1
|
Balasubramanian R, Shutta KH, Guasch-Ferre M, Huang T, Jha SC, Zhu Y, Shadyab AH, Manson JE, Corella D, Fitó M, Hu FB, Rexrode KM, Clish CB, Hankinson SE, Kubzansky LD. Metabolomic profiles of chronic distress are associated with cardiovascular disease risk and inflammation-related risk factors. Brain Behav Immun 2023; 114:262-274. [PMID: 37557964 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbi.2023.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic psychological distress is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and investigators have posited inflammatory factors may be centrally involved in these relationships. However, mechanistic evidence and molecular underpinnings of these processes remain unclear, and data are particularly sparse among women. This study examined if a metabolite profile linked with distress was associated with increased CVD risk and inflammation-related risk factors. METHODS A plasma metabolite-based distress score (MDS) of twenty chronic psychological distress-related metabolites was developed in cross-sectional, 1:1 matched case-control data comprised of 558 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; 279 women with distress, 279 controls). This MDS was then evaluated in two other cohorts: the Women's Health Initiative Observational Cohort (WHI-OS) and the Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea (PREDIMED) trial. We tested the MDS's association with risk of future CVD in each sample and with levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) in the WHI-OS. The WHI-OS subsample included 944 postmenopausal women (472 CHD cases; mean time to event = 5.8 years); the PREDIMED subsample included 980 men and women (224 CVD cases, mean time to event = 3.1 years). RESULTS In the WHI-OS, a 1-SD increase in the plasma MDS was associated with a 20% increased incident CHD risk (odds ratio [OR] = 1.20, 95% CI: 1.04 - 1.38), adjusting for known CVD risk factors excluding total and HDL cholesterol. This association was attenuated after including total and HDL cholesterol. CRP mediated an average 12.9% (95% CI: 4.9% - 28%, p < 10-15) of the total effect of MDS on CHD risk when adjusting for matching factors. This effect was attenuated after adjusting for known CVD risk factors. Of the metabolites in the MDS, tryptophan and threonine were inversely associated with incident CHD risk in univariate models. In PREDIMED, each one SD increase in the MDS was associated with an OR of 1.19 (95% CI: 1.00 - 1.41) for incident CVD risk, after adjusting all risk factors. Similar associations were observed in men and women. Four metabolites in the MDS were associated with incident CVD risk in PREDIMED in univariate models. Biliverdin and C36:5 phosphatidylcholine (PC) plasmalogen had inverse associations; C16:0 ceramide and C18:0 lysophosphatidylethanolamine(LPE) each had positive associations with CVD risk. CONCLUSIONS Our study points to molecular alterations that may underlie the association between chronic distress and subsequent risk of cardiovascular disease in adults.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Raji Balasubramanian
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Katherine H Shutta
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America; Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America; Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Marta Guasch-Ferre
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Tianyi Huang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Shaili C Jha
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Yiwen Zhu
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Aladdin H Shadyab
- Herbert Wertheim School of Public Health and Human Longevity Science, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, United States of America
| | - JoAnn E Manson
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America; Division of Preventive Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Dolores Corella
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health. University of Valencia, Valencia Spain and CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Montserrat Fitó
- Epidemiology and Public Health program. Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain and CIBEROBN, Madrid, Spain
| | - Frank B Hu
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| | - Kathryn M Rexrode
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States of America; Division of Women's Health, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, the United States of America
| | - Clary B Clish
- Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, United States of America
| | - Susan E Hankinson
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, United States of America
| | - Laura D Kubzansky
- Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, United States of America
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chen L, Zhong JL. MicroRNA and heme oxygenase-1 in allergic disease. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 80:106132. [DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.106132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
3
|
Onoue Y, Izumiya Y, Hanatani S, Ishida T, Arima Y, Yamamura S, Kimura Y, Araki S, Ishii M, Nakamura T, Oimatsu Y, Sakamoto K, Yamamoto E, Kojima S, Kaikita K, Tsujita K. Akt1-Mediated Muscle Growth Promotes Blood Flow Recovery After Hindlimb Ischemia by Enhancing Heme Oxygenase-1 in Neighboring Cells. Circ J 2018; 82:2905-2912. [DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-18-0135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiro Onoue
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yasuhiro Izumiya
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Shinsuke Hanatani
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Toshifumi Ishida
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yuichiro Arima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Satoru Yamamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yuichi Kimura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Satoshi Araki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Masanobu Ishii
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Taishi Nakamura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Yu Oimatsu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Kenji Sakamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Eiichiro Yamamoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Sunao Kojima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Koichi Kaikita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| | - Kenichi Tsujita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Robaczewska J, Kędziora-Kornatowska K, Kucharski R, Nowak M, Muszalik M, Kornatowski M, Kędziora J. Decreased expression of heme oxygenase is associated with depressive symptoms and may contribute to depressive and hypertensive comorbidity. Redox Rep 2016; 21:209-18. [PMID: 26824276 DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2015.1101889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is strong evidence that hypertension and depression are comorbid and oxidative stress is implicated in both pathologies. We aimed to elucidate the relationship between biochemical markers of the antioxidant-pro-oxidant equilibrium and depression in hypertension. METHODS Blood was collected from patients diagnosed with depression, hypertension, or comorbid depression and hypertension and healthy age- and sex-matched controls. Whole blood reduced glutathione, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase (SOD-1), glutathione peroxidase (GPx-1), glutathione reductase (GR), malondialdehyde (MDA), and plasma hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) were assayed using spectrophotometry, and heme oxygenase (HO-1) levels were determined immunoenzymatically. RESULTS Both hypertension and depression were associated with altered antioxidant-pro-oxidant profiles. Decreased GPx-1 and SOD-1 activities, increased GR activity, increased levels of GSH, and increased concentrations of MDA and H2O2 were observed in patients compared to controls. Inducible HO-1 was specifically decreased in patients with depression and was significantly associated with both the prevalence and severity of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS Heme oxygenase is a biological factor that might explain the relationship between inflammation, oxidative stress, and the biological and functional changes in brain activity in depression. HO-1 is a candidate depression biomarker and provides an avenue for novel preventative and diagnostic strategies against this disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Robaczewska
- a Department and Clinic of Geriatrics , Collegium Medicum UMK in Bydgoszcz , Poland.,b Life4Science Foundation , Poland
| | | | - Robert Kucharski
- c Psychoneurology of the Elderly Center at Sue Ryder Home, Pallmed LLC , Bydgoszcz , Poland
| | - Maria Nowak
- c Psychoneurology of the Elderly Center at Sue Ryder Home, Pallmed LLC , Bydgoszcz , Poland
| | - Marta Muszalik
- a Department and Clinic of Geriatrics , Collegium Medicum UMK in Bydgoszcz , Poland
| | | | - Józef Kędziora
- e Department of Biochemistry , Collegium Medicum UMK in Bydgoszcz , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Liu X, Zhang Z, Cheng Z, Zhang J, Xu S, Liu H, Jia H, Jin Y. Spinal Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) Exerts Antinociceptive Effects Against Neuropathic Pain in a Mouse Model of L5 Spinal Nerve Ligation. PAIN MEDICINE 2015; 17:220-9. [PMID: 26361083 DOI: 10.1111/pme.12906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center; Nanjing Jinling Hospital; Nanjing 210003 China
| | - Zhijun Zhang
- Pain Research Laboratory, Institute of Nautical Medicine, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Neuroregeneration; Nantong University; Nantong 226001 China
| | - Zhuqiang Cheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center; Nanjing Jinling Hospital; Nanjing 210003 China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center; Nanjing Jinling Hospital; Nanjing 210003 China
| | - Shuangshuang Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center; Nanjing Jinling Hospital; Nanjing 210003 China
| | - Hongjun Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center; Nanjing Jinling Hospital; Nanjing 210003 China
| | - Hongbin Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center; Nanjing Jinling Hospital; Nanjing 210003 China
| | - Yi Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center; Nanjing Jinling Hospital; Nanjing 210003 China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Inflammatory signalling associated with brain dead organ donation: from brain injury to brain stem death and posttransplant ischaemia reperfusion injury. J Transplant 2013; 2013:521369. [PMID: 23691272 PMCID: PMC3649190 DOI: 10.1155/2013/521369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2012] [Revised: 01/19/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain death is associated with dramatic and serious pathophysiologic changes that adversely affect both the quantity and quality of organs available for transplant. To fully optimise the donor pool necessitates a more complete understanding of the underlying pathophysiology of organ dysfunction associated with transplantation. These injurious processes are initially triggered by catastrophic brain injury and are further enhanced during both brain death and graft transplantation. The activated inflammatory systems then contribute to graft dysfunction in the recipient. Inflammatory mediators drive this process in concert with the innate and adaptive immune systems. Activation of deleterious immunological pathways in organ grafts occurs, priming them for further inflammation after engraftment. Finally, posttransplantation ischaemia reperfusion injury leads to further generation of inflammatory mediators and consequent activation of the recipient's immune system. Ongoing research has identified key mediators that contribute to the inflammatory milieu inherent in brain dead organ donation. This has seen the development of novel therapies that directly target the inflammatory cascade.
