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Outzen M, Thomsen ST, Andersen R, Jakobsen LS, Jakobsen MU, Nauta M, Ravn-Haren G, Sloth JJ, Pilegaard K, Poulsen M. Evaluating the health impact of increased linseed consumption in the Danish population. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 183:114308. [PMID: 38056808 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2023.114308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Consumption of linseeds has been suggested to have beneficial effects on human health. However, toxic constituents of linseed may compromise these benefits. We conducted a quantitative risk-benefit assessment to evaluate the overall health impact of increasing linseed intake up to 45 g/day in the Danish population (15-74 years). We quantified the risks associated with increased cadmium exposure and the benefits associated with increased intake of dietary fibre. Increased intakes of alpha-linoleic acid (ALA) were included in a sensitivity analysis. The overall health impact of different linseed intake scenarios was estimated in terms of Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs). We found that the beneficial effects of linseed due to increased intake of dietary fibre outweighed the adverse health effects due to increased cadmium exposure in all scenarios. Up to 670 DALYs/100,000 individuals could be averted per year by increasing linseed consumption in the Danish population. The estimated beneficial health impact increased further when including ALA in the assessment. Different sources of uncertainty might affect the results, and more research is needed on both the health effects associated with intake of linseed and its constituents, and the bioavailability of ALA and cadmium from linseed to further improve the risk-benefit assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malene Outzen
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Sofie Theresa Thomsen
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| | - Rikke Andersen
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Lea Sletting Jakobsen
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Marianne Uhre Jakobsen
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Maarten Nauta
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology & Prevention, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen S, Denmark
| | - Gitte Ravn-Haren
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Jørgen Sloth
- Research Group for Analytical Food Chemistry, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Kirsten Pilegaard
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Morten Poulsen
- Research Group for Risk-Benefit, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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Aghakhani A, Hezave MB, Rasouli A, Saberi Rounkian M, Soleimanlou F, Alhani A, Sabet Eqlidi N, Pirani M, Mehrtabar S, Zerangian N, Pormehr-Yabandeh A, Keylani K, Tizro N, Deravi N. Endoplasmic Reticulum as a Therapeutic Target in Cancer: Is there a Role for Flavonoids? Curr Mol Med 2024; 24:298-315. [PMID: 36959143 DOI: 10.2174/1566524023666230320103429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
Flavonoids are classified into subclasses of polyphenols, a multipurpose category of natural compounds which comprises secondary metabolites extracted from vascular plants and are plentiful in the human diet. Although the details of flavonoid mechanisms are still not realized correctly, they are generally regarded as antimicrobial, anti-fungal, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative; anti-mutagenic; anti-neoplastic; anti-aging; anti-diabetic, cardio-protective, etc. The anti-cancer properties of flavonoids are evident in functions such as prevention of proliferation, metastasis, invasion, inflammation and activation of cell death. Tumors growth and enlargement expose cells to acidosis, hypoxia, and lack of nutrients which result in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress; it triggers the unfolded protein response (UPR), which reclaims homeostasis or activates autophagy. Steady stimulation of ER stress can switch autophagy to apoptosis. The connection between ER stress and cancer, in association with UPR, has been explained. The signals provided by UPR can activate or inhibit anti-apoptotic or apoptotic pathways depending on the period and grade of ER stress. In this review, we will peruse the link between flavonoids and their impact on the endoplasmic reticulum in association with cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ava Aghakhani
- School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Asma Rasouli
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Masoumeh Saberi Rounkian
- Student Research Committee, School of Paramedicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Soleimanlou
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Arian Alhani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nasim Sabet Eqlidi
- Student Research Committee, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Pirani
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Mehrtabar
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Nasibeh Zerangian
- Department of Health Education and Health Promotion, School of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Asiyeh Pormehr-Yabandeh
- Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran
| | - Kimia Keylani
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Neda Tizro
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Niloofar Deravi
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Santos RA, Pessoa HR, Daleprane JB, de Faria Lopes GP, da Costa DCF. Comparative Anticancer Potential of Green Tea Extract and Epigallocatechin-3-gallate on Breast Cancer Spheroids. Foods 2023; 13:64. [PMID: 38201092 PMCID: PMC10778335 DOI: 10.3390/foods13010064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite advances in diagnosis and therapy, breast cancer remains the leading cause of death in many countries. Green tea (GT) has been proposed to play a crucial role in cancer chemoprevention. Although extensive research has been conducted on GT phytochemicals, most experimental studies concentrate mainly on commercial formulations or isolated catechins. This study presents a comparative investigation into the anticancer properties of green tea extract (GTE) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in a three-dimensional (3D) MCF-7 breast cancer cell culture. MCF-7 spheroids were exposed to GTE or EGCG, and effects on 3D culture formation, growth, cell viability, and migration were examined. GTE inhibits cell migration and the formation of breast cancer spheroids more effectively than EGCG, while inducing more pronounced morphological changes in the spheroids' structure. These findings suggest that the food matrix improves GTE effects on breast cancer spheroids, supporting the hypothesis that a mixture of phytochemicals might enhance its anticancer potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronimara A. Santos
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (H.R.P.)
| | - Heloisa Rodrigues Pessoa
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (H.R.P.)
| | - Julio Beltrame Daleprane
- Laboratory for Studies of Interactions between Nutrition and Genetics, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil;
| | - Giselle Pinto de Faria Lopes
- Almirante Paulo Moreira Institute of Sea Studies, Division of Natural Products, Department of Marine Biotechnology, Arraial do Cabo 28930-000, Brazil;
| | - Danielly C. Ferraz da Costa
- Laboratory of Physiopathology and Biochemistry of Nutrition, Nutrition Institute, Rio de Janeiro State University, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, Brazil; (R.A.S.); (H.R.P.)
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Gamba M, Pano O, Raguindin PF, Roa-Diaz ZM, Muka T, Glisic M, Franco OH, Marques-Vidal P. Association between Total Dietary Phytochemical Intake and Cardiometabolic Health Outcomes-Results from a 10-Year Follow-Up on a Middle-Aged Cohort Population. Nutrients 2023; 15:4793. [PMID: 38004187 PMCID: PMC10674839 DOI: 10.3390/nu15224793] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary phytochemical intake associations with cardiovascular health and mortality remain unknown. We studied the relations between total dietary phytochemical intake and cardiovascular health outcomes in a middle-aged Swiss population. We analyzed data spanning 2009 to 2021 from a prospective cohort study in Lausanne, Switzerland, including 3721 participants (54.8% women, 57.2 ± 10.3 years) without cardiovascular disease (CVD) history. Dietary intake was assessed using a validated self-reported food frequency questionnaire. The Dietary Phytochemical Index (DPI) and the healthy Dietary Phytochemical Index (hDPI) were calculated as the total energy intake percentage obtained from phytochemical-rich food consumption. The Healthy Plant-Based Diet Index (hPBD) was estimated by scoring healthy plant foods positively and less-healthy plant foods negatively. Indices tertiles and cardiometabolic outcome associations were determined using Cox proportional hazard models. Over 30,217 person-years of follow-up, 262 CVD events, and 178 deaths occurred. Unadjusted analyses found 36%, 33%, and 32% lower CVD risk for the highest hDPI, DPI, and hPBD tertiles, respectively. After adjustment, only the second hDPI tertile showed a 30% lower CVD risk (HR 0.70, 95% CI 0.51-0.95; P for trend 0.362). No other associations emerged. In this middle-aged Swiss cohort, no associations between dietary indices reflecting a phytochemical-rich dietary pattern and incident CVD, all-cause, or CVD mortality were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gamba
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (I.S.P.M.), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Octavio Pano
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (I.S.P.M.), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31009 Pamplona, Spain
| | | | - Zayne M. Roa-Diaz
- Medical Library, University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Instituto Proinapsa, Universidad Industrial de Santander, Bucaramanga 680002, Colombia
| | - Taulant Muka
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (I.S.P.M.), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Epistudia, 3008 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Marija Glisic
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (I.S.P.M.), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Swiss Paraplegic Research, 6207 Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Oscar H. Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (I.S.P.M.), University of Bern, 3012 Bern, Switzerland
- Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (C.H.U.V.) and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland;
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Gamba M, Roa-Diaz ZM, Raguindin PF, Glisic M, Bano A, Muka T, Franco OH, Marques-Vidal P. Association between dietary phytochemical index, cardiometabolic risk factors and metabolic syndrome in Switzerland. The CoLaus study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:2220-2232. [PMID: 37598028 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Plant-based diets are associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk factors (CRFs) and lower risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS), probably via phytochemicals acting synergistically. However, dietary phytochemical content estimation is challenging; therefore, the dietary phytochemical index (DPI) was proposed as a practical way to assess total dietary phytochemical content from phytochemical-rich foods (PRFs). We evaluated the association between DPI with CRFs and MetS and its components. METHODS AND RESULTS Cross-sectional analysis of 2009-2012 data of Colaus cohort study (Lausanne, Switzerland), including 3879 participants (mean age 57.6 ± 10.4 years, 53.5% women). Dietary intake was assessed via a validated food frequency questionnaire. DPI was calculated as the total energy intake percentage obtained from PRFs consumption and assessed as quartiles. Associations were determined using multivariable linear and logistic regression for CRFs and MetS, respectively. Median DPI value was 25.5 (interquartile range: 17.7-34.6). After multivariable-adjusted analyses, significant inverse associations were observed between the last two highest DPI quartiles and waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), insulin, leptin, and hs-CRP. No significant associations were observed for MetS or its components except for central obesity, as subjects in the highest DPI quartile had lower odds (OR: 0.78; 95% CI: 0.62, 0.97) than those in lowest quartile. CONCLUSION A diet high in PRFs assessed via DPI is associated with lower WC, BMI, insulin, leptin, hs-CRP values, and lower odds of central obesity, indicating a potential protective effect of phytochemical intake on these CRFs and highlighting the importance of high PRFs intake in promoting cardiometabolic health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magda Gamba
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Zayne M Roa-Diaz
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Peter Francis Raguindin
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland; Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine, University of Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Marija Glisic
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Swiss Paraplegic Research, Nottwil, Switzerland
| | - Arjola Bano
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Taulant Muka
