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Maleki M, Shojaeiyan A, Mokhtassi-Bidgoli A. Differential responses of two fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) landraces pretreated with melatonin to prolonged drought stress and subsequent recovery. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:161. [PMID: 38429697 PMCID: PMC10908034 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-024-04835-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought impairs growth, disturbs photosynthesis, and induces senescence in plants, which results in crop productivity reduction and ultimately jeopardizes human food security. The objective of this study was to determine major parameters associated with drought tolerance and recovery ability of fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.), by examining differential biochemical and phenological responses and underlying enzyme activities as well as melatonin roles during drought stress and re-watering for two contrasting landraces. Moreover, the relative expression of three key genes involved in the biosynthesis pathway of diosgenin, including SQS, CAS, and BG, was investigated. RESULTS Depending on the conditions, drought stress enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and the osmoregulating compounds, non-enzymatic antioxidants, hydrogen peroxide content, and lipid peroxidation levels in most cases. Severe drought stress accelerated flowering time in Shushtar landrace (SHR) but had no significant effects on Varamin (VR). Pretreatment with melatonin delayed flowering time in SHR and caused high drought resistance in this landrace. Furthermore, melatonin significantly enhanced drought adaptability in VR by improving plant recovery ability. DISCUSSION Based on our results plants' responses to drought stress and melatonin pretreatment were completely landrace-specific. Drought stress caused an increase in the relative expression of CAS gene and ultimately the accumulation of steroidal saponins in SHR. Melatonin compensated for the decrease in biomass production due to drought stress and finally increased steroidal saponins performance in SHR. Our study showed that melatonin can improve drought stress and recovery in fenugreek, but different factors such as genotype, melatonin concentration, and plant age should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Maleki
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolali Shojaeiyan
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Ali Mokhtassi-Bidgoli
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
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Gao S, Xu J, Song W, Dong J, Xie L, Xu B. Overexpression of BnMYBL2-1 improves plant drought tolerance via the ABA-dependent pathway. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 207:108293. [PMID: 38181638 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major environmental challenge that poses considerable threats to crop survival and growth. Previous research has indicated anthocyanins play a crucial role in alleviating oxidative damage, photoprotection, membrane stabilization, and water retention under drought stress. However, the presence of MYBL2 (MYELOBBLASTOSIS LIKE 2), an R3-MYB transcription factor (TF) which known to suppress anthocyanin biosynthesis. In this study, four BnMYBL2 members were cloned from Brassica napus L, and BnMYBL2-1 was overexpressed in Triticum aestivum L (No BnMYBL2 homologous gene was detected in wheat). Subsequently, the transgenic wheat lines were treated with drought, ABA and anthocyanin. Results showed that transgenic lines exhibited greater drought tolerance compared to the wild-type (WT), characterized by improved leaf water content (LWC), elevated levels of soluble sugars and chlorophyll, and increased antioxidant enzyme activity. Notably, transgenic lines also exhibited significant upregulation in abscisic acid (ABA) content, along with the transcriptional levels of key enzymes involved in ABA signalling under drought. Results also demonstrated that BnMYBL2-1 promoted the accumulation of ABA and anthocyanins in wheat. Overall, the study highlights the positive role of BnMYBL2-1 in enhancing crop drought tolerance through ABA signalling and establishes its close association with anthocyanin biosynthesis. These findings offer valuable insights for the development of drought-resistant crop varieties and enhance the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying plant responses to drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofan Gao
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434022, China
| | - Jinsong Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434022, China; College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434022, China
| | - Wei Song
- Henan Province Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Rehabilitation Technology, Henan University of Urban Construction, Henan, 467036, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Food Crop Germplasm and Genetic Improvement, Hubei, 430072, China
| | - Lingli Xie
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434022, China; College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434022, China.
| | - Benbo Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Waterlogging Disaster and Agricultural Use of Wetland, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434022, China; College of Agriculture, Yangtze University, Hubei, 434022, China.
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3
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Lee Z, Kim S, Choi SJ, Joung E, Kwon M, Park HJ, Shim JS. Regulation of Flowering Time by Environmental Factors in Plants. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3680. [PMID: 37960036 PMCID: PMC10649094 DOI: 10.3390/plants12213680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
The timing of floral transition is determined by both endogenous molecular pathways and external environmental conditions. Among these environmental conditions, photoperiod acts as a cue to regulate the timing of flowering in response to seasonal changes. Additionally, it has become clear that various environmental factors also control the timing of floral transition. Environmental factor acts as either a positive or negative signal to modulate the timing of flowering, thereby establishing the optimal flowering time to maximize the reproductive success of plants. This review aims to summarize the effects of environmental factors such as photoperiod, light intensity, temperature changes, vernalization, drought, and salinity on the regulation of flowering time in plants, as well as to further explain the molecular mechanisms that link environmental factors to the internal flowering time regulation pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zion Lee
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Sohyun Kim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Su Jeong Choi
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Eui Joung
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
| | - Moonhyuk Kwon
- Division of Life Science, ABC-RLRC, PMBBRC, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hee Jin Park
- Department of Biological Sciences and Research Center of Ecomimetics, College of Natural Sciences, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Sung Shim
- School of Biological Sciences and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; (Z.L.); (S.K.); (S.J.C.); (E.J.)
- Institute of Synthetic Biology for Carbon Neutralization, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
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Xu D, Tang Q, Xu P, Schäffner AR, Leister D, Kleine T. Response of the organellar and nuclear (post)transcriptomes of Arabidopsis to drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1220928. [PMID: 37528975 PMCID: PMC10387551 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1220928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to cope with drought, which involve massive changes in nuclear gene expression. However, little is known about the roles of post-transcriptional processing of nuclear or organellar transcripts and how meaningful these changes are. To address these issues, we used RNA-sequencing after ribosomal RNA depletion to monitor (post)transcriptional changes during different times of drought exposure in Arabidopsis Col-0. Concerning the changes detected in the organellar transcriptomes, chloroplast transcript levels were globally reduced, editing efficiency dropped, but splicing was not affected. Mitochondrial transcripts were slightly elevated, while editing and splicing were unchanged. Conversely, alternative splicing (AS) affected nearly 1,500 genes (9% of expressed nuclear genes). Of these, 42% were regulated solely at the level of AS, representing transcripts that would have gone unnoticed in a microarray-based approach. Moreover, we identified 927 isoform switching events. We provide a table of the most interesting candidates, and as proof of principle, increased drought tolerance of the carbonic anhydrase ca1 and ca2 mutants is shown. In addition, altering the relative contributions of the spliced isoforms could increase drought resistance. For example, our data suggest that the accumulation of a nonfunctional FLM (FLOWERING LOCUS M) isoform and not the ratio of FLM-ß and -δ isoforms may be responsible for the phenotype of early flowering under long-day drought conditions. In sum, our data show that AS enhances proteome diversity to counteract drought stress and represent a valuable resource that will facilitate the development of new strategies to improve plant performance under drought.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duorong Xu
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Qian Tang
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ping Xu
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Anton R. Schäffner
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, München, Germany
| | - Dario Leister
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Tatjana Kleine
- Plant Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
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Trovato M, Brini F, Mseddi K, Rhizopoulou S, Jones MA. A holistic and sustainable approach linked to drought tolerance of Mediterranean crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1167376. [PMID: 37396645 PMCID: PMC10308116 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1167376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/04/2023]
Abstract
The rapid increase in average temperatures and the progressive reduction in rainfalls caused by climate change is reducing crop yields worldwide, particularly in regions with hot and semi-arid climates such as the Mediterranean area. In natural conditions, plants respond to environmental drought stress with diverse morphological, physiological, and biochemical adaptations in an attempt to escape, avoid, or tolerate drought stress. Among these adaptations to stress, the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) is of pivotal importance. Many biotechnological approaches to improve stress tolerance by increasing the exogenous or endogenous content of ABA have proved to be effective. In most cases the resultant drought tolerance is associated with low productivity incompatible with the requirements of modern agriculture. The on-going climate crisis has provoked the search for strategies to increase crop yield under warmer conditions. Several biotechnological strategies, such as the genetic improvement of crops or the generation of transgenic plants for genes involved in drought tolerance, have been attempted with unsatisfactory results suggesting the need for new approaches. Among these, the genetic modification of transcription factors or regulators of signaling cascades provide a promising alternative. To reconcile drought tolerance with crop yield, we propose mutagenesis of genes controlling key signaling components downstream of ABA accumulation in local landraces to modulate responses. We also discuss the advantages of tackling this challenge with a holistic approach involving different knowledge and perspectives, and the problem of distributing the selected lines at subsidized prices to guarantee their use by small family farms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Trovato
- Department of Biology and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Faiçal Brini
- Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory, Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax (CBS), Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Khalil Mseddi
- Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax, Sfax, Tunisia
| | - Sophia Rhizopoulou
- Department of Biology, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Matthew Alan Jones
- School of Molecular Biosciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
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Cipriano R, Martins JPR, Conde LT, da Silva MM, Silva DM, Gontijo ABPL, Falqueto AR. Anatomical and physiological responses of Aechmea blanchetiana (Bromeliaceae) induced by silicon and sodium chloride stress during in vitro culture. PeerJ 2023; 11:e14624. [PMID: 36647445 PMCID: PMC9840392 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.14624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the most severe abiotic stresses affecting plant growth and development. The application of silicon (Si) is an alternative that can increase the tolerance of plants to various types of biotic and abiotic stresses. The objective was to evaluate salt stress's effect in vitro and Si's mitigation potential on Aechmea blanchetiana plants. For this purpose, plants already established in vitro were transferred to a culture medium with 0 or 14 µM of Si (CaSiO3). After growth for 30 days, a stationary liquid medium containing different concentrations of NaCl (0, 100, 200, or 300 µM) was added to the flasks. Anatomical and physiological analyses were performed after growth for 45 days. The plants cultivated with excess NaCl presented reduced root diameter and effective photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II (PSII) (ΦPSII) and increased non-photochemical dissipation of fluorescence (qN). Plants that grew with the presence of Si also had greater content of photosynthetic pigments and activity of the enzymes of the antioxidant system, as well as higher values of maximum quantum yield of PSII (FV/FM), photochemical dissipation coefficient of fluorescence (qP) and fresh weight bioaccumulation of roots and shoots. The anatomical, physiological and biochemical responses, and growth induced by Si mitigated the effect of salt stress on the A. blanchetiana plants cultivated in vitro, which can be partly explained by the tolerance of this species to grow in sandbank (Restinga) areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosiane Cipriano
- Plant Ecophysiology Laboratory, Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil,Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Lorenzo Toscano Conde
- Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Mariela Mattos da Silva
- Center for the Study of Photosynthesis, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Diolina Moura Silva
- Center for the Study of Photosynthesis, Federal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | | | - Antelmo Ralph Falqueto
- Plant Ecophysiology Laboratory, Federal University of Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
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Choi SJ, Lee Z, Kim S, Jeong E, Shim JS. Modulation of lignin biosynthesis for drought tolerance in plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1116426. [PMID: 37152118 PMCID: PMC10157170 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1116426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Lignin is a complex polymer that is embedded in plant cell walls to provide physical support and water protection. For these reasons, the production of lignin is closely linked with plant adaptation to terrestrial regions. In response to developmental cues and external environmental conditions, plants use an elaborate regulatory network to determine the timing and location of lignin biosynthesis. In this review, we summarize the canonical lignin biosynthetic pathway and transcriptional regulatory network of lignin biosynthesis, consisting of NAC and MYB transcription factors, to explain how plants regulate lignin deposition under drought stress. Moreover, we discuss how the transcriptional network can be applied to the development of drought tolerant plants.