Collapse
|
7
|
Chen G, Kheradmand T, Bryant J, Wang S, Tasch J, Wang JJ, Zhang Z, Luo X. Intragraft CD11b(+) IDO(+) cells mediate cardiac allograft tolerance by ECDI-fixed donor splenocyte infusions. Am J Transplant 2012; 12:2920-9. [PMID: 22883222 PMCID: PMC3484208 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2012.04203.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
We have previously shown that pre- and post-transplant infusions of donor splenocytes treated with 1-ethyl-3-(3'-dimethylaminopropyl)-carbodiimide (ECDI-SPs) provide permanent donor-specific protection of islet allografts. The efficacy of donor ECDI-SPs in protecting vascularized cardiac allografts and mechanism(s) of protection are unknown. In this study, we show that infusions of ECDI-SPs significantly prolong cardiac allograft survival concomitant with an impressive accumulation of CD11b(+) IDO(+) cells in the cardiac allograft, and that the presence of this population is dependent on Gr1(+) cells. Consequently, depletion of Gr1(+) cells or inhibition of indoleamine 2,3 dioxygenase (IDO) activity abrogates graft protection by ECDI-SPs infusions. In addition, T cells from ECDI-SPs treated recipients secrete high levels of interleukin 10 and interleukin 13 upon in vitro restimulation, which are also dampened in recipients treated with the IDO inhibitor. Furthermore, combination of donor ECDI-SPs with a short course of rapamycin provides indefinite cardiac allograft survival in 100% of the recipients. These findings reveal a novel mechanism of donor ECDI-SPs in inducing cardiac transplant tolerance and provide several targets that are amenable to therapeutic manipulations for tolerance induction for cardiac transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Chen
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Organ Transplant Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510080, China
| | - Taba Kheradmand
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Jane Bryant
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Sheng Wang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, P.R. China, 430030
| | - James Tasch
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Jiao-jing Wang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Department of Surgery, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | - Xunrong Luo
- Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gene transfer of heme oxygenase-1 using an adeno-associated virus serotype 6 vector prolongs cardiac allograft survival. J Transplant 2012; 2012:740653. [PMID: 23125915 PMCID: PMC3480008 DOI: 10.1155/2012/740653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2012] [Revised: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 09/07/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. Allograft survival can be prolonged by overexpression of cytoprotective genes such as heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). Modifications in vector design and delivery have provided new opportunities to safely and effectively administer HO-1 into the heart prior to transplantation to improve long-term graft outcome. Methods. HO-1 was delivered to the donor heart using an adeno-associated virus vector (AAV) with a pseudotype 6 capsid and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to enhance myocardial tropism and microvascular permeability. Survival of mouse cardiac allografts, fully or partially mismatched at the MHC, was determined with and without cyclosporine A. Intragraft cytokine gene expression was examined by PCR.
Results. The use of AAV6 to deliver HO-1 to the donor heart, combined with immunosuppression, prolonged allograft survival by 55.3% when donor and recipient were completely mismatched at the MHC and by 94.6% if partially mismatched. The combination of gene therapy and immunosuppression was more beneficial than treatment with either AAV6-HO-1 or CsA alone. IL-17a, b, e and f were induced in the heart at rejection.
Conclusions. Pretreatment of cardiac allografts with AAV6-HO-1 plus cyclosporine A prolonged graft survival. HO-1 gene therapy represents a beneficial adjunct to immunosuppressive therapy in cardiac transplantation.
