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Gong F, Jia Y, Sun X, Min H, Jia X, Wang F, Huang X, Lin X, Li Z, Wu Y. The influence of media use degree on public depressive symptoms: mediating role of big five personality. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:616. [PMID: 37608360 PMCID: PMC10463842 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05097-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mixed results have been found regarding the relationship between media use degree and depressive symptoms. The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between media use degree, big five personality and depressive symptoms with a mediation model. METHOD This was a cross-sectional study. With 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), 10-item Big Five Inventory (BFI-10) and self-designed media usage scale, 11,031 participants aged 12 and above in 120 cities in China were collected. Pearson correlation analysis and regression analysis were performed on the data. The Process plug-in was used to construct the mediation model and explore the relationship among media use degree, big five personality and depressive symptoms. The nonparametric percentile Bootstrap method was used to test the mediating effect of personality traits. RESULTS The degree of media use was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (r = 0.20, P < 0.001), and big five personality played a mediating role between the degree of media use and depressive symptoms. Among five traits, extroversion (r=-0.12, P < 0.001), conscientiousness (r=-0.23, P < 0.001), openness (r=-0.03, P < 0.01) and agreeableness (r=-0.22, P < 0.001) were negatively correlated with depressive symptoms, and neuroticism (r = 0.25, P < 0.001) were positively correlated with depressive symptoms. In addition, extraversion (-0.004, -0.001), conscientiousness (-0.015, -0.008), agreeableness (-0.008, -0.001) and neuroticism (-0.015, -0.007) in big five personality played a mediating role between media use and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION The degree of media use positively predicted depressive symptoms, and excessive media use may bring risks to mental health. People with high neuroticism, low agreeableness, low conscientiousness and low extroversion are more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangmin Gong
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou, China
| | - Yuhan Jia
- School of Literature and Journalism Communication, Jishou University, Jishou, China.
- Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, 120 Renmin South Road, Jishou City, Hunan Province, China.
| | - Xinying Sun
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Hewei Min
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocen Jia
- School of Public Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao, China
| | - Fei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cognitive Neuroscience and Learning, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
| | - Xincheng Huang
- School of Economics and Management, Beijing Institute of Graphic Communication, Beijing, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Stomatology, North Sichuan Medical College, Sichaun, China
| | - Zheming Li
- School of basic medicine, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China
| | - Yibo Wu
- School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing, China.
- , 38 Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, China.
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Bowen PG, Affuso O, Opoku-Agyeman W, Mixon VR, Clay OJ. Texting Older Sisters to Step to Manage Obesity in Older Black Women: A Feasibility Study. Am J Prev Med 2022; 63:S56-S66. [PMID: 35725141 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Black women are disproportionately classified as overweight or obese and physically inactive. Social support and culturally relevant and age-appropriate physical active interventions are needed to reduce inactivity and to prevent weight gain among this group. Mobile-health text messages have shown to be an acceptable, feasible and interactive way to promote physical activity among older Black women. STUDY DESIGN This feasibility, 12-week RCT, deployed between August 2020 and December 2020, aimed to determine the feasibility and effectiveness of a mobile health intervention that focused on increasing physical activity behaviors among community-dwelling, older Black women who were age ≥60 years and classified with overweight or obesity. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Community-dwelling, older Black women. INTERVENTION The intervention group received physical activity promotion text messages daily, whereas the control group received 1 neutral message related to general health information weekly. MEASURES At baseline and post intervention assessments, researchers obtained HbA1c levels, weight, BMI, waist circumference, and questionnaires related to physical activity. Post-intervention satisfaction was also collected through a survey. RESULTS The intervention group had an average increase of approximately 700 steps per day more than the control group, lost more waist circumference inches (2.2) than the controls, and averaged more pound loss (2.5) than controls. The control group had a greater HbA1c reduction, whereas the intervention group remained stable. The text messages were 100% readable, and 95% of the women stated the study was motivational. Overall, 12% of participants suggested that future studies should include more in-person social support, and 8.3% said that daily text messages were too much. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that a mobile health physical activity intervention that uses self-monitoring techniques in conjunction with motivational cues, is an acceptable delivery method and a promising strategy to increase physical activity behaviors among this population, which is feasible, potentially efficacious, and low cost. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04114071.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pamela G Bowen
- Nursing - Acute, Chronic & Continuing Care Department, School of Nursing, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
| | - Olivia Affuso
- School of Public Health, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
| | - William Opoku-Agyeman
- School of Health and Applied Human Sciences, College of Health & Human Services, University of North Carolina Wilmington, Wilmington, North Carolina
| | - Veronica R Mixon
- Department of Psychology, Florida Agricultural and Mechanical University, Tallahassee, Florida
| | - Olivio J Clay
- Department of Psychology, College of Arts and Sciences, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama
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Girela-Serrano BM, Spiers ADV, Ruotong L, Gangadia S, Toledano MB, Di Simplicio M. Impact of mobile phones and wireless devices use on children and adolescents' mental health: a systematic review. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2022:10.1007/s00787-022-02012-8. [PMID: 35705765 PMCID: PMC9200624 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-022-02012-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Growing use of mobiles phones (MP) and other wireless devices (WD) has raised concerns about their possible effects on children and adolescents' wellbeing. Understanding whether these technologies affect children and adolescents' mental health in positive or detrimental ways has become more urgent following further increase in use since the COVID-19 outbreak. To review the empirical evidence on associations between use of MP/WD and mental health in children and adolescents. A systematic review of literature was carried out on Medline, Embase and PsycINFO for studies published prior to July 15th 2019, PROSPERO ID: CRD42019146750. 25 observational studies published between January 1st 2011 and 2019 were reviewed (ten were cohort studies, 15 were cross-sectional). Overall estimated participant mean age and proportion female were 14.6 years and 47%, respectively. Substantial between-study heterogeneity in design and measurement of MP/WD usage and mental health outcomes limited our ability to infer general conclusions. Observed effects differed depending on time and type of MP/WD usage. We found suggestive but limited evidence that greater use of MP/WD may be associated with poorer mental health in children and adolescents. Risk of bias was rated as 'high' for 16 studies, 'moderate' for five studies and 'low' for four studies. More high-quality longitudinal studies and mechanistic research are needed to clarify the role of sleep and of type of MP/WD use (e.g. social media) on mental health trajectories in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braulio M Girela-Serrano
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK.
- Westminster Children and Adolescents Mental Health Services, Central and North West London NHS Foundation Trust, London, W9 2NW, UK.
| | - Alexander D V Spiers
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit On Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Liu Ruotong
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Shivani Gangadia
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
| | - Mireille B Toledano
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- NIHR Health Protection Research Unit On Chemical Radiation Threats and Hazards, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
- Mohn Centre for Children's Health and Wellbeing, School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, UK
| | - Martina Di Simplicio
- Division of Psychiatry, Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, 7th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK
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Hartford A, Stein DJ. Attentional Harms and Digital Inequalities. JMIR Ment Health 2022; 9:e30838. [PMID: 35147504 PMCID: PMC8881781 DOI: 10.2196/30838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen growing public concern about the effects of persuasive digital technologies on public mental health and well-being. As the draws on our attention reach such staggering scales and as our ability to focus our attention on our own considered ends erodes ever further, the need to understand and articulate what is at stake has become pressing. In this ethical viewpoint, we explore the concept of attentional harms and emphasize their potential seriousness. We further argue that the acknowledgment of these harms has relevance for evolving debates on digital inequalities. An underdiscussed aspect of web-based inequality concerns the persuasions, and even the manipulations, that help to generate sustained attentional loss. These inequalities are poised to grow, and as they do, so will concerns about justice with regard to the psychological and self-regulatory burdens of web-based participation for different internet users. In line with calls for multidimensional approaches to digital inequalities, it is important to recognize these potential harms as well as to empower internet users against them even while expanding high-quality access.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Hartford
- Brain-Behaviour Unit, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Dan J Stein
- South African Medical Research Council Unit on Risk & Resilience in Mental Disorders, Department of Psychiatry & Neuroscience Institute, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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Reduced vmPFC volume mediates the association between early exposure to family material hardship and problematic mobile phone use: The moderating role of parental attachment. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12144-022-02720-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Deruelle P, Lelorain S, Deghilage S, Couturier E, Guilbert E, Berveiller P, Sénat MV, Vayssière C, Sentilhes L, Perrotin F, Gallot D, Chauleur C, Sananes N, Roth E, Luton D, Caputo M, Lorio E, Chatelet C, Couster J, Timbely O, Doret-Dion M, Duhamel A, Pigeyre M. Rationale and design of ePPOP-ID: a multicenter randomized controlled trial using an electronic-personalized program for obesity in pregnancy to improve delivery. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2020; 20:602. [PMID: 33028261 PMCID: PMC7542973 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-020-03288-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Pre-pregnancy obesity and excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) are established risk factors for adverse pregnancy, delivery and birth outcomes. Pregnancy is an ideal moment for nutritional interventions in order to establish healthier lifestyle behaviors in women at high risk of obstetric and neonatal complications. Methods Electronic-Personalized Program for Obesity during Pregnancy to Improve Delivery (ePPOP-ID) is an open multicenter randomized controlled trial which will assess the efficacy of an e-health web-based platform offering a personalized lifestyle program to obese pregnant women in order to reduce the rate of labor procedures and delivery interventions in comparison to standard care. A total of 860 eligible pregnant women will be recruited in 18 centers in France between 12 and 22 weeks of gestation, randomized into the intervention or the control arm and followed until 10 weeks of postpartum. The intervention is based on nutrition, eating behavior, physical activity, motivation and well-being advices in which personalization is central, as well as the use of a mobile/tablet application. Inputs includes data from the medical record of participants (medical history, anthropometric data), from the web platform (questionnaires on dietary habits, eating behavior, physical activity and motivation in both groups), and adherence to the program (time of connection for the intervention group only). Data are collected at inclusion, 32 weeks, delivery and 10 weeks postpartum. As primary outcome, we will use a composite endpoint score of obstetrical interventions during labor and delivery, defined as caesarean section and instrumental delivery (forceps and vacuum extractor). Secondary outcomes will consist of data routinely collected as part of usual antenatal and perinatal care, such as GWG, hypertension, preeclampsia, as well as fetal and neonatal outcomes including premature birth, gestational age at birth, birth weight, macrosomia, Apgar score, arterial umbilical cord pH, neonatal traumatism, hyperbilirubinemia, respiratory distress syndrome, transfer in neonatal intensive care unit, and neonatal adiposity. Post-natal outcomes will be duration of breastfeeding, maternal weight retention and child weight at postnatal visit. Discussion The findings of the ePPOP-ID trial will help design e-health intervention program for obese women in pregnancy. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02924636 / October 5th 2016.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe Deruelle
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 4489 - Environnement Périnatal et Santé, F-59000, Lille, France. .,Pôle Gynécologie, Obstétrique et Fertilité, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67200, Strasbourg cedex, France.