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8
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Cahyo AN, Murti RH, Putra ETS, Oktavia F, Ismawanto S, Montoro P. Rubber Genotypes with Contrasting Drought Factor Index Revealed Different Mechanisms for Drought Resistance in Hevea brasiliensis. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3563. [PMID: 36559675 PMCID: PMC9781094 DOI: 10.3390/plants11243563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
It is predicted that drought will be more frequent and sustained in the future, which may affect the decline of rubber tree production. Therefore, it is critical to research some of the variables related to the drought-resistance mechanism of the rubber tree. As a result, it can be used to guide the selection of new rubber drought-resistance clones. The goal of this study was to identify drought-resistance mechanisms in rubber clones from the high drought factor index (DFI) group using ecophysiological and biochemical variables. The treatments consist of two factors, namely water deficit and contrasting clones based on the DFI variable. The first factor consisted of three levels, namely normal (fraction of transpirable soil water (FTSW) > 0.75), severe water deficit (0.1 < FTSW < 0.20), and recovery condition (FTSW > 0.75 after rewatering). The second factor consisted of seven clones, namely clones G239, GT1 (low DFI), G127, SP 217, PB 260 (moderate DFI), as well as G206 and RRIM 600 (high DFI). RRIM 600 had the highest DFI among the other clones as a drought-tolerance mechanism characteristic. Furthermore, clones RRIM 600, GT1, and G127 had lower stomatal conductance and transpiration rate than drought-sensitive clone PB 260. As a result, as drought avoidance mechanisms, clones RRIM 600, GT1, and G127 consume less water than clone PB 260. These findings indicated that clone RRIM 600 was a drought-resistant clone with drought tolerance and avoidance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andi Nur Cahyo
- Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Sembawa, Banyuasin 30953, Indonesia
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Rudi Hari Murti
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Fetrina Oktavia
- Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Sembawa, Banyuasin 30953, Indonesia
| | - Sigit Ismawanto
- Indonesian Rubber Research Institute, Sembawa, Banyuasin 30953, Indonesia
| | - Pascal Montoro
- CIRAD, UMR AGAP Institut, F-34398 Montpellier, France
- CIRAD, INRAE, UMR AGAP Institut, Institut Agro, University Montpellier, F-34398 Montpellier, France
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Ginzburg DN, Bossi F, Rhee SY. Uncoupling differential water usage from drought resistance in a dwarf Arabidopsis mutant. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 190:2115-2121. [PMID: 36053183 PMCID: PMC9706424 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the molecular and physiological mechanisms of how plants respond to drought is paramount to breeding more drought-resistant crops. Certain mutations or allelic variations result in plants with altered water-use requirements. To correctly identify genetic differences which confer a drought phenotype, plants with different genotypes must be subjected to equal levels of drought stress. Many reports of advantageous mutations conferring drought resistance do not control for soil water content (SWC) variations across genotypes and may therefore need to be re-examined. Here, we reassessed the drought phenotype of the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) dwarf mutant, chiquita1-1 (chiq1-1, also called constitutively stressed 1 (cost1)), by growing mutant seedlings together with the wild-type to ensure uniform soil water availability across genotypes. Our results demonstrate that the dwarf phenotype conferred by loss of CHIQ1 function results in constitutively lower water usage per plant, but not increased drought resistance. Our study provides an easily reproducible, low-cost method to measure and control for SWC and to compare drought-resistant genotypes more accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel N Ginzburg
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Flavia Bossi
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Seung Y Rhee
- Department of Plant Biology, Carnegie Institution for Science, Stanford, CA, USA
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Li M, Li H, Sun A, Wang L, Ren C, Liu J, Gao X. Transcriptome analysis reveals key drought-stress-responsive genes in soybean. Front Genet 2022; 13:1060529. [PMID: 36518213 PMCID: PMC9742610 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.1060529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 08/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought is the most common environmental stress and has had dramatic impacts on soybean (Glycine max L.) growth and yield worldwide. Therefore, to investigate the response mechanism underlying soybean resistance to drought stress, the drought-sensitive cultivar "Liaodou 15" was exposed to 7 (mild drought stress, LD), 17 (moderate drought stress, MD) and 27 (severe drought stress, SD) days of drought stress at the flowering stage followed by rehydration until harvest. A total of 2214, 3684 and 2985 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in LD/CK1, MD/CK2, and SD/CK3, respectively, were identified by RNA-seq. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) revealed the drought-response TFs such as WRKY (Glyma.15G021900, Glyma.15G006800), MYB (Glyma.15G190100, Glyma.15G237900), and bZIP (Glyma.15G114800), which may be regulated soybean drought resistance. Second, Glyma.08G176300 (NCED1), Glyma.03G222600 (SDR), Glyma.02G048400 (F3H), Glyma.14G221200 (CAD), Glyma.14G205200 (C4H), Glyma.19G105100 (CHS), Glyma.07G266200 (VTC) and Glyma.15G251500 (GST), which are involved in ABA and flavonoid biosynthesis and ascorbic acid and glutathione metabolism, were identified, suggesting that these metabolic pathways play key roles in the soybean response to drought. Finally, the soybean yield after rehydration was reduced by 50% under severe drought stress. Collectively, our study deepens the understanding of soybean drought resistance mechanisms and provides a theoretical basis for the soybean drought resistance molecular breeding and effectively adjusts water-saving irrigation for soybean under field production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingqian Li
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hainan Li
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Anni Sun
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Liwei Wang
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chuanyou Ren
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jiang Liu
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xining Gao
- College of Agronomy, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, China
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Agrometeorological Disasters, Shenyang, China
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Liu H, Song S, Zhang H, Li Y, Niu L, Zhang J, Wang W. Signaling Transduction of ABA, ROS, and Ca 2+ in Plant Stomatal Closure in Response to Drought. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314824. [PMID: 36499153 PMCID: PMC9736234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Drought is a global threat that affects agricultural production. Plants have evolved several adaptive strategies to cope with drought. Stomata are essential structures for plants to control water status and photosynthesis rate. Stomatal closure is an efficient way for plants to reduce water loss and improve survivability under drought conditions. The opening and closure of stomata depend on the turgor pressure in guard cells. Three key signaling molecules, including abscisic acid (ABA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and calcium ion (Ca2+), play pivotal roles in controlling stomatal closure. Plants sense the water-deficit signal mainly via leaves and roots. On the one hand, ABA is actively synthesized in root and leaf vascular tissues and transported to guard cells. On the other hand, the roots sense the water-deficit signal and synthesize CLAVATA3/EMBRYO-SURROUNDING REGION RELATED 25 (CLE25) peptide, which is transported to the guard cells to promote ABA synthesis. ABA is perceived by pyrabactin resistance (PYR)/PYR1-like (PYL)/regulatory components of ABA receptor (RCAR) receptors, which inactivate PP2C, resulting in activating the protein kinases SnRK2s. Many proteins regulating stomatal closure are activated by SnRK2s via protein phosphorylation. ABA-activated SnRK2s promote apoplastic ROS production outside of guard cells and transportation into the guard cells. The apoplastic H2O2 can be directly sensed by a receptor kinase, HYDROGEN PEROXIDE-INDUCED CA2+ INCREASES1 (HPCA1), which induces activation of Ca2+ channels in the cytomembrane of guard cells, and triggers an increase in Ca2+ in the cytoplasm of guard cells, resulting in stomatal closure. In this review, we focused on discussing the signaling transduction of ABA, ROS, and Ca2+ in controlling stomatal closure in response to drought. Many critical genes are identified to have a function in stomatal closure under drought conditions. The identified genes in the process can serve as candidate genes for genetic engineering to improve drought resistance in crops. The review summarizes the recent advances and provides new insights into the signaling regulation of stomatal closure in response to water-deficit stress and new clues on the improvement of drought resistance in crops.
