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Topolski JE, Confer AM, Hu M, Brunskill A, Liu Y, Gunsch M, Wang X, DaSilva J, Newman J, Mozziconacci O, Ekladious I, Aggarwal P. Islatravir Dimer: Crystal Form Dependence of a Radiation-Induced Degradation Product. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:729-734. [PMID: 38175036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c00856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
A rare example of crystal form-dependent, gamma radiation-induced degradation is presented. Islatravir is known to exist in several polymorphic forms, but only one of these forms shows the generation of a specific dimer degradation product under gamma irradiation. Extended gamma irradiation studies demonstrated that only one of the known crystalline forms shows an appreciable rate of dimer formation. Additionally, this dimer is not observed to form under other forced stress conditions. We present the structural elucidation of this dimer impurity and rationalize its form-dependent generation based on the analysis of the underlying crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josey E Topolski
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Alex M Confer
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Mengwei Hu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Andrew Brunskill
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yong Liu
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Matthew Gunsch
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Xiao Wang
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Jimmy DaSilva
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Justin Newman
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Olivier Mozziconacci
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Iriny Ekladious
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Pankaj Aggarwal
- Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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2
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Brown M, Schramm VL. Decreased Transition-State Analogue Affinity in Isotopically Heavy MTAN with Increased Catalysis. Biochemistry 2023; 62:2928-2933. [PMID: 37788145 PMCID: PMC10636763 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
5'-Methylthioadenosine/S-adenosylhomocysteine nucleosidase from Helicobacter pylori (HpMTAN) demonstrated faster chemistry when expressed as an isotopically heavy protein, with 2H, 13C, and 15N replacing the bulk of normal isotopes. The inverse heavy enzyme isotope effect has been attributed to improved enzyme-reactant interactions causing more frequent transition-state formation ( Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 2021, 118, e2109118118). Transition-state analogues stabilize the transient dynamic geometry of the transition state and inform on transition-state dynamics. Here, a slow-onset, tight-binding transition-state analogue of HpMTAN is characterized with heavy and light enzymes. Dissociation constants for the initial encounter complex (Ki) and for the tightly bound complex after slow-onset inhibition (Ki*) with hexylthio-DADMe-Immucillin-A (HTDIA) gave Ki values for light and heavy HpMTAN = 52 ± 10 and 85 ± 13 pM and Ki* values = 5.9 ± 0.3 and 10.0 ± 1.2 pM, respectively. HTDIA dissociates from heavy HpMTAN at 0.063 ± 0.002 min-1, faster than that from light HpMTAN at 0.032 ± 0.004 min-1. These values are consistent with transition-state formation by an improved catalytic site dynamic search and inconsistent with catalytic efficiency proportional to tight binding of the transition state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morais Brown
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
| | - Vern L Schramm
- Department of Biochemistry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, New York 10461, United States
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3
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Festa C, Esposito V, Benigno D, De Marino S, Zampella A, Virgilio A, Galeone A. Discovering New G-Quadruplex DNA Catalysts in Enantioselective Sulfoxidation Reaction. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031092. [PMID: 35163018 PMCID: PMC8835054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The natural human telomeric G-quadruplex (G4) sequence d(GGGTTAGGGTTAGGGTTAGGG) HT21 was extensively utilized as a G4 DNA-based catalytic system for enantioselective reactions. Nine oligonucleotides (ODNs) based on this sequence and containing 8-bromo-2′-deoxyadenosine (ABr), 8-oxo-2′-deoxyadenosine (Aoxo) or β-L-2′-deoxyadenosine (AL) at different single loop positions were investigated to evaluate their performances as DNA catalysts in an enantioselective sulfoxidation reaction of thioanisole. The substitution of an adenosine in the loops of HT21 with these modified residues had a negligible impact on the G4 DNA structural features, thermal stability, and catalytic activity, since almost all investigated ODNs were able to form G-quadruplexes strictly resembling that of HT21 and catalyze a full conversion of the thioanisole substrate. More marked effects were obtained in chiral selectivity of G4 DNA metalloenzymes, considering that in most cases the DNA-modified catalysts induced lower enantioselectivities compared to the natural one. However, the HT21 derivative containing an AL residue in the first loop sequence significantly proved to be capable of producing about 84% enantiomeric excess, the highest enantioselectivity for DNA-based oxidation reaction to date.
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4
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Kayushin AL, Tokunova JA, Fateev IV, Arnautova AO, Berzina MY, Paramonov AS, Lutonina OI, Dorofeeva EV, Antonov KV, Esipov RS, Mikhailopulo IA, Miroshnikov AI, Konstantinova ID. Radical Dehalogenation and Purine Nucleoside Phosphorylase E. coli: How Does an Admixture of 2',3'-Anhydroinosine Hinder 2-fluoro-cordycepin Synthesis. Biomolecules 2021; 11:biom11040539. [PMID: 33917025 PMCID: PMC8067715 DOI: 10.3390/biom11040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
During the preparative synthesis of 2-fluorocordycepin from 2-fluoroadenosine and 3′-deoxyinosine catalyzed by E. coli purine nucleoside phosphorylase, a slowdown of the reaction and decrease of yield down to 5% were encountered. An unknown nucleoside was found in the reaction mixture and its structure was established. This nucleoside is formed from the admixture of 2′,3′-anhydroinosine, a byproduct in the preparation of 3-′deoxyinosine. Moreover, 2′,3′-anhydroinosine forms during radical dehalogenation of 9-(2′,5′-di-O-acetyl-3′-bromo- -3′-deoxyxylofuranosyl)hypoxanthine, a precursor of 3′-deoxyinosine in chemical synthesis. The products of 2′,3′-anhydroinosine hydrolysis inhibit the formation of 1-phospho-3-deoxyribose during the synthesis of 2-fluorocordycepin. The progress of 2′,3′-anhydroinosine hydrolysis was investigated. The reactions were performed in D2O instead of H2O; this allowed accumulating intermediate substances in sufficient quantities. Two intermediates were isolated and their structures were confirmed by mass and NMR spectroscopy. A mechanism of 2′,3′-anhydroinosine hydrolysis in D2O is fully determined for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey L. Kayushin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Julia A. Tokunova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Ilja V. Fateev
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Alexandra O. Arnautova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Maria Ya. Berzina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Alexander S. Paramonov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Olga I. Lutonina
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Elena V. Dorofeeva
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Konstantin V. Antonov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Roman S. Esipov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Igor A. Mikhailopulo
- Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences, Acad. Kuprevicha 5/2, 220141 Minsk, Belarus;
| | - Anatoly I. Miroshnikov
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
| | - Irina D. Konstantinova
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry RAS, Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 GSP, B-437 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.K.); (J.A.T.); (I.V.F.); (A.O.A.); (M.Y.B.); (A.S.P.); (O.I.L.); (E.V.D.); (K.V.A.); (R.S.E.); (A.I.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-905-791-17-19
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5
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Ghodke PP, Gonzalez-Vasquez G, Wang H, Johnson KM, Sedgeman CA, Guengerich FP. Enzymatic bypass of an N 6-deoxyadenosine DNA-ethylene dibromide-peptide cross-link by translesion DNA polymerases. J Biol Chem 2021; 296:100444. [PMID: 33617883 PMCID: PMC8024977 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.100444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Unrepaired DNA-protein cross-links, due to their bulky nature, can stall replication forks and result in genome instability. Large DNA-protein cross-links can be cleaved into DNA-peptide cross-links, but the extent to which these smaller fragments disrupt normal replication is not clear. Ethylene dibromide (1,2-dibromoethane) is a known carcinogen that can cross-link the repair protein O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase (AGT) to the N6 position of deoxyadenosine (dA) in DNA, as well as four other positions in DNA. We investigated the effect of a 15-mer peptide from the active site of AGT, cross-linked to the N6 position of dA, on DNA replication by human translesion synthesis DNA polymerases (Pols) η, ⍳, and κ. The peptide-DNA cross-link was bypassed by the three polymerases at different rates. In steady-state kinetics, the specificity constant (kcat/Km) for incorporation of the correct nucleotide opposite to the adduct decreased by 220-fold with Pol κ, tenfold with pol η, and not at all with Pol ⍳. Pol η incorporated all four nucleotides across from the lesion, with the preference dT > dC > dA > dG, while Pol ⍳ and κ only incorporated the correct nucleotide. However, LC-MS/MS analysis of the primer-template extension product revealed error-free bypass of the cross-linked 15-mer peptide by Pol η. We conclude that a bulky 15-mer peptide cross-linked to the N6 position of dA can retard polymerization and cause miscoding but that overall fidelity is not compromised because only correct pairs are extended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha P Ghodke
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | | | - Hui Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Kevin M Johnson
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Carl A Sedgeman
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - F Peter Guengerich
- Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
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Liu X, Lai W, Li Y, Chen S, Liu B, Zhang N, Mo J, Lyu C, Zheng J, Du YR, Jiang G, Xu GL, Wang H. N 6-methyladenine is incorporated into mammalian genome by DNA polymerase. Cell Res 2021; 31:94-97. [PMID: 32355286 PMCID: PMC7853133 DOI: 10.1038/s41422-020-0317-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Weiyi Lai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Yao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaokun Chen
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Baodong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Jiezhen Mo
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Cong Lyu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jing Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ya-Rui Du
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science/Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China
| | - Guo-Liang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science/Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200031, China
| | - Hailin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100085, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jianghan University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430056, China.
