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Dantsev IS, Parfenenko MA, Radzhabova GM, Nikolaeva EA. An FGFR2 mutation as the potential cause of a new phenotype including early-onset osteoporosis and bone fractures: a case report. BMC Med Genomics 2023; 16:329. [PMID: 38098042 PMCID: PMC10722747 DOI: 10.1186/s12920-023-01750-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis is a systemic, multifactorial disorder of bone mineralization. Many factors contributing to the development of osteoporosis have been identified so far, including gender, age, nutrition, lifestyle, exercise, drug use, as well as a range of comorbidities. In addition to environmental and lifestyle factors, molecular genetic factors account for 50-85% of osteoporosis cases. For example, the vitamin D receptor (VDR), collagen type I (COL1), estrogen receptor (ER), apolypoprotein Е (ApoE), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) are all involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis. Among the candidate genes, the pathogenic variants in which are involved in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis is FGFR2. Additionally, FGFs/FGFRs-dependent signaling has been shown to regulate skeletal development and has been linked to a plethora of heritable disorders of the musculoskeletal system. In this study we present the clinical, biochemical and radiological findings, as well as results of molecular genetic testing of a 13-year-old male proband with heritable osteoporosis, arthralgia and multiple fractures and a family history of abnormal bone mineralization and fractures. Whole exome sequencing found a heterozygous previously undescribed variant in the FGFR2 gene (NM_000141.5) (GRCh37.p13 ENSG00000066468.16: g.123298133dup; ENST00000358487.5:c.722dup; ENSP00000351276.5:p.Asn241LysfsTer43). The same variant was found in two affected relatives. These data lead us to believe that the variant in FGFR2 found in our proband and his relatives could be related to their phenotype. Therefore, modern methods of molecular genetic testing can allow us to differentiate between osteogenesis imperfecta and other bone mineralization disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya S Dantsev
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Taldomskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russia
| | - Mariia A Parfenenko
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Taldomskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russia.
| | - Gulnara M Radzhabova
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Taldomskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Nikolaeva
- Veltischev Research and Clinical Institute for Pediatrics and Pediatric Surgery of the Pirogov, Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 2 Taldomskaya St, Moscow, 125412, Russia
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Tantibhaedhyangkul W, Tantrapornpong J, Yutchawit N, Theerapanon T, Intarak N, Thaweesapphithak S, Porntaveetus T, Shotelersuk V. Dental characteristics of patients with four different types of skeletal dysplasias. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5827-5839. [PMID: 37548766 PMCID: PMC10560164 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05194-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Skeletal dysplasia (SD) comprises more than 450 separate disorders. We hypothesized that their dental features would be distinctive and investigated the tooth characteristics of four patients with different SDs. MATERIAL AND METHODS Four SD patients with molecularly confirmed diagnoses, Pt-1 acromicric dysplasia, Pt-2 hypophosphatasia and hypochondroplasia, Pt-3 cleidocranial dysplasia, and Pt-4 achondroplasia, were recruited. A tooth from each patient was evaluated for mineral density (micro-computerized tomography), surface roughness (surface profilometer), microhardness, mineral contents (energy-dispersive X-ray), and ultrastructure (scanning electron microscopy and histology), and compared with three tooth-type matched controls. RESULTS Pt-1 and Pt-3 had several unerupted teeth. Pt-2 had an intact-root-exfoliated tooth at 2 years old. The lingual surfaces of the patients' teeth were significantly smoother, while their buccal surfaces were rougher, than controls, except for Pt-1's buccal surface. The patients' teeth exhibited deep grooves around the enamel prisms and rough intertubular dentin. Pt-3 demonstrated a flat dentinoenamel junction and Pt-2 had an enlarged pulp, barely detectable cementum layer, and ill-defined cemento-dentinal junction. Reduced microhardnesses in enamel, dentin, and both layers were observed in Pt-3, Pt-4, and Pt-1, respectively. Pt-1 showed reduced Ca/P ratio in dentin, while both enamel and dentin of Pt-2 and Pt-3 showed reduced Ca/P ratio. CONCLUSION Each SD has distinctive dental characteristics with changes in surface roughness, ultrastructure, and mineral composition of dental hard tissues. CLINICAL RELEVANCE In this era of precision dentistry, identifying the specific potential dental problems for each patient with SD would help personalize dental management guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Worasap Tantibhaedhyangkul
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Jenjira Tantrapornpong
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Nuttanun Yutchawit
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thanakorn Theerapanon
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Narin Intarak
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Sermporn Thaweesapphithak
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Thantrira Porntaveetus
- Center of Excellence in Genomics and Precision Dentistry, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
| | - Vorasuk Shotelersuk
- Center of Excellence for Medical Genomics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
- Excellence Center for Genomics and Precision Medicine, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, the Thai Red Cross Society, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
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Krishnan RH, Sadu L, Akshaya RL, Gomathi K, Saranya I, Das UR, Satishkumar S, Selvamurugan N. Circ_CUX1/miR-130b-5p/p300 axis for parathyroid hormone-stimulation of Runx2 activity in rat osteoblasts: A combined bioinformatic and experimental approach. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 225:1152-1163. [PMID: 36427609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.11.176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Parathyroid hormone (PTH) regulates the expression of bone remodeling genes by enhancing the activity of Runx2 in osteoblasts. p300, a histone acetyltransferase, acetylated Runx2 to activate the expression of its target genes. PTH stimulated the expression of p300 in rat osteoblastic cells. Increasing studies suggested the potential of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), such as microRNAs (miRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs), in regulating gene expression under both physiological and pathological conditions. In this study, we hypothesized that PTH regulates Runx2 activity via ncRNAs-mediated p300 expression in rat osteoblastic cells. Bioinformatics and experimental approaches identified PTH-upregulation of miR-130b-5p and circ_CUX1 that putatively target p300 and miR-130b-5p, respectively. An antisense-mediated knockdown of circ_CUX1 was performed to determine the sponging activity of circ_CUX1. Knockdown of circ_CUX1 promoted miR-130b-5p activity and reduced p300 expression, resulting in decreased Runx2 acetylation in rat osteoblastic cells. Further, bioinformatics analysis identified the possible signaling pathways that regulate Runx2 activity and osteoblast differentiation via circ_CUX1/miR-130b-5p/p300 axis. The predicted circ_CUX1/miR-130b-5p/p300 axis might pave the way for better diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for bone-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Hari Krishnan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Lakshana Sadu
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R L Akshaya
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Gomathi
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - I Saranya
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Udipt Ranjan Das
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Sneha Satishkumar
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Selvamurugan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Taylor AM, Sun JM, Yu A, Voicu H, Shen J, Barkauskas DA, Triche TJ, Gastier-Foster JM, Man TK, Lau CC. Integrated DNA Copy Number and Expression Profiling Identifies IGF1R as a Prognostic Biomarker in Pediatric Osteosarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23148036. [PMID: 35887382 PMCID: PMC9319262 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23148036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma is a primary malignant bone tumor arising from bone-forming mesenchymal cells in children and adolescents. Despite efforts to understand the biology of the disease and identify novel therapeutics, the survival of osteosarcoma patients remains dismal. We have concurrently profiled the copy number and gene expression of 226 osteosarcoma samples as part of the Strategic Partnering to Evaluate Cancer Signatures (SPECS) initiative. Our results demonstrate the heterogeneous landscape of osteosarcoma in younger populations by showing the presence of genome-wide copy number abnormalities occurring both recurrently among samples and in a high frequency. Insulin growth factor receptor 1 (IGF1R) is a receptor tyrosine kinase which binds IGF1 and IGF2 to activate downstream pathways involved in cell apoptosis and proliferation. We identify prevalent amplification of IGF1R corresponding with increased gene expression in patients with poor survival outcomes. Our results substantiate previously tenuously associated copy number abnormalities identified in smaller datasets (13q34+, 20p13+, 4q35-, 20q13.33-), and indicate the significance of high fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) expression in distinguishing patients with poor prognosis. FGFR2 is involved in cellular proliferation processes such as division, growth and angiogenesis. In summary, our findings demonstrate the prognostic significance of several genes associated with osteosarcoma pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron M. Taylor
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
- Program of Quantitative & Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Jiayi M. Sun
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
- Program of Quantitative & Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Alexander Yu
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
| | - Horatiu Voicu
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center-Bioinformatics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Jianhe Shen
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
| | - Donald A. Barkauskas
- Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Timothy J. Triche
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | | | - Tsz-Kwong Man
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center-Bioinformatics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
| | - Ching C. Lau
- The Jackson Laboratory for Genomic Medicine, Farmington, CT 06032, USA;
- Department of Pediatrics-Oncology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA; (J.M.S.); (A.Y.); (J.S.); (T.-K.M.)
- Program of Quantitative & Computational Biosciences, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA
- Dan L. Duncan Cancer Center-Bioinformatics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Cancer and Hematology Center, Texas Children’s Hospital, Houston, TX 77030, USA;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-207-288-6000
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Jang MJ, Ahn MB. Effect of Growth Hormone Therapy on a 4-Year-Old Girl with Pfeiffer Syndrome and Short Stature: A Case Report. CHILDREN 2022; 9:children9040547. [PMID: 35455591 PMCID: PMC9026169 DOI: 10.3390/children9040547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) are expressed in epiphyseal cartilage cells of developing bones and regulate endochondral bone formation with interdependent signaling pathways. Gene mutation in FGFRs disrupts the formation of endochondral bony structure by reducing the number of proliferating chondrocytes. Among the syndromes caused by mutation in the FGFR gene, Pfeiffer syndrome is a rare inherited disease characterized by acrocephalosyndactyly related to hypertelorism, broad pollex, and hallux. We describe the case of a 4-year-old girl with short stature, advanced bone age, wide thumbs and great toes. The patient was diagnosed with partial growth hormone deficiency and an identified mutation in the FGFR2 gene. Standard deviation score of her height increased after starting growth hormone therapy. This report will raise awareness of the growth hormone provocation test regardless of bone age in patients with short stature founded FGFR gene mutation.
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Protein tyrosine phosphatases in skeletal development and diseases. Bone Res 2022; 10:10. [PMID: 35091552 PMCID: PMC8799702 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-021-00181-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal development and homeostasis in mammals are modulated by finely coordinated processes of migration, proliferation, differentiation, and death of skeletogenic cells originating from the mesoderm and neural crest. Numerous molecular mechanisms are involved in these regulatory processes, one of which is protein posttranslational modifications, particularly protein tyrosine phosphorylation (PYP). PYP occurs mainly through the action of protein tyrosine kinases (PTKs), modifying protein enzymatic activity, changing its cellular localization, and aiding in the assembly or disassembly of protein signaling complexes. Under physiological conditions, PYP is balanced by the coordinated action of PTKs and protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPs). Dysregulation of PYP can cause genetic, metabolic, developmental, and oncogenic skeletal diseases. Although PYP is a reversible biochemical process, in contrast to PTKs, little is known about how this equilibrium is modulated by PTPs in the skeletal system. Whole-genome sequencing has revealed a large and diverse superfamily of PTP genes (over 100 members) in humans, which can be further divided into cysteine (Cys)-, aspartic acid (Asp)-, and histidine (His)-based PTPs. Here, we review current knowledge about the functions and regulatory mechanisms of 28 PTPs involved in skeletal development and diseases; 27 of them belong to class I and II Cys-based PTPs, and the other is an Asp-based PTP. Recent progress in analyzing animal models that harbor various mutations in these PTPs and future research directions are also discussed. Our literature review indicates that PTPs are as crucial as PTKs in supporting skeletal development and homeostasis.
