to monitor the temporal evolution of the vascular-like structures up to 100 µm inside the scaffold up to 10 days post-seeding. 3D polarization-dependent second harmonic generation (PSHG) was utilized to monitor collagen-based scaffold remodeling and determine collagen fibril orientation up to 200 µm inside the scaffold. We demonstrate that polarization-dependent second harmonic generation can provide a novel way to quantify the reorganization of the collagen architecture in CGS simultaneously with key biomechanical interactions between seeded cells and CGS that regulate the formation of vessel-like structures inside 3D tissue constructs. A comparison between samples at different days in vitro revealed that gradually, the scaffolds developed an orthogonal net-like architecture, previously found in real skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dionysios Xydias
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Georgios Ziakas
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Greece
| | | | - Andreas Lemonis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Greece
| | - Eleni Bagli
- Department of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Theodore Fotsis
- Department of Biomedical Research, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Achille Gravanis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Greece
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Crete, Greece
| | - Dimitrios S. Tzeranis
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Greece
- Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Cyprus, Greece
| | - Emmanuel Stratakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas, Greece
- Department of Physics, School of Sciences and Engineering, University of Crete, Greece
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12
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Greising SM, Wang VM. Cross-talk with skeletal muscle and its nexus with regenerative rehabilitation. Connect Tissue Res 2021; 62:1-3. [PMID: 33269630 DOI: 10.1080/03008207.2020.1834909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Greising
- School of Kinesiology, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Vincent M Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Mechanics, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, VA, USA
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