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7
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Dewantari AA, Yongwattana N, Payongsri P, Seemakhan S, Borwornpinyo S, Ojida A, Wongkongkatep J. Fluorescence Detection of Deoxyadenosine in Cordyceps spp. by Indicator Displacement Assay. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25092045. [PMID: 32353945 PMCID: PMC7248813 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25092045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
A rapid, sensitive and reliable indicator displacement assay (IDA) for specific detection of 2′- and 3′-deoxyadenosine (2′-dAde and 3′-dAde), the latter is also known as cordycepin, was established. The formation of inclusion complex between protonated acridine orange (AOH+) and cucurbit[7]uril (CB7) resulted in the hypochromic shift of fluorescent emission from 530 nm to 512 nm. Addition of cordycepin to the highly fluorescent AOH+/CB7 complex resulted in a unique tripartite AOH+/CB7/dAde complex with diminished fluorescence, and such reduction in emission intensity serves as the basis for our novel sensing system. The detection limits were 11 and 82 μM for 2′- and 3′-deoxyadenosine, respectively. The proposed method also demonstrated high selectivity toward 2′- and 3′-deoxyadenosine, owing to the inability of other deoxynucleosides, nucleosides and nucleotides commonly found in Cordyceps spp. to displace the AOH+ from the AOH+/CB7 complex, which was confirmed by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC), UV-Visible and proton nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-NMR) spectroscopy. Our method was successfully implemented in the analysis of cordycepin in commercially available Ophiocordyceps and Cordyceps supplements, providing a novel and effective tool for quality assessment of these precious fungi with several health benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arinta Agnie Dewantari
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Nattha Yongwattana
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Panwajee Payongsri
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
| | - Sawinee Seemakhan
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Suparerk Borwornpinyo
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
- Excellent Center for Drug Discovery, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;
| | - Akio Ojida
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan;
| | - Jirarut Wongkongkatep
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand; (A.A.D.); (N.Y.); (P.P.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +66-2201-5302
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Karwowski BT. Clustered DNA Damage: Electronic Properties and Their Influence on Charge Transfer. 7,8-Dihydro-8-Oxo-2'-Deoxyguaosine Versus 5',8-Cyclo-2'-Deoxyadenosines: A Theoretical Approach. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020424. [PMID: 32059490 PMCID: PMC7072346 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 3 × 1017 DNA damage events take place per hour in the human body. Within clustered DNA lesions, they pose a serious problem for repair proteins, especially for iron–sulfur glycosylases (MutyH), which can recognize them by the electron-transfer process. It has been found that the presence of both 5′,8-cyclo-2′-deoxyadenosine (cdA) diastereomers in the ds-DNA structure, as part of a clustered lesion, can influence vertical radical cation distribution within the proximal part of the double helix, i.e., d[~oxoGcAoxoG~] (7,8-dihydro-8-oxo-2′-deoxyguaosine - oxodG). Here, the influence of cdA, “the simplest tandem lesion”, on the charge transfer through ds-DNA was taken into theoretical consideration at the M062x/6-31+G** level of theory in the aqueous phase. It was shown that the presence of (5′S)- or (5′R)-cdA leads to a slowdown in the hole transfer by one order of magnitude between the neighboring dG→oxodG in comparison to “native” ds-DNA. Therefore, it can be concluded that such clustered lesions can lead to defective damage recognition with a subsequent slowing down of the DNA repair process, giving rise to an increase in mutations. As a result, the unrepaired, oxodG: dA base pair prior to genetic information replication can finally result in GC → TA or AT→CG transversion. This type of mutation is commonly observed in human cancer cells. Moreover, because local multiple damage sites (LMSD) are effectively produced as a result of ionization factors, the presented data in this article might be useful in developing a new scheme of radiotherapy treatment against the background of DNA repair efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boleslaw T Karwowski
- DNA Damage Laboratory of Food Science Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Lodz, ul. Muszynskiego 1, 90-151 Lodz, Poland
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9
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Niramitranon J, Pongprayoon P. Exploring the binding modes of cordycepin to human adenosine deaminase 1 (ADA1) compared to adenosine and 2'-deoxyadenosine. J Mol Model 2020; 26:29. [PMID: 31953681 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-4289-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine, abbreviated as COR) from Cordyceps shows a wide range of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant and anticancer effects, therefore representing a potential alternative medicine. However, COR has a short half-life in the human body, where it is metabolized by adenosine deaminase 1 (ADA1). ADA1 helps regulate adenosine levels by deaminating excess adenosine (ADE) and its derivatives, such as 2'-deoxyadenosine (DEO). Understanding binding mechanisms of ADA1 with COR in comparison with its other substrates will play a vital role in improving the bioactivity and lifetime of COR for commercial medicinal use. Recently, the first structure of human ADA1 in complex with DEO was solved. We therefore employed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to predict structures and dynamics of ADA1 complexing with ADE, DEO, and COR in comparison to a ligand-free (LF) structure. Our data reveal that a large and highly water-exposed binding pocket of ADA1 is responsible for ligand translocation and reorientation. Two possible binding locations (site1 and site2) are identified. The binding affinities of the ligands are ADE > COR > DEO. Furthermore, the movements of two loop regions at the binding pocket entrance, residues 183-193 and 215-230, contribute to gating activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitti Niramitranon
- Department of Computer engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
| | - Prapasiri Pongprayoon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
- Center for Advanced Studies in Nanotechnology for Chemical, Food and Agricultural Industries, KU Institute for Advanced Studies, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand.
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10
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Quy TN, Xuan TD, Andriana Y, Tran HD, Khanh TD, Teschke R. Cordycepin Isolated from Cordyceps militaris: Its Newly Discovered Herbicidal Property and Potential Plant-Based Novel Alternative to Glyphosate. Molecules 2019; 24:E2901. [PMID: 31405038 PMCID: PMC6720702 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24162901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
There is currently much interest in finding new phytochemicals among plants and fungi as nature-based alternatives to replace problematic herbicides such as glyphosate, which are preferentially used in agricultural production n. We discovered striking herbicidal potency in Cordyceps militaris (L.) and identified cordycepin as its principal plant growth inhibitor. Cordycepin obtained as an ethyl acetate extract was subjected to column chromatography and evaluated for its bioassay-guided phytotoxic capacity against Raphanus sativus (radish), showing a maximum inhibition on germination and growth of radish (IC50 = 0.052-0.078 mg/mL). Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) (m/z: 251.2) and liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS) ([M + Na]+ m/z: 274.1; [M + H]+ m/z: 252.1) analyses confirmed cordycepin as the major component of the tested column fraction (55.38%). At 0.04 mg/mL, cordycepin showed 3.8-5.9- and 3.3-3.7-fold greater inhibition of the germination and growth of radish than benzoic acid (BA) and glyphosate, respectively. Compared with BA, isolated cordycepin reduced plant chlorophyll and carotenoid contents (2.0-9.5 -fold), while proline, total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were increased 1.2-1.8-fold. Finally, cordycepin promoted electrolyte leakage and malondialdehyde accumulation in radish aerial parts. Thus, cordycepin successfully isolated from Cordyceps militaris is a highly potent plant growth inhibitor with pending worldwide patent and may become a potential plant-based novel alternative to the disputed glyphosate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tran Ngoc Quy
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
- Can Tho University, Can Tho City 902070, Vietnam
| | - Tran Dang Xuan
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan.
| | - Yusuf Andriana
- Graduate School for International Development and Cooperation, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima 739-8529, Japan
| | - Hoang-Dung Tran
- Faculty of Biotechnology, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298A-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh 72820, Vietnam
| | - Tran Dang Khanh
- Agricultural Genetics Institute, Pham Van Dong Street, Hanoi 122000, Vietnam
- Center for Expert, Vietnam National University of Agriculture, Hanoi 131000, Vietnam
| | - Rolf Teschke
- Department of Internal Medicine II, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Klinikum Hanau, 63450 Hanau, Germany
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11
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Devereaux ZJ, He CC, Zhu Y, Roy HA, Cunningham NA, Hamlow LA, Berden G, Oomens J, Rodgers MT. Structures and Relative Glycosidic Bond Stabilities of Protonated 2'-Fluoro-Substituted Purine Nucleosides. J Am Soc Mass Spectrom 2019; 30:1521-1536. [PMID: 31111413 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-019-02222-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The 2'-substituent is the primary distinguishing feature between DNA and RNA nucleosides. Modifications to this critical position, both naturally occurring and synthetic, can produce biologically valuable nucleoside analogues. The unique properties of fluorine make it particularly interesting and medically useful as a synthetic nucleoside modification. In this work, the effects of 2'-fluoro modification on the protonated gas-phase purine nucleosides are examined using complementary tandem mass spectrometry and computational methods. Direct comparisons are made with previous studies on related nucleosides. Infrared multiple photon dissociation action spectroscopy performed in both the fingerprint and hydrogen-stretching regions allows for the determination of the experimentally populated conformations. The populated conformers of protonated 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine, [Adofl+H]+, and 2'-fluoro-2'-deoxyguanosine, [Guofl+H]+, are highly parallel to their respective canonical DNA and RNA counterparts. Both N3 and N1 protonation sites are accessed by [Adofl+H]+, stabilizing syn and anti nucleobase orientations, respectively. N7 protonation and anti nucleobase orientation dominates in [Guofl+H]+. Spectroscopically observable intramolecular hydrogen-bonding interactions with fluorine allow more definitive sugar puckering determinations than possible for the canonical systems. [Adofl+H]+ adopts C2'-endo sugar puckering, whereas [Guofl+H]+ adopts both C2'-endo and C3'-endo sugar puckering. Energy-resolved collision-induced dissociation experiments with survival yield analyses provide relative glycosidic bond stabilities. The N-glycosidic bond stabilities of the protonated 2'-fluoro-substituted purine nucleosides are found to exceed those of their canonical analogues. Further, the N-glycosidic bond stability is found to increase with increasing electronegativity of the 2'-substituent, i.e., H < OH < F. The N-glycosidic bond stability is also greater for the adenine nucleoside analogues than the guanine nucleoside analogues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zachary J Devereaux
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - C C He
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - Y Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - H A Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - N A Cunningham
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - L A Hamlow
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - G Berden
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - J Oomens
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, FELIX Laboratory, Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7c, 6525 ED, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - M T Rodgers
- Department of Chemistry, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Avenue, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.
