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Zymonė K, Liaudanskas M, Lanauskas J, Nagelytė M, Janulis V. Variability in the Qualitative and Quantitative Composition of Phenolic Compounds and the In Vitro Antioxidant Activity of Sour Cherry ( Prunus cerasus L.) Leaves. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:553. [PMID: 38790658 PMCID: PMC11118903 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Sour cherry (Prunus cerasus L.) is a deciduous tree belonging to the Rosaceae Juss. family. Cherry leaves are an underutilized source of biologically active compounds. The aim of this study was to determine the composition of the phenolic compounds, as well as the total antioxidant activity, in leaf samples of P. cerasus cultivars and to elucidate the cultivars with particular phytochemical compositions. The phytochemical profiles of P. cerasus leaves vary significantly in a cultivar-dependent manner. The total content of identified phenolic compounds varied from 8.254 to 16.199 mg/g in the cherry leaves. Chlorogenic acid ranged between 1413.3 µg/g ('North Star') and 8028.0 µg/g ('Note'). The total content of flavonols varied from 4172.5 µg/g ('Vytenu zvaigzde') to 9030.7 µg/g ('Tikhonovskaya'). The total content of identified proanthocyanidins varied from 122.3 µg/g ('Note') to 684.8 µg/g ('Kelleris'). The highest levels of phloridzin (38.1 ± 0.9 µg/g) were found in samples of 'Molodezhnaya', while the lowest level of this compound was determined in the leaf samples of 'Turgenevka' (6.7 ± 0.2). The strongest antiradical (138.0 ± 4.0 µmol TE/g, p < 0.05) and reducing (364.9 ± 10.5 µmol TE/g, p < 0.05) activity in vitro was exhibited by the cultivar 'Vytenu zvaigzde' cherry leaf sample extracts. 'Kelleris', 'Note', and 'Tikhonovskaya' distinguish themselves with peculiar phytochemical compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Zymonė
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Analytical and Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Mindaugas Liaudanskas
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Juozas Lanauskas
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Kauno Str. 30, LT-54333 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Miglė Nagelytė
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Valdimaras Janulis
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Sukileliu av. 13, LT-50162 Kaunas, Lithuania
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Adebimpe Ojo C, Dziadek K, Sadowska U, Skoczylas J, Kopeć A. Analytical Assessment of the Antioxidant Properties of the Coneflower ( Echinacea purpurea L. Moench) Grown with Various Mulch Materials. Molecules 2024; 29:971. [PMID: 38474483 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29050971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants are added to foods to decrease the adverse effect of reactive species that create undesirable compounds that destroy essential nutrients and, therefore, lower the nutritional, chemical and physical properties of foods. This study was carried out to determine the antioxidant properties of flowers and plant stems with leaves of Echinacea purpurea grown with mulches of different colours and thicknesses. Coneflowers were grown in the Experimental Station of the Agricultural University in Kraków, Poland. The mulching materials used were black, green and brown colours of 100 g/m2 and 80 g/m2 density. In plant material, e.g., flowers or plant stems plus leaves the proximate analysis, the total polyphenol content and the ability to scavenge free radicals (ABTS, DPPH and FRAP) were determined. The results show that flower samples had a higher content of compound proteins, ash and phenolic compounds. The mulching colour and density did not affect the proximate analysis of the E. purpurea plant. Based on the result of this study, E. purpurea is a potential source of natural antioxidants and can be used to improve the antioxidant activity of various food products as well as in cosmetics within the pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celestina Adebimpe Ojo
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
| | - Kinga Dziadek
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
| | - Urszula Sadowska
- Faculty of Mechanisation and Energy Technologies in Agriculture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Majora Łupaszki 6, 30-198 Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Skoczylas
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
| | - Aneta Kopeć
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Balicka 122, 30-149 Krakow, Poland
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Tsoupras A, Moran D, Shiels K, Saha SK, Abu-Reidah IM, Thomas RH, Redfern S. Enrichment of Whole-Grain Breads with Food-Grade Extracted Apple Pomace Bioactives Enhanced Their Anti-Inflammatory, Antithrombotic and Anti-Oxidant Functional Properties. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:225. [PMID: 38397823 PMCID: PMC10886400 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13020225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Apple pomace (AP) is a bio-waste product of apples that is co-produced as a by-product during apples' processing for making apple-based products, mainly apple juice, cider and vinegar. AP is a rich source of several bioactives that can be valorized as ingredients for developing novel functional foods, supplements and nutraceuticals. Within the present study, food-grade extracts from AP with different tannin contents were found to contain bioactive polar lipids (PLs), phenolics and carotenoids with strong anti-oxidant, antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory properties. The extract from the low-in-tannins AP showed stronger anti-inflammatory potency in human platelets against the potent thrombo-inflammatory mediator platelet-activating factor (PAF), while it also exhibited considerable anti-platelet effects against the standard platelet agonist, adenosine diphosphate (ADP). The infusion of 0.5-1.0 g of this bioactive AP extract as functional ingredients for whole-grain bread-making resulted in the production of novel bio-functional bread products with stronger anti-oxidant, antithrombotic and anti-inflammatory potency against both PAF and ADP in human platelets, compared to the standard non-infused control breads. Structural analysis by LCMS showed that the PL-bioactives from all these sources (AP and the bio-functional breads) are rich in bioactive unsaturated fatty acids (UFA), especially in the omega-9 oleic acid (OA; 18:1n9), the omega-3 alpha linolenic acid (ALA; 18:n3) and the omega-6 linoleic acid (LA; 18:2n6), which further supports their strong anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic properties. All food-grade extracted AP including that infused with AP-bioactives novel functional breads showed higher hydrophilic, lipophilic and total phenolic content, as well as total carotenoid content, and subsequently stronger antioxidant capacity. These results showed the potential of appropriately valorizing AP-extracts in developing novel bio-functional bakery products, as well as in other health-promoting applications. Nevertheless, more studies are needed to fully elucidate and/or validate the anti-inflammatory, antithrombotic and antioxidant potential of novel bio-functional products across the food and cosmetic sectors when infused with these AP bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Tsoupras
- Hephaestus Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, International Hellenic University, 65404 Kavala, Greece
| | - Donal Moran
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Limerick, V94 T9PX Limerick, Ireland;
| | - Katie Shiels
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Moylish Park, V94 E8YF Limerick, Ireland; (K.S.); (S.K.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Sushanta Kumar Saha
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Moylish Park, V94 E8YF Limerick, Ireland; (K.S.); (S.K.S.); (S.R.)
| | - Ibrahim M. Abu-Reidah
- School of Science and the Environment, Memorial University of Newfoundland, Corner Brook, NL A2H 5G4, Canada;
| | - Raymond H. Thomas
- Biotron Experimental Climate Change Research Centre, Department of Biology, Western University, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada;
| | - Shane Redfern
- Shannon Applied Biotechnology Center, Technological University of the Shannon: Midlands Midwest, Moylish Park, V94 E8YF Limerick, Ireland; (K.S.); (S.K.S.); (S.R.)
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4
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Balciunaitiene A, Januskevice V, Saunoriute S, Raubyte U, Viskelis J, Memvanga PB, Viskelis P. Antimicrobial Antioxidant Polymer Films with Green Silver Nanoparticles from Symphyti radix. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:317. [PMID: 38337206 DOI: 10.3390/polym16030317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial natural polymer film with silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized using aqueous plant root extracts as reducing capping agents and for film formatting show extensive applicability for pathogenic microorganism problems. The formation of AgNPs was confirmed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) techniques. The antimicrobial activity of biofilm with green AgNPs was analysed by inhibiting the growth of Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria culture using the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility test. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity were slightly higher in aqueous extracts of Sym. Radix than in Sym. Radix/AgNPs. The antimicrobial effect of polymer film/AgNPs against selected test bacteria cultures was substantially more robust than with pure film. Pictures of AgNPs obtained by TEM revealed the presence of spherical-shaped nano-objects with an average size 27.45 nm. SEM-EDS studies confirmed the uniform distribution of metal nanoparticles throughout the biopolymeric matrix. Morphological studies of the surface showed that the obtained surface of the films was even, without holes or other relief irregularities. These apparent Symphyti radix polymer film/AgNPs' biological functions could provide a platform for fighting pathogenic bacteria in the era of multi-drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiste Balciunaitiene
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Baptai, Lithuania
| | - Viktorija Januskevice
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Baptai, Lithuania
| | - Sandra Saunoriute
- Research Institute of Natural and Technological Sciences, Vytautas Magnus University, 40444 Kaunas, Lithuania
| | - Urte Raubyte
- Life Sciences Center, Vilnius University, 10257 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Jonas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Baptai, Lithuania
| | - Patrick B Memvanga
- Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation Technologique en Environnement et en Sciences de la Santé (CRITESS), Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa B.P. 212, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Pranas Viskelis
- Institute of Horticulture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, 54333 Baptai, Lithuania
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Benmeddour T, Messaoudi K, Flamini G. First investigation of the chemical composition, antioxidant, antimicrobial and larvicidal activities of the essential oil of the subspecies Ononis angustissima Lam. subsp. filifolia Murb. Nat Prod Res 2024:1-16. [PMID: 38247329 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2024.2305211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
This study is the first to explore the essential oil of Ononis angustissima Lam. subsp. filifolia Murb., a subspecies growing in the Algerian northeastern Sahara. The chemical composition was evaluated by GC/GC-EIMS. Antioxidant activity was evaluated using two methods. Thirty-four (91.6%) individual components were identified. The main constituents were linalool (12.6%), hexahydrofarnesylacetone (8.4%), β-eudesmol (6.6%), α-cadinol (6.4%) and T-cadinol (6.1%). The findings provide a chemical basis for understanding relationships between North African subspecies, supporting botanical and genetic classification. The oil exhibited moderate scavenging activity against DPPH radicals (IC50 = 102.30 µg/ml) and high activity in the β-carotene bleaching assay (91.346%). Antimicrobial tests revealed effectiveness against Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and ATCC 43300), limited impact on Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922), and good inhibition against Aspergillus niger and Scedosporium apiospermum. A notable larvicidal activity was observed against Date Moth, particularly on L2 larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarek Benmeddour
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Valorization of Bioresources, University of Biskra, Algeria
| | - Khadidja Messaoudi
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Valorization of Bioresources, University of Biskra, Algeria
| | - Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Kourti M, Skaperda Z, Tekos F, Stathopoulos P, Koutra C, Skaltsounis AL, Kouretas D. The Bioactivity of a Hydroxytyrosol-Enriched Extract Originated after Direct Hydrolysis of Olive Leaves from Greek Cultivars. Molecules 2024; 29:299. [PMID: 38257212 PMCID: PMC10818913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, olive leaf polyphenols have been at the center of scientific interest due to their beneficial effects on human health. The most abundant polyphenol in olive leaves is oleuropein. The biological properties of oleuropein are mainly due to the hydroxytyrosol moiety, a drastic catechol group, whose biological activity has been mentioned many times in the literature. Hence, in recent years, many nutritional supplements, food products, and cosmetics enriched in hydroxytyrosol have been developed and marketed, with unexpectedly positive results. However, the concentration levels of hydroxytyrosol in olive leaves are low, as it depends on several agricultural factors. In this study, a rapid and easy methodology for the production of hydroxytyrosol-enriched extracts from olive leaves was described. The proposed method is based on the direct acidic hydrolysis of olive leaves, where the extraction procedure and the hydrolysis of oleuropein are carried out in one step. Furthermore, we tested the in vitro bioactivity of this extract using cell-free and cell-based methods, evaluating its antioxidant and DNA-protective properties. Our results showed that the hydroxytyrosol-enriched extract produced after direct hydrolysis of olive leaves exerted significant in vitro antioxidant and geno-protective activity, and potentially these extracts could have various applications in the pharmaceutical, food, and cosmetic industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Kourti
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (Z.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Zoi Skaperda
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (Z.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Fotios Tekos
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (Z.S.); (F.T.)
| | - Panagiotis Stathopoulos
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (P.S.); (C.K.); (A.L.S.)
| | - Christina Koutra
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (P.S.); (C.K.); (A.L.S.)
| | - Alexios Leandros Skaltsounis
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece; (P.S.); (C.K.); (A.L.S.)
| | - Demetrios Kouretas
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Biochemistry-Biotechnology, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41500 Larissa, Greece; (M.K.); (Z.S.); (F.T.)
