1
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Eckhardt D, Dieken H, Loewe D, Grein TA, Salzig D, Czermak P. Purification of oncolytic measles virus by cation-exchange chromatography using resin-based stationary phases. SEP SCI TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/01496395.2021.1955267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dustin Eckhardt
- Department of cell culture technology, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Hauke Dieken
- Department of cell culture technology, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Daniel Loewe
- Department of cell culture technology, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen Germany
| | - Tanja A. Grein
- Department of cell culture technology, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Denise Salzig
- Department of cell culture technology, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter Czermak
- Department of cell culture technology, Institute of Bioprocess Engineering and Pharmaceutical Technology, University of Applied Sciences Mittelhessen, Giessen, Germany
- Faculty of Biology and Chemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen Germany
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2
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Yang DK, Kim HH, Lee S, Oh D, Yoo JY, Hyun BH. Development of indirect ELISA for the detection of canine adenovirus type 2 antibodies in dog sera. J Vet Sci 2020; 21:e63. [PMID: 32735100 PMCID: PMC7402943 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2020.21.e63] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Canine adenovirus type 2 (CAV-2) induces infectious laryngotracheitis in members of the family Canidae, including dogs. To date, no ELISA kits specific for CAV-2 antibody have been commercialized for dogs in Korea. Objectives We aimed to develop new indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) to perform rapid, accurate serological surveys of CAV-2 in dog serum samples. Methods In total, 165 serum samples were collected from dogs residing in Chungbuk and Gyeongbuk provinces between 2016 and 2018. The Korean CAV-2, named the APQA1701-40P strain, was propagated in Madin–Darby canine kidney cells and purified in an anion-exchange chromatography column for use as an antigen for I-ELISA. The virus-neutralizing antibody titers of CAV-2 in the dog sera were measured by virus neutralization (VN) test. Results We compared the results obtained between the VN and new I-ELISA tests. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of new I-ELISA were 98.6%, 86.4% and 97.0% compared with VN test, respectively. New I-ELISA was significantly correlated with VN (r = 0.91). Conclusions These results indicate that new I-ELISA is useful for sero-surveillance of CAV-2 in dog serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Kun Yang
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea.
| | - Ha Hyun Kim
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Siu Lee
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Dongryul Oh
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Jae Young Yoo
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea
| | - Bang Hun Hyun
- Viral Disease Research Division, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency (APQA), Ministry for Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (MAFRA), Gimcheon 39660, Korea
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3
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A Flow-Through Chromatographic Strategy for Hepatitis C Virus-Like Particles Purification. Processes (Basel) 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/pr8010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopharmaceuticals are currently becoming one of the fastest growing segments of the global pharmaceutical industry, being used in practically all branches of medicine from disease treatment to prevention. Virus-like particles (VLP) hold tremendous potential as a vaccine candidate due to their anticipated immunogenicity and safety profile when compared to inactivated or live attenuated viral vaccines. Nevertheless, there are several challenges yet to be solved in the development and manufacturing of these products, which ultimately can increase time to market. Suchlike virus-based products, the development of a platform approach is often hindered due to diversity and inherent variability of physicochemical properties of the product. In the present work, a flow-through chromatographic purification strategy for hepatitis C VLP expressed using the baculovirus-insect cell expression system was developed. The impact of operational parameters, such as residence time and ionic strength were studied using scaled-down models and their influence on the purification performance was described. The flow-through strategy herein reported made use of radial-flow chromatography columns packed with an anion exchanger and was compared with a bind and elute approach using the same chromatography media. Overall, by selecting the optimal operational setpoints, we were able to achieve higher VLP recoveries in the flow-through process (66% versus 37%) with higher removal of DNA, baculovirus and host-cell protein (92%, 99% and 50% respectively).
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4
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A novel method to purify adenovirus based on increasing salt concentrations in buffer. Eur J Pharm Sci 2019; 141:105090. [PMID: 31626964 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2019.105090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
With the rapid development of gene therapy, gene-based medicine with adenovirus as vectors has become a new method for disease treatment. However, there are still enormous challenges in the large-scale production of adenoviruses for clinical use. Recent reports show that ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) is an effective tool for the isolation and purification of adenovirus. However, during the separation and purification, host cell protein and DNA, as well as serum from the culture medium, can non-specifically occupy numerous binding sites of the chromatography packings, thereby reducing the binding between the adenovirus and packing media. We here report a novel method for highly efficient purification of adenoviruses by increasing the salt concentrations of the samples to be ultrafiltrated by tangential flow filtration, the diafiltration buffer, and the samples for IEC purification. This method could significantly remove a large amount of serum proteins and host cell proteins, increase the amount of sample loaded on the IEC column, and improve the binding of the adenovirus samples to the packing media. A purity of > 95% could be obtained after one chromatography operation, and the number of purification steps and the amount of used packing media were reduced. The method is simple, economical, and efficient, and has excellent applications.