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Knaup I, Symmank J, Bastian A, Neuss S, Pufe T, Jacobs C, Wolf M. Impact of FGF1 on human periodontal ligament fibroblast growth, osteogenic differentiation and inflammatory reaction in vitro. J Orofac Orthop 2021; 83:42-55. [PMID: 34874457 DOI: 10.1007/s00056-021-00363-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate in vitro the impact of fibroblast growth factor 1 (FGF1) in comparison to ascorbic acid (AscA) on human periodontal ligament fibroblast (HPdLF) growth, their osteogenic differentiation, and modulation of their inflammatory reaction to mechanical stress. METHODS The influence of different concentrations of FGF1 (12.5-200 ng/mL) on growth and proliferation of HPdLF cells was analyzed over 20 days by counting cell numbers and the percentage of Ki67-positive cells. Quantitative expression analysis of genes encoding the osteogenic markers alkaline phosphatase (ALPL), Runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2), osteocalcin (OCN), and osteopontin (OSP), as well as the fibroblast markers vimentin (VIM) and fibroblast-specific protein 1 (FSP1), was performed after 2 and 20 days of cultivation. Metabolic activity was determined by MTT assay. For comparison with AscA, 50 ng/mL FGF1 was used for stimulation for 2 and 20 days. Cell number, percentage of Ki67-positive cells, and expression of osteoblast- and fibroblast-specific genes were examined. Alkaline phosphatase activity was visualized by NBT/BCIP and calcium deposits were stained with alizarin red. Cytokine (IL‑6, IL‑8, COX2/PGE2) expression and secretion were analyzed by qPCR and ELISA in 6 h mechanically compressed HPdLF cultured for 2 days with FGF1 or ascorbic acid. RESULTS Higher concentrations of FGF1 promoted cell proliferation upon short-term stimulation, whereas prolonged treatment induced the expression of osteogenic markers even with low concentrations. AscA promotes cell growth more markedly than FGF1 in short-term cultures, whereas FGF1 induced osteogenic cell fate more strongly in long-term culture. Both factors induced an increased inflammatory response of HPdLF to mechanical compression. CONCLUSION Our data suggest that FGF1 promotes an osteogenic phenotype of HPdLF and limits inflammatory response to mechanical forces compared to AscA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Knaup
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany.
| | - Judit Symmank
- Department of Orthodontics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Asisa Bastian
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Sabine Neuss
- Helmholtz Institute for Biomedical Engineering, BioInterface Group, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Pathology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Aachen, Germany
| | - Thomas Pufe
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Wendlingweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Collin Jacobs
- Department of Orthodontics, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - Michael Wolf
- Department of Orthodontics, RWTH Aachen University Hospital, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074, Aachen, Germany
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Al-Namnam NM, Jayash SN, Hariri F, Rahman ZAA, Alshawsh MA. Insights and future directions of potential genetic therapy for Apert syndrome: A systematic review. Gene Ther 2021; 28:620-633. [PMID: 33619359 DOI: 10.1038/s41434-021-00238-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Apert syndrome is a genetic disorder characterised by craniosynostosis and structural discrepancy of the craniofacial region as well as the hands and feet. This condition is closely linked with fibroblast growth factor receptor-2 (FGFR2) gene mutations. Gene therapies are progressively being tested in advanced clinical trials, leading to a rise of its potential clinical indications. In recent years, research has made great progress in the gene therapy of craniosynostosis syndromes and several studies have investigated its influences in preventing/diminishing the complications of Apert syndrome. This article reviewed and exhibited different techniques of gene therapy and their influences in Apert syndrome progression. A systematic search was executed using electronic bibliographic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, ScienceDirect, SciFinder and Web of Science for all studies of gene therapy for Apert syndrome. The primary outcomes measurements vary from protein to gene expressions. According to the findings of included studies, we conclude that the gene therapy using FGF in Apert syndrome was critical in the regulation of suture fusion and patency, occurred via alterations in cellular proliferation. The superior outcome could be brought by biological therapies targeting the FGF/FGFR signalling. More studies in molecular genetics in Apert syndrome are recommended. This study reviews the current literature and provides insights to future possibilities of genetic therapy as intervention in Apert syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Soher Nagi Jayash
- School of Dentistry, University of Birmingham, 5 Mill Pool Way, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Firdaus Hariri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Zainal Ariff Abdul Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Tan F, Rui X, Xiang X, Yu Z, Al-Rubeai M. Multimodal treatment combining cold atmospheric plasma and acidic fibroblast growth factor for multi-tissue regeneration. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21442. [PMID: 33774850 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002611r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) is an emerging technology for biomedical applications, exemplified by its antimicrobial and antineoplastic potentials. On the contrary, acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) has been a long-standing potent mitogen for cells from various origins. In this study, we are the first to develop a multimodal treatment combining the aforementioned physicochemical and pharmacological treatments and investigated their individual and combined effects on wound healing, angiogenesis, neurogenesis, and osteogenesis. This work was performed at the tissue, cellular, protein, and gene levels, using histochemical staining, flow cytometry, ELISA, and PCR, respectively. Depending on the type of target tissue, various combinations of aforementioned methods were used. The results showed that the enhancement on would healing and angiogenesis by CAP and aFGF were synergistic. The former was manifested by increased murine fibroblast proliferation and reduced cutaneous tissue inflammation, whereas the latter by upregulated proangiogenic markers in vivo, for example, CD31, VEGF, and TGF-β, and downregulated antiangiogenic proteins in vitro, for example, angiostatin and angiopoietin-2, respectively. In addition, aFGF outperformed CAP during neurogenesis, which was evidenced by superior neurite outgrowth, while CAP exceeded aFGF in osteogenesis which was demonstrated by more substantial bone nodule formation. These novel findings not only support the fact that CAP and aFGF are both multipotent agents during tissue regeneration, but also highlight the potential of our multimodal treatment combining the individual advantages of CAP and aFGF. The versatile administration route, that is, topical and/or systemic, might further broaden its applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tan
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China.,School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,The Royal College of Surgeons of England, London, UK
| | - Xiaoqing Rui
- Department of ORL-HNS, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xue Xiang
- Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Zuoren Yu
- School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.,Research Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mohamed Al-Rubeai
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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Epstein RJ, Tian LJ, Gu YF. 2b or Not 2b: How Opposing FGF Receptor Splice Variants Are Blocking Progress in Precision Oncology. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2021; 2021:9955456. [PMID: 34007277 PMCID: PMC8110382 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9955456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
More than ten thousand peer-reviewed studies have assessed the role of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) in cancer, but few patients have yet benefited from drugs targeting this molecular family. Strategizing how best to use FGFR-targeted drugs is complicated by multiple variables, including RNA splicing events that alter the affinity of ligands for FGFRs and hence change the outcomes of stromal-epithelial interactions. The effects of splicing are most relevant to FGFR2; expression of the FGFR2b splice isoform can restore apoptotic sensitivity to cancer cells, whereas switching to FGFR2c may drive tumor progression by triggering epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The differentiating and regulatory actions of wild-type FGFR2b contrast with the proliferative actions of FGFR1 and FGFR3, and may be converted to mitogenicity either by splice switching or by silencing of tumor suppressor genes such as CDH1 or PTEN. Exclusive use of small-molecule pan-FGFR inhibitors may thus cause nonselective blockade of FGFR2 isoforms with opposing actions, undermining the rationale of FGFR2 drug targeting. This splice-dependent ability of FGFR2 to switch between tumor-suppressing and -driving functions highlights an unmet oncologic need for isoform-specific drug targeting, e.g., by antibody inhibition of ligand-FGFR2c binding, as well as for more nuanced molecular pathology prediction of FGFR2 actions in different stromal-tumor contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J. Epstein
- New Hope Cancer Center, Beijing United Hospital, 9-11 Jiangtai West Rd, Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and UNSW Clinical School, 84 Victoria St, Darlinghurst 2010 Sydney, Australia
| | - Li Jun Tian
- New Hope Cancer Center, Beijing United Hospital, 9-11 Jiangtai West Rd, Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China
| | - Yan Fei Gu
- New Hope Cancer Center, Beijing United Hospital, 9-11 Jiangtai West Rd, Chaoyang, Beijing 100015, China
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11
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Cleary JM, Raghavan S, Wu Q, Li YY, Spurr LF, Gupta HV, Rubinson DA, Fetter IJ, Hornick JL, Nowak JA, Siravegna G, Goyal L, Shi L, Brais LK, Loftus M, Shinagare AB, Abrams TA, Clancy TE, Wang J, Patel AK, Brichory F, Vaslin Chessex A, Sullivan RJ, Keller RB, Denning S, Hill ER, Shapiro GI, Pokorska-Bocci A, Zanna C, Ng K, Schrag D, Janne PA, Hahn WC, Cherniack AD, Corcoran RB, Meyerson M, Daina A, Zoete V, Bardeesy N, Wolpin BM. FGFR2 Extracellular Domain In-Frame Deletions are Therapeutically Targetable Genomic Alterations that Function as Oncogenic Drivers in Cholangiocarcinoma. Cancer Discov 2021; 11:2488-2505. [PMID: 33926920 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-20-1669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We conducted next generation DNA sequencing on 335 biliary tract cancers and characterized the genomic landscape by anatomic site within the biliary tree. In addition to frequent FGFR2 fusions among patients with intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC), we identified FGFR2 extracellular domain in-frame deletions (EIDs) in 5 of 178 (2.8%) patients with IHCC, including two patients with FGFR2 p.H167_N173del. Expression of this FGFR2 EID in NIH3T3 cells resulted in constitutive FGFR2 activation, oncogenic transformation, and sensitivity to FGFR inhibitors. Three patients with FGFR2 EIDs were treated with Debio 1347, an oral FGFR-1/2/3 inhibitor, and all showed partial responses. One patient developed an acquired L618F FGFR2 kinase domain mutation at disease progression and experienced a further partial response for 17 months to an irreversible FGFR2 inhibitor, futibatinib. Together, these findings reveal FGFR2 EIDs as an alternative mechanism of FGFR2 activation in IHCC that predict sensitivity to FGFR inhibitors in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- James M Cleary
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | | | - Yvonne Y Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - Liam F Spurr
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School
| | - Hersh V Gupta
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | | | - Jason L Hornick
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School
| | | | | | - Lipika Goyal
- Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School
| | - Lei Shi
- Center for Cancer Research, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center, Harvard Medical School
| | - Lauren K Brais
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | - Atul B Shinagare
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital/ Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | | | - Jiping Wang
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital
| | - Anuj K Patel
- Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | | | - Ryan J Sullivan
- Center for Melanoma, Massachusetts General Hospital Cancer Center
| | | | | | - Emma R Hill
- Dana-Farber/Brigham and Women's Cancer Center
| | | | | | | | - Kimmie Ng
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | | | - Pasi A Janne
- Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - William C Hahn
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute
| | - Andrew D Cherniack
- Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Harvard Medical School
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Brian M Wolpin
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber/Harvard Cancer Center
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12
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Novais A, Chatzopoulou E, Chaussain C, Gorin C. The Potential of FGF-2 in Craniofacial Bone Tissue Engineering: A Review. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040932. [PMID: 33920587 PMCID: PMC8073160 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a hard-vascularized tissue, which renews itself continuously to adapt to the mechanical and metabolic demands of the body. The craniofacial area is prone to trauma and pathologies that often result in large bone damage, these leading to both aesthetic and functional complications for patients. The "gold standard" for treating these large defects is autologous bone grafting, which has some drawbacks including the requirement for a second surgical site with quantity of bone limitations, pain and other surgical complications. Indeed, tissue engineering combining a biomaterial with the appropriate cells and molecules of interest would allow a new therapeutic approach to treat large bone defects while avoiding complications associated with a second surgical site. This review first outlines the current knowledge of bone remodeling and the different signaling pathways involved seeking to improve our understanding of the roles of each to be able to stimulate or inhibit them. Secondly, it highlights the interesting characteristics of one growth factor in particular, FGF-2, and its role in bone homeostasis, before then analyzing its potential usefulness in craniofacial bone tissue engineering because of its proliferative, pro-angiogenic and pro-osteogenic effects depending on its spatial-temporal use, dose and mode of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Novais
- Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, Université de Paris, URP2496, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (A.N.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
- AP-HP Département d’Odontologie, Services d’odontologie, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Henri Mondor, Paris Nord, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Eirini Chatzopoulou
- Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, Université de Paris, URP2496, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (A.N.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
- AP-HP Département d’Odontologie, Services d’odontologie, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Henri Mondor, Paris Nord, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris, France
- Département de Parodontologie, Université de Paris, UFR Odontologie-Garancière, 75006 Paris, France
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, Université de Paris, URP2496, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (A.N.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
- AP-HP Département d’Odontologie, Services d’odontologie, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Henri Mondor, Paris Nord, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris, France
| | - Caroline Gorin
- Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales, Université de Paris, URP2496, 1 rue Maurice Arnoux, 92120 Montrouge, France; (A.N.); (E.C.); (C.C.)