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AbdElgawad H, Magdy Korany S, Hagagy N, Yaghoubi Khanghahi M, Reyad AM, Crecchio C, Zakri AM, Alsherif EA, Bakkar MR. Biochemical and pharmaceutical traits of Marrubium vulgare L. plants treated with plant growth-promoting bacteria and elevated CO 2. 3 Biotech 2023; 13:412. [PMID: 37997597 PMCID: PMC10663420 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03836-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The present research aimed to understand the influence of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) on various biochemical, nutritional, and pharmaceutical characteristics of Marrubium vulgare plants grown under elevated carbon dioxide (eCO2). To achieve this objective, a pot experiment was carried out, consisting of two treatments, namely: (i) biofertilization (Bf) by a PGPB strain (Micromonospora sp.) and (ii) two different air CO2 levels, including ambient CO2 (aCO2) and eCO2 concentrations (410 and 710 μmol CO2 mol-1, respectively). The improvement in the photosynthesis rate of eCO2 and Bf-treated plants can explain the increase in the production of carbohydrate. This is evidenced by a substantial rise, reaching up to + 75% and 25% in the total sugar and starch content in plants subjected to eCO2 treatment, respectively. Additionally, eCO2-treated plants exhibited a remarkable 102% increase in soluble sugar synthesis, while plants subjected to Bf treatment showed a notable increase of 66%. Such modifications could be the main factor affecting plants carbon and nitrogen metabolism. Although the level of certain amino acids (such as glycine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine) in plants exhibited significant increases in response to eCO2 and Bf, the levels of other amino acids demonstrated enhancements in plants grown under eCO2 (e.g., histidine) or under treatments containing Bf (e.g., alanine and ornithine). Improvements in primary metabolites led to more benefits in plants treated with Bf and CO2 by boosting secondary metabolites accumulation, including phenolics (+ 27-100%), flavonoids (+ 30-92%), and essential oils (up to + 296%), as well as improved antioxidant capacity (FRAP). This remarkable effectiveness was evident in the significant increase in the biomass production, highlighting the synergistic impact of the treatments. Therefore, the interaction of Bf and eCO2 not only induced plant biomass accumulation but also improved the nutritional and pharmaceutical value of M. vulgare plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada AbdElgawad
- Integrated Molecular Plant Physiology Research (IMPRES), Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521 Egypt
| | - Shereen Magdy Korany
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795 Egypt
| | - Nashwa Hagagy
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Mohammad Yaghoubi Khanghahi
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Reyad
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521 Egypt
| | - Carmine Crecchio
- Department of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Adel M. Zakri
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emad A. Alsherif
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef, 62521 Egypt
| | - Marwa Reda Bakkar
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Helwan University, Cairo, 11795 Egypt
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Messaoudi K, Benmeddour T, Flamini G. First report on the chemical composition and the free radical scavenging and antimicrobial activities of the essential oil of Ononis aurasiaca, an endemic plant of Algeria. Nat Prod Res 2023:1-13. [PMID: 37971903 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2023.2282113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
This study represents the first investigation of the chemical composition and the antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Ononis aurasiaca Förther & Podlech, a plant species endemic to the Aures Mountains of Algeria. The essential oil of the plant aerial parts was analysed using GC-MS. The in vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated using three methods. A total of 44 compounds were identified. The major constituents were dodecanal, hexahydrofarnesylacetone, 2-tridecanone, phytol, 1-heneicosene, and n-heneicosane. The oil displayed significant activity in the β-carotene bleaching assay, moderate scavenging activity against DPPH radicals and a low ability to reduce iron ions. Antibacterial tests conducted on four strains revealed effectiveness primarily against Gram-positive strains, specifically Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923 and ATCC 43300, while showing limited impact on Gram-negative strains, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853 and Escherichia coli ATCC 25922. Antifungal activity tests involving two moulds revealed a stronger inhibition against Scedosporium apiospermum compared to Aspergillus niger.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadidja Messaoudi
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Valorization of Bioresources, University of Biskra, Algeria
| | - Tarek Benmeddour
- Department of Nature and Life Sciences, University of Biskra, Biskra, Algeria
- Laboratory of Genetics, Biotechnology and Valorization of Bioresources, University of Biskra, Algeria
| | - Guido Flamini
- Dipartimento di Farmacia, Università di Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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AbdElgawad H, Magdy Korany S, Reyad AM, Zahid I, Akhter N, Alsherif E, Sheteiwy MS, Shah AA, Selim S, Hassan AHA, Yaghoubi Khanghahi M, Beemster GTS, Crecchio C. Synergistic Impacts of Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria and Selenium Nanoparticles on Improving the Nutritional Value and Biological Activities of Three Cultivars of Brassica Sprouts. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:26414-26424. [PMID: 37521602 PMCID: PMC10373182 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Due to the growing world population and increasing environmental stress, improving the production, nutritional quality, and pharmaceutical applications of plants have become an urgent need. Therefore, current research was designed to investigate the impact of seed priming using plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) along with selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) treatment on chemical and biological properties of three Brassica oleracea cultivars [Southern star (VA1), Prominence (VA2), Monotop (VA3)]. With this aim, one out of five morphologically different strains of bacteria, namely, JM18, which was further identified via 16S rRNA gene sequencing as a Nocardiopsis species with strong plant-growth-promoting traits, isolated from soil, was used. To explore the growth-promoting potential of Nocardiopsis species, seeds of three varieties of B. oleracea were primed with JM18 individually or in combination with SeNP treatment. Seed treatments increased sprout growth (fresh and dry weights) and glucosinolate accumulation. The activity of myrosinase was significantly increased through brassica sprouts and consequently enhanced the amino-acid-derived glucosinolate induction. Notably, a reduction in effective sulforaphane nitrile was detected, being positively correlated with a decrease in epithiospecifier protein (EP). Consequently, the antioxidant activities of VA2 and VA3, determined by the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay, were increased by 74 and 79%, respectively. Additionally, the antibacterial activities of JM18-treated cultivars were improved. However, a decrease was observed in SeNP- and JM18 + SeNP-treated VA2 and VA3 against Serratia marcescens and Candida glabrata and VA1 against S. marcescens. In conclusion, seed priming with the JM18 extract is a promising method to enhance the health-promoting activities of B. oleracea sprouts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamada AbdElgawad
- Botany
and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni−Suef 62521, Egypt
- Integrated
Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Shereen Magdy Korany
- Department
of Biology, College of Science, Princess
Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Mohamed Reyad
- Botany
and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni−Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Iqra Zahid
- Department
of Biological Sciences, Abasyn University
Islamabad Campus, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Nosheen Akhter
- Department
of Biological Sciences, National University
of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan
| | - Emad Alsherif
- Botany
and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni−Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Mohamed S. Sheteiwy
- Department
of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Mansoura
University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Anis Ali Shah
- Department
of Botany, Division of Science and Technology, University of Education, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Samy Selim
- Department
of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohammad Yaghoubi Khanghahi
- Department
of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University
of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Gerrit T. S. Beemster
- Integrated
Molecular Plant Physiology Research, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Carmine Crecchio
- Department
of Soil, Plant and Food Sciences, University
of Bari Aldo Moro, Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
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10
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Silvestrini A, Meucci E, Ricerca BM, Mancini A. Total Antioxidant Capacity: Biochemical Aspects and Clinical Significance. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10978. [PMID: 37446156 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310978] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the physiological role of oxidant molecules, oxidative stress (OS) could underlie several human diseases. When the levels of antioxidants are too low or too high, OS occurs, leading to damage at the molecular, tissue and cellular levels. Therefore, antioxidant compounds could represent a way to modulate OS and/or to maintain proper redox balance. This review provides an overview of the methods available to assess total antioxidant capacity (TAC) in biological systems to elucidate the correct terminology and the pathophysiological roles. The clinical context is fundamental to obtain a correct interpretation of TAC. Hence, we discuss metabolic syndrome and infertility, two clinical conditions that involve OS, including the potential prognostic role of TAC evaluation in monitoring antioxidant supplementation. This approach would provide more personalised and precise therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Silvestrini
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Meucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biotecnologiche di Base, Cliniche Intensivologiche e Perioperatorie, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Bianca Maria Ricerca
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Mancini
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli (IRCCS), 00168 Rome, Italy
- Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia Traslazionale, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy
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11
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Merecz-Sadowska A, Sitarek P, Kowalczyk T, Zajdel K, Jęcek M, Nowak P, Zajdel R. Food Anthocyanins: Malvidin and Its Glycosides as Promising Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Agents with Potential Health Benefits. Nutrients 2023; 15:3016. [PMID: 37447342 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are flavonoid compounds that are abundantly present in fruits and vegetables. These compounds contribute to the color of these foods and offer various health benefits to consumers due to their biological properties. There are more than 1000 types of anthocyanins in nature, all derived from 27 anthocyanidin aglycones that have different glycosylations and acylations. Malvidin is one of the most well-known anthocyanidins. Several studies, including those conducted on cell lines, animals, and humans, have suggested that malvidin and its glycosides possess anti-carcinogenic, diabetes-control, cardiovascular-disease-prevention, and brain-function-improvement properties. These health benefits are primarily attributed to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects, which are influenced by the molecular mechanisms related to the expression and modulation of critical genes. In this article, we review the available information on the biological activity of malvidin and its glycosides concerning their health-promoting effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Merecz-Sadowska
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
| | - Przemysław Sitarek
- Department of Medical Biology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
| | - Tomasz Kowalczyk
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Genetics, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, 90-237 Lodz, Poland
