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Abbara S, Grateau G, Ducharme-Bénard S, Saadoun D, Georgin-Lavialle S. Association of Vasculitis and Familial Mediterranean Fever. Front Immunol 2019; 10:763. [PMID: 31031761 PMCID: PMC6473328 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Certain types of vasculitis occur more frequently and present differently in patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). We assessed the characteristics of patients with FMF and systemic vasculitis through a systematic review of the literature. Medline was searched by two independent investigators until December 2017. We screened 310 articles and selected 58 of them (IgA vasculitis n = 12, polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) n = 25, Behçet's disease (BD) n = 7, other vasculitis n = 14). Clinical case reports were available for 167 patients (IgA vasculitis n = 46, PAN n = 61, BD n = 46, other vasculitis n = 14), and unavailable for 45 patients (IgA vasculitis n = 38, PAN n = 7). IgA vasculitis was the most common vasculitis in FMF patients with a prevalence of 2.7-7%, followed by PAN with a prevalence of 0.9-1.4%. Characteristics of FMF did not differ between patients with and without vasculitis. Patients with FMF and IgA vasculitis displayed more intussusception (8.7%) and possibly less IgA deposits on histological analysis than patients with IgA vasculitis alone. Patients with FMF and PAN had a younger age at vasculitis onset (mean age = 17.9 years), as well as more perirenal hematomas (49%) and CNS involvement (31%) than patients with PAN alone. Glomerular involvement was noted in 33% of patients diagnosed with PAN, suggesting an alternative diagnosis. Sequencing of the MEFV gene confirmed the presence of two pathogenic variants in 73% of FMF patients with IgA vasculitis or PAN. The majority of patients with BD were from one case series, and presented more skin, gastrointestinal, and CNS involvement than patients with isolated BD. In conclusion, FMF, particularly when supported by two pathogenic MEFV mutations, could predispose to IgA vasculitis, or a PAN-like vasculitis with more perirenal bleeding and CNS involvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salam Abbara
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS_933, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et des Amyloses d'Origine Inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France
| | - Gilles Grateau
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS_933, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et des Amyloses d'Origine Inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France
| | - Stéphanie Ducharme-Bénard
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS_933, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et des Amyloses d'Origine Inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France
| | - David Saadoun
- Sorbonne Université, AP-HP, Hôpital Pitié-Salpêtrière, Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et des Amyloses d'Origine Inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France
| | - Sophie Georgin-Lavialle
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMRS_933, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, Service de Médecine Interne, Centre de Référence des Maladies Auto-Inflammatoires et des Amyloses d'Origine Inflammatoire (CEREMAIA), Paris, France
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Girisgen I, Sonmez F, Koseoglu K, Erisen S, Yilmaz D. Polyarteritis nodosa and Henoch-Schönlein purpura nephritis in a child with familial Mediterranean fever: a case report. Rheumatol Int 2011; 32:529-33. [PMID: 21259007 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-010-1766-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2010] [Accepted: 12/30/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever is an autosomal recessive disease characterized by recurrent self-limited attacks of fever accompanied by peritonitis, pleuritis, and arthritis. Approximately 5% of individuals with familial Mediterranean fever have been reported to have Henoch-Schonlein purpura and about 1% to have polyarteritis nodosa. A 7-year-old girl presenting with complaints of purpuric rash, abdominal pain, arthritis, hematuria, and proteinuria and having IgA depositions on renal biopsy was diagnosed as Henoch-Schönlein nephritis. She had a history of recurrent fever, abdominal and joint pain and M694 V compound homozygote mutation. Colchicine treatment was started for the diagnosis of FMF. When constitutional symptoms such as myalgia, weight loss, fatigue, fever, and hypertension were added to the clinical picture, the diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa HSP was thought and confirmed by the demonstration of microaneurisms on renal arteries. There was no response to corticosteroid and cyclophosphamide treatments; however, the symptoms were rapidly and dramatically reduced after the administration of intravenous immunoglobulin. In conclusion, polyarteritis nodosa and Henoch-Schonlein purpura can be seen together with familial Mediterranean fever. It is also suggested that IVIG might be an important adjunct therapy in selected patients with polyarteritis nodosa, especially in the lack of response to steroids and immunsuppressive drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilknur Girisgen
- Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Nephrology, Adnan Menderes University, Aydin, Turkey.