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Oscar H Franco
- Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine (ISPM), University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Global Public Health, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Pedro Marques-Vidal
- Department of Medicine, Internal Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Xu Y, Li Y, Hu J, Gibson R, Rodriguez-Mateos A. Development of a novel (poly)phenol-rich diet score and its association with urinary (poly)phenol metabolites. Food Funct 2023; 14:9635-9649. [PMID: 37840467 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo01982a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2023]
Abstract
Background: Estimating (poly)phenol intake is challenging due to inadequate dietary assessment tools and limited food content data. Currently, a priori diet scores to characterise (poly)phenol-rich diets are lacking. This study aimed to develop a novel (poly)phenol-rich diet score (PPS) and explore its relationship with circulating (poly)phenol metabolites. Methods: A total of 543 healthy free-living participants aged 18-80 years completed a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (EPIC-Norfolk) and provided 24 h urine samples. The PPS was developed based on the relative intake (quintiles) of 20 selected (poly)phenol-rich food items abundant in the UK diet, including tea, coffee, red wine, whole grains, chocolate and cocoa products, berries, apples and juice, pears, grapes, plums, citrus fruits and juice, potatoes and carrots, onions, peppers, garlic, green vegetables, pulses, soy and soy products, nuts, and olive oil. Foods included in the PPS were chosen based on their (poly)phenol content, main sources of (poly)phenols, and consumption frequencies in the UK population. Associations between the PPS and urinary phenolic metabolites were investigated using linear models adjusting energy intake and multiple testing (FDR adjusted p < 0.05). Result: The total PPS ranged from 25 to 88, with a mean score of 54. A total of 51 individual urinary metabolites were significantly associated with the PPS, including 39 phenolic acids, 5 flavonoids, 3 lignans, 2 resveratrol and 2 other (poly)phenol metabolites. The total (poly)phenol intake derived from FFQs also showed a positive association with PPS (stdBeta 0.32, 95% CI (0.24, 0.40), p < 0.01). Significant positive associations were observed in 24 of 27 classes and subclasses of estimated (poly)phenol intake and PPS, with stdBeta values ranging from 0.12 (0.04, 0.20) for theaflavins/thearubigins to 0.43 (0.34, 0.51) for flavonols (p < 0.01). Conclusion: High adherence to the PPS diet is associated with (poly)phenol intake and urinary biomarkers, indicating the utility of the PPS to characterise diets rich in (poly)phenols at a population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Jiaying Hu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Rachel Gibson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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Expósito-Almellón X, Duque-Soto C, López-Salas L, Quirantes-Piné R, de Menezes CR, Borrás-Linares I, Lozano-Sánchez J. Non-Digestible Carbohydrates: Green Extraction from Food By-Products and Assessment of Their Effect on Microbiota Modulation. Nutrients 2023; 15:3880. [PMID: 37764662 PMCID: PMC10538179 DOI: 10.3390/nu15183880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The nature and composition of the waste produced by food industrial processing make its abundance and accumulation an environmental problem. Since these by-products may present a high potential for revalorization and may be used to obtain added-value compounds, the main goals of the technological advancements have been targeted at reducing the environmental impact and benefiting from the retrieval of active compounds with technological and health properties. Among the added-value substances, nondigestible carbohydrates have demonstrated promise. In addition to their well-known technological properties, they have been discovered to modify the gut microbiota and enhance immune function, including the stimulation of immune cells and the control of inflammatory reactions. Furthermore, the combination of these compounds with other substances such us phenols could improve their biological effect on different noncommunicable diseases through microbiota modulation. In order to gain insight into the implementation of this combined strategy, a broader focus concerning different aspects is needed. This review is focused on the optimized green and advanced extraction system applied to obtain added-value nondigestible carbohydrates, the combined administration with phenols and their beneficial effects on microbiota modulation intended for health and/or illness prevention, with particular emphasis on noncommunicable diseases. The isolation of nondigestible carbohydrates from by-products as well as in combination with other bioactive substances could provide an affordable and sustainable source of immunomodulatory chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Expósito-Almellón
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain (C.D.-S.); (L.L.-S.); (J.L.-S.)
| | - Carmen Duque-Soto
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain (C.D.-S.); (L.L.-S.); (J.L.-S.)
| | - Lucía López-Salas
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain (C.D.-S.); (L.L.-S.); (J.L.-S.)
| | - Rosa Quirantes-Piné
- Research and Development Functional Food Centre (CIDAF), Health Science Technological Park, Edificio BioRegión, Avenida del Conocimiento 37, 18016 Granada, Spain;
| | | | - Isabel Borrás-Linares
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avenida de la Fuente Nueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain
| | - Jesús Lozano-Sánchez
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Campus Universitario s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain (C.D.-S.); (L.L.-S.); (J.L.-S.)
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Kim MA, Min KS. Combined effect of apigenin and reduced graphene oxide against Enterococcus faecalis biofilms. J Oral Sci 2023:22-0459. [PMID: 37211399 DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.22-0459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is one of the major microorganisms that causes failure of endodontic treatment. This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial activity of apigenin and its synergistic effect with reduced graphene oxide (RGO) in treating E. faecalis biofilms. METHODS The antibacterial activities were characterized by viability analysis including colony forming units and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) analyses. The effect on biofilm biomass was measured using a crystal violet staining method. Live and dead bacteria bio-volumes were determined by CLSM analysis, and the morphology of E. faecalis biofilm after treatment with apigenin and apigenin + RGO was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). RESULTS The viability of E. faecalis in biofilms decreased by apigenin treatment in a dose-dependent manner. While apigenin alone did not significantly affect the biofilm biomass, apigenin + RGO reduced the biomass in an apigenin concentration-dependent manner. Likewise, the bio-volume of live bacteria decreased and the bio-volume of dead bacteria increased in apigenin-treated biofilms. According to SEM images, apigenin + RGO-treated samples showed less E. faecalis in biofilms than apigenin-only treated samples. CONCLUSION The results suggested that the combined use of apigenin and RGO could be a potential strategy for effective endodontic disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi-Ah Kim
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University
| | - Kyung-San Min
- Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Jeonbuk National University
- Research Institute of Clinical Medicine of Jeonbuk National University
- Biomedical Research Institute of Jeonbuk National University Hospital
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Li Y, Xu Y, Ma X, Le Sayec M, Wu H, Dazzan P, Nosarti C, Heiss C, Gibson R, Rodriguez-Mateos A. (Poly)phenol intake, plant-rich dietary patterns and cardiometabolic health: a cross-sectional study. Food Funct 2023; 14:4078-4091. [PMID: 37097300 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo00019b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/26/2023]
Abstract
Diet is an important modifiable risk factor for cardiometabolic diseases. Plant foods contain a complex mixture of nutrients and bioactive compounds such as (poly)phenols. Plant-rich dietary patterns have been associated with reduced cardiometabolic risk in epidemiological studies. However, studies have not fully considered (poly)phenols as a mediating factor in the relationship. A cross-sectional analysis was conducted in 525 healthy participants, aged 41.6 ± 18.3 years. Volunteers completed the validated European Prospective Investigation into Diet and Cancer (EPIC) Norfolk Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). We investigated the associations between plant-rich dietary patterns, (poly)phenol intake, and cardiometabolic health. Positive associations were found between (poly)phenols and higher adherence to dietary scores, except for the unhealthy Plant-based Diet Index (uPDI), which was negatively associated with (poly)phenol intake. Correlations were significant for healthy PDI (hPDI), with positive associations with proanthocyanidins (r = 0.39, p < 0.01) and flavonols (r = 0.37, p < 0.01). Among dietary scores, Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) showed negative associations with diastolic blood pressure (DBP), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C) (stdBeta -0.12 to -0.10, p < 0.05). The Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) score was positively associated with flow-mediated dilation (FMD, stdBeta = 0.10, p = 0.02) and negatively associated with the 10-year Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD) risk score (stdBeta = -0.12, p = 0.01). Higher intake of flavonoids, flavan-3-ols, flavan-3-ol monomers, theaflavins, and hydroxybenzoic acids (stdBeta: -0.31 to -0.29, p = 0.02) also showed a negative association with a 10-year ASCVD risk score. Flavanones showed significant associations with cardiometabolic markers such as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (stdBeta = -0.11, p = 0.04), TC (stdBeta = -0.13, p = 0.03), and the Homeostasis Model Assessment (HOMA) of beta cell function (%B) (stdBeta = 0.18, p = 0.04). Flavanone intake was identified as a potential partial mediator in the negative association between TC and plant-rich dietary scores DASH, Original Mediterranean diet scores (O-MED), PDI, and hPDI (proportion mediated = 0.01% to 0.07%, p < 0.05). Higher (poly)phenol intake, particularly flavanone intake, is associated with higher adherence to plant-rich dietary patterns and favourable biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk indicating (poly)phenols may be mediating factors in the beneficial effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Li
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Yifan Xu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Xuemei Ma
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
| | - Melanie Le Sayec
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Haonan Wu
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Paola Dazzan
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Mental Health Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London, London, UK
| | - Chiara Nosarti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK
- Centre for the Developing Brain, Department of Perinatal Imaging & Health, School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christian Heiss
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Surrey, UK
| | - Rachel Gibson
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
| | - Ana Rodriguez-Mateos
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Life Course and Population Sciences, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London, UK.
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Potential Role of Natural Antioxidant Products in Oncological Diseases. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030704. [PMID: 36978952 PMCID: PMC10045077 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition has a significant effect and a crucial role in disease prevention. Low consumption of fruit and vegetables and a sedentary lifestyle are closely related with the onset and development of many types of cancer. Recently, nutraceuticals have gained much attention in cancer research due to their pleiotropic effects and relatively non-toxic behavior. In fact, although in the past there have been conflicting results on the role of some antioxidant compounds as allies against cancer, numerous recent clinical studies highlight the efficacy of dietary phytochemicals in the prevention and treatment of cancer. However, further investigation is necessary to gain a deeper understanding of the potential anticancer capacities of dietary phytochemicals as well as the mechanisms of their action. Therefore, this review examined the current literature on the key properties of the bioactive components present in the diet, such as carotenoids, polyphenols, and antioxidant compounds, as well as their use in cancer therapy. The review focused on potential chemopreventive properties, evaluating their synergistic effects with anticancer drugs and, consequently, the side effects associated with current cancer treatments.