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12
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Peršić V, Ament A, Antunović Dunić J, Drezner G, Cesar V. PEG-induced physiological drought for screening winter wheat genotypes sensitivity - integrated biochemical and chlorophyll a fluorescence analysis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:987702. [PMID: 36311092 PMCID: PMC9597320 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.987702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to screen different winter wheat genotypes at the onset of metabolic changes induced by water deficit to comprehend possible adaptive features of photosynthetic apparatus function and structure to physiological drought. The drought treatment was the most influential variable affecting plant growth and relative water content, and genotype variability determined with what intensity varieties of winter wheat seedlings responded to water deficit. PEG-induced drought, as expected, changed phenomenological energy fluxes and the efficiency with which an electron is transferred to final PSI acceptors. Based on the effect size, fluorescence parameters were grouped to represent photochemical parameters, that is, the donor and acceptor side of PSII (PC1); the thermal phase of the photosynthetic process, or the electron flow around PSI, and the chain of electrons between PSII and PSI (PC2); and phenomenological energy fluxes per cross-section (PC3). Furthermore, four distinct clusters of genotypes were discerned based on their response to imposed physiological drought, and integrated analysis enabled an explanation of their reactions' specificity. The most reliable JIP-test parameters for detecting and comparing the drought impact among tested genotypes were the variable fluorescence at K, L, I step, and PITOT. To conclude, developing and improving screening methods for identifying and evaluating functional relationships of relevant characteristics that are useful for acclimation, acclimatization, and adaptation to different types of drought stress can contribute to the progress in breeding research of winter wheat drought-tolerant lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Peršić
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Anita Ament
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | | | - Georg Drezner
- Department of Small Cereal Crops, Agricultural Institute Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Vera Cesar
- Department of Biology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
- Faculty of Dental Medicine and Health, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
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13
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Koua AP, Oyiga BC, Dadshani S, Benaouda S, Sadeqi MB, Rascher U, Léon J, Ballvora A. Chromosome 3A harbors several pleiotropic and stable drought-responsive alleles for photosynthetic efficiency selected through wheat breeding. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e438. [PMID: 36091876 PMCID: PMC9440346 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is the most severe stress factor in crop production threatening global food security. In this study, we evaluated the genetic variation in photosynthetic traits among 200 wheat cultivars evaluated under drought and rainfed conditions. Significant genotypic, treatments, and their interaction effects were detected for chlorophyll content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. Drought stress reduced the effective quantum yield of photosystem II (YII) from the anthesis growth stage on. Leaf chlorophyll content measured at anthesis growth stages was significantly correlated with YII and non-photochemical quenching under drought conditions, suggesting that high throughput chlorophyll content screening can serve as a good indicator of plant drought tolerance status in wheat. Breeding significantly increased the photosynthetic efficiency as newer released genotypes had higher YII and chlorophyll content than the older ones. GWAS identified a stable drought-responsive QTL on chromosome 3A for YII, while under rainfed conditions, it detected another QTL on chromosome 7A for chlorophyll content across both growing seasons. Molecular analysis revealed that the associated alleles of AX-158576783 (515.889 Mbp) on 3A co-segregates with the NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (TraesCS3A02G287600) gene involved in ATP synthesis coupled electron transport and is proximal to WKRY transcription factor locus. This allele on 3A has been positively selected through breeding and has contributed to increasing the grain yield.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Said Dadshani
- INRES PflanzenzüchtungRheinische Friedrich Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
| | - Salma Benaouda
- INRES PflanzenzüchtungRheinische Friedrich Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
| | | | | | - Jens Léon
- INRES PflanzenzüchtungRheinische Friedrich Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
- Field Lab Campus Klein‐AltendorfUniversity of BonnRheinbachGermany
| | - Agim Ballvora
- INRES PflanzenzüchtungRheinische Friedrich Wilhelms UniversityBonnGermany
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14
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Mohr T, Horstman J, Gu YQ, Elarabi NI, Abdallah NA, Thilmony R. CRISPR-Cas9 Gene Editing of the Sal1 Gene Family in Wheat. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11172259. [PMID: 36079639 PMCID: PMC9460255 DOI: 10.3390/plants11172259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The highly conserved Sal1 encodes a bifunctional enzyme with inositol polyphosphate-1-phosphatase and 3′ (2′), 5′-bisphosphate nucleotidase activity and has been shown to alter abiotic stress tolerance in plants when disrupted. Precise gene editing techniques were used to generate Sal1 mutants in hexaploid bread wheat. The CRISPR (Clustered Regulatory Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) Cas9 system with three guide RNAs (gRNAs) was used to inactivate six Sal1 homologous genes within the Bobwhite wheat genome. The resulting mutant wheat plants with all their Sal1 genes disabled had slimmer stems, had a modest reduction in biomass and senesced more slowly in water limiting conditions, but did not exhibit improved yield under drought conditions. Our results show that multiplexed gRNAs enabled effective targeted gene editing of the Sal1 gene family in hexaploid wheat. These Sal1 mutant wheat plants will be a resource for further research studying the function of this gene family in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toni Mohr
- USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Genetics Unit, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - James Horstman
- USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Genetics Unit, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Yong Q. Gu
- USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Genetics Unit, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Nagwa I. Elarabi
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Naglaa A. Abdallah
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza 12613, Egypt
| | - Roger Thilmony
- USDA-ARS, Crop Improvement and Genetics Unit, Albany, CA 94710, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(510)-559-5761
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15
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Chen XM, Li FY, Dong S, Liu XF, Li BB, Xiao ZD, Deng T, Wang YB, Shen S, Zhou SL. Stubby or Slender? Ear Architecture Is Related to Drought Resistance in Maize. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:901186. [PMID: 35769293 PMCID: PMC9235860 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.901186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ear architecture is determined by two stable heritable traits, kernel row number (KRN) and kernel number per row (KNPR), but its relationship with drought resistance is still vague. To this end, we obtained 16 and 11 hybrids with slender (less KRN but more KNPR) and stubby (more KRN but less KNPR) ears by intentionally crossbreeding, respectively. These hybrids were exposed to a seven-day water deficit (WD) since silk emergence coupled with synchronous (SP) and continuous pollination (CP) to alter the pollination time gaps on ears. The results showed that the emerged silks in CP were 9.1 and 9.0% less than in the SP treatment in the stubby and slender ears, respectively, suggesting the suppression of asynchronous pollination on silk emergence. The stubby ears performed higher silking rate and yield compared with the slender ears with or without drought stress. To eliminate the inherent difference in sink capacities, we selected four hybrids for each ear type with similar silk and kernel numbers for further analyses. Interestingly, the stubby ears were less affected in silking rate and thus performed higher yield under drought compared with the slender ears. The finding suggests that ear architecture matters in the determination of drought resistance that deserves more attention in breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Min Chen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng-Yuan Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Dong
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Fang Liu
- Corn Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Bin-Bin Li
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zu-Dong Xiao
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Deng
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Bo Wang
- Corn Research Institute, Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shenyang, China
| | - Si Shen
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Innovation Center of Agricultural Technology for Lowland Plain of Hebei, Wuqiao, China
| | - Shun-Li Zhou
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Innovation Center of Agricultural Technology for Lowland Plain of Hebei, Wuqiao, China
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16
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Li Q, Gu L, Song J, Li C, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Pang Y, Zhang B. Physiological and transcriptome analyses highlight multiple pathways involved in drought stress in Medicago falcata. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266542. [PMID: 35390072 PMCID: PMC8989214 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicago falcata is one of the leguminous forage crops, which grows well in arid and semiarid region. To fully investigate the mechanism of drought resistance response in M. falcata, we challenged the M. falcata plants with 30% PEG-6000, and performed physiological and transcriptome analyses. It was found that, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (eg. SOD, POD, and CAT) and soluble sugar content were all increased in the PEG-treated group, as compared to the control group. Transcriptome results showed that a total of 706 genes were differentially expressed in the PEG-treated plants in comparison with the control. Gene enrichment analyses on differentially expressed genes revealed that a number of genes in various pathway were significantly enriched, including the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis (ko00940) and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis (ko00010), indicating the involvement of these key pathways in drought response. Furthermore, the expression levels of seven differentially expressed genes were verified to be involved in drought response in M. falcata by qPCR. Taken together, these results will provide valuable information related to drought response in M. falcata and lay a foundation for molecular studies and genetic breeding of legume crops in future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- West Arid Region Grassland Resource and Ecology Key Laboratory, College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lili Gu
- West Arid Region Grassland Resource and Ecology Key Laboratory, College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jiaxing Song
- West Arid Region Grassland Resource and Ecology Key Laboratory, College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Chenjian Li
- West Arid Region Grassland Resource and Ecology Key Laboratory, College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yanhui Zhang
- West Arid Region Grassland Resource and Ecology Key Laboratory, College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yuxiang Wang
- West Arid Region Grassland Resource and Ecology Key Laboratory, College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
| | - Yongzhen Pang
- Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- * E-mail: (BZ); (YP)
| | - Bo Zhang
- West Arid Region Grassland Resource and Ecology Key Laboratory, College of Grassland and Environmental Sciences, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi, China
- * E-mail: (BZ); (YP)
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17
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Jiang D, Zhang H, Cai H, Gao Z, Chen G. Overexpression of ZmPCK2, a phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase gene from maize confers enhanced tolerance to water deficit stress in rice. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 317:111195. [PMID: 35193744 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit is one of the major abiotic stresses that limit plant growth and global crop yields. Phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PCK) plays important roles in regulating plant growth and development, but its role in water-deficit stress remains elusive. In this study, we found that overexpression of ZmPCK2 significantly enhanced the water-deficit tolerance of transgenic rice. The expression level of ZmPCK2 was strongly induced by PEG and ABA treatments. Overexpression of ZmPCK2 in rice increased stomatal closure and water saving by regulating malate metabolism under water-deficit conditions. Moreover, the expression of ZmPCK2 in rice up-regulated ABA biosynthesis and responsive genes under water-deficit stress, and ZmPCK2 transgenic rice showed hypersensitive to exogenous ABA at germination stage, suggesting that ZmPCK2 may be involved in ABA signalling pathway. Under water-deficit stress, the ZmPCK2 transgenic rice showed higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lower accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) compared with non-transgenic (NT) plants, resulting in less oxidative damage. Taken together, we suggest that ZmPCK2 plays multiple roles in response to water-deficit stress by enhancing ABA signalling pathway, regulating malate metabolism, promoting stomatal closure and further activating the ROS-scavenging system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexing Jiang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Haizi Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Hui Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhiping Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Guoxiang Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China.
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18
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Cooler canopy leverages sorghum adaptation to drought and heat stress. Sci Rep 2022; 12:4603. [PMID: 35301396 PMCID: PMC8931000 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-08590-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, individual and combined effects of drought and heat stress were investigated on key physiological parameters (canopy temperature, membrane stability index, chlorophyll content, relative water content, and chlorophyll fluorescence) in two popular sorghum cultivars (Sorghum bicolor cvs. Phule Revati and Phule Vasudha) during the seedling stage. Estimating canopy temperature through pixel-wise analysis of thermal images of plants differentiated the stress responses of sorghum cultivars more effectively than the conventional way of recording canopy temperature. Cultivar difference in maintaining the canopy temperature was also responsible for much of the variation found in critical plant physiological parameters such as cell membrane stability, chlorophyll content, and chlorophyll fluorescence in plants exposed to stress. Hence, the combined stress of drought and heat was more adverse than their individual impacts. The continued loss of water coupled with high-temperature exposure exacerbated the adverse effect of stresses with a remarkable increase in canopy temperature. However, Phule Vasudha, being a drought-tolerant variety, was relatively less affected by the imposed stress conditions than Phule Revati. Besides, the methodology of measuring and reporting plant canopy temperature, which emerged from this study, can effectively differentiate the sorghum genotypes under the combined stress of drought and heat. It can help select promising genotypes among the breeding lines and integrating the concept in the protocol for precision water management in crops like sorghum.
