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Tan C, Nie W, Liu Y, Wang Y, Yuan Y, Liu J, Chang E, Xiao W, Jia Z. Physiological response and molecular mechanism of Quercus variabilis under cadmium stress. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108724. [PMID: 38744084 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Heavy metal pollution is a global environmental problem, and Quercus variabilis has a stronger tolerance to Cd stress than do other species. We aimed to explore the physiological response and molecular mechanisms of Q. variabilis to Cd stress. In this study, the antioxidant enzyme activities of leaves were determined, while the photosynthetic parameters of leaves were measured using Handy PEA, and ion fluxes and DEGs in the roots were investigated using noninvasive microtest technology (NMT) and RNA sequencing techniques, respectively. Cd stress at different concentrations and for different durations affected the uptake patterns of Cd2+ and H+ by Q. variabilis and affected the photosynthetic efficiency of leaves. Moreover, there was a positive relationship between antioxidant enzyme (CAT and POD) activity and Cd concentration. Transcriptome analysis revealed that many genes, including genes related to the cell wall, glutathione metabolism, ion uptake and transport, were significantly upregulated in response to cadmium stress in Q. variabilis roots. WGCNA showed that these DEGs could be divided into eight modules. The turquoise and blue modules exhibited the strongest correlations, and the most significantly enriched pathways were the phytohormone signaling pathway and the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, respectively. These findings suggest that Q. variabilis can bolster plant tolerance by modulating signal transduction and increasing the synthesis of compounds, such as lignin, under Cd stress. In summary, Q. variabilis can adapt to Cd stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and regulating the fluxes of Cd2+ and H+ ions and the expression of Cd stress-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cancan Tan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institution, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China; State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Wen Nie
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institution, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yifu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institution, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ya Wang
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yanchao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institution, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ermei Chang
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Wenfa Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Ecology and Nature Conservation Institution, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zirui Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China; Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
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2
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Günthardt-Goerg MS, Schläpfer R, Vollenweider P. Responses to Airborne Ozone and Soilborne Metal Pollution in Afforestation Plants with Different Life Forms. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3011. [PMID: 37631222 PMCID: PMC10458031 DOI: 10.3390/plants12163011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
With the current increases in environmental stress, understanding species-specific responses to multiple stress agents is needed. This science is especially important for managing ecosystems that are already confronted with considerable pollution. In this study, responses to ozone (O3, ambient daily course values + 20 ppb) and mixed metal contamination in soils (MC, cadmium/copper/lead/zinc = 25/1100/2500/1600 mg kg-1), separately and in combination, were evaluated for three plant species (Picea abies, Acer pseudoplatanus, Tanacetum vulgare) with different life forms and ecological strategies. The two treatments elicited similar stress reactions, as shown by leaf functional traits, gas exchange, tannin, and nutrient markers, irrespective of the plant species and life form, whereas the reactions to the treatments differed in magnitude. Visible and microscopic injuries at the organ or cell level appeared along the penetration route of ozone and metal contamination. At the whole plant level, the MC treatment caused more severe injuries than the O3 treatment and few interactions were observed between the two stress factors. Picea trees, with a slow-return strategy, showed the highest stress tolerance in apparent relation to an enhancement of conservative traits and an exclusion of stress agents. The ruderal and more acquisitive Tanacetum forbs translocated large amounts of contaminants above ground, which may be of concern in a phytostabilisation context. The deciduous Acer trees-also with an acquisitive strategy-were most sensitive to both stress factors. Hence, species with slow-return strategies may be of particular interest for managing metal-polluted sites in the current context of multiple stressors and for safely confining soil contaminants below ground.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeleine S. Günthardt-Goerg
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;
| | - Rodolphe Schläpfer
- EPFL ENAC IIE Plant Ecology Research Laboratory, GR B2 407 Station 2, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Pierre Vollenweider
- Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse 111, CH-8903 Birmensdorf, Switzerland;
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3
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Tőzsér D, Horváth R, Simon E, Magura T. Heavy metal uptake by plant parts of Populus species: a meta-analysis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:69416-69430. [PMID: 37131011 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-27244-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Populus species are well documented for being potentially suitable for phytoremediation purposes regarding their accumulation characteristics. However, published results are contradictory. Based on the data gathered during an extensive literature search, we aimed to assess and revise the metal accumulation potential in the root, stem, and leaf of Populus species growing in contaminated soils, with meta-analysis. We evaluated the influences of pollution level, soil pH, and exposure time on the metal uptake patterns. We found accumulations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn to be significant in each plant part, while that was only moderate for Ni, and limited for Mn. By calculating the soil pollution index (PI), we observed significantly intensive, PI-independent accumulation for Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn. A decrease in soil pH significantly increased the uptake of Mn and significantly decreased the accumulation of Pb in the stem. Metal uptake was significantly influenced by exposure time as well; Cd concentration was significantly decreased in the stem, while concentrations of Cr in the stem and leaf, and Mn in the stem were significantly increased with time. These aforementioned findings support a well-founded metal-and-growth condition-specific application of poplars in phytoremediation processes, also triggering further in-depth assessments to enhance the efficiency of relevant poplar-based technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Tőzsér
- Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem sq. 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- Circular Economy Analysis Center, Hungarian University of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Páter Károly str. 1, Gödöllő, H-2100, Hungary
| | - Roland Horváth
- Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem sq. 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary.
- ELKH-DE Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem sq. 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary.
| | - Edina Simon
- Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem sq. 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem sq. 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
| | - Tibor Magura
- Department of Ecology, University of Debrecen, Egyetem sq. 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
- ELKH-DE Anthropocene Ecology Research Group, University of Debrecen, Egyetem sq. 1, Debrecen, H-4032, Hungary
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4
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Qu B, Yuan Y, Wang L, Liu Y, Chen X, Shao M, Xu Y. Effects of different water conditions on the cadmium hyperaccumulation efficiency of Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser and Rorippa amphibia Besser. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:20970-20979. [PMID: 36264464 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-23531-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Increasing the translocation and accumulation of cadmium (Cd) in Cd hyperaccumulator is an important technology to improve the phytoremediation efficiency of Cd-contaminated soil. In order to investigate the effects of different water conditions on the growth and Cd accumulation ability of Cd hyperaccumulators Rorippa sylvestris (L.) Besser and Rorippa amphibia Besser in Cd-polluted soil, clone seedlings of them were transplanted into pots filled with 50 mg kg-1 Cd-contaminated soil and cultured with water conditions of soil relative water content (RWC) 35%, 55%, 75%, 95%, and flooding respectively. The results showed the following: with the increase of RWC, the height of R. sylvestris and R. amphibia increased gradually, the dry biomass of shoot and whole plant increased and reached the maximum in 95% and then decreased in flooding; the Cd concentrations in shoots of R. sylvestris and R. amphibia were more than 100 mg kg-1 except for 35% and flooding; Cd bioconcentration factors (BCFs) of R. amphibia reached the maximum of 3.8870 in 75% and R. sylvestris reached the maximum of 3.2330 in 95%; sufficient water resulted in the decrease of photosynthetic rate due to more Cd accumulation. However, under flooding condition, because of the decrease of Cd bioavailability in soil, the accumulation of Cd in shoots declined and the net photosynthetic rate (Pn) enhanced slightly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Qu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yunning Yuan
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Linyu Wang
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
- College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yinuo Liu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Xuhui Chen
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Meini Shao
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Yufeng Xu
- College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China.