| | - Sophie Lelorain
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193 - SCALab - Cognitive and Affective Sciences, Lille, France
| | - Sylvie Deghilage
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 4489 - Environnement Périnatal et Santé, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Emmanuelle Couturier
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 4489 - Environnement Périnatal et Santé, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Elodie Guilbert
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 4489 - Environnement Périnatal et Santé, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Paul Berveiller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Poissy Saint Germain hospital, Poissy, France
| | - Marie Victoire Sénat
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Department of Gynecology-Obstetrics, Bicêtre Hospital, University of Paris-Sud, University of Medicine Paris- Saclay Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Christophe Vayssière
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Paule de Viguier Hospital, CHU Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Loïc Sentilhes
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bordeaux University Hospital, Bordeaux, France
| | - Franck Perrotin
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Inserm U1253 « Imaging and Brain » (iBrain). CHU Bretonneau, Tours, France
| | - Denis Gallot
- Pôle Femme Et Enfant, CHU Estaing, Clermont-Ferrand cedex 1, France.,R2D2-EA7281, Université d'Auvergne, Faculté de Médecine, Place Henri Dunant, Clermont-Ferrand, France
| | - Céline Chauleur
- INSERM, SAINBIOSE, U1059, Dysfonction Vasculaire et Hémostase, Université Jean-Monnet, CIC1408, F- 42055, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Nicolas Sananes
- Pôle Gynécologie, Obstétrique et Fertilité, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67200, Strasbourg cedex, France.,Maternal Fetal Medicine Department, INSERM 1121 "Biomaterials and Bioengineering", Strasbourg University Hospital, Strasbourg, France
| | - Emmanuel Roth
- Pôle Gynécologie, Obstétrique et Fertilité, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, 67200, Strasbourg cedex, France
| | - Dominique Luton
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AP-HP, Bichat hospital, Paris, France
| | - Marie Caputo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lens general hospital, Lens, France
| | - Elodie Lorio
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Valenciennes general hospital, Valenciennes, France
| | - Carla Chatelet
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Béthune general hospital, Béthune, France
| | - Julien Couster
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Boulogne general hospital, Boulogne, France
| | - Oumar Timbely
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Meaux general hospital, Meaux, France
| | - Muriel Doret-Dion
- Department of obstetrics and gynecology surgery, Femme mere enfant university hospital, hospices civils de Lyon, Bron, France
| | - Alain Duhamel
- Univ. Lille, CHU Lille, EA 2694 - Santé publique : épidémiologie et qualité des soins, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Marie Pigeyre
- Department of medicine, endocrinology division, Mc Master university, Hamilton, Canada
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Oswald TK, Rumbold AR, Kedzior SGE, Moore VM. Psychological impacts of "screen time" and "green time" for children and adolescents: A systematic scoping review. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0237725. [PMID: 32886665 PMCID: PMC7473739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0237725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Technological developments in recent decades have increased young people's engagement with screen-based technologies (screen time), and a reduction in young people's contact with nature (green time) has been observed concurrently. This combination of high screen time and low green time may affect mental health and well-being. The aim of this systematic scoping review was to collate evidence assessing associations between screen time, green time, and psychological outcomes (including mental health, cognitive functioning, and academic achievement) for young children (<5 years), schoolchildren (5-11 years), early adolescents (12-14 years), and older adolescents (15-18 years). Original quantitative studies were identified in four databases (PubMed, PsycInfo, Scopus, Embase), resulting in 186 eligible studies. A third of included studies were undertaken in Europe and almost as many in the United States. The majority of studies were cross-sectional (62%). In general, high levels of screen time appeared to be associated with unfavourable psychological outcomes while green time appeared to be associated with favourable psychological outcomes. The ways screen time and green time were conceptualised and measured were highly heterogeneous, limiting the ability to synthesise the literature. The preponderance of cross-sectional studies with broadly similar findings, despite heterogeneous exposure measures, suggested results were not artefacts. However, additional high-quality longitudinal studies and randomised controlled trials are needed to make a compelling case for causal relationships. Different developmental stages appeared to shape which exposures and outcomes were salient. Young people from low socioeconomic backgrounds may be disproportionately affected by high screen time and low green time. Future research should distinguish between passive and interactive screen activities, and incidental versus purposive exposure to nature. Few studies considered screen time and green time together, and possible reciprocal psychological effects. However, there is preliminary evidence that green time could buffer consequences of high screen time, therefore nature may be an under-utilised public health resource for youth psychological well-being in a high-tech era.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tassia K. Oswald
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Alice R. Rumbold
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Sophie G. E. Kedzior
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Vivienne M. Moore
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Robinson Research Institute, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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8
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Cavazos-Rehg P, Min C, Fitzsimmons-Craft EE, Savoy B, Kaiser N, Riordan R, Krauss M, Costello S, Wilfley D. Parental consent: A potential barrier for underage teens' participation in an mHealth mental health intervention. Internet Interv 2020; 21:100328. [PMID: 32528858 PMCID: PMC7276447 DOI: 10.1016/j.invent.2020.100328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We sought to examine whether underage adolescents displaying symptoms for a mental illness (i.e., an eating disorder) would be willing to obtain parental consent to participate in a study to test the efficacy of an evidence-based mobile mental health intervention targeting teens with eating disorders. METHODS The participants (n = 366) were 15 to 17 year-old English-speakers who post or follow social media accounts on Instagram that emphasize being thin as important or attractive. The participants were administered a survey through Qualtrics to assess eating disorder pathology, interest in trying an evidence-based mobile mental-health intervention, and comfort level with obtaining parental consent to partake in a research study about such an intervention. RESULTS About 85% of participants met clinical or subclinical criteria for an eating disorder; however, only 12% had received a treatment within the past six months. While 83% of participants were interested in trying a mobile health interventions app, only 35% indicated willingness to obtain parental consent to participate in a research study. The primary reasons presented for unwillingness to obtain consent included importance of retaining privacy and feeling that parents lack awareness or understanding about mental health issues. CONCLUSIONS While barriers exist to obtaining treatment for eating disorders, a mobile intervention app may close some of these gaps. Many underage participants indicated interest in obtaining such treatment, yet only a third were willing to obtain parental consent. Future studies should investigate how to reduce these barriers to obtaining parental consent to facilitate teen access to research and mobile mental health treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Cavazos-Rehg
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Caroline Min
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Bria Savoy
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Nina Kaiser
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Raven Riordan
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Melissa Krauss
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Shaina Costello
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Denise Wilfley
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
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9
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Misra AJ, Ong SY, Gokhale A, Khan S, Melnick ER. Opportunities for addressing gaps in primary care shared decision-making with technology: a mixed-methods needs assessment. JAMIA Open 2020; 2:447-455. [PMID: 32025641 PMCID: PMC6993997 DOI: 10.1093/jamiaopen/ooz027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives To analyze current practices in shared decision-making (SDM) in primary care and perform a needs assessment for the role of information technology (IT) interventions. Materials and Methods A mixed-methods study was conducted in three phases: (1) ethnographic observation of clinical encounters, (2) patient interviews, and (3) physician interviews. SDM was measured using the validated OPTION scale. Semistructured interviews followed an interview guide (developed by our multidisciplinary team) informed by the Traditional Decision Conflict Scale and Shared Decision Making Questionnaire. Field notes were independently coded and analyzed by two reviewers in Dedoose. Results Twenty-four patient encounters were observed in 3 diverse practices with an average OPTION score of 57.2 (0-100 scale; 95% confidence interval [CI], 51.8-62.6). Twenty-two patient and 8 physician interviews were conducted until thematic saturation was achieved. Cohen's kappa, measuring coder agreement, was 0.42. Patient domains were: establishing trust, influence of others, flexibility, frustrations, values, and preferences. Physician domains included frustrations, technology (concerns, existing use, and desires), and decision making (current methods used, challenges, and patients' understanding). Discussion Given low SDM observed, multiple opportunities for technology to enhance SDM exist based on specific OPTION items that received lower scores, including: (1) checking the patient's preferred information format, (2) asking the patient's preferred level of involvement in decision making, and (3) providing an opportunity for deferring a decision. Based on data from interviews, patients and physicians value information exchange and are open to technologies that enhance communication of care options. Conclusion Future primary care IT platforms should prioritize the 3 quantitative gaps identified to improve physician-patient communication and relationships. Additionally, SDM tools should seek to standardize common workflow steps across decisions and focus on barriers to increasing adoption of effective SDM tools into routine primary care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali J Misra
- Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Shawn Y Ong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Arjun Gokhale
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Sameer Khan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Edward R Melnick
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
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Ngaruiya C, Oti S, van de Vijver S, Kyobutungi C, Free C. Target women: Equity in access to mHealth technology in a non-communicable disease care intervention in Kenya. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220834. [PMID: 31509540 PMCID: PMC6738613 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-Communicable Diseases (NCDs) constitute 40 million deaths annually. Eighty-percent of these deaths occur in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. MHealth provides a potentially highly effective modality for global public health, however access is poorly understood. The objective of our study was to assess equity in access to mHealth in an NCD intervention in Kenya. Methods This is a secondary analysis of a complex NCD intervention targeting slum residents in Kenya. The primary outcomes were: willingness to receive SMS, whether SMS was received, and access to SMS compared to alternative health information modalities. Age, sex, level of education, level of income, type of work, number of hours worked, and home environment were explanatory variables considered. Multivariable regression analyses were used to test for association using likelihood ratio testing. Results 7,618 individual participants were included in the analysis. The median age was 44 years old. Majority (75%, n = 3,691/ 4,927) had only attended up to primary (elementary) school. Majority reported earning “KShs 7,500 or greater” (27%, n = 1,276/ 4,736). Age and level of income had evidence of association with willingness to receive SMS, and age, sex and number of hours work with whether SMS was received. SMS was the health information modality with highest odds of being accessed in older age groups (OR 4.70, 8.72 and 28.89, for age brackets 60–69, 70–79 and 80 years or older, respectively), among women (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 1.19–2.89), and second only to Baraazas (community gatherings) among those with lowest income. Conclusion Women had the greatest likelihood of receiving SMS. SMS performed equitably well amongst marginalized populations (elderly, women, and low-income) as compared to alternative health information modalities, though sensitization prior to implementation of mHealth interventions may be needed. These findings provide guidance for developing mHealth interventions targeting marginalized populations in these settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christine Ngaruiya
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Samuel Oti
- International Development Research Centre, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Steven van de Vijver
- Amsterdam Institute for Global Health and Development, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Caroline Free
- Department of Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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11
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Waller K, Furber S, Bauman A, Allman-Farinelli M, van den Dolder P, Hayes A, Facci F, Franco L, Webb A, Moses R, Colagiuri S. DTEXT - text messaging intervention to improve outcomes of people with type 2 diabetes: protocol for randomised controlled trial and cost-effectiveness analysis. BMC Public Health 2019; 19:262. [PMID: 30832638 PMCID: PMC6399841 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-019-6550-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 02/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetes prevalence is rapidly increasing, with type 2 diabetes predicted to be the leading contributor of non-communicable disease in Australia by 2020. It is anticipated that rates of type 2 diabetes will continue to increase if factors such as overweight and obesity, low physical activity and poor nutrition are not addressed. The majority of Australians with type 2 diabetes do not meet the guidelines for optimal diabetes management, and access to diabetes education is limited. This highlights the need for new interventions that can reduce existing barriers to diabetes education, attain greater population reach and support self-management strategies for people with type 2 diabetes. Mobile phone text messages have shown promising results as an intervention for people with chronic disease. They have the ability to achieve high levels of engagement and broad population reach, whilst requiring minimal resources. There is however, no evidence on the effect of text messaging to improve the health of people with type 2 diabetes in Australia. METHODS/DESIGN This randomised controlled trial aims to investigate if a 6 month text message intervention (DTEXT) can lead to improvements in glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and diabetes self-management among Australian residents in New South Wales (NSW) with type 2 diabetes. Community dwelling adults (n = 340) will be recruited with the primary outcome being change in HbA1c at 6 months. Secondary outcomes include behaviour change for diabetes self-management, self-efficacy, quality of life and intervention acceptability. An economic evaluation will be conducted using a funder plus patient perspective. DISCUSSION This study will provide evidence on the effectiveness and cost effectiveness of a text message intervention to reduce HbA1c and enhance self-management of type 2 diabetes in the Australian population. If successful, this intervention could be used as a model to complement and extend existing diabetes care in the Australian health care system. TRIAL REGISTRATION The study has been registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, Trial ID: ACTRN12617000416392 . Registered: 23 March 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Waller
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, Australia.