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19
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Stanfield RC, Bartlett MK. Coordination Between Phloem Loading and Structure Maintains Carbon Transport Under Drought. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:787837. [PMID: 35251074 PMCID: PMC8891486 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.787837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining phloem transport under water stress is expected to be crucial to whole-plant drought tolerance, but the traits that benefit phloem function under drought are poorly understood. Nearly half of surveyed angiosperm species, including important crops, use sucrose transporter proteins to actively load sugar into the phloem. Plants can alter transporter abundance in response to stress, providing a potential mechanism for active-loading species to closely regulate phloem loading rates to avoid drought-induced reductions or failures in phloem transport. We developed an integrated xylem-phloem-stomatal model to test this hypothesis by quantifying the joint impacts of transporter kinetics, phloem anatomy, and plant water status on sucrose export to sinks. We parameterized the model with phloem hydraulic resistances and sucrose transporter kinetic parameters compiled from the literature, and simulated loading regulation by allowing loading rates to decline exponentially with phloem pressure to prevent excessive sucrose concentrations from inducing viscosity limitations. In the absence of loading regulation, where loading rates were independent of phloem pressure, most resistance values produced unrealistic phloem pressures owing to viscosity effects, even under well-watered conditions. Conversely, pressure-regulated loading helped to control viscosity buildup and improved export to sinks for both lower and higher resistant phloem pathways, while maintaining realistic phloem pressures. Regulation also allowed for rapid loading and export in wet conditions while maintaining export and viable phloem pressures during drought. Therefore, we expect feedbacks between phloem pressure and loading to be critical to carbon transport in active-loading species, especially under drought, and for transporter kinetics to be strongly coordinated with phloem architecture and plant water status. This work provides an important and underexplored physiological framework to understand the ecophysiology of phloem transport under drought and to enhance the genetic engineering of crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan C. Stanfield
- Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States
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20
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Multiple Abiotic Stresses Applied Simultaneously Elicit Distinct Responses in Two Contrasting Rice Cultivars. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031739. [PMID: 35163659 PMCID: PMC8836074 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rice crops are often subject to multiple abiotic stresses simultaneously in both natural and cultivated environments, resulting in yield reductions beyond those expected from single stress. We report physiological changes after a 4 day exposure to combined drought, salt and extreme temperature treatments, following a 2 day salinity pre-treatment in two rice genotypes—Nipponbare (a paddy rice) and IAC1131 (an upland landrace). Stomata closed after two days of combined stresses, causing intercellular CO2 concentrations and assimilation rates to diminish rapidly. Abscisic acid (ABA) levels increased at least five-fold but did not differ significantly between the genotypes. Tandem Mass Tag isotopic labelling quantitative proteomics revealed 6215 reproducibly identified proteins in mature leaves across the two genotypes and three time points (0, 2 and 4 days of stress). Of these, 987 were differentially expressed due to stress (cf. control plants), including 41 proteins that changed significantly in abundance in all stressed plants. Heat shock proteins, late embryogenesis abundant proteins and photosynthesis-related proteins were consistently responsive to stress in both Nipponbare and IAC1131. Remarkably, even after 2 days of stress there were almost six times fewer proteins differentially expressed in IAC1131 than Nipponbare. This contrast in the translational response to multiple stresses is consistent with the known tolerance of IAC1131 to dryland conditions.
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21
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Genetic Manipulation and Bioreactor Culture of Plants as a Tool for Industry and Its Applications. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27030795. [PMID: 35164060 PMCID: PMC8840042 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a considerable increase in interest in the use of transgenic plants as sources of valuable secondary metabolites or recombinant proteins. This has been facilitated by the advent of genetic engineering technology with the possibility for direct modification of the expression of genes related to the biosynthesis of biologically active compounds. A wide range of research projects have yielded a number of efficient plant systems that produce specific secondary metabolites or recombinant proteins. Furthermore, the use of bioreactors allows production to be increased to industrial scales, which can quickly and cheaply deliver large amounts of material in a short time. The resulting plant production systems can function as small factories, and many of them that are targeted at a specific operation have been patented. This review paper summarizes the key research in the last ten years regarding the use of transgenic plants as small, green biofactories for the bioreactor-based production of secondary metabolites and recombinant proteins; it simultaneously examines the production of metabolites and recombinant proteins on an industrial scale and presents the current state of available patents in the field.
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22
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D’Oria A, Jing L, Arkoun M, Pluchon S, Pateyron S, Trouverie J, Etienne P, Diquélou S, Ourry A. Transcriptomic, Metabolomic and Ionomic Analyses Reveal Early Modulation of Leaf Mineral Content in Brassica napus under Mild or Severe Drought. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:781. [PMID: 35054964 PMCID: PMC8776245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
While it is generally acknowledged that drought is one of the main abiotic factors affecting plant growth, how mineral nutrition is specifically and negatively affected by water deficit has received very little attention, other than being analyzed as a consequence of reduced growth. Therefore, Brassica napus plants were subjected to a gradual onset of water deficits (mild, severe, or severe extended), and leaves were analyzed at the ionomic, transcriptomic and metabolic levels. The number of Differentially Expressed Genes (DEGs) and of the most differentially accumulated metabolites increased from mild (525 DEGs, 57 metabolites) to severe (5454 DEGs, 78 metabolites) and severe extended (9346 DEGs, 95 metabolites) water deficit. Gene ontology enrichment analysis of the 11,747 DEGs identified revealed that ion transport was one of the most significant processes affected, even under mild water deficit, and this was also confirmed by the shift in ionomic composition (mostly micronutrients with a strong decrease in Mo, Fe, Zn, and Mn in leaves) that occurred well before growth reduction. The metabolomic data and most of the transcriptomic data suggested that well-known early leaf responses to drought such as phytohormone metabolism (ABA and JA), proline accumulation, and oxidative stress defense were induced later than repression of genes related to nutrient transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien D’Oria
- Unicaen, INRAE, UMR 950 Eva, SFR Normandie Végétal (FED4277), Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France; (A.D.); (J.T.); (P.E.); (S.D.)
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agro Innovation International-TIMAC AGRO, 35400 Saint-Malo, France; (M.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Lun Jing
- Plateformes Analytiques de Recherche, Agro Innovation International-TIMAC AGRO, 35400 Saint-Malo, France;
| | - Mustapha Arkoun
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agro Innovation International-TIMAC AGRO, 35400 Saint-Malo, France; (M.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Sylvain Pluchon
- Laboratoire de Nutrition Végétale, Agro Innovation International-TIMAC AGRO, 35400 Saint-Malo, France; (M.A.); (S.P.)
| | - Stéphanie Pateyron
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, INRAE, Univ Evry, 91405 Orsay, France;
- Institute of Plant Sciences Paris-Saclay (IPS2), Université de Paris, CNRS, INRAE, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - Jacques Trouverie
- Unicaen, INRAE, UMR 950 Eva, SFR Normandie Végétal (FED4277), Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France; (A.D.); (J.T.); (P.E.); (S.D.)
| | - Philippe Etienne
- Unicaen, INRAE, UMR 950 Eva, SFR Normandie Végétal (FED4277), Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France; (A.D.); (J.T.); (P.E.); (S.D.)
| | - Sylvain Diquélou
- Unicaen, INRAE, UMR 950 Eva, SFR Normandie Végétal (FED4277), Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France; (A.D.); (J.T.); (P.E.); (S.D.)
| | - Alain Ourry
- Unicaen, INRAE, UMR 950 Eva, SFR Normandie Végétal (FED4277), Normandie Université, 14000 Caen, France; (A.D.); (J.T.); (P.E.); (S.D.)
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23
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Berrío RT, Nelissen H, Inzé D, Dubois M. Increasing yield on dry fields: molecular pathways with growing potential. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 109:323-341. [PMID: 34695266 PMCID: PMC7612350 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress constitutes one of the major constraints to agriculture all over the world, and its devastating effect is only expected to increase in the following years due to climate change. Concurrently, the increasing food demand in a steadily growing population requires a proportional increase in yield and crop production. In the past, research aimed to increase plant resilience to severe drought stress. However, this often resulted in stunted growth and reduced yield under favorable conditions or moderate drought. Nowadays, drought tolerance research aims to maintain plant growth and yield under drought conditions. Overall, recently deployed strategies to engineer drought tolerance in the lab can be classified into a 'growth-centered' strategy, which focuses on keeping growth unaffected by the drought stress, and a 'drought resilience without growth penalty' strategy, in which the main aim is still to boost drought resilience, while limiting the side effects on plant growth. In this review, we put the scope on these two strategies and some molecular players that were successfully engineered to generate drought-tolerant plants: abscisic acid, brassinosteroids, cytokinins, ethylene, ROS scavenging genes, strigolactones, and aquaporins. We discuss how these pathways participate in growth and stress response regulation under drought. Finally, we present an overview of the current insights and future perspectives in the development of new strategies to improve drought tolerance in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Tenorio Berrío
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dirk Inzé
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
- Corresponding Author: Dirk Inzé VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology Technologiepark 71 B-9052 Ghent (Belgium) Tel.: +32 9 3313800; Fax: +32 9 3313809;
| | - Marieke Dubois
- Ghent University, Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Ghent, Belgium
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Ei Phyo E, Sreewongchai T, Kongsil P. Phenotypic Diversity of Root Characteristics in Recombinant Inbred Lines of Cross Between Lowland and Highland Rice Varieties for Drought Tolerance Potential. Pak J Biol Sci 2021; 24:1152-1161. [PMID: 34842387 DOI: 10.3923/pjbs.2021.1152.1161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
<b>Background and Objective:</b> Breeding between highland and lowland rice varieties is one of the strategic breeding of lowland rice for enhancing drought-tolerant capacity through root structure improvement. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic diversity of rice root traits in pot screening compared to the lowland parent. <b>Materials and Methods:</b> The basket method was utilized in pot cultivation to evaluate the 100 of F7 Recombinant Inbred Lines (RILs) derived through single seed descent method from a cross between lowland rice, RD49 variety and upland rice, Payaleumgaeng (PLG) variety. The two parents and F7 progenies were evaluated for the number of shallow roots (SRN) and the number of deep roots (DRN), together with other traits which were the number of total roots (TRN), the Ratio of Deep Rooting (RDR), maximum Root Length (RL), Root Dry Weight (RDW), Shoot Dry Weight (SDW), the ratio of Root to Shoot Weight (RSR) and Plant Height (PH). <b>Results:</b> The result showed that PLG had significantly higher SRN, DRN, TRN and RDR than RD49. The distribution of these traits showed slightly positive skewness in DRN, RDR, RDW, SDW and RSR and negative skewness in SRN, TRN, RL and PH. However, some lines in this RIL population displayed better performance of root traits compared to both parents. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of DRN, SRN, TRN and RDR in this population showed a distinctly different pattern among both parents. Most of the selected lines had superior RDR over RD49 and had various root characteristics patterns due to the diverse PCA coordinates. The yield trial of some breeding lines in this cross show superior yield over RD49 under drought-prone cultivation area. <b>Conclusion:</b> This study showed broad phenotypic diversity in the population constructed through single seed descent selection for enhancing deep root structure in rice for drought adaptation.
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Progressive Genomic Approaches to Explore Drought- and Salt-Induced Oxidative Stress Responses in Plants under Changing Climate. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091910. [PMID: 34579441 PMCID: PMC8471759 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Drought and salinity are the major environmental abiotic stresses that negatively impact crop development and yield. To improve yields under abiotic stress conditions, drought- and salinity-tolerant crops are key to support world crop production and mitigate the demand of the growing world population. Nevertheless, plant responses to abiotic stresses are highly complex and controlled by networks of genetic and ecological factors that are the main targets of crop breeding programs. Several genomics strategies are employed to improve crop productivity under abiotic stress conditions, but traditional techniques are not sufficient to prevent stress-related losses in productivity. Within the last decade, modern genomics studies have advanced our capabilities of improving crop genetics, especially those traits relevant to abiotic stress management. This review provided updated and comprehensive knowledge concerning all possible combinations of advanced genomics tools and the gene regulatory network of reactive oxygen species homeostasis for the appropriate planning of future breeding programs, which will assist sustainable crop production under salinity and drought conditions.