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5
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Carvalho SB, Silva RJS, Moleirinho MG, Cunha B, Moreira AS, Xenopoulos A, Alves PM, Carrondo MJT, Peixoto C. Membrane‐Based Approach for the Downstream Processing of Influenza Virus‐Like Particles. Biotechnol J 2019; 14:e1800570. [DOI: 10.1002/biot.201800570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia B. Carvalho
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaOeiras Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da República 2780‐157 Oeiras Portugal
| | | | | | - Bárbara Cunha
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaOeiras Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da República 2780‐157 Oeiras Portugal
| | - Ana S. Moreira
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaOeiras Portugal
| | | | - Paula M. Alves
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaOeiras Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da República 2780‐157 Oeiras Portugal
| | | | - Cristina Peixoto
- iBET, Instituto de Biologia Experimental e TecnológicaOeiras Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António XavierUniversidade Nova de LisboaAv. da República 2780‐157 Oeiras Portugal
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6
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Fedosyuk S, Merritt T, Peralta-Alvarez MP, Morris SJ, Lam A, Laroudie N, Kangokar A, Wright D, Warimwe GM, Angell-Manning P, Ritchie AJ, Gilbert SC, Xenopoulos A, Boumlic A, Douglas AD. Simian adenovirus vector production for early-phase clinical trials: A simple method applicable to multiple serotypes and using entirely disposable product-contact components. Vaccine 2019; 37:6951-6961. [PMID: 31047679 PMCID: PMC6949866 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2019.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A variety of Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) compliant processes have been reported for production of non-replicating adenovirus vectors, but important challenges remain. Most clinical development of adenovirus vectors now uses simian adenoviruses or rare human serotypes, whereas reported manufacturing processes mainly use serotypes such as AdHu5 which are of questionable relevance for clinical vaccine development. Many clinically relevant vaccine transgenes interfere with adenovirus replication, whereas most reported process development uses selected antigens or even model transgenes such as fluorescent proteins which cause little such interference. Processes are typically developed for a single adenovirus serotype - transgene combination, requiring extensive further optimization for each new vaccine. There is a need for rapid production platforms for small GMP batches of non-replicating adenovirus vectors for early-phase vaccine trials, particularly in preparation for response to emerging pathogen outbreaks. Such platforms must be robust to variation in the transgene, and ideally also capable of producing adenoviruses of more than one serotype. It is also highly desirable for such processes to be readily implemented in new facilities using commercially available single-use materials, avoiding the need for development of bespoke tools or cleaning validation, and for them to be readily scalable for later-stage studies. Here we report the development of such a process, using single-use stirred-tank bioreactors, a transgene-repressing HEK293 cell - promoter combination, and fully single-use filtration and ion exchange components. We demonstrate applicability of the process to candidate vaccines against rabies, malaria and Rift Valley fever, each based on a different adenovirus serotype. We compare performance of a range of commercially available ion exchange media, including what we believe to be the first published use of a novel media for adenovirus purification (NatriFlo® HD-Q, Merck). We demonstrate the need for minimal process individualization for each vaccine, and that the product fulfils regulatory quality expectations. Cell-specific yields are at the upper end of those previously reported in the literature, and volumetric yields are in the range 1 × 1013 - 5 × 1013 purified virus particles per litre of culture, such that a 2-4 L process is comfortably adequate to produce vaccine for early-phase trials. The process is readily transferable to any GMP facility with the capability for mammalian cell culture and aseptic filling of sterile products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sofiya Fedosyuk
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Thomas Merritt
- Clinical Biomanufacturing Facility, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7JT, UK
| | | | - Susan J Morris
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Ada Lam
- Millipore (UK) Ltd. Bedfont Cross, Stanwell Road, TW14 8NX Feltham, UK
| | - Nicolas Laroudie
- Millipore SAS, 39 Route Industrielle de la Hardt, Molsheim 67120, France
| | | | - Daniel Wright
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - George M Warimwe
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7FZ, UK; KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, P.O. 230-80108 Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Phillip Angell-Manning
- Clinical Biomanufacturing Facility, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7JT, UK
| | - Adam J Ritchie
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Sarah C Gilbert
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK
| | - Alex Xenopoulos
- EMD Millipore Corporation, 80 Ashby Road, Bedford, MA 01730, USA
| | - Anissa Boumlic
- Millipore SAS, 39 Route Industrielle de la Hardt, Molsheim 67120, France
| | - Alexander D Douglas
- Jenner Institute, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7BN, UK.