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12
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Takeuchi T, Sriwilaijaroen N, Sakuraba A, Hayashi E, Kamisuki S, Suzuki Y, Ohrui H, Sugawara F. Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of EdAP, a 4'-Ethynyl-2'-Deoxyadenosine 5'-Monophosphate Analog, as a Potent Influenza a Inhibitor. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24142603. [PMID: 31319565 PMCID: PMC6681032 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Influenza A viruses leading to infectious respiratory diseases cause seasonal epidemics and sometimes periodic global pandemics. Viral polymerase is an attractive target in inhibiting viral replication, and 4′-ethynyladenosine, which has been reported as a highly potent anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) nucleoside derivative, can work as an anti-influenza agent. Herein, we designed and synthesized a 4′-ethynyl-2′-deoxyadenosine 5′-monophosphate analog called EdAP (5). EdAP exhibited potent inhibition against influenza virus multiplication in Madin–Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells transfected with human α2-6-sialyltransferase (SIAT1) cDNA and did not show any toxicity toward the cells. Surprisingly, this DNA-type nucleic acid analog (5) inhibited the multiplication of influenza A virus, although influenza virus is an RNA virus that does not generate DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshifumi Takeuchi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
| | - Nongluk Sriwilaijaroen
- Department of Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Thammasat University, Pathumthani 12120, Thailand
- Health Science Hills, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Ayako Sakuraba
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Ei Hayashi
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Shinji Kamisuki
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University, 1-17-71 Fuchinobe, Chuo-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 252-5201, Japan
| | - Yasuo Suzuki
- Health Science Hills, College of Life and Health Sciences, Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ohrui
- Yokohama University of Pharmacy, Matano-cho 601, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 245-0066, Japan
| | - Fumio Sugawara
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
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13
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Furuhata T, Ohshiro T, Akimoto G, Ueki R, Taniguchi M, Sando S. Highly Conductive Nucleotide Analogue Facilitates Base-Calling in Quantum-Tunneling-Based DNA Sequencing. ACS Nano 2019; 13:5028-5035. [PMID: 30888791 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b01250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Quantum-tunneling-based DNA sequencing is a single molecular technology that has great potential for achieving facile and high-throughput DNA sequencing. In principle, the sequence of DNA could be read out by the time trace of the tunnel current that can be changed according to molecular conductance of nucleobases passing through nanosized gap electrodes. However, efficient base-calling of four genetic alphabets has been seriously impeded due to the similarity of molecular conductance among canonical nucleotides. In this article, we demonstrate that replacement of canonical 2'-deoxyadenosine (dA) with a highly conductive dA analogue, 7-deaza dA, could expand the difference of molecular conductance between four genetic alphabets. Additionally, systematic evaluation of molecular conductance using a series of dA and dG analogues revealed that molecular conductance of the nucleotide is highly dependent on the HOMO level. Thus, the present study demonstrating that signal characteristics of the nucleotide can be modulated based on the HOMO level provides a widely applicable chemical approach and insight for facilitation of single molecular sensing as well as DNA sequencing based on quantum tunneling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Furuhata
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Takahito Ohshiro
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research , Osaka University , 8-1 Mihogaoka , Ibaraki , Osaka 567-0047 , Japan
| | - Gaku Akimoto
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Ryosuke Ueki
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
| | - Masateru Taniguchi
- The Institute of Scientific and Industrial Research , Osaka University , 8-1 Mihogaoka , Ibaraki , Osaka 567-0047 , Japan
| | - Shinsuke Sando
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
- Department of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering , The University of Tokyo , 7-3-1 Hongo , Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656 , Japan
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14
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Choi SJ, Ryu E, Lee S, Huh S, Shin YS, Kang BW, Kim JG, Cho H, Kang H. Adenosine Induces EBV Lytic Reactivation through ADORA1 in EBV-Associated Gastric Carcinoma. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20061286. [PMID: 30875759 PMCID: PMC6471230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20061286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps species are known to contain numerous bioactive compounds, including cordycepin. Extracts of Cordyceps militaris (CME) are used in diverse medicinal purposes because of their bioactive components. Cordycepin, one of the active components of CME, exhibits anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, and anti-inflammatory effects. Cordycepin structurally differs from adenosine in that its ribose lacks an oxygen atom at the 3′ position. We previously reported that cordycepin suppresses Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) gene expression and lytic replication in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC). However, other studies reported that cordycepin induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation. Thus, it was reasonable to clarify the bioactive effects of CME bioactive compounds on the EBV life cycle. We first confirmed that CME preferentially induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation; second, we determined that adenosine in CME induces EBV gene expression and lytic reactivation; third, we discovered that the adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1) is required for adenosine to initiate signaling for upregulating BZLF1, which encodes for a key EBV regulator (Zta) of the EBV lytic cycle; finally, we showed that BZLF1 upregulation by adenosine leads to delayed tumor development in the EBVaGC xenograft mouse model. Taken together, these results suggest that adenosine is an EBV lytic cycle inducer that inhibits EBVaGC development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Jin Choi
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Eunhyun Ryu
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Seulki Lee
- College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Korea.
| | - Sora Huh
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
| | - Yu Su Shin
- Department of Medical Crop Research, National Institute of Horticultural and Herbal Science, Rural Development Administration, Eumseong 27709, Korea.
| | - Byung Woog Kang
- Department of Oncology/Hematology and Cancer Research Institute and School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital and Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Korea.
| | - Jong Gwang Kim
- Department of Oncology/Hematology and Cancer Research Institute and School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University Hospital and Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41404, Korea.
| | - Hyosun Cho
- College of Pharmacy and Innovative Drug Center, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 01369, Korea.
| | - Hyojeung Kang
- College of Pharmacy and Cancer Research Institute and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea.
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15
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Abstract
A wide spectrum of DNA lesions can be generated from byproducts of endogenous metabolism and/or from environmental exposure. A DNA adductomic approach for the robust quantification of DNA adducts in cellular and tissue DNA may facilitate the use of DNA adducts for biomonitoring studies and enable comprehensive assessment about DNA repair. Normalized retention time (iRT) has been widely used in scheduled selected-reaction monitoring (SRM) methods for highly sensitive and high-throughput analyses of protein samples in complicated matrices. By using a similar method, we established the iRT scores for 36 modified nucleosides from the retention times of the four canonical 2'-deoxynucleosides on a nanoflow liquid chromatography-nanospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (nLC-NSI-MS/MS) system. The iRT scores facilitated reliable prediction of retention time and were employed for establishing a scheduled SRM method for quantitative assessment of a subset of the DNA adductome. The quantification results of the scheduled SRM method were more accurate and precise than those from an unscheduled method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Cui
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Pengcheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yang Yu
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Jun Yuan
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Yinsheng Wang
- Environmental Toxicology Graduate Program, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
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16
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Aguilar W, Paz MM, Vargas A, Zheng M, Cheng SY, Champeil E. Interdependent Sequence Selectivity and Diastereoselectivity in the Alkylation of DNA by Decarbamoylmitomycin C. Chemistry 2018; 24:13278-13289. [PMID: 29958326 PMCID: PMC7152928 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201802038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Mitomycin C (MC), an antitumor drug, and decarbamoylmitomycin C (DMC), a derivative of MC, alkylate DNA and form deoxyguanosine monoadducts and interstrand crosslinks (ICLs). Interestingly, in mammalian culture cells, MC forms primarily deoxyguanosine adducts with a 1"-R stereochemistry at the guanine-mitosene bond (1"-α) whereas DMC forms mainly adducts with a 1"-S stereochemistry (1"-β). The molecular basis for the stereochemical configuration exhibited by DMC has been investigated using biomimetic synthesis. Here, we present the results of our studies on the monoalkylation of DNA by DMC. We show that the formation of 1"-β-deoxyguanosine adducts requires bifunctional reductive activation of DMC, and that monofunctional activation only produces 1"-α-adducts. The stereochemistry of the deoxyguanosine adducts formed is also dependent on the regioselectivity of DNA alkylation and on the overall DNA CG content. Additionally, we found that temperature plays a determinant role in the regioselectivity of duplex DNA alkylation by mitomycins: At 0 °C, both deoxyadenosine (dA) and deoxyguanosine (dG) alkylation occur whereas at 37 °C, mitomycins alkylate dG preferentially. The new reaction protocols developed in our laboratory to investigate DMC-DNA alkylation raise the possibility that oligonucleotides containing DMC 1"-β-deoxyguanosine adducts at a specific site may be synthesized by a biomimetic approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Aguilar
- Science Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 524 West 59th street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Manuel M Paz
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultade de Química, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782, Santiago, de Compostela, Spain
| | - Anayatzinc Vargas
- Science Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 524 West 59th street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Maggie Zheng
- Science Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 524 West 59th street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Shu-Yuan Cheng
- Science Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 524 West 59th street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
| | - Elise Champeil
- Science Department, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, 524 West 59th street, New York, NY, 10019, USA
- Ph.D. Program in Chemistry, The Graduate Center of the City, University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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17
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Abstract
Functionalization of microbubbles (MBs) is a difficult issue due to their unstable nature. Here we report a fast and versatile method using a strain promoted alkyne-azide cycloaddition (SPAAC) click reaction for microbubble functionalization. An azadibenzocyclooctyne (DBCO) group was first introduced onto the MB surface and then an azide group into the desired ligand. Without any initiators or catalysts, essential click ligation occurred within 1 min and a majority of the reaction completed in 5 min at 37 °C. This fast ligation shortens the microbubble reaction time and preserves essential amounts of microbubbles for further in situ imaging and delivery of therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xifeng Liu
- Department of Physiology and Biomedical Engineering, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
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18
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Brooks PJ. The cyclopurine deoxynucleosides: DNA repair, biological effects, mechanistic insights, and unanswered questions. Free Radic Biol Med 2017; 107:90-100. [PMID: 28011151 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2016.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 12/16/2016] [Accepted: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Patients with the genetic disease xeroderma pigmentosum (XP) who lack the capacity to carry out nucleotides excision repair (NER) have a dramatically elevated risk of skin cancer on sun exposed areas of the body. NER is the DNA repair mechanism responsible for the removal of DNA lesions resulting from ultraviolet light. In addition, a subset of XP patients develop a progressive neurodegenerative disease, referred to as XP neurologic disease, which is thought to be the result of accumulation of endogenous DNA lesions that are repaired by NER but not other repair pathways. The 8,5-cyclopurine deoxynucleotides (cyPu) have emerged as leading candidates for such lesions, in that they result from the reaction of the hydroxyl radical with DNA, are strong blocks to transcription in human cells, and are repaired by NER but not base excision repair. Here I present a focused perspective on progress into understating the repair and biological effects of these lesions. In doing so, I emphasize the role of Tomas Lindahl and his laboratory in stimulating cyPu research. I also include a critical evaluation of the evidence supporting a role for cyPu lesions in XP neurologic disease, with a focus on outstanding questions, and conceptual and technologic challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip J Brooks
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, 5625 Fishers Lane, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
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19
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Su NW, Wu SH, Chi CW, Liu CJ, Tsai TH, Chen YJ. Metronomic Cordycepin Therapy Prolongs Survival of Oral Cancer-Bearing Mice and Inhibits Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition. Molecules 2017; 22:E629. [PMID: 28406456 PMCID: PMC6154290 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22040629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2017] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine) is a natural compound abundantly found in Cordyceps sinesis in natural and fermented sources. In this study, we examined the effects of cordycepin in a human oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) xenograft model. Cordycepin was administered in a regular, low-dose and prolonged schedule metronomic therapy. Two doses of cordycepin (25 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg) were administrated five days a week for eight consecutive weeks. The tumor volumes were reduced and survival time was significantly prolonged from 30.3 ± 0.9 days (control group) to 56 days (50 mg/kg group, the day of tumor-bearing mice were sacrificed for welfare consideration). The weights of mice did not change and liver, renal, and hematologic functions were not compromised. Cordycepin inhibited the OSCC cell viability in vitro (IC50 122.4-125.2 μM). Furthermore, morphological characteristics of apoptosis, increased caspase-3 activity and G2/M cell cycle arrest were observed. In wound healing assay, cordycepin restrained the OSCC cell migration. Cordycepin upregulated E-cadherin and downregulated N-cadherin protein expression, implying inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The immunohistochemical staining of xenograft tumor with E-cadherin and vimentin validated in vitro results. In conclusion, metronomic cordycepin therapy showed effective tumor control, prolonged survival and low toxicities. Cytotoxicity against cancer cells with apoptotic features and EMT inhibition were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nai-Wen Su
- Division of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11094, Taiwan.