| | - Karolina Zajdel
- Department of Medical Informatics and Statistics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-645 Lodz, Poland
| | - Mariusz Jęcek
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
| | - Paweł Nowak
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
| | - Radosław Zajdel
- Department of Economic and Medical Informatics, University of Lodz, 90-214 Lodz, Poland
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12
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Sudesh, Maurya DK, Jamdar SN. Gamma-irradiation of inulin improves its biological functionality and feasibility as a functional ingredient in synbiotic food. Food Chem 2023; 408:135217. [PMID: 36563623 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inulin, a dietary fibre, is widely used as a prebiotic, sugar replacer, and texture modifier in the food industry. In this study, we have shown that irradiation affects the physicochemical properties of inulin, which in turn improves its biological functionality and feasibility as a functional ingredient in synbiotic foods. The biological functionality of 25 kGy-irradiated inulin (IRI) was assessed in terms of antioxidant capacity, protective action against intracellular ROS, and prebiotic activity. Antioxidant assays revealed that irradiated inulin had improved antioxidant activity, which was even greater than that of fructooligosaccharides. Furthermore, IRI was found to be comparatively more effective in maintaining low intracellular ROS levels. The in vitro fermentation studies showed that IRI had higher bifidogenic efficacy than fructooligosaccharides and unirradiated inulin. A synbiotic low-fat yogurt containing IRI (8.5 %) was prepared. In terms of sensory attributes, the developed product was comparable to a commercially available non-synbiotic and high-fat containing product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudesh
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Dharmendra K Maurya
- Radiation Biology & Health Sciences Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India
| | - Sahayog N Jamdar
- Food Technology Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
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13
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Baenas N, García-Viguera C, Domínguez-Perles R, Medina S. Winery By-Products as Sources of Bioactive Tryptophan, Serotonin, and Melatonin: Contributions to the Antioxidant Power. Foods 2023; 12:foods12081571. [PMID: 37107366 PMCID: PMC10137535 DOI: 10.3390/foods12081571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The amino acid tryptophan and its derived molecules serotonin and melatonin are involved in a wide range of physiological functions that contribute significantly to human health, namely antioxidant, immune-active, and neurological properties. Grapes and wine are a source of these compounds, but their presence in wine by-products remains underexplored. Therefore, the aim of this work was the identification and quantification of tryptophan, serotonin, and melatonin in winery by-products (grape stems, grape pomace, and wine lees) by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization and mass spectrometer with triple-quadrupole technology (UHPLC-ESI-QqQ-MS/MS), as well as the evaluation of the extracts obtained (by applying specific extraction conditions for each of them) for their antioxidant and reducing capacity (by three different and complementary methods: FRAP, ABTS•+, and ORAC). Furthermore, correlation analyses were developed to establish the contribution of the different analytes to the total antioxidant activity. The main results obtained pointed out grape stems as the by-product with the highest tryptophan content (96.28 mg/kg dw) and antioxidant capacity (142.86, 166.72, and 363.24 mmol TE/kg dw, FRAP, ABTS•+, and ORAC, respectively), while serotonin and melatonin were the predominant derivatives in grape pomace (0.086 and 0.902 µg/kg dw, respectively). The antioxidant capacity of the standards was also analysed at the concentrations found in the matrices studied. A significant correlation was found between the concentration of the pure tryptophan standard and the antioxidant capacity (ABTS•+, r2 = 0.891 at p < 0.001 (***); FRAP, r2 = 0.885 at p < 0.01 (**); and ORAC, r2 = 0.854 at p < 0.01 (**)). According to these results, winery by-products can be highlighted as valuable materials to be used as novel ingredients containing tryptophan, serotonin, and melatonin, while tryptophan was identified as the most relevant contributor (out of phenolic compounds) to the antioxidant capacity exhibited by wine by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieves Baenas
- Department of Food Technology, Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare-Nostrum", Campus de Espinardo, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Viguera
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de, Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus of the University of Murcia-25, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl Domínguez-Perles
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de, Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus of the University of Murcia-25, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - Sonia Medina
- Laboratorio de Fitoquímica y Alimentos Saludables (LabFAS), Departamento de Ciencia y Tecnología de, Alimentos, CEBAS-CSIC, Campus of the University of Murcia-25, Espinardo, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Yap VL, Tan LF, Rajagopal M, Wiart C, Selvaraja M, Leong MY, Tan PL. Evaluation of phytochemicals and antioxidant potential of a new polyherbal formulation TC-16: additive, synergistic or antagonistic? BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:93. [PMID: 36978110 PMCID: PMC10045111 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-03921-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Scientific literature has demonstrated the association of free radicals in the aetiology of various chronic diseases. Hence, the identification of potent antioxidants remains a useful task. The combination of multiple herbs in polyherbal formulations (PHF) is often associated with greater therapeutic efficacy due to synergistic interactions. However, antagonism can occur in natural product mixtures and the resultant antioxidant potential might not always be the additive value of the antioxidant properties of each component. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the phytochemicals, antioxidative potential and interaction among the herbs in TC-16, a new PHF comprising Curcuma longa L., Zingiber officinale var. Bentong, Piper nigrum L., Citrofortunella microcarpa (Bunge) Wijnands and Apis dorsata honey. METHODS TC-16 was screened for phytochemicals. Phenolic and flavonoid contents of TC-16 and its individual ingredients were determined, followed by assessment of antioxidant properties using in vitro assays including 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) and β-carotene bleaching (BCB) assays. Interactions among the herbs were also investigated by calculating the difference in antioxidant activity and combination index. RESULTS Alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins and glycosides were present in TC-16. TC-16 possessed the highest phenolic (46.14 ± 1.40 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid (132.69 ± 1.43 mg CE/g) contents following C. longa. Synergistic antioxidant activity among the herbs was evident in ORAC and BCB assays which uses mainly hydrogen atom transfer-based antioxidant mechanisms. CONCLUSIONS TC-16 demonstrated roles in combating free radicals. In a PHF, synergistic interaction among the herbs is observed in some but not all mechanisms. Mechanisms showing synergistic interactions should be highlighted to maximise the beneficial property of the PHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vi Lien Yap
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Lee Fang Tan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Mogana Rajagopal
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
| | - Christophe Wiart
- Institute for Tropical Biology & Conservation, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, 88400, Malaysia.
| | - Malarvili Selvaraja
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Mun Yee Leong
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
| | - Puay Luan Tan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UCSI University, UCSI Heights 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia
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15
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Song W, Xu Z, Gao P, Liu X. Chemical Composition and In Vitro Antioxidant Activity and Anti-Acetylcholinesterase Activity of Essential Oils from Tadehagi triquetrum (L.) Ohashi. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28062734. [PMID: 36985706 PMCID: PMC10055730 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28062734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to determine the chemical compositions of essential oils (EOs) from Tadehagi triquetrum (L.) Ohashi and evaluate their antioxidant and anti-cholinesterase activity under the comprehensive influence of chemical components. The essential oils were extracted from T. triquetrum (L.) Ohashi by hydrodistillation. A total of 58 organic compounds were identified by GC-FID and GC-MS analysis. The major components of T. triquetrum (L.) Ohashi EOs were identified as palmitic acid (22.46%), 1-Octen-3-ol (14.07%), Caryophyllene (7.20%), (Z)-18-Octadec-9-enolide (6.04%), and 3-Hexen-1-ol (4.55%). The antioxidant activity of the essential oils was determined by using ABTS assay, DPPH assay, and FRAP assay, with IC50 values of 2.12 ± 0.05 mg/mL, 4.73 ± 0.91 mg/mL against the ABTS, DPPH, and FRAP value 117.42 ± 8.10 mM/g. The result showed that it had moderate antioxidant activities in the experiment, which why it is likely that it will be used as an antioxidant. At the same time, the EOs also showed moderate anti-acetylcholinesterase activity. This study expands the chemical and biological knowledge of the EOs of T. triquetrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzhi Song
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Ziyue Xu
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Peizhong Gao
- SDU-ANU Joint Science College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Marine College, Shandong University, Weihai 264209, China
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Wang H, Ma JX, Wu DM, Gao N, Si J, Cui BK. Identifying Bioactive Ingredients and Antioxidant Activities of Wild Sanghuangporus Species of Medicinal Fungi. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020242. [PMID: 36836356 PMCID: PMC9959451 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Sanghuangporus refers to a group of rare medicinal fungi with remarkable therapeutic properties. However, current knowledge on the bioactive ingredients and antioxidant activities of different species of this genus is limited. In this study, a total of 15 wild strains from 8 species of Sanghuangporus were selected as the experimental materials for identification of the bioactive components (polysaccharide, polyphenol, flavonoid, triterpenoid, and ascorbic acid) and antioxidant activities (scavenging activities against hydroxyl, superoxide, DPPH, and ABTS radicals; superoxide dismutase activity; and ferric reducing ability of plasma). Notably, individual strains contained different levels of various indicators, among which Sanghuangporus baumii Cui 3573, S. sanghuang Cui 14419 and Cui 14441, S. vaninii Dai 9061, and S. zonatus Dai 10841 displayed the strongest activities. The correlation analysis of bioactive ingredients and antioxidant activities revealed that the antioxidant capacity of Sanghuangporus is mainly associated with the contents of flavonoid and ascorbic acid, followed by polyphenol and triterpenoid, and finally, polysaccharide. Together, the results obtained from the comprehensive and systematic comparative analyses contribute further potential resources and critical guidance for the separation, purification, and further development and utilization of bioactive agents from wild Sanghuangporus species, as well as the optimization of their artificial cultivation conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wang
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jin-Xin Ma
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Dong-Mei Wu
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences/Xinjiang Production and Construction Group Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Enhancement and Gene Resources Utilization, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Neng Gao
- Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Sciences/Xinjiang Production and Construction Group Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Enhancement and Gene Resources Utilization, Biotechnology Research Institute, Shihezi 832000, China
| | - Jing Si
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (B.-K.C.)
| | - Bao-Kai Cui
- Institute of Microbiology, School of Ecology and Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: (J.S.); (B.-K.C.)