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Slawinski L, Israel A, Artault C, Thibault F, Atanassova R, Laloi M, Dédaldéchamp F. Responsiveness of Early Response to Dehydration Six-Like Transporter Genes to Water Deficit in Arabidopsis thaliana Leaves. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:708876. [PMID: 34484269 PMCID: PMC8415272 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.708876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the main abiotic stresses, which affects plant growth, development, and crop yield. Plant response to drought implies carbon allocation to sink organs and sugar partitioning between different cell compartments, and thereby requires the involvement of sugar transporters (SUTs). Among them, the early response to dehydration six-like (ESL), with 19 members in Arabidopsis thaliana, form the largest subfamily of monosaccharide transporters (MSTs) still poorly characterized. A common feature of these genes is their involvement in plant response to abiotic stresses, including water deficit. In this context, we carried out morphological and physiological phenotyping of A. thaliana plants grown under well-watered (WW) and water-deprived (WD) conditions, together with the expression profiling of 17 AtESL genes in rosette leaves. The drought responsiveness of 12 ESL genes, 4 upregulated and 8 downregulated, was correlated to different water statuses of rosette leaves. The differential expression of each of the tandem duplicated AtESL genes in response to water stress is in favor of their plausible functional diversity. Furthermore, transfer DNA (T-DNA) insertional mutants for each of the four upregulated ESLs in response to water deprivation were identified and characterized under WW and WD conditions. To gain insights into global sugar exchanges between vacuole and cytosol under water deficit, the gene expression of other vacuolar SUTs and invertases (AtTMT, AtSUC, AtSWEET, and AtβFRUCT) was analyzed and discussed.
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Xue F, Liu W, Cao H, Song L, Ji S, Tong L, Ding R. Stomatal conductance of tomato leaves is regulated by both abscisic acid and leaf water potential under combined water and salt stress. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:2070-2078. [PMID: 33905534 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2020] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal conductance (gs ) affects water use efficiency (WUE) through coordinating photosynthesis and transpiration and is regulated by chemical and/or hydraulic signals. However, the regulation mechanism of gs of tomato leaves has not been fully explored under combined water and salt stress. Here, we set up four salt treatments and two water treatments in a climate greenhouse and measured stomatal morphologies and conductance and other photosynthesis parameters. Water and salt stress reduced stomatal length (SL), width, perimeter, area (amax ), density (SD), and the maximum stomatal conductance (gsmax ). Water and salt stress had a separate weakening effect on net photosynthetic rate (A) and transpiration rate but interactively reduced gs . The contents of abscisic acid (ABA) and Na+ in tomato leaves increased with the NaCl concentration, while leaf water potential (Ψl ) and chlorophyll content decreased. Under full irrigation, gsmax was coordinated by SD and amax , and gs by ABA content under salt stress. Under water and salt combined stress, gsmax was affected by amax , and gs was coordinated with ABA and Ψl . The decrease of A was caused by both a reduction of chlorophyll content and gs under water and salt stress. Intrinsic WUE did not reduce under full irrigation or mild to moderate salt stress but decreased under a combination of water and severe salt stress, indicating that the leaves of the tested tomato cultivar performed better under moderate salt stress. Collectively, these results can provide useful insights for the efficient management of water and salt to adapt to drought and high salt environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fulan Xue
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuwei, China
| | - Weilu Liu
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuwei, China
| | - Heli Cao
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuwei, China
| | - Lijin Song
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuwei, China
| | - Shasha Ji
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuwei, China
| | - Ling Tong
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuwei, China
| | - Risheng Ding
- Center for Agricultural Water Research in China, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Wuwei Experimental Station for Efficient Water Use in Agriculture, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Wuwei, China
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Park SI, Kwon HJ, Cho MH, Song JS, Kim BG, Baek J, Kim SL, Ji H, Kwon TR, Kim KH, Yoon IS. The OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 Transcription Factor Is Involved in the Multiple Stress Tolerance to Heat and Drought in Rice Plants. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22137181. [PMID: 34281241 PMCID: PMC8269390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22137181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The AP2/EREBP family transcription factors play important roles in a wide range of stress tolerance and hormone signaling. In this study, a heat-inducible rice ERF gene was isolated and functionally characterized. The OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 was categorized to Group-IIIc of the rice AP2/EREBP family and strongly induced by heat and drought treatment. The OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 protein targeted to nuclei and suppressed the ABA-induced transcriptional activation of Rab16A promoter in rice protoplasts. Overexpression of OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 enhanced thermotolerance of seeds and vegetative growth stage plants. The OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 overexpressing (OE) plants exhibited higher proline level and increased expression of a proline biosynthesis P5CS1 gene. Phenotyping of water use dynamics of the individual plant indicates that the OsERF115/AP2EREBP110-OE plant exhibited better water saving traits under heat and drought combined stress. Our combined results suggest the potential use of OsERF115/AP2EREBP110 as a candidate gene for genetic engineering approaches to develop heat and drought stress-tolerant crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seong-Im Park
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Hyeok Jin Kwon
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Mi Hyeon Cho
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Ji Sun Song
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea;
| | - JeongHo Baek
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Song Lim Kim
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - HyeonSo Ji
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Taek-Ryoun Kwon
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - Kyung-Hwan Kim
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
| | - In Sun Yoon
- Gene Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, RDA, Jeonju 54874, Korea; (S.-I.P.); (H.J.K.); (M.H.C.); (J.S.S.); (J.B.); (S.L.K.); (H.J.); (T.-R.K.); (K.-H.K.)
- Correspondence:
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Verbraeken L, Wuyts N, Mertens S, Cannoot B, Maleux K, Demuynck K, De Block J, Merchie J, Dhondt S, Bonaventure G, Crafts-Brandner S, Vogel J, Bruce W, Inzé D, Maere S, Nelissen H. Drought affects the rate and duration of organ growth but not inter-organ growth coordination. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 186:1336-1353. [PMID: 33788927 PMCID: PMC8195526 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Drought at flowering and grain filling greatly reduces maize (Zea mays) yield. Climate change is causing earlier and longer-lasting periods of drought, which affect the growth of multiple maize organs throughout development. To study how long periods of water deficit impact the dynamic nature of growth, and to determine how these relate to reproductive drought, we employed a high-throughput phenotyping platform featuring precise irrigation, imaging systems, and image-based biomass estimations. Prolonged drought resulted in a reduction of growth rate of individual organs-though an extension of growth duration partially compensated for this-culminating in lower biomass and delayed flowering. However, long periods of drought did not affect the highly organized succession of maximal growth rates of the distinct organs, i.e. leaves, stems, and ears. Two drought treatments negatively affected distinct seed yield components: Prolonged drought mainly reduced the number of spikelets, and drought during the reproductive period increased the anthesis-silking interval. The identification of these divergent biomass and yield components, which were affected by the shift in duration and intensity of drought, will facilitate trait-specific breeding toward future climate-resilient crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart Verbraeken
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Wuyts
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stien Mertens
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Bernard Cannoot
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Katrien Maleux
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Kirin Demuynck
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jolien De Block
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Julie Merchie
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Dhondt
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | - Dirk Inzé
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Steven Maere
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Hilde Nelissen
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, 9052 Ghent, Belgium
- Author for communication:
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Simmons CR, Lafitte HR, Reimann KS, Brugière N, Roesler K, Albertsen MC, Greene TW, Habben JE. Successes and insights of an industry biotech program to enhance maize agronomic traits. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 307:110899. [PMID: 33902858 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Corteva Agriscience™ ran a discovery research program to identify biotech leads for improving maize Agronomic Traits such as yield, drought tolerance, and nitrogen use efficiency. Arising from many discovery sources involving thousands of genes, this program generated over 3331 DNA cassette constructs involving a diverse set of circa 1671 genes, whose transformed maize events were field tested from 2000 to 2018 under managed environments designed to evaluate their potential for commercialization. We demonstrate that a subgroup of these transgenic events improved yield in field-grown elite maize breeding germplasm. A set of at least 22 validated gene leads are identified and described which represent diverse molecular and physiological functions. These leads illuminate sectors of biology that could guide crop improvement in maize and perhaps other crops. In this review and interpretation, we share some of our approaches and results, and key lessons learned in discovering and developing these maize Agronomic Traits leads.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carl R Simmons
- Corteva Agriscience, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA.