Collapse
|
9
|
Kádár E, Lim LW, Carreras G, Genís D, Temel Y, Huguet G. High-frequency stimulation of the ventrolateral thalamus regulates gene expression in hippocampus, motor cortex and caudate–putamen. Brain Res 2011; 1391:1-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2011.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2010] [Revised: 03/22/2011] [Accepted: 03/23/2011] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
|
10
|
Kheradmand T, Wang S, Gibly RF, Zhang X, Holland S, Tasch J, Graham JG, Kaufman DB, Miller SD, Shea LD, Luo X. Permanent protection of PLG scaffold transplanted allogeneic islet grafts in diabetic mice treated with ECDI-fixed donor splenocyte infusions. Biomaterials 2011; 32:4517-24. [PMID: 21458857 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2011.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/04/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic islet cell transplantation is a promising treatment for human type 1 diabetes. Currently, human islets are transplanted via intra-portal infusions. While successful, it leads to significant early islet attrition from instant blood-mediated inflammatory reaction. An extra-hepatic site was established by transplanting islet-loaded microporous poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG) scaffolds into the epididymal fat pad in syngeneic islet transplant models. This study examined this technology in allogeneic islet transplantation and determined whether transplant tolerance could be effectively induced to protect PLG scaffold transplanted allogeneic islets. The efficacy of an established tolerance induction strategy using donor splenocytes treated with ethylcarbodiimide(ECDI) was tested. ECDI-fixed donor splenocytes were infused 7 days before and 1 day after islet transplantation. Immediate normoglycemia was restored, and treated mice maintained indefinite normoglycemia whereas untreated mice rejected islet grafts within 20 days of transplantation. Interestingly, efficacy of tolerance induction was superior in PLG scaffold compared with intra-portal transplanted islets. Protection of PLG scaffold islet allografts was associated with several mechanisms of immune regulation. In summary, PLG scaffolds can serve as an alternative delivery system for islet transplantation that does not impair tolerance induction. This approach of combining tolerance induction with scaffold islet transplantation has potential therapeutic implications for human islet transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Taba Kheradmand
- Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL 60611, United States
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Yamada M, Burke C, Colditz P, Johnson DW, Gobe GC. Erythropoietin protects against apoptosis and increases expression of non-neuronal cell markers in the hypoxia-injured developing brain. J Pathol 2011; 224:101-9. [PMID: 21404277 DOI: 10.1002/path.2862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2010] [Revised: 12/23/2010] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Erythropoietin (EPO) is a cytokine hormone with cytoprotective effects in many tissues including the brain. Although the benefits of administration of recombinant human EPO (rhEPO) for neonatal hypoxic brain injury have been demonstrated in neuronal tissue, the effect on non-neuronal cell populations is unclear. We tested the hypothesis that rhEPO would not only protect neuronal cells but also glial cells at a stage of brain development where their maturation was particularly sensitive, and also protect the vasculature. This was evaluated in a rat model of hypoxic injury. 1000 IU/kg rhEPO was delivered intraperitoneally at the start of 4 h hypoxia or normoxia. Treatment groups of neonatal rats (day of birth, at least N = 10 per group) were as follows: normoxia; normoxia plus rhEPO; hypoxia (8% FiO(2) delivered in temperature-controlled chambers); and hypoxia plus rhEPO. Day of birth in rats is equivalent to human gestation of 28-32 weeks. The effects of rhEPO administration, especially to non-neuronal cell populations, and the associated molecular pathways, were investigated. Apoptosis was increased with hypoxia and this was significantly reduced with rhEPO (p < 0.05). The neuronal marker, microtubule-associated protein-2, increased in expression (p < 0.05) when apoptosis was significantly reduced by rhEPO. In addition, compared with hypoxia alone, rhEPO-treated hypoxia had the following significant protein expression increases (p < 0.05): the intermediate filament structural protein nestin; myelin basic protein (oligodendrocytes); and glial fibrillary acidic protein (astrocytes). In conclusion, rhEPO protects the developing brain via anti-apoptotic mechanisms and promotes the health of non-neuronal as well as neuronal cell populations at a time when loss of these cells would have long-lasting effects on brain function.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Miko Yamada
- Discipline of Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Queensland at Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba, Brisbane, Australia, 4102
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Induction of heme oxygenase-1 by acrolein mediates a cytoprotective effect in HepG2 cells. Mol Cell Toxicol 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-010-0029-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
13
|
Liu SF, Chen YC, Wang CC, Fang WF, Chin CH, Su MC, Lin MC. Il13 promoter (-1055) polymorphisms associated with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in Taiwanese. Exp Lung Res 2010; 35:807-16. [PMID: 19995275 DOI: 10.3109/01902140902893644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Interleukin-13 (IL13) -1055 polymorphism has been implicated in the development of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in various studies with conflicting results. The aims of this study are to investigate whether IL13 -1055 polymorphism is associated with the development of COPD in Taiwanese smokers; and to determine if IL13 -1055 polymorphism is associated with the severity of COPD. A case-control study was conducted on COPD patients (n = 85) and healthy smoker (n = 72). Genomic DNA was extracted for genotyping of IL13 sequencing and serum IL-13 was measured using by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). After adjusting smoking index and age confounding, the T-allelic frequencies of the IL13 -1055 gene polymorphisms in COPD group are significantly higher than those in control group (18.8% versus 1.4%; P < .001; odds ratio [OR] = 29.3; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.9-145.3); and the frequencies of CT/TT genotypes in COPD group are significantly higher than those in control group (27.1% versus 2.8%; P < .001; OR = 20.0; 95% CI: 3.9-100.8). In COPD patients, stepwise linear regression shows IL13 -1055 T allele is the independent factor associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (P = .007), but not associated with serum IL-13. In conclusion, IL13 -1055 T allele is associated with the development and severity of COPD in Taiwanese smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Feng Liu
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital-Kaohsiung Medical Center, Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Hsien, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Tabuchi Y, Takasaki I, Wada S, Zhao QL, Hori T, Nomura T, Ohtsuka K, Kondo T. Genes and genetic networks responsive to mild hyperthermia in human lymphoma U937 cells. Int J Hyperthermia 2009; 24:613-22. [DOI: 10.1080/02656730802140777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
|
15
|
Vassalli G, Roehrich ME, Vogt P, Pedrazzini GB, Siclari F, Moccetti T, von Segesser LK. Modalities and future prospects of gene therapy in heart transplantation. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2009; 35:1036-44. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcts.2009.01.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2008] [Revised: 01/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2009] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
|
16
|
