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Athanasopoulos E, Conradie J. DFT study of the spectroscopic behaviour of different iron(II)-terpyridine derivatives with application in DSSCs. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 129:108753. [PMID: 38461758 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Through a comprehensive computational analysis utilizing Density Functional Theory (DFT), we clarify the electronic structure and spectroscopic properties of modified iron(II)-terpyridine derivatives, with the aim of enhancing the efficiency of Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells (DSSCs). We optimized a series of nineteen iron(II)-terpyridine derivatives and related compounds in acetonitrile (MeCN) as the solvent using TDDFT, evaluating their potential as dyes for DSSCs. From the conducted computations on the optimized geometries of the nineteen [Fe(Ln)2]2+ complexes, containing substituted terpyridine and related ligands L1-L19, we determined the wavelengths (λ in nm), transition energy (E in eV), oscillator strength (f), type of transitions, excited state lifetime (τ), light harvesting efficiency (LHE), frontier orbital character and their energies (ELUMO/EHOMO), natural transition orbitals (NTOs), injection driving force of a dye (ΔGinject), and regeneration driving force of a dye (ΔGregenerate). Results show that the theoretically calculated values for assessing dye efficiency in a DSSC correlate with available experimental values. The UV-visible spectra of [Fe(Ln)2]2+ exhibited a peak above 500 nm (λmax) in the visible region, attributed to the ligand-to-metal charge transfer band (LMCT) in literature, and a significant absorbance peak at approximately 300 nm (λA,max) in the UV region. The M06-D3/CEP-121G method replicated all reported λmax and λA,max values with a mean absolute deviation (MAD) of 21 and 18 nm, respectively. Our findings underscore the connections between electronic modifications and absorption spectra, emphasizing their impact on the light-harvesting capabilities and overall performance of DSSCs. This research contributes to the advancement of fundamental principles governing the design and optimization of novel photovoltaic materials, facilitating the development of more efficient and sustainable solar energy technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Athanasopoulos
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa
| | - Jeanet Conradie
- Department of Chemistry, University of the Free State, P.O. Box 339, Bloemfontein, 9300, South Africa.
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2
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Ihtisham-Ul-Haq, Khan MI, Ullah A, Mujtaba A, Almutairi BS, Shahid W, Ali A, Choi JR. Bandgap reduction and efficiency enhancement in Cs 2AgBiBr 6 double perovskite solar cells through gallium substitution. RSC Adv 2024; 14:5440-5448. [PMID: 38348293 PMCID: PMC10859843 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08965g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Lead-free halide double perovskite (LFHDP) Cs2AgBiBr6 has emerged as a promising alternative to traditional lead-based perovskites (LBPs), offering notable advantages in terms of chemical stability and non-toxicity. However, the efficiency of Cs2AgBiBr6 solar cells faces challenges due to their wide bandgap (Eg). As a viable strategy to settle this problem, we consider optimization of the optical and photovoltaic properties of Cs2AgBiBr6 by Gallium (Ga) substitution. The synthesized Cs2Ag0.95Ga0.05BiBr6 is rigorously characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), UV-vis spectroscopy, and solar simulator measurements. XRD analysis reveals shifts in peak positions, indicating changes in the crystal lattice due to Ga substitution. The optical analysis demonstrates a reduction in the Eg, leading to improvement of the light absorption within the visible spectrum. Importantly, the Cs2Ag0.95Ga0.05BiBr6 solar cell exhibits enhanced performance, as evidenced by higher values of open circuit voltage (Voc), short-circuit current (Jsc), and fill factor (FF), which are 0.94 V, 6.01 mA cm-2, and 0.80, respectively: this results in an increased power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 3.51% to 4.52%. This research not only helps to overcome film formation challenges, but also enables stable Cs2Ag0.95Ga0.05BiBr6 to be established as a high-performance material for photovoltaic applications. Overall, our development contributes to the advancement of environmentally friendly solar technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ihtisham-Ul-Haq
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - M I Khan
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Asad Ullah
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Ali Mujtaba
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Badriah S Almutairi
- Department of Physics, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University P.O.Box 84428 Riyadh 11671 Saudi Arabia
| | - Wajeehah Shahid
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Asghar Ali
- Department of Physics, The University of Lahore 53700 Pakistan
| | - Jeong Ryeol Choi
- School of Electronic Engineering, Kyonggi University Suwon Gyeonggi-do 16227 Republic of Korea
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3
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Ali I, Islam MR, Yin J, Eichhorn SJ, Chen J, Karim N, Afroj S. Advances in Smart Photovoltaic Textiles. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3871-3915. [PMID: 38261716 PMCID: PMC10851667 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Energy harvesting textiles have emerged as a promising solution to sustainably power wearable electronics. Textile-based solar cells (SCs) interconnected with on-body electronics have emerged to meet such needs. These technologies are lightweight, flexible, and easy to transport while leveraging the abundant natural sunlight in an eco-friendly way. In this Review, we comprehensively explore the working mechanisms, diverse types, and advanced fabrication strategies of photovoltaic textiles. Furthermore, we provide a detailed analysis of the recent progress made in various types of photovoltaic textiles, emphasizing their electrochemical performance. The focal point of this review centers on smart photovoltaic textiles for wearable electronic applications. Finally, we offer insights and perspectives on potential solutions to overcome the existing limitations of textile-based photovoltaics to promote their industrial commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iftikhar Ali
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), The University
of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
| | - Md Rashedul Islam
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), The University
of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
| | - Junyi Yin
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Stephen J. Eichhorn
- Bristol
Composites Institute, School of Civil, Aerospace, and Design Engineering, The University of Bristol, University Walk, Bristol BS8 1TR, U.K.