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5
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Blommaert H, Aucour AM, Wiggenhauser M, Moens C, Telouk P, Campillo S, Beauchêne J, Landrot G, Testemale D, Pin S, Lewis C, Umaharan P, Smolders E, Sarret G. From soil to cacao bean: Unravelling the pathways of cadmium translocation in a high Cd accumulating cultivar of Theobroma cacao L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:1055912. [PMID: 36531371 PMCID: PMC9755593 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1055912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The research on strategies to reduce cadmium (Cd) accumulation in cacao beans is currently limited by a lack of understanding of the Cd transfer pathways within the cacao tree. Here, we elucidated the transfer of Cd from soil to the nib (seed) in a high Cd accumulating cacao cultivar. Here, we elucidated the transfer of Cd from soil to the nib (seed) in a high Cd accumulating cacao cultivar through Cd stable isotope fractionation, speciation (X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy), and localization (Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry). The plant Cd concentrations were 10-28 higher than the topsoil Cd concentrations and increased as placenta< nib< testa< pod husk< root< leaf< branch. The retention of Cd in the roots was low. Light Cd isotopes were retained in the roots whilst heavier Cd isotopes were transported to the shoots (Δ 114/110 Cd shoot-root = 0.27 ± 0.02 ‰ (weighted average ± standard deviation)). Leaf Cd isotopes were heavier than Cd in the branches (Δ 114/110 Cd IF3 leaves-branch = 0.18 ± 0.01 ‰), confirming typical trends observed in annual crops. Nibs and branches were statistically not distinguishable (Δ 114/110 Cd nib-branch = -0.08‰ ± 0.06 ‰), contrary to the leaves and nibs (Δ 114/110 Cd nib-IF3 leaves = -0.25‰ ± 0.05 ‰). These isotope fractionation patterns alluded to a more direct transfer from branches to nibs rather than from leaves to nibs. The largest fraction (57%) of total plant Cd was present in the branches where it was primarily bound to carboxyl-ligands (60-100%) and mainly localized in the phloem rays and phelloderm of the bark. Cadmium in the nibs was mainly bound to oxygen ligands (60-90%), with phytate as the most plausible ligand. The weight of evidence suggested that Cd was transferred like other nutrients from root to shoot and accumulated in the phloem rays and phelloderm of the branches to reduce the transfer to foliage. Finally, the data indicated that the main contribution of nib Cd was from the phloem tissues of the branch rather than from leaf remobilization. This study extended the limited knowledge on Cd accumulation in perennial, woody crops and revealed that the Cd pathways in cacao are markedly different than in annual crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hester Blommaert
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université G. Eiffel, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTERRE), Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Marie Aucour
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5276 Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planète et Environment (LGL-TPE), F-6922, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Matthias Wiggenhauser
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH) Zurich, Lindau, Switzerland
| | - Claudia Moens
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Philippe Telouk
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Ecole Normale Supérieure (ENS) de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 5276 Laboratoire de Géologie de Lyon - Terre, Planète et Environment (LGL-TPE), F-6922, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Sylvain Campillo
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université G. Eiffel, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTERRE), Grenoble, France
| | - Jacques Beauchêne
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) Ecologie des Forêts de Guyane (EcoFoG), AgroParisTech, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de Recherche Pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (INRA), Université des Antilles, Université de Guyane, Kourou, France
| | - Gautier Landrot
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L’Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Denis Testemale
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National polytechnique de Grenoble (INP), Institut Néel, Grenoble, France
| | - Serge Pin
- Université Paris-Saclay, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Nanosciences et Innovation pour les Matériaux, la Biomédecine et l'Energie (NIMBE), Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Caleb Lewis
- Cocoa Research Centre, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Pathmanathan Umaharan
- Cocoa Research Centre, University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago
| | - Erik Smolders
- Division of Soil and Water Management, Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit (KU) Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Géraldine Sarret
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Université Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université G. Eiffel, Institut des Sciences de la Terre (ISTERRE), Grenoble, France
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6
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Navazas A, Mesa V, Thijs S, Fuente-Maqueda F, Vangronsveld J, Peláez AI, Cuypers A, González A. Bacterial inoculant-assisted phytoremediation affects trace element uptake and metabolite content in Salix atrocinerea. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 820:153088. [PMID: 35063508 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Natural plant-associated microorganisms are of critical importance to plant growth and survival in field conditions under toxic concentrations of trace elements (TE) and these plant-microbial processes can be harnessed to enhance phytoremediation. The total bacterial diversity from grey willow (Salix atrocinerea) on a brownfield heavily-polluted with lead (Pb) and arsenic (As) was studied through pyrosequencing. Culturable bacteria were isolated and in vitro tested for plant growth-promotion (PGP) traits, arsenic (As) tolerance and impact on As speciation. Two of the most promising bacterial strains - the root endophyte Pantoea sp. AV62 and the rhizospheric strain Rhodococcus erythropolis AV96 - were inoculated in field to S. atrocinerea. This bioaugmentation resulted in higher As and Pb concentrations in both, roots and leaves of bacterial-inoculated plants as compared to non-inoculated plants. In consequence, bacterial bioaugmentation also affected parameters related to plant growth, oxidative stress, the levels of phytochelatins and phenylpropanoids, together with the differential expression of genes related to these tolerance mechanisms to TE in leaves. This study extends our understanding about plant-bacterial interactions and provides a solid basis for further bioaugmentation studies aiming to improve TE phytoremediation efficiency and predictability in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Navazas
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, Area of Plant Physiology, University of Oviedo, Catedrático Rodrigo Uría s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain; Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Victoria Mesa
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Université de Paris, UMR-S1139, F-75006 Paris, France
| | - Sofie Thijs
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | | | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium; Department of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Ana I Peláez
- Area of Microbiology, Department of Functional Biology and Environmental Biogeochemistry and Raw Materials Group, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain; University Institute of Biotechnology of Asturias (IUBA), University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Ann Cuypers
- Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, B-3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Aida González
- Department of Organisms and Systems Biology, Area of Plant Physiology, University of Oviedo, Catedrático Rodrigo Uría s/n, 33006 Oviedo, Spain.