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Sozeri B, Mir S, Ertan P, Kara OD, Sen S. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis in a child with Henoch-Schönlein Vasculitis and familial Mediterranean fever. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2009; 7:8. [PMID: 19422708 PMCID: PMC2685790 DOI: 10.1186/1546-0096-7-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2008] [Accepted: 05/07/2009] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Henoch-Schonlein Vasculitis (HSV) is systemic small vessel vasculitis involving the skin, kidney, joints, and gastrointestinal tract. The proportion of patients reported to have renal involvement varies between 20% and 80%. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis (RPGN)is rare syndrome in children, characterized by clinical features of glomerulonephritis (GN) and rapid loss of renal function. We present a severe kidney involvement in a 14 year old boy with HSV in who is carring MEFV mutation. A 14 year old boy had developed sudden onset of palpable purpuric rash on his extensor surfaces of lower extremities. He had elevated an erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) (45 mm/h), C-reactive protein (3.74 mg/dl), serum urea 66 mg/dl, serum creatinine 1.8 mg/dl. Also, he had hypocomplementemia. Antinuclear antibody, anti ds DNA, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody, anticardiolipine antibodies were negative. Urinalysis revealed macroscopic hematuria and proteinuria with a 24-h urinary protein excretion of 55 mg/m2/h. The renal biopsy specimen showed crescentic and necrotizing glomerulonephritis. He had also M694V/E148Q compound heterozygote mutation. Clinical symptoms and renal failure resolved with intermittant hemodialysis and medical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betul Sozeri
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey.
| | - Sevgi Mir
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Pelin Ertan
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Orhan Deniz Kara
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sait Sen
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey
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Ozkaya O, Bek K, Alaca N, Ceyhan M, Açikgöz Y, Taşdemir HA. Cerebral vasculitis in a child with Henoch–Schönlein purpura and familial Mediterranean fever. Clin Rheumatol 2007; 26:1729-32. [PMID: 17235658 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-006-0485-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2006] [Revised: 10/30/2006] [Accepted: 11/07/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
In this case report, a 10-year-old girl with Henoch-Schönlein purpura (HSP) with severe central nervous system involvement and also having familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ozan Ozkaya
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.
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Clinical, laboratory and molecular characteristics of children with Familial Mediterranean Fever‐associated vasculitis. Acta Paediatr 2007. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1651-2227.2000.tb01212.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Balbir-Gurman A, Nahir AM, Braun-Moscovici Y. Vasculitis in siblings with familial Mediterranean fever: a report of three cases and review of the literature. Clin Rheumatol 2006; 26:1183-5. [PMID: 16721494 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-006-0323-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2006] [Revised: 04/16/2006] [Accepted: 04/21/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is characterized by recurrent attacks of self-limited polyserositis and fever. Several types of vasculitis are associated with FMF: polyarteritis nodosa, Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP), and protracted febrile myalgia (PFM). We describe three cases of vasculitis in four siblings of a Sephardic Jewish family with FMF and reviewed the literature. One brother and one sister developed severe HSP with intestinal involvement while another brother developed PFM. Genetic tests in three brothers confirmed the M694V mutation on both alleles. Vasculitides may be a clinical feature of FMF with a higher familiar prevalence. MEFV mutations may act as a genetic susceptibility factor for vasculitides in FMF patients.