| | - Susan Furber
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Franca Facci
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, Australia
| | - Lisa Franco
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, Australia
| | - Alison Webb
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, Australia
| | - Robert Moses
- Illawarra Shoalhaven Local Health District, Warrawong, Australia
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12
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Wang HY, Sigerson L, Cheng C. Digital Nativity and Information Technology Addiction: Age cohort versus individual difference approaches. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2018.08.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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13
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Park S, Lee H. Patterns of Online Activities and Related Psychosocial Factors in Adolescence: a Latent Class Analysis. Int J Ment Health Addict 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-018-0035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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14
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Thomée S. Mobile Phone Use and Mental Health. A Review of the Research That Takes a Psychological Perspective on Exposure. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:E2692. [PMID: 30501032 PMCID: PMC6314044 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15122692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to carry out a review of observational studies that consider links between mobile phone use and mental health from a psychological or behavioral perspective. Systematic literature searches in PubMed and PsycINFO for articles published until 2017 were done. Exclusion criteria included: papers that considered radiofrequency fields, attention, safety, relational consequences, sexual behavior, cyberbullying, and reviews, qualitative, and case or experimental studies. A total of 4738 papers were screened by title and abstract, 404 were retrieved in full text, and 290 were included. Only 5% had any longitudinal design. Self-reporting was the dominating method of measurement. One third of the studies included children or youth. A majority of adult populations consisted of university students and/or self-selected participants. The main research results included associations between frequent mobile phone use and mental health outcomes, such as depressive symptoms and sleep problems. Mobile phone use at bedtime was associated with, e.g., shorter sleep duration and lower sleep quality. "Problematic use" (dependency) was associated with several negative outcomes. In conclusion, associations between mobile phone use and adverse mental health outcomes are found in studies that take a psychological or behavioral perspective on the exposure. However, more studies of high quality are needed in order to draw valid conclusions about the mechanisms and causal directions of associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Thomée
- Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden.
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15
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Tan KSY, Chan CML. Unequal access: Applying Bourdieu's practice theory to illuminate the challenges of ICT use among senior citizens in Singapore. J Aging Stud 2018; 47:123-131. [PMID: 30447865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaging.2018.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 04/14/2018] [Accepted: 04/18/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The following article examines the application of Pierre Bourdieu's Practice Theory in accounting for ongoing disparities in accessing information and communications technology (ICT) in Singapore among senior citizens. As the relevance of Practice Theory is increasingly recognized among both scholars of ICT and ageing studies in modern societies, this article seeks to further contextualize and demonstrate its theoretical relevance and explanatory potential within developed, multicultural and rapidly ageing societies such as Singapore. Qualitative data collected from focus group discussions and personal in-depth interviews are analyzed to gain insights into how older adults above the age of 55 in Singapore perceive and use ICT. While it is argued that unequal access to forms of capital - be they social, cultural, economic, symbolic or bodily - has an obvious role in impacting the construction of one's habitus within the field of ICT usage, our findings reveal that not all forms of capital exert a similar impact on the accessibility of ICT. The discussions and interviews suggest that social and cultural capital play a relatively more fundamental role. While the increasingly easy-to-use and economically affordable nature of ICT has made it more accessible, our findings indicate that many older persons in Singapore still lack the necessary educational backgrounds, linguistic skills and supportive social networks that facilitate easier access. Such insights ultimately have implications on the nature of efforts by the state to create a more digitally inclusive society in Singapore.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin S Y Tan
- S.R. Nathan School of Human Development, Singapore University of Social Sciences, 463 Clementi Road, 599491, Singapore.
| | - Calvin M L Chan
- School of Business, Singapore University of Social Sciences, 463 Clementi Road, 599491, Singapore.
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16
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Mahmoodi H, Nadrian H, Shaghaghi A, Jafarabadi MA, Ahmadi A, Saqqezi GS. Factors associated with mental health among high school students in Iran: Does mobile phone overuse associate with poor mental health? JOURNAL OF CHILD AND ADOLESCENT PSYCHIATRIC NURSING 2018; 31:6-13. [PMID: 29974565 DOI: 10.1111/jcap.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Revised: 05/31/2018] [Accepted: 06/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PROBLEM Mobile phone (MP) overuse is extensively rising among high school students in developing countries. Our aim in this study is to investigate the association between MP overuse and mental health, in the presence of other determinant factors, among high school students in Iran. METHODS We recruited a clustered random sample of 1,034 high school students in Saqqez County, Iran, to complete a self-administered questionnaire with three sections: a sociodemographic questionnaire, Mobile Phone Addiction Index, and General Health Questionnaire. FINDINGS A majority of the students (n = 654, 63.2%) were found to be with poor mental health. Applying multiple logistic regression, gender (odds ratio [OR] = 1.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.15-1.97), education degree (OR = 1.47; 95% CI = 1.30-1.67), frequency of daily messages (OR = 1.18; 95% CI = 1.07-1.31), being awakened at night for MP use (OR = 1.83; 95% CI = 1.54-2.18), and MP overuse (OR = 3.21; 95% CI = 1.20-8.58) were found in significant associations with poor mental health. CONCLUSIONS Planning gender-based health education programs on proper use of MP for students and their parents is suggested to school healthcare providers. The parents should be educated on the proper ways of dealing with their adolescents while using MP at home.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Mahmoodi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Haidar Nadrian
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Shaghaghi
- Department of Health Education and Promotion, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi
- Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Statistics and Epidemiology, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Asad Ahmadi
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Faculty of Health, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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17
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Design and development of a complex narrative intervention delivered by text messages to reduce binge drinking among socially disadvantaged men. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2018; 4:105. [PMID: 29992038 PMCID: PMC5989343 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-018-0298-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Socially disadvantaged men are at high risk of suffering from alcohol-related harm. Disadvantaged groups are less likely to engage with health promotion. There is a need for interventions that reach large numbers at low cost and which promote high levels of engagement with the behaviour change process. The aim of this study was to design a theoretically and empirically based text message intervention to reduce binge drinking by socially disadvantaged men. Results Following MRC guidance, the intervention was developed in four stages. Stage 1 developed a detailed behaviour change strategy based on existing literature and theory from several areas. These included the psychological theory that would underpin the intervention, alcohol brief interventions, text message interventions, effective behaviour change techniques, narratives in behaviour change interventions and communication theory. In addition, formative research was carried out. A logic model was developed to depict the pathways between intervention inputs, processes and outcomes for behaviour change. Stage 2 created a narrative which illustrated and modelled key steps in the strategy. Stage 3 rendered the intervention into a series of text messages and ensured that appropriate behavioural change techniques were incorporated. Stage 4 revised the messages to ensure comprehensive coverage of the behaviour change strategy and coherence of the narrative. It also piloted the intervention and made final revisions to it. Conclusions The structured, systematic approach to design created a narrative intervention which had a strong theoretical and empirical basis. The use of a narrative helped make the intervention realistic and allowed key behaviour change techniques to be modelled by characters. The narrative was intended to promote engagement with the intervention. The intervention was rendered into a series of short text messages, and subsequent piloting showed they were acceptable in the target group. Delivery of an intervention by text message offers a low-cost, low-demand method that can reach large numbers of people. This approach provides a framework for the design of behaviour change interventions which could be used for interventions to tackle other health behaviours. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s40814-018-0298-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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18
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Favotto L, Michaelson V, Davison C. Perceptions of the influence of computer-mediated communication on the health and well-being of early adolescents. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2018; 12:1335575. [PMID: 28657469 PMCID: PMC5510214 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2017.1335575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent technological advances have provided many youth with daily, almost continuous cell-phone and Internet connectivity through portable devices. Young people’s experiences with computer-mediated communication (CMC) and their views about how this form of communication affects their health have not been fully explored in the scientific literature. A purposeful maximum variation sample of young people (aged 11–15 years) across Ontario was identified, using key informants for recruitment. The young people participated in seven focus groups (involving a total of 40 adolescents), and discussed various aspects of health including the health impacts of CMC. Inductive content analysis of the focus group transcripts revealed two overarching concepts: first, that the relationship between health and the potential impacts of CMC is multidimensional; and secondly, that there exists a duality of both positive and negative potential influences of CMC on health. Within this framework, four themes were identified involving CMC and: (1) physical activity, (2) negative mental and emotional disturbance, (3) mindfulness, and (4) relationships. With this knowledge, targeted strategies for healthy technology use that draw on the perspectives of young people can be developed, and can then be implemented by parents, teachers, and youth themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lindsay Favotto
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , Queen's University , Kingston , Ontario , Canada.,c Department of Emergency Medicine , Kingston General Hospital Research Institute , Kingston , Ontario , Canada
| | | | - Colleen Davison
- a Department of Public Health Sciences , Queen's University , Kingston , Ontario , Canada.,c Department of Emergency Medicine , Kingston General Hospital Research Institute , Kingston , Ontario , Canada
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19