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7
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Hussain Z, Rasheed F, Tanvir MA, Zafar Z, Rafay M, Mohsin M, Pulkkinen P, Ruffner C. Increased antioxidative enzyme activity mediates the phytoaccumulation potential of Pb in four agroforestry tree species: a case study under municipal and industrial wastewater irrigation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2020; 23:704-714. [PMID: 33251852 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2020.1849016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Wastewater used as irrigation water is causing heavy metal accumulation in the agro-ecosystems. A greenhouse study was conducted to compare the phytoaccumulation ability of four agroforestry tree species under different wastewater treatments. Three-month-old potted seedlings of Morus alba, Acacia nilotica, Acacia ampliceps, and Azadirachta indica were irrigation with tap water (C), municipal wastewater (MWW), and industrial wastewater (IWW). Results showed that MWW had a positive and IWW had a negative impact on biomass production in all the species. Acacia ampliceps showed the highest increment (65%) and showed the lowest decrease (5%) in total biomass under both MWW and IWW treatment. Pb concentration was also found highest in the leaves, stem and roots of Azadirachta indica (108.5, 46.2, 180.5 mg kg-1, respectively) under IWW. Production of H2O2 was highest in IWW treatment with almost 148% increase observed in Azadirachta indica. Similarly, the production of antioxidative enzymes (Superoxide dismutase, Catalase and Peroxidase) was also highest in Azadirachta indica under IWW. Therefore, results suggest that along with high increment in total biomass, both Acacia ampliceps and Azadirachta indica showed high Pb concentration and an effective antioxidative defense mechanism and thus, can be used for planting in soils irrigated with MWW and IWW.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafar Hussain
- Department of Forestry & Range Management, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Fahad Rasheed
- Department of Forestry & Range Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Ayyoub Tanvir
- Department of Forestry & Range Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Zikria Zafar
- Department of Forestry & Range Management, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rafay
- Department of Forestry, Rage Management and Wildlife, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Mohsin
- School of Forest Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Joensuu, Finland
| | - Pertti Pulkkinen
- Haapastensyrjä Research Unit, Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke), Läyliäinen, Finland
| | - Charles Ruffner
- Department of Forestry, Southern Illinois University Carbondale, Illinois, IL, USA
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8
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Lai AM, Clark S, Carter E, Shan M, Ni K, Yang X, Baumgartner J, Schauer JJ. Impacts of stove/fuel use and outdoor air pollution on chemical composition of household particulate matter. INDOOR AIR 2020; 30:294-305. [PMID: 31880849 DOI: 10.1111/ina.12636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Biomass combustion for cooking and heating releases particulate matter (PM2.5 ) that contributes to household air pollution. Fuel and stove types affect the chemical composition of household PM, as does infiltration of outdoor PM. Characterization of these impacts can inform future exposure assessments and epidemiologic studies, but is currently limited. In this study, we measured chemical components of PM2.5 (water-soluble organic matter [WSOM], ions, black carbon, elements, organic tracers) in rural Chinese households using traditional biomass stoves, semi-gasifier stoves with pelletized biomass, and/or non-biomass stoves. We distinguished households using one stove type (traditional, semi-gasifier, or LPG/electric) from those using multiple stoves/fuels. WSOM concentrations were higher in households using only semi-gasifier or traditional stoves (31%-33%) than in those with exclusive LPG/electric stove (13%) or mixed stove use (12%-22%). Inorganic ions comprised 14% of PM in exclusive LPG/electric households, compared to 1%-5% of PM in households using biomass. Total PAH content was much higher in households that used traditional stoves (0.8-2.8 mg/g PM) compared to those that did not (0.1-0.3 mg/g PM). Source apportionment revealed that biomass burning comprised 27%-84% of PM2.5 in households using biomass. In all samples, identified outdoor sources (vehicles, dust, coal combustion, secondary aerosol) contributed 10%-20% of household PM2.5 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra M Lai
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Sierra Clark
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ellison Carter
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Colorado State University, CO, USA
| | - Ming Shan
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Kun Ni
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Yang
- Department of Building Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Jill Baumgartner
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - James J Schauer
- Environmental Chemistry and Technology Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
- Wisconsin State Laboratory of Hygiene, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
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9
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Guidi Nissim W, Palm E, Mancuso S, Azzarello E. Trace element partitioning in a poplar phytoextraction stand in relation to stem size. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 247:688-697. [PMID: 31279146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
At an Italian field test site the efficiency of phytoextraction of toxic trace elements (TEs) from the soil is determined by uptake capacity, bioavailability of TEs in the soil and biomass yield of the plants involved. Altering the quantity and type of biomass produced, especially among fast-growing trees, may be one method of increasing phytoextraction efficiency. In poplar bark and wood show different TE concentration. Poplar also shows changing proportions of bark and wood with increasing diameter at breast height (DBH). Though it is often thought that the amount of TE accumulated in the biomass increases with the size of the plant, in the current study we show that this is only partially true. In fact while Zn is highly accumulated by the largest (60 mm DBH) poplar plants, Cd, Cu, and Ni were more concentrated in slightly smaller plants (50 mm DBH), and Pb in even smaller (40 mm DBH). These findings could open new strategies for managing a poplar phytoextraction stand in terms of coppicing techniques and planting cycles in order to address specific targeted TEs and enhance the overall performance of this green technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Werther Guidi Nissim
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI) - University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy.
| | - Emily Palm
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI) - University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Stefano Mancuso
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI) - University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
| | - Elisa Azzarello
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie, Alimentari, Ambientali e Forestali (DAGRI) - University of Florence, Viale delle Idee 30, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019, Italy
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10
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Engbersen N, Gramlich A, Lopez M, Schwarz G, Hattendorf B, Gutierrez O, Schulin R. Cadmium accumulation and allocation in different cacao cultivars. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2019; 678:660-670. [PMID: 31078857 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a biologically non-essential heavy metal that can cause toxic effects in plants, animals and humans already at low concentrations compared to other metals. After Cd concentrations in cacao beans of various provenances, particularly from Latin America, were found to exceed the new regulations enforced by the European Union in 2019, there is an urgent need to find measures to lower Cd accumulation in cacao beans to acceptable values. In this research, the long-term cacao cultivar trial CEDEC-JAS in northern Honduras was used to investigate differences between 11 cultivars in Cd uptake and translocation. Sampling of various plant parts, including rootstocks, scions, leaves and beans, from three replicate trees per cultivar and the soil around each tree was conducted at this site. Results indicate that concentrations of available soil Cd were more closely correlated with Cd concentrations of the rootstocks (R2 = 0.56), scions (R2 = 0.59) and leaves (R2 = 0.46) than with bean Cd concentrations (R2 = 0.26). In addition, Cd concentrations of rootstocks, scions and leaves showed close relationships to available soil Cd concentrations, with no significant differences between the cultivars. In contrast, bean Cd concentrations showed only weak correlations to available soil Cd and Cd concentrations in the vegetative plant parts, but significant variation among cultivars. Three cultivars, which were analysed in more detail, showed significant differences in Cd concentrations of mature beans, but not of immature beans. These results suggest that cultivar-related differences in bean Cd concentrations primarily result from differences in Cd loading during bean maturation, possibly due to cultivar-specific differences in the xylem-to-phloem transfer of Cd. The results show that selection of cultivars with low Cd transfer from vegetative parts into the beans has high potential to keep Cd accumulation in cacao beans at levels that are safe for consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Engbersen
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Anja Gramlich
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marlon Lopez
- Honduran Foundation for Agricultural Research (FHIA), La Lima, Cortés, Honduras
| | - Gunnar Schwarz
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8052 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Bodo Hattendorf
- Laboratory of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8052 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Osman Gutierrez
- USDA-ARS Subtropical Horticulture Research Station, 13601 Old Cutler Road, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Rainer Schulin
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Department of Environmental Systems Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätsstrasse 16, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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11
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Odoh CK, Zabbey N, Sam K, Eze CN. Status, progress and challenges of phytoremediation - An African scenario. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 237:365-378. [PMID: 30818239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.02.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2018] [Revised: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Environmental pollution occasioned by artisanal activities and technical failures at exploration sites has affected mostly oil producing and other mineral resources mining regions in developed and developing nations. As conventional techniques of remediation seem to be progressively unreliable and inefficient, contaminated land management experts have adopted a plant-based technology described as 'phytoremediation' for effective detoxification and removal of contaminants in substrate environmental media (soil and sediment). This technique, has gained public acceptance because of its aesthetic, eco-friendly, solar energy driven and low cost attributes. With complexity of environmental pollution in Africa, identification of appropriate remediation approach that deliver net environmental benefit and economic profit to the society is vital, while also focusing on the exploitation of plants genetic tools for more clarity on phyto tolerance, uptake and translocation of pollutants. In this article, we reviewed the status, progress and challenges of phytoremediation in selected African countries (South Africa, Nigeria, Tanzania, Zambia, Egypt and Ghana), the ecological impact of the pollutants, phytoremediation strategies and the possible plants of choice. Besides highlighting the support roles played by soil fauna and flora, the fate of harvested biomass/dieback and its future prospects are also discussed. We further explored the factors challenging phytoremediation progress in Africa, amidst its promising potentials and applicability for sustainable ecosystem management paradigm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuks Kenneth Odoh
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
| | - Nenibarini Zabbey
- Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Port Harcourt, PMB, 5323, East-West Road, Choba, Rivers State, Nigeria; Environment and Conservation Unit, Centre for Environment, Human Rights and Development (CEHRD), Legacy Centre, 6 Abuja Lane, D-Line, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria
| | - Kabari Sam
- Environment and Conservation Unit, Centre for Environment, Human Rights and Development (CEHRD), Legacy Centre, 6 Abuja Lane, D-Line, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria; Department of Marine Environment and Pollution Control, Faculty of Marine Environmental Management, Nigeria Maritime University, Warri, Delta State, Nigeria.
