1
|
Maiti B, Bhattacharya S. Liposomal nanoparticles based on steroids and isoprenoids for nonviral gene delivery. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-NANOMEDICINE AND NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 14:e1759. [PMID: 34729941 DOI: 10.1002/wnan.1759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Natural lipid molecules are an essential part of life as they constitute the membrane of cells and organelle. In most of these cases, the hydrophobicity of natural lipids is contributed by alkyl chains. Although natural lipids with a nonfatty acid hydrophobic backbone are quite rare, steroids and isoprenoids have been strong candidates as part of a lipid. Over the years, these natural molecules (steroid and isoprenoids) have been used to make either lipid-based nanoparticle or functionalize in such a way that it could form nano assembly alone for therapeutic delivery. Here we mainly focus on the synthetic functionalized version of these natural molecules which forms cationic liposomal nanoparticles (LipoNPs). These cationic LipoNPs were further used to deliver various negatively charged genetic materials in the form of pDNA, siRNA, mRNA (nucleic acids), and so on. This article is categorized under: Biology-Inspired Nanomaterials > Lipid-Based Structures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bappa Maiti
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.,School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata, India.,Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
RNA-based therapeutics have shown great promise in treating a broad spectrum of diseases through various mechanisms including knockdown of pathological genes, expression of therapeutic proteins, and programmed gene editing. Due to the inherent instability and negative-charges of RNA molecules, RNA-based therapeutics can make the most use of delivery systems to overcome biological barriers and to release the RNA payload into the cytosol. Among different types of delivery systems, lipid-based RNA delivery systems, particularly lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), have been extensively studied due to their unique properties, such as simple chemical synthesis of lipid components, scalable manufacturing processes of LNPs, and wide packaging capability. LNPs represent the most widely used delivery systems for RNA-based therapeutics, as evidenced by the clinical approvals of three LNP-RNA formulations, patisiran, BNT162b2, and mRNA-1273. This review covers recent advances of lipids, lipid derivatives, and lipid-derived macromolecules used in RNA delivery over the past several decades. We focus mainly on their chemical structures, synthetic routes, characterization, formulation methods, and structure-activity relationships. We also briefly describe the current status of representative preclinical studies and clinical trials and highlight future opportunities and challenges.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuebao Zhang
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Changzhen Sun
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Chang Wang
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Katarina E Jankovic
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Yizhou Dong
- Division of Pharmaceutics & Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Center for Clinical and Translational Science, The Comprehensive Cancer Center, Dorothy M. Davis Heart & Lung Research Institute, Department of Radiation Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Misra SK, Moitra P, Kondaiah P, Bhattacharya S. Breaking the Barrier of Polynucleotide Size, Type, and Topology in Smad2 Antisense Therapy Using a Cationic Cholesterol Dimer with Flexible Spacer. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:7712-7721. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Santosh K. Misra
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Parikshit Moitra
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- Department of Pediatrics, Center for Blood Oxygen Transport and Hemostasis, School of Medicine, Health Sciences Facility III, University of Maryland Baltimore, 670 W Baltimore St, Baltimore, Maryland 21201, United States
| | - Paturu Kondaiah
- Department of Molecular Reproduction, Development and Genetics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
| | - Santanu Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560 012, India
- Technical Research Centre, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Kolkata 700032, India
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Gigante A, Li M, Junghänel S, Hirschhäuser C, Knauer S, Schmuck C. Non-viral transfection vectors: are hybrid materials the way forward? MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1692-1718. [PMID: 32180915 PMCID: PMC7053704 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00275h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Transfection is a process by which oligonucleotides (DNA or RNA) are delivered into living cells. This allows the synthesis of target proteins as well as their inhibition (gene silencing). However, oligonucleotides cannot cross the plasma membrane by themselves; therefore, efficient carriers are needed for successful gene delivery. Recombinant viruses are among the earliest described vectors. Unfortunately, they have severe drawbacks such as toxicity and immunogenicity. In this regard, the development of non-viral transfection vectors has attracted increasing interests, and has become an important field of research. In the first part of this review we start with a tutorial introduction into the biological backgrounds of gene transfection followed by the classical non-viral vectors (cationic organic carriers and inorganic nanoparticles). In the second part we highlight selected recent reports, which demonstrate that hybrid vectors that combine key features of classical carriers are a remarkable strategy to address the current challenges in gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Gigante
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
| | - M Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
| | - S Junghänel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
- Biomedical Technology Center of the Medical Faculty , University of Muenster , Muenster , Germany
| | - C Hirschhäuser
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
| | - S Knauer
- Faculty of Biology , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany
| | - C Schmuck
- Institute of Organic Chemistry , University of Duisburg-Essen , 45141 Essen , Germany .