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Gallic acid diminishes pro-inflammatory interferon-γ- and interleukin-17-producing sub-populations in vitro in patients with psoriasis. Immunol Res 2023; 71:475-487. [PMID: 36754913 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-023-09361-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is an inflammation of the skin mediated via the IL-23/Thl17/IL-17 pathway. We have previously demonstrated that the anthocyanin delphinidin diminishes in vitro the IL-17 and IFN-γ production of peripheral monocytes isolated by psoriasis patients (PBMCs). The degradation product of delphinidin is gallic acid (GA). This phenolic acid compound found in fruits, red wine, or green tea exerts pleiotropic antioxidant, anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Previous research has demonstrated the inhibitory effect of GA on pro-inflammatory transcription factors, such as STAT3, RORγt, and NF-κB, or cytokines as IL-1β and TNF, which contribute to psoriasis development. We investigated the effect of GA in vitro on PBMCs, which were stimulated ex vivo, from 40 individuals (28 diagnosed with psoriasis vulgaris and 12 healthy controls (HCs)). In our experiments, PBMCs were cultured untreated or were activated in the presence of phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate/ionomycin with or without GA. We utilized multicolor flow cytometry to assess the production of inteleukin-17 (IL-17) and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in T and NK cells. GA did not alter the fractions of IL-17- or IFN-γ-producing T and IFN-γ-producing NK cells in HCs. However, in psoriasis patients, the effect of GA on that cell population was significant. Specifically, GA decreased the frequency of IL-17-producing cells within the CD3+ (T) and CD3+CD4+ (Th) compartment; the frequency of IFN-γ-producing cells within the CD3+, CD3+CD4+, and CD3+CD4- (Tc) compartment, and the frequency of IFN-γ-producing cells within the CD3-CD56+ (NK) compartment. Whether GA's effect also appears in vivo needs to be investigated in future.
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Antioxidant and DNA-Protective Activity of an Extract Originated from Kalamon Olives Debittering. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020333. [PMID: 36829892 PMCID: PMC9952268 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Table olives are a major component of the Mediterranean diet and are associated with many beneficial biological activities, which are mainly related to their phenolic compounds. Olive fruit debittering process defines the quantitative and qualitative composition of table olives in biophenols. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant capacity and DNA-protective activity of an extract originated from brine samples, according to the Greek style debbitering process of Kalamon olive fruits. The main phenolic components determined in the brine extract were hydroxytyrosol (HT), verbascoside (VERB) and tyrosol (T). The in vitro cell-free assays showed strong radical scavenging capacity from the extract, therefore antioxidant potential. At cellular level, human endothelial cells (EA.hy296) and murine myoblasts (C2C12) were treated with non-cytotoxic concentrations of the brine extract and the redox status was assessed by measuring glutathione (GSH), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation levels (TBARS). Our results show cell type specific response, exerting a hormetic reflection at endothelial cells. Finally, in both cell lines, pre-treatment with brine extract protected from H2O2-induced DNA damage. In conclusion, this is the first holistic approach highlighted table olive wastewaters from Kalamon- Greek style debittering process, as valuable source of bioactive compounds, which could have interesting implications for the development of new products in food or other industries.
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The Anti-Inflammatory and Antioxidant Impact of Dietary Fatty Acids in Cardiovascular Protection in Older Adults May Be Related to Vitamin C Intake. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12020267. [PMID: 36829826 PMCID: PMC9952336 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12020267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), or linoleic acid (LA), have a particular role in counteracting cardiovascular diseases. They may regulate antioxidant potential and inflammatory reactions. Little is known whether other fatty acids, such as saturated fatty acids (e.g., short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) such as butyric or caproic acid) or monounsaturated fatty acids, may be involved and whether the level of Vitamin C intake may affect these processes. The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of fatty acid intake on plasma and salivary total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and the salivary inflammation marker C-reactive protein (CRP). Eighty older adults (60-79 years old) were divided into two groups with high (n = 39) and low (n = 41) Vitamin C intake. In the group with high Vitamin C intake SCFA, ALA, LA positively correlated with the plasma TAC indices, and in the group with low Vitamin C intake, the salivary TAC was decreased in subjects with a higher SCFA intake. Salivary CRP negatively corresponded to SCFA, EPA, and DHA in the whole study group (p < 0.05 for all). Fatty acids and Vitamin C intake may influence antioxidant potential and salivary CRP.
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Zych B, Górka A, Myszka A, Błoniarz D, Siekierzyńska A, Błaż W. Status of Oxidative Stress during Low-Risk Labour: Preliminary Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:157. [PMID: 36612477 PMCID: PMC9819319 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Pregnancy and childbirth are associated with the forming of reactive oxygen species that generate oxidative stress. Oxidative stress is a factor that may adversely affect the development of the fetus and the course of labour. Monitoring the parameters of oxidative stress can be used to assess the risk of health issues in the course of pregnancy and the condition of the newborn. Therefore, the analysis of oxidative stress in the physiological course of labour is the basis for understanding the role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of miscarriages and neonatal health circumstances. The study aimed to assess oxidative stress of mother-child pairs in the venous blood and umbilical cord blood at the time of physiological labour. One hundred and sixty-eight mother-child pairs were recruited to donate the mother’s venous blood in the first stage of labour and the venous umbilical cord blood after the newborn’s birth. Total antioxidant status (TAS), the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) with cofactors (Zn, Cu, Mn) and the activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were analysed in venous blood plasma and umbilical cord blood. TAS value (p = 0.034), GPx activity (p < 0.001) and Zn concentration (p = 0.007) were significantly lower in maternal blood plasma as compared to neonatal umbilical cord blood. However, the activity of SOD (p = 0.013) and the concentration of Cu (p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the blood of mothers than of new-borns. The concentration of Mn in the plasma of the mother’s blood and the umbilical cord blood of the newborns was similar. Our research indicates higher levels of antioxidant enzyme (GPx) and total antioxidant potential (TAS) in umbilical cord blood compared to maternal blood, which may suggest depletion of redox reserves in women’s blood during labour.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Zych
- Institute of Health Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Anna Górka
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aleksander Myszka
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Dominika Błoniarz
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Biology and Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Pigonia 1, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Siekierzyńska
- Department of Physiology and Plant Biotechnology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Land Management and Environmental Protection, College of Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, Cwiklinskiej 2, 35-601 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Witold Błaż
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Warzywna 1a, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland
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Chemical Profile and Skin-Beneficial Activities of the Petal Extracts of Paeonia tenuifolia L. from Serbia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15121537. [PMID: 36558988 PMCID: PMC9787298 DOI: 10.3390/ph15121537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Without being aware of its chemical makeup, many ancient societies have used Steppe peony in their traditional medicine. Given that modern phytopreparation intended for use on human skin requires, above all, knowledge of its chemical composition, the goal of this study was to make a screening of the composition of aqueous and methanolic extracts of the petals of P. tenuifolia L. and to examine them for various skin-beneficial properties. The extracts were prepared by maceration, ultrasound-assisted, and microwave-assisted extraction procedures. The chemical profiling was conducted by the use of UHPLC-LTQ-OrbiTrap MS and UHPLC/MS, and spectrophotometric methods for the determination of total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents. The biological activities entailed antioxidant ABTS, DPPH, CUPRAC (Cupric Ion Reducing Antioxidant Capacity), and FRAP (Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power) assays, antimicrobial (antibacterial and antifungal) and antibiofilm activities, cytotoxicity, wound healing potential, as well as the adhesion and invasion of Staphylococcus lugdunensis. The results showed that the petals are rich in phenolic acids and flavonoids, which are commonly associated with numerous biological activities. The aqueous extracts were more efficient in the majority of the bioactivity assays then the methanolic ones, whereas the optimal extraction method varied between the assays. This study is the first step towards the safe use of the aqueous extracts of P. tenuifolia petals for therapeutic skin treatments.
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Malfa GA, De Leo M, Tundis R, Braca A, Loizzo MR, Di Giacomo C, Raimondo FM, Bucchini AEA, Acquaviva R. Biological Investigation and Chemical Study of Brassica villosa subsp. drepanensis (Brassicaeae) Leaves. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27238447. [PMID: 36500538 PMCID: PMC9736856 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27238447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Brassica villosa subsp. drepanensis (Caruel) Raimondo & Mazzola, belonging to the Brassica oleracea complex, is a wild edible plant endemic to western Sicily and a relative of modern cultivated Brassica crops. In this study, the antioxidant properties, anti-inflammatory activities, enzymatic inhibition, and cytotoxicity in cancer cells of B. villosa subsp. drepanensis leaf ethanolic extract were analysed for the first time. In addition, its chemical profile was investigated partitioning the total 70% ethanol extract among ethyl acetate, n-butanol, and water to obtain three residues that were subjected to chromatographic separation. Two flavonol glycosides, a phenol glucoside, two amino acids, and purine/pyrimidine bases were obtained. The presence of the glucosinolate glucoiberin was detected in the water extract by UHPLC-MS analysis. The total polyphenol and flavonoid content of the 70% ethanol extract showed good antioxidant capacities and anti-inflammatory properties by reducing nitric oxide release and reactive oxygen species levels and increasing glutathione in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. The extract inhibited the enzymatic activity of α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and, significantly, of lipase. The MTT assay showed that the extract did not affect the viability of normal HFF-1 and RAW 264.7 cells. Among the cancer cell lines tested, an antiproliferative action was only observed in CaCo-2. The cytotoxicity of the extract was further confirmed by LDH release assay and by the destabilization of the oxidative balance. Results confirmed the antioxidant properties of the crude extract responsible for the anti-inflammatory effect on healthy cells and cytotoxicity in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Antonio Malfa
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- PLANTA/Autonomous Center for Research, Documentation and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Marinella De Leo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Research Centre for Nutraceutical and Healthy Foods “NUTRAFOOD”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Rosa Tundis
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Alessandra Braca
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno 33, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Research Centre for Nutraceutical and Healthy Foods “NUTRAFOOD”, University of Pisa, Via del Borghetto 80, 56124 Pisa, Italy
- Centre for Instrumentation Sharing, University of Pisa (CISUP), Lungarno Pacinotti 43, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-2219688
| | - Monica Rosa Loizzo
- Department of Pharmacy, Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci, 87036 Rende, Italy
| | - Claudia Di Giacomo
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Maria Raimondo
- PLANTA/Autonomous Center for Research, Documentation and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
| | - Anahi Elena Ada Bucchini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Research ‘Botanic Garden’, University of Urbino, Via Bramante 28, 61029 Urbino, Italy
| | - Rosaria Acquaviva
- Department of Drug and Health Science, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy
- PLANTA/Autonomous Center for Research, Documentation and Training, Via Serraglio Vecchio 28, 90123 Palermo, Italy
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Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants-A Critical Review on In Vitro Antioxidant Assays. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11122388. [PMID: 36552596 PMCID: PMC9774584 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11122388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants have been widely studied in the fields of biology, medicine, food, and nutrition sciences. There has been extensive work on developing assays for foods and biological systems. The scientific communities have well-accepted the effectiveness of endogenous antioxidants generated in the body. However, the health efficacy and the possible action of exogenous dietary antioxidants are still questionable. This may be attributed to several factors, including a lack of basic understanding of the interaction of exogenous antioxidants in the body, the lack of agreement of the different antioxidant assays, and the lack of specificity of the assays, which leads to an inability to relate specific dietary antioxidants to health outcomes. Hence, there is significant doubt regarding the relationship between dietary antioxidants to human health. In this review, we documented the variations in the current methodologies, their mechanisms, and the highly varying values for six common food substrates (fruits, vegetables, processed foods, grains, legumes, milk, and dairy-related products). Finally, we discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the antioxidant assays and examine the challenges in correlating the antioxidant activity of foods to human health.