| | - Chibuzor Nwadibe Eze
- Department of Microbiology, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, 410001, Enugu State, Nigeria
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12
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Cao Y, Ma C, Zhang J, Wang S, White JC, Chen G, Xing B. Accumulation and spatial distribution of copper and nutrients in willow as affected by soil flooding: A synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 246:980-989. [PMID: 31159147 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2018] [Revised: 12/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/09/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) induced phytotoxicity has become a serious environmental problem as a consequence of significant metal release through anthropogenic activity. Understanding the spatial distribution of Cu in plants such as willow is essential to elucidate the mechanisms of metal accumulation and transport in woody plants, particularly as affected by variable environment conditions such as soil flooding. Using synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence (μ-XRF) techniques, the spatial distribution of Cu and other nutrient elements were investigated in roots and stems of Salix (S.) integra exposed to 450 mg kg-1 Cu under non-flooded (NF)/flooding (F) conditions for 90 d. S. integra grown in the F condition exhibited significant higher tolerance index (TI, determined by the ratio of total biomass in Cu treatments to control) (p < 0.05) than that in the NF condition, indicating soil flooding alleviated Cu toxicity to willow plants. The μ-XRF revealed that Cu was preferentially located in the root cap and meristematic zone of the root tips. Under the NF condition, the Cu intensity in the root epidermis was more highly concentrated than that of the F condition, suggesting the soil flooding significantly inhibited Cu uptake by S. integra. The pattern of the Cu spatial distribution in the S. integra stem indicated that the F condition severely reduced Cu transport via the xylem vessels as a consequence of decreasing the transpiration rate of leaves. To our knowledge, this is the first study to report the in vivo Cu distribution in S. integra in a scenario of co-exposure to the Cu and the soil flooding over a long period. The finding that Cu uptake varies significantly with flooding condition is relevant to the development of strategies for plants to detoxify the metals and to maintain the nutrient homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yini Cao
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, China
| | - Chuanxin Ma
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06504, United States.
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, China
| | - Shufeng Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, China
| | - Jason C White
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, The Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station, New Haven, CT, 06504, United States
| | - Guangcai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 311400, China.
| | - Baoshan Xing
- Stockbridge School of Agriculture, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, 01003, United States
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13
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Summer K, Reichelt-Brushett A. Trace element contaminant uptake in phytocap vegetation and implications for koala habitat, Lismore, Australia. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:24281-24292. [PMID: 29948710 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2441-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Phytocapping is increasingly regarded as an economical and environmentally sustainable post-closure landfill management strategy. During 2013, a phytocap comprised of koala habitat trees was established on a historic landfill site in Lismore as part of an Australian trial program (A-ACAP). This case study was conducted to determine trace element contamination of the Lismore phytocap soil and foliage, and identify risks to grazing koalas. Foliage of Eucalyptus tereticornis, a key koala food tree, and Acacia melanoxylon, a reference native species, were assessed at the phytocap and an uncontaminated reference site. Concentrations of Ag, As, Hg and Pb were significantly higher in foliage from the phytocap compared to that from the reference site (p < 0.0001df 7, 52). Mean trace element concentrations in phytocap E. tereticornis foliage were compliant with state and international standards for contaminants in food and animal feed (NSW State Government, 2010; WHO and FAO, 2015) and soil was compliant with national health-based investigation levels for contaminated sites (NEPC, 2011). However, contaminant distribution was not homogenous, and As and Pb concentrations exceeded guidelines in some soil and foliage samples. Based on available guidelines and weekly dietary intake calculations, risks to koala health posed by trace element contamination of phytocap foliage are currently low, though should be managed by continued monitoring as the vegetation matures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate Summer
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Military Road, East Lismore, New South Wales, 2480, Australia
| | - Amanda Reichelt-Brushett
- School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Military Road, East Lismore, New South Wales, 2480, Australia.
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14
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Garcia JS, Dalmolin ÂC, Cortez PA, Barbeira PS, Mangabeira PAO, França MGC. Short-term cadmium exposure induces gas exchanges, morphological and ultrastructural disturbances in mangrove Avicennia schaueriana young plants. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2018; 131:122-129. [PMID: 29886928 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2018.03.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 03/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/30/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Mangroves have been subject to more metal contamination, including cadmium (Cd). This study evaluated if a relatively short Cd exposure may induce metabolic, morphological and ultrastructural cell disturbance in Avicennia schaueriana. Cd induced evident constraints to seedlings since there was reduction in leaf gas exchanges and the plants did not survive for more than 10 days at a higher Cd exposure in controlled conditions. The highest Cd accumulation was observed in roots and gradually less in stem and leaves. Cadmium induced lignin deposition was observed in xylem cells of all vegetative organs. Intense sclerification in xylem cells, endoderm and change in the hypoderm organization were also detected. Cadmium clearly induced chloroplast deformities with ruptures of its membranes, thylakoids and core and provoked cytoplasm disorganization. These metal constraints under natural conditions for long term can lead to the accumulation of cellular and metabolic damages and jeopardize seedlings establishment and local biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janaina S Garcia
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Brazil; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Ândrea C Dalmolin
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Priscila A Cortez
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo S Barbeira
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Brazil
| | - Pedro A O Mangabeira
- Departamento de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Jorge Amado, Km 16, 45662-900, Brazil.
| | - Marcel G C França
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, 6627 Av. Antônio Carlos, 31270-901, Brazil.