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Schoeni A, Roser K, Röösli M. Symptoms and the use of wireless communication devices: A prospective cohort study in Swiss adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2017; 154:275-283. [PMID: 28113068 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2016] [Revised: 01/02/2017] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated whether radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) from mobile phones and other wireless devices or by the wireless device use itself due to non-radiation related factors in that context are associated with an increase in health symptom reports of adolescents in Central Switzerland. METHODS In a prospective cohort study, 439 study participants (participation rate: 36.8%) aged 12-17 years, completed questionnaires about their mobile and cordless phone use, their self-reported symptoms and possible confounding factors at baseline (2012/2013) and one year later (2013/2014). Operator recorded mobile phone data was obtained for a subgroup of 234 adolescents. RF-EMF dose measures considering various factors affecting RF-EMF exposure were computed for the brain and the whole body. Data were analysed using a mixed-logistic cross-sectional model and a cohort approach, where we investigated whether cumulative dose over one year was related to a new onset of a symptom between baseline and follow-up. All analyses were adjusted for relevant confounders. RESULTS Participation rate in the follow-up was 97% (425 participants). In both analyses, cross-sectional and cohort, various symptoms tended to be mostly associated with usage measures that are only marginally related to RF-EMF exposure such as the number of text messages sent per day (e.g. tiredness: OR:1.81; 95%CI:1.20-2.74 for cross-sectional analyses and OR:1.87; 95%CI:1.04-3.38 for cohort analyses). Outcomes were generally less strongly or not associated with mobile phone call duration and RF-EMF dose measures. CONCLUSIONS Stronger associations between symptoms of ill health and wireless communication device use than for RF-EMF dose measures were observed. Such a result pattern does not support a causal association between RF-EMF exposure and health symptoms of adolescents but rather suggests that other aspects of extensive media use are related to symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Schoeni
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Katharina Roser
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Martin Röösli
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Socinstrasse 57, P.O. Box, CH-4002 Basel, Switzerland; University of Basel, Petersplatz 1, CH-4003 Basel, Switzerland.
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20
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A socioeconomic related 'digital divide' exists in how, not if, young people use computers. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0175011. [PMID: 28362868 PMCID: PMC5376329 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0175011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2016] [Accepted: 03/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Government initiatives have tried to ensure uniform computer access for young people; however a divide related to socioeconomic status (SES) may still exist in the nature of information technology (IT) use. This study aimed to investigate this relationship in 1,351 Western Australian children between 6 and 17 years of age. All participants had computer access at school and 98.9% at home. Neighbourhood SES was related to computer use, IT activities, playing musical instruments, and participating in vigorous physical activity. Participants from higher SES neighbourhoods were more exposed to school computers, reading, playing musical instruments, and vigorous physical activity. Participants from lower SES neighbourhoods were more exposed to TV, electronic games, mobile phones, and non-academic computer activities at home. These patterns may impact future economic, academic, and health outcomes. Better insight into neighbourhood SES influences will assist in understanding and managing the impact of computer use on young people's health and development.
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21
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Thakkar J, Barry T, Thiagalingam A, Redfern J, McEwan AL, Rodgers A, Chow CK. Design Considerations in Development of a Mobile Health Intervention Program: The TEXT ME and TEXTMEDS Experience. JMIR Mhealth Uhealth 2016; 4:e127. [PMID: 27847350 PMCID: PMC5128723 DOI: 10.2196/mhealth.5996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mobile health (mHealth) has huge potential to deliver preventative health services. However, there is paucity of literature on theoretical constructs, technical, practical, and regulatory considerations that enable delivery of such services. Objectives The objective of this study was to outline the key considerations in the development of a text message-based mHealth program; thus providing broad recommendations and guidance to future researchers designing similar programs. Methods We describe the key considerations in designing the intervention with respect to functionality, technical infrastructure, data management, software components, regulatory requirements, and operationalization. We also illustrate some of the potential issues and decision points utilizing our experience of developing text message (short message service, SMS) management systems to support 2 large randomized controlled trials: TEXT messages to improve MEDication adherence & Secondary prevention (TEXTMEDS) and Tobacco, EXercise and dieT MEssages (TEXT ME). Results The steps identified in the development process were: (1) background research and development of the text message bank based on scientific evidence and disease-specific guidelines, (2) pilot testing with target audience and incorporating feedback, (3) software-hardware customization to enable delivery of complex personalized programs using prespecified algorithms, and (4) legal and regulatory considerations. Additional considerations in developing text message management systems include: balancing the use of customized versus preexisting software systems, the level of automation versus need for human inputs, monitoring, ensuring data security, interface flexibility, and the ability for upscaling. Conclusions A merging of expertise in clinical and behavioral sciences, health and research data management systems, software engineering, and mobile phone regulatory requirements is essential to develop a platform to deliver and manage support programs to hundreds of participants simultaneously as in TEXT ME and TEXTMEDS trials. This research provides broad principles that may assist other researchers in developing mHealth programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jay Thakkar
- The George Institute for Global Health, Camperdown, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Tony Barry
- Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Aravinda Thiagalingam
- Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - Julie Redfern
- The George Institute for Global Health, Camperdown, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | | | - Anthony Rodgers
- The George Institute for Global Health, Camperdown, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Clara K Chow
- The George Institute for Global Health, Camperdown, Australia.,Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.,Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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22
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Sudan M, Olsen J, Arah OA, Obel C, Kheifets L. Prospective cohort analysis of cellphone use and emotional and behavioural difficulties in children. J Epidemiol Community Health 2016; 70:1207-1213. [PMID: 27217533 DOI: 10.1136/jech-2016-207419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2016] [Revised: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously reported associations between cellphone exposure and emotional and behavioural difficulties in children in the Danish National Birth Cohort using cross-sectional data. To overcome the limitations of cross-sectional analysis, we re-examined these associations with prospectively collected data. METHODS Based on maternal reports, prenatal and postnatal cellphone exposures were assessed at age 7 years, and emotional and behavioural difficulties were assessed at 7 and 11 years with the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. We used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression models to estimate ORs and 95% CIs relating prenatal exposure and age-7 cellphone use to emotional and behavioural difficulties at age 11 years. RESULTS Children without emotional and behavioural difficulties at age 7 years, but who had cellphone exposures, had increased odds of emotional and behavioural difficulties at age 11 years, with an OR of 1.58 (95% CI 1.34 to 1.86) for children with both prenatal and age-7 cellphone exposures, 1.41 (95% CI 1.20 to 1.66) for prenatal exposure only, and 1.36 (95% CI 1.14 to 1.63) for age-7 use only. These results did not materially change when early adopters were excluded, or when children with emotional and behavioural difficulties at age 7 years were included in the analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings are consistent with patterns seen in earlier studies, and suggest that both prenatal and postnatal exposures may be associated with increased risks of emotional and behavioural difficulties in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Sudan
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jorn Olsen
- Department of Public Health, Danish Epidemiology Science Centre, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Oyebuchi A Arah
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Carsten Obel
- Institute of General Medical Practice, Center for Collaborative Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Leeka Kheifets
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California, USA
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Lockwood M, Saunders M, Josephson MA, Becker YT, Lee C. Determinants of frequent Internet use in an urban kidney transplant population in the United States: characterizing the digital divide. Prog Transplant 2015; 25:9-17. [PMID: 25758795 DOI: 10.7182/pit2015957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The Internet is a staple of electronic communication and is essential to the emerging telemonitoring and health information technology interventions for adults with chronic diseases. OBJECTIVE To identify determinants of frequent Internet use in an urban kidney transplant population in the United States. DESIGN A single center, cross-sectional survey study. SETTING An urban Midwestern transplant center. PARTICIPANTS 78 pretransplant and 177 posttransplant patients. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Frequent Internet use, defined as using the Internet more than 5 hours per week. RESULTS Only 38% of participants reported being frequent Internet users. Non-Hispanic blacks and participants who reported their race/ethnicity as "other" were significantly less likely than whites to report being frequent Internet users. Women were 59% less likely than men to be frequent users of the Internet. Those who reported having kidney disease for more than 3 years were more likely to report being frequent Internet users. As education increased, Internet use increased. As age increased, Internet use decreased. CONCLUSION Alternatives to electronic information sources and/or additional resources should be considered for those who may fall in the so-called digital divide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Lockwood
- University of Chicago Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
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Kozica SL, Lombard CB, Ilic D, Ng S, Harrison CL, Teede HJ. Acceptability of delivery modes for lifestyle advice in a large scale randomised controlled obesity prevention trial. BMC Public Health 2015. [PMID: 26205958 PMCID: PMC4513385 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-1995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Preventing obesity is an international health priority and women living in rural communities are at an increased risk of weight gain. Lifestyle programs are needed as part of a comprehensive approach to prevent obesity. Evaluation provides a unique opportunity to investigate and inform improvements in lifestyle program implementation strategies. The Healthy Lifestyle Program for rural women (HeLP-her Rural) is a large scale, cluster randomized control trial, targeting the prevention of weight gain. This program utilises multiple delivery modes for simple lifestyle advice (group sessions, phone coaching, text messages, and an interactive program manual). Here, we describe the acceptability of these various delivery modes. METHODS A mixed-method process evaluation was undertaken measuring program fidelity, recruitment strategies, dose delivered, program acceptability and contextual factors influencing program implementation. Data collection methodologies included qualitative semi-structured interviews for a sub-group of intervention participants [n = 28] via thematic analysis and quantitative methods (program checklists and questionnaires [n = 190]) analysed via chi square and t-tests. RESULTS We recruited 649 women from 41 rural townships into the HeLP-her Rural program with high levels of program fidelity, dose delivered and acceptability. Participants were from low socioeconomic townships and no differences were detected between socioeconomic characteristics and the number of participants recruited across the towns (p = 0.15). A face-to-face group session was the most commonly reported preferred delivery mode for receiving lifestyle advice, followed by text messages and phone coaching. Multiple sub-themes emerged to support the value of group sessions which included: promoting of a sense of belonging, mutual support and a forum to share ideas. The value of various delivery modes was influenced by participant's various needs and learning styles. CONCLUSION This comprehensive evaluation reveals strong implementation fidelity and high levels of dose delivery. We demonstrate reach to women from relatively low income rural townships and highlight the acceptability of low intensity healthy lifestyle programs with mixed face-to-face and remote delivery modes in this population. Group education sessions were the most highly valued component of the intervention, with at least one face-to-face session critical to successful program implementation. However, lifestyle advice via multiple delivery modes is recommended to optimise program acceptability and ultimately effectiveness. TRIAL REGISTRY Australia & New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry. Trial number ACTRN12612000115831, date of registration 24/01/2012.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Kozica
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Locked Bag 29, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
| | - C B Lombard
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Locked Bag 29, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
| | - D Ilic
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia.