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Hatemi G, Masatlioglu S, Gogus F, Ozdogan H. Necrotizing vasculitis associated with familial Mediterranean fever. Am J Med 2004; 117:516-9. [PMID: 15464709 DOI: 10.1016/j.amjmed.2004.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2003] [Revised: 02/13/2004] [Accepted: 02/13/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulen Hatemi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Cerrahpasa Medical School, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Calguneri M, Apras S, Ozbalkan Z, Ozturk MA. The efficacy of interferon-alpha in a patient with resistant familial Mediterranean fever complicated by polyarteritis nodosa. Intern Med 2004; 43:612-4. [PMID: 15335192 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.43.612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) is a recurrent self-limiting polyserositis. Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) complicating FMF is very rare. Here, we present a 17-year-old male patient with FMF who subsequently developed PAN 2 weeks after hepatitis A infection. This case was also complicated with perirenal haematoma, and right nephrectomy was performed. The clinical condition of the patient was improved after therapy with intravenous and oral corticosteroid and intravenous cyclophosphamide. However, the FMF attacks and vasculitic skin lesions again occurred while he was using colchicine plus immunosuppressive agents a few months later. Interferon-alpha therapy was administered and the attacks were resolved within 3 months. He has not experienced any other symptom during the follow-up period of 28 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meral Calguneri
- Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Internal Medicine Department, Section of Rheumatology, Ankara, Turkey
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Bakkaloğlu SA, Muzaç S, Akpek S, Söylemezoğlu O, Buyan N, Hasanoğlu E. Polyarteritis nodosa in a case of familial Mediterranean fever. Pediatr Nephrol 2004; 19:536-8. [PMID: 14963762 DOI: 10.1007/s00467-003-1390-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2003] [Revised: 11/17/2003] [Accepted: 11/19/2003] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
We describe a 7-year-old boy with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF) complicated by polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) with distinct angiographic findings. On admission, he had abdominal pain, arthralgia, and severe fibromyalgia. During hospitalization, he displayed maculopapular eruptions, high blood pressure, gastrointestinal bleeding, and persistent constitutional symptoms mimicking a vasculitic process, most probably PAN. Renal angiography showed a perfusion defect compatible with a renal infarction secondary to a vasculitic process. He responded well to pulse methylprednisolone therapy with colchicine. We emphasize the rare association of FMF and PAN and the non-aneurysmal angiographic signs of PAN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sevcan A Bakkaloğlu
- Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Faculty of Medicine, Gazi University, Besevler, Ankara, Turkey.
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Ozen S, Ben-Chetrit E, Bakkaloglu A, Gur H, Tinaztepe K, Calguneri M, Turgan C, Turkmen A, Akpolat I, Danaci M, Besbas N, Akpolat T. Polyarteritis nodosa in patients with Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF): a concomitant disease or a feature of FMF? Semin Arthritis Rheum 2001; 30:281-7. [PMID: 11182028 DOI: 10.1053/sarh.2001.19958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF) is caused by mutations in the gene encoding pyrin and is characterized by self-limited, recurrent attacks of fever and serositis. Vasculitis has been increasingly reported in FMF. A study evaluating the prognosis in FMF and polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) patients has not been reported previously. OBJECTIVES To determine the special characteristics and the prognosis of PAN in FMF patients. METHODS A questionnaire was used for the present survey. The setting was 7 referral centers from Turkey and Israel. Seventeen patients who were diagnosed with FMF and who developed PAN were included. PAN was diagnosed in those who met the Chapel Hill consensus criteria for microscopic polyarteritis or classic PAN. The clinical features of these 17 patients and the outcomes of their vasculitis were analyzed. RESULTS The age at diagnosis of PAN in these FMF patients ranged from 3.5 to 37 years. All patients had constitutional symptoms, elevated acute phase reactants, and myalgia at the time PAN was diagnosed. The diagnosis of PAN was confirmed by renal angiography in 8 patients, by renal biopsy in 6 patients, and by muscle and/or nodule biopsies in 6 patients. A number of patients had definite features of both classic PAN and microscopic polyarteritis. CONCLUSIONS When compared with other PAN patients, those with FMF tended to have a younger age at PAN onset, more frequent perirenal hematomas, and an overall better prognosis. The cases with overlapping features of microscopic and classic PAN pose a problem for the current classification of vasculitis. We suggest that the clinical representation of PAN in FMF patients has certain characteristics and may be a feature of FMF per se.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ozen
- Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
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