- AP-HP Département d’Odontologie, Services d’odontologie, GH Pitié Salpêtrière, Henri Mondor, Paris Nord, Hôpital Rothschild, Paris, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel./Fax: +33-(0)1-5807-6724
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13
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Crous A, Abrahamse H. The Signalling Effects of Photobiomodulation on Osteoblast Proliferation, Maturation and Differentiation: A Review. Stem Cell Rev Rep 2021; 17:1570-1589. [PMID: 33686595 DOI: 10.1007/s12015-021-10142-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Proliferation of osteoblasts is essential for maturation and mineralization of bone matrix. Ossification, the natural phase of bone-forming and hardening is a carefully regulated phase where deregulation of this process may result in insufficient or excessive bone mineralization or ectopic calcification. Osteoblasts can also be differentiated into osteocytes, populating short interconnecting passages within the bone matrix. Over the past few decades, we have seen a significant improvement in awareness and techniques using photobiomodulation (PBM) to stimulate cell function. One of the applications of PBM is the promotion of osteoblast proliferation and maturation. PBM research results on osteoblasts showed increased mitochondrial ATP production, increased osteoblast activity and proliferation, increased and pro-osteoblast expression in the presence of red and NIR radiation. Osteocyte differentiation was also accomplished using blue and green light, showing that different light parameters have various signalling effects. The current review addresses osteoblast function and control, a new understanding of PBM on osteoblasts and its therapeutic impact using various parameters to optimize osteoblast function that may be clinically important. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anine Crous
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa.
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Johannesburg, PO Box 17011, Johannesburg, 2028, South Africa
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14
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Targeted Ptpn11 deletion in mice reveals the essential role of SHP2 in osteoblast differentiation and skeletal homeostasis. Bone Res 2021; 9:6. [PMID: 33500396 PMCID: PMC7838289 DOI: 10.1038/s41413-020-00129-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The maturation and function of osteoblasts (OBs) rely heavily on the reversible phosphorylation of signaling proteins. To date, most of the work in OBs has focused on phosphorylation by tyrosyl kinases, but little has been revealed about dephosphorylation by protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTPases). SHP2 (encoded by PTPN11) is a ubiquitously expressed PTPase. PTPN11 mutations are associated with both bone and cartilage manifestations in patients with Noonan syndrome (NS) and metachondromatosis (MC), although the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we report that SHP2 deletion in bone gamma-carboxyglutamate protein-expressing (Bglap+) bone cells leads to massive osteopenia in both trabecular and cortical bones due to the failure of bone cell maturation and enhanced osteoclast activity, and its deletion in Bglap+ chondrocytes results in the onset of enchondroma and osteochondroma in aged mice with increased tubular bone length. Mechanistically, SHP2 was found to be required for osteoblastic differentiation by promoting RUNX2/OSTERIX signaling and for the suppression of osteoclastogenesis by inhibiting STAT3-mediated RANKL production by osteoblasts and osteocytes. These findings are likely to explain the compromised skeletal system in NS and MC patients and to inform the development of novel therapeutics to combat skeletal disorders.
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15
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Miki Y, Yashiro M, Moyano-Galceran L, Sugimoto A, Ohira M, Lehti K. Crosstalk Between Cancer Associated Fibroblasts and Cancer Cells in Scirrhous Type Gastric Cancer. Front Oncol 2020; 10:568557. [PMID: 33178597 PMCID: PMC7596590 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2020.568557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause among all cancer deaths globally. Although the treatment outcome of GC has improved, the survival of patients with GC at stages III and IV remains unsatisfactory. Among several types of GC, scirrhous type GC (SGC) shows highly aggressive growth and invasive activity, leading to frequent peritoneal metastasis. SGC is well known to accompany abundant stromal cells that compose the tumor microenvironment (TME) along with the produced extracellular matrix (ECM) and secreted factors. One of the main stromal components is cancer associated fibroblast (CAF). In the SGC microenvironment, CAFs are a source of various secreted factors, including fibroblast growth factors (FGFs), which mediate prominent tumor-stimulating activity. In turn, cancer cells also secrete numerous factors, which can activate and educate CAFs. Current findings suggest that cancer cells and stromal cells communicate interactively via the soluble factors, the ECM, and likely also by exosomes. In this review, we focus on the soluble factors mediating communication between cancer cells and CAFs in SGC, and consider how they are related to the modulation of TME and the high rate of peritoneal metastasis. At last, we discuss the perspectives on targeting these communication pathways for improved future treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichiro Miki
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan.,Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Masakazu Yashiro
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Lidia Moyano-Galceran
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Atsushi Sugimoto
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masaichi Ohira
- Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kaisa Lehti
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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16
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Ko FC, Sumner DR. How faithfully does intramembranous bone regeneration recapitulate embryonic skeletal development? Dev Dyn 2020; 250:377-392. [PMID: 32813296 DOI: 10.1002/dvdy.240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 07/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Postnatal intramembranous bone regeneration plays an important role during a wide variety of musculoskeletal regeneration processes such as fracture healing, joint replacement and dental implant surgery, distraction osteogenesis, stress fracture healing, and repair of skeletal defects caused by trauma or resection of tumors. The molecular basis of intramembranous bone regeneration has been interrogated using rodent models of most of these conditions. These studies reveal that signaling pathways such as Wnt, TGFβ/BMP, FGF, VEGF, and Notch are invoked, reminiscent of embryonic development of membranous bone. Discoveries of several skeletal stem cell/progenitor populations using mouse genetic models also reveal the potential sources of postnatal intramembranous bone regeneration. The purpose of this review is to compare the underlying molecular signals and progenitor cells that characterize embryonic development of membranous bone and postnatal intramembranous bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank C Ko
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - D Rick Sumner
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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17
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Siismets EM, Hatch NE. Cranial Neural Crest Cells and Their Role in the Pathogenesis of Craniofacial Anomalies and Coronal Craniosynostosis. J Dev Biol 2020; 8:jdb8030018. [PMID: 32916911 PMCID: PMC7558351 DOI: 10.3390/jdb8030018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Craniofacial anomalies are among the most common of birth defects. The pathogenesis of craniofacial anomalies frequently involves defects in the migration, proliferation, and fate of neural crest cells destined for the craniofacial skeleton. Genetic mutations causing deficient cranial neural crest migration and proliferation can result in Treacher Collins syndrome, Pierre Robin sequence, and cleft palate. Defects in post-migratory neural crest cells can result in pre- or post-ossification defects in the developing craniofacial skeleton and craniosynostosis (premature fusion of cranial bones/cranial sutures). The coronal suture is the most frequently fused suture in craniosynostosis syndromes. It exists as a biological boundary between the neural crest-derived frontal bone and paraxial mesoderm-derived parietal bone. The objective of this review is to frame our current understanding of neural crest cells in craniofacial development, craniofacial anomalies, and the pathogenesis of coronal craniosynostosis. We will also discuss novel approaches for advancing our knowledge and developing prevention and/or treatment strategies for craniofacial tissue regeneration and craniosynostosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M. Siismets
- Oral Health Sciences PhD Program, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA;
| | - Nan E. Hatch
- Department of Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1078, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-734-647-6567
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18
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Asparuhova MB, Chappuis V, Stähli A, Buser D, Sculean A. Role of hyaluronan in regulating self-renewal and osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stromal cells and pre-osteoblasts. Clin Oral Investig 2020; 24:3923-3937. [PMID: 32236725 PMCID: PMC7544712 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03259-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of two hyaluronan (HA) formulations on the osteogenic potential of osteoblast precursors. Materials and methods Proliferation rates of HA-treated mesenchymal stromal ST2 and pre-osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells were determined by 5-bromo-20-deoxyuridine (BrdU) assay. Expression of genes encoding osteogenic differentiation markers, critical growth, and stemness factors as well as activation of downstream signaling pathways in the HA-treated cells were analyzed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunoblot techniques. Results The investigated HAs strongly stimulated the growth of the osteoprogenitor lines and enhanced the expression of genes encoding bone matrix proteins. However, expression of late osteogenic differentiation markers was significantly inhibited, accompanied by decreased bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) signaling. The expression of genes encoding transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and fibroblast growth factor-1 (FGF-1) as well as the phosphorylation of the downstream signaling molecules Smad2 and Erk1/2 were enhanced upon HA treatment. We observed significant upregulation of the transcription factor Sox2 and its direct transcription targets and critical stemness genes, Yap1 and Bmi1, in HA-treated cells. Moreover, prominent targets of the canonical Wnt signaling pathway showed reduced expression, whereas inhibitors of the pathway were considerably upregulated. We detected decrease of active β-catenin levels in HA-treated cells due to β-catenin being phosphorylated and, thus, targeted for degradation. Conclusions HA strongly induces the growth of osteoprogenitors and maintains their stemness, thus potentially regulating the balance between self-renewal and differentiation during bone regeneration following reconstructive oral surgeries. Clinical relevance Addition of HA to deficient bone or bony defects during implant or reconstructive periodontal surgeries may be a viable approach for expanding adult stem cells without losing their replicative and differentiation capabilities. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00784-020-03259-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B Asparuhova
- Laboratory of Oral Cell Biology, Dental Research Center, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 3, 3010, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland. .,Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Vivianne Chappuis
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Stähli
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Buser
- Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Anton Sculean
- Department of Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010, Bern, Switzerland
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19
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Izadpanah S, Shabani P, Aghebati-Maleki A, Baghbanzadeh A, Fotouhi A, Bisadi A, Aghebati-Maleki L, Baradaran B. Prospects for the involvement of cancer stem cells in the pathogenesis of osteosarcoma. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:4167-4182. [PMID: 31709547 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is one of the most common bone tumors in children and adolescents that cause a high rate of mortality in this age group and tends to be metastatic, in spite of chemotherapy and surgery. The main reason for this can be returned to a small group of malignant cells called cancer stem cells (CSCs). OS-CSCs play a key role in the resistance to treatment and relapse and metastasis through self-renewal and differentiation abilities. In this review, we intend to go through the different aspects of this malignant disease, including the cancer stem cell-phenotype, methods for isolating CSCs, signaling pathways, and molecular markers in this disease, and drugs showing resistance in treatment efforts of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sama Izadpanah
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Parastoo Shabani
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Amir Baghbanzadeh
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Fotouhi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amir Bisadi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leili Aghebati-Maleki
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Behzad Baradaran