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shende P, Khair R, Gaud RS. Nanostructured cochleates: a multi-layered platform for cellular transportation of therapeutics. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2019; 45:869-881. [PMID: 30767577 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2019.1583757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Among lipid-based nanocarriers, multi-layered cochleates emerge as a novel delivery system because of prevention of oxidation of hydrophobic and hydrophilic drugs, enhancement in permeability, and reduction in dose of drugs. It also improves oral bioavailability and increases the safety of a drug by targeting at a specific site with less side effects. Nanostructured cochleates are used as a carrier for the delivery of water-insoluble or hydrophobic drugs of anticancer, antiviral and anti-inflammatory action. This review article focuses on different methods for preparation of cochleates, mechanism of formation of cochleates, mechanism of action like cochleate undergoes macrophagic endocytosis and release the drug into the systemic circulation by acting on membrane proteins, phospholipids, and receptors. Advanced methods such as calcium-substituted and β-cyclodextrin-based cochleates, novel techniques include microfluidic and modified trapping method. Cochleates showed enhancement in oral bioavailability of amphotericin B, delivery of factor VII, oral mucosal vaccine adjuvant-delivery system, and delivery of volatile oil. In near future, cochleate will be one of the interesting delivery systems to overcome the stability and encapsulation efficiency issues associated with liposomes. The current limiting factors for commercial preparation of cochleates involve high cost of manufacturing, lack of standardization, and specialized equipments.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pravin Shende
- a Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management , SVKM's NMIMS , Mumbai , India
| | - Rohan Khair
- a Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management , SVKM's NMIMS , Mumbai , India
| | - Ram S Gaud
- a Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management , SVKM's NMIMS , Mumbai , India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tassler S, Pawlowska D, Janich C, Dobner B, Wölk C, Brezesinski G. Lysine-based amino-functionalized lipids for gene transfection: the influence of the chain composition on 2D properties. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:6936-6944. [PMID: 29464262 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00047f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The influence of the chain composition on the physical-chemical properties will be discussed for five transfection lipids containing the same lysine-based head group. For this purpose, the chain composition will be gradually varied from saturated tetradecyl (C14:0) and hexadecyl (C16:0) chains to longer but unsaturated oleyl (C18:1) chains with double bonds in the cis configuration. In this work, we investigated the lipids as Langmuir monolayers at the air-water-interface in the absence and presence of calf thymus DNA applying different techniques such as infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (IRRAS) and grazing incidence X-ray diffraction (GIXD). The replacement of saturated tetradecyl (C14:0) and hexadecyl (C16:0) chains by unsaturated oleyl (C18:1) chains increases the fluidity of the lipid monolayer: TH10 < TT10 < OH10 < OT10 < OO10 resulting in a smaller packing density. TH10 forms the stiffest and OO10 the most fluid monolayer in this structure-property study. OO10 has a higher protonation degree compared to the saturated lipids TT10 and TH10 as well as to the hybrids OT10 and OH10 because of a better accessibility of the amine groups. Depending on the bulk pH, different scenarios of DNA coupling to the lipid monolayers have been proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Tassler
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Potsdam-Golm, Am Mühlenberg 1, 14476 Potsdam, Germany.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Rangasami VK, Lohchania B, Voshavar C, Rachamalla HR, Banerjee R, Dhayani A, Thangavel S, Vemula PK, Marepally S. Exploring membrane permeability of Tomatidine to enhance lipid mediated nucleic acid transfections. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2018; 1861:327-334. [PMID: 29902420 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 05/05/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Intracellular delivery of nucleic acids is one of the critical steps in the transfections. Prior findings demonstrated various strategies including membrane fusion, endosomal escape for the efficient cytoplasmic delivery. In our continuing efforts to improve the nucleic acids transfections, we harnessed cell permeable properties of Tomatidine (T), a steroidal alkaloid abundantly found in green tomatoes for maximizing intracellular delivery of lipoplexes. We doped Tomatidine into liposomes of cationic lipid with amide linker (A) from our lipid library. Six liposomal formulations (AT) of Lipid A (1 mM) with varying concentrations of Tomatidine (0-1 mM) were prepared and evaluated for their transfection efficacies. Owing to its signature characteristic of cell membrane permeability, Tomatidine modulated endocytosis process, enhanced the intracellular delivery of the lipoplexes, and in turn increased the transfection efficacy of cationic liposomes. Our findings provide 'proof of concept' for enhancing transfections in gene delivery applications with Tomatidine in cationic liposomal formulations. These findings can be further applied in lipid mediated gene therapy and drug delivery applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh K Rangasami
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India
| | - Brijesh Lohchania
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India
| | | | | | - Rajkumar Banerjee
- Biomaterials Group, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500 007, India
| | - Ashish Dhayani
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India; The School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur-613401,Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Praveen K Vemula
- Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.
