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Cheng HP, Bao XW, Luo YY, Li YH, Zhou Y, Hua QZ, Qiu YJ, Liang XY, Huang YH, Liu W, Tang SY, Feng DD, Li C, Luo ZQ. Sulfasalazine ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 169:106530. [PMID: 38246263 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Acute lung injury/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ALI/ARDS) has a high mortality rate and incidence of complications. The pathophysiology of ALI/ARDS is still not fully understood. The lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced mouse model of ALI has been widely used to study human ALI/ARDS. Sulfasalazine (SASP) has antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effects and is used for treating inflammatory bowel and rheumatic diseases. However, the effect of SASP on LPS-induced ALI in mice has not yet been reported. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of SASP on LPS-induced ALI in mice. Mice were intraperitoneally injected with SASP 2 h before or 4 h after LPS modeling. Pulmonary pathological damage was measured based on inflammatory factor expression (malondialdehyde and superoxide dismutase levels) in the lung tissue homogenate and alveolar lavage fluid. The production of inflammatory cytokines and occurrence of oxidative stress in the lungs induced by LPS were significantly mitigated after the prophylactic and long-term therapeutic administration of SASP, which ameliorated ALI caused by LPS. SASP reduced both the production of inflammatory cytokines and occurrence of oxidative stress in RAW264.7 cells, which respond to LPS. Moreover, its mechanism contributed to the suppression of NF-κB and nuclear translocation. In summary, SASP treatment ameliorates LPS-induced ALI by mediating anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects, which may be attributed to the inhibition of NF-κB activation and promotion of antioxidant defenses. Thus, SASP may be a promising pharmacologic agent for ALI therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Peng Cheng
- Department of Pathology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xing-Wen Bao
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yong-Yu Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yang-Hang Li
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qing-Zhong Hua
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yu-Jia Qiu
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xin-Yue Liang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yan-Hong Huang
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Si-Yuan Tang
- Xiangya Nursing School, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Dan-Dan Feng
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Chen Li
- Department of Physiology, Changzhi Medical College, Changzhi, Shanxi, China.
| | - Zi-Qiang Luo
- Department of Physiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China; Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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Abdollahy A, Salehi M, Mahami S, Bernkop-Schnürch A, Vahedi H, Gharravi AM, Mehrabi M. Therapeutic effect of 5-ASA and hesperidin-loaded chitosan/Eudragit® S100 nanoparticles as a pH-sensitive carrier for local targeted drug delivery in a rat model of ulcerative colitis. Int J Pharm 2024; 652:123838. [PMID: 38266937 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.123838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Revised: 01/20/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an idiopathic disease characterized by colonic mucosal tissue destruction secondary to an excessive immune response. We synthesized pH-sensitive cross-linked chitosan/Eudragit® S100 nanoparticles (EU S100/CS NPs) as carriers for 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and hesperidin (HSP), then conducted in-vitro and in-vivo studies and evaluated the therapeutic effects. In-vitro analysis revealed that the 5-ASA-loaded EU S100/CS NPs and the HSP-loaded EU S100/CS NPs had smooth and curved surfaces and ranged in size between 250 and 300 nm, with a zeta potential of 32 to 34 mV. FTIR analysis demonstrated that the drugs were loaded on the nanoparticles without significant alterations. The loading capacity and encapsulation efficiency of loading 5-ASA onto EU S100/CS NPs were 25.13 % and 60.81 %, respectively. Regarding HSP, these values were 38.34 % and 77.84 %, respectively. Drug release did not occur in simulated gastric fluid (SGF), while a slow-release pattern was recorded for both drugs in simulated intestinal fluid (SIF). In-vivo macroscopic and histopathological examinations revealed that both NPs containing drugs significantly relieved the symptoms of acetic acid (AA)-induced UC in Wistar rats. We conclude that the synthesized pH-sensitive 5-ASA/EU S100/CS NPs and HSP/EU S100/CS NPs offer promise in treating UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Armana Abdollahy
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Majid Salehi
- Department of Tissue Engineering, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Solmaz Mahami
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Andreas Bernkop-Schnürch
- Center for Chemistry and Biomedicine, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Institute of Pharmacy, Leopold-Franzens-University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hamid Vahedi
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Imam Hossein Hospital, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran; Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Anneh Mohammad Gharravi
- Tissue Engineering and Stem Cells Research Center, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
| | - Mohsen Mehrabi
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran.
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3
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Lopes SA, Roque-Borda CA, Duarte JL, Di Filippo LD, Borges Cardoso VM, Pavan FR, Chorilli M, Meneguin AB. Delivery Strategies of Probiotics from Nano- and Microparticles: Trends in the Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease-An Overview. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2600. [PMID: 38004578 PMCID: PMC10674632 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disorder, most known as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD), that affects the gastrointestinal tract (GIT), causing considerable symptoms to millions of people around the world. Conventional therapeutic strategies have limitations and side effects, prompting the exploration of innovative approaches. Probiotics, known for their potential to restore gut homeostasis, have emerged as promising candidates for IBD management. Probiotics have been shown to minimize disease symptoms, particularly in patients affected by UC, opening important opportunities to better treat this disease. However, they exhibit limitations in terms of stability and targeted delivery. As several studies demonstrate, the encapsulation of the probiotics, as well as the synthetic drug, into micro- and nanoparticles of organic materials offers great potential to solve this problem. They resist the harsh conditions of the upper GIT portions and, thus, protect the probiotic and drug inside, allowing for the delivery of adequate amounts directly into the colon. An overview of UC and CD, the benefits of the use of probiotics, and the potential of micro- and nanoencapsulation technologies to improve IBD treatment are presented. This review sheds light on the remarkable potential of nano- and microparticles loaded with probiotics as a novel and efficient strategy for managing IBD. Nonetheless, further investigations and clinical trials are warranted to validate their long-term safety and efficacy, paving the way for a new era in IBD therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sílvio André Lopes
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (S.A.L.); (J.L.D.); (L.D.D.F.); (V.M.B.C.); (F.R.P.); (M.C.)
| | | | - Jonatas Lobato Duarte
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (S.A.L.); (J.L.D.); (L.D.D.F.); (V.M.B.C.); (F.R.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Leonardo Delello Di Filippo
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (S.A.L.); (J.L.D.); (L.D.D.F.); (V.M.B.C.); (F.R.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Vinícius Martinho Borges Cardoso
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (S.A.L.); (J.L.D.); (L.D.D.F.); (V.M.B.C.); (F.R.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Fernando Rogério Pavan
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (S.A.L.); (J.L.D.); (L.D.D.F.); (V.M.B.C.); (F.R.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (S.A.L.); (J.L.D.); (L.D.D.F.); (V.M.B.C.); (F.R.P.); (M.C.)
| | - Andréia Bagliotti Meneguin
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sao Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14800-903, Brazil; (S.A.L.); (J.L.D.); (L.D.D.F.); (V.M.B.C.); (F.R.P.); (M.C.)