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15
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Gramlich A, Tandy S, Gauggel C, López M, Perla D, Gonzalez V, Schulin R. Soil cadmium uptake by cocoa in Honduras. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2018; 612:370-378. [PMID: 28858747 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2017] [Revised: 08/11/2017] [Accepted: 08/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) is a trace metal without essential biological functions that is toxic to plants, animals and humans at low concentrations. It occurs naturally in soils, but inputs from anthropogenic sources have increased soil Cd contents worldwide. Cadmium uptake by cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) has recently attracted attention, after the European Union (EU) decided to bring into force values for maximum Cd concentrations in cocoa products that would be exceeded by current products of various provenances from Latin America. In order to identify factors governing Cd uptake by cocoa, we carried out a survey on 55 cocoa farms in Honduras in which we determined Cd concentrations in cocoa leaves, pod husks and beans and analysed their relationships to a variety of surrounding soil and site factors. Averaging 2.6±0.4mgkg-1, the concentrations of Cd were higher in the leaves than in the beans. With an average of 1.1±0.2mgkg-1, the bean Cd concentrations still exceeded the proposed EU limit, however. The bean Cd showed large differences between geological substrates, even though regional variations in 'total' soil Cd were comparably small and the average concentration was in the range of uncontaminated soils (0.25±0.02mgkg-1). As we found no influence of fertilizer application or vicinity to industrial sites, we conclude that the differences in soil Cd between sites were due to natural variation. Of all factors included here, DGT-available soil Cd was the best predictor of bean Cd (R2=0.5). When DGT was not considered, bean Cd was best predicted by 'total' soil Cd, pH and geology. The highest bean Cd concentrations were found on alluvial substrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gramlich
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - S Tandy
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - C Gauggel
- Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola (FHIA), La Lima, Honduras
| | - M López
- Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola (FHIA), La Lima, Honduras
| | - D Perla
- Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola (FHIA), La Lima, Honduras
| | - V Gonzalez
- Fundación Hondureña de Investigación Agrícola (FHIA), La Lima, Honduras
| | - R Schulin
- ETH Zurich, Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, Zurich, Switzerland
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16
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Thavamani P, Samkumar RA, Satheesh V, Subashchandrabose SR, Ramadass K, Naidu R, Venkateswarlu K, Megharaj M. Microbes from mined sites: Harnessing their potential for reclamation of derelict mine sites. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2017; 230:495-505. [PMID: 28688926 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/17/2017] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Derelict mines pose potential risks to environmental health. Several factors such as soil structure, organic matter, and nutrient content are the greatly affected qualities in mined soils. Soil microbial communities are an important element for successful reclamation because of their major role in nutrient cycling, plant establishment, geochemical transformations, and soil formation. Yet, microorganisms generally remain an undervalued asset in mined sites. The microbial diversity in derelict mine sites consists of diverse species belonging to four key phyla: Proteobacteria, Acidobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes. The activity of plant symbiotic microorganisms including root-colonizing rhizobacteria and ectomycorrhizal fungi of existing vegetation in the mined sites is very high since most of these microbes are extremophiles. This review outlines the importance of microorganisms to soil health and the rehabilitation of derelict mines and how microbial activity and diversity can be exploited to better plan the soil rehabilitation. Besides highlighting the major breakthroughs in the application of microorganisms for mined site reclamation, we provide a critical view on plant-microbiome interactions to improve revegetation at the mined sites. Also, the need has been emphasized for deciphering the molecular mechanisms of adaptation and resistance of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere microbes in abandoned mine sites, understanding their role in remediation, and subsequent harnessing of their potential to pave the way in future rehabilitation strategies for mined sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Palanisami Thavamani
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Australia.
| | - R Amos Samkumar
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | - Viswanathan Satheesh
- ICAR- National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, Pusa, New Delhi 110012, India
| | | | - Kavitha Ramadass
- Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Australia
| | - Ravi Naidu
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation, University of Newcastle, Australia
| | - Kadiyala Venkateswarlu
- Formerly Department of Microbiology, Sri Krishnadevaraya University, Anantapur 515055, India
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17
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Mleczek M, Goliński P, Krzesłowska M, Gąsecka M, Magdziak Z, Rutkowski P, Budzyńska S, Waliszewska B, Kozubik T, Karolewski Z, Niedzielski P. Phytoextraction of potentially toxic elements by six tree species growing on hazardous mining sludge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:22183-22195. [PMID: 28791581 PMCID: PMC5629231 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-017-9842-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to compare the phytoextraction abilities of six tree species (Acer platanoides L., Acer pseudoplatanus L., Betula pendula Roth, Quercus robur L., Tilia cordata Miller, Ulmus laevis Pall.), cultivated on mining sludge contaminated with arsenic (As), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), lead (Pb), thallium (Tl), and zinc (Zn). All six tree species were able to survive on such an unpromising substrate. However, A. platanoides and T. cordata seedlings grown on the polluted substrate showed significantly lower biomass than control plants (55.5 and 45.6%, respectively). As, Cd, Cu, Pb, and Tl predominantly accumulated in the roots of all the analyzed tree species with the following highest contents: 1616, 268, 2432, 547, and 856 mg kg-1, respectively. Zn was predominantly localized in shoots with the highest content of 5801 and 5732 mg kg-1 for U. laevis and A. platanoides, respectively. A. platanoides was the most effective in Zn phytoextaction, with a bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 8.99 and a translocation factor (TF) of 1.5. Furthermore, with the exception of A. pseudoplatanus, the analyzed tree species showed a BCF > 1 for Tl, with the highest value for A. platanoides (1.41). However, the TF for this metal was lower than 1 in all the analyzed tree species. A. platanoides showed the highest BCF and a low TF and could, therefore, be a promising species for Tl phytostabilization. In the case of the other analyzed tree species, their potential for effective phytoextraction was markedly lower. Further studies on the use of A. platanoides in phytoremediation would be worth conducting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirosław Mleczek
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland.