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Antioxidant and Sensorial Properties: Meat Analogues versus Conventional Meat Products. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10091864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Meat-product alternatives have become more popular among consumers, mainly due to concern for animal welfare and demand for more eco-friendly production. This study focused on the comparison between the antioxidant capacities of selected types of meat products and those of their plant-based alternatives. The analogues of the following products were analyzed: minced meat, burger, steak, Hungarian sausages, Frankfurter sausages and salami. Total polyphenol contents and antioxidant capacities and sensory profiles of the products were determined. The highest polyphenol content (1.85 mg Gallic acid/g) and antioxidant capacity values (DPPH: 41.80% inhibition, CUPRAC: 9.21 Trolox mmol/kg, FRAP: 7.51 mmol/g, ABTS: 7.45% inhibition) were observed in the analogue samples of Hungarian sausages due to the oat flour presence in these products. The results indicated that antioxidant properties of meat analogue products (plant sources) were superior compared to conventional meat products (produced from animal sources). The sensorial attributes indicated no significant (p > 0.05) differences in taste (except the Frankfurter sausages). The novelty of the study can be seen in the fact that it confirmed that the sensory properties of meat analogue products can be close to those of traditional meat products.
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Antioxidant Extracts of Nettle (Urtica dioica) Leaves: Evaluation of Extraction Techniques and Solvents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27186015. [PMID: 36144748 PMCID: PMC9500655 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nettle (Urtica dioica) is a great source of bioactive compounds. The objective of this study was to evaluate the extraction techniques (ultrasound, without stirring, and stirring), solvents (methanol, water, and ethanol), and extraction times (1–4 h) to maximize antioxidant capacity of the Urtica dioica extracts. In the case of total phenolic content (TPC) and ABTS•+ (2,2-azino-bis(3-etilbenzotiazolin)-6-sulfonic acid) free radical scavenging values, ultrasound extraction was the most efficient method, while the best results of DPPH• (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) assay in nettle extracts (91.08%) were obtained using stirring extraction, water as solvent, and 3 h of extraction time. Based on the obtained mathematical models, the optimization revealed that the best extraction conditions were ultrasound treatment with water as solvent and an extraction time of 3.15 h, obtaining values of 21.9 mg eq gallic acid/g dried nettle for TPC, 71.8% for %ABTS•+ and 86.6% for %DPPH•. This work proves that aqueous extract of nettle leaves through the ultrasound technique is an important source of natural antioxidants and can be considered a potential alternative to synthetic antioxidants.
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Bazanov DR, Savitskaya VY, Maximova NA, Tyurin VY, Gracheva YA, Chesnokova NB, Beznos OV, Sosonyuk SE, Lozinskaya NA. Antioxidant activity and redox properties of cis-2,4,5-tris(hydroxyaryl)imidazolines. MENDELEEV COMMUNICATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mencom.2022.09.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Development of Phytocosmeceutical Microemulgel Containing Flaxseed Extract and Its In Vitro and In Vivo Characterization. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081656. [PMID: 36015282 PMCID: PMC9415642 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidants from natural sources are extensively attaining consideration to avert the skin from damage and aging caused by free radicals. Flaxseed (Linum usitatissimum L.), a natural therapeutic agent, was meant to be explored cosmeceutical by quantifying its potential phytoconstituents and to be incorporated into a microemulgel for topical use. Hydroalcoholic fractions (both methanolic and ethanolic; 80%) flaxseed extracts were subjected to phytochemical screening by quantifying total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), and high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet (HPLC-UV), and for biological activities through 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, tyrosinase inhibition assay, and sun protection factor (SPF). Ethanolic fraction was selected for further study by TPC (18.75 mg gallic acid equivalent/g) and TFC (1.34 mg quercetin equivalent/g). HPLC-UV analysis showed the existence of benzoic, quercetin, caffeic, vanillic, p-coumaric, gallic, cinnamic, syringic, and sinapic acids. Biological activities showed 87.00%, 72.00%, and 21.75 values for DPPH assay, tyrosinase inhibition, and SPF assays, respectively. An oil-in-water (OW) microemulsion containing the flaxseed extract, with 99.20 nm Zeta size, −19.3 Zeta potential and 0.434 polydispersity index was developed and incorporated in Carbopol-940 gel matrix to formulate an active microemulgel with 59.15% release in in vitro studies. The successfully formulated stable active microemulgel produced statistically significant effects (p < 0.05), in comparison to a placebo, on skin erythema, melanin, sebum, moisture, and elasticity, in a noninvasive in vivo study performed on 13 healthy human female volunteers. Other cosmeceutical products can also be formulated from flaxseed, making it a considerable candidate for further utilization in the pharmaceutical industry.
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Balčiūnaitienė A, Štreimikytė P, Puzerytė V, Viškelis J, Štreimikytė-Mockeliūnė Ž, Maželienė Ž, Sakalauskienė V, Viškelis P. Antimicrobial Activities against Opportunistic Pathogenic Bacteria Using Green Synthesized Silver Nanoparticles in Plant and Lichen Enzyme-Assisted Extracts. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11141833. [PMID: 35890467 PMCID: PMC9322591 DOI: 10.3390/plants11141833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Enzyme-assisted extraction is a valuable tool for mild and environmentally-friendly extraction conditions to release bioactive compounds and sugars, essential for silver nanoparticle (AgNP) green synthesis as capping and reducing agents. In this research, plant and fungal kingdoms were selected to obtain the enzyme-assisted extracts, using green synthesized AgNPs. For the synthesis, pseudo-cereal Fagopyrum esculentum (F. esculentum) and lichen Certaria islandica (C. islandica) extracts were used as environmentally-friendly agents under heating in an aqueous solution. Raw and enzyme-assisted extracts of AgNPs were characterized by physicochemical, phytochemical, and morphological characteristics through scanning and transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM), as well as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The synthesized nanoparticles were spherical in shape and well dispersed, with average sizes ranging from 10 to 50 nm. This study determined the total phenolic content (TPC) and in vitro antioxidant activity in both materials by applying standard methods. The results showed that TPC, ABTS•+, FRAP, and DPPH• radical scavenging activities varied greatly in samples. The AgNPs derived from enzymatic hydrolyzed aqueous extracts C. islandica and F. esculentum exhibited higher antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial pathogens than their respective crude extracts. Results indicate that the extracts’ biomolecules covering the AgNPs may enhance the biological activity of silver nanoparticles and enzyme assistance as a sustainable additive to technological processes to achieve higher yields and necessary media components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aistė Balčiūnaitienė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (P.Š.); (V.P.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +370-60289485
| | - Paulina Štreimikytė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (P.Š.); (V.P.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Viktorija Puzerytė
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (P.Š.); (V.P.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Jonas Viškelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (P.Š.); (V.P.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
| | - Žaneta Štreimikytė-Mockeliūnė
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių g. 2, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (Ž.Š.-M.); (Ž.M.)
| | - Žaneta Maželienė
- Institute of Microbiology and Virology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eivenių g. 2, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania; (Ž.Š.-M.); (Ž.M.)
| | | | - Pranas Viškelis
- Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Institute of Horticulture, 54333 Babtai, Lithuania; (P.Š.); (V.P.); (J.V.); (P.V.)
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Puzerytė V, Viškelis P, Balčiūnaitienė A, Štreimikytė P, Viškelis J, Urbonavičienė D. Aralia cordata Thunb. as a Source of Bioactive Compounds: Phytochemical Composition and Antioxidant Activity. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:1704. [PMID: 35807656 PMCID: PMC9269114 DOI: 10.3390/plants11131704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant primary and secondary metabolites are a significant source for many applications, including extractions of functional components, green synthesis development, and producing higher-added value products. However, in the variety of botanicals, Aralia cordata Thunb. plant is getting attention for its similarity to ginseng. This study comprehensively examines the biochemical and phytochemical profiles of different A. cordata morphological parts: root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, berry, and seed. Additionally, the establishment of total phenolic content and quantitative analysis of powerful antioxidants such as chlorophyll, carotenoids (zeaxanthin, lutein, and β-carotene), proanthocyanidins, and anthocyanins content were evaluated. The results indicated that A. cordata stem and berries are an excellent source of anthocyanins in the range from 18.27 to 78.54 mg/100 g DW. Meanwhile, the antioxidant activity was evaluated using three different methods based on the capacity to scavenge: DPPH• scavenging capacity, ABTS•+ radical cation assay, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and ranged from 27 to 168 µmol TE/g DW, 8 to 117 µmol TE/g DW, and 18 to 157 µmol TE/g DW, respectively. This study proposes a novel competitive plant for many health-promoting applications in the nutraceutical, pharmaceutical, material, and food industries.
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Chromatographic Profile and Redox-Modulating Capacity of Methanol Extract from Seeds of Ginkgo biloba L. Originating from Plovdiv Region in Bulgaria. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12060878. [PMID: 35743909 PMCID: PMC9228083 DOI: 10.3390/life12060878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress underlies the pathogenesis of many diseases, which determines the interest in natural substances with antioxidant properties. Ginkgo biloba L. leaves are well known and widely used in the pharmaceutical industry, but the therapeutic properties of the seeds are less studied. This study aimed to identify the chromatographic profile and to evaluate the antioxidant properties of methanol extract from seeds of G. biloba (GBSE). In the GBSE, flavonoids and terpenes were found as terpenes predominated. The GBSE antioxidant capacity determined by 2,2 azino-bis (3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) and 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) methods were equal to 1.34% and 0.58% of the activity of reference substance Trolox, respectively. The results of the ferric reducing antioxidant power method showed that the effect of concentration 1 mg/mL (w/v) GBSE was equal to 7.418 mM FeSO4 used as a standard. The cupric reducing antioxidant capacity activity of the GBSE was found to be 215.39 µmol Trolox/g GBSE and is presented as Trolox equivalent. The metal chelation effect of 1 mg/mL (w/v) GBSE was equal to that obtained for 0.018 mM EDTA. In conclusion, GBSE showed a good ability to neutralize ABTS and DPPH radicals and could have a beneficial effect in pathological conditions with oxidative stress etiology.