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Słoka J, Madej M, Strzalka-Mrozik B. Molecular Mechanisms of the Antitumor Effects of Mesalazine and Its Preventive Potential in Colorectal Cancer. Molecules 2023; 28:5081. [PMID: 37446747 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28135081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoprevention is one of the ways to fight colorectal cancer, which is a huge challenge in oncology. Numerous pieces of evidence indicate that chronic inflammation in the course of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis (UC) is a significant cancer risk factor. Epidemiologic studies suggest that long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including mesalazine, has beneficial effects on colitis-associated colorectal cancer. Mesalazine is a first-line therapy for UC and is also widely used for maintaining remission in UC. Data showed that mesalazine has antiproliferative properties associated with cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibition but can also act through COX-independent pathways. This review summarizes knowledge about mesalazine's molecular mechanisms of action and chemopreventive effect by which it could interfere with colorectal cancer cell proliferation and survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Słoka
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Marcel Madej
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Strzalka-Mrozik
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences in Sosnowiec, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Frountzas M, Karanikki E, Toutouza O, Sotirakis D, Schizas D, Theofilis P, Tousoulis D, Toutouzas KG. Exploring the Impact of Cyanidin-3-Glucoside on Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Investigating New Mechanisms for Emerging Interventions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24119399. [PMID: 37298350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24119399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside (C3G), the most widely distributed anthocyanin (ACN) in edible fruits, has been proposed for several bioactivities, including anti-inflammatory, neuro-protective, antimicrobial, anti-viral, anti-thrombotic and epigenetic actions. However, habitual intake of ACNs and C3G may vary widely among populations, regions, and seasons, among individuals with different education and financial status. The main point of C3G absorption occurs in the small and large bowel. Therefore, it has been supposed that the treating properties of C3G might affect inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD), such as ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). IBDs develop through complex inflammatory pathways and sometimes may be resistant to conventional treatment strategies. C3G presents antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, cytoprotective, and antimicrobial effects useful for IBD management. In particular, different studies have demonstrated that C3G inhibits NF-κB pathway activation. In addition, C3G activates the Nrf2 pathway. On the other hand, it modulates the expression of antioxidant enzymes and cytoprotective proteins, such as NAD(P)H, superoxide dismutase, heme-oxygenase (HO-1), thioredoxin, quinone reductase-oxide 1 (NQO1), catalase, glutathione S-transferase and glutathione peroxidase. Interferon I and II pathways are downregulated by C3G inhibiting interferon-mediating inflammatory cascades. Moreover, C3G reduces reactive species and pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as C reactive protein, interferon-γ, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin (IL)-5, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12p70, and IL-17A in UC and CD patients. Finally, C3G modulates gut microbiota by inducing an increase in beneficial gut bacteria and increasing microbial abundances, thus mitigating dysbiosis. Thus, C3G presents activities that may have potential therapeutic and protective actions against IBD. Still, in the future, clinical trials should be designed to investigate the bioavailability of C3G in IBD patients and the proper therapeutic doses through different sources, aiming to the standardization of the exact clinical outcome and efficacy of C3G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximos Frountzas
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Eva Karanikki
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Hippocration General Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Orsalia Toutouza
- School of Medicine, Imperial College of London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
| | - Demosthenis Sotirakis
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Schizas
- First Department of Surgery, Laikon General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Theofilis
- First Cardiology Department, "Hippocration" General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitris Tousoulis
- First Cardiology Department, "Hippocration" General Hospital, University of Athens Medical School, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos G Toutouzas
- First Propaedeutic Department of Surgery, Hippocration General Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece
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Sulfasalazine and Chromotrope 2B reduce oxidative stress in murine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:4119-4131. [PMID: 36877347 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08321-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND With advancing age of stem cells, dysregulation of various processes at the cellular level occurs, thereby decreasing their regeneration potential. One of the changes that occurs during the aging process is the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which accelerates the processes of cellular senescence and cell death. The aim of this study is to evaluate two antioxidant compounds; Chromotrope 2B and Sulfasalazine, for their antioxidant effects on young and old rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). METHODS AND RESULTS Oxidative stress was induced in MSCs by 5 µM dexamethasone for 96 h and the cells were treated with Chromotrope 2B or Sulfasalazine, 50 µM each. The effects of antioxidant treatment following oxidative stress induction was evaluated by transcriptional profiling of genes involved in the oxidative stress and telomere maintenance. Expression levels of Cat, Gpx7, Sod1, Dhcr24, Idh1, and Txnrd2 were found to be increased in young MSCs (yMSCs) as a result of oxidative stress, while Duox2, Parp1, and Tert1 expression were found to be decreased as compared to the control. In old MSCs (oMSCs), the expressions of Dhcr24, Txnrd2, and Parp1 increased, while that of Duox2, Gpx7, Idh1, and Sod1 decreased following oxidative stress. In both MSC groups, Chromotrope 2B prompted decrease in the ROS generation before and after the induction of oxidative stress. In oMSCs, ROS content was significantly reduced in the Sulfasalazine treated group. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that both Chromotrope 2B and Sulfasalazine possess the potential to reduce the ROS content in both age groups, though the latter was found to be more potent. These compounds can be used to precondition MSCs to enhance their regenerative potential for future cell-based therapeutics.
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Li HS, Gong Y, Ji C, Wu P, Gao B, Du Y, Wang J. Selective detection of sulfasalazine antibiotic and its controllable photodegradation into 5-aminosalicylic acid by visible-light-responsive metal-organic framework. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:11730-11736. [PMID: 35852461 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01270g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The extensive use of sulfasalazine (SSZ) antibiotics has brought potential threats to aquatic ecosystems and human health. Thus, necessary measures for the removal of SSZ must be taken to prevent arbitrary antibiotic exposure to the aquatic environment. However, not all the recent photocatalysts that have been used for the degradation of SSZ could not achieve the controlled release of SSZ and hence are losing their medicinal values. Herein, by utilizing an Eosin Y moiety as an efficient light-harvesting and emission site, an Eosin Y-based visible-light-responsive metal-organic framework has been synthesized and characterized, which exhibits high selectivity for detecting the antibiotic SSZ in water and simulated physiological conditions, with a detection limit of below 1 μM (0.4 μg mL-1). It also represents the first example of a MOF-based photocatalyst for the controllable degradation of SSZ into 5-aminosalicylic acid with excellent catalytic activity and recyclability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han-Shu Li
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China.
| | - Yuxuan Gong
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China.
| | - Chen Ji
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China.
| | - Pengyan Wu
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China.
| | - Bingzhuo Gao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China.
| | - Yufan Du
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China.
| | - Jian Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science & Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Green Synthetic Chemistry for Functional Materials, Jiangsu Normal University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221116, PR China.
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Wu Y, Li S, Jin M, Li D, Zhou Z, Hou H, Han Y. Preparation of MSZ Hydrogel and Its Treatment of Colitis. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:706401. [PMID: 34690753 PMCID: PMC8531416 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.706401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to control the release of mesalazine (MSZ) in the gastrointestinal tract to achieve better pharmacological effects in the colon, in this study, MSZ was added to hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) to form a water-soluble HP-β-CD/MSZ inclusion complex. Then, the inclusion compound was loaded into the structure of the bilayer polyelectrolyte complex microsphere formed by alginate (Alg), chitosan (Cs), and kappa carrageenan (κ-Car) as the hydrogel carrier, and the hydrogel beads with colon-specific release MSZ after oral administration were formed. The formed hydrogel beads have different swelling capabilities in different pH media and have the greatest swelling degree under pH 7.4. The encapsulation efficiency and drug loading of hydrogel beads can reach up to 83.23 and 18.31%, respectively, and the size of hydrogel beads can be reduced to less than 1 mm after drying, so that the size of oral administration can be reached. In vivo experiments also showed that the formed hydrogel beads had a better therapeutic effect on colitis than free drugs, and the microspheres were biodegradable, so the double-layer pH-sensitive microspheres could be effectively used in colon-targeting drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Shangyong Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Mengfei Jin
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Dandan Li
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zihan Zhou
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Haiqing Hou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qilu Hospital(Qingdao), Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Yantao Han
- School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
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Ahmadi A, Niknahad H, Li H, Mobasheri A, Manthari RK, Azarpira N, Mousavi K, Khalvati B, Zhao Y, Sun J, Zong Y, Ommati MM, Heidari R. The inhibition of NFкB signaling and inflammatory response as a strategy for blunting bile acid-induced hepatic and renal toxicity. Toxicol Lett 2021; 349:12-29. [PMID: 34089816 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2021.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The cholestatic liver injury could occur in response to a variety of diseases or xenobiotics. Although cholestasis primarily affects liver function, it has been well-known that other organs such as the kidney could be influenced in cholestatic patients. Severe cholestasis could lead to tissue fibrosis and organ failure. Unfortunately, there is no specific therapeutic option against cholestasis-induced organ injury. Hence, finding the mechanism of organ injury during cholestasis could lead to therapeutic options against this complication. The accumulation of potentially cytotoxic compounds such as hydrophobic bile acids is the most suspected mechanism involved in the pathogenesis of cholestasis-induced organ injury. A plethora of evidence indicates a role for the inflammatory response in the pathogenesis of several human diseases. Here, the role of nuclear factor-kB (NFkB)-mediated inflammatory response is investigated in an animal model of cholestasis. Bile duct ligated (BDL) animals were treated with sulfasalazine (SSLZ, 10 and 100 mg/kg, i.p) as a potent inhibitor of NFkB signaling. The NFkB proteins family activity in the liver and kidney, serum and tissue levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, tissue biomarkers of oxidative stress, serum markers of organ injury, and the liver and kidney histopathological alterations and fibrotic changes. The oxidative stress-mediated inflammatory-related indices were monitored in the kidney and liver at scheduled time intervals (3, 7, and 14 days after BDL operation). Significant increase in serum and urine markers of organ injury, besides changes in biomarkers of oxidative stress and tissue histopathology, were evident in the liver and kidney of BDL animals. The activity of NFkB proteins (p65, p50, p52, c-Rel, and RelB) was significantly increased in the liver and kidney of cholestatic animals. Serum and tissue levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, IL-23, TNF-α, and INF-γ) were also higher than sham-operated animals. Moreover, TGF- β, α-SMA, and tissue fibrosis (Trichrome stain) were evident in cholestatic animals' liver and kidneys. It was found that SSLZ (10 and 100 mg/kg/day, i.p) alleviated cholestasis-induced hepatic and renal injury. The effect of SSLZ on NFkB signaling and suppression of pro-inflammatory cytokines could play a significant role in its protective role in cholestasis. Based on these data, NFkB signaling could receive special attention to develop therapeutic options to blunt cholestasis-induced organ injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asrin Ahmadi
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Niknahad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Huifeng Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, FI-90014, Oulu, Finland; Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, LT-08406, Vilnius, Lithuania; Departments of Orthopedics, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, University Medical Center Utrecht, 508 GA, Utrecht, The Netherlands; Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Ram Kumar Manthari
- Department of Biotechnology, GITAM Institute of Science, Gandhi Institute of Technology and Management, Visakhapatnam, 530045, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Negar Azarpira
- Transplant Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Khadijeh Mousavi
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Pharmacy, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Bahman Khalvati
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran
| | - Yangfei Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Ecological Animal Science and Environmental Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan, 030031, Shanxi, China
| | - Jianyu Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China
| | - Yuqi Zong
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China
| | - Mohammad Mehdi Ommati
- College of Life Sciences, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi, 030801, China; Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Reza Heidari
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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10
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Beiranvand M. A review of the biological and pharmacological activities of mesalazine or 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA): an anti-ulcer and anti-oxidant drug. Inflammopharmacology 2021; 29:1279-1290. [PMID: 34410540 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-021-00856-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mesalazine, also known as 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), is a synthetic drug from the family of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) used for inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract. However, 5-ASA has also been used for various other diseases due to its pharmacological effects, but they are usually scattered across various publications, which may limit further research and clinical use of this drug. This review is a summary of published information on the biological and pharmacological effects of 5-ASA with the aim of identifying its anti-oxidant role and medicinal use. 5-ASA data have been collected from 1987 to February 2021 using major databases such as Web of Science, PubMed, Elsevier, Wiley Online Library, Springer, Google Scholar, etc. According to research, the pharmacological and biological effects of 5-ASA include treatment of inflammatory bowel disease, and anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, anti-amyloid, gastric protection (gastroprotective), and antidiverticulosis properties. Numerous pharmacological studies have shown that 5-ASA is an anti-oxidant and anti-ulcer compound with high therapeutic potential that, if the appropriate dose is discovered, its chemical structure changes and its effectiveness is optimized, 5-ASA has been used experimentally for other diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Beiranvand
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran.