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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20
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Novais A, Lesieur J, Sadoine J, Slimani L, Baroukh B, Saubaméa B, Schmitt A, Vital S, Poliard A, Hélary C, Rochefort GY, Chaussain C, Gorin C. Priming Dental Pulp Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth with Fibroblast Growth Factor-2 Enhances Mineralization Within Tissue-Engineered Constructs Implanted in Craniofacial Bone Defects. Stem Cells Transl Med 2019; 8:844-857. [PMID: 31016898 PMCID: PMC6646701 DOI: 10.1002/sctm.18-0182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The craniofacial area is prone to trauma or pathologies often resulting in large bone damages. One potential treatment option is the grafting of a tissue-engineered construct seeded with adult mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). The dental pulp appears as a relevant source of MSCs, as dental pulp stem cells display strong osteogenic properties and are efficient at bone formation and repair. Fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2) and/or hypoxia primings were shown to boost the angiogenesis potential of dental pulp stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED). Based on these findings, we hypothesized here that these primings would also improve bone formation in the context of craniofacial bone repair. We found that both hypoxic and FGF-2 primings enhanced SHED proliferation and osteogenic differentiation into plastically compressed collagen hydrogels, with a much stronger effect observed with the FGF-2 priming. After implantation in immunodeficient mice, the tissue-engineered constructs seeded with FGF-2 primed SHED mediated faster intramembranous bone formation into critical size calvarial defects than the other groups (no priming and hypoxia priming). The results of this study highlight the interest of FGF-2 priming in tissue engineering for craniofacial bone repair. Stem Cells Translational Medicine 2019;8:844&857.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita Novais
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Julie Lesieur
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Jérémy Sadoine
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Lotfi Slimani
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Brigitte Baroukh
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Bruno Saubaméa
- Cellular and Molecular Imaging FacilityInserm US25, CNRS UMS 3612, Faculté de Pharmacie de Paris, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Alain Schmitt
- Cochin Institute, Transmission Electron Microscopy Platform, INSERM U1016, CNRS UMR8104Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéParisFrance
| | - Sibylle Vital
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Anne Poliard
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Christophe Hélary
- Laboratoire de Chimie de la Matière Condensée de ParisSorbonne Universités, CNRS, Collège de FranceParisFrance
| | - Gaël Y. Rochefort
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
| | - Caroline Gorin
- EA 2496 Pathologies, Imagerie et Biothérapies Orofaciales et Plateforme Imagerie du Vivant (PIV)Dental School, Université Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris CitéMontrougeFrance
- AP‐HP Département d'OdontologieHôpitaux Universitaires PNVS, Charles Foix et Henri MondorIle de FranceFrance
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21
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Szczurkowska J, Pischedda F, Pinto B, Managò F, Haas CA, Summa M, Bertorelli R, Papaleo F, Schäfer MK, Piccoli G, Cancedda L. NEGR1 and FGFR2 cooperatively regulate cortical development and core behaviours related to autism disorders in mice. Brain 2019; 141:2772-2794. [PMID: 30059965 PMCID: PMC6113639 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awy190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental conditions with diverse aetiologies, all characterized by common core symptoms such as impaired social skills and communication, as well as repetitive behaviour. Cell adhesion molecules, receptor tyrosine kinases and associated downstream signalling have been strongly implicated in both neurodevelopment and autism spectrum disorders. We found that downregulation of the cell adhesion molecule NEGR1 or the receptor tyrosine kinase fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) similarly affects neuronal migration and spine density during mouse cortical development in vivo and results in impaired core behaviours related to autism spectrum disorders. Mechanistically, NEGR1 physically interacts with FGFR2 and modulates FGFR2-dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and protein kinase B (AKT) signalling by decreasing FGFR2 degradation from the plasma membrane. Accordingly, FGFR2 overexpression rescues all defects due to Negr1 knockdown in vivo. Negr1 knockout mice present phenotypes similar to Negr1-downregulated animals. These data indicate that NEGR1 and FGFR2 cooperatively regulate cortical development and suggest a role for defective NEGR1-FGFR2 complex and convergent downstream ERK and AKT signalling in autism spectrum disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Szczurkowska
- Local Micro-environment and Brain Development Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Genova, Via Balbi, 5, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesca Pischedda
- Laboratory of Biology of Synapse. Center for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy
| | - Bruno Pinto
- Local Micro-environment and Brain Development Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy.,Bio@SNS, Scuola Normale Superiore, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesca Managò
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carola A Haas
- Experimental Epilepsy Research, Department of Neurosurgery, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maria Summa
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosalia Bertorelli
- Department of Drug Discovery and Development, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Papaleo
- Genetics of Cognition Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michael K Schäfer
- Department of Anesthesiology and Focus Program Translational Neurosciences, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Germany
| | - Giovanni Piccoli
- Laboratory of Biology of Synapse. Center for Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Trento, Italy.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Varese Street 16b - 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Laura Cancedda
- Local Micro-environment and Brain Development Laboratory, Italian Institute of Technology, Genoa, Italy.,Dulbecco Telethon Institute, Varese Street 16b - 00185 Rome, Italy
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22
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The association of genetic variants in FGFR2 with osteoporosis susceptibility in Chinese Han population. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20190275. [PMID: 31113874 PMCID: PMC6549083 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20190275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2019] [Revised: 04/19/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: The present study was conducted for exploring the influence of fibroblast growth factor 2 receptor (FGFR2) gene polymorphisms on osteoporosis occurrence risk in the Chinese population. Methods: Polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR–RFLP) was conducted for the genotyping of polymorphism in 145 osteoporosis patients and 123 controls. The status of Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium was detected in the control group. Genotype and allele frequency comparison of polymorphism between the two groups was performed by χ2 test, odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95% CI) was used for the result expression about the association of FGFR2 polymorphisms with osteoporosis. Furthermore, the results were adjusted by clinical features via logistic regression analysis. Results: AA genotype and A allele of rs2420946 were significantly associated with the increased risk of osteoporosis development adjusted by clinical features (OR = 2.238, 95% CI = 1.055–4.746; OR = 1.482, 95% CI = 1.042–2.019). Similarly, CC genotype and C allele frequencies of rs1219648 were detected the significant difference between the case and control groups (P<0.01); moreover, it was still significant by the adjustion of clinical features, which indicated that rs1219648 was significantly associated with the risk of osteoporosis occurrence (OR = 2.900, 95% CI = 1.341–6.271; OR = 1.602, 95% CI = 1.126–2.279). Haplotype T-A-C-T also obviously increased the occurrence risk of osteoporosis (OR = 1.844, 95% CI = 1.180–2.884). Besides, the significant interaction of FGFR2 polymorphisms with drinking status in osteoporosis was also found (P<0.05), especially rs2981579. Conclusion:FGFR2 rs2420946 and rs1219648 polymorphisms may be the risk factor of osteoporosis in Chinese population. Furthermore, the interaction of FGFR2 polymorphisms with drinking may play an important role in osteoporosis etiology.
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23
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Maximov VV, Akkawi R, Khawaled S, Salah Z, Jaber L, Barhoum A, Or O, Galasso M, Kurek KC, Yavin E, Aqeilan RI. MiR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p possess strong tumor suppressive and antimetastatic properties in osteosarcoma. Int J Cancer 2019; 145:3052-3063. [PMID: 31018244 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive malignancy affecting mostly children and adolescents. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play important roles in OS development and progression. Here we found that miR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p "passenger" strands, as well as the "lead" miR-16-5p strand, are frequently downregulated and possess strong tumor suppressive functions in human OS. Furthermore, we report different although strongly overlapping functions for miR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p in OS cells. Ectopic expression of these miRNAs affected primary tumor growth, metastasis seeding and chemoresistance and invasiveness of human OS cells. Loss-of-function experiments verified tumor suppressive functions of these miRNAs at endogenous levels of expression. Using RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays, we identify direct targets of miR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p in OS cells. Moreover, validation experiments identified FGFR2 as a direct target for miR-16-1-3p and miR-16-2-3p. Overall, our findings underscore the importance of passenger strand miRNAs, at least some, in osteosarcomagenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadim V Maximov
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rania Akkawi
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Saleh Khawaled
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Zaidoun Salah
- Al Quds-Bard College, Al-Quds University, Al-Bireh, East Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Lina Jaber
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ahlam Barhoum
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Omer Or
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, Hebrew University Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Marco Galasso
- Biosystems Analysis, LTTA, Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, Università degli Studi, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Kyle C Kurek
- Department of Pathology and Medical Genetics Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital & Research Institute, Calgary, AB, Canada
| | - Eylon Yavin
- The Institute for Drug Research, The School of Pharmacy, The Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Rami I Aqeilan
- The Lautenberg Center for General and Tumor Immunology, Department of Immunology and Cancer Research-IMRIC, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School at Ein-Kerem, Jerusalem, Israel.,Department of Cancer Biology & Genetics, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH
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24
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Córdova-Fletes C, Arámbula-Meraz E, Zarazúa-Niño AI, Madueña-Molina J, Sáinz-Barraza ME, González-García JR, León-León C, López-López G, Lugo-Guzmán EG, Picos-Cárdenas VJ. Familial 3-Way Balanced Translocation Causes 1q43→qter Loss and 10q25.2→qter Gain in a Severely Affected Male Toddler. Cytogenet Genome Res 2019; 157:231-238. [PMID: 30933949 DOI: 10.1159/000498998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Constitutional complex chromosomal rearrangements (CCRs) are rare events that typically involve 2 or more chromosomes with at least 3 breakpoints and can result in normal or abnormal phenotypes depending on whether they disturb the euchromatic neighborhood. Here, we report an unusual balanced CCR involving chromosomes 1, 9, and 10 that causes an unbalanced karyotype in a severely affected toddler. The CCR was initially reported as a maternal 2-way translocation but was reclassified as a 3-way translocation after a microarray analysis of the propositus revealed the involvement of another chromosome not identified by G-banding in his phenotypically normal mother. FISH assays on maternal metaphase cells confirmed that the 1qter region of der(1) was translocated to der(10), whereas the 10qter segment was translocated to der(9), which in turn donated a segment to der(1). Subsequently, this CCR was also identified in her phenotypically normal father (the patient's grandfather). Thus, the patient inherited the previously unreported pathogenic combination of der(1) with a loss of 1q43→qter (including AKT3, ZBTB18, HNRNPU, and SMYD3) and der(9) with a gain of 10q25.2→qter (including FGFR2), leading to a compound phenotype with key features of the 1q43→qter deletion and distal 10q trisomy syndromes. Our observations suggest that the loss of SMYD3 accounts for cardiac defects in a subset of patients. Moreover, due to recurrent miscarriages in this family, our findings allowed improved genetic counseling.