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Karimifar P, Saei-Dehkordi SS, Izadi Z. Antibacterial, antioxidative and sensory properties of Ziziphora clinopodioides–Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil nanoencapsulated using sodium alginate in raw lamb burger patties. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Effect of Flaking and Precooking Procedures on Antioxidant Potential of Selected Ancient Cereal and Legume Flours. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111592. [PMID: 35681346 PMCID: PMC9180556 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Consumption of cereals (and particularly ancient cereals) is considered the base of a healthy diet, and all current dietary guidelines have cereals at the bottom of the nutrition pyramid. Together with cereals, legumes are an excellent source of nutrients and nutraceuticals. The effects of agroindustrial pretreatments (flaking and precooking processes) on the antioxidant potential of flours from ancient cereals and legumes were studied. The extraction of free hydrophilic phenolic compounds was carried out in a hydroalcoholic solvent mixture via an ultrasound-assisted process. Furthermore, the solid residue was successively hydrolyzed by an alkaline solution to extract the bound phenolic fraction. Both free and bound extracted fractions were then quantitatively characterized for total polyphenolic and flavonoid contents, and the antioxidant potential was determined by carrying out the ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assays, expressing the results (in both cases) as the Trolox equivalent antioxidant capacity (TEAC/ABTS and TEAC/DPPH, respectively). The samples were also extracted in organic apolar solvents (acetone or water-saturated iso-butanol) to quantitatively characterize lipophilic antioxidant compounds and pigments. A discussion on the comparison of these analytical parameters of flours obtained from raw, flaked, and precooked cereals and legumes is reported revealing that (i) phenolic compounds are mainly present in the post-hydrolysis extract (bound fraction), (ii) the precooking process significantly reduced the concentration of antioxidants, (iii) the flaking process slightly increased the phenolic content, (iv) legumes were less influenced by pretreatments, suggesting the possibility of using legumes to enrich cereal foods.
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Saleem F, Mehmood R, Khan TJ, Hassen SU, Maher S, Ahmad S, Perveen S, Azeem M. Physicochemical and Bioassay Directed GC-MS Analyses of Chloroform Extract of Pteris cretica L. Pharm Chem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11094-022-02648-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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In Vitro Study of the Biological Potential of Wastewater Obtained after the Distillation of Four Bulgarian Oil-Bearing Roses. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11081073. [PMID: 35448801 PMCID: PMC9028495 DOI: 10.3390/plants11081073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The wastewater after rose oil distillation is usually discharged into the drainage systems and it represents a serious environmental problem. While being rich in polyphenols, which have beneficial biological activity and application in the pharmaceutical industry, limited research has been carried out about the biological activity of the specific wastewaters per se. Wastewaters after distillation of the four Bulgarian oil-bearing roses Rosa damascena Mill., R. alba L., R. centifolia L., and R. gallica L. exerted significant antioxidant activity and good antiherpes simplex virus type-1 (HSV-1) activity while maintaining a good toxicological safety profile (low cytotoxic effect) towards normal cell lines. More precisely, the non-tumorigenic cells were a human (HEK-293 embryonic kidney cells) and a mouse cell line (CCL-1 fibroblasts, which are recommended as a standard for cytotoxicity evaluation in Annex C of ISO 10993-5). The concentrations that achieved antioxidant and radical scavenging effects (0.04–0.92% v/v) were much lower than most of the maximum tolerated concentrations for the tissue culture cells (0.2–3.4% v/v). The wastewaters had a weak antiproliferative effect against Staphylococcus aureus. None of the wastewaters had activity against Gram-negative bacteria or a bactericidal or antifungal effect. We can conclude that these four species, which are the most preferred species worldwide for producing high-quality rose oil, have the potential to be developed as promising antioxidant and antiherpesvirus nutraceuticals.
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Chatur P, Johnson S, Coorey R, Bhattarai RR, Bennett SJ. The Effect of High Pressure Processing on Textural, Bioactive and Digestibility Properties of Cooked Kimberley Large Kabuli Chickpeas. Front Nutr 2022; 9:847877. [PMID: 35464029 PMCID: PMC9023011 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.847877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
High pressure processing is a non-thermal method for preservation of various foods while retaining nutritional value and can be utilized for the development of ready-to-eat products. This original research investigated the effects of high pressure processing for development of a ready-to eat chickpea product using Australian kabuli chickpeas. Three pressure levels (200, 400, and 600 MPA) and two treatment times (1 and 5 min) were selected to provide six distinct samples. When compared to the conventionally cooked chickpeas, high pressure processed chickpeas had a more desirable texture due to decrease in firmness, chewiness, and gumminess. The general nutrient composition and individual mineral content were not affected by high pressure processing, however, a significant increase in the slowly digestible starch from 50.53 to 60.92 g/100 g starch and a concomitant decrease in rapidly digestible starch (11.10-8.73 g/100 g starch) as well as resistant starch (50.53-30.35 g/100 g starch) content was observed. Increased starch digestibility due to high pressure processing was recorded, whereas in vitro protein digestibility was unaffected. Significant effects of high pressure processing on the polyphenol content and antioxidant activities (DPPH, ABTS and ORAC) were observed, with the sample treated at the highest pressure for the longest duration (600 MPa, 5 min) showing the lowest values. These findings suggest that high pressure processing could be utilized to produce a functional, ready to eat kabuli chickpea product with increased levels of beneficial slowly digestible starch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakhar Chatur
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Stuart Johnson
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Ingredients by Design Pty Ltd., Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Ranil Coorey
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | | | - Sarita Jane Bennett
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
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Evaluation of pure antioxidative capacity of antioxidants: ESR spectroscopy of stable radicals by DPPH and ABTS assays with singular value decomposition. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Making of Massoia Lactone-Loaded and Food-Grade Nanoemulsions and Their Bioactivities against a Pathogenic Yeast. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jmse10030339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoemulsions (NEs) have been made for improving the delivery and disperse of bioactive compounds. In this study, it was found that the best ingredients for the stable Massoia lactone-loaded and food-grade NEs making were 560.0 µL of Tween-80, 240.0 µL of Span-80 and 200.0 µL of Massoia lactone. Then, 9.0 mL of distilled water was titrated into the mixture under continuous magnetic stirring (750 rotations min−1) with about 2 drops per second for 20 min. Finally, the system was treated by ultrasonication using an ultrasonic generator (180 W and 22 KHz) for 5 min. All the prepared particles with a mean droplet diameter of 43 nm were spherical, had uniform size distribution and were equally distributed in the Massoia lactone-loaded NEs. The obtained Massoia lactone-loaded nanoemulsions (NEs) were very stable without changes of the mean droplet diameter and polydispersity indexes (PDI) for over two months under different conditions. As with free Massoia lactone, Massoia lactone loaded in the NEs had high anti-fungal activity against Metschnikowia bicuspidate LIAO, a pathogenic yeast causing milky disease in the Chinese mitten crab by damaging its cell membrane and causing cellular necrosis. Massoia lactone loaded in the NEs also had the DPPH radical scavenging activity and the hydroxyl radical scavenging activity.
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Cele NP, Akinola SA, Manhivi VE, Shoko T, Remize F, Sivakumar D. Influence of Lactic Acid Bacterium Strains on Changes in Quality, Functional Compounds and Volatile Compounds of Mango Juice from Different Cultivars during Fermentation. Foods 2022; 11:foods11050682. [PMID: 35267315 PMCID: PMC8909300 DOI: 10.3390/foods11050682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of lactic acid fermentation using Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 75 (L75), Leuconostoc pseudomesenteroides 56 (L56) and its combination (L56 + 75) on the quality, bioactive and volatile compounds of mango juices (MJ) from three cultivars (‘Peach’, ‘Sabre’ and ‘Tommy Atkins’) were investigated. Fermented and unfermented MJ were evaluated for LAB growth, physicochemical parameters, volatile compounds, antioxidants activities (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP methods), total phenolic content (TPC) and sensory properties. The unfermented juices served as a control. Twenty-four-hour fermentation was ideal for MJ based on LAB growth profiles. Generally, titratable acidity, TPC, FRAP, DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities significantly increased with fermentation by the L75 strain and were highest in the L75-fermented ‘Sabre’ MJ, while L75-fermented ‘Peach’ MJ had higher ABTS activity (p < 0.05). In contrast, the L56 strain enhanced β-carotene retention, with improved colour properties in L56-fermented ‘Peach’ MJ. Fermentation with L75 in ‘Sabre’ and ‘Peach’ MJ aided the synthesis of new volatile compounds (alcohols, esters, ketones and aldehydes). A PLS-DA scatter plot showed two clusters separating the ‘Peach’ and ‘Sabre’ mango juice fermented with L75 from the rest. Based on the variable importance of the projection value (VIP) scores, pentadecane, 8-hexyl and butyl isobutyrate were shown as marker candidates to distinguish ‘Peach’ and ‘Sabre’ MJ fermented with L75 from the other treatments, whereas ethyl octanoate and isobutyl acetate differentiated the ‘Sabre’ MJ fermented with L75 from the other treatments. ‘Sabre’ and ‘Peach’ MJ fermented with L75 and L56 could provide antioxidants, meeting the recommended daily requirements for ascorbic acid and carotenoids in adults and teenagers. Hence, lactic acid fermentation of these local cultivars is a way to benefit consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobahle P. Cele
- Phytochemical Food Network Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.C.); (S.A.A.); (V.E.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Stephen A. Akinola
- Phytochemical Food Network Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.C.); (S.A.A.); (V.E.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Vimbainashe E. Manhivi
- Phytochemical Food Network Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.C.); (S.A.A.); (V.E.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Tinotenda Shoko
- Phytochemical Food Network Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.C.); (S.A.A.); (V.E.M.); (T.S.)
| | - Fabienne Remize
- INRAE, Institut Agro Montpellier, SupAgro et, Université de Montpellier, F-34000 Montpellier, France;
- Qualisud, Chemin de l’lrat, Université La Réunion, F-97410 Saint Pierre, France
| | - Dharini Sivakumar
- Phytochemical Food Network Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa; (N.P.C.); (S.A.A.); (V.E.M.); (T.S.)
- Correspondence:
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Mervić M, Bival Štefan M, Kindl M, Blažeković B, Marijan M, Vladimir-Knežević S. Comparative Antioxidant, Anti-Acetylcholinesterase and Anti-α-Glucosidase Activities of Mediterranean Salvia Species. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11050625. [PMID: 35270095 PMCID: PMC8912324 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Salvia species have a cosmopolitan distribution and comprise several well-known plants valuable for pharmaceutical and food industries due to their recognized medicinal, food flavouring, and preservative properties. The present study aimed to evaluate and compare the biological activities of seven wild-growing Salvia species from the Mediterranean area (S. fruticosa, S. glutinosa, S. nemorosa, S. officinalis, S. pratensis, S. sclarea, S. verticillata). All studied ethanolic leaf extracts exhibited significant DPPH and NO radical scavenging ability, lipid peroxidation inhibition, and reducing power, as well as moderate iron-chelating properties. Together with S. officinalis and S. fruticosa, S. verticillata showed anti-acetylcholinesterase activity, while S. glutinosa was also found to possess the ability to inhibit α-glucosidase. Total flavonoid (0.37-0.90%), phenolic acid (3.55-12.44%), tannin (1.22-2.60%), and anthocyanin contents (0.03-0.08%) were determined in Salvia leaves. Rosmarinic acid was the predominant hydroxycinnamic acid in all studied sage plants, ranging from 9400 to 38,800 μg/g. The correlation study showed a strong relationship between biological activities and contents of total phenolic acids, total tannins, and rosmarinic acid, indicating their significant contribution to the efficiency of tested Salvia species. Our results highlighted Mediterranean sage plants as rich sources of potent antioxidant, neuroprotective, and hypoglycemic agents which are worthy of further research.