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11
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Electrochemical and Mechanistic Study of Superoxide Elimination by Mesalazine through Proton-Coupled Electron Transfer. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14020120. [PMID: 33557324 PMCID: PMC7915641 DOI: 10.3390/ph14020120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The elimination of superoxide radical anions (O2•−) by 5-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (mesalazine, 5-ASA), 4-amino-2-hydroxybenzoic acid (4-ASA), and related compounds used for ulcerative colitis treatment was investigated using cyclic voltammetry and electron spin resonance (ESR) analyses aided by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Quasi-reversible O2/O2•− redox was found to be modified by the compounds, suggesting that an acid–base reaction in which a hydroperoxyl radical (HO2•) is formed from O2•− occurs. However, the deprotonated 5-ASA anion can eliminate O2•− through proton-coupled electron transfer (PCET), forming a radical product. This electron transfer (ET) was confirmed by ESR analysis. The 4-aminophenol moiety in 5-ASA plays an important role in the PCET, involving two proton transfers and one ET based on π-conjugation. The electrochemical and DFT results indicated that O2•− elimination by 5-ASA proceeds efficiently through the PCET mechanism after deprotonation of the 1-carboxyl group. Thus, 5-ASA may act as an anti-inflammatory agent in the alkali intestine through PCET-based O2•− elimination.
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12
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Photocatalytic hydrogen evolution over surface-modified titanate nanotubes by 5-aminosalicylic acid decorated with silver nanoparticles. ADV POWDER TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apt.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Fahimeh Jalali, Hassanvand Z, Barati A. Electrochemical Sensor Based on a Nanocomposite of Carbon Dots, Hexadecyltrimethylammonium Bromide and Chitosan for Mesalazine Determination. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934820040061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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14
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A new derivative of acetylsalicylic acid and carnosine: synthesis, physical and chemical properties, biological activity. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 28:119-130. [PMID: 31902097 DOI: 10.1007/s40199-019-00323-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 12/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to create and assess biological activity of a new compound based on carnosine and acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) that will comprise antioxidant effect with antiplatelet activity, while simultaneously preventing side effects on the gastrointestinal tract. METHODS Salicyl-carnosine (SC) was synthesized by condensation of ASA and carnosine. Antioxidant activity was determined by spectrophotometric and chemiluminescence methods. Antiplatelet activity was carried out by the light transmission-aggregometry method using the inductor ADP. Chronic gastric ulcer in rats was modeled using glacial acetic acid. RESULTS Using SOD-like activity, iron-induced chemiluminescence, BaSO4-activated respiratory burst, and evaluation of red blood cell structure stabilization during oxidative damage induced by sodium hypochlorite, it was shown that SC possesses antioxidant activity analogous, or better, than that of carnosine. Antiplatelet activity of SC was evaluated in the blood of healthy individuals, and was also shown to be comparable to, or exceeding that of ASA. Also SC demonstrates high resistance to hydrolysis by tissue and serum carnosinases. Most importantly, it was shown that SC has protected the gastric mucosa against the formation of stomach ulcerative lesions and promoted their epithelization, therefore overcoming the undesirable inherent side effects of ASA. CONCLUSIONS SC preserves pharmacologically significant properties of ASA and carnosine while retaining an anti-ulcer activity and resistance to the carnosinase hydrolysis at the same time. These properties are particularly promising for the potential development of new anti-inflammatory and antithrombotic drugs. Graphical abstract .
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15
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Lei Y, Cheng S, Luo N, Yang X, An T. Rate Constants and Mechanisms of the Reactions of Cl • and Cl 2•- with Trace Organic Contaminants. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2019; 53:11170-11182. [PMID: 31483622 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.9b02462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Cl• and Cl2•- radicals contribute to the degradation of trace organic contaminants (TrOCs) such as pharmaceutical and personal care products and endocrine-disrupting chemicals. However, little is known about their reaction rate constants and mechanisms. In this study, the reaction rate constants of Cl• and Cl2•- with 88 target compounds were determined using laser flash photolysis. Decay kinetics, product buildup kinetics, and competition kinetics were applied to track the changes in their transient spectra. Cl• exhibited quite high reactivity toward TrOCs with reaction rate constants ranging from 3.10 × 109 to 4.08 × 1010 M-1 s-1. Cl2•- was less reactive but more selective, with reaction rate constants varying from <1 × 106 to 2.78 × 109 M-1 s-1. Three QSAR models were developed, which were capable of predicting the reaction rate constants of Cl2•- with TrOCs bearing phenol, alkoxy benzene, and aniline groups. The detection of Cl•-adducts of many TrOCs suggested that Cl• addition was an important reaction mechanism. Single electron transfer (SET) predominated in reactions of Cl• with TrOCs bearing electron-rich moieties (e.g., sulfonamides), and their cation radicals were observed. Cl• might also abstract hydrogen atoms from phenolic compounds to generate phenoxyl radicals. Moreover, Cl• could react with TrOCs through multiple pathways since more than one transient intermediate was detected simultaneously. SET was the major reaction mechanism of Cl2•- reactions with TrOCs bearing phenols, alkoxy benzenes, and anilines groups. Cl2•- was found to play an important role in TrOC degradation, though it has been often neglected in previous studies. The results improve the understanding of halogen radical-involved chemistry in TrOC degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Lei
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Shuangshuang Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Na Luo
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
| | - Xin Yang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , China
| | - Taicheng An
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory Environmental Catalysis and Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Institute of Environmental Health and Pollution Control , Guangdong University of Technology , Guangzhou 510006 , China
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16
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Chang EH, Mo WM, Doo HM, Lee JS, Park HT, Choi BO, Hong YB. Aminosalicylic acid reduces ER stress and Schwann cell death induced by MPZ mutations. Int J Mol Med 2019; 44:125-134. [PMID: 31059078 PMCID: PMC6559330 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in myelin protein zero (MPZ) cause inherited peripheral neuropathies, including Charcot‑Marie‑Tooth disease (CMT) and Dejerine‑Sottas neuropathy. Mutant MPZ proteins have previously been reported to cause CMT via enhanced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and Schwann cell (SC) death, although the pathological mechanisms have not yet been elucidated. In this study, we generated an in vitro model of rat SCs expressing mutant MPZ (MPZ V169fs or R98C) proteins and validated the increase in cell death and ER stress induced by the overexpression of the MPZ mutants. Using this model, we examined the efficacy of 3 different aminosalicylic acids (ASAs; 4‑ASA, sodium 4‑ASA and 5‑ASA) in alleviating pathological phenotypes. FACS analysis indicated that the number of apoptotic rat SCs, RT4 cells, induced by mutant MPZ overexpression was significantly reduced following treatment with each ASA. In particular, treatment with 4‑ASA reduced the levels of ER stress markers in RT4 cells induced by V169fs MPZ mutant overexpression and relieved the retention of V169fs mutant proteins in the ER. Additionally, the level of an apoptotic signal mediator (p‑JNK) was only decreased in the RT4 cells expressing R98C MPZ mutant protein following treatment with 4‑ASA. Although 4‑ASA is known as a free radical scavenger, treatment with 4‑ASA in the in vitro model did not moderate the level of reactive oxygen species, which was elevated by the expression of mutant MPZ proteins. On the whole, the findings of this study indicate that treatment with 4‑ASA reduced the ER stress and SC death caused by 2 different MPZ mutants and suggest that ASA may be a potential therapeutic agent for CMT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Hyuk Chang
- Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Min Mo
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun Myung Doo
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Su Lee
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Republic of Korea
| | - Hwan Tae Park
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, Dong‑A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung-Ok Choi
- Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul 06351, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Bin Hong
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dong‑A University, Busan 49201, Republic of Korea
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17
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Al‐Kishali HA, Abd El Fattah MA, Mohammad WA, El‐Abhar HS. Cilostazol against 2,4,6‐trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid‐induced colitis: Effect on tight junction, inflammation, and apoptosis. JGH Open 2019; 3:281-289. [PMID: 31406920 PMCID: PMC6684512 DOI: 10.1002/jgh3.12148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Background Aim Methods Results Conclusion
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiba A Al‐Kishali
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | - Mai A Abd El Fattah
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
| | | | - Hanan S El‐Abhar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of PharmacyCairo UniversityCairoEgypt
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18
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Ma C, Guizzetti L, Cipriano LE, Parker CE, Nguyen TM, Gregor JC, Chande N, Feagan BG, Jairath V. Systematic review with meta-analysis: high prevalence and cost of continued aminosalicylate use in patients with ulcerative colitis escalated to immunosuppressive and biological therapies. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2019; 49:364-374. [PMID: 30569460 DOI: 10.1111/apt.15090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 10/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aminosalicylates are the most frequently prescribed treatment for ulcerative colitis (UC). In the absence of empirical evidence, clinicians are uncertain whether to continue aminosalicylates in patients with UC after escalating therapy. AIMS To quantify concomitant aminosalicylate use in UC randomised clinical trials (RCTs), identify factors associated with their use, and estimate treatment costs of concomitant aminosalicylate therapy. METHODS MEDLINE, Embase, and CENTRAL were searched from inception to 1 March 2017 for placebo-controlled RCTs of immunosuppressants, biologics, or oral small molecules in adults with UC. The proportion of patients prescribed concomitant aminosalicylates at trial entry was pooled using a random-effects model. Meta-regression was performed to assess trial-level factors associated with aminosalicylate use. Treatment costs were estimated using 2018 formulary data from five Canadian provinces. RESULTS Thirty-two trials were included (23 induction only, nine induction, and maintenance trials). The pooled proportion of patients co-prescribed aminosalicylates was 80.7% (95% CI 75.5%-85.1%), with considerable observed heterogeneity (I2 = 95%). In univariable meta-regression, aminosalicylate use was not associated with trial design, setting, year of publication, disease severity, disease duration, or drug class. The estimated direct annual treatment cost of concomitant aminosalicylates is ~$20 million for the Canadian UC population, assuming conservative estimates of UC prevalence, aminosalicylate use and dose, and the lowest cost formulation. CONCLUSIONS Approximately 80% of UC patients entering clinical trials of immunosuppressants, biologics, or oral small molecules continue to use aminosalicylates. An RCT is needed to inform the benefits and harms of continuing vs stopping aminosalicylates in patients escalating therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Ma