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MESH Headings
- Abnormalities, Multiple/diagnostic imaging
- Abnormalities, Multiple/genetics
- Child, Preschool
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10/genetics
- Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9/genetics
- Comparative Genomic Hybridization
- Genetic Counseling
- Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics
- Humans
- In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence/methods
- Male
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Translocation, Genetic
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25
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Kusuyama J, Amir MS, Albertson BG, Bandow K, Ohnishi T, Nakamura T, Noguchi K, Shima K, Semba I, Matsuguchi T. JNK inactivation suppresses osteogenic differentiation, but robustly induces osteopontin expression in osteoblasts through the induction of inhibitor of DNA binding 4 (Id4). FASEB J 2019; 33:7331-7347. [PMID: 30884976 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201802465r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Osteoblasts are versatile cells involved in multiple whole-body processes, including bone formation and immune response. Secretory amounts and patterns of osteoblast-derived proteins such as osteopontin (OPN) and osteocalcin (OCN) modulate osteoblast function. However, the regulatory mechanism of OPN and OCN expression remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that p54/p46 c-jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibition suppresses matrix mineralization and OCN expression but increases OPN expression in MC3T3-E1 cells and primary osteoblasts treated with differentiation inducers, including ascorbic acid, bone morphogenic protein-2, or fibroblast growth factor 2. Preinhibition of JNK before the onset of differentiation increased the number of osteoblasts that highly express OPN but not OCN (OPN-OBs), indicating that JNK affects OPN secretory phenotype at the early stage of osteogenic differentiation. Additionally, we identified JNK2 isoform as being critically involved in OPN-OB differentiation. Microarray analysis revealed that OPN-OBs express characteristic transcription factors, cell surface markers, and cytokines, including glycoprotein hormone α2 and endothelial cell-specific molecule 1. Moreover, we found that inhibitor of DNA binding 4 is an important regulator of OPN-OB differentiation and that dual-specificity phosphatase 16, a JNK-specific phosphatase, functions as an endogenous regulator of OPN-OB induction. OPN-OB phenotype was also observed following LPS from Porphyromonas gingivalis stimulation during osteogenic differentiation. Collectively, these results suggest that the JNK-Id4 signaling axis is crucial in the control of OPN and OCN expression during osteoblastic differentiation.-Kusuyama, J., Amir, M. S., Albertson, B. G., Bandow, K., Ohnishi, T., Nakamura, T., Noguchi, K., Shima, K., Semba, I., Matsuguchi, T. JNK inactivation suppresses osteogenic differentiation, but robustly induces osteopontin expression in osteoblasts through the induction of inhibitor of DNA binding 4 (Id4).
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Affiliation(s)
- Joji Kusuyama
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Medicine, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Muhammad Subhan Amir
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
| | - Brent G Albertson
- Department of Medicine, Section on Integrative Physiology and Metabolism, Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kenjiro Bandow
- Department of Oral Biology and Tissue Engineering, Meikai University School of Dentistry, Saitama, Japan; and
| | - Tomokazu Ohnishi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Nakamura
- Department of Periodontology, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Noguchi
- Department of Periodontology, Field of Oral and Maxillofacial Rehabilitation, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kaori Shima
- Department of Oral Pathology, Field of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Ichiro Semba
- Department of Oral Pathology, Field of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Matsuguchi
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Field of Developmental Medicine, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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26
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Abstract
Deviations from the precisely coordinated programme of human head development can lead to craniofacial and orofacial malformations often including a variety of dental abnormalities too. Although the aetiology is still unknown in many cases, during the last decades different intracellular signalling pathways have been genetically linked to specific disorders. Among these pathways, the RAS/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling cascade is the focus of this review since it encompasses a large group of genes that when mutated cause some of the most common and severe developmental anomalies in humans. We present the components of the RAS/ERK pathway implicated in craniofacial and orodental disorders through a series of human and animal studies. We attempt to unravel the specific molecular targets downstream of ERK that act on particular cell types and regulate key steps in the associated developmental processes. Finally we point to ambiguities in our current knowledge that need to be clarified before RAS/ERK-targeting therapeutic approaches can be implemented.
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27
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Chadaeva I, Ponomarenko P, Rasskazov D, Sharypova E, Kashina E, Kleshchev M, Ponomarenko M, Naumenko V, Savinkova L, Kolchanov N, Osadchuk L, Osadchuk A. Natural Selection Equally Supports the Human Tendencies in Subordination and Domination: A Genome-Wide Study With in silico Confirmation and in vivo Validation in Mice. Front Genet 2019; 10:73. [PMID: 30873204 PMCID: PMC6404730 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We proposed the following heuristic decision-making rule: "IF {an excess of a protein relating to the nervous system is an experimentally known physiological marker of low pain sensitivity, fast postinjury recovery, or aggressive, risk/novelty-seeking, anesthetic-like, or similar agonistic-intolerant behavior} AND IF {a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) causes overexpression of the gene encoding this protein} THEN {this SNP can be a SNP marker of the tendency in dominance} WHILE {underexpression corresponds to subordination} AND vice versa." Using this decision-making rule, we analyzed 231 human genes of neuropeptidergic, non-neuropeptidergic, and neurotrophinergic systems that encode neurotrophic and growth factors, interleukins, neurotransmitters, receptors, transporters, and enzymes. These proteins are known as key factors of human social behavior. We analyzed all the 5,052 SNPs within the 70 bp promoter region upstream of the position where the protein-coding transcript starts, which were retrieved from databases Ensembl and dbSNP using our previously created public Web service SNP_TATA_Comparator (http://beehive.bionet.nsc.ru/cgi-bin/mgs/tatascan/start.pl). This definition of the promoter region includes all TATA-binding protein (TBP)-binding sites. A total of 556 and 552 candidate SNP markers contributing to the dominance and the subordination, respectively, were uncovered. On this basis, we determined that 231 human genes under study are subject to natural selection against underexpression (significance p < 0.0005), which equally supports the human tendencies in domination and subordination such as the norm of a reaction (plasticity) of the human social hierarchy. These findings explain vertical transmission of domination and subordination traits previously observed in rodent models. Thus, the results of this study equally support both sides of the century-old unsettled scientific debate on whether both aggressiveness and the social hierarchy among humans are inherited (as suggested by Freud and Lorenz) or are due to non-genetic social education, when the children are influenced by older individuals across generations (as proposed by Berkowitz and Fromm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Chadaeva
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | | | | | | | - Maxim Kleshchev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Mikhail Ponomarenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Vladimir Naumenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Nikolay Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ludmila Osadchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Alexandr Osadchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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28
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Yokoi M, Kuremoto KI, Okada S, Sasaki M, Tsuga K. Effect of attenuation of fibroblast growth factor receptor 2b signaling on odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. In Vitro Cell Dev Biol Anim 2019; 55:211-219. [DOI: 10.1007/s11626-019-00323-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2018] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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Shin Y, Won Y, Yang JI, Chun JS. CYTL1 regulates bone homeostasis in mice by modulating osteogenesis of mesenchymal stem cells and osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Cell Death Dis 2019; 10:47. [PMID: 30718470 PMCID: PMC6362050 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-1284-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Revised: 11/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
We previously showed that mice with knockout of Cytl1, a functionally uncharacterized cytokine candidate, exhibit normal endochondral ossification and long-bone development. Here, we investigated the potential functions of CYTL1 in bone homeostasis. We found that Cytl1−/− mice exhibited higher bone mass than wild-type littermates and resisted ovariectomy-induced bone resorption. This led us to investigate the functions of CYTL1 in the osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived stem cells. CYTL1 was down-regulated during the osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). The osteogenesis of hMSCs was inhibited by overexpression or exogenous treatment of CYTL1, but enhanced by CYTL1 knockdown. CYTL1 decreased osteogenesis by inhibiting RUNX2 and promoted proliferation among undifferentiated hMSCs, but stimulated apoptosis among osteogenically differentiating cells. Finally, Cytl1−/− mice exhibited inhibition of osteoclast activity and the osteoclastogenesis of bone marrow-derived macrophages. Our results collectively suggest that CYTL1 negatively regulates the osteogenesis of MSCs and positively regulates osteoclastogenesis to modulate bone mass in mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngnim Shin
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Yoonkyung Won
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Jeong-In Yang
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea
| | - Jang-Soo Chun
- National Creative Research Initiatives Center for Osteoarthritis Pathogenesis and School of Life Sciences, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Korea.
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30
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Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) and their receptors (FGFRs) are expressed throughout all stages of skeletal development. In the limb bud and in cranial mesenchyme, FGF signaling is important for formation of mesenchymal condensations that give rise to bone. Once skeletal elements are initiated and patterned, FGFs regulate both endochondral and intramembranous ossification programs. In this chapter, we review functions of the FGF signaling pathway during these critical stages of skeletogenesis, and explore skeletal malformations in humans that are caused by mutations in FGF signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Ornitz
- Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, United States.
| | - Pierre J Marie
- UMR-1132 Inserm (Institut national de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale) and University Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, Hôpital Lariboisière, Paris, France
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31
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Taale M, Schütt F, Zheng K, Mishra YK, Boccaccini AR, Adelung R, Selhuber-Unkel C. Bioactive Carbon-Based Hybrid 3D Scaffolds for Osteoblast Growth. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:43874-43886. [PMID: 30395704 PMCID: PMC6302313 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b13631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Bone, nerve, and heart tissue engineering place high demands on the conductivity of three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds. Fibrous carbon-based scaffolds are excellent material candidates to fulfill these requirements. Here, we show that highly porous (up to 94%) hybrid 3D framework structures with hierarchical architecture, consisting of microfiber composites of self-entangled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and bioactive nanoparticles are highly suitable for growing cells. The hybrid 3D structures are fabricated by infiltrating a combination of CNTs and bioactive materials into a porous (∼94%) zinc oxide (ZnO) sacrificial template, followed by the removal of the ZnO backbone via a H2 thermal reduction process. Simultaneously, the bioactive nanoparticles are sintered. In this way, conductive and mechanically stable 3D composites of free-standing CNT-based microfibers and bioactive nanoparticles are formed. The adopted strategy demonstrates great potential for implementing low-dimensional bioactive materials, such as hydroxyapatite (HA) and bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGN), into 3D carbon-based microfibrous networks. It is demonstrated that the incorporation of HA nanoparticles and BGN promotes the biomineralization ability and the protein adsorption capacity of the scaffolds significantly, as well as fibroblast and osteoblast adhesion. These results demonstrate that the developed carbon-based bioactive scaffolds are promising materials for bone tissue engineering and related applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammadreza Taale
- Biocompatible
Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science and Functional Nanomaterials, Institute
for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Fabian Schütt
- Biocompatible
Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science and Functional Nanomaterials, Institute
for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Kai Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yogendra Kumar Mishra
- Biocompatible
Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science and Functional Nanomaterials, Institute
for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Cauerstr. 6, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Rainer Adelung
- Biocompatible
Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science and Functional Nanomaterials, Institute
for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
| | - Christine Selhuber-Unkel
- Biocompatible
Nanomaterials, Institute for Materials Science and Functional Nanomaterials, Institute
for Materials Science, Kiel University, Kaiserstr. 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany
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32
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Lee KKL, Peskett E, Quinn CM, Aiello R, Adeeva L, Moulding DA, Stanier P, Pauws E. Overexpression of Fgfr2c causes craniofacial bone hypoplasia and ameliorates craniosynostosis in the Crouzon mouse. Dis Model Mech 2018; 11:dmm035311. [PMID: 30266836 PMCID: PMC6262810 DOI: 10.1242/dmm.035311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