| | - H Renee Lafitte
- Corteva Agriscience, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Kellie S Reimann
- Corteva Agriscience, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Norbert Brugière
- Corteva Agriscience, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Keith Roesler
- Corteva Agriscience, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Marc C Albertsen
- Corteva Agriscience, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Thomas W Greene
- Corteva Agriscience, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
| | - Jeffrey E Habben
- Corteva Agriscience, 7300 NW 62nd Avenue, Johnston, IA, 50131, USA
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31
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Shailani A, Joshi R, Singla-Pareek SL, Pareek A. Stacking for future: Pyramiding genes to improve drought and salinity tolerance in rice. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2021; 172:1352-1362. [PMID: 33180968 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Abiotic stresses, such as drought and salinity, adversely affect rice production and cause a severe threat to food security. Conventional crop breeding techniques alone are inadequate for achieving drought stress tolerance in crop plants. Using transgenic technology, incremental improvements in tolerance to drought and salinity have been successfully attained via manipulation of gene(s) in several crop species. However, achieving the goal via pyramiding multiple genes from the same or different tolerance mechanisms has received little attention. Pyramiding of multiple genes can be achieved either through breeding, by using marker-assisted selection, or by genetic engineering through molecular stacking co-transformation or re-transformation. Transgene stacking into a single locus has added advantages over breeding or re-transformation since the former assures co-inheritance of genes, contributing to more effective tolerance in transgenic plants for generations. Drought, being a polygenic trait, the potential candidate genes for gene stacking are those contributing to cellular detoxification, osmolyte accumulation, antioxidant machinery, and signaling pathways. Since cellular dehydration is inbuilt in salinity stress, manipulation of these genes results in improving tolerance to salinity along with drought in most of the cases. In this review, attempts have been made to provide a critical assessment of transgenic plants developed through transgene stacking and approaches to achieve the same. Identification and functional validation of more such candidate genes is needed for research programs targeting the gene stacking for developing crop plants with high precision in the shortest possible time to ensure sustainable crop productivity under marginal lands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjali Shailani
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Rohit Joshi
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Sneh Lata Singla-Pareek
- Plant Stress Biology, International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashwani Pareek
- Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory, School of Life Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
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Schulz P, Piepenburg K, Lintermann R, Herde M, Schöttler MA, Schmidt LK, Ruf S, Kudla J, Romeis T, Bock R. Improving plant drought tolerance and growth under water limitation through combinatorial engineering of signalling networks. PLANT BIOTECHNOLOGY JOURNAL 2021; 19:74-86. [PMID: 32623825 PMCID: PMC7769235 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Agriculture is by far the biggest water consumer on our planet, accounting for 70 per cent of all freshwater withdrawals. Climate change and a growing world population increase pressure on agriculture to use water more efficiently ('more crop per drop'). Water-use efficiency (WUE) and drought tolerance of crops are complex traits that are determined by many physiological processes whose interplay is not well understood. Here, we describe a combinatorial engineering approach to optimize signalling networks involved in the control of stress tolerance. Screening a large population of combinatorially transformed plant lines, we identified a combination of calcium-dependent protein kinase genes that confers enhanced drought stress tolerance and improved growth under water-limiting conditions. Targeted introduction of this gene combination into plants increased plant survival under drought and enhanced growth under water-limited conditions. Our work provides an efficient strategy for engineering complex signalling networks to improve plant performance under adverse environmental conditions, which does not depend on prior understanding of network function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Schulz
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Molekulare PflanzenphysiologiePotsdam‐GolmGermany
- Institut für BiologieFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Katrin Piepenburg
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Molekulare PflanzenphysiologiePotsdam‐GolmGermany
| | | | - Marco Herde
- Institut für BiologieFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Present address:
Department of Molecular Nutrition and Biochemistry of PlantsLeibniz Universität HannoverHerrenhäuser Str. 2Hannover30419Germany
| | - Mark A. Schöttler
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Molekulare PflanzenphysiologiePotsdam‐GolmGermany
| | - Lena K. Schmidt
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der PflanzenWestfälische Wilhelms‐Universität MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Stephanie Ruf
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Molekulare PflanzenphysiologiePotsdam‐GolmGermany
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der PflanzenWestfälische Wilhelms‐Universität MünsterMünsterGermany
| | - Tina Romeis
- Institut für BiologieFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
- Present address:
Leibniz‐Institut für Pflanzenbiochemie (IPB)Weinberg 3Halle/SaaleD‐06120Germany
| | - Ralph Bock
- Max‐Planck‐Institut für Molekulare PflanzenphysiologiePotsdam‐GolmGermany
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Li M, Liu J, Zhou Y, Zhou S, Zhang S, Tong H, Zhao A. Transcriptome and metabolome profiling unveiled mechanisms of tea (Camellia sinensis) quality improvement by moderate drought on pre-harvest shoots. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2020; 180:112515. [PMID: 32957017 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2020.112515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Conventional wisdom holds that tea (Camellia sinensis) quality can be improved by drought. To clarify the underlying mechanism, a conjoint analysis of transcriptome and metabolome profiling was carried out in tea shoots harvested under different soil water contents (SWCs). Drought had little impact on theanine, catechins and caffeine in field conditions. Besides the flavor contributions of amino acid and their derivatives, organic acids, and nucleotides and their derivatives, the obviously increased isoflavonoids and glycosylflavonoids and the sharply decreased lipids are suggested to play key roles, which is mainly due to substantial increases of type III polyketide synthase B (PKSB), flavonol synthase/flavanone 3-hydroxylase (FLS), and UDP-glycosyltransferases (UGTs), as well as the significant repression of anthocyanidin synthase (ANS) and R2R3MYBs, and downregulated lipid metabolisms. Genes of GDSL esterase/lipase (GDSL), abscisic acid (ABA) and jasmonate (JA) signaling were found to play important roles in both flavonoid accumulation and lipid reduction. These findings increased our understanding of how moderate drought improves taste and aroma of tea by interfering in the metabolism of fresh leaves, which provides new insight into balancing compounds in pre-harvest tea shoots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meifeng Li
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Tea College of Guizhou University, Guiyang, Guizhou, 550025, China.
| | - Yuping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Siqin Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Shuai Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Huarong Tong
- College of Food Science, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, 400716, China.
| | - Aichun Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Silkworm Genome Biology, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400716, China.
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Qu M, Essemine J, Xu J, Ablat G, Perveen S, Wang H, Chen K, Zhao Y, Chen G, Chu C, Zhu X. Alterations in stomatal response to fluctuating light increase biomass and yield of rice under drought conditions. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2020; 104:1334-1347. [PMID: 33015858 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The acceleration of stomatal closure upon high to low light transition could improve plant water use efficiency and drought tolerance. Herein, using genome-wide association study, we showed that the genetic variation in OsNHX1 was strongly associated with the changes in τcl , the time constant of stomatal closure, in 206 rice accessions. OsNHX1 overexpression in rice resulted in a decrease in τcl , and an increase in biomass, grain yield under drought. Conversely, OsNHX1 knockout by CRISPR/CAS9 shows opposite trends for these traits. We further found three haplotypes spanning the OsNHX1 promoter and CDS regions. Two among them, HapII and HapIII, were found to be associated with a high and low τcl , respectively. A near-isogenic line (NIL, S464) was developed through replacing the genomic region harboring HapII (~10 kb) from MH63 (recipient) rice cultivar by the same sized genomic region containing Hap III from 02428 (donor). Compared with MH63, S464 shows a reduction by 35% in τcl and an increase by 40% in the grain yield under drought. However, under normal conditions, S464 maintains closely similar grain yield as MH63. The global distribution of the two OsNHX1 haplotypes is associated with the local precipitation. Taken together, the natural variation in OsNHX1 could be utilized to manipulate the stomatal dynamics for an improved rice drought tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingnan Qu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jemaa Essemine
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Jianlong Xu
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Guljannat Ablat
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475004, China
| | - Shahnaz Perveen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Hongru Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Kai Chen
- Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yang Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Genyun Chen
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Biology, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
| | - Chengcai Chu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
| | - Xinguang Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis and Environmental Biology, Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200032, China
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Ma XJ, Fu JD, Tang YM, Yu TF, Yin ZG, Chen J, Zhou YB, Chen M, Xu ZS, Ma YZ. GmNFYA13 Improves Salt and Drought Tolerance in Transgenic Soybean Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:587244. [PMID: 33193539 PMCID: PMC7644530 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.587244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
NF-YA transcription factors function in modulating tolerance to abiotic stresses that are serious threats to crop yields. In this study, GmNFYA13, an NF-YA gene in soybean, was strongly induced by salt, drought, ABA, and H2O2, and suppressed by tungstate, an ABA synthesis inhibitor. The GmNFYA13 transcripts were detected in different tissues in seedling and flowering stages, and the expression levels in roots were highest. GmNFYA13 is a nuclear localization protein with self-activating activity. Transgenic Arabidopsis plants overexpressing GmNFYA13 with higher transcript levels of stress-related genes showed ABA hypersensitivity and enhanced tolerance to salt and drought stresses compared with WT plants. Moreover, overexpression of GmNFYA13 resulted in higher salt and drought tolerance in OE soybean plants, while suppressing it produced the opposite results. In addition, GmNFYA13 could bind to the promoters of GmSALT3, GmMYB84, GmNCED3, and GmRbohB to regulate their expression abundance in vivo. The data in this study suggested that GmNFYA13 enhanced salt and drought tolerance in soybean plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Jun Ma
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Jin-Dong Fu
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Miao Tang
- Beijing Engineering Research Center for Hybrid Wheat, The Municipal Key Laboratory of the Molecular Genetics of Hybrid Wheat, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tai-Fei Yu
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen-Gong Yin
- Institute of Crop Resources, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Yong-Bin Zhou
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Ming Chen
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Shi Xu
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
| | - You-Zhi Ma
- Institute of Crop Science/Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS)/National Key Facility for Crop Gene Resources and Genetic Improvement, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Triticeae Crops, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, China
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Funck D, Baumgarten L, Stift M, von Wirén N, Schönemann L. Differential Contribution of P5CS Isoforms to Stress Tolerance in Arabidopsis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:565134. [PMID: 33101333 PMCID: PMC7545825 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.565134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Proline accumulation is a widespread response of plants to salt stress as well as drought and cold stress. In most plant species, two isoforms of pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) catalyze the first step in proline biosynthesis from glutamate. In Arabidopsis, these isoforms differ in their spatial and temporal expression patterns, suggesting sub-functionalization. P5CS1 has been identified as the major contributor to stress-induced proline accumulation, whereas P5CS2 has been considered important for embryo development and growth. In contrast to previous results, our analysis of P5CS1- and P5CS2-GFP fusion proteins indicates that both enzymes were exclusively localized in the cytosol. The comparison of the susceptibility of p5cs1 and p5cs2 mutants to infection with Pseudomonas syringae and salt stress provided novel information on the contribution of the two P5CS isoforms to proline accumulation and stress tolerance. In agreement with previous studies, salt-stressed p5cs1 mutants accumulated very little proline, indicating that P5CS1 contributed more to stress-induced proline accumulation, whereas its impact on stress tolerance was rather weak. Germination and establishment of p5cs2 mutants were impaired under ambient conditions, further supporting that P5CS2 is most important for growth and development, whereas its contribution to stress-induced proline accumulation was smaller than that of P5CS1. In contrast to p5cs1 mutants or wildtype plants, p5cs2 mutants were only weakly affected by sudden exposure to a high NaCl concentration. These findings show that proline content, which was intermediate in leaves of p5cs2 mutants, was not directly correlated with stress tolerance in our experiments. In rosettes of NaCl-exposed p5cs2 mutants, nearly no accumulation of Na+ was observed, and the plants showed neither chlorosis nor reduction of photosynthesis. Based on these data, we suggest a function of P5CS2 or P5CS2-mediated proline synthesis in regulating Na+ accumulation in leaves and thereby salt stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dietmar Funck
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Lukas Baumgarten
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Marc Stift
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
| | - Nicolaus von Wirén
- Molecular Plant Nutrition, Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research, Gatersleben, Germany
| | - Luise Schönemann
- Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany
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Sewelam N, Brilhaus D, Bräutigam A, Alseekh S, Fernie AR, Maurino VG. Molecular plant responses to combined abiotic stresses put a spotlight on unknown and abundant genes. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:5098-5112. [PMID: 32442250 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Environmental stresses such as drought, heat, and salinity limit plant development and agricultural productivity. While individual stresses have been studied extensively, much less is known about the molecular interaction of responses to multiple stresses. To address this problem, we investigated molecular responses of Arabidopsis to single, double, and triple combinations of salt, osmotic, and heat stresses. A metabolite profiling analysis indicated the production of specific compatible solutes depending on the nature of the stress applied. We found that in combination with other stresses, heat has a dominant effect on global gene expression and metabolite level patterns. Treatments that include heat stress lead to strongly reduced transcription of genes coding for abundant photosynthetic proteins and proteins regulating the cell life cycle, while genes involved in protein degradation are up-regulated. Under combined stress conditions, the plants shifted their metabolism to a survival state characterized by low productivity. Our work provides molecular evidence for the dangers for plant productivity and future world food security posed by heat waves resulting from global warming. We highlight candidate genes, many of which are functionally uncharacterized, for engineering plant abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Sewelam