| | - Piotr Goliński
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krzesłowska
- Faculty of Biology, Laboratory of General Botany, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
| | - Monika Gąsecka
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Zuzanna Magdziak
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Paweł Rutkowski
- Department of Forest Sites and Ecology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 71F, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Sylwia Budzyńska
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Bogusława Waliszewska
- Institute of Chemical Wood Technology, University of Life Sciences in Poznan, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomisław Kozubik
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625, Poznań, Poland
- Energetyka S.A, M. Skłodowskiej-Curie 58, 59-301, Lubin, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Karolewski
- Department of Phytopathology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Dąbrowskiego 159, 60-594, Poznań, Poland
| | - Przemysław Niedzielski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Umultowska 89B, 61-614, Poznań, Poland
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18
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Radojčić Redovniković I, De Marco A, Proietti C, Hanousek K, Sedak M, Bilandžić N, Jakovljević T. Poplar response to cadmium and lead soil contamination. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2017; 144:482-489. [PMID: 28667860 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2017.06.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2017] [Revised: 05/21/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
An outdoor pot experiment was designed to study the potential of poplar (Populus nigra 'Italica') in phytoremediation of cadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb). Poplar was treated with a combination of different concentrations of Cd (w = 10, 25, 50mgkg-1 soil) and Pb (400, 800, 1200mgkg-1 soil) and several physiological and biochemical parameters were monitored including the accumulation and distribution of metals in different plant parts (leaf, stem, root). Simultaneously, the changes in the antioxidant system in roots and leaves were monitored to be able to follow synergistic effects of both heavy metals. Moreover, a statistical analysis based on the Random Forests Analysis (RFA) was performed in order to determine the most important predictors affecting growth and antioxidative machinery activities of poplar under heavy metal stress. The study demonstrated that tested poplar could be a good candidate for phytoextraction processes of Cd in moderately contaminated soils, while in heavily contaminated soil it could be only considered as a phytostabilisator. For Pb remediation only phytostabilisation process could be considered. By using RFA we pointed out that it is important to conduct the experiments in an outdoor space and include environmental conditions in order to study more realistic changes of growth parameters and accumulation and distribution of heavy metals. Also, to be able to better understand the interactions among previously mentioned parameters, it is important to conduct the experiments during prolonged time exposure., This is especially important for the long life cycle woody species.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra De Marco
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Environment (ENEA), C.R. Casaccia, Via Anguillarese 301, 00123 S. Maria di Galeria, Rome, Italy
| | - Chiara Proietti
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro, 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Karla Hanousek
- Croatian Forest Research Institute, Cvjetno naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia
| | - Marija Sedak
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Nina Bilandžić
- Croatian Veterinary Institute, Savska cesta 143, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Tamara Jakovljević
- Croatian Forest Research Institute, Cvjetno naselje 41, 10450 Jastrebarsko, Croatia.
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19
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Harumain ZAS, Parker HL, Muñoz García A, Austin MJ, McElroy CR, Hunt AJ, Clark JH, Meech JA, Anderson CWN, Ciacci L, Graedel TE, Bruce NC, Rylott EL. Toward Financially Viable Phytoextraction and Production of Plant-Based Palladium Catalysts. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2017; 51:2992-3000. [PMID: 28191957 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b04821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Although a promising technique, phytoextraction has yet to see significant commercialization. Major limitations include metal uptake rates and subsequent processing costs. However, it has been shown that liquid-culture-grown Arabidopsis can take up and store palladium as nanoparticles. The processed plant biomass has catalytic activity comparable to that of commercially available catalysts, creating a product of higher value than extracted bulk metal. We demonstrate that the minimum level of palladium in Arabidopsis dried tissues for catalytic activity comparable to commercially available 3% palladium-on-carbon catalysts was achieved from dried plant biomass containing between 12 and 18 g·kg-1 Pd. To advance this technology, species suitable for in-the-field application: mustard, miscanthus, and 16 willow species and cultivars, were tested. These species were able to grow, and take up, palladium from both synthetic and mine-sourced tailings. Although levels of palladium accumulation in field-suitable species are below that required for commercially available 3% palladium-on-carbon catalysts, this study both sets the target, and is a step toward, the development of field-suitable species that concentrate catalytically active levels of palladium. Life cycle assessment on the phytomining approaches described here indicates that the use of plants to accumulate palladium for industrial applications has the potential to decrease the overall environmental impacts associated with extracting palladium using present-day mining processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakuan A S Harumain
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York , Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
- Department of Biotechnology, Kulliyyah of Science, International Islamic University of Malaysia , Kuantan Campus, 25200, Malaysia
| | - Helen L Parker
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York , York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Andrea Muñoz García
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York , York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Michael J Austin
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York , York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Con Robert McElroy
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York , York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Andrew J Hunt
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York , York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - James H Clark
- Green Chemistry Centre of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, University of York , York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - John A Meech
- NBK Institute of Mining Engineering, University of British Columbia , Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada
| | - Christopher W N Anderson
- Institute of Agriculture and Environment, Massey University , Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand
| | - Luca Ciacci
- Center for Industrial Ecology, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - T E Graedel
- Center for Industrial Ecology, Yale University , New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Neil C Bruce
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York , Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
| | - Elizabeth L Rylott
- Centre for Novel Agricultural Products, Department of Biology, University of York , Wentworth Way, York, YO10 5DD, U.K
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Shi X, Wang S, Sun H, Chen Y, Wang D, Pan H, Zou Y, Liu J, Zheng L, Zhao X, Jiang Z. Comparative of Quercus spp. and Salix spp. for phytoremediation of Pb/Zn mine tailings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2017; 24:3400-3411. [PMID: 27866363 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using tree seedlings for the phytoremediation of lead/zinc (Pb/Zn) mine tailings. Seedlings of three Quercus spp. (Q. shumardii, Q. phellos, and Q. virginiana) and rooted cuttings of two Salix spp. (S. matsudana and S. integra) were transplanted into pots containing 50 and 100 % Pb/Zn mine tailings to evaluate their tolerance of heavy metals. The five species showed different tolerance levels to the Pb/Zn tailings treatments. Q. virginiana was highly tolerant to heavy metals and grew normally in the Pb/Zn tailings. The root systems showed marked differences between the Quercus spp. and Salix spp., indicating that different mechanisms operated to confer tolerance of heavy metals. The maximum efficiency of photosystem II photochemistry value of the five species showed no differences among the treatments, except for Q. shumardii. All species showed low metal translocation factors (TFs). However, S. integra had significantly higher TF values for Zn (1.42-2.18) and cadmium (1.03-1.45) than did the other species. In this respect, Q. virginiana showed the highest tolerance and a low TF, implying that it is a candidate for phytostabilization of mine tailings in southern China. S. integra may be useful for phytoextraction of tailings in temperate regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shi
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Shufeng Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Haijing Sun
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Yitai Chen
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Dongxue Wang
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
- Forestry College of Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Huhhot, 010019, China
| | - Hongwei Pan
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Yazhu Zou
- Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Hangzhou, 311400, China
| | - Jianfeng Liu
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Linyu Zheng
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Xiulian Zhao
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Zeping Jiang
- Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, 100091, China.