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7
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Baker AT, Aguirre-Hernández C, Halldén G, Parker AL. Designer Oncolytic Adenovirus: Coming of Age. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:E201. [PMID: 29904022 PMCID: PMC6025169 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10060201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2018] [Revised: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
The licensing of talimogene laherparepvec (T-Vec) represented a landmark moment for oncolytic virotherapy, since it provided unequivocal evidence for the long-touted potential of genetically modified replicating viruses as anti-cancer agents. Whilst T-Vec is promising as a locally delivered virotherapy, especially in combination with immune-checkpoint inhibitors, the quest continues for a virus capable of specific tumour cell killing via systemic administration. One candidate is oncolytic adenovirus (Ad); it’s double stranded DNA genome is easily manipulated and a wide range of strategies and technologies have been employed to empower the vector with improved pharmacokinetics and tumour targeting ability. As well characterised clinical and experimental agents, we have detailed knowledge of adenoviruses’ mechanisms of pathogenicity, supported by detailed virological studies and in vivo interactions. In this review we highlight the strides made in the engineering of bespoke adenoviral vectors to specifically infect, replicate within, and destroy tumour cells. We discuss how mutations in genes regulating adenoviral replication after cell entry can be used to restrict replication to the tumour, and summarise how detailed knowledge of viral capsid interactions enable rational modification to eliminate native tropisms, and simultaneously promote active uptake by cancerous tissues. We argue that these designer-viruses, exploiting the viruses natural mechanisms and regulated at every level of replication, represent the ideal platforms for local overexpression of therapeutic transgenes such as immunomodulatory agents. Where T-Vec has paved the way, Ad-based vectors now follow. The era of designer oncolytic virotherapies looks decidedly as though it will soon become a reality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T Baker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
| | - Carmen Aguirre-Hernández
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Gunnel Halldén
- Centre for Molecular Oncology, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London EC1M 6BQ, UK.
| | - Alan L Parker
- Division of Cancer and Genetics, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK.
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8
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Ruščić J, Ambriović-Ristov A, Majhen D, Kolundžija S, Barut M, Benihoud K, Krajačić M. Manipulating adenoviral vector ion-exchange chromatography: Hexon versus fiber. J Sep Sci 2016; 39:4299-4304. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201600829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2016] [Revised: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Ruščić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Andreja Ambriović-Ristov
- Division of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signaling; Ruđer Bošković Institute; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Dragomira Majhen
- Division of Molecular Biology, Laboratory for Cell Biology and Signaling; Ruđer Bošković Institute; Zagreb Croatia
| | - Sandra Kolundžija
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
| | | | - Karim Benihoud
- Univ Paris-Sud; Orsay Cedex France
- CNRS UMR 8203, Vectorologie et thérapeutiques anticancéreuses; Gustave Roussy; Villejuif Cedex France
| | - Mladen Krajačić
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science; University of Zagreb; Zagreb Croatia
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9
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Krutzke L, Prill JM, Engler T, Schmidt CQ, Xu Z, Byrnes AP, Simmet T, Kreppel F. Substitution of blood coagulation factor X-binding to Ad5 by position-specific PEGylation: Preventing vector clearance and preserving infectivity. J Control Release 2016; 235:379-392. [PMID: 27302248 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2016.06.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The biodistribution of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) vector particles is heavily influenced by interaction of the particles with plasma proteins, including coagulation factor X (FX), which binds specifically to the major Ad5 capsid protein hexon. FX mediates hepatocyte transduction by intravenously-injected Ad5 vectors and shields vector particles from neutralization by natural antibodies and complement. In mice, mutant Ad5 vectors that are ablated for FX-binding become detargeted from hepatocytes, which is desirable for certain applications, but unfortunately such FX-nonbinding vectors also become sensitive to neutralization by mouse plasma proteins. To improve the properties of Ad5 vectors for systemic delivery, we developed a strategy to replace the natural FX shield by a site-specific chemical polyethylene glycol shield. Coupling of polyethylene glycol to a specific site in hexon hypervariable region 1 yielded vector particles that were protected from neutralization by natural antibodies and complement although they were unable to bind FX. These vector particles evaded macrophages in vitro and showed significantly improved pharmacokinetics and hepatocyte transduction in vivo. Thus, site-specific shielding of Ad5 vectors with polyethylene glycol rendered vectors FX-independent and greatly improved their properties for systemic gene therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Krutzke