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Shu-Hua Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 25160, Taiwan.
| | - Chih-Wen Chi
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 25160, Taiwan.
| | - Chung-Ji Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 11094, Taiwan.
- Institute of Oral Biology, School of Dentistry, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
| | - Tung-Hu Tsai
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National United University, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan.
| | - Yu-Jen Chen
- Institute of Traditional Medicine, School of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
- Department of Medical Research, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 25160, Taiwan.
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei 25160, Taiwan.
- Research Center for Chinese Medicine and Acupuncture, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan.
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20
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Akpınar M, Lesche M, Fanourgakis G, Fu J, Anasstasiadis K, Dahl A, Jessberger R. TDRD6 mediates early steps of spliceosome maturation in primary spermatocytes. PLoS Genet 2017; 13:e1006660. [PMID: 28263986 PMCID: PMC5358835 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1006660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 03/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Tudor containing protein 6 (TDRD6) is a male germ line-specific protein essential for chromatoid body (ChB) structure, elongated spermatid development and male fertility. Here we show that in meiotic prophase I spermatocytes TDRD6 interacts with the key protein arginine methyl transferase PRMT5, which supports splicing. TDRD6 also associates with spliceosomal core protein SmB in the absence of RNA and in an arginine methylation dependent manner. In Tdrd6-/- diplotene spermatocytes PRMT5 association with SmB and arginine dimethylation of SmB are much reduced. TDRD6 deficiency impairs the assembly of spliceosomes, which feature 3.5-fold increased levels of U5 snRNPs. In the nucleus, these deficiencies in spliceosome maturation correlate with decreased numbers of SMN-positive bodies and Cajal bodies involved in nuclear snRNP maturation. Transcriptome analysis of TDRD6-deficient diplotene spermatocytes revealed high numbers of splicing defects such as aberrant usage of intron and exons as well as aberrant representation of splice junctions. Together, this study demonstrates a novel function of TDRD6 in spliceosome maturation and mRNA splicing in prophase I spermatocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Müge Akpınar
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Mathias Lesche
- Deep Sequencing Group SFB 655, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Grigorios Fanourgakis
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jun Fu
- Stem Cell Engineering, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Dahl
- Deep Sequencing Group SFB 655, Biotechnology Center, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Rolf Jessberger
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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21
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Kamiya H, Ito M, Nishi K, Harashima H. In vivo selection of active deoxyribonucleoside kinase by a mutagenic nucleoside analog. J Biotechnol 2016; 228:52-57. [PMID: 27131895 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2016.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2016] [Revised: 04/20/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A novel in vivo selection method for active deoxyribonucleoside kinase proteins is described here. A pool of randomly mutated genes for deoxyribonucleoside kinase from Drosophila melanogaster (Dm-dNK) was prepared and inserted into an expression vector. Enzymatically active mutants were selected by repeated cycles, including (i) introduction into Escherichia coli, (ii) treatment of the E. coli pool with a mutagenic deoxyribonucleoside (2-hydroxy-dA), and (iii) selection of antibiotic-resistant colonies resulting from mutations by phosphorylated 2-hydroxy-dA and the subsequent isolation of the plasmid DNAs. The ratio of the resistant colonies increased by two orders of magnitude from the first cycle to the fifth cycle, and then reached a plateau. Fifteen Dm-dNK mutants selected after the seventh and eighth evolution cycles were actually active in vivo. Moreover, one of the mutant proteins was as active as the wild-type protein in vitro. These results indicate that this novel in vivo evolution method was useful and that similar strategies would be applicable to other deoxyribonucleoside kinases. In addition, the distribution of mutated amino acids suggests important residues/regions in the Dm-dNK protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kamiya
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Ehime University, 2-5 Bunkyo-cho, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
| | - Mana Ito
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
| | - Kosuke Nishi
- Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, 3-5-7 Tarumi, Matsuyama 790-8566, Japan
| | - Hideyoshi Harashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Kita-12 Nishi-6, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
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22
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Schmied-Tobies MIH, Paschke H, Reemtsma T. Combined chemoassay and mass spectrometric approach to study the reactive potential of electrophiles towards deoxynucleosides as model for DNA. Chemosphere 2016; 151:263-270. [PMID: 26945242 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.02.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2015] [Revised: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The modification of DNA by adduct formation is a potential molecular initiating event of genotoxicity. A chemoassay was established to study adduct formation of electrophiles with deoxynucleosides. Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry was used to determine the reactivity of the model electrophiles para-benzoquinone, hydroquinone, and 1,4-naphthoquinone with deoxynucleoside (deoxyadenosine (dA), deoxyguanosine (dG), deoxycytidine (dC) and thymidine (dT)) to detect formation of adducts via constant neutral loss scan of deoxyribose (116 Da), and to elucidate adduct structures using high resolution mass spectrometry. Of the four deoxynucleosides dG was most susceptible, followed by dC and para-benzoquinone was the most reactive electrophile. With this approach five dG and four dC adducts were detected, formed by Michael addition and subsequent condensation. Also oxidation occurred with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Three of the adducts formed by benzoquinone have not been reported before. This chemoassay combined with mass spectrometry offers a way (a) to screen a large number of chemicals for their genotoxic potential, (b) to determine novel adducts that may be searched for in in vitro and in vivo studies and thus (c) to better understand the reaction of electrophiles with nucleobases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Heidrun Paschke
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten Reemtsma
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstrasse 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
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23
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Ma B, Jing M, Villalta PW, Kapphahn RJ, Montezuma SR, Ferrington DA, Stepanov I. Simultaneous determination of 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyadenosine in human retinal DNA by liquid chromatography nanoelectrospray-tandem mass spectrometry. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22375. [PMID: 26979577 PMCID: PMC4793187 DOI: 10.1038/srep22375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is the leading cause of blindness among older adults in the developed world. Oxidative damage to mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) may play a key role in AMD. Measurement of oxidative DNA lesions such as 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) and 8-oxo-2'-deoxyadenosine (8-oxo-dA) in diseased RPE could provide important insights into the mechanism of AMD development. We have developed a liquid chromatography-nanoelectrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method for simultaneous analysis of 8-oxo-dG and 8-oxo-dA in human retinal DNA. The developed method was applied to the analysis of retinal DNA from 5 donors with AMD and 5 control donors without AMD. In mtDNA, the levels of 8-oxo-dG in controls and AMD donors averaged 170 and 188, and 8-oxo-dA averaged 11 and 17 adducts per 10(6) bases, respectively. In nuclear DNA, the levels of 8-oxo-dG in controls and AMD donors averaged 0.54 and 0.96, and 8-oxo-dA averaged 0.04 and 0.05 adducts per 10(6) bases, respectively. This highly sensitive method allows for the measurement of both adducts in very small amounts of DNA and can be used in future studies investigating the pathophysiological role of 8-oxo-dG and 8-oxo-dA in AMD and other oxidative damage-related diseases in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 806, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Meng Jing
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 806, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Peter W. Villalta
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 806, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Rebecca J. Kapphahn
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Sandra R. Montezuma
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Deborah A. Ferrington
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 493, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Irina Stepanov
- Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 806, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Minnesota, Mayo Mail Code 807, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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24
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Wang D, Zhang Y, Lu J, Wang Y, Wang J, Meng Q, Lee RJ, Wang D, Teng L. Cordycepin, a Natural Antineoplastic Agent, Induces Apoptosis of Breast Cancer Cells via Caspase-dependent Pathways. Nat Prod Commun 2016; 11:63-68. [PMID: 26996021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cordycepin, a major compound separated from Cordyceps sinensis, is known as a potential novel candidate for cancer therapy. Breast cancer, the most typical cancer diagnosed among women, remains a global health problem. In this study, the anti-breast cancer property of cordycepin and its underlying mechanisms was investigated. The direct effects of cordycepin on breast cancer cells both in in vitro and in vivo experiments were evaluated. Cordycepin exerted cytotoxicity in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells confirmed by reduced cell viability, inhibition of cell proliferation, enhanced lactate dehydrogenase release and reactive oxygen species accumulation, induced mitochondrial dysfunction and nuclear apoptosis in human breast cancer cells. Cordycepin increased the activation of pro-apoptotic proteins, including caspase-8, caspase-9, caspase-3 and Bax, and suppressed the expression of the anti-apoptotic protein, B-cell lymphoma 2 (Bcl-2). The inhibition on MCF-7-xenografted tumor growth in nude mice further confirmed cordycepin's anti-breast cancer effect. These aforementioned results reveal that cordycepin induces apoptosis in human breast cancer cells via caspase-dependent pathways. The data shed light on the possibility of cordycepin being a safe agent for breast cancer treatment.