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Shi X, Chen YT, Wang SF, Pan HW, Sun HJ, Liu CX, Liu JF, Jiang ZP. Phytoremediation potential of transplanted bare-root seedlings of trees for lead/zinc and copper mine tailings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:1155-1163. [PMID: 27216539 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2016.1189399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Selecting plant species that can overcome unfavorable conditions and increase the recovery of degraded mined lands remains a challenge. A pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of using transplanted tree seedlings for the phytoremediation of lead/zinc and copper mine tailings. One-year-old bare-root of woody species (Rhus chinensis Mill, Quercus acutissima Carruth, Liquidambar formosana Hance, Vitex trifolia Linn. var. simplicifolia Cham, Lespedeza cuneata and Amorpha fruticosa Linn) were transplanted into pots with mine tailings and tested as potential metal-tolerant plants. Seedling survival, plant growth, root trait, nutrient uptake, and metal accumulation and translocation were assessed. The six species grew in both tailings and showed different tolerance level. A. fruticosa was highly tolerant of Zn, Pb and Cu, and grew normally in both tailings. Metal concentrations were higher in the roots than in the shoots of the six species. All of the species had low bioconcentration and translocation factor values. However, R. chinensis and L. formosana had significantly higher translocation factor values for Pb (0.88) and Zn (1.78) than the other species. The nitrogen-fixing species, A. fruticosa, had the highest tolerance and biomass production, implying that it has great potential in the phytoremediation of tailing areas in southern China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Shi
- a Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry , Hangzhou , China
| | - Yi-Tai Chen
- a Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry , Hangzhou , China
| | - Shu-Feng Wang
- a Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry , Hangzhou , China
| | - Hong-Wei Pan
- a Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry , Hangzhou , China
| | - Hai-Jing Sun
- a Research Institute of Subtropical Forestry, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding of Zhejiang Province, Chinese Academy of Forestry , Hangzhou , China
| | - Cai-Xia Liu
- b Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry , Beijing , China
| | - Jian-Feng Liu
- b Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry , Beijing , China
| | - Ze-Ping Jiang
- b Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry , Beijing , China
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Nirola R, Megharaj M, Beecham S, Aryal R, Thavamani P, Vankateswarlu K, Saint C. Remediation of metalliferous mines, revegetation challenges and emerging prospects in semi-arid and arid conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:20131-20150. [PMID: 27539471 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-7372-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding plant behaviour in polluted soils is critical for the sustainable remediation of metal-polluted sites including abandoned mines. Post-operational and abandoned metal mines particularly in semi-arid and arid zones are one of the major sources of pollution by soil erosion or plant hyperaccumulation bringing ecological impacts. We have selected from the literature 157 species belonging to 50 families to present a global overview of 'plants under action' against heavy metal pollution. Generally, all species of plants that are drought, salt and metal tolerant are candidates of interest to deal with harsh environmental conditions, particularly at semi-arid and arid mine sites. Pioneer metallophytes namely Atriplex nummularia, Atriplex semibaccata, Salsola kali, Phragmites australis and Medicago sativa, representing the taxonomic orders Caryophyllales, Poales and Fabales are evaluated in terms of phytoremediation in this review. Phytoremediation processes, microbial and algal bioremediation, the use and implication of tissue culture and biotechnology are critically examined. Overall, an integration of available remediation plant-based technologies, referred to here as 'integrated remediation technology,' is proposed to be one of the possible ways ahead to effectively address problems of toxic heavy metal pollution. Graphical abstract Integrated remediation technology (IRT) in metal-contaminated semi-arid and arid conditions. The hexagonal red line represents an IRT concept based on remediation decisions by combination of plants and microbial processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramkrishna Nirola
- Future Industries Institute, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia.
- Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia.
| | - Mallavarapu Megharaj
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | - Simon Beecham
- Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Rupak Aryal
- Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
| | - Palanisami Thavamani
- Global Centre for Environmental Remediation (GCER), University of Newcastle, ATC Building, Callaghan, Newcastle, NSW, 2308, Australia
| | | | - Christopher Saint
- Natural & Built Environments Research Centre, Division of Information Technology, Engineering and the Environment, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA, 5095, Australia
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Bopp C, Christl I, Schulin R, Evangelou MWH. Biochar as possible long-term soil amendment for phytostabilisation of TE-contaminated soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:17449-17458. [PMID: 27230149 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6935-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Soils contaminated by trace elements (TEs) pose a high risk to their surrounding areas as TEs can spread by wind and water erosion or leaching. A possible option to reduce TE transfer from these sites is phytostabilisation. It is a long-term and cost-effective rehabilitation strategy which aims at immobilising TEs within the soil by vegetation cover and amendment application. One possible amendment is biochar. It is charred organic matter which has been shown to immobilise metals due to its high surface area and alkaline pH. Doubts have been expressed about the longevity of this immobilising effect as it could dissipate once the carbonates in the biochar have dissolved. Therefore, in a pot experiment, we determined plant metal uptake by ryegrass (Lolium perenne) from three TE-contaminated soils treated with two biochars, which differed only in their pH (acidic, 2.80; alkaline, 9.33) and carbonate (0.17 and 7.3 %) content. Root biomass was increased by the application of the alkaline biochar due to the decrease in TE toxicity. Zinc and Cu bioavailability and plant uptake were equally reduced by both biochars, showing that surface area plays an important role in metal immobilisation. Biochar could serve as a long-term amendment for TE immobilisation even after its alkalinity effect has dissipated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Bopp
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Iso Christl
- Institute of Biogeochemistry, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Rainer Schulin
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Michael W H Evangelou
- Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
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Evangelou MWH, Bürgi A, Robinson BH, Günthardt-Goerg MS, Schöngens M, Schulin R. Novel method to determine element concentrations in foliage of poplar and willow cuttings. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2016; 18:943-948. [PMID: 26691784 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2015.1131234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the uptake of the chemical elements by plants usually requires the destructive harvest of the plants. Analyzing individual leaves is unsatisfactory because their elemental concentration depends on their age and position on the branch or stem. We aimed to find an easy method to determine the elemental concentrations using a few suitable single leaves along the main shoot of poplar (Populus monviso) and willow (Salix viminalis) cuttings at the end of the first season. Using Ca, Cd, Mn, Fe, K, P, Pb, and Zn concentrations, measured in selected leaves along the main shoots of the cuttings, mathematical functions were derived, which described best their distribution. Elemental allocation patterns were independent of the soil characteristics and soil element concentrations. Based on these functions, three leaves from specific positions along the main shoot were selected, which could accurately describe the derived functions. The deviation of the calculated average concentration, based on the 3-leaves method, was ≤15% in approximately 65% of the cases compared to the measured concentration. This method could be used to calculate element concentrations and fluxes in phytomanagement, biomonitoring, or biomass productions projects using one-season poplar or willow cuttings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W H Evangelou
- a Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Annina Bürgi
- a Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Brett H Robinson
- b Agriculture and Life Sciences, Lincoln University , Lincoln , Canterbury , New Zealand
| | - Madeleine S Günthardt-Goerg
- c Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Zürcherstrasse , Birmensdorf , Switzerland
| | - Marcel Schöngens
- d Institute for Theoretical Computer Science, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse , Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Rainer Schulin