| | - S Ng
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Locked Bag 29, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
| | - C L Harrison
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Locked Bag 29, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia.
| | - H J Teede
- Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation (MCHRI), School of Public Health & Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Locked Bag 29, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, VIC, 3168, Australia. .,Diabetes and Vascular Medicine Unit, Monash Health, Victoria, Australia.
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Fitts Willoughby J, Furberg R. Underdeveloped or underreported? Coverage of pretesting practices and recommendations for design of text message-based health behavior change interventions. JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION 2015; 20:472-478. [PMID: 25749250 DOI: 10.1080/10810730.2014.977468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Text messaging interventions for health are becoming increasingly popular, but it is unclear how rigorously such interventions are developed and pretested before being implemented. Pretesting is important to the development of successful health communication interventions. This study reviewed the literature published on text messaging health behavior change interventions and examined pretesting practices. Results showed that pretesting is rarely mentioned in articles, although it is not clear as to why. Six articles mentioned pretesting practices conducted for their mobile intervention, and three articles were written specifically on the pretesting of an intervention. Most pretesting used qualitative methods. Recommendations are provided on pretesting best practices and pretesting reporting to help other researchers in the field of mobile health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Fitts Willoughby
- a The Edward R. Murrow College of Communication , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington , USA
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Bolte JFB, Baliatsas C, Eikelboom T, van Kamp I. Everyday exposure to power frequency magnetic fields and associations with non-specific physical symptoms. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 196:224-229. [PMID: 25463717 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF MF), or power frequency fields, and non-specific physical symptoms (NSPS). In across-sectional study, personal exposure to ELF MF was measured for 99 adults selected in and around Amsterdam, the Netherlands in 2009-2010. They were scored on 16 NSPS. As a cut-off point for the individual 24-h time weighted average exposure the 80-percentile (0.09 mT) was chosen. As only one man scored “moderately high” on the somatisation scale against nine women, we decided to proceed analyses only with the 48 women. The crude odds ratio (OR) for women was 8.50 (CI 95%: 1.73-46.75), suggesting that for women environmental exposure to ELF MF is associated with an increased score on NSPS. As this is an exploratory cross-sectional study in a relatively small sample, no conclusions regarding causality can be drawn.
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Affiliation(s)
- John F B Bolte
- Centre for Sustainability, Environment and Health, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
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Pollak KI, Alexander SC, Bennett G, Lyna P, Coffman CJ, Bilheimer A, Farrell D, Bodner ME, Swamy GK, Østbye T. Weight-related SMS texts promoting appropriate pregnancy weight gain: a pilot study. PATIENT EDUCATION AND COUNSELING 2014; 97:256-60. [PMID: 25153313 PMCID: PMC4512734 DOI: 10.1016/j.pec.2014.07.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2014] [Revised: 06/18/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Excessive gestational weight gain (GWG) puts women and children at risk of obesity. We piloted an SMS-texting intervention to promote healthy GWG among overweight and obese women. METHODS We recruited 35 women and randomized them in a 2:1 fashion to: a tailored SMS-texting intervention (Preg CHAT) vs. a generic texting intervention (Txt4baby). Preg CHAT texts provided personalized feedback based on women's intake of sweetened beverages, fruits and vegetables, fast food, daily steps taken, and weight. We abstracted women's weights from charts and surveyed women at baseline and 32 weeks gestation. RESULTS Few women refused the study; many (30%) did not complete the study, however. Of those in the Preg CHAT arm, 86% responded to texts, and 80% said they would recommend this program to a friend. For women who completed the surveys (n=23), those in the Preg CHAT arm had a mean gain of 6 less pounds than women in the Txt4Baby arm (95% CI -15.9, 4.0; p=0.24). CONCLUSIONS This pilot study shows feasibility, acceptability, and potential efficacy of a low-intensity and disseminable intervention to help overweight and obese women reduce GWG. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS An SMS texting program might help overweight women reduce excessive GWG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn I Pollak
- Cancer Control and Populations Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, USA; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA.
| | - Stewart C Alexander
- Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA; Health Services Research and Development Service, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, USA
| | - Gary Bennett
- Cancer Control and Populations Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, USA; Department of Psychology & Neuroscience and Duke Obesity Prevention Program, Duke University, Durham, USA
| | - Pauline Lyna
- Cancer Control and Populations Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, USA
| | - Cynthia J Coffman
- Health Services Research and Development Service, Durham VA Medical Center, Durham, USA; Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Alicia Bilheimer
- Cancer Control and Populations Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, USA
| | | | - Michael E Bodner
- Cancer Control and Populations Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, USA; School of Human Kinetics, Trinity Western University, Langley, USA
| | - Geeta K Swamy
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
| | - Truls Østbye
- Cancer Control and Populations Sciences, Duke Cancer Institute, Durham, USA; Department of Community and Family Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, USA
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Khokhar B, Jones J, Ronksley PE, Armstrong MJ, Caird J, Rabi D. Effectiveness of mobile electronic devices in weight loss among overweight and obese populations: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC OBESITY 2014. [PMID: 26217509 PMCID: PMC4511017 DOI: 10.1186/s40608-014-0022-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Background Mobile electronic devices, such as mobile phones and PDAs, have emerged as potentially useful tools in the facilitation and maintenance of weight loss. While RCTs have demonstrated a positive impact of mobile interventions, the extent to which mobile electronic devices are more effective than usual care methods is still being debated. Results Electronic databases were systematically searched for RCTs evaluating the effectiveness of mobile electronic device interventions among overweight and obese adults. Weighted mean difference for change in body weight was the primary outcome. The search strategy yielded 559 citations and of the 108 potentially relevant studies, six met the criteria. A total of 632 participants were included in the six studies reporting a mean change in body weight. Using a random-effects model, the WMD for the effect of using mobile electronic devices on reduction in body weight was −1.09 kg (95% CI −2.12, −0.05). When stratified by the type of mobile electronic device used, it suggests that interventions using mobile phones were effective at achieving weight loss, WMD = −1.78 kg (95% CI −2.92, −0.63). Conclusions This systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that mobile electronic devices have the potential to facilitate weight loss in overweight and obese populations, but further work is needed to understand if these interventions have sustained benefit and how we can make these mHealth tools most effective on a large scale. As the field of healthcare increasingly utilizes novel mobile technologies, the focus must not be on any one specific device but on the best possible use of these tools to measure and understand behavior. As mobile electronic devices continue to increase in popularity and the associated technology continues to advance, the potential for the use of mobile devices in global healthcare is enormous. More RCTs with larger sample sizes need to be conducted to look at the cost-effectiveness, technical and financial feasibility of adapting such mHealth interventions in a real clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bushra Khokhar
- Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | | | - Paul E Ronksley
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute (OHRI), Ottawa, Canada
| | - Marni J Armstrong
- Department of Cardiovascular and Respiratory Sciences, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Jeff Caird
- Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada ; W21C, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
| | - Doreen Rabi
- Institute of Public Health, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada
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Sudan M, Kheifets LI, Arah OA, Divan HA, Olsen J. Complexities of sibling analysis when exposures and outcomes change with time and birth order. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2014; 24:482-488. [PMID: 24064530 DOI: 10.1038/jes.2013.56] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/12/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we demonstrate the complexities of performing a sibling analysis with a re-examination of associations between cell phone exposures and behavioral problems observed previously in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Children (52,680; including 5441 siblings) followed up to age 7 were included. We examined differences in exposures and behavioral problems between siblings and non-siblings and by birth order and birth year. We estimated associations between cell phone exposures and behavioral problems while accounting for the random family effect among siblings. The association of behavioral problems with both prenatal and postnatal exposure differed between siblings (odds ratio (OR): 1.07; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.69-1.66) and non-siblings (OR: 1.54; 95% CI: 1.36-1.74) and within siblings by birth order; the association was strongest for first-born siblings (OR: 1.72; 95% CI: 0.86-3.42) and negative for later-born siblings (OR: 0.63; 95% CI: 0.31-1.25), which may be because of increases in cell phone use with later birth year. Sibling analysis can be a powerful tool for (partially) accounting for confounding by invariant unmeasured within-family factors, but it cannot account for uncontrolled confounding by varying family-level factors, such as those that vary with time and birth order.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Sudan
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Leeka I Kheifets
- Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Onyebuchi A Arah
- 1] Department of Epidemiology, UCLA School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA [2] Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Jørn Olsen
- Institute of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
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Seko Y, Kidd S, Wiljer D, McKenzie K. Youth mental health interventions via mobile phones: a scoping review. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2014; 17:591-602. [PMID: 25007383 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2014.0078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Mobile phone technologies have been hailed as a promising means for delivering mental health interventions to youth and adolescents, the age group with high cell phone penetration and with the onset of 75% of all lifetime mental disorders. Despite the growing evidence in physical health and adult mental health, however, little information is available about how mobile phones are implemented to deliver mental health services to the younger population. The purpose of this scoping study was to map the current state of knowledge regarding mobile mental health (mMental Health) for young people (age 13-24 years), identify gaps, and consider implications for future research. Seventeen articles that met the inclusion criteria provided evidence for mobile phones as a way to engage youth in therapeutic activities. The flexibility, interactivity, and spontaneous nature of mobile communications were also considered advantageous in encouraging persistent and continual access to care outside clinical settings. Four gaps in current knowledge were identified: the scarcity of studies conducted in low and middle income countries, the absence of information about the real-life feasibility of mobile tools, the need to address the issue of technical and health literacy of both young users and health professionals, and the need for critical discussion regarding diverse ethical issues associated with mobile phone use. We suggest that mMental Health researchers and clinicians should carefully consider the ethical issues related to patient-practitioner relationship, best practices, and the logic of self-surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yukari Seko