| | - Srujan Marepally
- Centre for Stem Cell Research, Christian Medical College Campus, Bagayam, Vellore 632002, India; Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine (inStem), GKVK-post, Bellary Road, Bengaluru 560065, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Kolašinac R, Kleusch C, Braun T, Merkel R, Csiszár A. Deciphering the Functional Composition of Fusogenic Liposomes. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19020346. [PMID: 29364187 PMCID: PMC5855568 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19020346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cationic liposomes are frequently used as carrier particles for nucleic acid delivery. The most popular formulation is the equimolar mixture of two components, a cationic lipid and a neutral phosphoethanolamine. Its uptake pathway has been described as endocytosis. The presence of an aromatic molecule as a third component strongly influences the cellular uptake process and results in complete membrane fusion instead of endocytosis. Here, we systematically varied all three components of this lipid mixture and determined how efficiently the resulting particles fused with the plasma membrane of living mammalian cells. Our results show that an aromatic molecule and a cationic lipid component with conical molecular shape are essential for efficient fusion induction. While a neutral lipid is not mandatory, it can be used to control fusion efficiency and, in the most extreme case, to revert the uptake mechanism back to endocytosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rejhana Kolašinac
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-7), Biomechanics, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Christian Kleusch
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-7), Biomechanics, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Tobias Braun
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-7), Biomechanics, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Rudolf Merkel
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-7), Biomechanics, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Agnes Csiszár
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Institute of Complex Systems (ICS-7), Biomechanics, 52425 Jülich, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shi J, Yu S, Zhu J, Zhi D, Zhao Y, Cui S, Zhang S. Carbamate-linked cationic lipids with different hydrocarbon chains for gene delivery. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2016; 141:417-422. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2016.02.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2015] [Revised: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
10
|
Wan N, Jia YY, Hou YL, Ma XX, He YS, Li C, Zhou SY, Zhang BL. Preparation, Physicochemical Properties, and Transfection Activities of Tartaric Acid-Based Cationic Lipids as Effective Nonviral Gene Delivery Vectors. Biol Pharm Bull 2016; 39:1112-20. [PMID: 27118165 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
In this work two novel cationic lipids using natural tartaric acid as linking backbone were synthesized. These cationic lipids were simply constructed by tartaric acid backbone using head group 6-aminocaproic acid and saturated hydrocarbon chains dodecanol (T-C12-AH) or hexadecanol (T-C16-AH). The physicochemical properties, gel electrophoresis, transfection activities, and cytotoxicity of cationic liposomes were tested. The optimum formulation for T-C12-AH and T-C16-AH was at cationic lipid/dioleoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DOPE) molar ratio of 1 : 0.5 and 1 : 2, respectively, and N/P charge molar ratio of 1 : 1 and 1 : 1, respectively. Under optimized conditions, T-C12-AH and T-C16-AH showed effective gene transfection capabilities, superior or comparable to that of commercially available transfecting reagent 3β-[N-(N',N'-dimethylaminoethyl)carbamoyl]cholesterol (DC-Chol) and N-[2,3-dioleoyloxypropyl]-N,N,N-trimethylammonium chloride (DOTAP). The results demonstrated that the two novel tartaric acid-based cationic lipids exhibited low toxicity and efficient transfection performance, offering an excellent prospect as nonviral vectors for gene delivery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Next generation macrocyclic and acyclic cationic lipids for gene transfer: Synthesis and in vitro evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2015; 23:6364-78. [PMID: 26346671 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2015.08.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Previously we reported the synthesis and in vitro evaluation of four novel, short-chain cationic lipid gene delivery vectors, characterized by acyclic or macrocyclic hydrophobic regions composed of, or derived from, two 7-carbon chains. Herein we describe a revised synthesis of an expanded library of related cationic lipids to include extended chain analogues, their formulation with plasmid DNA (pDNA) and in vitro delivery into Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO-K1) cells. The formulations were evaluated against each other based on structural differences in the hydrophobic domain and headgroup. Structurally the library is divided into four sets based on lipids derived from two 7- or two 11-carbon hydrophobic chains, C7 and C11 respectively, which possess either a dimethylamine or a trimethylamine derived headgroup. Each set includes four cationic lipids based on an acyclic or macrocyclic, saturated or unsaturated hydrophobic domain. All lipids were co-formulated with the commercial cationic lipid 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-ethylphosphocholine (EPC) in a 1:1 molar ratio, along with one of two distinct neutral co-lipids, cholesterol or 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE) in an overall cationic-to-neutral lipid molar ratio of 3:2. Binding of lipid formulations with DNA, and packing morphology associated with the individual lipid-DNA complexes were characterized by gel electrophoresis and small angle X-ray diffraction (SAXD), respectively. As a general trend, lipoplex formulations based on mismatched binary cationic lipids, composed of a shorter C7 lipid and the longer lipid EPC (C14), were generally associated with higher transfection efficiency and lower cytotoxicity than their more closely matched C11/EPC binary lipid formulation counterparts. Furthermore, the cyclic lipids gave transfection levels as high as or greater than their acyclic counterparts, and formulations with cholesterol exhibited higher transfection and lower cytotoxicity than those formulated with DOPE. A number of the lipid formulations with cholesterol as co-lipid performed as well as, or better than Lipofectamine 2000™ and EPC, the two positive controls employed in these studies. These results suggest that our novel cyclic and acyclic cationic lipid vectors are effective nonviral gene transfer agents that warrant further investigation.
Collapse
|
12
|
Damen M, Cristóbal-Lecina E, Sanmartí GC, van Dongen SFM, García Rodríguez CL, Dolbnya IP, Nolte RJM, Feiters MC. Structure-delivery relationships of lysine-based gemini surfactants and their lipoplexes. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:5702-5714. [PMID: 24969740 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm00881b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and properties of gemini surfactants of the type (R(1)(CO)-Lys(H)-NH)2(CH2)n are reported. For a spacer length of n = 6, the hydrophobic acyl tail was varied in length (R(1) = C8, C10, C12, C14, C16, and C18) and, for R(1) = C18, the degree of unsaturation. For R(1)(CO) = oleoyl (C18:1 Z) the spacer length (n = 2-8) and the stereochemistry of the lysine building block were varied; a 'half-gemini' derivative with a single oleoyl tail and head group was also prepared. The potential of the gemini surfactants to transfer polynucleotides across a cell membrane was investigated by transfection of HeLa cells with beta-galactosidase, both in the presence and absence of the helper lipid DOPE. Oleoyl was found to be by far the best hydrophobic tail for this biological activity, whereas the effect of the lysine stereochemistry was less pronounced. The effect of an optimum spacer length (n = 6) was observed only in the absence of helper lipid. The most active surfactant, i.e. the one with oleoyl chains and n = 6, formed liposomes with sizes in the range of 60-350 nm, and its lipoplex underwent a transition from a lamellar to a hexagonal morphology upon lowering the pH from 7 to 3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark Damen
- Radboud University Nijmegen, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Heijendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhi D, Zhang S, Cui S, Zhao Y, Wang Y, Zhao D. The Headgroup Evolution of Cationic Lipids for Gene Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:487-519. [DOI: 10.1021/bc300381s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Defu Zhi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bio-resources Utilization, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Shubiao Zhang
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bio-resources Utilization, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Shaohui Cui
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bio-resources Utilization, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Yinan Zhao
- State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry
of Education Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bio-resources Utilization, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian 116600, China
| | | | - Defeng Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Fine
Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116012, China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Perrone S, Usai M, Lazzari P, Tucker SJ, Wallace HM, Zanda M. Efficient Cell Transfection with Melamine-Based Gemini Surfactants. Bioconjug Chem 2013; 24:176-87. [DOI: 10.1021/bc3004292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Serena Perrone
- Kosterlitz Centre
for Therapeutics,
Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25
2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Michele Usai
- KemoTech s.r.l., Parco Scientifico della Sardegna, Edificio 3, Loc.