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Dominik Brilhaus
- Institute of Plant Biochemistry, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andrea Bräutigam
- Computational Biology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Saleh Alseekh
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Alisdair R Fernie
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Potsdam-Golm, Germany
- Center for Systems Biology and Biotechnology, Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Veronica G Maurino
- Institute of Developmental and Molecular Biology of Plants, and Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Ogbaga CC, Athar HUR, Amir M, Bano H, Chater CC, Jellason NP. Clarity on frequently asked questions about drought measurements in plant physiology. SCIENTIFIC AFRICAN 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.sciaf.2020.e00405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
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Meng X, Zhao X, Ding X, Li Y, Cao G, Chu Z, Su X, Liu Y, Chen X, Guo J, Cai Z, Ding X. Integrated Functional Omics Analysis of Flavonoid-Related Metabolism in AtMYB12 Transcript Factor Overexpressed Tomato. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2020; 68:6776-6787. [PMID: 32396374 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c01894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Genetic engineering (GE) technology is widely used in plant modification. However, the results of modification may not exactly meet the expectations. Herein, we propose a new multi-omics method for GE plant evaluation based on the optimized use of the metID algorithm. Using this method, we found that flavonoid accumulation was at the expense of the great sacrifice of l-phenylalanine in GE tomatoes for the first time. Meanwhile, the ceramide series of sphingolipid is synthesized de novo from l-serine, and ceramides are the primary source of vesicles coated with flavonoids and secreted from the endoplasmic reticulum. Therefore, the accumulation of the ceramide series of sphingolipid changed the cell component of intracellular organelles. Furthermore, the improvement of the method allows us to identify more metabolites related to dysregulated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanlin Meng
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Xingchen Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangyu Ding
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guodong Cao
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaohui Chu
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuli Su
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanchen Liu
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Xiangfeng Chen
- Key Laboratory for Applied Technology of Sophisticated Analytic Instrument, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Science), Jinan, Shandong 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinggong Guo
- Center for Multi-Omics Research, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
| | - Xinhua Ding
- College of Plant Protection, State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shandong 271000, People's Republic of China
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Zhou Y, Liu W, Li X, Sun D, Xu K, Feng C, Kue Foka IC, Ketehouli T, Gao H, Wang N, Dong Y, Wang F, Li H. Integration of sRNA, degradome, transcriptome analysis and functional investigation reveals gma-miR398c negatively regulates drought tolerance via GmCSDs and GmCCS in transgenic Arabidopsis and soybean. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2020; 20:190. [PMID: 32370790 PMCID: PMC7201782 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-020-02370-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drought conditions adversely affect soybean growth, resulting in severe yield losses worldwide. Increasing experimental evidence indicates miRNAs are important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. However, the drought-responsive molecular mechanism underlying miRNA-mRNA interactions remains largely uncharacterized in soybean. Meanwhile, the miRNA-regulated drought response pathways based on multi-omics approaches remain elusive. RESULTS We combined sRNA, transcriptome and degradome sequencing to elucidate the complex regulatory mechanism mediating soybean drought resistance. One-thousand transcripts from 384 target genes of 365 miRNAs, which were enriched in the peroxisome, were validated by degradome-seq. An integrated analysis showed 42 miRNA-target pairs exhibited inversely related expression profiles. Among these pairs, a strong induction of gma-miR398c as a major gene negatively regulates multiple peroxisome-related genes (GmCSD1a/b, GmCSD2a/b/c and GmCCS). Meanwhile, we detected that alternative splicing of GmCSD1a/b might affect soybean drought tolerance by bypassing gma-miR398c regulation. Overexpressing gma-miR398c in Arabidopsis thaliana L. resulted in decreased percentage germination, increased leaf water loss, and reduced survival under water deficiency, which displayed sensitivity to drought during seed germination and seedling growth. Furthermore, overexpressing gma-miR398c in soybean decreased GmCSD1a/b, GmCSD2a/b/c and GmCCS expression, which weakened the ability to scavenge O2.-, resulting in increased relative electrolyte leakage and stomatal opening compared with knockout miR398c and wild-type soybean under drought conditions. CONCLUSION The study indicates that gma-miR398c negatively regulates soybean drought tolerance, and provides novel insights useful for breeding programs to improve drought resistance by CRISPR technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonggang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Weican Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Xiaowei Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Daqian Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Keheng Xu
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Chen Feng
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Idrice Carther Kue Foka
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Toi Ketehouli
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Hongtao Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Nan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Yuanyuan Dong
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China
| | - Fawei Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
| | - Haiyan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Engineering Research Center of the Chinese Ministry of Education for Bioreactor and Pharmaceutical Development, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, Jilin, China.
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Morphological assessment of water stressed sugarcane: A comparison of waterlogged and drought affected crop. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 27:1228-1236. [PMID: 32346329 PMCID: PMC7182992 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 01/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic stress is recurrent occurring problem for sugarcane crop in terms of hindrance in achieving good and high production. In India, drought coverage is 2.97 lakh ha while 2.5 lakh ha under coverage of waterlogging which is one of the reasons behind low cane production and productivity due to alteration in metabolism, growth and development of the plant either in direct or indirect way. Therefore, we investigated the comparison of morphological losses in drought and waterlogging sugarcanes. Morphological parameters assessed were leaf length, leaf width, leaf area, stalk diameter, cane height, cane weight, internodes number and average internodal length. Also, total root weight, dry matter production of stalk, leaves and roots were observed. Results showed that leaf length was marginally increased in drought canes but it was not so in case of waterlogged canes. Besides, there was decrease in total root weight of sugarcane affected by drought by 16.99% while there was increase by 10.06% in waterlogging affected canes in comparison to normal grown canes. In cane height and stalk diameter, decrease by 18.28%, 7.52%, respectively, in drought and 11.41%, marginal decrease, respectively, in waterlogged affected canes as compared to normally grown canes. Average internodal length was also found to increase in both drought as well as waterlogged canes by 39.02% and 36.60%, respectively, in comparison to normal grown canes. Number of internodes was decreased more in drought affected canes than in waterlogged canes. This study concluded that there are higher morphological losses in sugarcane in drought condition than in waterlogging conditions with respect to normal grown canes.
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Kunert K, Vorster BJ. In search for drought-tolerant soybean: is the slow-wilting phenotype more than just a curiosity? JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:457-460. [PMID: 31909814 PMCID: PMC6946004 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erz235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
This article comments on:Ye H, Song L, Schapaugh WT, Ali MDL, Sinclair TR, Riar MK, Raymond RN, Li Y, Vuong T, Valliyodan B, Neto PA, Klepadlo M, Song Q, Shannon JG, Chen P, Nguyen HT. 2019. The importance of slow canopy wilting in drought tolerance in soybean, Journal of Experimental Botany 71, 642–652.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karl Kunert
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Barend J Vorster
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Pérez-Llorca M, Casadesús A, Munné-Bosch S, Müller M. Contrasting patterns of hormonal and photoprotective isoprenoids in response to stress in Cistus albidus during a Mediterranean winter. PLANTA 2019; 250:1409-1422. [PMID: 31286198 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-019-03234-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Seasonal accumulation of hormonal and photoprotective isoprenoids, particularly α-tocopherol, carotenoids and abscisic acid, indicate their important role in protecting Cistus albidus plants from environmental stress during a Mediterranean winter. The high diurnal amounts of α-tocopherol and xanthophylls 3 h before maximum light intensity suggest a photoprotective response against the prevailing diurnal changes. The timing to modulate acclimatory/defense responses under changing environmental conditions is one of the most critical points for plant fitness and stress tolerance. Here, we report seasonal and diurnal changes in the contents of isoprenoids originated from the methylerythritol phosphate pathway, including chlorophylls, carotenoids, tocochromanols, and phytohormones (abscisic acid, cytokinins, and gibberellins) in C. albidus during a Mediterranean winter. Plants were subjected not only to typically low winter temperatures but also to drought, as shown by a mean plant water status of 54% during the experimental period. The maximum PSII efficiency, however, remained consistently high (Fv/Fm > 0.8), proving that C. albidus had efficient mechanisms to tolerate combined stress conditions during winter. While seasonal α-tocopherol contents remained high (200-300 µg/g DW) during the experimental period, carotenoid contents increased during winter attaining maximum levels in February (minimum air temperature ≤ 5 °C for 13 days). Following the initial transient increases of bioactive trans-zeatin (about fivefold) during winter, the increased abscisic acid contents proved its important role during abiotic stress tolerance. Diurnal amounts of α-tocopherol and xanthophylls, particularly lutein, zeaxanthin and neoxanthin including the de-epoxidation state, reached maximum levels as early as 2 h after dawn, when solar intensity was 68% lower than the maximum solar radiation at noon. It is concluded that (1) given their proven antioxidant properties, both α-tocopherol and carotenoids seem to play a crucial role protecting the photosynthetic apparatus under severe stress conditions; (2) high seasonal amounts of abscisic acid indicate its important role in abiotic stress tolerance within plant hormones, although under specific environmental conditions, accumulation of bioactive cytokinins appears to be involved to enhance stress tolerance; (3) the concerted diurnal adjustment of α-tocopherol and xanthophylls as early as 3 h before maximum light intensity suggests that plants anticipated the predictable diurnal changes in the environment to protect the photosynthetic apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Pérez-Llorca
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Casadesús
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergi Munné-Bosch
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maren Müller
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
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Bangash SAK, Müller-Schüssele SJ, Solbach D, Jansen M, Fiorani F, Schwarzländer M, Kopriva S, Meyer AJ. Low-glutathione mutants are impaired in growth but do not show an increased sensitivity to moderate water deficit. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0220589. [PMID: 31626663 PMCID: PMC6799929 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0220589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 10/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Glutathione is considered a key metabolite for stress defense and elevated levels have frequently been proposed to positively influence stress tolerance. To investigate whether glutathione affects plant performance and the drought tolerance of plants, wild-type Arabidopsis plants and an allelic series of five mutants (rax1, pad2, cad2, nrc1, and zir1) with reduced glutathione contents between 21 and 63% compared to wild-type glutathione content were phenotypically characterized for their shoot growth under control and water-limiting conditions using a shoot phenotyping platform. Under non-stress conditions the zir1 mutant with only 21% glutathione showed a pronounced dwarf phenotype. All other mutants with intermediate glutathione contents up to 62% in contrast showed consistently slightly smaller shoots than the wild-type. Moderate drought stress imposed through water withdrawal until shoot growth ceased showed that wild-type plants and all mutants responded similarly in terms of chlorophyll fluorescence and growth retardation. These results lead to the conclusion that glutathione is important for general plant performance but that the glutathione content does not affect tolerance to moderate drought conditions typically experienced by crops in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Solbach
- INRES–Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Marcus Jansen
- IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Fabio Fiorani
- IBG-2: Plant Sciences, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwarzländer
- INRES–Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Stanislav Kopriva
- Botanical Institute, Cluster of Excellence on Plant Sciences (CEPLAS), University of Cologne, Germany
| | - Andreas J. Meyer
- INRES–Chemical Signalling, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Bioeconomy Science Center, c/o Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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45
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González-Rodríguez T, Cisneros-Hernández I, Acosta Bayona J, Ramírez-Chavez E, Martínez-Gallardo N, Mellado-Mojica E, López-Pérez MG, Molina-Torres J, Délano-Frier J. Identification of Factors Linked to Higher Water-Deficit Stress Tolerance in Amaranthus hypochondriacus Compared to Other Grain Amaranths and A. hybridus, Their Shared Ancestor. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 8:E239. [PMID: 31336665 PMCID: PMC6681232 DOI: 10.3390/plants8070239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2019] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit stress (WDS)-tolerance in grain amaranths (Amaranthus hypochondriacus, A. cruentus and A. caudatus), and A. hybridus, their presumed shared ancestor, was examined. A. hypochondriacus was the most WDS-tolerant species, a trait that correlated with an enhanced osmotic adjustment (OA), a stronger expression of abscisic acid (ABA) marker genes and a more robust sugar starvation response (SSR). Superior OA was supported by higher basal hexose (Hex) levels and high Hex/sucrose (Suc) ratios in A. hypochondriacus roots, which were further increased during WDS. This coincided with increased invertase, amylase and sucrose synthase activities and a strong depletion of the starch reserves in leaves and roots. The OA was complemented by the higher accumulation of proline, raffinose, and other probable raffinose-family oligosaccharides of unknown structure in leaves and/or roots. The latter coincided with a stronger expression of Galactinol synthase 1 and Raffinose synthase in leaves. Increased SnRK1 activity and expression levels of the class II AhTPS9 and AhTPS11 trehalose phosphate synthase genes, recognized as part of the SSR network in Arabidopsis, were induced in roots of stressed A. hypochondriacus. It is concluded that these physiological modifications improved WDS in A. hypochondriacus by raising its water use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzitziki González-Rodríguez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Ismael Cisneros-Hernández
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Jonathan Acosta Bayona
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Enrique Ramírez-Chavez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Norma Martínez-Gallardo
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Erika Mellado-Mojica
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Mercedes G López-Pérez
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - Jorge Molina-Torres
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico
| | - John Délano-Frier
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del I. P. N., Unidad Irapuato, Km 9.6 del Libramiento Norte Carretera Irapuato-León, C.P. 36821 Irapuato, Guanajuato, Mexico.