| | - Jun Chen
- Department
of Bioengineering, University of California,
Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Nazmul Karim
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), The University
of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
- Nottingham
School of Art and Design, Nottingham Trent
University, Shakespeare Street, Nottingham NG1 4GG, U.K.
| | - Shaila Afroj
- Centre
for Print Research (CFPR), The University
of the West of England, Frenchay Campus, Bristol BS16 1QY, U.K.
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Ahmad NI, Kar YB, Doroody C, Kiong TS, Rahman KS, Harif MN, Amin N. A comprehensive review of flexible cadmium telluride solar cells with back surface field layer. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21622. [PMID: 38027707 PMCID: PMC10663865 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in CdTe solar cell technology have introduced the integration of flexible substrates, providing lightweight and adaptable energy solutions for various applications. Some of the notable applications of flexible solar photovoltaic technology include building integrated photovoltaic systems (BIPV), transportation, aerospace, satellites, etc. However, despite this advancement, certain issues regarding metal and p-CdTe remained unresolved. Besides, the fabrication of a full-working device on flexible glass is challenging and requires special consideration due to the unstable morphology and structural properties of deposited film on ultra-thin glass substrates. The existing gap in knowledge about the vast potential of flexible CdTe solar cells on UTG substrates and their possible applications blocks their full capacity utilization. Hence, this comprehensive review paper exclusively concentrates on the obstacles associated with the implementation of CdTe solar cells on UTG substrates with a potential back surface field (BSF) layer. The significance of this study lies in its meticulous identification and analysis of the substantial challenges associated with integrating flexible CdTe onto UTG substrates and leveraging Cu-doped ZnTe as a potential BSF layer to enhance the performance of flexible CdTe solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nur Irwany Ahmad
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN @The Energy University), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Faculty of Electrical Engineering & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis (UniMAP), Arau 02600, Perlis, Malaysia
| | - Yap Boon Kar
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN @The Energy University), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), University Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN @The Energy University), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Camellia Doroody
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN @The Energy University), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), University Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN @The Energy University), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Tiong Sieh Kiong
- College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN @The Energy University), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
- Institute of Sustainable Energy (ISE), University Tenaga Nasional (UNITEN @The Energy University), Putrajaya Campus, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Kazi Sajedur Rahman
- Solar Energy Research.Institute (SERI), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad Najib Harif
- Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Cawangan Negeri Sembilan, 72000, Kuala Pilah, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia
| | - Nowshad Amin
- Dept. of Electrical Electronic and Systems Engineering, FKAB, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Selangor, Malaysia
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Rahman S, Haleem A, Siddiq M, Hussain MK, Qamar S, Hameed S, Waris M. Research on dye sensitized solar cells: recent advancement toward the various constituents of dye sensitized solar cells for efficiency enhancement and future prospects. RSC Adv 2023; 13:19508-19529. [PMID: 37388146 PMCID: PMC10304709 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00903c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is universally accepted that the financial advancement of a state is essentially dependent upon the energy sector as it is essential in the growth, development, and improvement of the farming, mechanical, and defense sectors. A dependable source of energy is expected to enhance society's expectation of everyday comforts. Modern industrial advancement, which is indispensable for any nation, relies upon electricity. The principal explanation behind the energy emergency is rapidly increasing the use of hydrocarbon resources. Thus, the use of renewable resources is essential to overcome this dilemma. The consumption of hydrocarbon fuels and their discharge has destructive consequences on our surroundings. Third-generation photovoltaic (solar) cells are latest encouraging option in solar cells. Currently, dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSC) utilize organic (natural and synthetic) dye and inorganic (ruthenium) as a sensitizer. The nature of this dye combined with different variables has brought about a change in its use. Natural dyes are a feasible alternative in comparison to expensive and rare ruthenium dye owing to their low cast, easy utility, abundant supply of resources, and no environmental threat. In this review, the dyes generally utilized in DSSC are discussed. The DSSC criteria and components are explained, and the progress in inorganic and natural dyes is monitored. Scientists involved in this emerging technology will benefit from this examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sultana Rahman
- Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University 45320 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Abdul Haleem
- Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University 45320 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Siddiq
- Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University 45320 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Khalid Hussain
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat HH Campus Gujrat 50700 Pakistan