Piscinamanna, 09010 Pula (CA), Italy
| | - Paolo Lazzari
- KemoTech s.r.l., Parco Scientifico della Sardegna, Edificio 3, Loc.
Piscinamanna, 09010 Pula (CA), Italy
- Department of Chemistry and
Pharmacy, University of Sassari (SS), Via
F.Muroni 23/A, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Steven J. Tucker
- Kosterlitz Centre
for Therapeutics,
Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25
2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Heather M. Wallace
- Kosterlitz Centre
for Therapeutics,
Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25
2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Matteo Zanda
- Kosterlitz Centre
for Therapeutics,
Institute of Medical Sciences, School of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25
2ZD, Scotland, United Kingdom
- C.N.R.-I.C.R.M., via Mancinelli 7, 20131
Milano, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Goldring WP, Jubeli E, Downs RA, Johnston AJ, Abdul Khalique N, Raju L, Wafadari D, Pungente MD. Novel macrocyclic and acyclic cationic lipids for gene transfer: Synthesis and in vitro evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:4686-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.05.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2012] [Accepted: 05/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|
16
|
Fluorescence methods for lipoplex characterization. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2011; 1808:2694-705. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2011.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2011] [Revised: 06/29/2011] [Accepted: 07/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
17
|
Zhang J, Fan H, Levorse DA, Crocker LS. Interaction of cholesterol-conjugated ionizable amino lipids with biomembranes: lipid polymorphism, structure-activity relationship, and implications for siRNA delivery. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:9473-9483. [PMID: 21648950 DOI: 10.1021/la201464k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of siRNA is a major obstacle to the advancement of RNAi as a novel therapeutic modality. Lipid nanoparticles (LNP) consisting of ionizable amino lipids are being developed as an important delivery platform for siRNAs, and significant efforts are being made to understand the structure-activity relationship (SAR) of the lipids. This article uses a combination of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to evaluate the interaction between cholesterol-conjugated ionizable amino lipids and biomembranes, focusing on an important area of lipid SAR--the ability of lipids to destabilize membrane bilayer structures and facilitate endosomal escape. In this study, cholesterol-conjugated amino lipids were found to be effective in increasing the order of biomembranes and also highly effective in inducing phase changes in biological membranes in vitro (i.e., the lamellar to inverted hexagonal phase transition). The phase transition temperatures, determined using SAXS and DSC, serve as an indicator for ranking the potency of lipids to destabilize endosomal membranes. It was found that the bilayer disruption ability of amino lipids depends strongly on the amino lipid concentration in membranes. Amino lipids with systematic variations in headgroups, the extent of ionization, tail length, the degree of unsaturation, and tail asymmetry were evaluated for their bilayer disruption ability to establish SAR. Overall, it was found that the impact of these lipid structure changes on their bilayer disruption ability agrees well with the results from a conceptual molecular "shape" analysis. Implications of the findings from this study for siRNA delivery are discussed. The methods reported here can be used to support the SAR screening of cationic lipids for siRNA delivery, and the information revealed through the study of the interaction between cationic lipids and biomembranes will contribute significantly to the design of more efficient siRNA delivery vehicles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingtao Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., West Point, Pennsylvania, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kudsiova L, Ho J, Fridrich B, Harvey R, Keppler M, Ng T, Hart SL, Tabor AB, Hailes HC, Lawrence* MJ. Lipid chain geometry of C14 glycerol-based lipids: effect on lipoplex structure and transfection. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 7:422-36. [DOI: 10.1039/c0mb00149j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
|
19
|
Liposomes for use in gene delivery. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2010; 2011:326497. [PMID: 21490748 PMCID: PMC3066571 DOI: 10.1155/2011/326497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 220] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2010] [Accepted: 10/29/2010] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Liposomes have a wide array of uses that have been continuously expanded and improved upon since first being observed to self-assemble into vesicular structures. These arrangements can be found in many shapes and sizes depending on lipid composition. Liposomes are often used to deliver a molecular cargo such as DNA for therapeutic benefit. The lipids used to form such lipoplexes can be cationic, anionic, neutral, or a mixture thereof. Herein physical packing parameters and specific lipids used for gene delivery will be discussed, with lipids classified according to overall charge.