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Luo Y, Wang F, Huang Y, Zhou M, Gao J, Yan T, Sheng H, An L. Sphingomonas sp. Cra20 Increases Plant Growth Rate and Alters Rhizosphere Microbial Community Structure of Arabidopsis thaliana Under Drought Stress. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:1221. [PMID: 31231328 PMCID: PMC6560172 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.01221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The rhizosphere is colonized by a mass of microbes, including bacteria capable of promoting plant growth that carry out complex interactions. Here, by using a sterile experimental system, we demonstrate that Sphingomonas sp. Cra20 promotes the growth of Arabidopsis thaliana by driving developmental plasticity in the roots, thus stimulating the growth of lateral roots and root hairs. By investigating the growth dynamics of A. thaliana in soil with different water-content, we demonstrate that Cra20 increases the growth rate of plants, but does not change the time of reproductive transition under well-water condition. The results further show that the application of Cra20 changes the rhizosphere indigenous bacterial community, which may be due to the change in root structure. Our findings provide new insights into the complex mechanisms of plant and bacterial interactions. The ability to promote the growth of plants under water-deficit can contribute to the development of sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Luo
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Fang Wang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yaolong Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jiangli Gao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Taozhe Yan
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Sheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Lizhe An
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China
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47
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De Ollas C, Morillón R, Fotopoulos V, Puértolas J, Ollitrault P, Gómez-Cadenas A, Arbona V. Facing Climate Change: Biotechnology of Iconic Mediterranean Woody Crops. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:427. [PMID: 31057569 PMCID: PMC6477659 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Accepted: 03/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The Mediterranean basin is especially sensitive to the adverse outcomes of climate change and especially to variations in rainfall patterns and the incidence of extremely high temperatures. These two concurring adverse environmental conditions will surely have a detrimental effect on crop performance and productivity that will be particularly severe on woody crops such as citrus, olive and grapevine that define the backbone of traditional Mediterranean agriculture. These woody species have been traditionally selected for traits such as improved fruit yield and quality or alteration in harvesting periods, leaving out traits related to plant field performance. This is currently a crucial aspect due to the progressive and imminent effects of global climate change. Although complete genome sequence exists for sweet orange (Citrus sinensis) and clementine (Citrus clementina), olive tree (Olea europaea) and grapevine (Vitis vinifera), the development of biotechnological tools to improve stress tolerance still relies on the study of the available genetic resources including interspecific hybrids, naturally occurring (or induced) polyploids and wild relatives under field conditions. To this respect, post-genomic era studies including transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics provide a wide and unbiased view of plant physiology and biochemistry under adverse environmental conditions that, along with high-throughput phenotyping, could contribute to the characterization of plant genotypes exhibiting physiological and/or genetic traits that are correlated to abiotic stress tolerance. The ultimate goal of precision agriculture is to improve crop productivity, in terms of yield and quality, making a sustainable use of land and water resources under adverse environmental conditions using all available biotechnological tools and high-throughput phenotyping. This review focuses on the current state-of-the-art of biotechnological tools such as high throughput -omics and phenotyping on grapevine, citrus and olive and their contribution to plant breeding programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos De Ollas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Raphaël Morillón
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), Petit-Bourg, France
| | - Vasileios Fotopoulos
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Jaime Puértolas
- Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, United Kingdom
| | - Patrick Ollitrault
- Centre de Coopération Internationale en Recherche Agronomique pour le Développement (CIRAD), San-Giuliano, France
| | - Aurelio Gómez-Cadenas
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Vicent Arbona
- Departament de Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
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48
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Zhou R, Kong L, Wu Z, Rosenqvist E, Wang Y, Zhao L, Zhao T, Ottosen CO. Physiological response of tomatoes at drought, heat and their combination followed by recovery. PHYSIOLOGIA PLANTARUM 2019; 165:144-154. [PMID: 29774556 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.12764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Revised: 05/13/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In nature, crops encounter a combination of abiotic stresses that severely limit yield. Our aim was to dynamically expose the changes of tomatoes' physiological parameters to drought, heat and their combination and thereby clarify the relationship between the responses to single and combined stress. We studied the effect of single and combined drought and heat stresses on the shoot and root of two tomato cultivars (Sufen No.14 as CV1; Jinlingmeiyu as CV2). After being exposed to combined stress for 6 days, the dry weight of shoot and root significantly decreased. The Fq '/Fm ' (quantum yield of photosystem II) was significantly lower in CV1 upon drought and combined stress and in CV2 subjected to combined stress (between days 4 and 6) compared to control. The relative water content during combined stress was significantly lower than control from day 4 to recovery day 2. On days 3 and 6, the water loss rate significantly increased under heat stress and decreased at drought and combined stress, respectively. The combined stress caused severe damages on photosystem II and chloroplast ultrastructure. The root activity after stress recovered even though drought significantly increased the activity from day 2 to day 6. Combined stress result in complex responses during tomato growth. The CV1 was more heat tolerant than CV2, but there was no varietal difference at drought and combined stress. This study contributes to the understanding of the underlying physiological response mechanism of plant to combined stress and crop improvement by providing valuable information for abiotic stress-tolerant tomato breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong Zhou
- Institute of Vegetable Crop, Jiangsu Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of High Efficiency Horticultural Crops in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingpeng Kong
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhen Wu
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Eva Rosenqvist
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Yinlei Wang
- Institute of Vegetable Crop, Jiangsu Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of High Efficiency Horticultural Crops in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liping Zhao
- Institute of Vegetable Crop, Jiangsu Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of High Efficiency Horticultural Crops in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongmin Zhao
- Institute of Vegetable Crop, Jiangsu Province Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Laboratory for Genetic Improvement of High Efficiency Horticultural Crops in Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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49
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Piasecka A, Kachlicki P, Stobiecki M. Analytical Methods for Detection of Plant Metabolomes Changes in Response to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E379. [PMID: 30658398 PMCID: PMC6358739 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Abiotic and biotic stresses are the main reasons of substantial crop yield losses worldwide. Research devoted to reveal mechanisms of plant reactions during their interactions with the environment are conducted on the level of genome, transcriptome, proteome, and metabolome. Data obtained during these studies would permit to define biochemical and physiological mechanisms of plant resistance or susceptibility to affecting factors/stresses. Metabolomics based on mass spectrometric techniques is an important part of research conducted in the direction of breeding new varieties of crop plants tolerant to the affecting stresses and possessing good agronomical features. Studies of this kind are carried out on model, crop and resurrection plants. Metabolites profiling yields large sets of data and due to this fact numerous advanced statistical and bioinformatic methods permitting to obtain qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the results have been developed. Moreover, advanced integration of metabolomics data with these obtained on other omics levels: genome, transcriptome and proteome should be carried out. Such a holistic approach would bring us closer to understanding biochemical and physiological processes of the cell and whole plant interacting with the environment and further apply these observations in successful breeding of stress tolerant or resistant crop plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Piasecka
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland.
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Piotr Kachlicki
- Institute of Plant Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Strzeszynska 34, 60-479 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Maciej Stobiecki
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznań, Poland.
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50
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Davies JP, Christensen CA. Developing Transgenic Agronomic Traits for Crops: Targets, Methods, and Challenges. Methods Mol Biol 2019; 1864:343-365. [PMID: 30415346 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-8778-8_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The last two decades have witnessed a surge of investment by the agricultural biotechnology industry in the development of transgenic agronomic traits. These are traits that improve yield performance by modifying endogenous physiological processes such as energy capture, nutrient utilization, and stress tolerance. In this chapter we provide a foundation for understanding these fundamental processes and then outline approaches that have been taken to use this knowledge for yield improvement. We characterize the current status of product development pipelines in the industry and illustrate the trait discovery process with three important examples-bacterial cold-shock proteins, alanine aminotransferase, and auxin-regulated genes. The challenges with developing and commercializing an agronomic trait product are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- John P Davies
- Corteva Agriscience™, Agriculture Division of DowDuPont™, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
| | - Cory A Christensen
- Corteva Agriscience™, Agriculture Division of DowDuPont™, Indianapolis, IN, USA
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