- a Institute of Terrestrial Ecosystems, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse , Zürich , Switzerland
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Zhao X, Zheng L, Xia X, Yin W, Lei J, Shi S, Shi X, Li H, Li Q, Wei Y, Chang E, Jiang Z, Liu J. Responses and acclimation of Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis Bl.) to metal stress: the inducible antimony tolerance in oak trees. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2015; 22:11456-11466. [PMID: 25813633 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-4304-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Antimony (Sb) pollution has become a pressing environmental problem in recent years. Trees have been proven to have great potential for the feasible phytomanagement; however, little is known about Sb retention and tolerance in trees. The Chinese cork oak (Quercus variabilis Bl.) is known to be capable of growth in soils containing high concentrations of Sb. This study explored in detail the retention and acclimation of Q. variabilis under moderate and high external Sb levels. Results revealed that Q. variabilis could tolerate and accumulate high Sb (1623.39 mg kg(-1) DW) in roots. Dynamics of Sb retention in leaves, stems, and roots of Q. variabilis were different. Leaf Sb remained at a certain level for several weeks, while in roots and stems, Sb concentrations continued to increase. Sb damaged tree's PSII reaction cores but elicited defense mechanism at the donor side of PSII. It affected the electron transport flow after QA (-) more strongly than the oxygen-evolving complex and light-harvesting pigment-protein complex II. Sb also decreased leaf chlorophyll concentrations and therefore inhibited plant growth. During acclimation to Sb toxicity, Sb concentrations in leaves, stems, and roots decreased, with photosynthetic activity and pigments recovering to normal levels by the end of the experiment. These findings suggest that Sb tolerance in Q. variabilis is inducible. Acclimation seems to be related to homeostasis of Sb in plants. Results of this study can provide useful information for trees breeding and selection of Sb phytomanagement strategies, exploiting the established ability of Q. variabilis to transport, delocalize in the leaves, and tolerate Sb pollutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiulian Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Kidd P, Mench M, Álvarez-López V, Bert V, Dimitriou I, Friesl-Hanl W, Herzig R, Janssen JO, Kolbas A, Müller I, Neu S, Renella G, Ruttens A, Vangronsveld J, Puschenreiter M. Agronomic Practices for Improving Gentle Remediation of Trace Element-Contaminated Soils. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2015; 17:1005-1037. [PMID: 25581041 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2014.1003788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The last few decades have seen the rise of Gentle soil Remediation Options (GRO), which notably include in situ contaminant stabilization ("inactivation") and plant-based (generally termed "phytoremediation") options. For trace element (TE)-contaminated sites, GRO aim to either decrease their labile pool and/or total content in the soil, thereby reducing related pollutant linkages. Much research has been dedicated to the screening and selection of TE-tolerant plant species and genotypes for application in GRO. However, the number of field trials demonstrating successful GRO remains well below the number of studies carried out at a greenhouse level. The move from greenhouse to field conditions requires incorporating agronomical knowledge into the remediation process and the ecological restoration of ecosystem services. This review summarizes agronomic practices against their demonstrated or potential positive effect on GRO performance, including plant selection, soil management practices, crop rotation, short rotation coppice, intercropping/row cropping, planting methods and plant densities, harvest and fertilization management, pest and weed control and irrigation management. Potentially negative effects of GRO, e.g., the introduction of potentially invasive species, are also discussed. Lessons learnt from long-term European field case sites are given for aiding the choice of appropriate management practices and plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Kidd
- a Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Michel Mench
- b INRA, UMR BIOGECO, Cestas , France; University of Bordeaux, UMR BIOGECO , Pessac , France , France
| | - Vanessa Álvarez-López
- a Instituto de Investigaciones Agrobiológicas de Galicia (IIAG) , Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) , Santiago de Compostela , Spain
| | - Valérie Bert
- c INERIS, Technologies and Sustainable and Clean Processes , Verneuil en Halatte , France
| | - Ioannis Dimitriou
- d Swedish University of Agriculture Sciences , Department of Crop Production Ecology , Uppsala , Sweden
| | - Wolfgang Friesl-Hanl
- e AIT Austrian Institute of Technology GmbH , Health and Environment Department , Tulln , Austria
| | - Rolf Herzig
- f Phytotech Foundation (PT-F), and AGB-Bioindikation , Umweltbeobachtung und oekologische Planung Quartiergasse , Bern , Switzerland
| | - Jolien Olga Janssen
- g Hasselt University , Centre for Environmental Sciences , Diepenbeek , Belgium
| | - Aliaksandr Kolbas
- b INRA, UMR BIOGECO, Cestas , France; University of Bordeaux, UMR BIOGECO , Pessac , France , France
- h Brest State University named after A.S. Pushkin , Brest , Belarus
| | - Ingo Müller
- i Saxon State Office for Environment , Agriculture and Geology , Dresden , Germany
| | - Silke Neu
- i Saxon State Office for Environment , Agriculture and Geology , Dresden , Germany
| | - Giancarlo Renella
- j University of Florence , Department of Agrifood Production and Environmental Sciences , Florence , Italy
| | - Ann Ruttens
- g Hasselt University , Centre for Environmental Sciences , Diepenbeek , Belgium
| | - Jaco Vangronsveld
- g Hasselt University , Centre for Environmental Sciences , Diepenbeek , Belgium
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- k University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna - BOKU , Department of Forest and Soil Sciences , Tulln , Austria
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Ahmadpour P, Soleimani M, Ahmadpour F, Abdu A. Evaluation of copper bioaccumulation and translocation in Jatropha curcas grown in a contaminated soil. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2014; 16:454-468. [PMID: 24912228 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.798614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Contamination of soils with copper (Cu) has become a serious problem in the environment. Phytoremediation is an emerging green technology that uses green plants to remediate heavy metal contaminated areas. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of Jatropha curcasfor remediation of soils contaminated with Cu. Seedlings were planted in soils spiked with Cu in amount of 0, 50, 100, 200, 300, and 400 mg kg(-1) (Cu0, Cu50, Cu100, Cu200, Cu300, and Cu400) for a period of five months. The maximum height and number of leaves were recorded in control (Cu0) whereas the highest basal stem diameter was found in seedlings exposed to Cu50. Copper concentrations among plant parts were in the following trend: roots > stems > leaves. The highest total Cu concentration (665 +/- 1 mg kg(-1)) and total Cu removal (1.2 +/- 0.2%) based on total plant dry biomass were found in Cu400 and Cu50 treatments, respectively. J. curcas exhibited high root concentration factor (RCF > 1) and low translocation factor (TF < 1). Although Cu accumulation by the plant didn't reach the criteria of Cu hyperaccumulators, this species showed a potential to be used in phytostabilization of mildly Cu contaminated areas. However, the plant cannot be used for phytoextraction of Cu-contaminated soils.
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Algreen M, Trapp S, Rein A. Phytoscreening and phytoextraction of heavy metals at Danish polluted sites using willow and poplar trees. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 21:8992-9001. [PMID: 24014198 PMCID: PMC4125817 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-013-2085-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/21/2013] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to determine typical concentrations of heavy metals (HM) in wood from willows and poplars, in order to test the feasibility of phytoscreening and phytoextraction of HM. Samples were taken from one strongly, one moderately, and one slightly polluted site and from three reference sites. Wood from both tree species had similar background concentrations at 0.5 mg kg(-1) for cadmium (Cd), 1.6 mg kg(-1) for copper (Cu), 0.3 mg kg(-1) for nickel (Ni), and 25 mg kg(-1) for zinc (Zn). Concentrations of chromium (Cr) and lead (Pb) were below or close to detection limit. Concentrations in wood from the highly polluted site were significantly elevated, compared to references, in particular for willow. The conclusion from these results is that tree coring could be used successfully to identify strongly heavy metal-polluted soil for Cd, Cu, Ni, Zn, and that willow trees were superior to poplars, except when screening for Ni. Phytoextraction of HMs was quantified from measured concentration in wood at the most polluted site. Extraction efficiencies were best for willows and Cd, but below 0.5% over 10 years, and below 1‰ in 10 years for all other HMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mette Algreen
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, Miljøvej building 113, DK-2800, Kongens Lyngby, Denmark,
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