- Department of Gene Therapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - J M Prill
- Department of Gene Therapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - T Engler
- Department of Gene Therapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - C Q Schmidt
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - Z Xu
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - A P Byrnes
- Division of Cellular and Gene Therapies, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - T Simmet
- Institute of Pharmacology of Natural Products and Clinical Pharmacology, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany
| | - F Kreppel
- Department of Gene Therapy, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
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10
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Ruščić J, Gutiérrez-Aguirre I, Tušek Žnidarič M, Kolundžija S, Slana A, Barut M, Ravnikar M, Krajačić M. A new application of monolithic supports: The separation of viruses from one another. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1388:69-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.01.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 01/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Nestola P, Martins DL, Peixoto C, Roederstein S, Schleuss T, Alves PM, Mota JPB, Carrondo MJT. Evaluation of novel large cut-off ultrafiltration membranes for adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) concentration. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115802. [PMID: 25546428 PMCID: PMC4278829 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/15/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The purification of virus particles and viral vectors for vaccine and gene therapy applications is gaining increasing importance in order to deliver a fast, efficient, and reliable production process. Ultrafiltration (UF) is a widely employed unit operation in bioprocessing and its use is present in several steps of the downstream purification train of biopharmaceuticals. However, to date few studies have thoroughly investigated the performance of several membrane materials and cut-offs for virus concentration/diafiltration. The present study aimed at developing a novel class of UF cassettes for virus concentration/diafiltration. A detailed study was conducted to evaluate the effects of (i) membrane materials, namely polyethersulfone (PES), regenerated cellulose (RC), and highly cross-linked RC (xRC), (ii) nominal cut-off, and (iii) UF device geometry at different production scales. The results indicate that the xRC cassettes with a cut-off of approximately 500 kDa are able to achieve a 10-fold concentration factor with 100% recovery of particles with a process time twice as fast as that of a commercially available hollow fiber. DNA and host cell protein clearances, as well as hydraulic permeability and fouling behavior, were also assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiuseppe Nestola
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Duarte L. Martins
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cristina Peixoto
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | | | - Tobias Schleuss
- Sartorius Stedim Biotech, Spindler-Strasse 11, 37079, Gottingen, Germany
| | - Paula M. Alves
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - José P. B. Mota
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Requimte/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
| | - Manuel J. T. Carrondo
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
- Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516, Caparica, Portugal
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12
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Nestola P, Silva RJS, Peixoto C, Alves PM, Carrondo MJT, Mota JPB. Adenovirus purification by two-column, size-exclusion, simulated countercurrent chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1347:111-21. [PMID: 24813933 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.04.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Revised: 04/18/2014] [Accepted: 04/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) was successfully separated by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC) using a simple, yet efficient, two-column, quasi-continuous, simulated moving-bed process operated in an open-loop configuration. The operating cycle is divided into two identical half-cycles, each of them consisting of the following sequence of sub-steps: (i) elution of the upstream column and direction of the effluent of the downstream column to waste; (ii) elution of the upstream column and redirection of its effluent to waste while the downstream column is fed with the clarified bioreaction bulk and its effluent collected as purified product; (iii) operation of the system as in step (i) but collecting the effluent of the downstream column as product; (iv) elution of the upstream column and direction of its effluent to waste while the flow through the downstream column is temporarily halted. Clearance of impurities, namely DNA and host cell protein (HCP), were experimentally assessed. The pilot-scale run yielded a virus recovery of 86%, and a clearance of 90% and 89% for DNA and HCP, respectively, without any fine tunning of the predetermined operating parameters. These figures compare very favorably against single-column batch chromatography for the same volume of size-exclusion resin. However, and most importantly, the virus yield was increased from 57% for the batch system to 86% for the two-column SEC process because of internal recycling of the mixed fractions of contaminated Ad5, even though the two-column process was operated strictly in an open-loop configuration. And last, but not least, the productivity was increased by 6-fold with the two-column process. In conclusion, the main drawbacks of size-exclusion chromatography, namely low productivity and low product titer, were overcome to a considerable extent by an innovative two-column configuration that keeps the mixed fractions inside the system at all times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piergiuseppe Nestola