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Dietary Flavonoid Intake and Cancer Mortality: A Population-Based Cohort Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15040976. [PMID: 36839330 PMCID: PMC9967058 DOI: 10.3390/nu15040976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide, posing a huge burden upon society and individuals. The adequate intake of fruit and vegetables is reported to be an effective strategy for primary cancer prevention. Fruits and vegetables are rich in nutrients, such as vitamins and flavonoids, which may reduce the occurrence and progression of cancers. However, the importance of each flavonoid and the sub-classes remains controversial regarding cancer mortality. The population benefiting from increased flavonoid intake has not been determined. An estimation of cancer mortality by flavonoid intake is not established. We explored the association between the intake of flavonoids and cancer mortality amongst 14,029 participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. During a median follow-up of 117 months, 405 cancer deaths were confirmed. Being in the second, third, and fourth quartiles of flavonol intake, the cancer mortality was inversely associated with the intake of flavonols (multivariate analysis HR (95% CI] 0.58 [0.36, 0.91], p = 0.02, Q1 vs. Q2; 0.55 [0.31, 0.96], p = 0.04, Q1 vs. Q3; 0.54 [0.30, 0.99], p = 0.05, Q1 vs. Q4, respectively). Potential effects of dietary flavonol intake against cancer death was observed especially in participants aged 50 or above, males, whites, former smokers, people who used to drink or drink alcohol mildly, people without hyperlipidemia, and people with hypertension. Moreover, the dietary intakes of peonidin, naringenin, and catechin were inversely associated with cancer mortality (multivariate HR [95% CI] 0.93 [0.88,0.98], p = 0.01; 0.97 (0.95,1.00), p = 0.03; 0.98 (0.96,1.00), p = 0.05, respectively). Furthermore, a nomogram based on flavonol intake is feasible for assessing cancer mortality for each participant. Taken together, our results could improve personalized nutrition amongst cancer patients.
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Chuang TC, Shao WS, Hsu SC, Lee SL, Kao MC, Wang V. Baicalein Induces G 2/M Cell Cycle Arrest Associated with ROS Generation and CHK2 Activation in Highly Invasive Human Ovarian Cancer Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28031039. [PMID: 36770705 PMCID: PMC9919047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28031039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is a lethal gynecological cancer because drug resistance often results in treatment failure. The CHK2, a tumor suppressor, is considered to be an important molecular target in ovarian cancer due to its role in DNA repair. Dysfunctional CHK2 impairs DNA damage-induced checkpoints, reduces apoptosis, and confers resistance to chemotherapeutic drugs and radiation therapy in ovarian cancer cells. This provides a basis for finding new effective agents targeting CHK2 upregulation or activation to treat or prevent the progression of advanced ovarian cancer. Here, the results show that baicalein (5,6,7-trihydroxyflavone) treatment inhibits the growth of highly invasive ovarian cancer cells, and that baicalein-induced growth inhibition is mediated by the cell cycle arrest in the G2/M phase. Baicalein-induced G2/M phase arrest is associated with an increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, DNA damage, and CHK2 upregulation and activation. Thus, baicalein modulates the expression of DNA damage response proteins and G2/M phase regulatory molecules. Blockade of CHK2 activation by CHK2 inhibitors protects cells from baicalein-mediated G2/M cell cycle arrest. All the results suggest that baicalein has another novel growth inhibitory effect on highly invasive ovarian cancer cells, which is partly related to G2/M cell cycle arrest through the ROS-mediated DNA breakage damage and CHK2 activation. Collectively, our findings provide a molecular basis for the potential of baicalein as an adjuvant therapeutic agent in the treatment of metastatic ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tzu-Chao Chuang
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei 251301, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
| | - Wei-Syun Shao
- Department of Chemistry, Tamkang University, New Taipei 251301, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Chung Hsu
- Department of Early Childhood Care and Education, University of Kang Ning, Taipei 114311, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Lun Lee
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Ching Kao
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung 406040, Taiwan
| | - Vinchi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Cardinal Tien Hospital, New Taipei 231009, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Fu-Jen Catholic University, New Taipei 242062, Taiwan
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13
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Lanuza F, Zamora-Ros R, Rostgaard-Hansen AL, Tjønneland A, Landberg R, Halkjær J, Andres-Lacueva C. Descriptive analysis of dietary (poly)phenol intake in the subcohort MAX from DCH-NG: "Diet, Cancer and Health-Next Generations cohort". Eur J Nutr 2023; 62:337-350. [PMID: 35994085 PMCID: PMC9899735 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02977-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE (Poly)phenols are bioactive compounds widely distributed in plant-based foods. Currently, limited data exist on the intake distribution of (poly)phenols across meals. This study aimed to estimate dietary intakes of all individual (poly)phenols and total intake per class and subclass by meal event, and to identify their main food sources in the subcohort MAX from the Diet, Cancer and Health-Next Generations cohort (DCH-NG). METHODS Dietary data were collected using three web-based 24-h dietary recalls over 1 year. In total, 676 participants completed at least one recall. The dietary data were linked to Phenol-Explorer database using standardized procedures and an in-house software. We categorized foods/drinks into five options of meal events selected by the participant: 'Breakfast', 'Lunch', 'Evening', 'Snack', and 'Drink'. RESULTS Adjusted total (poly)phenols mean intake by meal was the highest in the drink event (563 mg/day in men and 423 mg/day in women) and the lowest in the evening event (146 mg/day in men and 137 mg/day in women). The main overall (poly)phenol class contributor was phenolic acids (55.7-79.0%), except for evening and snack events where it was flavonoids (45.5-60%). The most consumed (poly)phenol subclasses were hydroxycinnamic acids and proanthocyanidins. Nonalcoholic beverages (coffee accounted for 66.4%), cocoa products, and cereals were the main food sources of total (poly)phenols. CONCLUSION This study provides data on the variability in the intake of classes and subclasses of (poly)phenols and their main food sources by meal event according to lifestyle data, age, and gender in a Danish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Lanuza
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.417656.7Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Gran Via de L’Hospitalet, 199, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Agnetha Linn Rostgaard-Hansen
- grid.417390.80000 0001 2175 6024Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- grid.417390.80000 0001 2175 6024Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Rikard Landberg
- grid.5371.00000 0001 0775 6028Department of Biology and Biological Engineering, Division of Food and Nutrition Science, Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jytte Halkjær
- grid.417390.80000 0001 2175 6024Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Cristina Andres-Lacueva
- grid.5841.80000 0004 1937 0247Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences, and Gastronomy, Food Innovation Network (XIA), Institute of Nutrition and Food Safety (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain ,grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
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Dietary Polyphenol Intake and Gastric Cancer: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235878. [PMID: 36497359 PMCID: PMC9737802 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phenolic compound consumption may have a protective effect against gastric cancer (GC). Most GC studies focus on the flavonoids class, but results are conflicting and knowledge gaps remain for other classes and total polyphenol intake. This study aimed to assess the association between polyphenol intake (total, flavonoids, and other classes) and GC. METHODS In this systematic review and meta-analysis, the PubMed, Embase, Scopus, LILACS, Web of Science, and OpenGrey databases were searched for studies published up to 20 March 2022. Case-control and cohort studies analyzing the association between polyphenol intake and GC were included. For the meta-analysis, pooled summary estimates were calculated using a random-effects model, and the estimates extracted adjusted for most variables. Subgroup analyses were performed for subclass (e.g., flavonoids and other classes), sex, geographical area, study design, anatomical subtype, histological subtype, family history of GC and fruit and/or vegetable intake. The study was registered with PROSPERO (#CRD42022306014). FINDINGS The search identified 2752 records, of which 19 studies published during the period 1999-2021 including a total of 1,197,857 subjects were eligible. Polyphenol consumption reduced GC risk by 29% (RR = 0.71; 95% CI: 0.62-0.81; I2 = 60.5%); while flavonoid intake decreased GC risk by 28% (RR = 0.72; 95% CI: 0.61-0.85; I2 = 64.3%), similar to the reduction fort other classes (RR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.54-0.79; I2 = 72.0%). Protective effects against GC were observed in both sexes (male, RR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.67-0.94, I2 = 31.6%; female, RR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.48-0.87, I2 = 49.7%) and for intestinal subtype (RR = 0.65; 95% CI: 0.52-0.82, I2 = 0.0%). By continent, polyphenol consumption reduced GC risk in both Europe (RR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.57-0.79, I2 = 44.2%) and Asia (RR = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.51-0.89, I2 = 60.7%). CONCLUSIONS Dietary polyphenol intake decreased GC risk. The reduction was greatest in females. Most previous studies were carried out in Europe and Asia. Further studies investigating polyphenol consumption and GC in Latin American populations are warranted.