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Khalid M, Alqarni MH, Alsayari A, Foudah AI, Aljarba TM, Mukim M, Alamri MA, Abullais SS, Wahab S. Anti-Diabetic Activity of Bioactive Compound Extracted from Spondias mangifera Fruit: In-Vitro and Molecular Docking Approaches. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11040562. [PMID: 35214895 PMCID: PMC8880729 DOI: 10.3390/plants11040562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Spondias mangifera is a drupaceous fruit popular for its flavour and health advantages. There is little scientific knowledge about S. mangifera, despite its widespread usage in traditional medicine, in the North-Eastern region of India. Inhibiting the key carbohydrate hydrolysing enzymes is one of the strategies for managing diabetes. Therefore, this study studied the antioxidant and anti-diabetic properties of different fraction S. mangifera fruit extract (SMFFs) from Indian geographical origin by in vitro experimental assays and silico docking simulation studies. The ADMET prediction for active substances was also investigated using the AdmetSAR database. Based on the binding affinity/molecular interactions between phytocompounds and target enzymes, in silico investigations were done to confirm the in vitro enzymatic inhibitory capability. β-sitosterol in EtOH-F was analysed using RP-HPLC with RP-C18 column as stationary phase and photo diode array detector. The percentage of β-sitosterol was found to be 1.21% ± 0.17% of total weight of extract (w/w). S. mangifera fruit ethanolic extract had a significant inhibitory concentration of 50% against free radicals produced by ABTS (89.71 ± 2.73%) and lipid peroxidation assay (88.26 ± 2.17%) tests. Similarly, the in vitro antidiabetic test findings indicated that S. mangifera inhibited alpha-amylase (73.42 ± 2.01%) and alpha-glucosidase (79.23 ± 1.98%) enzymes dose-dependently. The maximum glycosylated Hb percentage inhibitory activity shown in the ethanolic fraction was (83.97 ± 2.88%) at 500 µg/mL. The glucose uptake of the ethanolic fraction by the yeast cell showed significant (p < 0.05) at 500 µg/mL when compared with metformin (91.37 ± 1.59%), whereas the other fraction did not show the uptake of glucose by the yeast cell at the same concentration. In the docking study, the main phytoconstituents of S. mangifera fruit, such as oleanolic acid, beta-sitosterol, and beta amyrin, show strong affinity for pancreatic α-amylase. These results imply that S. mangifera has α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory properties and may be used as antidiabetic with antioxidant characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Khalid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.A.); (A.I.F.); (T.M.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Mohammed H. Alqarni
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.A.); (A.I.F.); (T.M.A.)
| | - Abdulrhman Alsayari
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (S.W.)
| | - Ahmed I. Foudah
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.A.); (A.I.F.); (T.M.A.)
| | - Tariq M. Aljarba
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 173, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia; (M.H.A.); (A.I.F.); (T.M.A.)
| | - Mohammad Mukim
- Department of Pharmacology, Kota College of Pharmacy, Kota 324005, Rajasthan, India;
| | - Mubarak A. Alamri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shahabe Saquib Abullais
- Department of Periodontics and Community Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Shadma Wahab
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia; (A.A.); (S.W.)
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Multescu M, Marinas IC, Susman IE, Belc N. Byproducts (Flour, Meals, and Groats) from the Vegetable Oil Industry as a Potential Source of Antioxidants. Foods 2022; 11:foods11030253. [PMID: 35159405 PMCID: PMC8834571 DOI: 10.3390/foods11030253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study presents the use of photochemiluminescence assay (PCL) and 2,2 diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS), the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and cupric ion reducing antioxidant capacity (CUPRAC) methods for the measurement of lipid-soluble antioxidant capacity (ACL) of 14 different byproducts obtained from the vegetable oil industry (flour, meals, and groats). The research showed that the analyzed samples contain significant amounts of phenolic compounds between 1.54 and 74.85 mg gallic acid per gram of byproduct. Grape seed flour extract had the highest content of total phenolic compounds, 74.85 mg GAE/g, while the lowest level was obtained for the sunflower groats, 1.54 mg GAE/g. DPPH values varied between 7.58 and 7182.53 mg Trolox/g of byproduct, and the highest antioxidant capacity corresponded to the grape seed flour (7182.53 mg Trolox/g), followed by walnut flour (1257.49 mg Trolox/g) and rapeseed meals (647.29 mg Trolox/g). Values of ABTS assay of analyzed samples were between 0 and 3500.52 mg Trolox/g of byproduct. Grape seed flour had the highest value of ABTS (3500.52 mg Trolox/g), followed by walnut flower (1423.98) and sea buckthorn flour (419.46). The highest values for FRAP method were represented by grape seed flour (4716.75 mg Trolox/g), followed by sunflower meals (1350.86 mg Trolox/g) and rapeseed flour (1034.92 mg Trolox/g). For CUPRAC assay, grape seed flour (5936.76 mg Trolox/g) and walnut flour (1202.75 mg Trolox/g) showed the highest antioxidant activity. To assess which method of determining antioxidant activity is most appropriate for the byproducts analyzed, relative antioxidant capacity index (RACI) was calculated. Depending on the RACI value of the analyzed byproducts, the rank of antioxidant capacity ranged from −209.46 (walnut flour) to 184.20 (grape seed flour). The most sensitive methods in developing RACI were FRAP (r = 0.5795) and DPPH (r = 0.5766), followed by CUPRAC (r = 0.5578) and ABTS (r = 0.4449), respectively. Strong positive correlations between the antioxidant capacity of lipid-soluble compounds measured by PCL and other methods used for determining antioxidant activity were found (r > 0.9). Analyses have shown that the different types of byproducts obtained from the vegetable oil industry have a high antioxidant activity rich in phenolic compounds, and thus their use in bakery products can improve their nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihaela Multescu
- National Institute of Research and Development for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (I.E.S.); (N.B.)
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | | | - Iulia Elena Susman
- National Institute of Research and Development for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (I.E.S.); (N.B.)
- Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Nastasia Belc
- National Institute of Research and Development for Food Bioresources—IBA Bucharest, 020323 Bucharest, Romania; (I.E.S.); (N.B.)
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Rapid quality evaluation of Plantaginis Semen by near infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 207:114435. [PMID: 34715582 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2021.114435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a rapid and comprehensive method for the quality evaluation of Plantaginis Semen (PS) by using near-infrared spectroscopy combined with chemometrics to determine the content of geniposidic acid (GEA), verbascoside (VE), isoverbascoside (IVE) and total flavonoids (TF) in PS, as well as the antioxidant activity (AOA). METHODS The content of GEA, VE and IVE in PS were determined by HPLC, the content of TF in PS was determined by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, and the AOA of PS was characterized by the DPPH, ABTS and FRAP, respectively. Then, the measured values of each item were used as reference values and were correlated with the near infrared spectra of PS. Seven quantitative models were established by the partial least squares regression. A variety of spectral preprocessing, such as standard normal variation (SNV), multiplicative scatter correction (MSC), Savitzky-Golay smoothing (SG), derivative and their combination methods, were investigated. In addition, genetic algorithm (GA), particle swarm optimization (PSO), as well as competitive adaptive reweighted sampling (CARS) were also compared. All samples were divided into a calibration set and a prediction set at the ratio of 3:1 by the descending order of reference values. The coefficients of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and residual predictive deviation (RPD) were calculated to evaluate model performance. RESULTS After optimization, the performance of each model was greatly improved, where the R2 for calibration and prediction were both greater than 0.8, the RPD were both greater than 2. Such satisfactory results indicated that the present models had good prediction accuracy. CONCLUSION Quantitative models based on near infrared spectroscopy were herein established, which proved to be able to quickly and accurately determine the content of GEA, VE and IVE and TF, as well as AOA in PS, and which might provide a new method for rapid and comprehensive quality evaluation of PS.
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Oliveira-Alves S, Lourenço S, Anjos O, Fernandes TA, Caldeira I, Catarino S, Canas S. Influence of the Storage in Bottle on the Antioxidant Activities and Related Chemical Characteristics of Wine Spirits Aged with Chestnut Staves and Micro-Oxygenation. Molecules 2021; 27:molecules27010106. [PMID: 35011336 PMCID: PMC8796032 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Different ageing technology of wine spirits (WSs) has been investigated, but little has been published on the chemical evolution of aged WS during storage in bottle. The purpose of this study was to examine how 12 months of storage in bottle affected the evolution of antioxidant activity (DPPH, FRAP and ABTS assays), total phenolic index (TPI) and low molecular weight (LMW) compounds content of the WSs aged through alternative technology using three micro-oxygenation levels (MOX) and nitrogen control (N). Results revealed the ability of phenolic compounds from aged WSs to scavenge free radicals during storage in bottle. Among the in vitro antioxidant-activity methods, FRAP assay was the more effective to differentiate WSs according to the ageing technology. Concerning the overall influence of storage in bottle on antioxidant activity, and TPI and LMW compounds content, the higher results were obtained for the MOX modalities (O15, O30 and O60), which showed a similar evolution. In summary, this study provides innovative information, demonstrating that the differences between the aged WSs imparted throughout the ageing process (resulting from different MOX levels) were mostly retained, and only slight modifications during storage in bottle were found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheila Oliveira-Alves
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Polo de Dois Portos, Quinta de Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal; (S.L.); (I.C.)
- Correspondence: (S.O.-A.); (S.C.)
| | - Sílvia Lourenço
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Polo de Dois Portos, Quinta de Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal; (S.L.); (I.C.)
| | - Ofélia Anjos
- Instituto Politécnico de Castelo Branco, Quinta da Senhora de Mércules, 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal;
- CEF—Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal
- Centro de Biotecnologia de Plantas da Beira Interior, Quinta da Senhora de Mércules, 6001-909 Castelo Branco, Portugal
| | - Tiago A. Fernandes
- CQE—Centro de Química Estrutural, Associação do Instituto Superior Técnico para a Investigação e Desenvolvimento (IST-ID), Universidade de Lisboa, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal;
- DCeT—Departamento de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Aberta, Rua da Escola Politécnica, 141-147, 1269-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ilda Caldeira
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Polo de Dois Portos, Quinta de Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal; (S.L.); (I.C.)
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Polo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Evora, Portugal
| | - Sofia Catarino
- LEAF—Linking Landscape, Environment, Agriculture and Food Research Center, Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa, Portugal;
- CEFEMA—Center of Physics and Engineering of Advanced Materials, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Sara Canas
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária, Polo de Dois Portos, Quinta de Almoinha, 2565-191 Dois Portos, Portugal; (S.L.); (I.C.)