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.,Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Lauren E Cipriano
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Ivey Business School, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Claire E Parker
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tran M Nguyen
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - James C Gregor
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nilesh Chande
- Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Brian G Feagan
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vipul Jairath
- Robarts Clinical Trials, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Western University, London, Ontario, Canada
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19
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Shahdadi Sardo H, Saremnejad F, Bagheri S, Akhgari A, Afrasiabi Garekani H, Sadeghi F. A review on 5-aminosalicylic acid colon-targeted oral drug delivery systems. Int J Pharm 2019; 558:367-379. [PMID: 30664993 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2019.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Site-specific colon drug delivery is a practical approach for the treatment of local diseases of the colon with several advantages such as rapid onset of action and reduction of the dosage of the drug as well as minimization of harmful side effects. 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) is a drug of choice in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease and colitis. For the efficient delivery of this drug, it is vital to prevent 5-ASA release in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract and to promote its release in the proximal colon. Different approaches including chemical manipulation of drug molecule for production of prodrugs or modification of drug delivery systems using pH-dependent, time-dependent and/or bacterially biodegradable materials have been tried to optimize 5-ASA delivery to the colon. In the current review, the different strategies utilized in the design and development of an oral colonic delivery dosage form of 5-ASA are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Shahdadi Sardo
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Farinaz Saremnejad
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sara Bagheri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Abbas Akhgari
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Hadi Afrasiabi Garekani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadeghi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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20
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Preventive effects of guanosine on intestinal inflammation in 2, 4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced colitis in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2018; 27:349-359. [DOI: 10.1007/s10787-018-0506-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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21
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Omoteyama K, Sato T, Arito M, Sato M, Suematsu N, Kurokawa MS, Kato T. Effects of salazosulfapyridine on the profile of cell surface proteins, revealed by biotinylation of cell surface proteins and 2-dimentional electrophoresis. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2018; 1867:47-56. [PMID: 29753087 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2018.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated effects of salazosulfapyridine (SASP) on the protein profile of cell surface (CS)-proteins of SW982, a human synovial sarcoma cell line, using biotinylation of CS-proteins and 2-dimensional fluorescence difference gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE). METHODS SW982 cells were treated with SASP and its metabolites, sulfapyridine (SP) and 5-aminosalicylic acid (5ASA). Then the cells were treated with a membrane-impermeable biotinylating reagent. Biotinylated CS-proteins were isolated using NeutrAvidin-bound beads. CS-proteins affected by the drugs were detected by 2D-DIGE and subjected to mass spectrometry. RESULTS By the 2D-DIGE analysis, in total 576 spots were detected, 29 out of which showed more than ±1.5-fold different intensity in the SASP-, SP-, and 5ASA-treated cells, compared to non-treated cells (p < 0.05). Interestingly, 7 out of the 29 spots changed their intensity only by SASP and 17 spots changed their intensity only by SP. We identified 9 protein from 15 out of the 29 spots, most of which were evidenced to exist on the cell surface by flow cytometry. CONCLUSION We found novel effects of SASP and its metabolites on SW982 cells by the combination of biotinylation of cell surface proteins and 2D-DIGE analysis. These data would help understanding of anti-rheumatic actions of SASP. Furthermore, the combination would be a useful method for the analysis of CS-proteins in various conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuki Omoteyama
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine.
| | - Toshiyuki Sato
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Mitsumi Arito
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Masaaki Sato
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Naoya Suematsu
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Manae S Kurokawa
- Disease Biomarker Analysis and Molecular Regulation, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine
| | - Tomohiro Kato
- Clinical Proteomics and Molecular Medicine, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine
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Ramadan A, Afifi N, Yassin NZ, Abdel-Rahman RF, Abd El-Rahman SS, Fayed HM. Mesalazine, an osteopontin inhibitor: The potential prophylactic and remedial roles in induced liver fibrosis in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 289:109-118. [PMID: 29738702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a major health issue leading to high morbidity and mortality. The potential anti-fibrotic activity and the effect of mesalazine on osteopontin (OPN), an extra cellular matrix (ECM) component were evaluated in TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats. For this purpose, forty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. All animals, except the normal control, were intraperitoneally injected with TAA (200 mg/kg) twice per week for 6 weeks. In the hepato-protective study, animals were administered mesalazine (50 and 100 mg/kg, orally) for 4 weeks before induction of liver fibrosis then concomitantly with TAA injection. In the hepato-therapeutic study, animals were administered mesalazine for 6 weeks after TAA discontinuation with the same doses. In both studies, mesalazine administration improved liver biomarkers through decreasing serum levels of AST, ALT and total bilirubin when compared to fibrotic group with significant increase in total protein and albumin levels. Mesalazine significantly decreased hepatic MDA level and counteracted the depletion of hepatic GSH content and SOD activity. Additionally, it limits the elevation of OPN and TGF-β1 concentrations and suppressed TNF-α as well as α-SMA levels in hepatic tissue homogenate. Histopathologically, mesalazine as a treatment showed a good restoration of the hepatic parenchymal cells with an obvious decreased intensity and retraction of fibrous proliferation, while as a prophylaxis it didn't achieve enough protection against the harmful effect of TAA, although it decreased the intensity of portal to portal fibrosis and pseudolobulation. Furthermore, mesalazine could suppress the expression of both α-SMA and caspase-3 in immunohistochemical sections. In conclusion, mesalazine could have a potential new indication as anti-fibrotic agent through limiting the oxidative damage and altering TNF-ɑ pathway as an anti-inflammatory drug with down-regulating TGF-β1, OPN, α-SMA and caspase-3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramadan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nehal Afifi
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nemat Z Yassin
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Sahar S Abd El-Rahman
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hany M Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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Han L, Maciejewski M, Brockel C, Afzelius L, Altman RB. Mendelian Disease Associations Reveal Novel Insights into Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2018; 24:471-481. [PMID: 29462399 PMCID: PMC6037048 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izx087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Background Monogenic diseases have been shown to contribute to complex disease risk and may hold new insights into the underlying biological mechanism of Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD). Methods We analyzed Mendelian disease associations with IBD using over 55 million patients from the Optum's deidentified electronic health records dataset database. Using the significant Mendelian diseases, we performed pathway enrichment analysis and constructed a model using gene expression datasets to differentiate Crohn's disease (CD), ulcerative colitis (UC), and healthy patient samples. Results We found 50 Mendelian diseases were significantly associated with IBD, with 40 being significantly associated with both CD and UC. Our results for CD replicated those from previous studies. Pathways that were enriched consisted of mainly immune and metabolic processes with a focus on tolerance and oxidative stress. Our 3-way classifier for UC, CD, and healthy samples yielded an accuracy of 72%. Conclusions Mendelian diseases that are significantly associated with IBD may reveal novel insights into the genetic architecture of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lichy Han
- Biomedical Informatics Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
| | | | | | | | - Russ B Altman
- Biomedical Informatics Training Program, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Genetics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
- Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA
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24
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The Beneficial Effects of Hypiran in Ameliorating Rat Model of Ulcerative Colitis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.5812/zjrms.58919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Hussein UK, Hassan NEHY, Elhalwagy MEA, Zaki AR, Abubakr HO, Nagulapalli Venkata KC, Jang KY, Bishayee A. Ginger and Propolis Exert Neuroprotective Effects against Monosodium Glutamate-Induced Neurotoxicity in Rats. Molecules 2017; 22:E1928. [PMID: 29117134 PMCID: PMC6150236 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22111928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Central nervous system cytotoxicity is linked to neurodegenerative disorders. The objective of the study was to investigate whether monosodium glutamate (MSG) neurotoxicity can be reversed by natural products, such as ginger or propolis, in male rats. Four different groups of Wistar rats were utilized in the study. Group A served as a normal control, whereas group B was orally administered with MSG (100 mg/kg body weight, via oral gavage). Two additional groups, C and D, were given MSG as group B along with oral dose (500 mg/kg body weight) of either ginger or propolis (600 mg/kg body weight) once a day for two months. At the end, the rats were sacrificed, and the brain tissue was excised and levels of neurotransmitters, ß-amyloid, and DNA oxidative marker 8-OHdG were estimated in the brain homogenates. Further, formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded brain sections were used for histopathological evaluation. The results showed that MSG increased lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, neurotransmitters, and 8-OHdG as well as registered an accumulation of ß-amyloid peptides compared to normal control rats. Moreover, significant depletions of glutathione, superoxide dismutase, and catalase as well as histopathological alterations in the brain tissue of MSG-treated rats were noticed in comparison with the normal control. In contrast, treatment with ginger greatly attenuated the neurotoxic effects of MSG through suppression of 8-OHdG and β-amyloid accumulation as well as alteration of neurotransmitter levels. Further improvements were also noticed based on histological alterations and reduction of neurodegeneration in the brain tissue. A modest inhibition of the neurodegenerative markers was observed by propolis. The study clearly indicates a neuroprotective effect of ginger and propolis against MSG-induced neurodegenerative disorders and these beneficial effects could be attributed to the polyphenolic compounds present in these natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Usama K Hussein
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt.