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Marzullo L, Ochkur O, Orlandini S, Renai L, Gotti R, Koshovyi O, Furlanetto S, Del Bubba M. Quality by Design in optimizing the extraction of (poly)phenolic compounds from Vaccinium myrtillus berries. J Chromatogr A 2022; 1677:463329. [PMID: 35863094 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2022.463329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Quality by Design was adopted for developing an effective extraction procedure of (poly)phenolic compounds from bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) fruits, using a pooled sample of berries from different regions of Ukraine. Mechanical solvent extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) were investigated by screening matrices. Extraction time (Time, from 5 to 15 min), organic solvent type (OS type, methanol, ethanol and acetone), organic solvent percentage (OS%, from 50% to 90%), sample/extractant ratio (S/E ratio, from 0.025 to 0.1 g mL-1), and, only for MAE, extraction temperature (T, from 30 to 60°C), were selected as critical method parameters (CMPs). The spectrophotometric assays total soluble polyphenols (TSP), total monomeric anthocyanins (TMA), and radical scavenging activity (evaluated by the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH), the 2,2'-azino-di-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid), and the ferric reducing antioxidant power methods) were chosen as critical method attributes (CMAs). The screening procedure allowed for selecting UAE and methanol, while the other CMPs underwent further optimization through Response Surface Methodology. Target values for TSP, TMA and DPPH were selected and the method operable design region (MODR) was defined by means of Monte-Carlo simulations. The optimized conditions, with the corresponding MODR intervals in bracket, were the following: (i) Time, 17 min (15-23 min); OS%, 56% (44-59%); S/E ratio, 0.030 (0.022-0.034) g mL-1. Under these experimental conditions, CMAs values of the pooled sample were the following (n = 3): TSP=4433±176 mg (+)-catechin eq/100 g dry weight (d.w.); TMA=3575±194 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside eq/100 g d.w.; DPPH=273±5 μg DPPH inhib./mg d.w. The optimized extraction method was tested for matrix effect (ME%) in the UHPLC-MS/MS analysis of 15 anthocyanins and 20 non-anthocyanins individual (poly)phenols commonly found in bilberries, as well as for luteolin, sinapic acid, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside, absent in this fruit and therefore added to the extracts as surrogate standards for evaluating apparent recovery (AR%). |ME%| was in any case ≤ 23% and AR% of the surrogate standards in the range 91-95%, confirming the very good performances of the optimized extraction method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Marzullo
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Oleksandr Ochkur
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Serena Orlandini
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Lapo Renai
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy
| | - Roberto Gotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro 6, Bologna 40126, Italy
| | - Oleh Koshovyi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, National University of Pharmacy, Kharkiv, Ukraine
| | - Sandra Furlanetto
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy.
| | - Massimo Del Bubba
- Department of Chemistry "U. Schiff", University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, Via della Lastruccia 3-13, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence 50019, Italy.
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Bianchi F, Giuberti G, Cervini M, Simonato B. Fortification of Durum Wheat Fresh Pasta with Maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) and Its Effects on Technological, Nutritional, Sensory Properties, and Predicted Glycemic Index. FOOD BIOPROCESS TECH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11947-022-02838-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractPasta, a staple food worldwide consumed, was fortified with maqui (Aristotelia chilensis) berry powder (MBP) and the effect of MBP inclusion was evaluated concerning technological, nutritional, and sensory properties. Fresh pasta samples were formulated by replacing 0, 7.5, and 15 g 100 g−1 of durum wheat semolina with MBP. The inclusion of MBP did not affect the moisture content, but the water activity decreased in the fortified samples, while pH values decreased with increasing MBP levels in the recipe. The pasta fully cooking time and the swelling index were reduced, while the cooking loss and the firmness increased with increasing MBP levels. In addition, MBP increased the total dietary fiber, ash, and phenol contents, along with the in vitro antioxidant activities. The starch hydrolysis index and the predicted glycemic index of cooked fresh pasta decreased along with the increase of MBP addition. The MPB addition to fresh pasta could represent a valuable strategy for increasing its nutritional value, maintaining pasta’s technological properties without affecting the sensory acceptability.
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Bianchi F, Cervini M, Giuberti G, Rocchetti G, Lucini L, Simonato B. Distilled grape pomace as a functional ingredient in vegan muffins: effect on physicochemical, nutritional, rheological and sensory aspects. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bianchi
- Department of Biotechnology University of Verona Strada le Grazie 15 Verona 37134 Italy
| | - Mariasole Cervini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Via Emilia Parmense 84 Piacenza 29121 Italy
| | - Gianluca Giuberti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Via Emilia Parmense 84 Piacenza 29121 Italy
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department of Animal Science, Food and Nutrition Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Via Emilia Parmense 84 Piacenza 29121 Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore Via Emilia Parmense 84 Piacenza 29121 Italy
| | - Barbara Simonato
- Department of Biotechnology University of Verona Strada le Grazie 15 Verona 37134 Italy
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18
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Rainero G, Bianchi F, Rizzi C, Cervini M, Giuberti G, Simonato B. Breadstick fortification with red grape pomace: effect on nutritional, technological and sensory properties. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2022; 102:2545-2552. [PMID: 34676540 PMCID: PMC9298127 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.11596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Grape pomace (GP), a wine-making by-product rich in dietary fiber (DF) and total phenolic compounds (TPC), is a potential functional ingredient in the fortification of baked goods. RESULTS In the present study, fortified breadsticks samples were obtained by replacing wheat flour with 0, 5 and 10 g 100 g-1 of powdered GP (GPP). The GPP inclusion affected the rheological properties of the doughs by increasing the water absorption and tenacity (P) at the same time as reducing the extensibility (L), with a significant increase in the P/L value and a decrease in the swelling index (G) value and deformation energy (W). Textural characteristics of breadsticks were influenced by the GPP addition, showing a reduction in hardness and fracturability as the amount of GPP increased in the recipe. The GPP fortified breadsticks exhibited decreased pH, volume and specific volume values compared to the control. The TPC and the antioxidant capacity increased in GPP fortified breadsticks, whereas the increased amount of DF allowed the products to benefit from the claim 'high fiber content' at the highest level of GPP inclusion. The sensory evaluation revealed that GPP addition increased wine odor, acidity, bitterness, astringency and hardness, and decreased the regularity of alveolation and friability. Finally, the GPP fortified products achieved good sensorial acceptability. CONCLUSION GPP improved the nutritional values of fortified breadsticks and changed the rheology of dough and breadsticks' technological properties without affecting sensory acceptability. © 2021 The Authors. Journal of The Science of Food and Agriculture published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Rainero
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | | | - Corrado Rizzi
- Department of BiotechnologyUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Mariasole Cervini
- Department for Sustainable Food ProcessUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuorePiacenzaItaly
| | - Gianluca Giuberti
- Department for Sustainable Food ProcessUniversità Cattolica del Sacro CuorePiacenzaItaly
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Li J, Chen J, Xiao G, Chen L, Guo X. Impact of kernel development on phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity in
Castanea henryi. Int J Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.15700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Jiayu Chen
- Xingxi Agro‐tech Extension and Service Station Zhenghe 353600 China
| | - Gengsheng Xiao
- College of Food Science and Technology Zhongkai University of Agriculture Engineering Guangzhou 510225 China
| | - Ling Chen
- School of Food Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
| | - Xinbo Guo
- School of Food Science and Engineering Ministry of Education Engineering Research Centre of Starch & Protein Processing Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety South China University of Technology Guangzhou 510640 China
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20
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Chang HP, Huang MC, Lei YP, Chuang YJ, Wang CW, Sheen LY. Phytochemical-rich vegetable and fruit juice alleviates oral mucositis during concurrent chemoradiotherapy in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer. J Tradit Complement Med 2022; 12:488-498. [PMID: 36081822 PMCID: PMC9446194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcme.2022.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Objective Methods Results Conclusion Section Taxonomy The blended vegetable and fruit juice (VFJ) was rich in total polyphenols and carotenoids. In head and neck cancer patients, the VFJ was significantly associated with a lower risk of chemoradiotherapy-induced ulcerative oral mucositis. VFJ is healthy, safe, and effective dietary strategy against oral mucositis.
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21
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Li C, Zhang L, Liu C, He X, Chen M, Chen J. Lipophilic Grape Seed Proanthocyanidin Exerts Anti-Cervical Cancer Effects in HeLa Cells and a HeLa-Derived Xenograft Zebrafish Model. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11020422. [PMID: 35204304 PMCID: PMC8869705 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11020422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipophilic grape seed proanthocyanidin (LGSP) synthesized from GSP and lauric acid exhibits an excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effect. However, its anti-cervical cancer activity is still unknown. In this study, the in vitro anti-cervical cancer activity of LGSP on HeLa cell lines was investigated by MTT assay, flow cytometry and Western blot analysis, and its effect was explored by a HeLa-derived xenograft zebrafish model. LGSP exhibited an excellent anti-proliferative effect on HeLa cells by increasing the level of reactive oxygen species, which further induced cell apoptosis and blocked cell cycle progression in the G2/M phase. LGSP-treated HeLa cells showed a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, upregulation of the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio, release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm, and activation of cleaved caspase-9/3 and cleavage of PARP, thus indicating that LGSP induced apoptosis through the intrinsic mitochondrial/caspase-mediated pathway. In the zebrafish model, LGSP effectively suppressed the growth of a HeLa xenograft tumor. These data suggest that LGSP may be a good candidate for the prevention or treatment of cervical cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (C.L.); (L.Z.); (C.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Linli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (C.L.); (L.Z.); (C.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Chengmei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (C.L.); (L.Z.); (C.L.); (J.C.)
| | - Xuemei He
- Agro-Food Science and Technology Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning 530007, China;
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Storage-Processing Technology, Nanning 530007, China
| | - Mingshun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (C.L.); (L.Z.); (C.L.); (J.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0791-88305871
| | - Jun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330047, China; (C.L.); (L.Z.); (C.L.); (J.C.)