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25
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Meng Z, Kang J, Wen T, Lei B, Hyde KD. Cordycepin and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine from Cordyceps pruinosa and their interaction with human serum albumin. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0121669. [PMID: 25811172 PMCID: PMC4374796 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0121669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cordyceps pruinosa (CP) is often used as Traditional Chinese Medicine, but the substance basis of its medicinal properties is unclear. In this study, two compounds were isolated from CP cultures by column chromatography, and identified as cordycepin and N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA) by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance. In order to understand the efficacy of these two substances as potential therapeutic agents, it is necessary to explore their binding with proteins. The molecular mechanisms of interaction between cordycepin, HEA and human serum albumin (HSA) were studied using UV and fluorescence spectroscopy. The bingding constants between HSA and cordycepin were 4.227, 3.573 and 3.076 × 10(3)·at 17, 27 and 37°C respectively, and that of HSA and HEA were 27.102, 19.409 and 13.002 × 10(3)·at the three tempretures respectively. Both cordycepin and HEA can quench the intrinsic fluorescence of HSA via static quenching, and they can bind with HSA to form complexes with a single binding site. The interaction forces between cordycepin and HSA were determined as electrostatic and hydrophobic, and those of HEA and HSA were hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces. Using Foster's equation, the distance between fluorophores of cordycepin and HSA, and HEA and HSA are estimated to be 5.31 nm and 4.98 nm, respectively. In this study, cordycepin was isolated for the first time from CP, and will provide a new source of cordycepin and expand the use of this taxon. The interaction mechanisms between cordycepin and HSA was studied for the first time, which will provide a useful guide for the clinical application of cordycepin. The pharmacological importance of this study is to understand the interaction of HSA with cordycepin and HEA, which will be essential for the future designing of drugs based on the two compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Meng
- The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
- Guizhou Bioresource Development and Utilization Key Laboratory, Guizhou Normal College, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Jichuan Kang
- The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Tingchi Wen
- The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Bangxing Lei
- The Engineering and Research Center for Southwest Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources of National Education Ministry of China, Guizhou University, Huaxi, Guiyang, Guizhou Province, PR China
| | - Kevin David Hyde
- Institute of Excellence in Fungal Research, School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai, Thailand
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26
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Harper TA, Morré J, Lauer FT, McQuistan TJ, Hummel JM, Burchiel SW, Williams DE. Analysis of dibenzo[def,p]chrysene-deoxyadenosine adducts in wild-type and cytochrome P450 1b1 knockout mice using stable-isotope dilution UHPLC-MS/MS. Mutat Res Genet Toxicol Environ Mutagen 2015; 782:51-6. [PMID: 25868132 DOI: 10.1016/j.mrgentox.2015.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2015] [Revised: 03/06/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH), dibenzo[def,p]chrysene (DBC; also known as dibenzo[a,l]pyrene), is a potent carcinogen in animal models and a class 2A human carcinogen. Recent investigations into DBC-mediated toxicity identified DBC as a potent immunosuppressive agent similar to the well-studied immunotoxicant 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA). DBC, like DMBA, is bioactivated by cytochrome P450 (CYP) 1B1 and forms the reactive metabolite DBC-11,12-diol-13,14-epoxide (DBCDE). DBCDE is largely responsible for the genotoxicity associated with DBC exposure. The immunosuppressive properties of several PAHs are also linked to genotoxic mechanisms. Therefore, this study was designed to identify DBCDE-DNA adduct formation in the spleen and thymus of wild-type and cytochrome P450 1b1 (Cyp1b1) knockout (KO) mice using a highly sensitive stable-isotope dilution UHPLC-MS/MS method. Stable-isotope dilution UHPLC-MS/MS identified the major DBC adducts (±)-anti-cis-DBCDE-dA and (±)-anti-trans-DBCDE-dA in the lung, liver, and spleen of both WT and Cyp1b1 KO mice. However, adduct formation in the thymus was below the level of quantitation for our method. Additionally, adduct formation in Cyp1b1 KO mice was significantly reduced compared to wild-type (WT) mice receiving DBC via oral gavage. In conclusion, the current study identifies for the first time DBCDE-dA adducts in the spleen of mice supporting the link between genotoxicity and immunosuppression, in addition to supporting previous studies identifying Cyp1b1 as the primary CYP involved in DBC bioactivation to DBCDE. The high levels of DBC-DNA adducts identified in the spleen, along with the known high levels of Cyp1b1 expression in this organ, supports further investigation into DBC-mediated immunotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tod A Harper
- Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, 1011 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, 1007 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 307 LPSC, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Jeff Morré
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, 153A Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, 1011 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Fredine T Lauer
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico, 2502 Marble NE, Albuquerque NM 87131, USA.
| | - Tammie J McQuistan
- Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, 1011 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 307 LPSC, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Jessica M Hummel
- Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 307 LPSC, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
| | - Scott W Burchiel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of New Mexico, 2502 Marble NE, Albuquerque NM 87131, USA.
| | - David E Williams
- Superfund Research Program, Oregon State University, 1011 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Environmental and Molecular Toxicology Department, Oregon State University, 1007 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, 307 LPSC, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA; Environmental Health Science Center, Oregon State University, 1011 ALS, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
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27
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Pang D, Nico JS, Karam L, Timofeeva O, Blakely WF, Dritschilo A, Dizdaroglu M, Jaruga P. Significant disparity in base and sugar damage in DNA resulting from neutron and electron irradiation. J Radiat Res 2014; 55:1081-1088. [PMID: 25034731 PMCID: PMC4229924 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rru059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2013] [Revised: 05/20/2014] [Accepted: 06/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a comparison of the effects of neutron and electron irradiation of aqueous DNA solutions was investigated to characterize potential neutron signatures in DNA damage induction. Ionizing radiation generates numerous lesions in DNA, including base and sugar lesions, lesions involving base-sugar combinations (e.g. 8,5'-cyclopurine-2'-deoxynucleosides) and DNA-protein cross-links, as well as single- and double-strand breaks and clustered damage. The characteristics of damage depend on the linear energy transfer (LET) of the incident radiation. Here we investigated DNA damage using aqueous DNA solutions in 10 mmol/l phosphate buffer from 0-80 Gy by low-LET electrons (10 Gy/min) and the specific high-LET (∼0.16 Gy/h) neutrons formed by spontaneous (252)Cf decay fissions. 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG), (5'R)-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (R-cdA) and (5'S)-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (S-cdA) were quantified using liquid chromatography-isotope-dilution tandem mass spectrometry to demonstrate a linear dose dependence for induction of 8-OH-dG by both types of radiation, although neutron irradiation was ∼50% less effective at a given dose compared with electron irradiation. Electron irradiation resulted in an exponential increase in S-cdA and R-cdA with dose, whereas neutron irradiation induced substantially less damage and the amount of damage increased only gradually with dose. Addition of 30 mmol/l 2-amino-2-(hydroxymethyl)-1,3-propanediol (TRIS), a free radical scavenger, to the DNA solution before irradiation reduced lesion induction to background levels for both types of radiation. These results provide insight into the mechanisms of DNA damage by high-LET (252)Cf decay neutrons and low-LET electrons, leading to enhanced understanding of the potential biological effects of these types of irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dalong Pang
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, LL Bles, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Jeffrey S Nico
- Radiation Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Lisa Karam
- Radiation Physics Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Olga Timofeeva
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, LL Bles, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - William F Blakely
- Scientific Research Department, Armed Forces Radiobiological Research Institute, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20889, USA
| | - Anatoly Dritschilo
- Department of Radiation Medicine, Georgetown University Hospital, 3800 Reservoir Road, LL Bles, Washington, DC 20007, USA
| | - Miral Dizdaroglu
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
| | - Pawel Jaruga
- Biomolecular Measurement Division, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD 20899, USA
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28
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Cui S, Li H, Wang S, Jiang X, Zhang S, Zhang R, Sun X. Ultrasensitive UPLC-MS-MS method for the quantitation of etheno-DNA adducts in human urine. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2014; 11:10902-14. [PMID: 25337939 PMCID: PMC4211013 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph111010902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Revised: 09/30/2014] [Accepted: 10/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Etheno-DNA adducts are generated from the metabolism of exogenous carcinogens and endogenous lipid peroxidation. We and others have previously reported that 1,N6-ethenodeoxyadenosine (εdA) and 3,N4-ethenodeoxycytidine (εdC) are present in human urine and can be utilized as biomarkers of oxidative stress. In this study, we report a new ultrasensitive UPLC-ESI-MS/MS method for the analysis of εdA and εdC in human urine, capable of detecting 0.5 fmol εdA and 0.3 fmol εdC in 1.0 mL of human urine, respectively. For validation of the method, 20 human urine samples were analyzed, and the results revealed that the mean levels of εdA and εdC (SD) fmol/µmol creatinine are 5.82 ± 2.11 (range 3.0–9.5) for εdA and 791.4 ± 328.8 (range 116.7–1264.9) for εdC in occupational benzene-exposed workers and 2.10 ± 1.32 (range 0.6–4.7) for εdA and 161.8 ± 200.9 (range 1.8–557.5) for εdC in non-benzene-exposed workers, respectively. The ultrasensitive detection method is thus suitable for applications in human biomonitoring and molecular epidemiology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiwei Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Haibin Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Shaojia Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Xiao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, Henan province, China.
| | - Rongjie Zhang
- Henan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhengzhou 450016, Henan province, China.
| | - Xin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Safety and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
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29
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Kowal EA, Wickramaratne S, Kotapati S, Turo M, Tretyakova N, Stone MP. Major groove orientation of the (2S)-N(6)-(2-hydroxy-3-buten-1-yl)-2'-deoxyadenosine DNA adduct induced by 1,2-epoxy-3-butene. Chem Res Toxicol 2014; 27:1675-86. [PMID: 25238403 PMCID: PMC4203389 DOI: 10.1021/tx500159w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