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University, Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Nour El-Houda Y Hassan
- Department of Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt.
| | - Manal E A Elhalwagy
- Faculty of Science, Al Faisaliah Campus, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21453, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Amr R Zaki
- Department of Forensic Medicine and Clinical Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni Suef 62511, Egypt.
| | - Huda O Abubakr
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt.
| | | | - Kyu Yun Jang
- Department of Pathology, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Chonbuk National University-Biomedical Research Institute of Chonbuk National University, Hospital and Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Jeonju 54896, Korea.
| | - Anupam Bishayee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA.
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Macías Pérez ME, Hernández Rodríguez M, Cabrera Pérez LC, Fragoso-Vázquez MJ, Correa-Basurto J, Padilla-Martínez II, Méndez Luna D, Mera Jiménez E, Flores Sandoval C, Tamay Cach F, Rosales-Hernández MC. Aromatic Regions Govern the Recognition of NADPH Oxidase Inhibitors as Diapocynin and its Analogues. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2017; 350. [PMID: 28833480 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.201700041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is related to the pathogenesis and progress of several human diseases. NADPH oxidase (NOX), and mainly the NOX2 isoform, produces superoxide anions (O2•- ). To date, it is known that NOX2 can be inhibited by preventing the assembly of its subunits, p47phox and p22phox. In this work, we analyzed the binding to NOX2 of the apocynin dimer, diapocynin (C1), a known NOX2 inhibitor, and of 18 designed compounds (C2-C19) which have chemical relationships to C1, by in silico methods employing a p47phox structure from the Protein Data Bank (PDB code: 1WLP). C1 and six of the designed compounds were recognized in the region where p22phox binds to p47phox and makes π-π interactions principally with W193, W263, and Y279, which form an aromatic-rich region. C8 was chosen as the best compound according to the in silico studies and was synthesized and evaluated in vitro. C8 was able to prevent the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) similar to C1. In conclusion, targeting the aromatic region of p47phox through π-interactions is important for inhibiting NOX activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martha E Macías Pérez
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y Biocatálisis, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Maricarmen Hernández Rodríguez
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y Biocatálisis, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México.,Laboratorio de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Laura C Cabrera Pérez
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y Biocatálisis, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - M Jonathan Fragoso-Vázquez
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Correa-Basurto
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y Biocatálisis, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México.,Laboratorio de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Itzia I Padilla-Martínez
- Unidad Profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - David Méndez Luna
- Laboratorio de Modelado Molecular y Diseño de Fármacos, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Elvia Mera Jiménez
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular de la Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - César Flores Sandoval
- Gerencia de Desarrollo de Materiales y Productos Químicos, Instituto Mexicano del Petróleo, Eje Central (Lázaro Cárdenas), Ciudad de México, México
| | - Feliciano Tamay Cach
- Laboratorio de Investigación de Bioquímica, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Martha C Rosales-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biofísica y Biocatálisis, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Escuela Superior de Medicina del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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The effect of cryotherapy on total antioxidative capacity in patients with active seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatol Int 2017; 37:1481-1487. [DOI: 10.1007/s00296-017-3771-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Liu T, Wang R, Xu H, Song Y, Qi Y. A Highly Potent and Selective Histone Deacetylase 6 Inhibitor Prevents DSS-Induced Colitis in Mice. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:936-940. [PMID: 28321036 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-01023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a refractory illness with remarkably increasing incidence rate all over the world. However, no desirable treatment scheme is available. Therefore, research and development of new drugs for treating IBD are urgently needed. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is considered to be a pro-inflammatory factor, thus the inhibitors specifically-targeting HDAC6 may find their way in IBD treatment. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory activity of a novel potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitor, LTB2, in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis mouse model. It was found that LTB2 treatment significantly alleviated DSS-induced colitis in mice, as evidenced by body weight, colon length, histological examination, and the disease activity index (DAI) scores of rectal bleeding and diarrhea. More importantly, it showed a better protective effect on the DSS-induced colitis mice than the commonly used mesalazine in the clinic. Our results demonstrated that selective HDAC6 inhibitors may have a good prospect for IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Renping Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Haojie Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Yunlong Song
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
| | - Yunpeng Qi
- School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University
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Ehrlich AC, Patel S, Meillier A, Rothstein RD, Friedenberg FK. Chemoprevention of colorectal cancer in inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Anticancer Ther 2017; 17:247-255. [PMID: 28095263 DOI: 10.1080/14737140.2017.1283987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with inflammatory bowel disease are at an increased risk of colorectal cancer when compared to the general population. Chronic inflammation is thought to be the underlying cause, and medications that reduce inflammation have the potential to reduce the risk of colorectal cancer. Areas covered: After conducting a PubMed search for relevant literature, we examined several classes of medications that have been studied as potential chemopreventive agents. These include 5-aminosalicylates, thiopurines, tumor necrosis factor antagonists, ursodeoxycholic acid, NSAIDs, and statins. Expert commentary: While each class of medications has some data to support its use in chemoprevention, the majority of the evidence in each case argues against the routine use of these medications solely for a chemopreventive benefit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam C Ehrlich
- a Section of Gastroenterology , Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia , PA 19140 , USA
| | - Shyam Patel
- b Department of Medicine , Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia , PA 19140 , USA
| | - Andrew Meillier
- b Department of Medicine , Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia , PA 19140 , USA
| | - Robin D Rothstein
- a Section of Gastroenterology , Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia , PA 19140 , USA
| | - Frank K Friedenberg
- a Section of Gastroenterology , Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University , Philadelphia , PA 19140 , USA
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Štěpánková M, Šelešovská R, Janíková L, Chýlková J. Voltammetric determination of mesalazine in pharmaceutical preparations and biological samples using boron-doped diamond electrode. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-017-0135-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mucoadhesive chitosan hydrogels as rectal drug delivery vessels to treat ulcerative colitis. Acta Biomater 2017; 48:247-257. [PMID: 27769943 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2016.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems stick to mucosal tissues and prolong the local retention time of drugs. Since the colon is covered by a mucosal layer, mucoadhesive rectal formulations may improve treatment of such diseases as hypertension or colon cancer. Ulcerative colitis (UC) is an inflammatory bowel disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the colonic mucosa. It is commonly treated with sulfasalazine (SSZ), which is metabolized by the intestinal flora into the therapeutic 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and a toxic by-product sulfapyridine (SP). SSZ can be administered orally or rectally. The latter route avoids unintended absorption of the drug or its degradation products in the upper gastrointestinal tract, but often fails due to limited retention time. Here, we propose a mucoadhesive hydrogel to improve the efficacy of rectal SSZ administration. The gel is made of catechol modified-chitosan (Cat-CS) crosslinked by genipin. After loading the gel with SSZ, we evaluated its efficacy in a mouse model of UC. Compared to oral SSZ treatment, rectal SSZ/Cat-CS delivery was more therapeutic, showed equivalent histological scores, and induced a lower plasma concentration of the potentially toxic SP by-product. These results show SSZ/Cat-CS rectal hydrogels are more effective and safer formulations for UC treatment than oral SSZ. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Ulcerative colitis affects the colon by causing chronic inflammation on the mucosa. One of the most common drugs to treat mild to moderate UC is sulfasalazine, which can be administrated both orally and rectally. Rectal formulations are preferable, since their therapeutic effect happens topically, and they prevent side effects related to absorption of the drug in the small intestine. However, the efficacy of rectal sulfasalazine formulations is decreased by their limited colon residence time. Here we propose a chitosan-catechol mucoadhesive gel that allows delivering sulfasalazine more effectively and safely than oral administration. Our results bring new insights into the field of mussel-inspired catechol hydrogels, showing their potential as drug delivery systems to treat a widespread disease such as ulcerative colitis.