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Gujrat, Sub-Campus Mandi Bahauddin 50400 Pakistan
| | - Samina Qamar
- Department of Chemistry Quaid-i-Azam University 45320 Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Safia Hameed
- Department of Information Engineering University of Brescia Italy
| | - Muhammad Waris
- National Centre of Excellence in Analytical Chemistry, University of Sindh Jamshoro 76080 Pakistan
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6
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Tiny (ZnO) clusters supported on graphene for solar energy trapping: A density functional theory study. J Taiwan Inst Chem Eng 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtice.2023.104769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
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7
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Villafiorita-Monteleone F, Pasini M, Botta C. Anti-Oxidation Agents to Prevent Dye Degradation in Organic-Based Host-Guest Systems Suitable for Luminescent Solar Concentrators. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:656. [PMID: 36676393 PMCID: PMC9862820 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Luminescent solar concentrators (LSCs) have been extensively studied as they offer a practical solution to increase the efficiency of silicon-based photovoltaics (PVs). In this context, the use of natural and organic luminescent materials is desirable in order to obtain sustainable and environmentally friendly devices. Moreover, solution-processable organic host-guest systems based on Foerster Resonant Energy Transfer (FRET) processes offer the possibility to exploit a low-cost technique to obtain an efficient energy downshift from the UV-visible to red or deep red emissions in order to concentrate the radiation in the area of maximum efficiency of the PV device. Nevertheless, organic materials are subjected to photodegradation that reduces their optical properties when exposed to UV light and oxygen. In this work, we incorporated two different antioxidant molecules (i.e., octadecyl 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl)propionate (Octa) and L-ascorbic acid (L-Asc)) in a three-dye host-guest system and studied the corresponding optical properties after prolonged irradiation times in air. It was found that the presence of the antioxidants, especially L-Asc, slowed the system's photodegradation down whilst at the same time retaining high emission efficiencies and without interfering with the cascade Resonant Energy Transfer processes among the dyes inserted in the nanochannels of the host.
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8
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Optical and Thermal Investigations of Eutectic Metallomesogen Mixtures Based on Salicylaldiaminates Metal Complexes with a Large Nematic Stability Range. INORGANICS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics11010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mesomorphic behavior and the miscibility properties of binary mixtures of a new series of Schiff base metallomesogen (MOM) are evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM). Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), elemental analysis (CHNX), Fourier−transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were used to certify the molecular structure of the compounds. The results revealed that the studied mixtures are completely miscible throughout the composition field and exhibit a nematic phase which covered the whole composition range. In the mixtures, the stability of the nematic phase varies continuously, and it is possible to highlight the presence of a eutectic composition with a wide mesogenic stability range.
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9
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Hosen A, Mian MS, Ahmed SRA. Improving the Performance of Lead‐Free FASnI
3
‐Based Perovskite Solar Cell with Nb
2
O
5
as an Electron Transport Layer. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.202200652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Hosen
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Pabna University of Science and Technology Pabna 6600 Bangladesh
| | - Md. Suruz Mian
- Department of Science and Technology Seikei University 3‐3‐1 Kichijojikitamachi Musashino‐shi Tokyo 180‐8633 Japan
| | - Sheikh Rashel Al Ahmed
- Department of Electrical Electronic and Communication Engineering Pabna University of Science and Technology Pabna 6600 Bangladesh
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10
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Srivastava A, Singh Chauhan B, Chand Yadav S, Kumar Tiwari M, Akash Kumar Satrughna J, Kanwade A, Bala K, Shirage PM. Performance of dye-sensitized solar cells by utilizing Codiaeum Variegatum Leaf and Delonix Regia Flower as natural sensitizers. Chem Phys Lett 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2022.140087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Pastuszak J, Węgierek P. Photovoltaic Cell Generations and Current Research Directions for Their Development. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:ma15165542. [PMID: 36013679 PMCID: PMC9414585 DOI: 10.3390/ma15165542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the different generations of photovoltaic cells and current research directions focusing on their development and manufacturing technologies. The introduction describes the importance of photovoltaics in the context of environmental protection, as well as the elimination of fossil sources. It then focuses on presenting the known generations of photovoltaic cells to date, mainly in terms of the achievable solar-to-electric conversion efficiencies, as well as the technology for their manufacture. In particular, the third generation of photovoltaic cells and recent trends in its field, including multi-junction cells and cells with intermediate energy levels in the forbidden band of silicon, are discussed. We also present the latest developments in photovoltaic cell manufacturing technology, using the fourth-generation graphene-based photovoltaic cells as an example. An extensive review of the world literature led us to the conclusion that, despite the appearance of newer types of photovoltaic cells, silicon cells still have the largest market share, and research into ways to improve their efficiency is still relevant.