Ramaswamy M, Groskreutz DJ, Look DC. Recognizing the importance of respiratory syncytial virus in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. COPD 2009; 6:64-75. [PMID: 19229710 DOI: 10.1080/15412550902724024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are responsible for a large proportion of the health care dollar expenditure, morbidity, and mortality related to COPD. Respiratory infections are the most common cause of acute exacerbations, but recent evidence indicates that the importance of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in COPD is under-appreciated. Improved detection of RSV using techniques based on the polymerase chain reaction accounts for much of the increased recognition of the importance of this virus in COPD patients. Furthermore, COPD patients may be more susceptible to RSV infection, possibly due to RSV-or immune response-induced pulmonary effects that are altered by age, environmental exposures, genetics, COPD itself, or a combination of these. However, although RSV infection occurs throughout life, viral and host factors that place COPD patients at increased risk are unclear. The complexities of RSV effects in COPD present opportunities for research with the goal of developing approaches to selectively modify damaging viral effects (e.g., altered airway function), while retaining beneficial immunity (e.g., clearance of virus) in COPD patients. This review explores the role RSV plays in acute exacerbations of COPD, the potential for RSV disease in chronic stable COPD, and newer concepts in RSV diagnosis, epidemiology, and host defense.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Murali Ramaswamy
- VA San Diego Healthcare System, University of California at San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Li JQ, Qi HZ, He ZJ, Hu W, Si ZZ, Li YN, Li DB. Cytoprotective effects of human interleukin-10 gene transfer against necrosis and apoptosis induced by hepatic cold ischemia/reperfusion injury. J Surg Res 2009; 157:e71-8. [PMID: 19555976 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2009.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2009] [Revised: 02/08/2009] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Apoptosis as well as necrosis may play an important role in hepatic ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. Interleukin 10 (IL-10), a Th2 type cytokine, modulates inflammatory responses by inhibiting the production of proinflammatory cytokines. The study focused on cytoprotective and antiapoptotic pathways to assess mechanisms by which gene transduction of human IL-10 (hIL-10) may renders grafts resistant to the cold I/R injury. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adenoviruses encoding hIL-10 or beta-galactosidase (LacZ) were injected via the superior mesenteric vein into prospective donor animals. The donor liver was harvested 48h after transduction, and stored for 12h at 4 degrees C lactated Ringer's solution prior to being transplanted. Graft survival, liver function, the degree of necrosis and apoptosis, and the molecules of apoptotic networks were assessed. RESULTS Ad-hIL-10 pretreatment significantly prolonged the survival of liver grafts by improving liver function, preserving hepatocyte integrity and architecture, and depressing intrahepatic apoptosis and necrosis. In addition, Ad-hIL-10 pretreatment diminished the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria into cytoplasm and caspase-3 activity, with simultaneous up-regulated of antioxidant HO-1 and anti-antiapoptotic Bcl-2 molecules. CONCLUSION Adenoviral gene transfer of hIL-10 ameliorated cold I/R injury by decreasing hepatic necrosis and apoptosis. The underlying mechanism of cytoprotective effects may at least be involved with the inhibition of caspase-3 activity and mitochondrial cytochrome c release, and the up-regulation of antiapoptotic (Bcl-2) and antioxidant (HO-1) molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jie-qun Li
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan Province, China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Sandovici M, Deelman LE, van Goor H, Helfrich W, de Zeeuw D, Henning RH. Adenovirus-mediated interleukin-13 gene therapy attenuates acute kidney allograft injury. J Gene Med 2008; 9:1024-32. [PMID: 17902182 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney transplantation is possible by virtue of systemic immunosuppression, which is in turn accompanied by serious side effects. The search for novel therapeutic agents and strategies is ongoing. Here we investigate the effects of adenovirus-mediated gene therapy with interleukin (IL)-13, which is a cytokine with strong immunomodulatory properties, on acute renal allograft injury. In addition, we compare the effects of local (intrarenal) and systemic (intramuscular) IL-13 gene therapy in kidney transplantation. METHODS The experiments were performed in a rat Fisher to Lewis acute rejection model of kidney transplantation. An adenovirus-IL-13 or adenovirus-luciferase was injected either into the donor kidney before transplantation (local treatment) or into the hind leg muscle of recipient rats (systemic treatment). A group with no treatment served as control. No additional immunosuppressive therapy was applied. The rats were sacrificed after 8 days and inflammatory markers and renal pre-fibrosis were assessed. RESULTS Efficient gene transfer was confirmed by ELISA, immunohistochemistry and real-time PCR. IL-13 gene therapy diminished graft infiltration with macrophages and cytotoxic T cells and limited up-regulation of mRNA levels of the adhesion molecule E-selectin and pro-inflammatory cytokines TNF-alpha and IFN-gamma. Moreover, reduced renal interstitial pre-fibrosis was found in the rats receiving IL-13 gene therapy. The effects of local and systemic therapy were similar. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that IL-13 gene therapy in the graft significantly attenuates acute renal allograft damage, suggesting local therapy with IL-13 as a strategy to reduce the need for systemic immunosuppressive medication and thereby its side effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Sandovici
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Systemic gene therapy with interleukin-13 attenuates renal ischemia-reperfusion injury. Kidney Int 2008; 73:1364-73. [PMID: 18354382 DOI: 10.1038/ki.2008.18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a leading cause of acute renal failure and a major determinant in the outcome of kidney transplantation. Here we explored systemic gene therapy with a modified adenovirus expressing Interleukin (IL)-13, a cytokine with strong anti-inflammatory and cytoprotective properties. When ischemia was induced we found that the IL-13 receptor is expressed in both the normal and experimental kidneys. Prior to the induction of ischemia, rats received adenovirus-IL-13, control adenovirus or saline. IL-13 plasma levels increased more than 50-fold in adenovirus-IL-13 treated animals, confirming successful IL-13 gene delivery. Histological analysis showed decreased tubular epithelial cell damage with adenovirus-IL-13 therapy, accompanied by reduced kidney injury molecule-1 expression. Interstitial infiltration by neutrophils and macrophages was reduced by half as was interstitial fibrosis and expression of alpha-smooth muscle actin. IL-13 treatment significantly diminished the expression of E-selectin, IL-8, MIP-2, TNF-alpha and MCP-1 mRNA. These results suggest that the use of systemic IL-13 gene therapy may be useful in reducing renal tubulointerstitial damage and inflammation caused by ischemia-reperfusion.
Collapse
|
20
|
Tschoeke SK, Ertel W. Immunoparalysis after multiple trauma. Injury 2007; 38:1346-57. [PMID: 18048039 DOI: 10.1016/j.injury.2007.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2007] [Revised: 07/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/15/2007] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The immunological sequelae following multiple trauma constitute an ongoing challenge in critical care management. The overall immune response to multiple trauma is a multilevel complex interdependently involving neurohormonal, cellular and haemodynamic factors. Immunoparalysis is characterised by a reduced capacity to present antigens via downregulated HLA-DR and an unbalanced monocyte-T cell interaction. Trauma-induced death of functionally conducive immune cells in the early recovery phase is significant in the emergence of posttraumatic multiple organ dysfunction or failure. Novel findings may contribute to more appropriate immunomonitoring and improved treatment. We must consider the preservation and support of immune function as the ultimate therapeutic goal, which may override the current strategy of simply antagonising excessive pro- or anti-inflammatory immune responses of the severely injured person. This review focuses on the injury-induced conduct of key immune effector cells and associated effects promoting immunoparalysis after multiple trauma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sven K Tschoeke
- Department of Trauma and Reconstructive Surgery, Charité-University Hospitals Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, 12203 Berlin, Germany.