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Lanuza F, Zamora-Ros R, Petermann-Rocha F, Martínez-Sanguinetti MA, Troncoso-Pantoja C, Labraña AM, Leiva-Ordoñez AM, Nazar G, Ramírez-Alarcón K, Ulloa N, Lasserre-Laso N, Parra-Soto S, Martorell M, Villagrán M, Garcia-Diaz DF, Andrés-Lacueva C, Celis-Morales C. Advances in Polyphenol Research from Chile: A Literature Review. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.2009508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F Lanuza
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Epidemiología Cardiovascular y Nutricional (EPICYN), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - R Zamora-Ros
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Petermann-Rocha
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - C Troncoso-Pantoja
- Centro de Investigación en Educación y Desarrollo (CIEDE-UCSC), Departamento de Salud Pública, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - AM Labraña
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - AM Leiva-Ordoñez
- Instituto de Anatomía, Histología y Patología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - G Nazar
- Departamento de Psicología, Facultad de Ciencias Sociales, y Centro de Vida Saludable. Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - K Ramírez-Alarcón
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - N Ulloa
- Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica e Inmunología, Facultad de Farmacia, y Centro de Vida Saludable, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - N Lasserre-Laso
- Escuela de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Salud, Universidad Santo Tomás, Los Ángeles, Chile
| | - S Parra-Soto
- Institute of Health and Wellbeing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - M Martorell
- Departamento de Nutrición y Dietética, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - M Villagrán
- Department of Basic Science, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - DF Garcia-Diaz
- Department of Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Chile, Independencia, 1027 Santiago, Chile
| | - C Andrés-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, Food Technology Reference Net (XaRTA), Nutrition and Food Safety Research Institute (INSA), Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER de Fragilidad y Envejecimiento Saludable (CIBERFES), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Celis-Morales
- BHF Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Centro de Investigación en Fisiología del Ejercicio (CIFE), Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile
- Laboratorio de Rendimiento Humano, Grupo de Estudio en Educación, Actividad Física y Salud (GEEAFyS), Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
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23
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Hu Z, Li M, Cao Y, Akan OD, Guo T, Luo F. Targeting AMPK Signaling by Dietary Polyphenols in Cancer Prevention. Mol Nutr Food Res 2021; 66:e2100732. [PMID: 34802178 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is a serious public health problem in the world and a major disease affecting human health. Dietary polyphenols have shown good potential in the treatment of various cancers. It is worth noting that cancer cells usually exhibit metabolic abnormalities of high glucose intake and inefficient utilization. AMPK is the key molecule in the regulation of energy metabolism and is closely related with obesity and diabetes. Recent studies indicate that AMPK also plays an important role in cancer prevention and regulating cancer-related genes and pathways, and dietary polyphenols can significantly regulate AMPK activity. In this review, the progress of dietary polyphenols preventing carcinogenesis via AMPK pathway is systemically summarized. From the viewpoint of interfering energy metabolism, the anti-cancer effects of dietary polyphenols are explained. AMPK pathway modulated by different dietary polyphenols affects pathways and target genes are summarized. Dietary polyphenols exert anti-cancer effect through the target molecules regulated by AMPK, which broadens the understanding of polyphenols anti-cancer mechanisms and provides value reference for the investigators of the novel field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuomin Hu
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Deeply Processing and Quality Control of Cereals and Oils, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Mengyuan Li
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Deeply Processing and Quality Control of Cereals and Oils, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Yunyun Cao
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Deeply Processing and Quality Control of Cereals and Oils, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Otobong Donald Akan
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Deeply Processing and Quality Control of Cereals and Oils, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Tianyi Guo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Deeply Processing and Quality Control of Cereals and Oils, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
| | - Feijun Luo
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Processed Food for Special Medical Purpose, Hunan Key Laboratory of Deeply Processing and Quality Control of Cereals and Oils, Hunan Key Laboratory of Forestry Edible Resources Safety and Processing, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, 410004, China
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24
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Iglesias-Aguirre CE, Cortés-Martín A, Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Giménez-Bastida JA, Selma MV, González-Sarrías A, Espín JC. Main drivers of (poly)phenol effects on human health: metabolite production and/or gut microbiota-associated metabotypes? Food Funct 2021; 12:10324-10355. [PMID: 34558584 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02033a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Despite the high human interindividual variability in response to (poly)phenol consumption, the cause-and-effect relationship between some dietary (poly)phenols (flavanols and olive oil phenolics) and health effects (endothelial function and prevention of LDL oxidation, respectively) has been well established. Most of the variables affecting this interindividual variability have been identified (food matrix, gut microbiota, single-nucleotide-polymorphisms, etc.). However, the final drivers for the health effects of (poly)phenol consumption have not been fully identified. At least partially, these drivers could be (i) the (poly)phenols ingested that exert their effect in the gastrointestinal tract, (ii) the bioavailable metabolites that exert their effects systemically and/or (iii) the gut microbial ecology associated with (poly)phenol metabolism (i.e., gut microbiota-associated metabotypes). However, statistical associations between health effects and the occurrence of circulating and/or excreted metabolites, as well as cross-sectional studies that correlate gut microbial ecologies and health, do not prove a causal role unequivocally. We provide a critical overview and perspective on the possible main drivers of the effects of (poly)phenols on human health and suggest possible actions to identify the putative actors responsible for the effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos E Iglesias-Aguirre
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Adrián Cortés-Martín
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - María Á Ávila-Gálvez
- CEDOC, NOVA Medical School, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal.,Instituto de Biologia Experimental e Tecnológica (IBET), Apartado 12, 2781-901, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Juan A Giménez-Bastida
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - María V Selma
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Antonio González-Sarrías
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Juan Carlos Espín
- Laboratory of Food & Health, Research Group on Quality, Safety and Bioactivity of Plant Foods, CEBAS-CSIC, 30100 Campus de Espinardo, Murcia, Spain.
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25
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Dietary Polyphenols: Promising Adjuvants for Colorectal Cancer Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184499. [PMID: 34572726 PMCID: PMC8465098 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite the development of novel surgical and therapeutic strategies, 50% of patients relapse after treatment. Therapy failure, due to low efficacy, adverse effects and drug resistance, is thus a major concern. The idea of combining standard therapy with non-toxic bioactive natural compounds is a recent topic in cancer research and aims to increase the efficacy of current antitumor therapies while reducing drug toxicity and adverse effects. In recent years, several studies have explored the capacity of polyphenols, dietary bioactive compounds enriched in fruit and vegetables, to act as adjuvants to improve colorectal cancer therapy. In the present review, we discuss these studies, highlighting the mechanisms underlying the adjuvant effect, and bring out the potential of this novel therapeutic approach as well as the critical issues related to clinical application. Abstract Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cancer type and a leading cause of death worldwide. Despite advances in therapeutic management, the current medical treatments are not sufficient to control metastatic disease. Treatment-related adverse effects and drug resistance strongly contribute to therapy failure and tumor recurrence. Combination therapy, involving cytotoxic treatments and non-toxic natural compounds, is arousing great interest as a promising more effective and safer alternative. Polyphenols, a heterogeneous group of bioactive dietary compounds mainly found in fruit and vegetables, have received great attention for their capacity to modulate various molecular pathways active in cancer cells and to affect host anticancer response. This review provides a summary of the most recent (i.e., since 2016) preclinical and clinical studies using polyphenols as adjuvants for CRC therapies. These studies highlight the beneficial effects of dietary polyphenols in combination with cytotoxic drugs or irradiation on both therapy outcome and drug resistance. Despite substantial preclinical evidence, data from a few pilot clinical trials are available to date with promising but still inconclusive results. Larger randomized controlled studies and polyphenol formulations with improved bioavailability are needed to translate the research progress into clinical applications and definitively prove the added value of these molecules in CRC management.
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26
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Li H, Jiang X, Shen X, Sun Y, Jiang N, Zeng J, Lin J, Yue L, Lai J, Li Y, Wu A, Wang L, Qin D, Huang F, Mei Q, Yang J, Wu J. TMEA, a Polyphenol in Sanguisorba officinalis, Promotes Thrombocytopoiesis by Upregulating PI3K/Akt Signaling. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:708331. [PMID: 34485295 PMCID: PMC8416095 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.708331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombocytopenia is closely linked with hemorrhagic diseases, for which induction of thrombopoiesis shows promise as an effective treatment. Polyphenols widely exist in plants and manifest antioxidation and antitumour activities. In this study, we investigated the thrombopoietic effect and mechanism of 3,3′,4′-trimethylellagic acid (TMEA, a polyphenol in Sanguisorba officinalis L.) using in silico prediction and experimental validation. A KEGG analysis indicated that PI3K/Akt signalling functioned as a crucial pathway. Furthermore, the virtual molecular docking results showed high-affinity binding (a docking score of 6.65) between TMEA and mTOR, suggesting that TMEA might target the mTOR protein to modulate signalling activity. After isolation of TMEA, in vitro and in vivo validation revealed that this compound could promote megakaryocyte differentiation/maturation and platelet formation. In addition, it enhanced the phosphorylation of PI3K, Akt, mTOR, and P70S6K and increased the expression of GATA-1 and NF-E2, which confirmed the mechanism prediction. In conclusion, our findings are the first to demonstrate that TMEA may provide a novel therapeutic strategy that relies on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway to facilitate megakaryocyte differentiation and platelet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Xueqin Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yueshan Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Zeng
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Liang Yue
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jia Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Anguo Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Long Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Dalian Qin
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Feihong Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qibing Mei
- The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jianming Wu
- School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,The Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Medical Key Laboratory for Drug Discovery and Druggability Evaluation of Sichuan Province, Luzhou Key Laboratory of Activity Screening and Druggability Evaluation for Chinese Materia Medica, Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Luzhou, China