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Abstract
Employing sunlight to produce electrical energy has been demonstrated to be one of the most promising solutions to the world’s energy crisis. The device to convert solar energy to electrical energy, a solar cell, must be reliable and cost-effective to compete with traditional resources. This paper reviews many basics of photovoltaic (PV) cells, such as the working principle of the PV cell, main physical properties of PV cell materials, the significance of gallium arsenide (GaAs) thin films in solar technology, their prospects, and some mathematical analysis of p-n junction solar cells. Furthermore, the paper presents the standard model of solar cells with the application of this model to different PV technologies together with the main findings. Moreover, the paper explores the role of numerical and mathematical modelling of PV cells by MATLAB/Simulink and COMSOL in evaluating the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PV cells and determining the main parameters affecting the power output at various conditions.
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Recent Issues and Configuration Factors in Perovskite-Silicon Tandem Solar Cells towards Large Scaling Production. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11123186. [PMID: 34947535 PMCID: PMC8708322 DOI: 10.3390/nano11123186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The unprecedented development of perovskite-silicon (PSC-Si) tandem solar cells in the last five years has been hindered by several challenges towards industrialization, which require further research. The combination of the low cost of perovskite and legacy silicon solar cells serve as primary drivers for PSC-Si tandem solar cell improvement. For the perovskite top-cell, the utmost concern reported in the literature is perovskite instability. Hence, proposed physical loss mechanisms for intrinsic and extrinsic instability as triggering mechanisms for hysteresis, ion segregation, and trap states, along with the latest proposed mitigation strategies in terms of stability engineering, are discussed. The silicon bottom cell, being a mature technology, is currently facing bottleneck challenges to achieve power conversion efficiencies (PCE) greater than 26.7%, which requires more understanding in the context of light management and passivation technologies. Finally, for large-scale industrialization of the PSC-Si tandem solar cell, the promising silicon wafer thinning, and large-scale film deposition technologies could cause a shift and align with a more affordable and flexible roll-to-roll PSC-Si technology. Therefore, this review aims to provide deliberate guidance on critical fundamental issues and configuration factors in current PSC-Si tandem technologies towards large-scale industrialization. to meet the 2031 PSC-Si Tandem road maps market target.
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15
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Gonçalves RA, Toledo RP, Joshi N, Berengue OM. Green Synthesis and Applications of ZnO and TiO 2 Nanostructures. Molecules 2021; 26:2236. [PMID: 33924397 PMCID: PMC8068979 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26082236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, oxide nanostructures have been continuously evaluated and used in many technological applications. The advancement of the controlled synthesis approach to design desired morphology is a fundamental key to the discipline of material science and nanotechnology. These nanostructures can be prepared via different physical and chemical methods; however, a green and ecofriendly synthesis approach is a promising way to produce these nanostructures with desired properties with less risk of hazardous chemicals. In this regard, ZnO and TiO2 nanostructures are prominent candidates for various applications. Moreover, they are more efficient, non-toxic, and cost-effective. This review mainly focuses on the recent state-of-the-art advancements in the green synthesis approach for ZnO and TiO2 nanostructures and their applications. The first section summarizes the green synthesis approach to synthesize ZnO and TiO2 nanostructures via different routes such as solvothermal, hydrothermal, co-precipitation, and sol-gel using biological systems that are based on the principles of green chemistry. The second section demonstrates the application of ZnO and TiO2 nanostructures. The review also discusses the problems and future perspectives of green synthesis methods and the related issues posed and overlooked by the scientific community on the green approach to nanostructure oxides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosana A. Gonçalves
- Department of Physics, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá, Sao Paulo 12516-410, Brazil; (R.A.G.); (R.P.T.)
| | - Rosimara P. Toledo
- Department of Physics, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá, Sao Paulo 12516-410, Brazil; (R.A.G.); (R.P.T.)
| | - Nirav Joshi
- São Carlos Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, 369, São Carlos, Sao Paulo 13560-970, Brazil
| | - Olivia M. Berengue
- Department of Physics, School of Engineering, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Guaratinguetá, Sao Paulo 12516-410, Brazil; (R.A.G.); (R.P.T.)