Collapse
|
20
|
Zhi D, Zhang S, Wang B, Zhao Y, Yang B, Yu S. Transfection Efficiency of Cationic Lipids with Different Hydrophobic Domains in Gene Delivery. Bioconjug Chem 2010; 21:563-77. [DOI: 10.1021/bc900393r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- DeFu Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116600, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116029
| | - ShuBiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116600, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116029
| | - Bing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116600, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116029
| | - YiNan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116600, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116029
| | - BaoLing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116600, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116029
| | - ShiJun Yu
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization, The State Ethnic Affairs Commission-Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Nationalities University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116600, and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, Liaoning, China 116029
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Hsieh ATH, Hori N, Massoudi R, Pan PJH, Sasaki H, Lin YA, Lee AP. Nonviral gene vector formation in monodispersed picolitre incubator for consistent gene delivery. LAB ON A CHIP 2009; 9:2638-2643. [PMID: 19704978 DOI: 10.1039/b823191e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
A novel picolitre incubator based microfluidic system for consistent nonviral gene carrier formulation is presented. A cationic lipid-based carrier is the most attractive nonviral solution for delivering plasmid DNA, shRNA, or drugs for pharmaceutical research and RNAi applications. The size of the cationic lipid and DNA complex (CL-DNA), or the lipoplex, is one of the important variations for consistency of gene transfection. CL-DNA size, in turn, may be controlled by factors such as the cationic lipid and DNA mixing order, mixing rate, and mixture incubation time. The Picolitre Microfluidic Reactor and Incubator (PMRI) system described here is able to control these parameters in order to create homogeneous CL-DNA. Compared with conventional CL-DNA preparation techniques involving hand-shaking or vortexing, the PMRI system demonstrates a greater ability to constantly and uniformly mix cationic lipids and DNA simultaneously. After mixing in the picolitre droplet reactors, the cationic lipid and DNA is incubated within the picolitre incubator to form CL-DNA. The PMRI generates a narrower size distribution band, while also turning the sample loading, mixing and incubation steps into an integrated process enabling the consistent formation of CL-DNA. The coefficient of variation (CV) of transfection efficiency is 0.05 and 0.30 for PMRI-based and conventional methods, respectively. In addition, this paper demonstrates that the gene transfection efficiency of lipoplex created in the PMRI is more reproducible.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Albert Tsung-Hsi Hsieh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
The influence of size, lipid composition and bilayer fluidity of cationic liposomes on the transfection efficiency of nanolipoplexes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2009; 72:1-5. [PMID: 19395245 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2009.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2009] [Revised: 03/01/2009] [Accepted: 03/08/2009] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Among non-viral vectors, cationic liposomes are the most promising carriers in gene delivery. But the most critical issue about their application is their low transfection efficiency compared to viral vectors. In this study, we tried to make a comparison between transfection efficiency of different liposomal formulations and to investigate the effect of membrane fluidity and other physical properties of liposomes and lipoplexes such as size and charge ratio on the transfection efficiency in in vitro environment. Different gene delivery systems were developed by using liposomes composed of 1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane (DOTAP) or 3-beta-[N-(N'N'-dimethylaminoethane)-carbamoyl] cholesterol (DC-CHOL) in combination with other lipids including 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DPPC), 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DOPE), egg L-alpha-phosphatidylcholine (EPC) and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine (DPPE). These multilamellar vesicle (MLV) liposomes were extruded through 100 nm polycarbonate filters to produce small unilamellar vesicles (SUVs). Transfection activity of these lipoplexes in Neuro2A cells was tested using pRL-CMV encoding Renilla luciferase. We could not establish any direct correlation between high fluid membranes and high transfection efficiency because DOTAP:DPPE had a better result than DOTAP:DOPE while DC-CHOL:DOPE was more successful in gene transfer than DC-CHOL:DPPE. It was revealed that the use of these two helper lipids with different Tm (DPPE: 64 degrees C and DOPE: -11 degrees C) along with DOTAP increased transfection efficiency but formulation of these phospholipids with DC-CHOL was led to a significant reduction in transfection activity. Generally, DOTAP:DPPE, DC-CHOL:DOPE and DOTAP:DOPE:DPPE formulations showed the highest transfection activity. The results of this study showed that, in designing of liposome based non-viral vectors, different parameters such as size, lipid composition and the use of helper lipid should be considered.