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27
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Sadeghi S, Montazeri V, Zamora-Ros R, Biparva P, Sabour S, Pirouzpanah S. Food frequency questionnaire is a valid assessment tool of quercetin and kaempferol intake in Iranian breast cancer patients according to plasma biomarkers. Nutr Res 2021; 93:1-14. [PMID: 34311274 DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2021.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/19/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In epidemiological and clinical studies, the most common nutritional tool to assess dietary flavonol intake is the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), which needs to contain a detailed list of plant-based foods and be previously validated. Our study aimed to assess the accuracy of dietary flavonol (quercetin, kaempferol, and isorhamnetin) intake from a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) compared to fasting plasma flavonol concentrations, as biomarkers of exposure, in breast cancer patients. In a consecutive case series, newly diagnosed patients with breast cancer (n = 140) were recruited at Nour-Nejat Hospital, Tabriz, Iran. Flavonol intake was assessed using a validated FFQ. Plasma flavonol concentrations were measured using high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection. The accuracy of dietary status was evaluated using a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) and area under the ROC curve (AUC). Dietary status was shown in dichotomous using ROC-cutoff point. The plasma concentrations of quercetin were moderately correlated with dietary intake of quercetin (Spearman's correlation coefficient (rs) = 0.188, P < .05; rpartial= 0.330, P < .01) and plasma concentrations of isorhamnetin (rs = 0.337, P < .001). A linear correlation between dietary levels and plasma concentrations of kaempferol was attained (rpartial = 0.240, P < .05). Using a ROC-cutoff of 61.9 nmol/L for plasma quercetin (test reference), we were able to differentiate between lower and higher consumers of quercetin with an AUCROC-based reference =0.65 (P < .01, sensitivity = 61.8%, and specificity = 60.0%). Using a plasma kaempferol concentration of 60.1 nmol/L (ROC-cutoff), it was possible to detect significant differences between higher and lower intakes of kaempferol (AUCROC-based reference = 0.64, P < .05). The correlations and diagnostic performance with plasma concentrations could present a significant accuracy rate (validity), which seems acceptable for a nutritional questionnaire (FFQ) to assess intakes intake levels of quercetin and kaempferol. An improvement in the accuracy of the flavonol exposure can provide more precise relationship with health outcomes, which may increase their clinical significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Sadeghi
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Nanotechnology, Islamic Azad University, Langaroud Branch, Langaroud, Iran
| | - Vahid Montazeri
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences/ and also Surgery Ward, Nour-Nejat Hospital, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Programme, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Pourya Biparva
- Department of Nanotechnology, Islamic Azad University, Langaroud Branch, Langaroud, Iran
| | - Siamak Sabour
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Faculty of Health and Safety/ and also Safety Promotion and Injury Prevention Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 198353-5511, Iran
| | - Saeed Pirouzpanah
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; Department of Biochemistry and Dietetics, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
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28
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Hosseinzadeh E, Hassanzadeh A, Marofi F, Alivand MR, Solali S. Flavonoid-Based Cancer Therapy: An Updated Review. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2021; 20:1398-1414. [PMID: 32324520 DOI: 10.2174/1871520620666200423071759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2019] [Revised: 10/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
As cancers are one of the most important causes of human morbidity and mortality worldwide, researchers try to discover novel compounds and therapeutic approaches to decrease survival of cancer cells, angiogenesis, proliferation and metastasis. In the last decade, use of special phytochemical compounds and flavonoids was reported to be an interesting and hopeful tactic in the field of cancer therapy. Flavonoids are natural polyphenols found in plant, fruits, vegetables, teas and medicinal herbs. Based on reports, over 10,000 flavonoids have been detected and categorized into several subclasses, including flavonols, anthocyanins, flavanones, flavones, isoflavones and chalcones. It seems that the anticancer effect of flavonoids is mainly due to their antioxidant and anti inflammatory activities and their potential to modulate molecular targets and signaling pathways involved in cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, migration, angiogenesis and hormone activities. The main aim of this review is to evaluate the relationship between flavonoids consumption and cancer risk, and discuss the anti-cancer effects of these natural compounds in human cancer cells. Hence, we tried to collect and revise important recent in vivo and in vitro researches about the most effective flavonoids and their main mechanisms of action in various types of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Hosseinzadeh
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Ali Hassanzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Faroogh Marofi
- Department of Immunology, Division of Hematology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammad Reza Alivand
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Saeed Solali
- Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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29
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Simonato B, Tolve R, Rainero G, Rizzi C, Sega D, Rocchetti G, Lucini L, Giuberti G. Technological, nutritional, and sensory properties of durum wheat fresh pasta fortified with Moringa oleifera L. leaf powder. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2021; 101:1920-1925. [PMID: 32898294 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pasta is a staple food that is consumed worldwide and is an excellent product for the addition of ingredients rich in bioactive compounds. The fortification of pasta with such compounds could represent a healthy choice for consumers. RESULTS In this study, fresh pasta was formulated by replacing durum wheat semolina with 0, 5, 10, and 15 g 100 g-1 of dried Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MOLP), rich in fibers, minerals, and antioxidant compounds. Increasing levels of MOLP influenced the technological and nutritional properties of wheat-based fresh pasta. Moringa oleifera reduced the optimum cooking time, the swelling index and firmness, while increasing the cooking loss and adhesiveness. From a nutritional viewpoint, the inclusion of MOLP enhanced the phenol content, the antioxidant activity, and the mineral content of fresh pasta. The products obtained had good sensorial acceptability and can make several nutritional claims due to MOLP richness minerals. CONCLUSIONS The fortification of fresh pasta with MOLP could represent a valuable strategy to increase the nutritional value of the product, preserving pasta technological properties without affecting sensory acceptability. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Simonato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Roberta Tolve
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Giada Rainero
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Corrado Rizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Davide Sega
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Gabriele Rocchetti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Luigi Lucini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
| | - Gianluca Giuberti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy
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30
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Vazhappilly CG, Amararathna M, Cyril AC, Linger R, Matar R, Merheb M, Ramadan WS, Radhakrishnan R, Rupasinghe HPV. Current methodologies to refine bioavailability, delivery, and therapeutic efficacy of plant flavonoids in cancer treatment. J Nutr Biochem 2021; 94:108623. [PMID: 33705948 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2021.108623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, several advancements have been made to improve the therapeutic efficacy of plant flavonoids, especially in cancer treatment. Factors such as low bioavailability, poor flavonoid stability and solubility, ineffective targeted delivery, and chemo-resistance hinder the application of flavonoids in anti-cancer therapy. Many anti-cancer compounds failed in the clinical trials because of unexpected altered clearance of flavonoids, poor absorption after administration, low efficacy, and/or adverse effects. Hence, the current research strategies are focused on improving the therapeutic efficacy of plant flavonoids, especially by enhancing their bioavailability through combination therapy, engineering gut microbiota, regulating flavonoids interaction with adenosine triphosphate binding cassette efflux transporters, and efficient delivery using nanocrystal and encapsulation technologies. This review aims to discuss different methodologies with examples from reported dietary flavonoids that showed an enhanced anti-cancer efficacy in both in vitro and in vivo models. Further, the review discusses the recent progress in biochemical modifications of flavonoids to improve bioavailability, solubility, and therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Madumani Amararathna
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Asha Caroline Cyril
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - Rebecca Linger
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Administrative Sciences, University of Charleston, Charleston, West Virginia, USA
| | - Rachel Matar
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
| | - Maxime Merheb
- Department of Biotechnology, American University of Ras Al Khaimah, Ras Al Khaimah, UAE
| | - Wafaa S Ramadan
- Sharjah Institute for Medical Research, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE; College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, UAE
| | - Rajan Radhakrishnan
- College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, Dubai, UAE
| | - H P Vasantha Rupasinghe
- Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, Nova Scotia, Canada; Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
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Di Iorio A, Abate M, Bandinelli S, Barassi G, Cherubini A, Andres-Lacueva C, Zamora-Ros R, Paganelli R, Volpato S, Ferrucci L. Total urinary polyphenols and longitudinal changes of bone properties. The InCHIANTI study. Osteoporos Int 2021; 32:353-362. [PMID: 32793995 PMCID: PMC7838067 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-020-05585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The aim of this study was to evaluate the association of levels of urinary total polyphenols considered as a proxy measure of polyphenol intake, with longitudinal changes of bone properties, in the InCHIANTI study. Dietary intake of polyphenols appears to be associated with future accelerated deterioration of bone health. INTRODUCTION Polyphenols, micronutrients ingested through plant-based foods, have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and may contribute to osteoporosis prevention. We evaluated associations of high levels of urinary total polyphenols (UTP), a proxy measure of polyphenol intake, with longitudinal changes of bone properties in a representative cohort of free-living participants of the InCHIANTI study. METHODS The InCHIANTI study enrolled representative samples from the registry list of two towns in Tuscany, Italy. Baseline data were collected in 1998 and follow-up visits in 2001 and 2004. Of the 1453 participants enrolled, 956 consented to donate a 24-h urine sample used to assess UTP, had dietary assessment, a physical examination, and underwent a quantitative computerized tomography (pQCT) of the tibia. From pQCT images, we estimated markers of bone mass (BM), diaphyseal design (DD), and material quality (MQ). Mixed models were used to study the relationship between baseline tertiles of UTP with changes of the bone characteristics over the follow-up. RESULTS At baseline, higher levels of UTP were positively correlated with markers of BM, DD, and MQ. Compared with lower tertile of UTP, participants in the intermediate and highest tertiles had higher cortical bone area, cortical mineral content, and cortical thickness. However, participants in the intermediate and highest UTP tertiles experienced accelerated deterioration of these same parameters over the follow-up compared with those in the lowest UTP tertile. CONCLUSIONS Dietary intake of polyphenols estimated by UTP and dietary questionnaire was associated with long-term accelerated deterioration of bone health. Our study does not support the recommendation of increasing polyphenol intake for osteoporosis prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Di Iorio
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University Centre of Sports Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy.