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16
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Besedina MA, Smirnova EA, Poturai DO, Karushev MP. The activity of monomeric and polymeric nickel complexes with Salen-type ligands as photosensitive materials for electrochemical solar cells. Russ Chem Bull 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11172-021-3063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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17
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Liu Y, Shi G, Liu Z, Ma W. Toward printable solar cells based on PbX colloidal quantum dot inks. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:8-23. [PMID: 33174558 DOI: 10.1039/d0nh00488j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead chalcogenide (PbX, X = S, Se) colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are promising solution-processed semiconductor materials for the construction of low-cost, large-area, and flexible solar cells. The properties of CQDs endow them with advantages in semi-conducting film deposition compared to other solution-processed photovoltaic materials, which is critical for the fabrication of efficient large-area solar cells towards industrialization. However, the development of large-area CQD solar cells is impeded by the conventional solid-state ligand exchange process, where the tedious processing with high expense is indispensable to facilitate charge transport of CQD films for photovoltaic applications. In the past several years, the rapid development of CQD inks has boosted the device performance and dramatically simplified the fabrication process. The CQD inks are compatible with most of the industrialized printing techniques, demonstrating potential in fabricating solar modules for commercialization. This article aims to review the recent advances in solar cells based on PbX CQD inks, including both lab-scale and large-area photovoltaic devices prepared from solution-phase ligand exchange (SPLE) as well as the recently invented "one-step" synthesis. We expect to draw attention to the enormous potential of CQD inks for developing high-efficiency and low-cost large-area photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials & Devices, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, 199 Ren-Ai Road, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou, 215123 Jiangsu, P. R. China.
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18
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Method for Estimating Solar Energy Potential Based on Photogrammetry from Unmanned Aerial Vehicles. ELECTRONICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/electronics9122144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study presents a method to estimate the solar energy potential based on 3D data taken from unmanned aerial devices. The solar energy potential on the roof of a building was estimated before the placement of solar panels using photogrammetric data analyzed in a geographic information system, and the predictions were compared with the data recorded after installation. The areas of the roofs were chosen using digital surface models and the hemispherical viewshed algorithm, considering how the solar radiation on the roof surface would be affected by the orientation of the surface with respect to the sun, the shade of trees, surrounding objects, topography, and the atmospheric conditions. The results show that the efficiency percentages of the panels and the data modeled by the proposed method from surface models are very similar to the theoretical efficiency of the panels. Radiation potential can be estimated from photogrammetric data and a 3D model in great detail and at low cost. This method allows the estimation of solar potential as well as the optimization of the location and orientation of solar panels.
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19
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Mendhe AC, Majumder S, Nair N, Sankapal BR. Core-shell cadmium sulphide @ silver sulphide nanowires surface architecture: Design towards photoelectrochemical solar cells. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 587:715-726. [PMID: 33248697 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.11.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Design and development of cadmium sulphide core with silver sulphide shell assembly in nanowire (NWs) surface architecture has been explored through room temperature, simple chemical route towards photoelectrochemical solar cell application. Incorporation of low band gap Ag2S nanoparticles over the outer surface of the chemical bath deposited CdS NWs has been achieved by simple cation exchange route based on negative free energy of formation. Shell optimization has been performed by investigating structure, surface morphologies and optical analyses and correlated with the photovoltaic parameters. Interestingly, core-shell CdS NWs/ Ag2S exhibits 1.5 better performance in terms of linear voltammetry, photocurrent transient response and the photo stability than bare CdS. Furthermore, three-fold enhancement in photoelectrochemical conversion efficiency have been observed for optimized FTO/ CdS NWs/Ag2S compared to bare FTO/CdS NWs due to the augmented light harvesting and condensed charge recombination. External quantum efficiency exhibits 24% for the optimized CdS NWs/ Ag2S core shell structure. Mott-Schottky and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy measurements have been used for better understanding the impact of gradual growth of Ag2S over CdS NWs which directly influences the overall photocurrent density of the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avinash C Mendhe
- Nanomaterials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440010, (M.S.), India
| | - Sutripto Majumder
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Nikila Nair
- Nanomaterials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440010, (M.S.), India
| | - Babasaheb R Sankapal
- Nanomaterials and Device Laboratory, Department of Physics, Visvesvaraya National Institute of Technology, South Ambazari Road, Nagpur 440010, (M.S.), India.