| | | |
Collapse
|
21
|
Kim HR, Kim S, Kim EJ, Park JH, Yang SH, Jeong ET, Park C, Youn MJ, So HS, Park R. Suppression of Nrf2-driven heme oxygenase-1 enhances the chemosensitivity of lung cancer A549 cells toward cisplatin. Lung Cancer 2007; 60:47-56. [PMID: 18006113 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2007.09.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2007] [Revised: 08/21/2007] [Accepted: 09/22/2007] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is highly expressed in various tumor tissues and plays an important role in tumor cell growth through anti-oxidative and anti-apoptotic effects. Herein, we demonstrate that A549 cells express high levels of HO-1, Nrf2, and NF-kappaB compared to other lung cancer cell lines, including H23, H157, and H460. Ectopic expression of HO-1 small interfering RNA (siRNA) increased both apoptosis and degradation of procaspase-3. Transfection studies with siRNA specific for Nrf2 and NF-kappaB revealed that HO-1 expression in A549 cells is mediated by transcriptional activation of Nrf2, but not NF-kappaB. A549 cells are less susceptible to cisplatin cytotoxicity than other lung cancer cell lines, concomitant with increases in HO-1 expression and MAPK phosphorylation in a time-dependent fashion. Furthermore, inhibition of HO-1 by siRNA and a specific HO-1 inhibitor ZnPP augments cisplatin cytotoxicity toward A549 cells. Pharmacologic suppression of HO-1 activity resulted in a marked increase in the ROS generation in cisplatin-treated cells. In addition, pharmacologic inhibitors of MAPK suppressed the induction of HO-1 and Nrf2 expression by cisplatin. These findings suggest that HO-1 may modulate the chemosensitivity of lung cancer A549 cells to cisplatin through the MAPK-Nrf2 pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hak-Ryul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sejin Kim
- Microbiology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Sei-Hoon Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun-Taik Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, 344-2 Shinyong-dong Iksan, Jeonbuk 570-749, Republic of Korea
| | - Channy Park
- Microbiology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Ja Youn
- Microbiology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong-Seob So
- Microbiology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea
| | - Raekil Park
- Microbiology, Wonkwang University, School of Medicine, Iksan, Jeonbuk, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Ke B, Shen XD, Tsuchihashi SI, Gao F, Araujo JA, Busuttil RW, Ritter T, Kupiec-Weglinski JW. Viral interleukin-10 gene transfer prevents liver ischemia-reperfusion injury: Toll-like receptor-4 and heme oxygenase-1 signaling in innate and adaptive immunity. Hum Gene Ther 2007; 18:355-66. [PMID: 17439357 DOI: 10.1089/hum.2007.181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) contributes to early and late dysfunction of liver transplants. We have shown that sentinel Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR4) plays a key role in the activation of T cell immune responses during hepatic IRI. We have also documented that overexpression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) exerts potent cytoprotective effects. This study analyzes how adenovirus (Ad)-based viral interleukin-10 (vIL-10) gene transfer affects TLR4 and HO-1 signaling in host innate and adaptive immunity during liver IRI. Using a partial lobar warm IRI model, groups of wild-type and HO-1(+/-) knockout (KO) mice were assessed for severity of hepatocellular damage after 90 min of warm ischemia followed by 6 hr of reperfusion. Both wild-type and HO-1 (+/-) KO mice treated with Ad-vIL-10 have shown improved hepatic function (serum glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase levels), ameliorated histological signs of IRI (Suzuki's score), decreased neutrophil accumulation (myeloperoxidase activity), and depressed tumor necrosis factor-alpha/IL-1beta, IL-2/interferon-gamma, E-selectin, and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 expression. These effects were IL-10 dependent as treatment with neutralizing antibody re-created liver IRI. In contrast, untreated wild-type and HO-1 (+/-) KO mice, as well as wild-type and HO-1 (+/-) KO mice treated with Ad-beta-Gal, showed severe hepatocellular damage due to IRI. Unlike in controls, wild-type and HO-1 (+/-) KO mice treated with Ad-vIL-10 revealed markedly depressed TLR4 and NF-kappaB expression, along with increased HO-1 and Bcl-2/Bcl-x(L) expression, as compared with respective controls. Thus, vIL-10 gene transfer prevents hepatic IRI in association with depressed expression of innate TLR4, and adaptive Th1 cytokine/chemokine programs. The induction of antioxidant HO-1 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2/Bcl-x(L) by vIL-10 exerts synergistic cytoprotective function against antigen-independent hepatic inflammatory response triggered by IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Ke
- Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Kim SY, Kim EJ, Jang HY, Hwang KE, Park JH, Kim HJ, Jo HJ, Yang SH, Jeong ET, Kim HR. The Effect of Inhibition of Heme Oxygenase-1 on Chemosensitivity of Cisplatin in Lung Cancer Cells. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2007. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2007.62.1.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- So-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hye-Yeon Jang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Ki-Eun Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hwi-Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hyang-Jeong Jo
- Department of Pathology Kunsan Medical Center of Wonkwang University Hospital, Kunsan, Korea
| | - Sei-Hoon Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Eun-Taik Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hak-Ryul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Tsuchihashi SI, Livhits M, Zhai Y, Busuttil RW, Araujo JA, Kupiec-Weglinski JW. Basal Rather Than Induced Heme Oxygenase-1 Levels Are Crucial in the Antioxidant Cytoprotection. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2006; 177:4749-57. [PMID: 16982915 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.177.7.4749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) overexpression protects against tissue injury in many inflammatory processes, including ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI). This study evaluated whether genetically decreased HO-1 levels affected susceptibility to liver IRI. Partial warm ischemia was produced in hepatic lobes for 90 min followed by 6 h of reperfusion in heterozygous HO-1 knockout (HO-1(+/-)) and HO-1(+/+) wild-type (WT) mice. HO-1(+/-) mice demonstrated reduced HO-1 mRNA/protein levels at baseline and postreperfusion. This corresponded with increased hepatocellular damage in HO-1(+/-) mice, compared with WT. HO-1(+/-) mice revealed enhanced neutrophil infiltration and proinflammatory cytokine (TNF-alpha, IL-6, and IFN-gamma) induction, as well as an increase of intrahepatic apoptotic TUNEL(+) cells with enhanced expression of proapoptotic genes (Bax/cleaved caspase-3). We used cobalt protoporphyrin (CoPP) treatment to evaluate the effect of increased baseline HO-1 levels in both WT and HO-1(+/-) mice. CoPP treatment increased HO-1 expression in both animal groups, which correlated with a lower degree of hepatic damage. However, HO-1 mRNA/protein levels were still lower in HO-1(+/-) mice, which failed to achieve the degree of antioxidant hepatoprotection seen in CoPP-treated WT. Although the baseline and postreperfusion HO-1 levels correlated with the degree of protection, the HO-1 fold induction correlated instead with the degree of damage. Thus, basal HO-1 levels are more critical than the ability to up-regulate HO-1 in response to the IRI and may also predict the success of pharmacologically induced cytoprotection. This model provides an opportunity to further our understanding of HO-1 in stress defense mechanisms and design new regimens to prevent IRI.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sei-ichiro Tsuchihashi
- Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, Dumont-University of California Los Angeles Transplant Center, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Abstract
Many biological functions of heme oxygenase (HO), such as cytoprotection against oxidative stress, vasodilation, neurotransmission in the central or peripheral nervous systems, and anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, or anti-proliferative potential, have been attributed to its enzymatic byproduct carbon monoxide (CO), although roles for biliverdin/bilirubin and iron have also been proposed. In addition to these well-characterized effects, recent findings reveal that HO-derived CO may act as an oxygen sensor and circadian modulator of heme biosynthesis. In lymphocytes, CO may participate in regulatory T cell function. A number of the known signaling effects of CO depend on stimulation of soluble guanylate cyclase and/or activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). Furthermore, modulation of caveolin-1 status may serve as an essential component of certain aspects of CO action, such as growth control. In this review, we summarize recent findings of the beneficial or detrimental effects of endogenous CO with an emphasis on the signaling pathways and downstream targets that trigger the action of this gas.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Pyo Kim
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
26
|
Mei FJ, Osoegawa M, Ochi H, Minohara M, Nan S, Murai H, Ishizu T, Taniwaki T, Kira JI. Long-term favorable response to interferon beta-1b is linked to cytokine deviation toward the Th2 and Tc2 sides in Japanese patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Sci 2006; 246:71-7. [PMID: 16581087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2006.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2005] [Revised: 01/24/2006] [Accepted: 02/08/2006] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