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Ricardo J S Silva
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Cristina Peixoto
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Paula M Alves
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Manuel J T Carrondo
- Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal; Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal; Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - José P B Mota
- Requimte/CQFB, Departamento de Química, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica, Apartado 12, 2781-901 Oeiras, Portugal
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13
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Piccolo P, Vetrini F, Mithbaokar P, Grove NC, Bertin T, Palmer D, Ng P, Brunetti-Pierri N. SR-A and SREC-I are Kupffer and endothelial cell receptors for helper-dependent adenoviral vectors. Mol Ther 2013; 21:767-74. [PMID: 23358188 DOI: 10.1038/mt.2012.287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Helper-dependent adenoviral (HDAd) vectors can mediate long-term, high-level transgene expression from transduced hepatocytes with no chronic toxicity. However, a toxic acute response with potentially lethal consequences has hindered their clinical applications. Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs) and Kupffer cells are major barriers to efficient hepatocyte transduction. Understanding the mechanisms of adenoviral vector uptake by non-parenchymal cells may allow the development of strategies aimed at overcoming these important barriers and to achieve preferential hepatocyte gene transfer with reduced toxicity. Scavenger receptors on Kupffer cells bind adenoviral particles and remove them from the circulation, thus preventing hepatocyte transduction. In the present study, we show that HDAd particles interact in vitro and in vivo with scavenger receptor-A (SR-A) and with scavenger receptor expressed on endothelial cells-I (SREC-I) and we exploited this knowledge to increase the efficiency of hepatocyte transduction by HDAd vectors in vivo through blocking of SR-A and SREC-I with specific fragments antigen-binding (Fabs).
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14
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Segura MM, Puig M, Monfar M, Chillón M. Chromatography Purification of Canine Adenoviral Vectors. Hum Gene Ther Methods 2012; 23:182-97. [DOI: 10.1089/hgtb.2012.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- María Mercedes Segura
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Current address: Departament d'Enginyeria Química, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Meritxell Puig
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Mercè Monfar
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
| | - Miguel Chillón
- Center of Animal Biotechnology and Gene Therapy (CBATEG), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona 08193, Spain
- Institut Català de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
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15
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Iyer G, Ramaswamy S, Asher D, Mehta U, Leahy A, Chung F, Cheng KS. Reduced surface area chromatography for flow-through purification of viruses and virus like particles. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:3973-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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16
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Toro H, van Ginkel FW, Tang DCC, Schemera B, Rodning S, Newton J. Avian influenza vaccination in chickens and pigs with replication-competent adenovirus-free human recombinant adenovirus 5. Avian Dis 2010; 54:224-31. [PMID: 20521636 DOI: 10.1637/8773-033109-reg.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Protective immunity to avian influenza (AI) virus can be elicited in chickens by in ovo or intramuscular vaccination with replication-competent adenovirus (RCA)-free human recombinant adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) encoding AI virus H5 (AdTW68.H5) or H7 (AdCN94.H7) hemagglutinins. We evaluated bivalent in ovo vaccination with AdTW68.H5 and AdCN94.H7 and determined that vaccinated chickens developed robust hemagglutination inhibition (HI) antibody levels to both H5 and H7 AI strains. Additionally, we evaluated immune responses of 1-day-old chickens vaccinated via spray with AdCN94.H7. These birds showed increased immunoglobulin A responses in lachrymal fluids and increased interleukin-6 expression in Harderian gland-derived lymphocytes. However, specific HI antibodies were not detected in the sera of these birds. Because pigs might play a role as a "mixing vessel" for the generation of pandemic influenza viruses we explored the use of RCA-free adenovirus technology to immunize pigs against AI virus. Weanling piglets vaccinated intramuscularly with a single dose of RCA-free AdTW68.H5 developed strong systemic antibody responses 3 wk postvaccination. Intranasal application of AdTW68.H5 in piglets resulted in reduced vaccine coverage, i.e., 33% of pigs (2/6) developed an antibody response, but serum antibody levels in those successfully immunized animals were similar to intramuscularly vaccinated animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroldo Toro
- Department of Pathobiology, 264 Greene Hall, Auburn University, AL 36849, USA.