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20
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Bruggeman DF, Bakker TMA, Mathew S, Reek JNH. Redox-Mediated Alcohol Oxidation Coupled to Hydrogen Gas Formation in a Dye-Sensitized Photosynthesis Cell. Chemistry 2020; 27:218-221. [PMID: 32902899 PMCID: PMC7839774 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202003306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
This work reports a dye-sensitized photoelectrochemical cell (DSPEC) that couples redox-mediated light-driven oxidative organic transformations to reductive hydrogen (H2 ) formation. The DSPEC photoanode consists of a mesoporous anatase TiO2 film on FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide), sensitized with the thienopyrroledione-based dye AP11, while H2 was formed at a FTO-Pt cathode. Irradiation of the dye-sensitized photoanode transforms 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) to the oxidized TEMPO (TEMPO+ ), which acts as a chemical oxidant for the conversion of benzyl alcohol. The TEMPO0/+ couple, previously used as redox mediator in DSSC, mediates efficient electron transfer from the organic substrate to the photo-oxidized dye. A DSPEC photoreactor was designed that allows in situ monitoring the reaction progress by infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography. Sustained light-driven oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde within the DSPEC photoreactor, using of TEMPO as mediator, demonstrated the efficiency of the device, with a photocurrent of 0.4 mA cm-2 , approaching quantitative Faradaic efficiency and exhibiting excellent device stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Didjay F Bruggeman
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tijmen M A Bakker
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Simon Mathew
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Joost N H Reek
- Homogeneous, Supramolecular and Bio-Inspired Catalysis, van 't Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, 1098, XH, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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21
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Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) in Historical Buildings: Opportunities and Constraints. ENERGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/en13143628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we investigate the potential of using last generation photovoltaic systems in traditional building components of historical buildings. The multifunctional photovoltaic components also open new application and implementation horizons in the field of energy retrofitting in historical buildings. Some of the Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) solutions lend themselves optimally to solving the problems of energy efficiency in historical buildings. For the next few years, Italian legislation foresees increasing percentages of energy production from renewable sources, including historical buildings. The opportunities and constraints analysed are presented through a specific approach, typical of building processes for innovative technological BIPV solutions on historical buildings.
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22
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Xiao BC, Lin LY. Tuning electrolyte configuration and composition for fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cell with poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) gel electrolyte. J Colloid Interface Sci 2020; 571:126-133. [PMID: 32197154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.03.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Efficient energy generation device is desired to couple with soft electronics for driving devices. Due to frequent uses of soft electronics in indoor conditions, flexible fiber-shaped dye-sensitized solar cell (FDSC) is regarded as the most promising energy generation device due to high light-to-electricity conversion maintenance under weak dim light. Using gel electrolyte to assemble FDSC cannot only restrict electrolyte leakage but also improve device flexibility and stability especially under bending conditions. In this study, poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVdF-HFP) gel electrolyte is used to fabricate FDSC composed of curled TiO2 nanotube/Ti wire photoanode and Pt counter electrode. It is the first time to control gel electrolyte configuration by adding different PVdF-HFP concentrations, and to optimize iodine concentration in electrolyte regarding to redox ability and electrolyte transmittance. Configuration of gel electrolyte is carefully analyzed to define porous layer and concrete layer of polymer for accumulating liquid electrolyte and inhibiting leakage and evaporation. The highest solar-to-electricity conversion efficiency of 6.32% is obtained for FDSC with 9% PVdF-HFP and 0.04 M I2 in electrolyte, due to well-defined cross-linking structure, abundant redox reactions, and high incident-light illumination through electrolyte. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and intensity-modulated photocurrent/photovoltage spectroscopy are used to analyze charge-transfer resistance and charge-collection efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing-Chang Xiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lu-Yin Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Energy Conservation for New Generation of Residential, Commercial, and Industrial Sectors, Taipei, Taiwan.
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23
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Intersubband Transition Engineering in the Conduction Band of Asymmetric Coupled Ge/SiGe Quantum Wells. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10030179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
n-type Ge/SiGe asymmetric coupled quantum wells represent the building block of a variety of nanoscale quantum devices, including recently proposed designs for a silicon-based THz quantum cascade laser. In this paper, we combine structural and spectroscopic experiments on 20-module superstructures, each featuring two Ge wells coupled through a Ge-rich SiGe tunnel barrier, as a function of the geometry parameters of the design and the P dopant concentration. Through a comparison of THz spectroscopic data with numerical calculations of intersubband optical absorption resonances, we demonstrated that it is possible to tune, by design, the energy and the spatial overlap of quantum confined subbands in the conduction band of the heterostructures. The high structural/interface quality of the samples and the control achieved on subband hybridization are promising starting points towards a working electrically pumped light-emitting device.