| | - M Abate
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University Centre of Sports Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - S Bandinelli
- Geriatric Unit, Azienda Toscana Centro, Florence, Italy
| | - G Barassi
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University Centre of Sports Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
- Thermal Medicine Center of Castelnuovo della Daunia, Foggia, Italy
| | - A Cherubini
- Geriatrics and Geriatric Emergency Care, Italian National Research Center on Aging (IRCCS-INRCA), Ancona, Italy
| | - C Andres-Lacueva
- Biomarkers and Nutrimetabolomics Laboratory, Nutrition, Food Science and Gastronomy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Science, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - R Paganelli
- Department of Medicine and Science of Aging, University Centre of Sports Medicine, University "G. d'Annunzio", Chieti, Italy
| | - S Volpato
- Department of Medical Science, Section of Internal and Cardiorespiratory Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Ferrucci
- Longitudinal Studies Section, Translational Gerontology Branch, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health USA, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA
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Zamora-Ros R, Lujan-Barroso L, Achaintre D, Franceschi S, Kyrø C, Overvad K, Tjønneland A, Truong T, Lecuyer L, Boutron-Ruault MC, Katzke V, Johnson TS, Schulze MB, Trichopoulou A, Peppa E, La Vechia C, Masala G, Pala V, Panico S, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Skeie G, Quirós JR, Rodriguez-Barranco M, Amiano P, Chirlaque MD, Ardanaz E, Almquist M, Hennings J, Vermeulen R, Wareham NJ, Tong TYN, Aune D, Byrnes G, Weiderpass E, Scalbert A, Rinaldi S, Agudo A. Blood polyphenol concentrations and differentiated thyroid carcinoma in women from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Am J Clin Nutr 2021; 113:162-171. [PMID: 33021645 PMCID: PMC7779226 DOI: 10.1093/ajcn/nqaa277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polyphenols are natural compounds with anticarcinogenic properties in cellular and animal models, but epidemiological evidence determining the associations of these compounds with thyroid cancer (TC) is lacking. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate the relations between blood concentrations of 36 polyphenols and TC risk in EPIC (the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition). METHODS A nested case-control study was conducted on 273 female cases (210 papillary, 45 follicular, and 18 not otherwise specified TC tumors) and 512 strictly matched controls. Blood polyphenol concentrations were analyzed by HPLC coupled to tandem MS after enzymatic hydrolysis. RESULTS Using multivariable-adjusted conditional logistic regression models, caffeic acid (ORlog2: 0.55; 95% CI: 0.33, 0.93) and its dehydrogenated metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic acid (ORlog2: 0.84; 95% CI: 0.71, 0.99), were inversely associated with differentiated TC risk. Similar results were observed for papillary TC, but not for follicular TC. Ferulic acid was also inversely associated only with papillary TC (ORlog2: 0.68; 95% CI: 0.51, 0.91). However, none of these relations was significant after Bonferroni correction for multiple testing. No association was observed for any of the remaining polyphenols with total differentiated, papillary, or follicular TC. CONCLUSIONS Blood polyphenol concentrations were mostly not associated with differentiated TC risk in women, although our study raises the possibility that high blood concentrations of caffeic, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionic, and ferulic acids may be related to a lower papillary TC risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leila Lujan-Barroso
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Achaintre
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Silvia Franceschi
- Oncology Referral Center (CRO), Aviano National Cancer Institute, Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Aviano, Italy
| | - Cecilie Kyrø
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kim Overvad
- Department of Public Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anne Tjønneland
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Therese Truong
- Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University (UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Lucie Lecuyer
- Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University (UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines University (UVSQ), Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), Villejuif, France
- Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theron S Johnson
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias B Schulze
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
- Institute of Nutritional Sciences, University of Potsdam, Nuthetal, Germany
| | | | | | - Carlo La Vechia
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Lifestyle Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network—ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Valeria Pala
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Panico
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Registry and Histopathology Department, “Civic—MP Arezzo” Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Ragusa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco, Turin, Italy
| | - Guri Skeie
- Department of Community Medicine, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | | | - Miguel Rodriguez-Barranco
- Andalusian School of Public Health, Granada, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Granada, Spain
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, University of Granada, Granada, Spain
| | - Pilar Amiano
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Public Health Division of Gipuzkoa, BioDonostia Research Institute, Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - María-Dolores Chirlaque
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Department of Epidemiology, Murcia Regional Health Council, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB)-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Eva Ardanaz
- CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Navarra Public Health Institute, Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), Pamplona, Spain
| | - Martin Almquist
- Department of Surgery, Endocrine-Sarcoma Unit, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - Joakim Hennings
- Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Roel Vermeulen
- Institute of Risk Assessment Sciences, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
- Department of Public Health, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Nicholas J Wareham
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Tammy Y N Tong
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Dagfinn Aune
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Nutrition, Bjørknes University College, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Endocrinology, Morbid Obesity and Preventive Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Graham Byrnes
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | | | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Sabina Rinaldi
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Barcelona, Spain
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Tolve R, Simonato B, Rainero G, Bianchi F, Rizzi C, Cervini M, Giuberti G. Wheat Bread Fortification by Grape Pomace Powder: Nutritional, Technological, Antioxidant, and Sensory Properties. Foods 2021; 10:foods10010075. [PMID: 33401782 PMCID: PMC7823311 DOI: 10.3390/foods10010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 12/22/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Grape pomace powder (GPP), a by-product from the winemaking process, was used to substitute flour for wheat bread fortification within 0, 5, and 10 g/100 g. Rheological properties of control and fortified doughs, along with physicochemical and nutritional characteristics, antioxidant activity, and the sensory analysis of the obtained bread were considered. The GPP addition influenced the doughs' rheological properties by generating more tenacious and less extensible products. Concerning bread, pH values and volume of fortified products decreased as the GPP inclusion level increased in the recipe. Total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant capacity of bread samples, evaluated by FRAP (ferric reducing ability of plasma) and ABTS (2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) assays, increased with GPP addition. Moreover, the GPP inclusion level raised the total dietary fiber content of bread. Regarding sensory evaluation, GPP fortification had a major impact on the acidity, the global flavor, the astringency, and the wine smell of bread samples without affecting the overall bread acceptability. The current results suggest that GPP could be an attractive ingredient used to obtain fortified bread, as it is a source of fiber and polyphenols with potentially positive effects on human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Tolve
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.T.); (G.R.); (F.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Barbara Simonato
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.T.); (G.R.); (F.B.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Giada Rainero
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.T.); (G.R.); (F.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Federico Bianchi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.T.); (G.R.); (F.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Corrado Rizzi
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy; (R.T.); (G.R.); (F.B.); (C.R.)
| | - Mariasole Cervini
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.C.); (G.G.)
| | - Gianluca Giuberti
- Department for Sustainable Food Process, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122 Piacenza, Italy; (M.C.); (G.G.)
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Dridi W, Bordenave N. Pine Bark Phenolic Extracts, Current Uses, and Potential Food Applications: A Review. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:1866-1879. [PMID: 32048960 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200212113903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To summarize the main findings from research on food uses of Pine Bark Phenolic Extracts (PBPE), their origin, methods of extraction, composition, health effects, and incorporation into food products. METHODS A narrative review of all the relevant papers known to the authors was conducted. RESULTS PBPE are mainly extracted from the bark Pinus pinaster. They are generally rich in procyanidins and their effects on health in the form of nutritional supplements include effect on some forms of cancer, on diabetes, on eye and skin health. Their method of extraction influences greatly their composition and yield, and commercially suitable methods are still to be developed. Incorporation into food products raises challenges related to bioavailability and subsequent bioactivity and sensory properties of the final products. CONCLUSION PBPE represent an opportunity for the development of functional foods with phenolic-rich bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafa Dridi
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Nicolas Bordenave
- School of Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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35
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Ruta LL, Farcasanu IC. Interaction between Polyphenolic Antioxidants and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cells Defective in Heavy Metal Transport across the Plasma Membrane. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10111512. [PMID: 33158278 PMCID: PMC7694260 DOI: 10.3390/biom10111512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural polyphenols are compounds with important biological implications which include antioxidant and metal-chelating characteristics relevant for their antimicrobial, antitumor, or antiaging potential. The mechanisms linking polyphenols and heavy metals in their concerted actions on cells are not completely elucidated. In this study, we used the model eukaryotic microorganism Saccharomyces cerevisiae to detect the action of widely prevalent natural polyphenols on yeast cells defective in the main components involved in essential heavy metal transport across the plasma membrane. We found that caffeic and gallic acids interfered with Zn accumulation, causing delays in cell growth that were alleviated by Zn supplementation. The flavones morin and quercetin interfered with both Mn and Zn accumulation, which resulted in growth improvement, but supplemental Mn and especially Zn turned the initially benefic action of morin and quercetin into potential toxicity. Our results imply that caution is needed when administering food supplements or nutraceuticals which contain both natural polyphenols and essential elements, especially zinc.
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36
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Laudisio D, Castellucci B, Barrea L, Pugliese G, Savastano S, Colao A, Muscogiuri G. Mediterranean diet and breast cancer risk: a narrative review. Minerva Endocrinol (Torino) 2020; 46:441-452. [PMID: 32969630 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-6507.20.03266-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the second most frequent type of cancer worldwide and the most commonly occurring malignancy in women, and its incidence is increasing in most developed and developing countries. There is growing evidence that lifestyle factors, in particular diet may be associated with higher breast cancer risk. Some evidence exists regarding the benefit of Mediterranean diet on reduced risk of breast cancer in premenopausal and postmenopausal women. The protective effect of the Mediterranean diet against the risk of breast cancer, is primarily due to principal foods of this nutritional pattern. The principal components of the Mediterranean diet, such as fruits and vegetables, olive oil, fish and red wine have important antioxidants properties due to their high content of substances like polyphenols, flavonoids, carotenoids and fibers, along with a favorable fatty acid profile, that in turn could reduce the risk of breast cancer. Considering the severity of breast cancer and the increasing incidence in the world, there is an increasing interest in promoting prevention strategies in order to reduce the incidence. The aim of this paper is to provide a general overview of the current evidence on the relationship between breast cancer and Mediterranean diet, in premenopausal and postmenopausal women, and to emphasize the potential role of Mediterranean Diet as an effective tool in primary prevention. The possible molecular mechanisms underlying this association will be also pointed out.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Laudisio
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy - .,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Federico II University, Naples, Italy -
| | - Bianca Castellucci
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pugliese
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University, Naples, Italy.,Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Centro Italiano per la cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), Federico II University, Naples, Italy
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Kontogianni MD, Vijayakumar A, Rooney C, Noad RL, Appleton KM, McCarthy D, Donnelly M, Young IS, McKinley MC, McKeown PP, Woodside JV. A High Polyphenol Diet Improves Psychological Well-Being: The Polyphenol Intervention Trial (PPhIT). Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12082445. [PMID: 32823886 PMCID: PMC7469043 DOI: 10.3390/nu12082445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental ill health is currently one of the leading causes of disease burden worldwide. A growing body of data has emerged supporting the role of diet, especially polyphenols, which have anxiolytic and antidepressant-like properties. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a high polyphenol diet (HPD) compared to a low polyphenol diet (LPD) on aspects of psychological well-being in the Polyphenol Intervention Trial (PPhIT). Ninety-nine mildly hypertensive participants aged 40-65 years were enrolled in a four-week LPD washout period and then randomised to either an LPD or an HPD for eight weeks. Both at baseline and the end of intervention, participants' lifestyle and psychological well-being were assessed. The participants in the HPD group reported a decrease in depressive symptoms, as assessed by the Beck Depression Inventory-II, and an improvement in physical component and mental health component scores as assessed with 36-Item Short Form Survey. No differences in anxiety, stress, self-esteem or body image perception were observed. In summary, the study findings suggest that the adoption of a polyphenol-rich diet could potentially lead to beneficial effects including a reduction in depressive symptoms and improvements in general mental health status and physical health in hypertensive participants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meropi D. Kontogianni
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, Eleftheriou Venizelou 70, 17671 Kallithea, Greece;
| | - Aswathy Vijayakumar
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (A.V.); (C.R.); (R.L.N.); (M.D.); (I.S.Y.); (M.C.M.); (P.P.M.)
| | - Ciara Rooney
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (A.V.); (C.R.); (R.L.N.); (M.D.); (I.S.Y.); (M.C.M.); (P.P.M.)
| | - Rebecca L. Noad
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (A.V.); (C.R.); (R.L.N.); (M.D.); (I.S.Y.); (M.C.M.); (P.P.M.)