FGFR2c regulates many aspects of craniofacial and skeletal development. Mutations in the FGFR2 gene are causative of multiple forms of syndromic craniosynostosis, including Crouzon syndrome. Paradoxically, mouse studies have shown that the activation (Fgfr2cC342Y; a mouse model for human Crouzon syndrome), as well as the removal (Fgfr2cnull), of the FGFR2c isoform can drive suture abolishment. This study aims to address the downstream effects of pathogenic FGFR2c signalling by studying the effects of Fgfr2c overexpression. Conditional overexpression of Fgfr2c (R26RFgfr2c;βact) results in craniofacial hypoplasia as well as microtia and cleft palate. Contrary to Fgfr2cnull and Fgfr2cC342Y, Fgfr2c overexpression is insufficient to drive onset of craniosynostosis. Examination of the MAPK/ERK pathway in the embryonic sutures of Fgfr2cC342Y and R26RFgfr2c;βact mice reveals that both mutants have increased pERK expression. The contrasting phenotypes between Fgfr2cC342Y and R26RFgfr2c;βact mice prompted us to assess the impact of the Fgfr2c overexpression allele on the Crouzon mouse (Fgfr2cC342Y), in particular its effects on the coronal suture. Our results demonstrate that Fgfr2c overexpression is sufficient to partially rescue craniosynostosis through increased proliferation and reduced osteogenic activity in E18.5 Fgfr2cC342Y embryos. This study demonstrates the intricate balance of FGF signalling required for correct calvarial bone and suture morphogenesis, and that increasing the expression of the wild-type FGFR2c isoform could be a way to prevent or delay craniosynostosis progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin K L Lee
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Emma Peskett
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Charlotte M Quinn
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Rosanna Aiello
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Liliya Adeeva
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Dale A Moulding
- ICH GOSH Light Microscopy Core Facility, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Philip Stanier
- Genetics and Genomic Medicine Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Erwin Pauws
- Developmental Biology and Cancer Programme, UCL Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK
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Cai T, Wu B, Tang X, Zhou Z, Yang J, Ke R, Mu X. iTRAQ-Based Proteomic Analysis reveals possible target-related proteins and signal networks in human osteoblasts overexpressing FGFR2. Proteome Sci 2018; 16:12. [PMID: 29950929 PMCID: PMC6011184 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-018-0140-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Accepted: 05/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) play a vital role in skeletogenesis. However, the molecular mechanisms triggered by FGFR2 in osteoblasts are still not fully understood. In this study, proteomics and bioinformatics analysis were performed to investigate changes in the protein profiles regulated by FGFR2, with the goal of characterizing the molecular mechanisms of FGFR2 function in osteoblasts. Methods In this study, FGFR2-overexpression cell line was established using the lentivirus-packaging vector in human osteoblasts (hFOB1.19). Next, the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) in combination with the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was used to compare the proteomic changes between control and FGFR2-overexpression cells. Thresholds (fold-change of ≥ 1.5 and a P-value of < 0.05) were selected to determine differentially expressed proteins (DEPs). The bioinformatics analysis including GO and pathway analysis were done to identify the key pathways underlying the molecular mechanism. Results A Total of 149 DEPs was identified. The DEPs mainly located within organelles and involved in protein binding and extracellular regulation of signal transduction. ColI, TNC, FN1 and CDKN1A were strikingly downregulated while UBE2E3, ADNP2 and HSP70 were significantly upregulated in FGFR2-overexpression cells. KEEG analysis suggested the key pathways included cell death, PI3K-Akt signaling, focal adhesion and cell cycle. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first protomic research to investigate alterations in protein levels and affected pathways in FGFR2-overexpression osteoblasts. Thus, this study not only provides a comprehensive dataset on overall protein changes regulated by FGFR2, but also shed light on its potential molecular mechanism in human osteoblasts. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12953-018-0140-x) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Cai
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, No. 12, Wu Lu Mu Qi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Baojin Wu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, No. 12, Wu Lu Mu Qi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Xinjie Tang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, No. 12, Wu Lu Mu Qi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Zhaoping Zhou
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, No. 12, Wu Lu Mu Qi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Junyi Yang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, No. 12, Wu Lu Mu Qi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Ronghu Ke
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, No. 12, Wu Lu Mu Qi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040 China
| | - Xiongzheng Mu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University School of Medicine, No. 12, Wu Lu Mu Qi Road (M), Shanghai, 200040 China
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Minamizaki T, Konishi Y, Sakurai K, Yoshioka H, Aubin JE, Kozai K, Yoshiko Y. Soluble Klotho causes hypomineralization in Klotho-deficient mice. J Endocrinol 2018; 237:285-300. [PMID: 29632215 DOI: 10.1530/joe-17-0683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Accepted: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The type I transmembrane protein αKlotho (Klotho) serves as a coreceptor for the phosphaturic hormone fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) in kidney, while a truncated form of Klotho (soluble Klotho, sKL) is thought to exhibit multiple activities, including acting as a hormone, but whose mode(s) of action in different organ systems remains to be fully elucidated. FGF23 is expressed primarily in osteoblasts/osteocytes and aberrantly high levels in the circulation acting via signaling through an FGF receptor (FGFR)-Klotho coreceptor complex cause renal phosphate wasting and osteomalacia. We assessed the effects of exogenously added sKL on osteoblasts and bone using Klotho-deficient (kl/kl) mice and cell and organ cultures. sKL induced FGF23 signaling in bone and exacerbated the hypomineralization without exacerbating the hyperphosphatemia, hypercalcemia and hypervitaminosis D in kl/kl mice. The same effects were seen in rodent bone models in vitro, in which we also detected formation of a sKL complex with FGF23-FGFR and decreased Phex (gene responsible for X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH)/osteomalacia) expression. Further, sKL-FGF23-dependent hypomineralization in vitro was rescued by soluble PHEX. These data suggest that exogenously added sKL directly participates in FGF23 signaling in bone and that PHEX is a downstream effector of the sKL-FGF23-FGFR axis in bone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Minamizaki
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yukiko Konishi
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kaoru Sakurai
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hirotaka Yoshioka
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Jane E Aubin
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Toronto, Canada
| | - Katsuyuki Kozai
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yuji Yoshiko
- Department of Calcified Tissue Biology, School of Dentistry, Hiroshima University Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima, Japan
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Fan J, Li Y, Jia R, Fan X. An inherited FGFR2 mutation increased osteogenesis gene expression and result in Crouzon syndrome. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2018; 19:91. [PMID: 29848297 PMCID: PMC5975660 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-018-0607-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Background FGFR2 encodes a fibroblast growth factor receptor whose mutations are responsible for the Crouzon syndrome, involving craniosynostosis and facial dysostosis with shallow orbits. However, few reports are available quantifying the orbital volume of Crouzon syndrome and there was little direct evidence to show FGFR2 mutation actually influencing orbital morphology. Methods Ten Crouzon syndrome patients underwent a standard ophthalmologic assessment. Morphology study was carried out based on 3-dimensional computed tomography scan to calculate orbital volume. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of the patients and genomic screening of FGFR2. A three-dimensional computer model was used to analyse the structural positioning of the mutation site that was predicted possible impact on functional of FGFR2 protein. Real-time PCR was performed to analyse the expression of bone maker gene. Results We describe a FGFR2 mutation (p.G338R, c.1012G > C) in a Chinese family with Crouzon syndrome. Computational analysis showed the mutate protein obviously changes in the local spatial structure compared with wild-type FGFR2. The expression of osteocalcin and alkaline phosphatase two osteoblast specific genes significantly increased in orbital bone directly from patient compared to normal individual, which may lead to facial dysostosis. This is compatible with the shallow and round orbits in our Crouzon syndrome patient. Conclusions Our study further identified G338R FGFR2 mutation (c1012G > C) lead to inherited Crouzon syndrome. Thus, early intervention, both medically and surgically, as well as disciplined by a multiple interdisciplinary teams are crucial to the management of this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayan Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yinwei Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Renbing Jia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
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Kumar D, New J, Vishwakarma V, Joshi R, Enders J, Lin F, Dasari S, Gutierrez WR, Leef G, Ponnurangam S, Chavan H, Ganaden L, Thornton MM, Dai H, Tawfik O, Straub J, Shnayder Y, Kakarala K, Tsue TT, Girod DA, Van Houten B, Anant S, Krishnamurthy P, Thomas SM. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Drive Glycolysis in a Targetable Signaling Loop Implicated in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma Progression. Cancer Res 2018; 78:3769-3782. [PMID: 29769197 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-17-1076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 12/13/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Despite aggressive therapies, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is associated with a less than 50% 5-year survival rate. Late-stage HNSCC frequently consists of up to 80% cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). We previously reported that CAF-secreted HGF facilitates HNSCC progression; however, very little is known about the role of CAFs in HNSCC metabolism. Here, we demonstrate that CAF-secreted HGF increases extracellular lactate levels in HNSCC via upregulation of glycolysis. CAF-secreted HGF induced basic FGF (bFGF) secretion from HNSCC. CAFs were more efficient than HNSCC in using lactate as a carbon source. HNSCC-secreted bFGF increased mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation and HGF secretion from CAFs. Combined inhibition of c-Met and FGFR significantly inhibited CAF-induced HNSCC growth in vitro and in vivo (P < 0.001). Our cumulative findings underscore reciprocal signaling between CAF and HNSCC involving bFGF and HGF. This contributes to metabolic symbiosis and a targetable therapeutic axis involving c-Met and FGFR.Significance: HNSCC cancer cells and CAFs have a metabolic relationship where CAFs secrete HGF to induce a glycolytic switch in HNSCC cells and HNSCC cells secrete bFGF to promote lactate consumption by CAFs. Cancer Res; 78(14); 3769-82. ©2018 AACR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhruv Kumar
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jacob New
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Vikalp Vishwakarma
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Radhika Joshi
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jonathan Enders
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Fangchen Lin
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Sumana Dasari
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Wade R Gutierrez
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - George Leef
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Hemantkumar Chavan
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Lydia Ganaden
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Mackenzie M Thornton
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Hongying Dai
- Health Services & Outcomes Research, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri
| | - Ossama Tawfik
- Department of Pathology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Jeffrey Straub
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Yelizaveta Shnayder
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Kiran Kakarala
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Terance Ted Tsue
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Douglas A Girod
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Bennett Van Houten
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Shrikant Anant
- Department of Surgery, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Partha Krishnamurthy
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology & Therapeutics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
| | - Sufi Mary Thomas
- Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas. .,Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas.,Department of Cancer Biology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, Kansas
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Brunner M, Mandier N, Gautier T, Chevalier G, Ribba AS, Guardiola P, Block MR, Bouvard D. β1 integrins mediate the BMP2 dependent transcriptional control of osteoblast differentiation and osteogenesis. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0196021. [PMID: 29677202 PMCID: PMC5909894 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0196021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoblast differentiation is a highly regulated process that requires coordinated information from both soluble factors and the extracellular matrix. Among these extracellular stimuli, chemical and physical properties of the matrix are sensed through cell surface receptors such as integrins and transmitted into the nucleus to drive specific gene expression. Here, we showed that the conditional deletion of β1 integrins in the osteo-precursor population severely impacts bone formation and homeostasis both in vivo and in vitro. Mutant mice displayed a severe bone deficit characterized by bone fragility and reduced bone mass. We showed that β1 integrins are required for proper BMP2 dependent signaling at the pre-osteoblastic stage, by positively modulating Smad1/5-dependent transcriptional activity at the nuclear level. The lack of β1 integrins results in a transcription modulation that relies on a cooperative defect with other transcription factors rather than a plain blunted BMP2 response. Our results point to a nuclear modulation of Smad1/5 transcriptional activity by β1 integrins, allowing a tight control of osteoblast differentiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Molly Brunner
- Centre de Recherche INSERM 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Bioscience; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Noémie Mandier
- Centre de Recherche INSERM 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Bioscience; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Thierry Gautier
- Centre de Recherche INSERM 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Bioscience; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Genevieve Chevalier
- Centre de Recherche INSERM 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Bioscience; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Ribba
- Centre de Recherche INSERM 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Bioscience; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Philippe Guardiola