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Sadar SS, Vyawahare NS, Bodhankar SL. Ferulic acid ameliorates TNBS-induced ulcerative colitis through modulation of cytokines, oxidative stress, iNOs, COX-2, and apoptosis in laboratory rats. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 15:482-499. [PMID: 27822176 PMCID: PMC5083962 DOI: 10.17179/excli2016-393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic immune-inflammatory disorder characterized by oxido-nitrosative stress, the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and apoptosis. Ferulic acid (FA), a phenolic compound is considered to possess potent antioxidant, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim is to evaluate possible mechanism of action of FA against trinitrobenzensulfonic acid (TNBS) induced ulcerative colitis (UC) in rats. UC was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats (150-200 g) by intrarectal administration of TNBS (100 mg/kg). FA was administered (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, p.o.) for 14 days after colitis was induced. Various biochemical, molecular and histological changes were assessed in the colon. Intrarectal administration of TNBS caused significant induction of ulcer in the colon with an elevation of oxido-nitrosative stress, myeloperoxidase and hydroxyproline activity in the colon. Administration of FA (20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly decrease oxido-nitrosative stress, myeloperoxidase, and hydroxyproline activities. Up-regulated mRNA expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOs, as well as down-regulated IL-10 mRNA expressions after TNBS administration, were significantly inhibited by FA (20 and 40 mg/kg) treatment. Flow cytometric analysis revealed that intrarectal administration of TNBS-induced significantly enhanced the colonic apoptosis whereas administration of FA (20 and 40 mg/kg) significantly restored the elevated apoptosis. FA administration also significantly restored the histopathological aberration induced by TNBS. The findings of the present study demonstrated that FA ameliorates TNBS-induced colitis via inhibition of oxido-nitrosative stress, apoptosis, proinflammatory cytokines production, and down- regulation of COX-2 synthesis.Graphical Abstract: TNBS caused activation of T cells which interact with CD40 on antigen presenting cells i.e. dendritic cells (DC) that induce the key Interleukin 12 (IL-12)-mediated Th1 T cell immune inflammatory response. It releases interferon-γ (IFN-γ), which in turn induces macrophages (MAC) to produce TNF-α and other pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IL-1β, IL-6). This inflammatory influx resulted in induction of ulcerative colitis (UC). Administration of FA may inhibit this IFN-γ induced inflammatory cascade via a decrease in the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines to ameliorate TNBS-induced colitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smeeta S Sadar
- Padmashree Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy, Akurdi, Pune Maharashtra, 411044, India
| | - Niraj S Vyawahare
- Padmashree Dr. D. Y. Patil College of Pharmacy, Akurdi, Pune Maharashtra, 411044, India
| | - Subhash L Bodhankar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra, 411038, India
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Wang YR, Tian FL, Yan MX, Fan JH, Wang LY, Kuang RG, Li YQ. Sulfasalazine inhibits inflammation and fibrogenesis in pancreas via NF-κB signaling pathway in rats with oxidative stress-induced pancreatic injury. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2016; 10:1743-51. [PMID: 27307705 PMCID: PMC4887069 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s107679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pathogenesis and effective therapeutics of chronic pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis remain uncertain. PURPOSE To investigate the effects of sulfasalazine (SF) on pancreatic inflammation and fibrogenesis. METHODS Chronic pancreatic injury in rats was induced by diethyldithiocarbamate (DDC) and interfered by SF through intraperitoneal injection. The rats were divided into five groups: group N, normal control group, rats were treated with dilated water only; group DS1, rats received SF (10 mg/kg) 2 hours before DDC treatment; group DS2, rats were treated with DDC and then SF (100 mg/kg, twice a week); group DS3, rats were treated with DDC, then SF (100 mg/kg, thrice a week); and group DDC, rats were treated with DDC only. Pancreatic inflammation and fibrosis were determined by hematoxylin and eosin staining and Sirius red staining. The genes and proteins related to NF-κB pathway and fibrogenesis including NF-κB/p65, TNF-α, ICAM-1, α-SMA, and Con 1 were detected by immunohistochemical staining, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and Western blotting. RESULTS Rats in the DDC and DS1 groups showed the highest histological scores after DDC treatment, but the scores of DS2 and DS3 groups decreased significantly when compared with the DDC group. Sirius red staining showed collagen formation clearly in DDC and DS1 rats rather than in DS2 and DS3 rats. NF-κB/p65, ICAM-1, and α-SMA were strongly expressed in DDC and DS1 rats, while DS2 and DS3 rats showed mild to moderate expression by immunohistochemistry. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction showed increased levels of NF-κB/p65, ICAM-1, TNF-α, α-SMA, and Con 1 mRNA in DDC and DS1 rats in comparison to normal controls. The mRNA levels of these molecules in DS2 and DS3 rats were significantly lower than those in DS1 and DDC rats. Western blotting demonstrated that the NF-κB/p65, ICAM-1, and α-SMA expressions in pancreatic tissues of the rats of the DDC group were more clear than those of the normal control, DS2, and DS3 rats. CONCLUSION SF inhibits pancreatic inflammation and fibrogenesis via NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ru Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Fei-Long Tian
- Shandong University School of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Ming-Xian Yan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hua Fan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Yun Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Guang Kuang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qing Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, People's Republic of China
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Abdul-Hamid M, Salah M. Intervention of ginger or propolis ameliorates methotrexate-induced ileum toxicity. Toxicol Ind Health 2016; 32:313-22. [PMID: 24097362 DOI: 10.1177/0748233713500833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The long-term clinical use of methotrexate (MTX) is restricted due to its severe intestinal toxicity. The protective effect of ginger or propolis on the toxicity induced by MTX is relatively less understood, so the possible protective effect of ginger or propolis, used separately, was investigated. A total of 60 male albino rats were divided into six groups as follows: (1) control group; (2) ginger group; (3) propolis group; (4) MTX group; (5) ginger + MTX group; and (6) propolis + MTX group. The present results show that MTX caused ileum injury, including shortening and fusion of the villi, inflammatory cell infiltration and goblet cell depletion. Administration of ginger or propolis ameliorated the MTX-induced ileum injury as shown by histological, immunohistochemical and ultrastructural investigations and statistical analysis. This is revealed by intact villi, which shows marked increase in brown colouration of proliferating cell nuclear antigen positive nuclei in the crypts region, improvement in the number of goblet cells and brush border length of ileum. The current results conclude the efficacy and safety of ginger and propolis, which may be due to their antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manal Abdul-Hamid
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa Salah
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Sodagari HR, Farzaei MH, Bahramsoltani R, Abdolghaffari AH, Mahmoudi M, Rezaei N. Dietary anthocyanins as a complementary medicinal approach for management of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2015; 9:807-20. [PMID: 25586636 DOI: 10.1586/17474124.2015.1002086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is thought to result from a chronic or relapsing activation of the immune system in the GI tract. A growing body of evidence confirms the health benefits of dietary anthocyanins as plant-derived natural agents. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of several natural products rich in anthocyanins used worldwide for the treatment of IBD. Anthocyanins possess both protective and therapeutic functions in the management of IBD by alleviating oxidative stress processes, cytoprotective functions, downregulation of inflammatory cytokines and suppressing cellular signaling pathways of inflammatory processes. In conclusion, the consumption of anthocyanin-rich natural formulations must be promoted on the basis of their possible function in the prevention and treatment of gastrointestinal inflammatory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamid Reza Sodagari
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
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Satish Kumar CSV, Kondal Reddy K, Reddy AG, Vinoth A, Ch SRC, Boobalan G, Rao GS. Protective effect of Lactobacillus plantarum 21, a probiotic on trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rats. Int Immunopharmacol 2015; 25:504-10. [PMID: 25727887 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2015.02.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2014] [Revised: 02/01/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory mediators play a crucial role in ulcerative colitis (UC). The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum 21 (LAB 21) on inflammatory mediators in trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS)-induced colitis in rats. The inflammatory response was assessed by changes in colon morphology, histopathology, and measurement of reduced glutathione (GSH), lipid peroxidation (TBARS), nitric oxide (NO), interleukin 1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), and interleukin 10 (IL-10) mRNA and protein levels by ELISA. Besides, protein expressions of IL-1β and IL-10 were also evaluated by western blot. Treatment with LAB 21 (1×10(10)CFU/rat/day) and sulfasalazine (500mgkg(-1) body weight) for 14days after induction of colitis, significantly decreased TBARS, NO and increased GSH concentration. The protein and mRNA expressions of IL-1β and TNFα were down-regulated, whereas, protein and mRNA expression of IL-10 was up-regulated in LAB 21-treated rats. Moreover, LAB 21 attenuated the macroscopic colonic damage, histopathological changes induced by TNBS. These results suggest that LAB 21 may be effective in the treatment of UC by immunomodulatory and antioxidant properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S V Satish Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India.
| | - K Kondal Reddy
- Livestock Products & Technology, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
| | - A Gopala Reddy
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
| | - A Vinoth
- Department of Molecular Genetics and Breeding, Directorate of Poultry Research, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
| | - Sudha Rani Chowdary Ch
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram 521102, India
| | - G Boobalan
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, College of Veterinary Science, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad 500 030, India
| | - G S Rao
- Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, NTR College of Veterinary Science, Gannavaram 521102, India
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Shang XJ. Effect of treatment with compound Lactobacillus acidophilus on complements and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2013; 21:2446-2450. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v21.i24.2446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM: To explore the effect of early oral compound Lactobacillus acidophilus on complements and T lymphocyte subsets in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis.