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17
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Smith JG, Silvestry M, Lindert S, Lu W, Nemerow GR, Stewart PL. Insight into the mechanisms of adenovirus capsid disassembly from studies of defensin neutralization. PLoS Pathog 2010; 6:e1000959. [PMID: 20585634 PMCID: PMC2891831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1000959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2010] [Accepted: 05/20/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Defensins are effectors of the innate immune response with potent antibacterial activity. Their role in antiviral immunity, particularly for non-enveloped viruses, is poorly understood. We recently found that human alpha-defensins inhibit human adenovirus (HAdV) by preventing virus uncoating and release of the endosomalytic protein VI during cell entry. Consequently, AdV remains trapped in the endosomal/lysosomal pathway rather than trafficking to the nucleus. To gain insight into the mechanism of defensin-mediated neutralization, we analyzed the specificity of the AdV-defensin interaction. Sensitivity to alpha-defensin neutralization is a common feature of HAdV species A, B1, B2, C, and E, whereas species D and F are resistant. Thousands of defensin molecules bind with low micromolar affinity to a sensitive serotype, but only a low level of binding is observed to resistant serotypes. Neutralization is dependent upon a correctly folded defensin molecule, suggesting that specific molecular interactions occur with the virion. CryoEM structural studies and protein sequence analysis led to a hypothesis that neutralization determinants are located in a region spanning the fiber and penton base proteins. This model was supported by infectivity studies using virus chimeras comprised of capsid proteins from sensitive and resistant serotypes. These findings suggest a mechanism in which defensin binding to critical sites on the AdV capsid prevents vertex removal and thereby blocks subsequent steps in uncoating that are required for release of protein VI and endosomalysis during infection. In addition to informing the mechanism of defensin-mediated neutralization of a non-enveloped virus, these studies provide insight into the mechanism of AdV uncoating and suggest new strategies to disrupt this process and inhibit infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason G. Smith
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Mariena Silvestry
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Steffen Lindert
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
| | - Wuyuan Lu
- Institute of Human Virology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Glen R. Nemerow
- Department of Immunology and Microbial Science, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California, United States of America
| | - Phoebe L. Stewart
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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18
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Understanding the mechanism of virus removal by Q sepharose fast flow chromatography during the purification of CHO-cell derived biotherapeutics. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 104:371-80. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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19
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Trilisky EI, Lenhoff AM. Flow-dependent entrapment of large bioparticles in porous process media. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 104:127-33. [PMID: 19459138 PMCID: PMC2782472 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The need for purification of biomolecules extends to larger bioparticles as well. For example, virus purification is required for production of many vaccines and gene delivery vectors, and understanding virus removal in porous media is also important in downstream processing of therapeutic proteins and in purification of water in soils. A convective entrapment mechanism for retention of large bioparticles is discussed here based on retention of such bioparticles in pore constrictions at high enough flow rates, even under non-binding conditions. A simple equation to predict whether such entrapment is expected to occur in a given system is derived based on a Péclet number that is proportional to the flow rate and to the cube of the bioparticle diameter. To test the theory, adenovirus was spiked onto chromatographic beds. As expected from the theory, under non-interacting conditions a progressively larger amount of virus becomes trapped with increasing flow rate. The entrapment is reversible upon flow rate reduction, which, within the proposed model, is based on the possibility of diffusive escape from pore constrictions. This mechanism can be exploited for virus purification or removal, and the theory is also consistent with the anecdotal evidence that monoliths and membranes are more difficult to clean than conventional chromatographic beds, especially at high flow rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Abraham M. Lenhoff
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Delaware Newark, DE 19716, USA
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20