1,3-Butadiene (BD) is an environmental and occupational toxicant classified as a human carcinogen. It is oxidized by cytochrome P450 monooxygenases to 1,2-epoxy-3-butene (EB), which alkylates DNA. BD exposures lead to large numbers of mutations at A:T base pairs even though alkylation of guanines is more prevalent, suggesting that one or more adenine adducts of BD play a role in BD-mediated genotoxicity. However, the etiology of BD-mediated genotoxicity at adenine remains poorly understood. EB alkylates the N(6) exocyclic nitrogen of adenine to form N(6)-(hydroxy-3-buten-1-yl)-2'-dA ((2S)-N(6)-HB-dA) adducts ( Tretyakova , N. , Lin , Y. , Sangaiah , R. , Upton , P. B. , and Swenberg , J. A. ( 1997 ) Carcinogenesis 18 , 137 - 147 ). The structure of the (2S)-N(6)-HB-dA adduct has been determined in the 5'-d(C(1)G(2)G(3)A(4)C(5)Y(6)A(7)G(8)A(9)A(10)G(11))-3':5'-d(C(12)T(13)T(14)C(15)T(16)T(17)G(18)T(19) C(20)C(21)G(22))-3' duplex [Y = (2S)-N(6)-HB-dA] containing codon 61 (underlined) of the human N-ras protooncogene, from NMR spectroscopy. The (2S)-N(6)-HB-dA adduct was positioned in the major groove, such that the butadiene moiety was oriented in the 3' direction. At the Cα carbon, the methylene protons of the modified nucleobase Y(6) faced the 5' direction, which placed the Cβ carbon in the 3' direction. The Cβ hydroxyl group faced toward the solvent, as did carbons Cγ and Cδ. The Cβ hydroxyl group did not form hydrogen bonds with either T(16) O(4) or T(17) O(4). The (2S)-N(6)-HB-dA nucleoside maintained the anti conformation about the glycosyl bond, and the modified base retained Watson-Crick base pairing with the complementary base (T(17)). The adduct perturbed stacking interactions at base pairs C(5):G(18), Y(6):T(17), and A(7):T(16) such that the Y(6) base did not stack with its 5' neighbor C(5), but it did with its 3' neighbor A(7). The complementary thymine T(17) stacked well with both 5' and 3' neighbors T(16) and G(18). The presence of the (2S)-N(6)-HB-dA resulted in a 5 °C reduction in the Tm of the duplex, which is attributed to less favorable stacking interactions and adduct accommodation in the major groove.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa A. Kowal
- Department
of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer
Center, and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Susith Wickramaratne
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Masonic Cancer Center, and Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Srikanth Kotapati
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Masonic Cancer Center, and Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Michael Turo
- Department
of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer
Center, and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - Natalia Tretyakova
- Department
of Medicinal Chemistry, Masonic Cancer Center, and Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Michael P. Stone
- Department
of Chemistry, Center in Molecular Toxicology, Vanderbilt Ingram Cancer
Center, and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt University, 2201 West End Avenue, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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30
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Zhang DN, Guo XY, Yang QH, Chen ZG, Tao LJ. An efficient enzymatic modification of cordycepin in ionic liquids under ultrasonic irradiation. Ultrason Sonochem 2014; 21:1682-1687. [PMID: 24631444 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2014.02.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2014] [Revised: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 02/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study of the immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym 435)-catalyzed acylation of cordycepin with vinyl acetate in ionic liquids (ILs) under ultrasonic irradiation and shaking was conducted. The application of ultrasonic irradiation instead of shaking during acylation resulted in an enhanced reaction rate and a higher level of substrate conversion. Among the various ILs examined, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluorobrate ([C4MIm][BF4]) was the best medium for the reaction because it produced the highest substrate conversion. In [C4MIm][BF4], the optimal ultrasonic power, water activity, and reaction temperature were 120 W, 0.33, and 50 °C, respectively. The acylation of cordycepin in [C4MIm][BF4] proved to be regioselective under both conditions: the C5'-OH was acylated. Novozym 435 exhibited a much higher operational stability in [C4MIm][BF4], and 58.0% of its original activity was maintained after ten reuse cycles under ultrasonic irradiation. Compared with the cordycepin, the rate of adenosine deaminase-catalyzed deamination was greatly reduced when the 5'-OH was substituted by acetyl group. These results demonstrated that the combined application of ultrasonic irradiation and IL as a medium was an efficient approach for the enzymatic modification of cordycepin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Ni Zhang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yu Guo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Qiu-Huizi Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
| | - Zhi-Gang Chen
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
| | - Li-Jia Tao
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China
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Fu Y, Nath RG, Dyba M, Cruz IM, Pondicherry SR, Fernandez A, Schultz CL, Yang P, Pan J, Desai D, Krzeminski J, Amin S, Christov PP, Hara Y, Chung FL. In vivo detection of a novel endogenous etheno-DNA adduct derived from arachidonic acid and the effects of antioxidants on its formation. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 73:12-20. [PMID: 24816294 PMCID: PMC4114339 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2014.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 04/29/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies showed that 7-(1',2'-dihydroxyheptyl)-substituted etheno DNA adducts are products of reactions with the epoxide of (E)-4-hydroxy-2-nonenal, an oxidation product of ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). In this work, we report the detection of 7-(1',2'-dihydroxyheptyl)-1,N(6)-ethenodeoxyadenosine (DHHedA) in rodent and human tissues by two independent methods: a (32)P-postlabeling/HPLC method and an isotope dilution liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry method, demonstrating for the first time that DHHedA is a background DNA lesion in vivo. We showed that DHHedA can be formed upon incubation of arachidonic acid with deoxyadenosine, supporting the notion that ω-6 PUFAs are the endogenous source of DHHedA formation. Because cyclic adducts are derived from the oxidation of PUFAs, we subsequently examined the effects of antioxidants, α-lipoic acid, Polyphenon E, and vitamin E, on the formation of DHHedA and γ-hydroxy-1,N(2)-propanodeoxyguanosine (γ-OHPdG), a widely studied acrolein-derived adduct arising from oxidized PUFAs, in the livers of Long Evans Cinnamon (LEC) rats. LEC rats are afflicted with elevated lipid peroxidation and prone to the development of hepatocellular carcinomas. The results showed that although the survival of LEC rats was increased significantly by α-lipoic acid, none of the antioxidants inhibited the formation of DHHedA, and only Polyphenon E decreased the formation of γ-OHPdG. In contrast, vitamin E caused a significant increase in the formation of both γ-OHPdG and DHHedA in the livers of LEC rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Fu
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Raghu G Nath
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Marcin Dyba
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Idalia M Cruz
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Sharanya R Pondicherry
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Aileen Fernandez
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Casey L Schultz
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054
| | - Peiying Yang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77054
| | - Jishen Pan
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
| | - Dhimant Desai
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Jacek Krzeminski
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Shantu Amin
- Department of Pharmacology, Penn State College of Medicine, Hershey, Pennsylvania 17033
| | - Plamen P Christov
- Department of Chemistry, Vanderbilt University, VU Station B 351822, Nashville, TN 37235
| | | | - Fung-Lung Chung
- Department of Oncology, Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University, Washington, District of Columbia 20057
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Wang JF, Yang DD, Li HM, Han WJ. [Study on monosaccharide composition of intracellular polysacchride and contents of cordycepin and cordyceps polysacchride produced by Cordyceps militaris induced by blue light]. Zhong Yao Cai 2014; 37:1395-1399. [PMID: 25726649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To study effects of blue light irradiation on monosaccharide composition of intracellular polysacchride and contents of cordycepin and cordyceps polysacchride of mycelium and sporocarp in Cordyceps militaris. METHODS The monosaccharide composition of intracellular polysacchride of mycelium and sporocarp in Cordyceps militaris as materials were determined by gas chromatography after 144 h blue light irradiation. The contents of cordycepin and cordyceps polysacchride of mycelium and sporocarp in Cordyceps militaris were detected at different blue light irradiation periods. At the same time, the growth of mycelium and sporocarp in Cordyceps militaris were observed during blue light irradiation. RESULTS Mycelium polysaccharide in Cordyceps militaris was a kind of heteropolysaccharide containing four kinds of monosaccharide and fruiting body polysaccharide was a kind of heteropolysaccharide containing five kinds of monosaccharide. Whether blue light irradiation or dark culture, the content changes of cordyceps polysacchride in two groups showed similar patterns in the test of mycelium polysaccharides. The content changes of cordyceps polysacchride in two groups were basically the same in the detection of sporocarp polysacchride. Cordycepin content in the two set of experiments of blue light irradiation all showed a clear upward trend in the detection of mycelium and sporocarp in Cordyceps militaris. CONCLUSION The blue light irradiation has certain effect on the species and quantity of monosaccharide in intracellular polysaccharide. The content increase of cordycepin and cordyceps polysacchride in Cordyceps militaris are promoted by blue light irradiation. Blue light can help the morphogenesis and promote the differentiation and growth of sporocarp in Cordyceps militaris. This study is the first report about the effect of blue light on the type and quantity of the monosaccharide composition in polysaccharide of Cordyceps militaris, which will lay the foundation for further study on the metabolism of active substance in Cordyceps militaris by blue light irradiation.
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Wang XA, Xiang SS, Li HF, Wu XS, Li ML, Shu YJ, Zhang F, Cao Y, Ye YY, Bao RF, Weng H, Wu WG, Mu JS, Hu YP, Jiang L, Tan ZJ, Lu W, Wang P, Liu YB. Cordycepin induces S phase arrest and apoptosis in human gallbladder cancer cells. Molecules 2014; 19:11350-65. [PMID: 25090123 PMCID: PMC6271430 DOI: 10.3390/molecules190811350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gallbladder cancer is the most common malignant tumor of the biliary tract, and this condition has a rather dismal prognosis, with an extremely low five-year survival rate. To improve the outcome of unresectable and recurrent gallbladder cancer, it is necessary to develop new effective treatments and drugs. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of cordycepin on human gallbladder cells and uncover the molecular mechanisms responsible for these effects. The Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and colony formation assays revealed that cordycepin affected the viability and proliferation of human gallbladder cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Flow cytometric analysis showed that cordycepin induced S phase arrest in human gallbladder cancer cell lines(NOZ and GBC-SD cells). Cordycepin-induced apoptosis was observed using an Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) double-staining assay, and the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) decreased in a dose-dependent manner. Additionally, western blot analysis revealed the upregulation of cleaved-caspase-3, cleaved-caspase-9, cleaved-PARP and Bax and the downregulation of Bcl-2, cyclin A and Cdk-2 in cordycepin-treated cells. Moreover, cordycepin inhibited tumor growth in nude mice bearing NOZ tumors. Our results indicate that this drug may represent an effective treatment for gallbladder carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu-An Wang
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Shan-Shan Xiang
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Huai-Feng Li
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Xiang-Song Wu
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Mao-Lan Li
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yi-Jun Shu
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Ye
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Run-Fa Bao
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Hao Weng
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wen-Guang Wu
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Mu
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yun-Ping Hu
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Lin Jiang
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhu-Jun Tan
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Wei Lu
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Hangzhou People's First Hospital, No.261 Huansha Road, Hangzhou 310009, China.
| | - Ying-Bin Liu
- Institute of Biliary Tract Disease, Xinhua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, School of Medicine, No. 1665 Kongjiang Road, Shanghai 200092, China.