Collapse
|
23
|
Giordano C, Causa F, Bianco F, Perale G, Netti PA, Ambrosio L, Cigada A. Gene delivery systems for gene therapy in tissue engineering and central nervous system applications. Int J Artif Organs 2009; 31:1017-26. [PMID: 19115193 DOI: 10.1177/039139880803101205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The present review aims to describe the potential applications of gene delivery systems to tissue engineering and central nervous system diseases. Some key experimental work has been done with interesting results, but the subject is far from being fully explored. The combined approach of gene therapy and material science has a huge potential to improve the therapeutic approaches now available for a wide range of medical applications. Focus is given to this multidisciplinary strategy in neurodegenerative pathologies, where the use of polymeric matrices as gene carriers might make a crucial difference.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Giordano
- Department of Chemistry, Materials and Chemical Engineering G. Natta, Politecnico di Milano, Milano, Italy.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
McMahon A, Gomez E, Donohue R, Forde D, Darcy R, O'Driscoll C. Cyclodextrin gene vectors: cell trafficking and the influence of lipophilic chain length. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(08)50060-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
25
|
Wong JB, Grosse S, Tabor AB, Hart SL, Hailes HC. Acid cleavable PEG-lipids for applications in a ternary gene delivery vector. MOLECULAR BIOSYSTEMS 2008; 4:532-41. [DOI: 10.1039/b719782a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
26
|
Hurley CA, Wong JB, Ho J, Writer M, Irvine SA, Lawrence MJ, Hart SL, Tabor AB, Hailes HC. Mono- and dicationic short PEG and methylene dioxyalkylglycerols for use in synthetic gene delivery systems. Org Biomol Chem 2008; 6:2554-9. [DOI: 10.1039/b719702k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
|
27
|
Leblond J, Mignet N, Largeau C, Seguin J, Scherman D, Herscovici J. Lipopolythiourea Transfecting Agents: Lysine Thiourea Derivatives. Bioconjug Chem 2007; 19:306-14. [DOI: 10.1021/bc7001924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Leblond
- Inserm, U640, Paris F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris F-75006, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris F-75005, France, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, France, Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris F-75270, France, and Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre, CNRS, FR 2769, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Nathalie Mignet
- Inserm, U640, Paris F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris F-75006, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris F-75005, France, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, France, Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris F-75270, France, and Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre, CNRS, FR 2769, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Céline Largeau
- Inserm, U640, Paris F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris F-75006, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris F-75005, France, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, France, Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris F-75270, France, and Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre, CNRS, FR 2769, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Johanne Seguin
- Inserm, U640, Paris F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris F-75006, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris F-75005, France, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, France, Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris F-75270, France, and Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre, CNRS, FR 2769, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Daniel Scherman
- Inserm, U640, Paris F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris F-75006, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris F-75005, France, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, France, Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris F-75270, France, and Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre, CNRS, FR 2769, Paris F-75005, France
| | - Jean Herscovici
- Inserm, U640, Paris F-75006, France, CNRS, UMR8151, Paris F-75006, France, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Paris, Paris F-75005, France, Unité de Pharmacologie Chimique et Génétique, France, Université Paris-Descartes, Faculté de Pharmacie, Paris F-75270, France, and Chimie Moléculaire de Paris Centre, CNRS, FR 2769, Paris F-75005, France
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Spelios M, Savva M. Novel N,N '-diacyl-1,3-diaminopropyl-2-carbamoyl bivalent cationic lipids for gene delivery--synthesis, in vitro transfection activity, and physicochemical characterization. FEBS J 2007; 275:148-62. [PMID: 18067582 DOI: 10.1111/j.1742-4658.2007.06185.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Novel N,N'-diacyl-1,3-diaminopropyl-2-carbamoyl bivalent cationic lipids were synthesized and their physicochemical properties in lamellar assemblies with and without plasmid DNA were evaluated to elucidate the structural requirements of these double-chained pH-sensitive surfactants for potent non-viral gene delivery and expression. The highest in vitro transfection efficacies were induced at +/-4:1 by the dimyristoyl, dipalmitoyl and dioleoyl derivatives 1,3lb2, 1,3lb3 and 1,3lb5, respectively, without inclusion of helper lipids. Transfection activities were reduced in the presence of either 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine alone or in combination with cholesterol for all derivatives except 1,3lb5, which maintained reporter gene expression levels at +/-4:1 and yielded increased lipofection activity at a lower charge ratio of +/-2:1. Ethidium bromide displacement indicated efficient plasmid DNA binding and compaction by the transfection-competent analogs. Dynamic light-scattering and electrophoretic mobility studies revealed lipoplexes of the active lipids with large particle sizes (mean diameter>or=500 nm) and zeta potentials with positive values (low ionic strength) or below neutrality (high ionic strength). Langmuir film balance studies showed high in-plane elasticity of these derivatives in isolation. In agreement with the monolayer experiments, fluorescence polarization studies verified the fluid nature of the highly transfection-efficient amphiphiles, with gel-to-liquid crystalline phase transitions below physiological temperature. The active compounds also interacted with endosome-mimicking vesicles to a greater extent than the poorly active derivative 1,3lb4, as revealed by fluorescence resonance energy transfer experiments. Taken together, the results suggest that well-hydrated and highly elastic cationic lipids with increased acyl chain fluidity and minimal cytotoxicity elicit high transfection activity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Spelios