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24
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Affiliation(s)
- Ömer Şahin
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Dilek Kilinç
- Faculty of Arts & Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
| | - Sabit Horoz
- Faculty of Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Siirt University, Siirt, Turkey
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25
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Butson JD, Narangari PR, Lysevych M, Wong-Leung J, Wan Y, Karuturi SK, Tan HH, Jagadish C. InGaAsP as a Promising Narrow Band Gap Semiconductor for Photoelectrochemical Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:25236-25242. [PMID: 31265227 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
While photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is a very promising route toward zero-carbon energy, conversion efficiency remains limited. Semiconductors with narrower band gaps can absorb a much greater portion of the solar spectrum, thereby increasing efficiency. However, narrow band gap (∼1 eV) III-V semiconductor photoelectrodes have not yet been thoroughly investigated. In this study, the narrow band gap quaternary III-V alloy InGaAsP is demonstrated for the first time to have great potential for PEC water splitting, with the long-term goal of developing high-efficiency tandem PEC devices. TiO2-coated InGaAsP photocathodes generate a photocurrent density of over 30 mA/cm2 with an onset potential of 0.45 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode, yielding an applied bias efficiency of over 7%. This is an excellent performance, given that nearly all power losses can be attributed to reflection losses. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and photoluminescence spectroscopy show that InGaAsP and TiO2 form a type-II band alignment, greatly enhancing carrier separation and reducing recombination losses. Beyond water splitting, the tunable band gap of InGaAsP could be of further interest in other areas of photocatalysis, including CO2 reduction.
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26
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Hwang HJ, Jung Y, Choi K, Kim D, Park J, Choi D. Comb-structured triboelectric nanogenerators for multi-directional energy scavenging from human movements. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019; 20:725-732. [PMID: 31303901 PMCID: PMC6610512 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2019.1630856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) is an emerging energy harvesting technology utilizing multi-directional, wasted mechanical energies stemming from vibrations, winds, waves, body movements, etc. In this study, we report a comb-structured TENG (CTENG) capable of effectively scavenging multi-directional motions from human movements, which include walking, jumping, and running. By attaching CTENG to a person's calf, we obtain a root-mean-square (RMS) power value of 5.28 μW (i.e. 13.12 V and 0.4 μA) for 1 s during mild running action (~5 m/s), which is sufficient for powering 10 light emitting diodes (LEDs). We integrate a CTENG with a simple hand-held pendulum (HHP) system with a natural frequency of 5.5 Hz. The natural frequency and input energy of our HHP system can be easily controlled by changing the holder mass and initial bending displacement, thus producing different output behaviors for the CTENG. Under the optimal HHP-based CTENG system design, the maximum output reaches 116 V at 6.5 μA under 0.1 kg mass and 4 cm bending displacement conditions. The corresponding output energy is 52.7 μJ for an operation time of 10.8 s. Our HHP-CTENG system can sufficiently power 45 LEDs and shows different output performances by varying the driving velocity of a vehicle, thus demonstrating the possibility for a self-powered velocity monitoring system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hee Jae Hwang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Yeonseok Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kyungwho Choi
- New Transportation Innovative Research Center, Korea Railroad Research Institute, Uiwang-si, Korea
| | - Dongseob Kim
- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Aircraft System Technology Group, Yeongcheon-si, Gyeongbuk-do, Korea
| | - Jinhyoung Park
- Korea Institute of Industrial Technology (KITECH), Mechatronics Technology Convergence R&D Group, Daegu-si, Korea
| | - Dukhyun Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kyung Hee University, Yongin, Korea
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27
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Sun C, Negro E, Vezzù K, Pagot G, Cavinato G, Nale A, Herve Bang Y, Di Noto V. Hybrid inorganic-organic proton-conducting membranes based on SPEEK doped with WO3 nanoparticles for application in vanadium redox flow batteries. Electrochim Acta 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2019.03.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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28
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Luceño-Sánchez JA, Díez-Pascual AM, Peña Capilla R. Materials for Photovoltaics: State of Art and Recent Developments. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E976. [PMID: 30813428 PMCID: PMC6412461 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20040976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 02/14/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, photovoltaic cell technology has grown extraordinarily as a sustainable source of energy, as a consequence of the increasing concern over the impact of fossil fuel-based energy on global warming and climate change. The different photovoltaic cells developed up to date can be classified into four main categories called generations (GEN), and the current market is mainly covered by the first two GEN. The 1GEN (mono or polycrystalline silicon cells and gallium arsenide) comprises well-known medium/low cost technologies that lead to moderate yields. The 2GEN (thin-film technologies) includes devices that have lower efficiency albeit are cheaper to manufacture. The 3GEN presents the use of novel materials, as well as a great variability of designs, and comprises expensive but very efficient cells. The 4GEN, also known as "inorganics-in-organics", combines the low cost/flexibility of polymer thin films with the stability of novel inorganic nanostructures (i.e., metal nanoparticles and metal oxides) with organic-based nanomaterials (i.e., carbon nanotubes, graphene and its derivatives), and are currently under investigation. The main goal of this review is to show the current state of art on photovoltaic cell technology in terms of the materials used for the manufacture, efficiency and production costs. A comprehensive comparative analysis of the four generations is performed, including the device architectures, their advantages and limitations. Special emphasis is placed on the 4GEN, where the diverse roles of the organic and nano-components are discussed. Finally, conclusions and future perspectives are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Antonio Luceño-Sánchez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Alcalá University, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Ana María Díez-Pascual
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Sciences, Alcalá University, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
| | - Rafael Peña Capilla
- Department of Signal Theory and Communication, Polytechnic High School, Alcalá University, 28871 Madrid, Spain.
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29
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Ariga K, Nishikawa M, Mori T, Takeya J, Shrestha LK, Hill JP. Self-assembly as a key player for materials nanoarchitectonics. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS 2019; 20:51-95. [PMID: 30787960 PMCID: PMC6374972 DOI: 10.1080/14686996.2018.1553108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 215] [Impact Index Per Article: 43.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/23/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The development of science and technology of advanced materials using nanoscale units can be conducted by a novel concept involving combination of nanotechnology methodology with various research disciplines, especially supramolecular chemistry. The novel concept is called 'nanoarchitectonics' where self-assembly processes are crucial in many cases involving a wide range of component materials. This review of self-assembly processes re-examines recent progress in materials nanoarchitectonics. It is composed of three main sections: (1) the first short section describes typical examples of self-assembly research to outline the matters discussed in this review; (2) the second section summarizes self-assemblies at interfaces from general viewpoints; and (3) the final section is focused on self-assembly processes at interfaces. The examples presented demonstrate the strikingly wide range of possibilities and future potential of self-assembly processes and their important contribution to materials nanoarchitectonics. The research examples described in this review cover variously structured objects including molecular machines, molecular receptors, molecular pliers, molecular rotors, nanoparticles, nanosheets, nanotubes, nanowires, nanoflakes, nanocubes, nanodisks, nanoring, block copolymers, hyperbranched polymers, supramolecular polymers, supramolecular gels, liquid crystals, Langmuir monolayers, Langmuir-Blodgett films, self-assembled monolayers, thin films, layer-by-layer structures, breath figure motif structures, two-dimensional molecular patterns, fullerene crystals, metal-organic frameworks, coordination polymers, coordination capsules, porous carbon spheres, mesoporous materials, polynuclear catalysts, DNA origamis, transmembrane channels, peptide conjugates, and vesicles, as well as functional materials for sensing, surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy, photovoltaics, charge transport, excitation energy transfer, light-harvesting, photocatalysts, field effect transistors, logic gates, organic semiconductors, thin-film-based devices, drug delivery, cell culture, supramolecular differentiation, molecular recognition, molecular tuning, and hand-operating (hand-operated) nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Ariga
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | | | - Taizo Mori
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, Japan
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Jun Takeya
- Department of Advanced Materials Science, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Japan
| | - Lok Kumar Shrestha
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jonathan P. Hill
- WPI-MANA, National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Ibaraki, Japan
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30
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Maheu C, Cardenas L, Puzenat E, Afanasiev P, Geantet C. UPS and UV spectroscopies combined to position the energy levels of TiO2 anatase and rutile nanopowders. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25629-25637. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04614j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Positioning of absolute energy levels and the quantitative description of occupied levels obtained for TiO2 nanopowders, combining UPS and UV-Vis spectroscopies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clément Maheu
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
| | - Luis Cardenas
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
| | - Eric Puzenat
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
| | - Pavel Afanasiev
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
| | - Christophe Geantet
- Université de Lyon
- Institut de Recherches sur la Catalyse et l'Environnement de Lyon – IRCELYON – UMR 5256
- CNRS-UCB Lyon 1
- 69626 Villeurbanne cedex
- France
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