To address the immune mechanism of the long-term beneficial effects of interferon beta (IFN-beta), we measured the intracellular cytokine production patterns of IFN-gamma, IL-4 and IL-13 in peripheral blood CD4+ and CD8+ T cells, which previously displayed alterations during the early course of IFN-beta treatment, in 15 Japanese patients after long-term IFN-beta administration. The patients were treated with IFN-beta-1b 8 x 10(6) units given subcutaneously every other day for a mean period of 34.5 +/- 5.5 months (range: 26-43 months). During the follow-up period, 6 patients experienced 33 relapses, while the other 9 were relapse-free. The results revealed the following cytokine alterations: (1) type 2 cytokine, such as IL-4 and IL-13, were significantly increased in producing cell percentages in both CD4+ (p = 0.0356 and p = 0.0007, respectively) and CD8+ (p = 0.0231 and p = 0.0170, respectively) T cells while IFN-gamma, a representative type 1 cytokine, was significantly decreased in the absolute producing cell numbers (p = 0.0125 in CD4+ T cells and p = 0.0022 in CD8+ T cells) even after approximately 3 years of IFN-beta administration; (2) the intracellular IFN-gamma / IL-4 ratio tended to decrease in both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells (p = 0.0535 and p = 0.0783, respectively), reflecting a strong downmodulation of type 1 cytokine producing cells; and importantly (3) alterations such as the decreased intracellular IFN-gamma / IL-4 ratio in CD4+ T cells and increased percentage of CD8+ IL-13+ T cells compared with the pretreatment levels were only statistically significant in MS patients without relapse during IFN-beta therapy (p = 0.0152 and p = 0.0078, respectively). Therefore, we consider that cytokine deviation toward the Th2 and Tc2 sides is linked to a long-term favorable response to IFN-beta, while a higher intracellular IFN-gamma / IL-4 ratio is associated with treatment failure.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Jun Mei
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Jung JH, Kim HR, Kim EJ, Hwang KE, Kim SY, Park JH, Kim HJ, Yang SH, Jeong ET. The Role of Heme Oxygenase-1 in Lung Cancer Cells. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2006. [DOI: 10.4046/trd.2006.60.3.304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Hoon Jung
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hak-Ryul Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Eun-Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Ki-Eun Hwang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - So-Young Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jung-Hyun Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Hwi-Jung Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Sei-Hoon Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Eun-Taik Jeong
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine Wonkwang University, Iksan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Melk A, Daniel V, Mehls O, Opelz G, Tönshoff B. Longitudinal Analysis of T???Helper Cell Phenotypes in Renal-Transplant Recipients Undergoing Growth Hormone Therapy. Transplantation 2004; 78:1792-801. [PMID: 15614153 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000147785.11967.1d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment with recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) in growth-retarded children after renal transplantation is effective, but there have been concerns regarding the safety of rhGH because of its possible immunomodulatory actions. We therefore evaluated the immune phenotypes of pediatric renal-transplant recipients and controls in response to rhGH with regard to a possible shift toward a T-helper (TH)1-type response. METHODS Intracellular cytokines, activation markers, costimulatory, and adhesion molecules were studied in 13 children after renal transplantation (Tx+GH). Children with chronic renal failure (CRF+GH, n=11) before and under rhGH therapy and pediatric renal-transplant recipients without rhGH therapy (Tx, n=33) served as controls. Measurements were performed by four-color flow cytometry before and 4, 12, 18 and 24 weeks after initiation of rhGH therapy. RESULTS Under baseline conditions, Tx+GH patients did not differ from Tx patients. During rhGH therapy in children with transplants, interleukin (IL)-2 production increased threefold at 4 weeks, and IL-4 and IL-13 increased by 70% at 12 weeks. All three cytokines returned to baseline after 18 weeks. No patient experienced rejection. In CRF+GH patients, baseline values for all investigated cytokines were higher than in patients with transplants but did not change in response to rhGH therapy. CONCLUSION Our data indicates that rhGH therapy in stable, pediatric renal-transplant recipients has a mild and transient immunostimulatory effect in vivo. Immunosuppression and graft function in patients with transplants undergoing rhGH treatment should therefore carefully be monitored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anette Melk
- Department of Transplantation Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Boutten A, Bonay M, Laribe S, Leseche G, Castier Y, Leçon-Malas V, Fournier M, Durand G, Aubier M, Dehoux M, Crestani B. Decreased expression of interleukin 13 in human lung emphysema. Thorax 2004; 59:850-4. [PMID: 15454650 PMCID: PMC1746852 DOI: 10.1136/thx.2004.025247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The overexpression of interferon (IFN)gamma or interleukin (IL)-13 in the adult murine lung induces the development of changes that mirror human lung emphysema. METHODS IL-13 and IFNgamma expression was determined in lung samples from five groups of PATIENTS severe emphysema without alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency (SE+, n = 10); severe emphysema with alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency (SE-, n = 5); mild localised emphysema (ME, n = 8); non-emphysema smokers (NE-S, n = 9), and non-emphysema non-smokers (NE-NS, n = 11). Lung IL-13 and IFNgamma mRNA were analysed by RT-PCR. Lung concentrations of IL-13 protein were assessed by ELISA. RESULTS The expression of IFNgamma mRNA was similar in patients with or without emphysema. IL-13 mRNA was markedly decreased in the SE+ group compared with the SE- (p = 0.04), ME (p = 0.02), and non-emphysema groups (p = 0.01). IL-13 mRNA correlated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (r = 0.5, p = 0.04) and arterial oxygen tension (r = 0.45, p = 0.03) in emphysema patients. In contrast to the non-emphysematous lung, IL-13 protein was below the detection limit of the assay in most emphysematous lung homogenates. CONCLUSION The lung IL-13 content is reduced in patients with severe emphysema without alpha(1)-antitrypsin deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Boutten
- LaboratINSERM U 408, Hôpital Bichat-Claude Bernard, 46 rue Henri Huchard, 75870 Paris, Cedex 18, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Kapturczak MH, Wasserfall C, Brusko T, Campbell-Thompson M, Ellis TM, Atkinson MA, Agarwal A. Heme oxygenase-1 modulates early inflammatory responses: evidence from the heme oxygenase-1-deficient mouse. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PATHOLOGY 2004; 165:1045-53. [PMID: 15331427 PMCID: PMC1618611 DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9440(10)63365-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 341] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Induction of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is protective in tissue injury in models of allograft rejection and vascular inflammation through either prevention of oxidative damage or via immunomodulatory effects. To examine the specific role of HO-1 in modulating the immune response, we examined the differences in immune phenotype between HO-1 knockout (HO-1(-/-)) and wild-type (HO-1(+/+)) mice. Consistent with previous findings, marked splenomegaly and fibrosis were observed in HO-1(-/-) mice. The lymph nodes of HO-1-deficient mice demonstrated a relative paucity of CD3- and B220-positive cells, but no such abnormalities were observed in the thymus. Flow cytometric analysis of isolated splenocytes demonstrated no differences in the proportions of T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes or monocytes/macrophages between the HO-1(-/-) and HO-1(+/+) mice. Significantly higher baseline serum IgM levels were observed in HO-1(-/-) versus HO-1(+/+) mice. Under mitogen stimulation with either lipopolysaccharide or anti-CD3/anti-CD28, HO-1(-/-) splenocytes secreted disproportionately higher levels of pro-inflammatory Th1 cytokines as compared to those from HO-1(+/+) mice. These findings demonstrate significant differences in the immune phenotype between the HO-1(-/-) and the HO-1(+/+) mice. The absence of HO-1 correlates with a Th1-weighted shift in cytokine responses suggesting a general pro-inflammatory tendency associated with HO-1 deficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthias H Kapturczak
- Division of Nephrology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham Alabama, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xia ZW, Zhou WP, Cui WJ, Zhang XH, Shen QX, Li YZ, Yu SC. Structure prediction and activity analysis of human heme oxygenase-1 and its mutant. World J Gastroenterol 2004; 10:2352-6. [PMID: 15285018 PMCID: PMC4576287 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v10.i16.2352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM: To predict wild human heme oxygenase-1 (whHO-1) and hHO-1 His25Ala mutant (△hHO-1) structures, to clone and express them and analyze their activities.