- 1 Self-Injury and e-Mental Health Lab, Department of Psychology, University of Guelph , Ontario, Canada
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Computer use, sleep duration and health symptoms: a cross-sectional study of 15-year olds in three countries. Int J Public Health 2014; 59:619-28. [DOI: 10.1007/s00038-014-0561-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Revised: 03/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/24/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
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Hughes M, Murphy M. Evaluation of a pilot national online asthma e-learning program for secondary school students. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 37:136-46. [PMID: 24745661 DOI: 10.3109/01460862.2014.902405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ireland has the fourth highest incidence of asthma in the world, with Irish children losing on average 10 days of school per annum due to their asthma. It is highly probable that a large percentage of students in each class in Irish schools have asthma and are required to manage symptoms during the out-of-home period. Young people with chronic illnesses such as asthma find themselves labelled and marginalized due to a lack of awareness of others about their condition. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES Young people who feel supported by their peers have been shown to have higher levels of self-efficacy and fewer exacerbations of their asthma symptoms. METHODS An on-line asthma e-learning program was developed to provide support to teenagers who have asthma, and help them inform their classmates and friends about asthma. A quasi-experimental approach was used to pilot the educational intervention. RESULTS The results of the pilot demonstrate that the program is effective. Teenagers who have asthma found the e-learning program to be informative and relevant to them. The increase in awareness of asthma among teenagers who did not have asthma is shown to influence their confidence in assisting their peers who are experiencing asthma symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary Hughes
- Asthma Society of Ireland and School of Nursing and Midwifery, University College Cork , Ireland and
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Siopis G, Chey T, Allman-Farinelli M. A systematic review and meta-analysis of interventions for weight management using text messaging. J Hum Nutr Diet 2014; 28 Suppl 2:1-15. [PMID: 24480032 DOI: 10.1111/jhn.12207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity prevalence continues to increase worldwide, with significant associated chronic disease and health cost implications. Among more recent innovations in health service provision is the use of text messaging for health behaviour change interventions including weight management. This review investigates the efficacy of weight management programmes incorporating text messaging. METHODS Medical and scientific databases were searched from January 1993 to October 2013. Eligibility criteria included randomised controlled trials (RCTs), pseudoRCTs and before and after studies of weight management, among healthy children and adults, that used text messaging and included a nutrition component. Data extraction and quality assessment followed guidelines from PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses) and the Evidence Analysis Manual of the American Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. RESULTS From 512 manuscripts retrieved, 14 met the inclusion criteria (five manuscripts in children and nine in adults). Duration of interventions ranged from 1 to 24 months. Frequency of text messaging was from daily to fortnightly. Six studies in adults were included in a meta-analysis with mean body weight change as the primary outcome. The weighted mean change in body weight in intervention participants was -2.56 kg (95% confidence interval = -3.46 to -1.65) and in controls -0.37 kg (95% confidence interval = -1.22 to 0.48). CONCLUSIONS The small body of evidence indicates that text messaging interventions can promote weight loss. However, lack of long-term results indicate that further efficacy studies are required. Future investigations should elucidate the determinants, such as intervention duration, text message frequency and level of interactivity that maximise the success and cost effectiveness of the delivery medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Siopis
- School of Molecular Bioscience, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Byun YH, Ha M, Kwon HJ, Choi KH, Burm E, Choi Y, Lim MH, Yoo SJ, Paik KC, Choi HD, Kim N. Epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone ownership and use in korean children and adolescents. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND TOXICOLOGY 2013; 28:e2013018. [PMID: 24498595 PMCID: PMC3909745 DOI: 10.5620/eht.2013.28.e2013018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES As public concern on possible harmful effects of mobile phone in children has been raised, information of epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone use in children and adolescents will be essential for public health policy. METHODS Using three databases (n=21,693) collected from 2008 to 2011, we examined characteristics of mobile phone ownership and use, and socioeconomic positions (SEP) in Korean children and adolescents. RESULTS The ownership rate and the amount of mobile phone use were higher in females than males, in higher school grades than lower grades, and at 2011 than 2008. The average age of first mobile phone ownership was shown to decrease from 12.5 years in currently high school students to 8.4 years in currently elementary school students at 2011. More than 90% of children in the 5th grade owned a mobile phone. More children owned a mobile phone in lower SEP communities than in higher SEP. Children with parents educated less than those with parents educated more were more likely to own and use mobile phone. CONCLUSIONS Considering the epidemiological characteristics of mobile phone use, precautionary measures to prevent unnecessary exposure to mobile phones are needed in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoon-Hwan Byun
- Department of Medical Science, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Mina Ha
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ho-Jang Kwon
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Kyung-Hwa Choi
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Eunae Burm
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Dankook University, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Yeyong Choi
- Asian Citizen's Center for Environment and Health, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Ho Lim
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Seung-Jin Yoo
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Ki-Chung Paik
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Center, Cheonan, Korea
- Department of Psychiatry, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea
| | - Hyung-Do Choi
- Radio Technology Research Department, Electronics and Telecommunication Research Institute, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Nam Kim
- School of Information and Communication Engineering, Chungbuk National University College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Cheongju, Korea
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Association between mobile phone use and depressed mood in Japanese adolescents: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health Prev Med 2013; 19:187-93. [PMID: 24347468 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-013-0373-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Mobile phones are commonly used by adolescents. The aim of this study was to clarify associations between duration of mobile phone use and psychological mood in high school students. METHODS This cross-sectional study included 2,785 high school students in Niigata, Japan. A self-administered questionnaire was used to elicit information on sex, school year, hours of mobile phone use, psychological mood status, and possible confounders. Psychological mood outcomes were evaluated with the Mood Inventory, developed and validated in 1994, which includes five subcomponents with total scores ranging from 8 to 32 (higher score indicates stronger feeling): "Tension and excitement," "Refreshing mood," "Fatigue," "Depressed mood," and "Anxious mood." Analysis of covariance with Bonferroni's multiple comparison was used to compare mean values among quartiles of hours of mobile phone use. RESULTS Among the respondents, mean mobile phone use per week was 24 (median 18) h. Long-duration mobile phone use was associated with female students, no participation in sports club activities, early mobile phone use, and fewer hours spent sleeping (all P < 0.001). Overall associations between hours of mobile phone use and total scores were significant for "Depressed mood" (P for trend = 0.005), "Tension and excitement" (P for trend <0.001), and "Fatigue" (P for trend < 0.001). Total scores for "Depressed mood," "Tension and excitement," and "Fatigue" of the fourth quartile (≥33 h/week) of mobile phone use were significantly higher than for other quartiles (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Increased duration of mobile phone use is associated with unfavorable psychological mood, in particular, a depressed mood. Decreasing mobile phone use may help maintain appropriate mental health in very long-duration users.
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Sharifi M, Dryden EM, Horan CM, Price S, Marshall R, Hacker K, Finkelstein JA, Taveras EM. Leveraging text messaging and mobile technology to support pediatric obesity-related behavior change: a qualitative study using parent focus groups and interviews. J Med Internet Res 2013; 15:e272. [PMID: 24317406 PMCID: PMC3869083 DOI: 10.2196/jmir.2780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 09/20/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Text messaging (short message service, SMS) is a widely accessible and potentially cost-effective medium for encouraging behavior change. Few studies have examined text messaging interventions to influence child health behaviors or explored parental perceptions of mobile technologies to support behavior change among children. Objective Our aim was to examine parental acceptability and preferences for text messaging to support pediatric obesity-related behavior change. Methods We conducted focus groups and follow-up interviews with parents of overweight and obese children, aged 6-12 years, seen for “well-child” care in eastern Massachusetts. A professional moderator used a semistructured discussion guide and sample text messages to catalyze group discussions. Seven participants then received 3 weeks of text messages before a follow-up one-on-one telephone interview. All focus groups and interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim. Using a framework analysis approach, we systematically coded and analyzed group and interview data to identify salient and convergent themes. Results We reached thematic saturation after five focus groups and seven follow-up interviews with a total of 31 parents of diverse race/ethnicity and education levels. Parents were generally enthusiastic about receiving text messages to support healthy behaviors for their children and preferred them to paper or email communication because they are brief and difficult to ignore. Participants anticipated high responsiveness to messaging endorsed by their child’s doctor and indicated they would appreciate messages 2-3 times/week or more as long as content remains relevant. Suggestions for maintaining message relevance included providing specific strategies for implementation and personalizing information. Most felt the negative features of text messaging (eg, limited message size) could be overcome by providing links within messages to other media including email or websites. Conclusions Text messaging is a promising medium for supporting pediatric obesity-related behavior change. Parent perspectives could assist in the design of text-based interventions. Trial Registration Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01565161; http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01565161 (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6LSaqFyPP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Sharifi
- Division of General Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.