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire and University of Angers, SNP Plateform, Institute for Biological Health, Transcriptome and Epigenomic, Angers, France
| | - Marc R. Block
- Centre de Recherche INSERM 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Bioscience; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Daniel Bouvard
- Centre de Recherche INSERM 1209, CNRS 5309, Institute for Advanced Bioscience; Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
- * E-mail:
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Xu W, Luo F, Wang Q, Tan Q, Huang J, Zhou S, Wang Z, Sun X, Kuang L, Jin M, Su N, Jiang W, Chen L, Qi H, Zhu Y, Chen B, Chen H, Chen S, Gao Y, Xu X, Deng C, Chen L, Xie Y, Du X. Inducible Activation of FGFR2 in Adult Mice Promotes Bone Formation After Bone Marrow Ablation. J Bone Miner Res 2017. [PMID: 28650109 DOI: 10.1002/jbmr.3204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Apert syndrome is one of the most severe craniosynostoses, resulting from gain-of-function mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2). Previous studies have shown that gain-of-function mutations of FGFR2 (S252W or P253R) cause skull malformation of human Apert syndrome by affecting both chondrogenesis and osteogenesis, underscoring the key role of FGFR2 in bone development. However, the effects of FGFR2 on bone formation at the adult stage have not been fully investigated. To investigate the role of FGFR2 in bone formation, we generated mice with tamoxifen-inducible expression of mutant FGFR2 (P253R) at the adult stage. Mechanical bone marrow ablation (BMX) was performed in both wild-type and Fgfr2 mutant (MT) mice. Changes in newly formed trabecular bone were assessed by micro-computed tomography and bone histomorphometry. We found that MT mice exhibited increased trabecular bone formation and decreased bone resorption after BMX accompanied with a remarkable increase in bone marrow stromal cell recruitment and proliferation, osteoblast proliferation and differentiation, and enhanced Wnt/β-catenin activity. Furthermore, pharmacologically inhibiting Wnt/β-catenin signaling can partially reverse the increased trabecular bone formation and decreased bone resorption in MT mice after BMX. Our data demonstrate that gain-of-function mutation in FGFR2 exerts a Wnt/β-catenin-dependent anabolic effect on trabecular bone by promoting bone formation and inhibiting bone resorption at the adult stage. © 2017 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fengtao Luo
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Quan Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qiaoyan Tan
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Junlan Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Siru Zhou
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zuqiang Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xianding Sun
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Kuang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Jin
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Nan Su
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wanling Jiang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Huabing Qi
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hangang Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuai Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaoling Xu
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Chuxia Deng
- Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Macau, Macau SAR, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yangli Xie
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiaolan Du
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Center of Bone Metabolism and Repair, State Key Laboratory of Trauma, Burns and Combined Injury, Trauma Center, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Wang M, Zhang C, Huang C, Cheng S, He N, Wang Y, Ahmed MF, Zhao R, Jin J, Zuo Q, Zhang Y, Li B. Regulation of fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) in chicken embryonic stem cells differentiation into spermatogonial stem cells. J Cell Biochem 2017; 119:2396-2407. [PMID: 28898437 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.26402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) are essential in regulating the formation of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs). Here, we explored the effect of FGF8 on chicken SSCs formation by knockdown or overexpression of FGF8 in chicken embryonic stem cells (ESCs) both in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that knockdown of FGF8 could facilitate the differentiation of ESCs into SSCs, overexpression of FGF8 could promote PGCs self-renewal, inhibit SSCs formation. This study further revealed the positive correlation between the expression level of FGF8 and MAPK/ERK signal. In the absence of FGF8, the expression of downstream genes such as FGFR2, GRB2, RAS, BRAF, RAF1, and MEK2 was not maintained, while overexpressing FGF8 enhances them. Thus, our study demonstrated that FGF8 can regulate germ cell fate by modulating the dynamic equilibrium between differentiation and self-renewal, which provides a new idea for the study of germ cell regulatory network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Man Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Chuanli Huang
- Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Shaoze Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Nana He
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yilin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Mahmoud F Ahmed
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ruifeng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Jing Jin
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Qisheng Zuo
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Yani Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
| | - Bichun Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Breeding Reproduction and Molecular Design for Jiangsu Province, College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, P.R. China
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Timing of Egf Treatment Differentially Affects Tgf-β2 Induced Cranial Suture Closure. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2017; 233:1518-26. [DOI: 10.3181/0805-rm-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Pan H, Zhang H, Abraham P, Komatsu Y, Lyons K, Kaartinen V, Mishina Y. BmpR1A is a major type 1 BMP receptor for BMP-Smad signaling during skull development. Dev Biol 2017. [PMID: 28641928 DOI: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Craniosynostosis is caused by premature fusion of one or more sutures in an infant skull, resulting in abnormal facial features. The molecular and cellular mechanisms by which genetic mutations cause craniosynostosis are incompletely characterized, and many of the causative genes for diverse types of syndromic craniosynostosis have not yet been identified. We previously demonstrated that augmentation of BMP signaling mediated by a constitutively active BMP type IA receptor (ca-BmpR1A) in neural crest cells (ca1A hereafter) causes craniosynostosis and superimposition of heterozygous null mutation of Bmpr1a rescues premature suture fusion (ca1A;1aH hereafter). In this study, we superimposed heterozygous null mutations of the other two BMP type I receptors, Bmpr1b and Acvr1 (ca1A;1bH and ca1A;AcH respectively hereafter) to further dissect involvement of BMP-Smad signaling. Unlike caA1;1aH, ca1A;1bH and ca1A;AcH did not restore the craniosynostosis phenotypes. In our in vivo study, Smad-dependent BMP signaling was decreased to normal levels in mut;1aH mice. However, BMP receptor-regulated Smads (R-Smads; pSmad1/5/9 hereafter) levels were comparable between ca1A, ca1A;1bH and ca1A;AcH mice, and elevated compared to control mice. Bmpr1a, Bmpr1b and Acvr1 null cells were used to examine potential mechanisms underlying the differences in ability of heterozygosity for Bmpr1a vs. Bmpr1b or Acvr1 to rescue the mut phenotype. pSmad1/5/9 level was undetectable in Bmpr1a homozygous null cells while pSmad1/5/9 levels did not decrease in Bmpr1b or Acvr1 homozygous null cells. Taken together, our study indicates that different levels of expression and subsequent activation of Smad signaling differentially contribute each BMP type I receptor to BMP-Smad signaling and craniofacial development. These results also suggest differential involvement of each type 1 receptor in pathogenesis of syndromic craniosynostoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichun Pan
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Honghao Zhang
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Ponnu Abraham
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Komatsu
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA; Department of Pediatrics, The University of Texas Medical School at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Karen Lyons
- Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Vesa Kaartinen
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yuji Mishina
- Department of Biologic & Materials Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, 1011 N. University Ave., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Catechol-modified hyaluronic acid: in situ-forming hydrogels by auto-oxidation of catechol or photo-oxidation using visible light. Polym Bull (Berl) 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-017-1937-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Peskett E, Kumar S, Baird W, Jaiswal J, Li M, Patel P, Britto JA, Pauws E. Analysis of the Fgfr2C342Y mouse model shows condensation defects due to misregulation of Sox9 expression in prechondrocytic mesenchyme. Biol Open 2017; 6:223-231. [PMID: 28069589 PMCID: PMC5312100 DOI: 10.1242/bio.022178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Syndromic craniosynostosis caused by mutations in FGFR2 is characterised by developmental pathology in both endochondral and membranous skeletogenesis. Detailed phenotypic characterisation of features in the membranous calvarium, the endochondral cranial base and other structures in the axial and appendicular skeleton has not been performed at embryonic stages. We investigated bone development in the Crouzon mouse model (Fgfr2C342Y) at pre- and post-ossification stages to improve understanding of the underlying pathogenesis. Phenotypic analysis was performed by whole-mount skeletal staining (Alcian Blue/Alizarin Red) and histological staining of sections of CD1 wild-type (WT), Fgfr2C342Y/+ heterozygous (HET) and Fgfr2C342Y/C342Y homozygous (HOM) mouse embryos from embryonic day (E)12.5-E17.5 stages. Gene expression (Sox9, Shh, Fgf10 and Runx2) was studied by in situ hybridisation and protein expression (COL2A1) by immunohistochemistry. Our analysis has identified severely decreased osteogenesis in parts of the craniofacial skeleton together with increased chondrogenesis in parts of the endochondral and cartilaginous skeleton in HOM embryos. The Sox9 expression domain in tracheal and basi-cranial chondrocytic precursors at E13.5 in HOM embryos is increased and expanded, correlating with the phenotypic observations which suggest FGFR2 signalling regulates Sox9 expression. Combined with abnormal staining of type II collagen in pre-chondrocytic mesenchyme, this is indicative of a mesenchymal condensation defect. An expanded spectrum of phenotypic features observed in the Fgfr2C342Y/C342Y mouse embryo paves the way towards better understanding the clinical attributes of human Crouzon-Pfeiffer syndrome. FGFR2 mutation results in impaired skeletogenesis; however, our findings suggest that many phenotypic aberrations stem from a primary failure of pre-chondrogenic/osteogenic mesenchymal condensation and link FGFR2 to SOX9, a principal regulator of skeletogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Peskett
- UCL Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Samin Kumar
- UCL Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - William Baird
- UCL Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Janhvi Jaiswal
- UCL Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Ming Li
- UCL Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Priyanca Patel
- UCL Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
| | - Jonathan A Britto
- Craniofacial Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London, WC1N 3JH, UK
| | - Erwin Pauws
- UCL Great Ormond Street, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, WC1N 1EH, UK
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Rahman MZ, Shigeishi H, Sasaki K, Ota A, Ohta K, Takechi M. Combined effects of melatonin and FGF-2 on mouse preosteoblast behavior within interconnected porous hydroxyapatite ceramics - in vitro analysis. J Appl Oral Sci 2016; 24:153-61. [PMID: 27119764 PMCID: PMC4836923 DOI: 10.1590/1678-775720150606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Biocompatible materials such as interconnected porous hydroxyapatite ceramics (IP-CHA) loaded with osteogenic cells and bioactive agents are part of an evolving concept for overcoming craniofacial defects by use of artificial bone tissue regeneration. Amongst the bioactive agents, melatonin (MEL) and basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF-2) have been independently reported to induce osteoblastic activity. The present in vitro study was undertaken to examine the relationship between these two bioactive agents and their combinatory effects on osteoblastic activity and mineralization in vitro. Material and Methods Mouse preosteoblast cells (MC3T3-E1) were seeded and cultured within cylindrical type of IP-CHA block (ø 4x7 mm) by vacuum-assisted method. The IP-CHA/MC3T3 composites were subjected to FGF-2 and/or MEL. The proliferation assay, alkaline phosphatase enzyme activity (ALP), mRNA expressions of late bone markers, namely Osteocalcin (OCN) and Osteopontin (OPN), and Alizarin Red staining were examined over a period of 7 days. Results FGF-2 mainly enhanced the proliferation of MC3T3-E1 cells within the IP-CHA constructs. MEL mainly induced the mRNA expression of late bone markers (OCN and OPN) and showed increased ALP activity of MC3T3 cells cultured within IP-CHA construct. Moreover, the combination of FGF-2 and MEL showed increased osteogenic activity within the IP-CHA construct in terms of cell proliferation, upregulated expressions of OCN and OPN, increased ALP activity and mineralization with Alizarin Red. The synergy of the proliferative potential of FGF-2 and the differentiation potential of MEL showed increased osteogenic activity in MC3T3-E1 cells cultured within IP-CHA constructs. Conclusion These findings indicate that the combination of FGF-2 and MEL may be utilized with biocompatible materials to attain augmented osteogenic activity and mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Zeshaan Rahman
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Hideo Shigeishi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kazuki Sasaki
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akira Ota
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Kouji Ohta
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masaaki Takechi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
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Seifi M, Lotfi A, Badiee MR, Abdolazimi Z, Amdjadi P, Bargrizan M. The Effect of An Angiogenic Cytokine on Orthodontically Induced Inflammatory Root Resorption. CELL JOURNAL 2016; 18:271-80. [PMID: 27551674 PMCID: PMC4992183 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2016.4323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Objective Orthodontically induced inflammatory root resorption (OIIRR) is an undesirable sequel of tooth movement after sterile necrosis that takes place in periodontal ligament due to blockage of blood vessels following exertion of orthodontic force. This study
sought to assess the effect of an angiogenic cytokine on OIIRR in rat model. Materials and Methods In this experimental animal study, 50 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10 each: E10, E100 and E1000 receiving an injection of 10, 100
and 1000 ng of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), respectively, positive control group
(CP) receiving an orthodontic appliance and injection of phosphate buffered saline (PBS)
and the negative control group (CN) receiving only the anesthetic agent. A nickel titanium
coil spring was placed between the first molar and the incisor on the right side of maxilla.