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Abstract
The prokaryotic DNA(cytosine-5)methyltransferase M.SssI shares the specificity of eukaryotic DNA methyltransferases (CG) and is an important model and experimental tool in the study of eukaryotic DNA methylation. Previously, M.SssI was shown to be able to catalyze deamination of the target cytosine to uracil if the methyl donor S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM) was missing from the reaction. To test whether this side-activity of the enzyme can be used to distinguish between unmethylated and C5-methylated cytosines in CG dinucleotides, we re-investigated, using a sensitive genetic reversion assay, the cytosine deaminase activity of M.SssI. Confirming previous results we showed that M.SssI can deaminate cytosine to uracil in a slow reaction in the absence of SAM and that the rate of this reaction can be increased by the SAM analogue 5'-amino-5'-deoxyadenosine. We could not detect M.SssI-catalyzed deamination of C5-methylcytosine ((m5)C). We found conditions where the rate of M.SssI mediated C-to-U deamination was at least 100-fold higher than the rate of (m5)C-to-T conversion. Although this difference in reactivities suggests that the enzyme could be used to identify C5-methylated cytosines in the epigenetically important CG dinucleotides, the rate of M.SssI mediated cytosine deamination is too low to become an enzymatic alternative to the bisulfite reaction. Amino acid replacements in the presumed SAM binding pocket of M.SssI (F17S and G19D) resulted in greatly reduced methyltransferase activity. The G19D variant showed cytosine deaminase activity in E. coli, at physiological SAM concentrations. Interestingly, the C-to-U deaminase activity was also detectable in an E. coli ung (+) host proficient in uracil excision repair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ildikó Stier
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Antal Kiss
- Institute of Biochemistry, Biological Research Center of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary
- * E-mail:
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Zhang YN, Song M, Ng TB, Zhao L, Liu F. Purification and characterization of antioxidant components from the fruiting bodies of Pleurotus abalonus including 9-beta-d-ribofuranosidoadenine, 5'-deoxy-5'-(methylthio)adenosine, and a triterpenoid. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2013; 36:689-696. [PMID: 23892470 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2013.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2013] [Revised: 06/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Although Pleurotus abalonus is a well-known edible mushroom in Asia, there is a dearth of information on its antioxidant activity. The present report is the first one focused on the purification and characterization of 9-beta-d-ribofuranosidoadenine (ADO), 5'-deoxy-5'-(methylthio) adenosine (MTA) and a triterpenoid complex from P. abalonus. Different antioxidant activities including inhibitory effects on hemolysis and lipid peroxidation in brain and kidney homogenates as well as significant synergistic effect on scavenging of hydroxyl radicals were demonstrated, which lays a foundation for the development of P. abalonus as a natural antioxidant applied in medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Ni Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Min Song
- Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Tzi Bun Ng
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Li Zhao
- Tianjin Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
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Song L, Shi JG, Lin S, Yang YC, Yao CS. [Chemical constituents from the linseed meal]. Yao Xue Xue Bao 2013; 48:521-525. [PMID: 23833939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Ten compounds were isolated from the 70% ethanol extract of linseed meal (Linum usitatissimum L) through a combination of various chromatographic techniques, including silica gel, macroporous adsorbent resin, Sephadex LH-20, and preparative HPLC. On the basis of spectroscopic data analysis, they were elucidated as 1-methylethyl-2-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1" --> 6')-beta-D-glucopyanoside (1), linustatin (2), neolinustatin (3), lotaustralin (4), linamarin (5), deoxyguanosine (6), deoxyadenosine (7), (+)-pinoresinol-4'-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside (8), 4-O-beta-D-glucopyranosylvanillyl alcohol (9) and tachioside (10), separately. Among them, compound 1 is a new compound, and compounds 6, 8 and 10 were isolated from the linseed meal for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Song
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Chen ZG, Zhang DN, Cao L, Han YB. Highly efficient and regioselective acylation of pharmacologically interesting cordycepin catalyzed by lipase in the eco-friendly solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran. Bioresour Technol 2013; 133:82-86. [PMID: 23425581 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2012] [Revised: 01/21/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
A total of nine lipases and three proteases were tested for enzymatic regioselective acylation(s) of cordycepin with vinyl acetate in organic media. The highest conversion with better initial reaction rate was achieved with immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (Novozym 435). An eco-friendly solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MeTHF) was thought to be the most suitable reaction medium. Novozym 435 was found to be a useful biocatalyst for the 25-g scale syntheses of cordycepin acetate (96.2% isolated yield), and the biocatalyst displayed excellent regioselectivity and high operational stability during the transformation. The 5'-substituted cordycepin derivative was the sole detectable product from each acylation reaction. Novozym 435 could be recycled for the synthesis of cordycepin derivative on a 25-g scale and 63% of its original activity was maintained after being reused for 7 batches. MeTHF could be considered as an eco-friendly solvent for the large scale use in biotransformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Gang Chen
- College of Food Science & Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, PR China.
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Sohn SH, Lee SC, Hwang SY, Kim SW, Kim IW, Ye MB, Kim SK. Effect of long-term administration of cordycepin from Cordyceps militaris on testicular function in middle-aged rats. Planta Med 2012; 78:1620-1625. [PMID: 22872590 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1315212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the potential beneficial effect of cordycepin on the decline of testicular function induced with age. A total of 30 male Sprague-Dawley rats (twenty-four 12-month-olds and six 2-month-olds) were divided into five groups. The young control (YC) and middle-aged control (MC) groups received vehicle only. Cordycepin-treated groups were administered daily doses of oral cordycepin at 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg body weight for 4 months. As a result, the MC group exhibited epididymal weight loss, decreased sperm motility, and reduced spermatogenesis compared to the young control group. Interestingly, the epididymal weights of middle-aged rats were dose-dependently increased by treatment with cordycepin. Cordycepin also improved calcium levels and decreased urea and nitrogen, uric acid, and creatinine in the blood of middle-aged rats. In addition, cordycepin significantly increased sperm motility and the progressiveness of sperm movement. All cordycepin-treated groups showed well-arranged spermatogonia, densely packed cellular material, and increased numbers of mature spermatozoa in the seminiferous lumen compared to the middle-aged control group. These results indicate that long-term administration of cordycepin can counteract the decline of testicular function in middle-aged rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Hyun Sohn
- Department of Life Science, College of Biomedical and Health Science, Konkuk University, Chungju, Republic of Korea
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Hiscox MJ, Driesener RC, Roach PL. Enzyme catalyzed formation of radicals from S-adenosylmethionine and inhibition of enzyme activity by the cleavage products. Biochim Biophys Acta 2012; 1824:1165-77. [PMID: 22504666 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2012.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
A large superfamily of enzymes have been identified that make use of radical intermediates derived by reductive cleavage of S-adenosylmethionine. The primary nature of the radical intermediates makes them highly reactive and potent oxidants. They are used to initiate biotransformations by hydrogen atom abstraction, a process that allows a particularly diverse range of substrates to be functionalized, including substrates with relatively inert chemical structures. In the first part of this review, we discuss the evidence supporting the mechanism of radical formation from S-adenosylmethionine. In the second part of the review, we examine the potential of reaction products arising from S-adenosylmethionine to cause product inhibition. The effects of this product inhibition on kinetic studies of 'radical S-adenosylmethionine' enzymes are discussed and strategies to overcome these issues are reviewed. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Radical SAM enzymes and Radical Enzymology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyn J Hiscox
- School of Chemistry, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
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Waduwara-Jayabahu I, Oppermann Y, Wirtz M, Hull ZT, Schoor S, Plotnikov AN, Hell R, Sauter M, Moffatt BA. Recycling of methylthioadenosine is essential for normal vascular development and reproduction in Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol 2012; 158:1728-44. [PMID: 22345506 PMCID: PMC3320181 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.191072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
5'-Methylthioadenosine (MTA) is the common by-product of polyamine (PA), nicotianamine (NA), and ethylene biosynthesis in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). The methylthiol moiety of MTA is salvaged by 5'-methylthioadenosine nucleosidase (MTN) in a reaction producing methylthioribose (MTR) and adenine. The MTN double mutant, mtn1-1mtn2-1, retains approximately 14% of the MTN enzyme activity present in the wild type and displays a pleiotropic phenotype that includes altered vasculature and impaired fertility. These abnormal traits were associated with increased MTA levels, altered PA profiles, and reduced NA content. Exogenous feeding of PAs partially recovered fertility, whereas NA supplementation improved fertility and also reversed interveinal chlorosis. The analysis of PA synthase crystal structures containing bound MTA suggests that the corresponding enzyme activities are sensitive to available MTA. Mutant plants that expressed either MTN or human methylthioadenosine phosphorylase (which metabolizes MTA without producing MTR) appeared wild type, proving that the abnormal traits of the mutant are due to MTA accumulation rather than reduced MTR. Based on our results, we propose that the key targets affected by increased MTA content are thermospermine synthase activity and spermidine-dependent posttranslational modification of eukaryotic initiation factor 5A.
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Abstract
Diastereomeric 8,5'-cyclopurine 2'-deoxynucleosides, containing a covalent bond between the deoxyribose and the purine base, are induced in DNA by ionizing radiation. They are suspected to play a role in the etiology of neurodegeneration in xeroderma pigmentosum patients. If not repaired, the S-8,5'-cyclo-2'-deoxyguanosine lesion (S-cdG) induces Pol V-dependent mutations at a frequency of 34% in Escherichia coli. Most are S-cdG → A transitions, suggesting mis-incorporation of dTTP opposite the lesion during replication bypass, although low levels of S-cdG → T transversions, arising from mis-incorporation of dATP, are also observed. We report the structures of 5'-d(GTGCXTGTTTGT)-3'·5'-d(ACAAACAYGCAC)-3', where X denotes S-cdG and Y denotes either dA or dT, corresponding to the situation following mis-insertion of either dTTP or dATP opposite the S-cdG lesion. The S-cdG·dT mismatch pair adopts a wobble base pairing. This provides a plausible rationale for the S-cdG → A transitions. The S-cdG·dA mismatch pair differs in conformation from the dG·dA mismatch pair. For the S-cdG·dA mismatch pair, both S-cdG and dA intercalate, but no hydrogen bonding is observed between S-cdG and dA. This is consistent with the lower levels of S-cdG → T transitions in E. coli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Center in
Molecular Toxicology, and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235,
United States
| | - Rajat
S. Das
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Ashis K. Basu
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, United States
| | - Michael P. Stone
- Department of Chemistry, Center in
Molecular Toxicology, and Center for Structural Biology, Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235,
United States
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Pitakpornpreecha T, Plubrukarn A, Wititsuwannakul R. Quantification of 5'-deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine in heat-treated natural rubber latex serum. Phytochem Anal 2012; 23:12-15. [PMID: 21538640 DOI: 10.1002/pca.1319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2010] [Revised: 12/30/2010] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 5'-Deoxy-5'-methylthioadenosine (MTA) is one of the biologically active components found in natural rubber latex (NRL) serum, a common waste product from rubber plantations. In this study the contents of MTA in heat-treated NRL serum were measured in order to assess the potential of the serum as an alternative source of MTA. OBJECTIVE To devise an HPLC/UV-based quantitative analytical protocol for the determination of MTA, and to determine the effect of heat treatment on the content of MTA in NRL serum from various sources. METHODOLOGY An HPLC/UV-based determination of MTA using an acidic eluant was devised and validated. In the heat treatment, the effect of refluxing times on MTA liberation was evaluated. RESULTS The quantification protocol was validated with satisfying linearity, limits of detection and quantitation, precisions for peak areas and recovery percentages from intra- and inter-day operations. The amounts of MTA in the NRL sera from various sources increased with heat treatment to yield 5-12 μg MTA/mL of serum. CONCLUSION The devised protocol was found to be satisfyingly applicable to the routine determination of MTA in NRL serum. The effect of heat treatment on the content of MTA also indicated another possible use for NRL serum, normally discarded in vast amounts by the rubber industry, as an alternative source of MTA.
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Potenza L, Calcabrini C, Bellis RD, Mancini U, Polidori E, Zeppa S, Alloni R, Cucchiarini L, Dacha M. Effect of surgical stress on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from healthy sections of colon and rectum of patients with colorectal cancer. J Biosci 2011; 36:243-51. [PMID: 21654079 DOI: 10.1007/s12038-011-9064-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Surgical resection at any location in the body leads to stress response with cellular and subcellular change, leading to tissue damage. The intestine is extremely sensitive to surgical stress with consequent postoperative complications. It has been suggested that the increase of reactive oxygen species as subcellular changes plays an important role in this process. This article focuses on the effect of surgical stress on nuclear and mitochondrial DNA from healthy sections of colon and rectum of patients with colorectal cancer. Mitochondrial DNA copy number, mitochondrial common deletion and nuclear and mitochondrial 8-oxo-2'-deoxyguanosine content were measured. Both the colon and rectal tissue were significantly damaged either at the nuclear or mitochondrial level. In particular, mitochondrial DNA was more damaged in rectum than in colon. The present investigation found an association between surgical stress and nuclear and mitochondrial DNA damage, suggesting that surgery may generate an increase in free radicals, which trigger a cascade of molecular changes, including alterations in DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Potenza
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomolecolari, Universita degli Studi di Urbino 'Carlo Bo', Urbino, Italy.