METHODS: Sixty-six patients with compensated liver cirrhosis were randomly divided into either a control group or a treatment group. The control group received conventional symptomatic treatment, while the treatment group was treated with compound Lactobacillus acidophilus (1.0 g, three times per day) for 12 wk on the basis of conventional symptomatic treatment. The changes in serum complements and T lymphocyte subsets between before and after treatment were observed and compared between the two groups of patients.
RESULTS: After treatment, the levels of complements C3 and C4 (0.97 g/L ± 0.16 g/L vs 0.85 g/L ± 0.24 g/L, 0.22 g/L ± 0.05 g/L vs 0.15 g/L ± 0.07 g/L, both P < 0.05) and the percentages of CD4+ and CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte subsets (37.9% ± 6.5% vs 33.8% ± 8.6%, 1.6% ± 0.5% vs 1.3% ± 0.7%, both P < 0.05) were significantly increased in the treatment group.
CONCLUSION: Oral compound Lactobacillus acidophilus can regulate intestinal flora imbalance and modulate immunity in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis.
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Kumar VS, Rajmane AR, Adil M, Kandhare AD, Ghosh P, Bodhankar SL. Naringin ameliorates acetic acid induced colitis through modulation of endogenous oxido-nitrosative balance and DNA damage in rats. J Biomed Res 2013; 28:132-45. [PMID: 24683411 PMCID: PMC3968284 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.27.20120082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 10/15/2012] [Accepted: 02/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of naringin on experimentally induced inflammatory bowel disease in rats. Naringin (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) was given orally for 7 days to Wistar rats before induction of colitis by intrarectal instillation of 2 mL of 4% (v/v) acetic acid solution. The degree of colonic mucosal damage was analyzed by examining mucosal damage, ulcer area, ulcer index and stool consistency. Intrarectal administration of 4% acetic acid resulted in significant modulation of serum alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) content along with colonic nitric oxide (NO), xanthine oxidase (XO) level and protein carbonyl content in the colonic tissue as well as in blood. Naringin (40 and 80 mg/kg) exerted a dose dependent (P < 0.05) ameliorative effect, as it significantly increased hematological parameter as well as colonic SOD and GSH. There was a significant (P < 0.05) and dose dependant inhibition of macroscopical score, ulcer area along with colonic MDA, MPO activity by the 7 days of pretreatment of naringin (40 and 80 mg/kg). Biochemical studies revealed a significant (P < 0.05) dose dependant inhibition in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) levels by pretreatment of naringin. Increased levels of colonic NO, XO, protein carbonyl content and DNA damage were also significantly decreased by naringin pretreatment. The findings of the present investigation propose that naringin has an anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic potential effect at colorectal sites as it modulates the production and expression of oxidative mediators such as MDA, MPO, NO and XO, thus reducing DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkatashivam Shiva Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Anuchandra Ramchandra Rajmane
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Mohammad Adil
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Amit Dattatraya Kandhare
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Pinaki Ghosh
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
| | - Subhash Laxman Bodhankar
- Department of Pharmacology, Poona College of Pharmacy, Bharati Vidyapeeth Deemed University, Pune, Maharashtra 411038, India
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Ethers and esters derived from apocynin avoid the interaction between p47phox and p22phox subunits of NADPH oxidase: evaluation in vitro and in silico. Biosci Rep 2013; 33:BSR20130029. [PMID: 23802190 PMCID: PMC3731894 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20130029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
NOX (NADPH oxidase) plays an important role during several pathologies because it produces the superoxide anion (O2•−), which reacts with NO (nitric oxide), diminishing its vasodilator effect. Although different isoforms of NOX are expressed in ECs (endothelial cells) of blood vessels, the NOX2 isoform has been considered the principal therapeutic target for vascular diseases because it can be up-regulated by inhibiting the interaction between its p47phox (cytosolic protein) and p22phox (transmembrane protein) subunits. In this research, two ethers, 4-(4-acetyl-2-methoxy-phenoxy)-acetic acid (1) and 4-(4-acetyl-2-methoxy-phenoxy)-butyric acid (2) and two esters, pentanedioic acid mono-(4-acetyl-2-methoxy-phenyl) ester (3) and heptanedioic acid mono-(4-acetyl-2-methoxy-phenyl) ester (4), which are apocynin derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated as NOX inhibitors by quantifying O2•− production using EPR (electron paramagnetic resonance) measurements. In addition, the antioxidant activity of apocynin and its derivatives were determined. A docking study was used to identify the interactions between the NOX2′s p47phox subunit and apocynin or its derivatives. The results showed that all of the compounds exhibit inhibitory activity on NOX, being 4 the best derivative. However, neither apocynin nor its derivatives were free radical scavengers. On the other hand, the in silico studies demonstrated that the apocynin and its derivatives were recognized by the polybasic SH3A and SH3B domains, which are regions of p47phox that interact with p22phox. Therefore this experimental and theoretical study suggests that compound 4 could prevent the formation of the complex between p47phox and p22phox without needing to be activated by MPO (myeloperoxidase), this being an advantage over apocynin.
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Hiratsuka T, Inomata M, Hagiwara S, Kono Y, Shiraishi N, Noguchi T, Kitano S. Bolus injection of newly synthesized vitamin E derivative ETS-GS for the treatment of acute severe ulcerative colitis in a mouse model. New vitamin E derivative for acute severe UC. Int J Colorectal Dis 2013; 28:305-11. [PMID: 22847605 DOI: 10.1007/s00384-012-1502-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Vitamin E with its antioxidant action has therapeutic effects on ulcerative colitis (UC), but use of vitamin E is limited because of its insolubility in water. We developed ETS-GS (γ-L-glutamyl-S-[2-[[[3,4-dihydro-2,5,7,8-tetramethyl-2-(4,8,12-trimethyltri-decyl)-2 H-1-benzopyran-6-yl]oxy]carbonyl]-3-oxo-3-[(2-sulfoethyl)amino]propyl]-L-cysteinylglycine sodium salt), a newly synthesized soluble vitamin E derivative with strong antioxidant action. We evaluated the therapeutic effects of bolus injection of ETS-GS on acute severe UC in a mouse model. METHODS An animal model of acute severe UC was induced by feeding mice 5 % dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) for 5 days, followed by 1 % DSS on days 5-8, the experimental period. ETS-GS or saline was administered by subcutaneous bolus injection during the experimental period. We examined disease activity index (DAI) score, histological score, colon length, colon weight, and serum cytokines in the mice. RESULTS The following results at day 8 in the DSS + ETS-GS group were significantly lower than those in the DSS + Saline group: DAI score, 2.6 ± 0.6 vs. 3.1 ± 0.5; histological score, 2.1 ± 1.0 vs. 3.1 ± 0.8; serum interleukin (IL)-6, 15 ± 9.4 vs. 39 ± 23 pg/ml; and keratinocyte-derived chemokine (KC), 122 ± 61 vs. 228 ± 66 pg/ml (P < 0.05). Colon length, colon weight, and serum IL-10 in the DSS + ETS-GS group were significantly higher than those in the DSS + Saline group (88 ± 12 vs. 75 ± 5.7 mm, 0.48 ± 0.09 vs. 0.38 ± 0.05 g, and 55 ± 18 vs. 31 ± 10 pg/ml, respectively; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Bolus injection of ETS-GS may be one therapeutic modality for acute severe UC. Its effects are associated with suppression of serum IL-6 and serum KC and promotion of serum IL-10.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Hiratsuka
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Yufu-city, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
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Kandhare AD, Ghosh P, Ghule AE, Zambare GN, Bodhankar SL. Protective effect of Phyllanthus amarus by modulation of endogenous biomarkers and DNA damage in acetic acid induced ulcerative colitis: Role of phyllanthin and hypophyllanthin. APOLLO MEDICINE 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apme.2013.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Chávez E, Castro-Sánchez L, Shibayama M, Tsutsumi V, Moreno MG, Muriel P. Sulfasalazine prevents the increase in TGF-β, COX-2, nuclear NFκB translocation and fibrosis in CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis in the rat. Hum Exp Toxicol 2012; 31:913-20. [PMID: 22381741 DOI: 10.1177/0960327112438928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that this sulfasalazine (SF) inhibits the nuclear factor κB (NFκB) pathway, which regulates important genes during inflammation and immune answer. The aim of this work was to evaluate the effects of SF on carbon tetrachloride (CCl(4))-induced liver fibrosis. We formed the following experimental groups of rats: controls, damage induced by chronic CCl(4) (0.4 g/kg, intraperitoneally, three times a week for 8 weeks) administration and CCl(4) + SF (100 mg/kg/day, postoperatively for 8 weeks) administration. We determined the activities of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (γ-GTP), cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2, lipid peroxidation, glutathione levels, collagen content, expression of transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) and nuclear translocation of NFκB. SF was capable to inhibit the ALT and γ-GTP elevated levels induced with the CCl(4) administration. SF had antioxidant properties, prevented the lipid peroxidation and the imbalance of reduced and oxidized glutathione produced by CCl(4). Importantly, SF blocked the accumulation of collagen in the liver, the expression of TGF-β, the nuclear translocation of NFκB and the activity of COX-2, all induced with the administration of CCl(4) in the rat. These results show that SF has strong antifibrotic properties because of its antioxidant properties and its ability to prevent nuclear translocation of NFκB and consequently the expression of TGF-β and the activity of COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Chávez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Cinvestav-IPN, Apdo, México, DF México
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Patil MVK, Kandhare AD, Bhise SD. Effect of aqueous extract of Cucumis sativus Linn. fruit in ulcerative colitis in laboratory animals. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(12)60344-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Joshi R, Gangabhagirathi R, Venu S, Adhikari S, Mukherjee T. Antioxidant activity and free radical scavenging reactions of gentisic acid: in-vitro and pulse radiolysis studies. Free Radic Res 2011; 46:11-20. [PMID: 22023109 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2011.633518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract Antioxidant activity of gentisic acid has been studied using fast chemical kinetics and two in vitro models, namely the isolated rat liver mitochondria (RLM) and the human erythrocytes. The presence of gentisic acid (GA) during irradiation significantly reduced the levels of gamma radiation induced damages to lipids and proteins in RLM. Further, GA imparted protection to the human erythrocytes against exposure to gamma radiation. Molecular mechanism of free radical scavenging reactions has been evaluated with the help of rate constants and transients obtained from gentisic acid using pulse radiolysis technique. GA efficiently scavenged hydroxyl radical (k = 1.1 × 10(10) dm(3)mol(-1)s(-1)) to produce reducing adduct radical (~76%) and oxidizing phenoxyl radical (~24%). GA has also scavenged organohaloperoxyl radical (k = 9.3 × 10(7) dm(3) mol(-1)s(-1)). Ascorbate has been found to repair phenoxyl radical of GA (k = 1.0 × 10(7) dm(3)mol(-1)s(-1)). Redox potential value of GA(•)/GA couple (0.774 V vs NHE) obtained by cyclic voltammetry is less than those of physiologically important oxidants, which supports the observed antioxidant capacity of GA. We, therefore, propose that the antioxidant and radioprotective properties of GA are exerted by its phenoxyl group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Joshi
- Radiation & Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Center, Mumbai, India.