- MED—Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development, Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, Universidade de Évora, Polo da Mitra, Ap. 94, 7006-554 Evora, Portugal
- Correspondence: (S.O.-A.); (S.C.)
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Li F, Zhao J, Wei Y, Jiao X, Li Q. Holistic review of polysaccharides isolated from pumpkin: Preparation methods, structures and bioactivities. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 193:541-552. [PMID: 34656536 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.10.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Pumpkin polysaccharides have arrested researchers' attention in fields of food supplements for healthy product and traditional Chinese medicine due to their multiple bioactivities with non-toxic and highly biocompatible. This review emphatically summarized recent progresses in the primary and spatial structural features, various bioactivities, structure-to-function associations, different preparation techniques, and absorption characteristics across intestinal epithelial and in vivo bio-distribution of pumpkin polysaccharides. Additionally, current challenges and future trends in development of pumpkin polysaccharides were pointed out. We found that pumpkin polysaccharides were primary structure (e.g. glucan, galactoglucan, galactomannan, galactan, homogalacturonan (HG), and rhamnogalacturonan-Ι (RG-Ι)) and special structure diverse (e.g. hollow helix, linear, and sphere-like) and significant functional foods or therapeutic agents (e.g. oral hypoglycemic agents). Moreover, we found that the molecular weight (Mw), uronic acid, linkage types, and modifications all could affect their bioactivities (e.g. anti-oxidant, anti-coagulant, and anti-diabetic activities), and pumpkin polysaccharides may across intestinal epithelial into the blood reaching to target organs. Collectively, the structures diversity and pharmacological values of pumpkin polysaccharides support their therapeutic potentials and sanitarian functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yunlu Wei
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xu Jiao
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Quanhong Li
- College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; National Engineering Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Beijing 100083, China.
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Wattanapitayakul SK, Kunchana K, Jarisarapurin W, Chularojmontri L. Screening of potential tropical fruits in protecting endothelial dysfunction in vitro. Food Nutr Res 2021; 65:7807. [PMID: 34539312 PMCID: PMC8432071 DOI: 10.29219/fnr.v65.7807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background High consumption of antioxidant-rich fruits and vegetables reduces the endothelial damage involved in cardiovascular disease pathogenesis. Objective To evaluate the phytochemical content, antioxidant and scavenging activities (FRAP, ORAC, OH•, HOCl, H2O2, and O2 -), endothelial H2O2-cytoprotective effect, nitric oxide (NO) release activation potential, and endothelial wound healing properties of 10 tropical fruits, comprising pineapple, sugar apple, papaya fruit, longan, mangosteen, lychee, langsat, mango, rambutan, and guava. Design Experimental study. The experiments were conducted in vitro using endothelial cell line EA.hy926. Results The high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) phytochemical analysis indicated the presence of gallic acid and quercetin in all fruits, along with the overall absence of ellagic acid. Chlorogenic acid was only detected in three fruits, that is, pineapple, ripe papaya, and guava. The antioxidant and scavenging activities of all fruits were concentration-dependent. Only the H2O2 scavenging activity exhibited broad positive associations with other ROS-scavenging activities. Sugar apple and unripe papaya induced a significant reduction in H2O2-induced cell death in endothelial cells while pineapple, sugar apple, longan, and langsat activated NO release. Discussion All the studied tropical fruits contained bioactive phytoantioxidants with wide ranges of antioxidant capacity and scavenging activities. The endothelial functional tests were relevant to the screening for fruits that may benefit cardiovascular health. Among the four fruits that promoted endothelial wound closure, only sugar apple and unripe papaya induced cell migration and vascular capillary-like tube formation. Conclusion Sugar apple and unripe papaya are potential functional fruits that can protect against oxidative cell death and enhance endothelial wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Khwandow Kunchana
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Srinakharinwirot University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Linda Chularojmontri
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Bangkok, Thailand
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Tziveleka LA, Tammam MA, Tzakou O, Roussis V, Ioannou E. Metabolites with Antioxidant Activity from Marine Macroalgae. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:1431. [PMID: 34573063 PMCID: PMC8470618 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack biological molecules, such as lipids, proteins, enzymes, DNA, and RNA, causing cellular and tissue damage. Hence, the disturbance of cellular antioxidant homeostasis can lead to oxidative stress and the onset of a plethora of diseases. Macroalgae, growing in stressful conditions under intense exposure to UV radiation, have developed protective mechanisms and have been recognized as an important source of secondary metabolites and macromolecules with antioxidant activity. In parallel, the fact that many algae can be cultivated in coastal areas ensures the provision of sufficient quantities of fine chemicals and biopolymers for commercial utilization, rendering them a viable source of antioxidants. This review focuses on the progress made concerning the discovery of antioxidant compounds derived from marine macroalgae, covering the literature up to December 2020. The present report presents the antioxidant potential and biogenetic origin of 301 macroalgal metabolites, categorized according to their chemical classes, highlighting the mechanisms of antioxidative action when known.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leto-Aikaterini Tziveleka
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Mohamed A. Tammam
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
| | - Olga Tzakou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Vassilios Roussis
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
| | - Efstathia Ioannou
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece; (L.-A.T.); (M.A.T.); (O.T.); (V.R.)
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47
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Azizi-Lalabadi M, Rahimzadeh-Sani Z, Feng J, Hosseini H, Jafari SM. The impact of essential oils on the qualitative properties, release profile, and stimuli-responsiveness of active food packaging nanocomposites. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:1822-1845. [PMID: 34486886 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1971154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Food industries attempt to introduce a new food packaging by blending essential oils (EOs) into the polymeric matrix as an active packaging, which has great ability to preserve the quality of food and increase its shelf life by releasing active compounds within storage. The main point in designing the active packaging is controlled-release of active substances for their enhanced activity. Biopolymers are functional substances, which suggest structural integrity to sense external stimuli like temperature, pH, or ionic strength. The controlled release of EOs from active packaging and their stimuli-responsive properties can be very important for practical applications of these novel biocomposites. EOs can affect the uniformity of the polymeric matrix and physical and structural characteristics of the composites, such as moisture content, solubility in water, water vapor transmission rate, elongation at break, and tensile strength. To measure the ingredients of EOs and their migration from food packaging, chromatographic methods can be used. A head-space-solid phase micro-extraction coupled to gas chromatography (HS-SPME-GC-MS) technique is as a good process for evaluating the release of Eos. Therefore, the aims of this review were to evaluate the qualitative characteristics, release profile, and stimuli-responsiveness of active and smart food packaging nanocomposites loaded with essential oils and developing such multi-faceted packaging for advanced applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Azizi-Lalabadi
- Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Zeinab Rahimzadeh-Sani
- Nutrition Research Center, Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jianguo Feng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Hamed Hosseini
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Golestan University, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Seid Mahdi Jafari
- Department of Food Materials and Process Design Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Science and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
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Jancikova S, Dordevic D, Tesikova K, Antonic B, Tremlova B. Active Edible Films Fortified with Natural Extracts: Case Study with Fresh-Cut Apple Pieces. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11090684. [PMID: 34564501 PMCID: PMC8467745 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11090684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main aim of the study was to prepare the edible films based on carrageenan/chitosan and incorporate them into the following matrices: the natural extracts of Clitoria ternatea, Brassica oleracea, and Ipomea batatas. The films were characterized by TPC (total polyphenols content), antioxidant activity, and textural properties. Experimentally produced films were added in the packaging of freshly cut apple pieces, and the apple pieces were dipped into the films produced from carrageenan and chitosan. The appearance of the samples was monitored, as were antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content. The intelligent properties of films were evaluated too. The polymer type used for the preparation had the highest impact on the prepared films, and CHLCZ (red cabbage extract-Brassica oleracea) featured the best antioxidant activity. The intelligent properties were slightly confirmed in samples with the addition of red cabbage. The main finding was that the coating of fresh-cut apples emphasized the possibility to use a carrageenan matrix with the addition of extracts. The samples immersed in this coating type showed higher antioxidant activity as well as a superior color when compared to that of chitosan coated apple samples.
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Bang IH, Kim YE, Min SC. Preservation of mandarins using a microbial decontamination system integrating calcium oxide solution washing, modified atmosphere packaging, and dielectric barrier discharge cold plasma treatment. Food Packag Shelf Life 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fpsl.2021.100682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Paiva RAM, Mutz YS, Conte-Junior CA. A Review on the Obtaining of Functional Beers by Addition of Non-Cereal Adjuncts Rich in Antioxidant Compounds. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10091332. [PMID: 34572969 PMCID: PMC8470327 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10091332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Beer is one of the oldest and most consumed beverages worldwide, and recent trends point to increased consumption of functional beers. However, there is a lack in the scientific literature on the effects of adding functional adjuncts in distinct steps of the manufacturing process and its implications on the final physicochemical and sensorial profile. Therefore, the present review analyzes the ingredients used and their insertion stage to achieve a functional beer with bioactive compounds, higher antioxidant activity, and improved sensory characteristics. The addition of fruits, herbal extracts, plants, and mushrooms in beers was documented. Furthermore, adjuncts were successfully added in wort boiling, fermentation, maturation, and packaging. The wort boiling step stands out among these four due to the superior extraction of phenolic compounds from the added adjuncts. On the other hand, adjunct addition in the maturation step induced low increases in antioxidant and phenolic content of the respective enriched beers. Fruits represented the majority of adopted adjuncts among the studies evaluated. Furthermore, the addition of fruits represented a positive increment in the beer’s volatile profile and an increase in sensory acceptability. A gap in the literature was found regarding the analysis of phenolic compounds with appropriate techniques such as HPLC-MS. Furthermore, there is a need to study the bioavailability of the incorporated bioactive compounds to prove the health claims inferred about these beers. In conclusion, functional beers are a little-explored relevant field, with potential for new studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo A. M. Paiva
- Center for Food Analysis, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Avenida Horácio Macedo 1281, Polo de Química, Bloco C, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
| | - Yhan S. Mutz
- Center for Food Analysis, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Avenida Horácio Macedo 1281, Polo de Química, Bloco C, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Correspondence: (Y.S.M.); (C.A.C.-J.); Tel.: +55-21-3938-7824 (C.A.C.-J.)
| | - Carlos A. Conte-Junior
- Center for Food Analysis, Technological Development Support Laboratory (LADETEC), Avenida Horácio Macedo 1281, Polo de Química, Bloco C, Ilha do Fundão, Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-598, Brazil;
- Graduate Program in Food Science (PPGCAL), Institute of Chemistry (IQ), Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Cidade Universitária, Rio de Janeiro 21941-909, Brazil
- Correspondence: (Y.S.M.); (C.A.C.-J.); Tel.: +55-21-3938-7824 (C.A.C.-J.)
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