Twenty-one days later, the rats were sacrificed. Histopathological sections were made to
assess the number and area of resorption lacunae, number of blood vessels, osteoclasts
and Howship’s lacunae. Data were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey’s honest significant difference (HSD) test. Results Number of resorption lacunae and area of resorption lacunae in E1000 (0.97 ± 0.80 and 1. 27 ± 0.01×10-3, respectively) were significantly lower than in CP (4.17 ± 0.90
and 2.77 ± 0.01×10-3, respectively, P=0.000). Number of blood vessels, osteoclasts and
Howship’s lacunae were significantly higher in E1000 compared to CP (P<0.05). Conclusion Tooth movement as the outcome of bone remodeling is concomitant with
the formation of sterile necrosis in the periodontal ligament following blocked blood supply. Thus, bFGF can significantly decrease the risk of root resorption by providing more
oxygen and angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massoud Seifi
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Lotfi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Badiee
- Dentofacial Deformities Research Center, Research Institute of Dental Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Zahra Abdolazimi
- Department of Pedodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Parisa Amdjadi
- Department of Dental Materials, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Bargrizan
- Department of Pedodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Simann M, Le Blanc S, Schneider V, Zehe V, Lüdemann M, Schütze N, Jakob F, Schilling T. Canonical FGFs Prevent Osteogenic Lineage Commitment and Differentiation of Human Bone Marrow Stromal Cells Via ERK1/2 Signaling. J Cell Biochem 2016; 118:263-275. [PMID: 27305863 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.25631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Controlling the adipo-osteogenic lineage decision of trabecular human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSCs) in favor of osteogenesis represents a promising approach for osteoporosis therapy and prevention. Previously, Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 (FGF1) and its subfamily member FGF2 were scored as leading candidates to exercise control over skeletal precursor commitment and lineage decision albeit literature results are highly inconsistent. We show here that FGF1 and 2 strongly prevent the osteogenic commitment and differentiation of hBMSCs. Mineralization of extracellular matrix (ECM) and mRNA expression of osteogenic marker genes Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), Collagen 1A1 (COL1A1), and Integrin-Binding Sialoprotein (IBSP) were significantly reduced. Furthermore, master regulators of osteogenic commitment like Runt-Related Transcription Factor 2 (RUNX2) and Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4 (BMP4) were downregulated. When administered under adipogenic culture conditions, canonical FGFs did not support osteogenic marker expression. Moreover despite the presence of osteogenic differentiation factors, FGFs even disabled the pro-osteogenic lineage decision of pre-differentiated adipocytic cells. In contrast to FGF Receptor 2 (FGFR2), FGFR1 was stably expressed throughout osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation and FGF addition. Moreover, FGFR1 and Extracellular Signal-Regulated Kinases 1 and 2 (ERK1/2) were found to be responsible for underlying signal transduction using respective inhibitors. Taken together, we present new findings indicating that canonical FGFR-ERK1/2 signaling entrapped hBMSCs in a pre-committed state and arrested further maturation of committed precursors. Our results might aid in unraveling and controlling check points relevant for ageing-associated aberrant adipogenesis with consequences for the treatment of degenerative diseases such as osteoporosis and for skeletal tissue engineering strategies. J. Cell. Biochem. 118: 263-275, 2017. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meike Simann
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Solange Le Blanc
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Verena Schneider
- Chair Tissue Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Viola Zehe
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Martin Lüdemann
- Orthopedic Department König-Ludwig-Haus, Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Schütze
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Franz Jakob
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tatjana Schilling
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Center for Musculoskeletal Research, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Cell type-specific control of protein synthesis and proliferation by FGF-dependent signaling to the translation repressor 4E-BP. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2016; 113:7545-50. [PMID: 27313212 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1605451113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of protein synthesis plays a vital role in posttranscriptional modulation of gene expression. Translational control most commonly targets the initiation of protein synthesis: loading 40S ribosome complexes onto mRNA and AUG start codon recognition. This step is initiated by eukaryotic initiation factor 4E (eIF4E) (the m7GTP cap-binding protein), whose binding to eIF4G (a scaffolding subunit) and eIF4A (an ATP-dependent RNA helicase) leads to assembly of active eIF4F complex. The ability of eIF4E to recognize the cap is prevented by its binding to eIF4E binding protein (4E-BP), which thereby inhibits cap-dependent translation by sequestering eIF4E. The 4E-BP activity is, in turn, inhibited by mTORC1 [mTOR (the mechanistic target of rapamycin) complex 1] mediated phosphorylation. Here, we define a previously unidentified mechanism of mTOR-independent 4E-BP1 regulation that is used by chondrocytes upon FGF signaling. Chondrocytes are responsible for the formation of the skeleton long bones. Unlike the majority of cell types where FGF signaling triggers proliferation, chondrocytes respond to FGF with inhibition. We establish that FGF specifically suppresses protein synthesis in chondrocytes, but not in any other cells of mesenchymal origin. Furthermore, 4E-BP1 repressor activity is necessary not only for suppression of protein synthesis, but also for FGF-induced cell-cycle arrest. Importantly, FGF-induced changes in the 4E-BP1 activity observed in cell culture are likewise detected in vivo and reflect the action of FGF signaling on downstream targets during bone development. Thus, our findings demonstrate that FGF signaling differentially impacts protein synthesis through either stimulation or repression, in a cell-type-dependent manner, with 4E-BP1 being a key player.
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Gonçalves F, de Moraes MS, Ferreira LB, Carreira ACO, Kossugue PM, Boaro LCC, Bentini R, Garcia CRDS, Sogayar MC, Arana-Chavez VE, Catalani LH. Combination of Bioactive Polymeric Membranes and Stem Cells for Periodontal Regeneration: In Vitro and In Vivo Analyses. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152412. [PMID: 27031990 PMCID: PMC4816539 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Regeneration of periodontal tissues requires a concerted effort to obtain consistent and predictable results in vivo. The aim of the present study was to test a new family of bioactive polymeric membranes in combination with stem cell therapy for periodontal regeneration. In particular, the novel polyester poly(isosorbide succinate-co-L-lactide) (PisPLLA) was compared with poly(L-lactide) (PLLA). Both polymers were combined with collagen (COL), hydroxyapatite (HA) and the growth factor bone morphogenetic protein-7 (BMP7), and their osteoinductive capacity was evaluated via in vitro and in vivo experiments. Membranes composed of PLLA/COL/HA or PisPLLA/COL/HA were able to promote periodontal regeneration and new bone formation in fenestration defects in rat jaws. According to quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Alizarin Red assays, better osteoconductive capacity and increased extracellular mineralization were observed for PLLA/COL/HA, whereas better osteoinductive properties were associated with PisPLLA/COL/HA. We concluded that membranes composed of either PisPLLA/COL/HA or PLLA/COL/HA present promising results in vitro as well as in vivo and that these materials could be potentially applied in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Gonçalves
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–000
| | - Míriam Santos de Moraes
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–090
| | - Lorraine Braga Ferreira
- Departamento de Biomateriais e Biologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–000
| | - Ana Cláudia Oliveira Carreira
- NUCEL/NETCEM—Núcleo de Terapia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05360–130
| | - Patrícia Mayumi Kossugue
- NUCEL/NETCEM—Núcleo de Terapia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05360–130
| | - Letícia Cristina Cidreira Boaro
- Departamento de Biomateriais e Biologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–000
| | - Ricardo Bentini
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–000
| | - Célia Regina da Silva Garcia
- Departamento de Fisiologia, Instituto de Biociências, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–090
| | - Mari Cleide Sogayar
- NUCEL/NETCEM—Núcleo de Terapia Celular e Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05360–130
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–000
| | - Victor Elias Arana-Chavez
- Departamento de Biomateriais e Biologia Oral, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–000
| | - Luiz Henrique Catalani
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brasil, 05508–000
- * E-mail:
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Felber K, Elks PM, Lecca M, Roehl HH. Expression of osterix Is Regulated by FGF and Wnt/β-Catenin Signalling during Osteoblast Differentiation. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144982. [PMID: 26689368 PMCID: PMC4686927 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Osteoblast differentiation from mesenchymal cells is regulated by multiple signalling pathways. Here we have analysed the roles of Fibroblast Growth Factor (FGF) and canonical Wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt/β-Catenin) signalling pathways on zebrafish osteogenesis. We have used transgenic and chemical interference approaches to manipulate these pathways and have found that both pathways are required for osteoblast differentiation in vivo. Our analysis of bone markers suggests that these pathways act at the same stage of differentiation to initiate expression of the osteoblast master regulatory gene osterix (osx). We use two independent approaches that suggest that osx is a direct target of these pathways. Firstly, we manipulate signalling and show that osx gene expression responds with similar kinetics to that of known transcriptional targets of the FGF and Wnt pathways. Secondly, we have performed ChIP with transcription factors for both pathways and our data suggest that a genomic region in the first intron of osx mediates transcriptional activation. Based upon these data, we propose that FGF and Wnt/β-Catenin pathways act in part by directing transcription of osx to promote osteoblast differentiation at sites of bone formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Felber
- Bateson Centre and Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Philip M. Elks
- Bateson Centre and Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Maria Lecca
- Bateson Centre and Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
| | - Henry H. Roehl
- Bateson Centre and Department of Biomedical Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, United Kingdom
- * E-mail:
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Lu C, Huguley S, Cui C, Cabaniss LB, Waite PD, Sarver DM, Mamaeva OA, MacDougall M. Effects of FGFR Signaling on Cell Proliferation and Differentiation of Apert Dental Cells. Cells Tissues Organs 2015; 201:26-37. [DOI: 10.1159/000441349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Apert syndrome is a rare congenital disorder most often arising from S252W or P253R mutations in fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR2). Numerous studies have focused on the regulatory role of Apert FGFR2 signaling in bone formation, whereas its functional role in tooth development is largely unknown. To investigate the role of FGFR signaling in cell proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of human dental cells in vitro, we isolated dental pulp and enamel organ epithelia (EOE) tissues from an Apert patient carrying the S252W FGFR2 mutation. Apert primary pulp and EOE cells were established and shown to exhibit normal morphology and express alkaline phosphatase under differentiation conditions. Similar to control cells, Apert dental pulp and EOE cells expressed all FGFRs, with highest levels of FGFR1 followed by FGFR2 and low levels of FGFR3 and FGFR4. However, Apert cells had increased cell growth compared with control cells. Distinct from previous findings in osteoblast cells, gain-of-function S252W FGFR2 mutation did not upregulate the expression of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFRα), but elevated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling in cells after EGF stimulation. Unexpectedly, there was little effect of the S252W mutation on odontogenic gene expression in dental pulp and EOE cells. However, after inhibition of total FGFR signaling or ERK signaling, the expression of odontogenic genes was upregulated in both dental cell types, indicating the negative effect of whole FGFR signaling on odontogenic differentiation. This study provides novel insights on FGFR signaling and a common Apert FGFR2 mutation in the regulation of odontogenic differentiation of dental mesenchymal and epithelial cells.
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