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Arnold & Marie Schwartz College of Pharmacy & Health Sciences, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Writer M, Hurley CA, Sarkar S, Copeman DM, Wong JB, Odlyha M, Jayne Lawrence M, Tabor AB, McAnulty RJ, Ayazi Shamlou P, Hailes HC, Hart SL. Analysis and optimization of the cationic lipid component of a lipid/peptide vector formulation for enhanced transfection in vitro and in vivo. J Liposome Res 2007; 16:373-89. [PMID: 17162579 DOI: 10.1080/08982100600992500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We have previously described a lipopolyplex formulation comprising a mixture of a cationic peptide with an integrin-targeting motif (K16GACRRETAWACG) and Lipofectin, a liposome consisting of DOTMA and DOPE in a 1:1 ratio. The high transfection efficiency of the mixture involved a synergistic interaction between the lipid/peptide components. The aim of this study was to substitute the lipid component of the lipopolyplex to optimize transfection further and to seek information on the structure-activity relationship of the lipids in the lipopolyplex. Symmetrical cationic lipids with diether linkages that varied in alkyl chain length were formulated into liposomes and then incorporated into a lipopolyplex by mixing with an integrin-targeting peptide and plasmid DNA. Luciferase transfections were performed of airway epithelial cells and fibroblasts in vitro and murine lung airways in vivo. The biophysical properties of lipid structures and liposome formulations and their potential effects on bilayer membrane fluidity were determined by differential scanning calorimetry and calcein-release assays. Shortening the alkyl tail from C18 to C16 or C14 enhanced lipopolyplex and lipoplex transfection in vitro but with differing effects. The addition of DOPE enhanced transfection when formulated into liposomes with saturated lipids but was more variable in its effects with unsaturated lipids. A substantial improvement in transfection efficacy was seen in murine lung transfection with unsaturated lipids with 16 carbon alkyl tails. The optimal liposome components of lipopolyplex and lipoplex vary and represent a likely compromise between their differing structural and functional requirements for complex formation and endosomal membrane destabilization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michele Writer
- Wolfson Centre for Gene Therapy of Childhood Disease, UCL Institute of Child Health, London, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
|
31
|
Brgles M, Halassy B, Tomasić J, Santak M, Forcić D, Barut M, Strancar A. Determination of DNA entrapment into liposomes using short monolithic columns. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1144:150-4. [PMID: 17113586 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2006] [Revised: 10/31/2006] [Accepted: 11/02/2006] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
A high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method for the determination of DNA entrapment efficiency in liposomes has been developed. Plasmid DNA was encapsulated into positively charged liposomes. Non-entrapped DNA was separated by ultracentrifugation from liposomes and supernatant was chromatographed on Convective Interaction Media (CIM) DEAE disk. The elution of DNA was monitored by the absorbance at 260 nm and the quantity of DNA in the tested sample was calculated from the integrated peak areas using the appropriate standard curve. This method is fast, simple, precise and does not require any kind of DNA labelling in contrast with mostly used methods for determination of DNA entrapment efficiency.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Brgles
- Institute of Immunology Inc., Rockefellerova 10, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Abstract
Cationic lipids are conceptually and methodologically simple tools to deliver nucleic acids into the cells. Strategies based on cationic lipids are viable alternatives to viral vectors and are becoming increasingly popular owing to their minimal toxicity. The first-generation cationic lipids were built around the quaternary nitrogen primarily for binding and condensing DNA. A large number of lipids with variations in the hydrophobic and hydrophilic region were generated with excellent transfection efficiencies in vitro. These cationic lipids had reduced efficiencies when tested for gene delivery in vivo. Efforts in the last decade delineated the cell biological basis of the cationic lipid gene delivery to a significant detail. The application of techniques such as small angle X-ray spectroscopy (SAXS) and fluorescence microscopy, helped in linking the physical properties of lipid:DNA complex (lipoplex) with its intracellular fate. This biological knowledge has been incorporated in the design of the second-generation cationic lipids. Lipid-peptide conjugates (peptoids) are effective strategies to overcome the various cellular barriers along with the lipoplex formulations methodologies. In this context, cationic lipid-mediated gene delivery is considerably benefited by the methodologies of liposome-mediated drug delivery. Lipid mediated gene delivery has an intrinsic advantage of being a biomimetic platform on which considerable variations could be built to develop efficient in vivo gene delivery protocols.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Madhusudhana Rao
- Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad, 500 007, India.
| | | |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kostarelos K, Miller AD. Synthetic, self-assembly ABCD nanoparticles; a structural paradigm for viable synthetic non-viral vectors. Chem Soc Rev 2005; 34:970-94. [PMID: 16239997 DOI: 10.1039/b307062j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy research is still in trouble owing to a paucity of acceptable vector systems to deliver nucleic acids to patients for therapy. Viral vectors are efficient but may be too dangerous. Synthetic non-viral vectors are inherently safer but are currently not efficient enough to be clinically viable. The solution for gene therapy lies with improved synthetic non-viral vectors systems. This review is focused on synthetic cationic liposome/micelle-based non-viral vector systems and is a critical review written to illustrate the increasing importance of chemistry in gene therapy research. This review should be of primary interest to synthetic chemists and biomedical researchers keen to appreciate emerging technologies, but also to biological scientists who remain to be convinced about the relevance of chemistry to biology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Kostarelos
- Imperial College Genetic Therapies Centre, Department of Chemistry, Flowers Building, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AY, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Prasad TK, Rangaraj N, Rao NM. Quantitative aspects of endocytic activity in lipid-mediated transfections. FEBS Lett 2005; 579:2635-42. [PMID: 15862302 DOI: 10.1016/j.febslet.2005.03.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2005] [Revised: 03/14/2005] [Accepted: 03/30/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Variation in transfection efficiency observed in different cell-types is poorly understood. To investigate the influence of endocytic activity on lipid-mediated transfections, we have monitored both the processes in 12 different cell-types. The endocytic activity shows a strong positive correlation (P < 0.01), with transfection efficiency. Treatment with wortmannin resulted in cell-type-dependent inhibition of transfection. Studies on M-phase cells by confocal microscopy show that compared to interphase cells, uptake of cationic liposomes was substantially reduced. In addition, transfection efficiency of cells in mitotic phase was inhibited by >70% compared to controls. Our study based on several cell-types demonstrates for the first time that quantitative aspects of endocytosis have decisive influence on the overall process of lipid-mediated transgene expression.