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Toro H, Tang DC. Protection of chickens against avian influenza with nonreplicating adenovirus-vectored vaccine. Poult Sci 2009; 88:867-71. [PMID: 19276437 DOI: 10.3382/ps.2008-00333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Protective immunity against avian influenza (AI) virus has been elicited in chickens by single-dose in ovo or i.m. vaccination with a replication-competent adenovirus (Ad)-free human Ad vector encoding the AI virus A/Turkey/Wisconsin/68 H5 (AdTW68. H5) or the A/Chicken/New York/94 H7 (AdChNY94. H7) hemagglutinin (HA). The AdTW68.H5-vaccinated chickens were protected against both H5N1 and H5N2 highly pathogenic AI virus challenges. The AdChNY94. H7-vaccinated chickens were protected against an H7N3 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus challenge. Chickens vaccinated in ovo with AdTW68.H5 followed by posthatch i.m. vaccination with AdChNY94.H7 responded to both vaccinations, with robust antibody titers against both the H5 and H7 AI proteins. The use of a synthetic AI H5 HA gene codon optimized to match the tRNA pool found in chicken cells is more potent than the cognate H5 HA gene. Mass administration of this AI vaccine can be streamlined with available robotic in ovo injectors. In addition, Ad5-vectored vaccines can be produced rapidly and the safety margin of the nonreplicating vector is superior to that of a replicating counterpart. Furthermore, this mode of vaccination will not interfere with epidemiological surveys of natural AI infections. Finally, the demonstration that Ad-vectored vaccines can be administered repeatedly without appreciably losing potency highlights the commercial potential of this new class of vaccine in poultry.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Toro
- Department of Pathobiology, 264 Greene Hall, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
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21
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Strauss DM, Gorrell J, Plancarte M, Blank GS, Chen Q, Yang B. Anion exchange chromatography provides a robust, predictable process to ensure viral safety of biotechnology products. Biotechnol Bioeng 2009; 102:168-75. [DOI: 10.1002/bit.22051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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22
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Whitfield RJ, Battom SE, Barut M, Gilham DE, Ball PD. Rapid high-performance liquid chromatographic analysis of adenovirus type 5 particles with a prototype anion-exchange analytical monolith column. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1216:2725-9. [PMID: 19041094 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2008] [Revised: 11/02/2008] [Accepted: 11/04/2008] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
To support effective process development there is a requirement for rapid analytical methods that can identify and quantitate adenoviral particles throughout the manufacturing process, from cellular lysate through to purified adenovirus. An anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography method for the analysis of adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) particles has been developed using a novel quaternary amine monolithic column (Bio-Monolith QA, Agilent). The developed method separates intact Ad5 from contaminating proteins and DNA, thus allowing analysis of non-purified samples during process development. Regeneration conditions were incorporated to extend the functional life of the column. Once developed, the method was qualified according to performance criteria of repeatability, intermediate precision and linearity. The linear working range of analysis was established between 7.5 x 10(8) to at least 2.4 x 10(10) viral particles (3 x 10(10) to 9.6 x 10(11) viral particles/mL), with a correlation coefficient of 0.9992. Relative standard deviations (RSDs) for intra- and inter-day repeatability and precision for retention time and peak area were less than 1 and 2.5%, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert J Whitfield
- Eden Biodesign Ltd., National Biomanufacturing Centre, Estuary Business Park, Liverpool, UK
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23
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Peixoto C, Ferreira TB, Sousa MFQ, Carrondo MJT, Alves PM. Towards purification of adenoviral vectors based on membrane technology. Biotechnol Prog 2008; 24:1290-6. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.25] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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24
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Clearance of adenovirus by Kupffer cells is mediated by scavenger receptors, natural antibodies, and complement. J Virol 2008; 82:11705-13. [PMID: 18815305 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01320-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Kupffer cells (KCs) rapidly remove intravenously injected adenovirus (Ad) vectors from the circulation. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved could suggest strategies to improve Ad gene delivery by suppressing or evading KC uptake. We recently showed that clearance of Ad type 5 vectors by KCs does not involve the interaction of Ad with the well-established Ad receptors, namely, integrins or the coxsackievirus and Ad receptor (J. S. Smith, Z. Xu, J. Tian, S. C. Stevenson, and A. P. Byrnes, Hum. Gene Ther. 19:547-554, 2008). In the current study, we systematically quantified the contributions of various receptors and plasma proteins to the clearance of Ad by KCs. We found that scavenger receptors are a predominant mechanism for the clearance of Ad by KCs. In addition, we found that Ad is opsonized by natural immunoglobulin M antibodies and complement and that these opsonins play a contributory role in the clearance of Ad by KCs. We also examined additional mechanisms that have been postulated to be involved in the clearance of Ad, including the binding of Ad to platelets and vitamin K-dependent coagulation factors, but we found that neither of these were required for the clearance of Ad by KCs.