METHODS: Swiss-PdbViewer and Antheprot 5.0 were used for the prediction of structure diversity and physical-chemical changes between wild and mutant hHO-1. hHO-1 His25Ala mutant cDNA was constructed by site-directed mutagenesis in two plasmids of E. coli DH5α . Expression products were purified by ammonium sulphate precipitation and Q-Sepharose Fast Flow column chromatography, and their activities were measured.
RESULTS: rHO-1 had the structure of a helical fold with the heme sandwiched between heme-heme oxygenase-1 helices. Bond angle, dihedral angle and chemical bond in the active pocket changed after Ala25 was replaced by His25, but Ala25 was still contacting the surface and the electrostatic potential of the active pocket was negative. The mutated enzyme kept binding activity to heme. Two vectors pBHO-1 and pBHO-1(M) were constructed and expressed. Ammonium sulphate precipitation and column chromatography yielded 3.6-fold and 30-fold higher purities of whHO-1, respectively. The activity of △hHO-1 was reduced 91.21% after mutation compared with whHO-1.
CONCLUSION: Proximal His25 ligand is crucial for normal hHO-1 catalytic activity. △hHO-1 is deactivated by mutation but keeps the same binding site as whHO-1. △hHO-1 might be a potential inhibitor of whHO-1 for preventing neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Wei Xia
- Department of Pediatrics, Rui Jin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, 197 Rui Jin Er Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Ke B, Shen XD, Gao F, Busuttil RW, Kupiec-Weglinski JW. Interleukin 13 Gene Transfer in Liver Ischemia and Reperfusion Injury: Role of Stat6 and TLR4 Pathways in Cytoprotection. Hum Gene Ther 2004; 15:691-8. [PMID: 15242529 DOI: 10.1089/1043034041361244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) represents the major problem in clinical liver transplantation. We have shown that transcription of signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (Stat4) plays a key role in the mechanism of hepatic IRI, whereas local induction of interleukin 13 (IL-13) is cytoprotective. The disruption of innate Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) signaling prevents mouse livers from undergoing fulminant IRI. This study analyzes in vivo interplay between innate (TLR4) and adaptive (Stat6) immunity in Ad-IL-13 (recombinant adenovirus encoding IL-13) cytoprotection in hepatic IRI. Using a partial 90-min lobar warm ischemia model, groups of wild-type and Stat6-deficient knockout mice were assessed for the severity of hepatocellular damage at 6 hr postreperfusion. Unlike in wild-type mice, treatment of Stat6 knockout recipients with Ad-IL-13 failed to improve hepatic function/histology. The expression of mRNAs encoding tumor necrosis factor alpha/IL-1 beta and IL-2/interferon gamma remained depressed in the wild-type plus Ad-IL-13 group, but not in the Stat6 knockout plus Ad-IL-13 group. Ad-IL-13 increased antioxidant heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) expression and prevented TLR4 activation in livers of Stat6-competent (wild-type) mice. In contrast, low HO-1 expression and enhanced TLR4 expression were recorded in Stat6 knockout recipients despite Ad-IL-13 therapy. Thus (1) Stat6 is required for Ad-IL-13 to prevent IRI, and (2) depression of TLR4 activation is Stat6 dependent. In conclusion, the Stat6 pathway operates as a key negative regulator in the hepatic inflammatory ischemia-reperfusion response. This study outlines requirements for Ad-IL-13 use to maximize the organ donor pool through the use of liver transplants despite prolonged ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Ke
- Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Department of Surgery, and David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Yang ZF, Tsui TY, Ho DW, Tang TC, Fan ST. Heme oxygenase-1 potentiates the survival of small-for-size liver graft. Liver Transpl 2004; 10:784-93. [PMID: 15162474 DOI: 10.1002/lt.20142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
This study aims to clarify the role of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in small-for-size liver transplantation. Transplantation was performed using 40% small-for-size or 100% whole liver grafts in rats. When no treatment was given, over-expression of HO-1 was detected predominantly in the small-for-size grafts at 6 hours after reperfusion as compared to whole grafts in both syngeneic and allogeneic combinations. Recombinant adenoviral vector encoding HO-1 gene (AdHO-1) administered to donors 48 hours before transplantation enhanced HO-1 expression in both whole and small-for-size allografts, with a predominant augmentation in the small-for-size allografts, suggesting favorable conditions for the induction of HO-1 expression in small-for-size allografts. In close relation to the expression level of HO-1, AdHO-1 significantly prolonged both whole and small-for size allograft survivals, with a remarkable effect in the small-for-size allograft group. The prolongation of allograft survival was blocked by the HO-1 inhibitor (zinc protoprophyrin IX). The non-treated small-for-size allografts demonstrated impaired liver function during the early period after reperfusion, which could be improved by over-expression of HO-1, but reversed by the HO-1 inhibitor. The markedly increase expression HO-1 in small-for-size allografts was associated with lower levels of adhesion molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokines in the early phase after reperfusion. These findings support the beneficial effects of HO-1 on allograft survival. In conclusion, the ability of small-for-size grafts in the induction of HO-1 expression might facilitate their own survival in liver transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Fan Yang
- Centre for the Study of Liver Disease and Department of Surgery, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Sikorski EM, Hock T, Hill-Kapturczak N, Agarwal A. The story so far: Molecular regulation of the heme oxygenase-1 gene in renal injury. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2004; 286:F425-41. [PMID: 14761930 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00297.2003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Heme oxygenases (HOs) catalyze the rate-limiting step in heme degradation, resulting in the formation of iron, carbon monoxide, and biliverdin, the latter of which is subsequently converted to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. Recent attention has focused on the biological effects of product(s) of this enzymatic reaction, which have important antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and cytoprotective functions. Two major isoforms of the HO enzyme have been described: an inducible isoform, HO-1, and a constitutively expressed isoform, HO-2. A third isoform, HO-3, closely related to HO-2, has also been described. Several stimuli implicated in the pathogenesis of renal injury, such as heme, nitric oxide, growth factors, angiotensin II, cytokines, and nephrotoxins, induce HO-1. Induction of HO-1 occurs as an adaptive and beneficial response to these stimuli, as demonstrated by studies in renal and non-renal disease states. This review will focus on the molecular regulation of the HO-1 gene in renal injury and will highlight the interspecies differences, predominantly between the rodent and human HO-1 genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Sikorski