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Li X, Kuang Y, Lin HC, Gao Y, Shi J, Xu B. Supramolecular nanofibers and hydrogels of nucleopeptides. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2011; 50:9365-9. [PMID: 21948432 PMCID: PMC3251214 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201103641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2011] [Revised: 07/19/2011] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, 415 South St., Waltham, MA 02454, USA, Fax: (+) 01-781-736-5201
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Begemann P, Boysen G, Georgieva NI, Sangaiah R, Koshlap KM, Koc H, Zhang D, Golding BT, Gold A, Swenberg JA. Identification and characterization of 2'-deoxyadenosine adducts formed by isoprene monoepoxides in vitro. Chem Res Toxicol 2011; 24:1048-61. [PMID: 21548641 PMCID: PMC3140868 DOI: 10.1021/tx200055c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Isoprene, the 2-methyl analogue of 1,3-butadiene, is ubiquitous in the environment, with major contributions to total isoprene emissions stemming from natural processes despite the compound being a bulk industrial chemical. Additionally, isoprene is a combustion product and a major component in cigarette smoke. Isoprene has been classified as possibly carcinogenic to humans (group 2B) by IARC and as reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen by the National Toxicology Program. Isoprene, like butadiene, requires metabolic activation to reactive epoxides to exhibit its carcinogenic properties. The mode of action has been postulated to be that of a genotoxic carcinogen, with the formation of promutagenic DNA adducts being essential for mutagenesis and carcinogenesis. In rodents, isoprene-induced tumors show unique point mutations (A→T transversions) in the K-ras protooncogene at codon 61. Therefore, we investigated adducts formed after the reaction of 2'-deoxyadenosine (dAdo ) with the two monoepoxides of isoprene, 2-ethenyl-2-methyloxirane (IP-1,2-O) and propen-2-yloxirane (IP-3,4-O), under physiological conditions. The formation of N1-2'-deoxyinosine (N1-dIno) due to the deamination of N1-dAdo adducts was of particular interest, since N1-dIno adducts are suspected to have high mutagenic potential based on in vitro experiments. Major stable adducts were identified by HPLC, UV-spectroscopy, and LC-MS/MS and characterized by (1)H NMR and (1)H,(13)C HSQC and HMBC NMR experiments. Adducts of IP-1,2-O that were fully identified are R,S-C1-N(6)-dAdo, R-C2-N(6)-dAdo, and S-C2-N(6)-dAdo; adducts of IP-3,4-O are S-C3-N(6)-dAdo, R-C3-N(6)-dAdo, R,S-C4-N(6)-dAdo, S-C4-N1-dIno, R-C4-N1-dIno, R-C3-N1-dIno, S-C3-N1-dIno, and C3-N7-Ade. Both monoepoxides formed adducts on the terminal and internal oxirane carbons. This is the first study to describe adducts of isoprene monoepoxides with dAdo. Characterization of adducts formed by isoprene monoepoxides with deoxynucleosides and subsequently with DNA represent the first step toward evaluating their potential for being converted into a mutation or as biomarkers of isoprene metabolism and exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Begemann
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
| | - Gunnar Boysen
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
- Center of Environmental Health and Susceptibility, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
| | - Nadia I. Georgieva
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
| | - Ramiah Sangaiah
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
| | - Karl M. Koshlap
- School of Pharmacy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7360
| | - Hasan Koc
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
| | - Daping Zhang
- School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU U.K
| | - Bernard T. Golding
- School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU U.K
| | - Avram Gold
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
| | - James A. Swenberg
- Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
- Center of Environmental Health and Susceptibility, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-7431
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Sun Y, Wang YH, Qu K, Zhu HB. Beneficial effects of cordycepin on metabolic profiles of liver and plasma from hyperlipidemic hamsters. J Asian Nat Prod Res 2011; 13:534-546. [PMID: 21623517 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2011.575364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this study, (1)H NMR-based metabonomics was applied to evaluate the beneficial effects of cordycepin (3'-deoxyadenosine), a natural monomer compound, on endogenous metabolic profiles of liver and plasma from hyperlipidemic Syrian golden hamsters. Hyperlipidemia was successfully established in hamsters fed by a high-fat diet for 2 weeks. The hyperlipidemic hamsters were treated with an oral administration of simvastatin (2 mg kg(- 1)) or cordycepin (140 mg kg(- 1)) for consecutive 4 weeks. The metabolic profiles of plasma and intact liver tissues were established using (1)H NMR spectroscopy. The results showed higher contents of lipids (triglyceride and cholesterol), lactate, acetate, alanine, glutamine together with lower contents of choline-containing compounds (e.g. phosphocholine, phosphatidylcholine, and glycerophosphocholine), glucose, and glycogen in plasma and liver samples from hyperlipidemic hamsters than those in controls. Cordycepin afforded a little lipid-regulating activity on plasma but more beneficial effects on liver, implicating that cordycepin might have a protective effect on liver under fatty liver condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine, Ministry of Education, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Abraham J, Brooks PJ. Divergent effects of oxidatively induced modification to the C8 of 2'-deoxyadenosine on transcription factor binding: 8,5'(S)-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine inhibits the binding of multiple sequence specific transcription factors, while 8-oxo-2'-deoxyadenosine increases binding of CREB and NF-kappa B to DNA. Environ Mol Mutagen 2011; 52:287-295. [PMID: 20872830 DOI: 10.1002/em.20619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2010] [Accepted: 06/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
DNA is exposed to endogenous and environmental factors that can form stable lesions. If not repaired, these lesions can lead to transcription/replication blocking or mutagenic bypass. Our previous work has focused on 8,5'-cyclopurine 2'-deoxyribonucleosides, a unique class of oxidatively induced DNA lesions that are specifically repaired by the NER pathway (see Brooks PJ [2008]: DNA Repair 7:1168-1179). Here we used EMSA to monitor the ability of sequence-specific transcription factors, HSF1, CREB, and NF-kappaB and "architectural" transcription factor, HMGA, to bind to their target sequences when 8, 5'(S)-cyclo-2'-deoxyadenosine (cyclo-dAdo) is present within their recognition sequences. For comparison, we also tested the effect of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydro-2'-deoxyadenosine (8-oxo-dAdo) in the same recognition sequences. The presence of a cyclo-dAdo lesion in the target sequence essentially eliminated the binding activity of HSF1, CREB, and NF-kappa B whereas HMGA retained some of its binding activity. In contrast, 8-oxo-dAdo had no obvious effect on the binding activity of HSF1 and HMGA in comparison to lesion-free DNA. Notably, though, CREB and NFκB binding increased when an 8-oxo-dAdo lesion was present in their target sequence. Competition EMSA showed about 2-3-fold increased affinity of both proteins for the 8-oxo-dAdo containing target sequence compared to lesion-free DNA. Molecular modeling of the lesions in the NF-kappaB sequence indicated that 8-oxo-dAdo may form an additional hydrogen bond with the protein, thereby strengthening the binding of NF-kappa B to its DNA target. The cyclo-dAdo lesion, in contrast, distorted the DNA structure, providing an explanation for the inhibition of NF-kappaB binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessy Abraham
- Section on Molecular Neurobiology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Rockville, Maryland 20852, USA
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Kirby K, Singh K, Michailidis E, Marchand B, Kodama E, Ashida N, Mitsuya H, Parniak M, Sarafianos S. The sugar ring conformation of 4'-ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine and its recognition by the polymerase active site of HIV reverse transcriptase. Cell Mol Biol (Noisy-le-grand) 2011; 57:40-46. [PMID: 21366961 PMCID: PMC3119259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 01/05/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
4' Ethynyl-2-fluoro-2'-deoxyadenosine (EFdA) is the most potent inhibitor of HIV reverse transcriptase (RT). We have recently named EFdA a Translocation Defective RT Inhibitor (TDRTI) because after its incorporation in the nucleic acid it blocks DNA polymerization, primarily by preventing translocation of RT on the template/primer that has EFdA at the 3'-primer end (T/PEFdA). The sugar ring conformation of EFdA may also influence RT inhibition by a) affecting the binding of EFdA triphosphate (EFdATP) at the RT active site and/or b) by preventing proper positioning of the 3'-OH of EFdA in T/PEFdA that is required for efficient DNA synthesis. Specifically, the North (C2'-exo/C3'-endo), but not the South (C2'-endo/C3'-exo) nucleotide sugar ring conformation is required for efficient binding at the primer-binding and polymerase active sites of RT. In this study we use nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy experiments to determine the sugar ring conformation of EFdA. We find that unlike adenosine nucleosides unsubstituted at the 4'-position, the sugar ring of EFdA is primarily in the North conformation. This difference in sugar ring puckering likely contributes to the more efficient incorporation of EFdATP by RT than dATP. In addition, it suggests that the 3'-OH of EFdA in T/PEFdA is not likely to prevent incorporation of additional nucleotides and thus it does not contribute to the mechanism of RT inhibition. This study provides the first insights into how structural attributes of EFdA affect its antiviral potency through interactions with its RT target.
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Affiliation(s)
- K.A. Kirby
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - K. Singh
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - E. Michailidis
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - B. Marchand
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
| | - E.N. Kodama
- Division of Emerging Infectious Diseases. Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - N. Ashida
- Yamasa Corporation, Chiba 288-0056, Japan
| | - H. Mitsuya
- Department of Hematology and Infectious Diseases, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan & Experimental Retrovirology Section, HIV/AIDS Malignancy Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - M.A. Parniak
- Department of Molecular Genetics & Biochemistry University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
| | - S.G. Sarafianos
- Christopher S. Bond Life Sciences Center, Department of Molecular Microbiology & Immunology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65211, USA
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Aigner M, Hartl M, Fauster K, Steger J, Bister K, Micura R. Chemical synthesis of site-specifically 2'-azido-modified RNA and potential applications for bioconjugation and RNA interference. Chembiochem 2011; 12:47-51. [PMID: 21171007 PMCID: PMC3193913 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201000646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2010] [Revised: 11/01/2010] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Aigner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Center for Molecular Biosciences CMBI, University of Innsbruck, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Cataldi TRI, Bianco G, Losito I, Carulli S. A validated interpretation of the collision-induced dissociation of protonated 5'-methylthioadenosine through selected A+1 and A+2 isotope fragmentations by tandem mass spectrometry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2010; 24:2925-2930. [PMID: 20857452 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
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