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Fu H, Lin M, Katsumura Y, Muroya Y. Free-radical scavenging activities of silybin and its analogues: A pulse radiolysis study. INT J CHEM KINET 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/kin.20589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Martín MJ, Zapatero J, López M. Prevention of future incidents and investigational lines. Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2011; 16:153-61. [PMID: 24376973 PMCID: PMC3863191 DOI: 10.1016/j.rpor.2011.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
All radiation devices in use nowadays are subject to cause serious incidents and accidents, with potential risks in exposed population groups. These risks may have immediate or long term health implications. The detection of radioactive incidents is a procedure that should be systematized in economically developed societies. International organizations may provide support to other states in the event of a radioactive incident. Prevention, mitigation and treatment of the radiation effects are done by anticipating the moment of exposure and by establishing new efforts for investigation of radioprotective products. In this article we will analyze the causes of radiological incidents, the means to detect them, and the current preventive and therapeutic procedures available, with special emphasis on new biodosimetry methods for triage and investigational radioprotective drugs. Finally, we will explore the most efficient measures, for future prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - José Zapatero
- Hospital Central de la Defensa Gómez Ulla, Madrid, Spain
| | - Mario López
- Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Madrid, Spain
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López-Alarcón C, Lissi E, Hoffmann P, Mella J, Pessoa-Mahana C, Speisky H, Möller M, Ferrer-Sueta G, Denicola A. Interaction of 5-aminosalicylic acid with nitrous acid: formation of the diazonium derivative and nitric oxide release. CAN J CHEM 2011. [DOI: 10.1139/v11-056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The reaction of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) with nitrous acid has been studied at low pH under conditions that simulate a gastric environment. The course of the reaction was followed by UV–visible and fluorescence spectroscopy and the products were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with UV–visible and mass spectroscopic detectors. In addition, the formation of nitric oxide (NO) was estimated electrochemically. 5-ASA was readily consumed in a process catalyzed by chloride and thiocyanate, whose rate is first order in 5-ASA and second order in nitrous acid. 2-Hydroxy-5-diazonium benzoic acid (diazonium derivative) and NO were detected as products of the reaction. From the NO formation profiles, it is concluded that NO is produced as a minor product in a process parallel to the path that leads to generation of the diazonium derivative. While the formation of NO could be beneficial for the protection of the stomach, the generation of the diazonium derivative could be considered a potentially toxic process.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. López-Alarcón
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile
| | - E. Lissi
- Facultad de Química y Biología, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - P. Hoffmann
- UMR/CNRS 5068, Université Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - J. Mella
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile
| | - C.D. Pessoa-Mahana
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, C.P. 782 0436, Santiago, Chile
| | - H. Speisky
- Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - M. Möller
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - G. Ferrer-Sueta
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
| | - A. Denicola
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, and Center for Free Radical and Biomedical Research, Universidad de la República, Montevideo 11400, Uruguay
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Couto D, Ribeiro D, Freitas M, Gomes A, Lima JLFC, Fernandes E. Scavenging of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species by the prodrug sulfasalazine and its metabolites 5-aminosalicylic acid and sulfapyridine. Redox Rep 2011; 15:259-67. [PMID: 21208525 DOI: 10.1179/135100010x12826446921707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfasalazine is a prodrug composed by a molecule of 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) and sulfapyridine (SP), linked by an azo bond, which has been shown to be effective in the therapy of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) such as ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, as well as of rheumatic diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. The precise mechanism of action of sulfasalazine and/or its metabolites has not been completely elucidated, though its antioxidant effects are well established and are probably due to its scavenging effects against reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS), as well as metal chelating properties, in association to its inhibitory effects over neutrophil oxidative burst. The present work was focused on screening and comparing the potential scavenging activity for an array of ROS (O(2)(•-), H(2)O(2), (1)O(2), ROO(•) and HOCl) and RNS ((•)NO and ONOO(-)), mediated by sulfasalazine and its metabolites 5-ASA and SP, using validated in vitro screening systems. The results showed that both 5-ASA and sulfasalazine were able to scavenge all the tested ROS while SP was practically ineffective in all the assays. For HOCl, (1)O(2), and ROO(•), 5-ASA showed the best scavenging effects. A new and important finding of the present study was the strong scavenging effect of 5-ASA against (1)O(2). 5-ASA was shown to be a strong scavenger of (•)NO and ONOO(-). Sulfasalazine was also able to scavenge these RNS, although with a much lower potency than 5-ASA. SP was unable to scavenge (•)NO in the tested concentrations but was shown to scavenge ONOO(-), with a higher strength when the assay was performed in the presence of 25 mM bicarbonate, suggesting further scavenging of oxidizing carbonate radical. In conclusion, the ROS- and RNS-scavenging effects of sulfasalazine and its metabolites shown in this study may contribute to the anti-inflammatory effects mediated by sulfasalazine through the prevention of the oxidative/nitrative/nitrosative damages caused by these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Couto
- REQUIMTE, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Takhshid MA, Mehrabani D, Ai J, Zarepoor M. The healing effect of licorice extract in acetic acid-induced ulcerative colitis in rat model. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-011-1249-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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50
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Ivison SM, Wang C, Himmel ME, Sheridan J, Delano J, Mayer ML, Yao Y, Kifayet A, Steiner TS. Oxidative stress enhances IL-8 and inhibits CCL20 production from intestinal epithelial cells in response to bacterial flagellin. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 2010; 299:G733-41. [PMID: 20595617 DOI: 10.1152/ajpgi.00089.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells act as innate immune sentinels, as the first cells that encounter diarrheal pathogens. They use pattern recognition molecules such as the Toll-like receptors (TLRs) to identify molecular signals found on microbes but not host cells or food components. TLRs cannot generally distinguish the molecular signals on pathogenic bacteria from those found in commensals, yet under healthy conditions epithelial immune responses are kept in check. We hypothesized that, in the setting of tissue damage or stress, intestinal epithelial cells would upregulate their responses to TLR ligands to reflect the greater need for immediate protection against pathogens. We treated Caco-2 cells with the TLR5 agonist flagellin in the presence or absence of H(2)O(2) and measured chemokine production and intracellular signaling pathways. H(2)O(2) increased flagellin-induced IL-8 (CXCL8) production in a dose-dependent manner. This was associated with synergistic phosphorylation of p38 MAP kinase and with prolonged I-kappaB degradation and NF-kappaB activation. The H(2)O(2)-mediated potentiation of IL-8 production required the activity of p38, tyrosine kinases, phospholipase Cgamma, and intracellular calcium, but not protein kinase C or protein kinase D. H(2)O(2) prolonged and augmented NF-kappaB activation by flagellin. In contrast to IL-8, CCL20 (MIP3alpha) production by flagellin was reduced by H(2)O(2), and this effect was not calcium dependent. Oxidative stress biases intestinal epithelial responses to flagellin, leading to increased production of IL-8 and decreased production of CCL20. This suggests that epithelial cells are capable of sensing the extracellular environment and adjusting their antimicrobial responses accordingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabine M Ivison
- Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
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