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Moore SC, Crompton K, van Goozen S, van den Bree M, Bunney J, Lydall E. A feasibility study of short message service text messaging as a surveillance tool for alcohol consumption and vehicle for interventions in university students. BMC Public Health 2013; 13:1011. [PMID: 24160674 PMCID: PMC4137472 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2458-13-1011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Accepted: 10/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Practitioners who come into contact with the intoxicated, such as those in unscheduled care, often have limited resources to provide structured interventions. There is therefore a need for cost-effective alcohol interventions requiring minimal input. This study assesses the barriers, acceptability and validity of text messaging to collect daily alcohol consumption data and explores the feasibility of a text-delivered intervention in an exploratory randomised controlled trial. METHODS Study I. Participants (n = 82) completed the initial online screening survey and those eligible were asked each day, for 157 days via text message, to reply with the number of alcohol units consumed the previous day. Analyses compared standard measures of hazardous consumption with self-report alcohol use. Attrition and sampling biases were examined. Study I included secondary exploratory analyses using data from 70 participants to determine associations between events (including Christmas and other celebratory occasions) and consumption. Study I further included the thematic analysis of semi-structured interview data and assessed the feasibility of and barriers to surveillance and interventions delivered through text messaging. Developing findings from Study I, Study II developed an exploratory randomised control trial that delivered a single message on monthly alcohol expenditure in order to assess effect size and test generalisability. RESULTS Self-report alcohol consumption data was significantly associated with FAST and AUDIT scores. Attrition from the study was not associated with greater alcohol use. Greater alcohol use was observed on Fridays, Saturdays and Wednesdays as were notable celebratory events. Interview data indicated that text messaging was acceptable to participants and preferred over email and web-based methods. The exploratory randomised controlled trial suggested that a simple text delivered intervention might be effective in eliciting a reduction in alcohol consumption in a future trial. CONCLUSIONS The ubiquity of mobile telephones and the acceptability of text messaging suggests that this approach can be developed as a surveillance tool to collect high frequency consumption data to identify periods of vulnerability and that it can offer a platform through which targeted interventions can be delivered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon C Moore
- Violence & Society Research Group, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, CF14 4XY Cardiff, Wales
| | - Katherine Crompton
- Department of Applied Psychology, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Llandaff Campus, Western Avenue, CF5 2YB Cardiff, Wales
| | - Stephanie van Goozen
- School of Psychology, Cardiff University, 70 Park Place, CF10 3AT Cardiff, Wales
| | - Marianne van den Bree
- MRC Centre for Neuropsychiatric Genetics & Genomics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Neuadd Meirionnydd, Heath Park, CF14 4YS Cardiff, Wales
| | - Julia Bunney
- Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, CF14 4YU Cardiff, Wales
| | - Emma Lydall
- Violence & Society Research Group, School of Dentistry, Cardiff University, CF14 4XY Cardiff, Wales
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Sudan M, Kheifets L, Arah OA, Olsen J. Cell phone exposures and hearing loss in children in the Danish National Birth Cohort. Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol 2013; 27:247-57. [PMID: 23574412 PMCID: PMC3625978 DOI: 10.1111/ppe.12036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children today are exposed to cell phones early in life, and may be the most vulnerable if exposure is harmful to health. We investigated the association between cell phone use and hearing loss in children. METHODS The Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC) enrolled pregnant women between 1996 and 2002. Detailed interviews were conducted during gestation, and when the children were 6 months, 18 months and 7 years of age. We used multivariable-adjusted logistic regression, marginal structural models (MSM) with inverse-probability weighting, and doubly robust estimation (DRE) to relate hearing loss at age 18 months to cell phone use at age 7 years, and to investigate cell phone use reported at age 7 in relation to hearing loss at age 7. RESULTS Our analyses included data from 52 680 children. We observed weak associations between cell phone use and hearing loss at age 7, with odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals from the traditional logistic regression, MSM and DRE models being 1.21 [95% confidence interval [CI] 0.99, 1.46], 1.23 [95% CI 1.01, 1.49] and 1.22 [95% CI 1.00, 1.49], respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our findings could have been affected by various biases and are not sufficient to conclude that cell phone exposures have an effect on hearing. This is the first large-scale epidemiologic study to investigate this potentially important association among children, and replication of these findings is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Sudan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California-Los Angeles, 650 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
| | - Leeka Kheifets
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Healt, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Onyebuchi A. Arah
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Healt, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA,Department of Public Health, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jorn Olsen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Healt, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA,Institute of Public Health, University of Aarhus, Aarhus, Denmark
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Janda M, Youl P, Marshall AL, Soyer HP, Baade P. The HealthyTexts study: a randomized controlled trial to improve skin cancer prevention behaviors among young people. Contemp Clin Trials 2013; 35:159-67. [PMID: 23557730 DOI: 10.1016/j.cct.2013.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2012] [Revised: 03/21/2013] [Accepted: 03/22/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Several randomized trials have found behavior change programs delivered via text messaging to be efficacious to improve preventive health behaviors such as physical activity and stopping smoking; however few have assessed its value in skin cancer prevention or early detection. The HealthyTexts study enrolled 678 participants 18-42 years, and assigned them to receive 21 text messages about skin cancer prevention, skin self-examination or physical activity (attention control) over the course of one year. Baseline data have been collected and outcomes will be assessed at three months and twelve months post-intervention. The trial aims to increase the mean overall sun protection habits index score from 2.3 to 2.7 with a standard deviation of 0.5 (effect size of 0.5) and the proportion of people who conduct a whole-body skin self-examination by an absolute 10%. This paper describes the study design and participants' baseline characteristics. In addition, participants' goals for their health, and strategies they apply to achieve those goals are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Janda
- School of Public Health, Institute for Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
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40
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Text messaging to motivate walking in older African Americans: a randomized controlled trial. Am J Prev Med 2013; 44:71-5. [PMID: 23253653 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2012.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 06/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Older minority populations can benefit from increased physical activity, especially walking. Text messaging interventions have the potential to encourage positive changes in health behavior in these groups. PURPOSE To examine if a 6-week program of motivational text messaging increases physical activity (step count) among older African Americans in an urban setting. DESIGN RCT pilot study with assignment to motivational text messaging group or a control group. SETTING/PARTICIPANTS Thirty-six African Americans aged 60-85 years. INTERVENTION The intervention group received motivational text messages three times a day, 3 days a week, for 6 weeks. Both groups received pedometers and walking manuals to record step counts. The study was conducted and data were analyzed in 2011. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The primary outcome measure was step count. The secondary outcome measure was perceived activity levels assessed by the Leisure Time Exercise Questionnaire (LTEQ). RESULTS The group who received motivational text messages had greater improvements in step count (+679 vs +398; p<0.05) and perceived activity levels (p<0.05) than the group who did not receive text messages. CONCLUSIONS Motivational text messaging three times a week for 6 weeks was effective in increasing step count and self-reported leisure time exercise behavior among older African Americans. REGISTRATION This study is registered at www.clinicaltrials.govNCT01697475.
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Mehran L, Nazeri P, Delshad H, Mirmiran P, Mehrabi Y, Azizi F. Does a text messaging intervention improve knowledge, attitudes and practice regarding iodine deficiency and iodized salt consumption? Public Health Nutr 2012; 15:2320-5. [PMID: 22874004 PMCID: PMC10271813 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980012000869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 02/03/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of implementation of a prevention programme via mobile phone text messaging in enhancing knowledge, attitudes and practice concerning iodine deficiency and iodized salt consumption. DESIGN In a randomized controlled trial, participants were subjected to a brief tele-educational support regarding iodine deficiency and the importance of iodized salt consumption. The intervention group received daily text messages via mobile phone for 6 weeks. Knowledge, attitude and practice scores, urinary iodine concentration and salt iodine content were assessed at baseline and 8 weeks after the intervention. SETTING Participants were recruited from health-care centres in Tehran, the capital city of Iran. SUBJECTS For the present study 205 females aged ≥18 years were randomly assigned to the intervention (n 95) and control (n 110) groups. RESULTS A significant difference was found in median knowledge scores between the intervention and control groups at follow-up (P = 0.004). There was also a significant difference in median attitude scores between the intervention and control groups (P = 0.02). The intervention group did not differ significantly in median practice score, urinary iodine concentration and salt iodine content from the control group. CONCLUSIONS Text messaging interventions are effective in improving individuals' knowledge and attitudes regarding preventive health-care topics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Mehran
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Pantea Nazeri
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Hossein Delshad
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Parvin Mirmiran
- Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Yadollah Mehrabi
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Fereidoun Azizi
- Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, PO Box 19395-4763, Tehran, Islamic Republic of Iran
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Sudan M, Kheifets L, Arah O, Olsen J, Zeltzer L. Prenatal and Postnatal Cell Phone Exposures and Headaches in Children. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 6:46-52. [PMID: 23750182 DOI: 10.2174/1874309901206010046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children today are exposed to cell phones early in life, and may be at the greatest risk if exposure is harmful to health. We investigated associations between cell phone exposures and headaches in children. STUDY DESIGN The Danish National Birth Cohort enrolled pregnant women between 1996 and 2002. When their children reached age seven years, mothers completed a questionnaire regarding the child's health, behaviors, and exposures. We used multivariable adjusted models to relate prenatal only, postnatal only, or both prenatal and postnatal cell phone exposure to whether the child had migraines and headache-related symptoms. RESULTS Our analyses included data from 52,680 children. Children with cell phone exposure had higher odds of migraines and headache-related symptoms than children with no exposure. The odds ratio for migraines was 1.30 (95% confidence interval: 1.01-1.68) and for headache-related symptoms was 1.32 (95% confidence interval: 1.23-1.40) for children with both prenatal and postnatal exposure. CONCLUSIONS In this study, cell phone exposures were associated with headaches in children, but the associations may not be causal given the potential for uncontrolled confounding and misclassification in observational studies such as this. However, given the widespread use of cell phones, if a causal effect exists it would have great public health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuri Sudan
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Redfern J, Thiagalingam A, Jan S, Whittaker R, Hackett ML, Mooney J, Keizer LD, Hillis GS, Chow CK. Development of a set of mobile phone text messages designed for prevention of recurrent cardiovascular events. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2012; 21:492-9. [DOI: 10.1177/2047487312449416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Redfern
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
| | | | - S Jan
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
| | - R Whittaker
- University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - ML Hackett
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
| | - J Mooney
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - L De Keizer
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
| | - GS Hillis
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
- Concord Hospital, Sydney, Australia
| | - CK Chow
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
- University of Sydney, Sydney Australia
- Westmead Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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Baliatsas C, Van Kamp I, Bolte J, Schipper M, Yzermans J, Lebret E. Non-specific physical symptoms and electromagnetic field exposure in the general population: can we get more specific? A systematic review. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2012; 41:15-28. [PMID: 22245541 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2011.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2011] [Revised: 12/13/2011] [Accepted: 12/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A systematic review of observational studies was performed to address the strength of evidence for an association between actual and perceived exposure to electromagnetic fields (EMF) and non-specific physical symptoms (NSPS) in the general population. To gain more insight into the magnitude of a possible association, meta-analyses were conducted. METHODS Literature databases Medline, Embase, SciSearch, PsychInfo, Psyndex and Biosis and additional bibliographic sources such as reference sections of key publications were searched for the detection of studies published between January 2000 and April 2011. RESULTS Twenty-two studies met our inclusion criteria. Qualitative assessment of the epidemiological evidence showed either no association between symptoms and higher EMF exposure or contradictory results. To strengthen our conclusions, random effects meta-analyses were performed, which produced the following results for the association with actual EMF; for symptom severity: Headache odds ratio (OR)=1.65; 95% confidence interval (CI)=0.88-3.08, concentration problems OR=1.28; 95% CI=0.56-2.94, fatigue-related problems OR=1.15; 95% CI=0.59-2.27, dizziness-related problems OR=1.38; 95% CI=0.92-2.07. For symptom frequency: headache OR=1.01; 95% CI=0.66-1.53, fatigue OR=1.12; 95% CI=0.60-2.07 and sleep problems OR=1.18; 95% CI=0.80-1.74. Associations between perceived exposure and NSPS were more consistently observed but a meta-analysis was not performed due to considerable heterogeneity between the studies. CONCLUSIONS This systematic review and meta-analysis finds no evidence for a direct association between frequency and severity of NSPS and higher levels of EMF exposure. An association with perceived exposure seems to exist, but evidence is still limited because of differences in conceptualization and assessment methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christos Baliatsas
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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Abstract
AbstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate self-rated musculoskeletal complaints and their association with computer use time in the adolescent population in Lithuania. The cross-sectional study done in 2008–2009 in Lithuania. 1806 students aged 13–18 years from randomly selected schools were questioned (response rate 95.8%). Logistic regression analysis results show that musculoskeletal complaints in adolescence are associated with duration of computer use as related to age and gender. Compared with adolescents using computer <2 hours daily, a statistically significant probability of experiencing back pain was determined for younger boys and girls groups (13–15 years) who reported working on a computer >4 hours (OR=2.36 and OR=2.50, respectively) in older age groups (16–18 years); in girls only the ORs of back pain significantly increased with increased time of computer use. the probability of experiencing the neck-shoulder pain was determined only in girls aged 16–18 years who reported working on a computer 2–4 hours (OR=1.62, p=0.020). Musculoskeletal complaints in adolescence are related to duration of computer use. Increasing the time spent at the computer increased complaints of musculoskeletal pain among Lithuanian adolescents. The main guidelines for prevention point to restriction of time of computer use.