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, Hypertension and Transplantation, University of Florida, Gainesville, 32610, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Ke B, Shen XD, Gao F, Busuttil RW, Löwenstein PR, Castro MG, Kupiec-Weglinski JW. Gene therapy for liver transplantation using adenoviral vectors: CD40-CD154 blockade by gene transfer of CD40Ig protects rat livers from cold ischemia and reperfusion injury. Mol Ther 2004; 9:38-45. [PMID: 14741776 PMCID: PMC2913595 DOI: 10.1016/j.ymthe.2003.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver injury induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) is the prime factor in delayed or loss graft function following transplantation. CD4+ T lymphocytes are key cellular mediators of antigen-independent inflammatory response triggered by I/R. We attempted to modulate rat liver I/R injury by targeted gene therapy with CD40Ig, which blocks the CD40-CD154 costimulation pathway. One hundred percent of Ad-CD40Ig-pretreated orthotopic liver transplants (OLTs) subjected to 24 h of cold (4 degrees C) ischemia survived > 14 days (vs 50% in untreated/Ad-beta-gal groups). Ad-CD40Ig treatment decreased sGOT levels and depressed neutrophil infiltration, compared with controls. These functional data correlated with histological Suzuki's grading of hepatic injury, which in untreated/Ad-beta-gal groups showed severe necrosis (> 60%) and moderate to severe sinusoidal congestion; the Ad-CD40Ig-pretreated group revealed minimal sinusoidal congestion/necrosis. Unlike in controls, OLT expression of mRNA coding for IL-2/IFN-gamma remained depressed, whereas that of IL-4/IL-13 reciprocally increased in the Ad-CD40Ig group. Ad-CD40Ig reduced frequency of TUNEL+ cells and pro-apoptotic Caspase-3, but enhanced antioxidant HO-1 and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2/Bcl-xl expression. Thus, prolonged blockade of CD40-CD154 by CD40Ig exerts potent cytoprotection against hepatic I/R injury. These results provide the rationale for a novel gene therapy approach to maximize the organ donor pool through the safer use of liver transplants exposed to prolonged cold ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Ke
- Dumont–UCLA Transplant Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 957054, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Xiu-Da Shen
- Dumont–UCLA Transplant Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 957054, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Feng Gao
- Dumont–UCLA Transplant Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 957054, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Ronald W. Busuttil
- Dumont–UCLA Transplant Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 957054, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Pedro R. Löwenstein
- Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 957054, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Maria G. Castro
- Cedars–Sinai Medical Center, Gene Therapeutics Research Institute, 8700 Beverly Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA
- Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 957054, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | - Jerzy W. Kupiec-Weglinski
- Dumont–UCLA Transplant Center and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Box 957054, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ke B, Shen XD, Lassman CR, Gao F, Busuttil RW, Kupiec-Weglinski JW. Cytoprotective and antiapoptotic effects of IL-13 in hepatic cold ischemia/reperfusion injury are heme oxygenase-1 dependent. Am J Transplant 2003; 3:1076-82. [PMID: 12919086 DOI: 10.1034/j.1600-6143.2003.00147.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Liver injury caused by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) insult represents the major problem following orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). I/R damage has been linked to Th1-like cytokine producers. This study evaluates putative cytoprotective effects/mechanisms of Th2-type IL-13 gene transfer. IL-13 overexpression prevented hepatic insult in a rat model of 24 h cold ischemia followed by OLT, as assessed: (i) profoundly decreased hepatocellular damage (sGOT levels), and ameliorated histological signs of I/R injury (Suzuki criteria), consistent with long-term OLT survival; (ii) prevented hepatic apoptosis (TUNEL stains) and up-regulated expression of antiapoptotic (A20, Bcl-2/Bcl-xl)/antioxidant (HO-1) genes. However, inhibition of HO-1 with tin protoporphyrin reversed cytoprotective/antiapoptotic effects of IL-13. In conclusion, cytoprotection rendered by virally induced IL-13 against hepatic I/R injury in this clinically relevant rat hepatic cold I/R injury model was accomplished via decreased apoptosis and induction of antiapoptotic/antioxidant molecules. HO-1 neutralization studies suggest that HO-1 represents one of putative IL-13 downstream effectors. This study provides the rationale for novel approaches to maximize organ donor pool through the safer use of OLTs despite prolonged periods of cold ischemia.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Ke
- The Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Wagener FADTG, Volk HD, Willis D, Abraham NG, Soares MP, Adema GJ, Figdor CG. Different faces of the heme-heme oxygenase system in inflammation. Pharmacol Rev 2003; 55:551-71. [PMID: 12869663 DOI: 10.1124/pr.55.3.5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 422] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The heme-heme oxygenase system has recently been recognized to possess important regulatory properties. It is tightly involved in both physiological as well as pathophysiological processes, such as cytoprotection, apoptosis, and inflammation. Heme functions as a double-edged sword. In moderate quantities and bound to protein, it forms an essential element for various biological processes, but when unleashed in large amounts, it can become toxic by mediating oxidative stress and inflammation. The effect of this free heme on the vascular system is determined by extracellular factors, such as hemoglobin/heme-binding proteins, haptoglobin, albumin, and hemopexin, and intracellular factors, including heme oxygenases and ferritin. Heme oxygenase (HO) enzyme activity results in the degradation of heme and the production of iron, carbon monoxide, and biliverdin. All these heme-degradation products are potentially toxic, but may also provide strong cytoprotection, depending on the generated amounts and the microenvironment. Pre-induction of HO activity has been demonstrated to ameliorate inflammation and mediate potent resistance to oxidative injury. A better understanding of the complex heme-heme
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frank A D T G Wagener
- Department of Tumor Immunology, University Medical Center Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ke B, Shen XD, Lassman CR, Gao F, Katori M, Busuttil RW, Kupiec-Weglinski JW. Interleukin-13 gene transfer protects rat livers from antigen-independent injury induced by ischemia and reperfusion. Transplantation 2003; 75:1118-23. [PMID: 12717188 DOI: 10.1097/01.tp.0000062861.80771.d5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury is a prime inflammatory factor in the dysfunction of orthotopic liver transplants. Interleukin (IL)-13 suppresses macrophage production of proinflammatory mediators. This study explores the effects of adenovirus (Ad)-based IL-13 gene transfer in rat models of hepatic I/R injury. METHODS The authors used a model of warm in situ ischemia followed by reperfusion, and ex vivo cold ischemia followed by transplantation. RESULTS In a model of warm in situ ischemia followed by reperfusion, Ad-based IL-13 significantly diminished hepatocellular injury, assessed by serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels, as compared with Ad-based beta-galactosidase (gal)-treated livers. In a model of ex vivo cold ischemia followed by transplantation, the survival of liver grafts increased from 50% in Ad-beta-gal untreated controls to 100% after Ad-IL-13 gene therapy. This beneficial effect correlated with improved liver function (SGOT levels), preservation of hepatic histologic integrity and architecture (Suzuki criteria), and depression of neutrophil infiltration (myeloperoxidase assay). Ad-IL-13 diminished activation of macrophage-neutrophil-associated tumor necrosis factor-alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein-2, and endothelial-dependent E-selectin, but increased type 2 IL-4 and IL-13 expression. CONCLUSIONS This study documents striking cytoprotective effects of virally induced IL-13 against hepatic I/R injury in two clinically relevant rat models of hepatic I/R injury. These data provide the rationale for novel therapeutic approaches to maximize the organ donor pool through the safer use of liver transplants despite prolonged periods of warm or cold ischemia, or both.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bibo Ke
- Dumont-UCLA Transplant Center, Division of Liver and Pancreas Transplantation, Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|