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25
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Konz JO, Pitts LR, Sagar SL. Scaleable purification of adenovirus vectors. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2008; 434:13-23. [PMID: 18470636 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-60327-248-3_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Adenovirus vectors currently are being evaluated in gene delivery studies ranging from prophylactic vaccination to therapeutic gene therapy. The quantity of purified virus required for these studies necessitate that purification methods must shift from classical density gradient ultracentrifugation to scaleable approaches. A methodology is described herein using batch centrifugation, tangential flow ultrafiltration, and chromatography to purify adenovirus particles at a scale of approximately 10(13) viral particles. This method has been demonstrated to easily scale an additional 40-fold. While purification of human adenovirus type 5 is exemplified, modifications are suggested for the purification of other serotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- John O Konz
- Bioprocess R&D, Merck & Co Inc, West Point, PA, USA
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26
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Protection of chickens against avian influenza with non-replicating adenovirus-vectored vaccine. Vaccine 2008; 26:2640-6. [PMID: 18384919 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2008.02.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2007] [Revised: 02/06/2008] [Accepted: 02/21/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protective immunity against avian influenza (AI) virus was elicited in chickens by single-dose vaccination with a replication competent adenovirus (RCA)-free human adenovirus (Ad) vector encoding an H7 AI hemagglutinin (AdChNY94.H7). Chickens vaccinated in ovo with an Ad vector encoding an AI H5 (AdTW68.H5) previously described, which were subsequently vaccinated intramuscularly with AdChNY94.H7 post-hatch, responded with robust antibody titers against both the H5 and H7 AI proteins. Antibody responses to Ad vector in ovo vaccination follow a dose-response kinetic. The use of a synthetic AI H5 gene codon optimized to match the chicken cell tRNA pool was more potent than the cognate H5 gene. The use of Ad-vectored vaccines to increase resistance of chicken populations against multiple AI strains could reduce the risk of an avian-originating influenza pandemic in humans.
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27
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Trilisky EI, Lenhoff AM. Sorption processes in ion-exchange chromatography of viruses. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1142:2-12. [PMID: 17240385 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.12.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 12/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Purified viruses are used in gene therapy and vaccine production. Ion-exchange chromatography (IEC) is the most common method for large-scale downstream purification of viruses and proteins. Published IEC protocols provide details for specific separations but not general methods for selecting operating parameters. To make the selection more systematic, we study adenovirus type 5 (Ad5) as a model virus and develop batch uptake and light scattering methods for optimizing the ionic strength and pH of adsorption, as well as providing heuristics for resin geometry. The static capacity for Ad5 was found to go through a maximum with increasing ionic strength. Comparison to a protein-resin system shows that resin capacity for the virus is at least an order of magnitude lower, even on a wide-pore resin. Virus penetration into the wide-pore resin is only partial and the uptake rate is an order of magnitude slower than the uptake onto a narrow-pore resin.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Trilisky
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716, USA
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28
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Toro H, Tang DCC, Suarez DL, Sylte MJ, Pfeiffer J, Van Kampen KR. Protective avian influenza in ovo vaccination with non-replicating human adenovirus vector. Vaccine 2006; 25:2886-91. [PMID: 17055126 PMCID: PMC2736859 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2006] [Revised: 09/06/2006] [Accepted: 09/12/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Protective immunity against avian influenza virus was elicited in chickens by single-dose in ovo vaccination with a non-replicating human adenovirus vector encoding an H5N9 avian influenza virus hemagglutinin. Vaccinated chickens were protected against both H5N1 (89% hemagglutinin homology; 68% protection) and H5N2 (94% hemagglutinin homology; 100% protection) highly pathogenic avian influenza virus challenges. This vaccine can be mass-administered using available robotic in ovo injectors which provide a major advantage over current vaccination regimens. In addition, this class of adenovirus-vectored vaccines can be produced rapidly with improved safety since they do not contain any replication-competent adenoviruses. Furthermore, this mode of vaccination is compatible with epidemiological surveys of natural avian influenza virus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haroldo Toro
- Department of Pathobiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
| | | | - David L. Suarez
- Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | - Matt J. Sylte
- Southeast Poultry Research Laboratory, Athens, GA 30605, USA
| | | | - Kent R. Van Kampen
- Vaxin Inc., Birmingham, AL 35211, USA
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +1 205 909 3737; fax: +1 205 943 6656. Email address: (K.R. Van Kampen)
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