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Güzeller CO, Coşguner T. Development of a problematic mobile phone use scale for Turkish adolescents. CYBERPSYCHOLOGY BEHAVIOR AND SOCIAL NETWORKING 2012; 15:205-11. [PMID: 22304426 DOI: 10.1089/cyber.2011.0210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Problematic Mobile Phone Use Scale (PMPUS) for Turkish Adolescents. The psychometric properties of PMPUS were tested in two separate sample groups that consisted of 950 Turkish high school students. The first sample group (n=309) was used to determine the factor structure of the scale. The second sample group (n=461) was used to test data conformity with the identified structure, discriminant validity and concurrent scale validity, internal consistency reliability calculations, and item statistics calculations. The results of exploratory factor analyses indicated that the scale had three factors: interference with negative effect, compulsion/persistence, and withdrawal/tolerance. The results showed that item and construct reliability values yielded satisfactory rates in general for the three-factor construct. On the other hand, the average variance extracted value remained below the scale value for three subscales. The scores for the scale significantly correlated with depression and loneliness. In addition, the discriminant validity value was above the scale in all sub-dimensions except one. Based on these data, the reliability of the PMPUS scale appears to be satisfactory and provides good internal consistency. Therefore, with limited exception, the PMPUS was found to be reliable and valid in the context of Turkish adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cem Oktay Güzeller
- Department of Educational Sciences, University of Mediterranean, Antalya, Turkey.
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Mair S, Soyer HP, Youl P, Hurst C, Marshall A, Janda M. Personalised electronic messages to improve sun protection in young adults. J Telemed Telecare 2012; 18:247-52. [DOI: 10.1258/jtt.2011.111101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
We studied the acceptability and feasibility of delivering sun protection messages via electronic media such as short message services (SMS) to people aged 18–40 years. An online survey was conducted using a pre-established panel of volunteers. We compared the characteristics of those who indicated that they would like to be alerted to the UV index, with those who would not, using bivariate logistic regression. Characteristics found to be associated with a desire to receive such advice were entered into a multivariate logistic regression analysis. The median age of the 141 participants was 34 years. Overall, 80% of participants agreed that they would like to receive some form of sun protection advice. Of these, 20% preferred to receive it via SMS and 42% via email. Willingness to receive electronic messages about the UV index was associated with being unsure about whether a suntanned person would look healthy and greater use of sun protection in the past. Careful attention to message framing and timing of message delivery, and focus on the short-term effects of sun exposure such as sunburn and skin ageing should increase the acceptability of such messages to young people. Sun protection messages delivered to young adults via electronic media appear to be feasible and acceptable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Mair
- School of Public Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane,
Australia
| | - H Peter Soyer
- Cancer Council Queensland,
Brisbane, Australia
- Dermatology Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Philippa Youl
- Dermatology Research Centre, School of Medicine, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Cameron Hurst
- School of Public Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane,
Australia
| | - Alison Marshall
- School of Public Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane,
Australia
| | - Monika Janda
- School of Public Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane,
Australia
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Chow CK, Redfern J, Thiagalingam A, Jan S, Whittaker R, Hackett M, Graves N, Mooney J, Hillis GS. Design and rationale of the tobacco, exercise and diet messages (TEXT ME) trial of a text message-based intervention for ongoing prevention of cardiovascular disease in people with coronary disease: a randomised controlled trial protocol. BMJ Open 2012; 2:e000606. [PMID: 22267690 PMCID: PMC3263439 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2011-000606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Although supporting lifestyle change is an effective way of preventing further events in people with cardiovascular disease, providing access to such interventions is a major challenge. This study aims to investigate whether simple reminders about behaviour change sent via mobile phone text message decrease cardiovascular risk. Methods and analysis Randomised controlled trial with 6 months of follow-up to evaluate the feasibility, acceptability and effect on cardiovascular risk of repeated lifestyle reminders sent via mobile phone text messages compared to usual care. A total of 720 patients with coronary artery disease will be randomised to either standard care or the TEXT ME intervention. The intervention group will receive multiple weekly text messages that provide information, motivation, support to quit smoking (if relevant) and recommendations for healthy diets and exercise. The primary end point is a change in plasma low-density lipoprotein cholesterol at 6 months. Secondary end points include a change in systolic blood pressure, smoking status, quality of life, medication adherence, waist circumference, physical activity levels, nutritional status and mood at 6 months. Process outcomes related to acceptability and feasibility of TEXT ME will also be collected. Ethics and dissemination Primary ethics approval was received from Western Sydney Local Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee-Westmead. Results will be disseminated via the usual scientific forums including peer-reviewed publications and presentations at international conferences. Clinical trials registration number ACTRN12611000161921.
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Affiliation(s)
- C K Chow
- The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, Australia
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Stenner SP, Johnson KB, Denny JC. PASTE: patient-centered SMS text tagging in a medication management system. J Am Med Inform Assoc 2011; 19:368-74. [PMID: 21984605 DOI: 10.1136/amiajnl-2011-000484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the performance of a system that extracts medication information and administration-related actions from patient short message service (SMS) messages. DESIGN Mobile technologies provide a platform for electronic patient-centered medication management. MyMediHealth (MMH) is a medication management system that includes a medication scheduler, a medication administration record, and a reminder engine that sends text messages to cell phones. The object of this work was to extend MMH to allow two-way interaction using mobile phone-based SMS technology. Unprompted text-message communication with patients using natural language could engage patients in their healthcare, but presents unique natural language processing challenges. The authors developed a new functional component of MMH, the Patient-centered Automated SMS Tagging Engine (PASTE). The PASTE web service uses natural language processing methods, custom lexicons, and existing knowledge sources to extract and tag medication information from patient text messages. MEASUREMENTS A pilot evaluation of PASTE was completed using 130 medication messages anonymously submitted by 16 volunteers via a website. System output was compared with manually tagged messages. RESULTS Verified medication names, medication terms, and action terms reached high F-measures of 91.3%, 94.7%, and 90.4%, respectively. The overall medication name F-measure was 79.8%, and the medication action term F-measure was 90%. CONCLUSION Other studies have demonstrated systems that successfully extract medication information from clinical documents using semantic tagging, regular expression-based approaches, or a combination of both approaches. This evaluation demonstrates the feasibility of extracting medication information from patient-generated medication messages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shane P Stenner
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Vanderbilt University, School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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Munezawa T, Kaneita Y, Osaki Y, Kanda H, Minowa M, Suzuki K, Higuchi S, Mori J, Yamamoto R, Ohida T. The association between use of mobile phones after lights out and sleep disturbances among Japanese adolescents: a nationwide cross-sectional survey. Sleep 2011; 34:1013-20. [PMID: 21804663 DOI: 10.5665/sleep.1152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 183] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the association between the use of mobile phones after lights out and sleep disturbances among Japanese adolescents. DESIGN AND SETTING This study was designed as a cross-sectional survey. The targets were students attending junior and senior high schools throughout Japan. Sample schools were selected by cluster sampling. Self-reported anonymous questionnaires were sent to schools for all students to fill out. PARTICIPANTS A total of 95,680 adolescents responded. The overall response rate was 62.9%, and 94,777 questionnaires were subjected to analysis. INTERVENTION N/A. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Daily mobile phone use, even if only for a brief moment every day, was reported by 84.4%. Moreover, as for use of mobile phones after lights out, 8.3% reported using their mobile phone for calling every day and 17.6% reported using it for sending text messages every day. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that mobile phone use for calling and for sending text messages after lights out was associated with sleep disturbances (short sleep duration, subjective poor sleep quality, excessive daytime sleepiness, and insomnia symptoms) independent of covariates and independent of each other. CONCLUSION This study showed that the use of mobile phones for calling and for sending text messages after lights out is associated with sleep disturbances among Japanese adolescents. However, there were some limitations, such as small effect sizes, in this study. More studies that examine the details of this association are necessary to establish strategies for sleep hygiene in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Munezawa
- Division of Public Health, Department of Social Medicine, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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