Collapse
|
35
|
Madeira C, Fedorov A, Aires-Barros MR, Prieto M, Loura LMS. Photophysical Behavior of a Dimeric Cyanine Dye (BOBO-1) Within Cationic Liposomes. Photochem Photobiol 2005; 81:1450-9. [PMID: 16029081 DOI: 10.1562/2005-03-16-ra-464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study is aimed at establishing optimal conditions for the use of 2,2'-[1,3-propanediylbis[(dimethyliminio)-3,1-propanediyl-1(4H)-pyridinyl-4-ylidenemethy-lidyne]]bis[3-methyl]-tetraiodide (BOBO-1) as a fluorescent probe in the characterization of lipid/DNA complexes (lipoplexes). The fluorescence spectra, anisotropy, fluorescence lifetimes and fluorescence quantum yields of this dimeric cyanine dye in plasmid DNA (2694 base pairs) with and without cationic liposomes (1,2-dioleoyl-3-trimethylammonium-propane [DOTAP]), are reported. The photophysical behavior of the dye in the absence of lipid was studied for several dye/DNA ratios using both supercoiled and relaxed plasmid. At dye/DNA ratios (d/b) below 0.01 the fluorescence intensity increases linearly, whereas lifetime and anisotropy values of the dye are constant (tau approximately 2.5 ns and <r> = 0.20). By agarose gel electrophoresis it was verified that up to d/b = 0.01 DNA conformation is not considerably modified, whereas for d/b = 0.05-0.06 a single heavy band appears on the gel. For these and higher dye/DNA ratios the fluorescence intensity, anisotropy and average lifetime values decrease with an increase in BOBO-1 concentration. When cationic liposomes are added to the BOBO-1/DNA complex, an additional effect is noticed: The difference in the environment probed by BOBO-1 bound to DNA leads to a decrease in quantum yield and average lifetime values, and a redshift is apparent in the emission spectrum. For fluorescence measurements including energy transfer (FRET), a d/b ratio of 0.01 seems to be adequate because no considerable change on DNA conformation is detected, a considerable fluorescent signal is still measured after lipoplex formation, and energy migration is not efficient.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Madeira
- Centro de Engenharia Biológica e Química, Instituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Kostarelos K, Miller AD. What Role Can Chemistry Play in Cationic Liposome‐Based Gene Therapy Research Today? ADVANCES IN GENETICS 2005; 53PA:69-118. [PMID: 16243061 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2660(05)53004-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Gene therapy research is still in trouble owing to a paucity of acceptable vector systems to deliver nucleic acids to patients for therapy. Viral vectors are efficient but may be too dangerous for routine clinical use. Synthetic non-viral vectors are inherently much safer but are currently not efficient enough to be clinically viable. The solution for gene therapy lies with improved synthetic non-viral vectors based upon well-found platform technologies and a thorough understanding of the barriers to efficient gene delivery and expression (transfection) relevant to clinical applications of interest. Here we introduce and interpret synthetic non-viral vector systems through the ABCD nanoparticle structural paradigm that represents, in our view, an appropriate lens through which to view all synthetic, non-viral vector systems applicable to in vitro use or in vivo applications and gene therapy. Our intention in introducing this paradigm is to shift the focus of organic and physical chemists away from the design of yet another cytofectin, and instead encourage them to appreciate the wider challenges presented by the need to produce tool kits of meaningful chemical components from which to assemble viable, tailor-made nanoparticles for in vivo applications and gene therapy, both now and in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kostas Kostarelos
- Imperial College Genetic Therapies Centre, Department of Chemistry Imperial College London London, SW7 2AY, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Roth CM, Sundaram S. Engineering synthetic vectors for improved DNA delivery: insights from intracellular pathways. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2004; 6:397-426. [PMID: 15255775 DOI: 10.1146/annurev.bioeng.6.040803.140203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Significant progress has been made in the area of nonviral gene delivery to date. Yet, synthetic vectors remain less efficient by orders of magnitude than their viral counterparts. Research continues toward unraveling and overcoming various barriers to the efficient delivery of DNA, whether in plasmid form encoding a gene or as an oligonucleotide for the selective inhibition of target gene expression. Novel components for overcoming these hurdles are continually being incorporated into the design of synthetic vectors, leading to increasingly more virus-like particles. Despite these advances, general principles defining the design of synthetic vectors are yet to be developed fully. A more quantitative analysis of the cellular uptake and intracellular processing of these vectors is required for the rational manipulation of vector design. Mathematical frameworks with a more conceptual basis will help obtain an integrated perspective on these complex systems. In this review, we critically examine the progress made toward the improved design of synthetic vectors by the strategic exploitation of intracellular mechanisms and explore newer possibilities to overcome obstacles in the practical realization of this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Charles M Roth
- Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Symietz C, Schneider M, Brezesinski G, Möhwald H. DNA Alignment at Cationic Lipid Monolayers at the Air/Water Interface. Macromolecules 2004. [DOI: 10.1021/ma0348425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
|
39
|
Kasper F, Mikos AG. BIOMATERIALS AND GENE THERAPY. ADVANCES IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING: MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR FOUNDATIONS OF BIOMATERIALS 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2377(03)29005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
40
|
Cserháti T, Forgács E. Effect of pH and sodium chloride on the strength and selectivity of the interaction of gamma [correction for tau] -cyclodextrin with some antisense nucleosides. Int J Pharm 2003; 254:189-96. [PMID: 12623195 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-5173(03)00031-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The influence of pH and the concentration of sodium chloride on the strength and selectivity of the interaction of twelve 8-substituted-2'-deoxyadenosine and sixteen 5-substituted-2'-deoxyuridine derivatives with gamma-cyclodextrin (GCD) have been studied by the spectral mapping technique (SPM). The potency values of the spectral map were regarded as indicators of the capability of antisense nucleosides and GCD to interact simultaneously taking into consideration all relevant data. It has been established that the strength of interaction is highest in acetic and lowest in alkaline solutions, and the selectivities of acidic, alkaline and salt solutions are markedly different. The length of hydrophobic alkyl substituents in antisense molecules influenced both the strength and selectivity of the interaction. The character of the base structure affected only the selectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tibor Cserháti
- Chemical Research Center, Institute of Chemistry, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, PO Box 17, 1525 Budapest, Hungary.
| | | |
Collapse
|