- Cardiology Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | | | - Danielle McCarthy
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK;
| | - Michael Donnelly
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (A.V.); (C.R.); (R.L.N.); (M.D.); (I.S.Y.); (M.C.M.); (P.P.M.)
| | - Ian S. Young
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (A.V.); (C.R.); (R.L.N.); (M.D.); (I.S.Y.); (M.C.M.); (P.P.M.)
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK;
| | - Michelle C. McKinley
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (A.V.); (C.R.); (R.L.N.); (M.D.); (I.S.Y.); (M.C.M.); (P.P.M.)
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK;
| | - Pascal P. McKeown
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (A.V.); (C.R.); (R.L.N.); (M.D.); (I.S.Y.); (M.C.M.); (P.P.M.)
- Cardiology Department, Belfast Health and Social Care Trust, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK
| | - Jayne V. Woodside
- Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BA, UK; (A.V.); (C.R.); (R.L.N.); (M.D.); (I.S.Y.); (M.C.M.); (P.P.M.)
- Institute for Global Food Security, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast BT9 5DL, UK;
- Correspondence:
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Ávila-Gálvez MÁ, Giménez-Bastida JA, Espín JC, González-Sarrías A. Dietary Phenolics against Breast Cancer. A Critical Evidence-Based Review and Future Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21165718. [PMID: 32784973 PMCID: PMC7461055 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignancy and the leading cause of cancer-related death in adult women worldwide. Over 85% of BC cases are non-hereditary, caused by modifiable extrinsic factors related to lifestyle, including dietary habits, which play a crucial role in cancer prevention. Although many epidemiological and observational studies have inversely correlated the fruit and vegetable consumption with the BC incidence, the involvement of their phenolic content in this correlation remains contradictory. During decades, wrong approaches that did not consider the bioavailability, metabolism, and breast tissue distribution of dietary phenolics persist behind the large currently existing gap between preclinical and clinical research. In the present review, we provide comprehensive preclinical and clinical evidence according to physiologically relevant in vitro and in vivo studies. Some dietary phenolics such as resveratrol (RSV), quercetin, isoflavones, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), lignans, and curcumin are gaining attention for their chemopreventive properties in preclinical research. However, the clinical evidence of dietary phenolics as BC chemopreventive compounds is still inconclusive. Therefore, the only way to validate promising preclinical results is to conduct clinical trials in BC patients. In this regard, future perspectives on dietary phenolics and BC research are also critically discussed.
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Polyphenols and taste 2 receptors. Physiological, pathophysiological and pharmacological implications. Biochem Pharmacol 2020; 178:114086. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2020.114086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Zeng C, Luo S, Feng S, Chen T, Zhou L, Yuan M, Huang Y, Liao J, Ding C. Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant and Anticancer Potentials of Extracts from Rosa banksiae Ait. Flowers. Molecules 2020; 25:E3068. [PMID: 32640514 PMCID: PMC7411795 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25133068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Rosa banksiae Ait. (R. banksiae) is a traditional Chinese folk medicine and an ornamental plant. Most previous studies have focused on cultivation and utilization while there are few research papers on the pharmacological activity of R. banksiae. This study aimed to get a better understanding of R. banksiae by extracting polyphenols with fractionated extraction technology. The results showed that ethyl acetate phase (EAP) contained the most polyphenols, while water phase (WP) had the least. HPLC analysis indicated that rutin and luteolin-4'-O-glucoside existed in the EAP and butanol phase (BP), but quercetin was only detected in the EAP. Six phenolic compositions were not detected in WB. The antioxidant and anti-tumor abilities of the EAP and BP were excellent. The results revealed that R. banksiae possessed a great antioxidant capacity and was rich in polyphenols, thus indicating R. banksiae was suitable for being a natural antioxidant and an abundant source of polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Chunbang Ding
- College of Life Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China; (C.Z.); (S.L.); (S.F.); (T.C.); (L.Z.); (M.Y.); (Y.H.); (J.L.)
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Garro-Aguilar Y, Cayssials V, Achaintre D, Boeing H, Mancini FR, Mahamat-Saleh Y, Boutron-Ruault MC, Kühn T, Katzke V, Trichopoulou A, Karakatsani A, Thriskos P, Masala G, Grioni S, Santucci de Magistris M, Tumino R, Ricceri F, Huybrechts I, Agudo A, Scalbert A, Zamora-Ros R. Correlations between urinary concentrations and dietary intakes of flavonols in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. Eur J Nutr 2020; 59:1481-1492. [PMID: 31119398 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-019-02005-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In this study, we aimed to study the correlation between acute and habitual intakes of flavonols, their main food sources and their 24-h urinary concentrations in an European population. METHODS A 24-h dietary recall (24-HDR) and 24-h urine samples were collected on the same day from a convenience subsample of 475 men and women from four countries (France, Italy, Greece and Germany) of the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study. A standardized 24-HDR software and a country/centre-specific validated dietary questionnaire (DQ) were used to collect acute and habitual dietary data, respectively. The intake of dietary flavonols was estimated using the Phenol-Explorer database. Urinary flavonols (quercetin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol) were analysed using tandem mass spectrometry with a previous enzymatic hydrolysis. RESULTS Weak partial Spearman correlations between both dietary acute and habitual intake and urinary concentrations of quercetin (both Rpartial ~ 0.3) and total flavonols (both Rpartial ~ 0.2) were observed. No significant correlations were found for kaempferol and isorhamentin. Regarding flavonol-rich foods, weak correlations were found between urinary concentrations of quercetin and total flavonols and the acute intake of onions and garlics, fruits, tea, and herbal tea (all Rpartial ~ 0.2). For habitual intake, statistically significant correlations were only found between urinary quercetin concentration and herbal tea (Rpartial = 0.345) and between urinary total flavonol concentration and tea, and herbal tea consumption (Rpartial ~ 0.2). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that urinary quercetin level can be used as potential concentration biomarkers of both acute and habitual quercetin intake, while urinary concentrations of flavonols are unlikely to be useful biomarkers of individual flavonol-rich foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaiza Garro-Aguilar
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av Gran Via 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Valerie Cayssials
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av Gran Via 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - David Achaintre
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Heiner Boeing
- Department of Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - Francesca Romana Mancini
- CESP, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Yahya Mahamat-Saleh
- CESP, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault
- CESP, Fac. de médecine-Univ. Paris-Sud, Fac. de médecine-UVSQ, INSERM, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France
- Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - Tilman Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Verena Katzke
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Anna Karakatsani
- Hellenic Health Foundation, Athens, Greece
- 2nd Pulmonary Medicine Department, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, "ATTIKON" University Hospital, Haidari, Greece
| | | | - Giovanna Masala
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network-ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Sara Grioni
- Epidemiology and Prevention Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | | | - Rosario Tumino
- Cancer Regsitry and Histopathology Department, "M.P Arezzzo" Hospital, ASP Ragusa, Italy
| | - Fulvio Ricceri
- Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
- Unit of Epidemiology, Regional Health Service ASL TO3, Grugliasco, TO, Italy
| | - Inge Huybrechts
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Antonio Agudo
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av Gran Via 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Augustin Scalbert
- International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Raul Zamora-Ros
- Unit of Nutrition and Cancer, Cancer Epidemiology Research Program, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO), Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute (IDIBELL), Av Gran Via 199-203, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, 08908, Barcelona, Spain.
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Effect of Grape Pomace Addition on the Technological, Sensory, and Nutritional Properties of Durum Wheat Pasta. Foods 2020; 9:foods9030354. [PMID: 32204341 PMCID: PMC7142464 DOI: 10.3390/foods9030354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, fortified pasta was prepared by replacing semolina with 0, 5, and 10 g/100 g of grape pomace (GP), a food industry by-product, rich in fiber and phenols. GP inclusion in pasta significantly reduced its optimum cooking time and the swelling index, while also increasing the cooking loss (p < 0.05). Furthermore, pasta firmness and adhesiveness were enhanced by the GP addition, as well as the total phenol content and the antioxidant activity, evaluated through ABTS and FRAP assays (p < 0.05). From a nutritional point of view, increasing amounts of GP resulted in a significative decrease in the rapidly digestible starch and an increase in the slowly digestible starch, while the predicted in vitro glycemic index was also reduced (p < 0.05). Sensory analysis showed that fortified spaghetti had good overall acceptability, and the results suggest that GP-fortified pasta could represent a healthy product with good technological and sensory properties.
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Filippini T, Malavolti M, Borrelli F, Izzo AA, Fairweather-Tait SJ, Horneber M, Vinceti M. Green tea (Camellia sinensis) for the prevention of cancer. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 3:CD005004. [PMID: 32118296 PMCID: PMC7059963 DOI: 10.1002/14651858.cd005004.pub3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This review is an update of a previously published review in the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (2009, Issue 3).Tea is one of the most commonly consumed beverages worldwide. Teas from the plant Camellia sinensis can be grouped into green, black and oolong tea, and drinking habits vary cross-culturally. C sinensis contains polyphenols, one subgroup being catechins. Catechins are powerful antioxidants, and laboratory studies have suggested that these compounds may inhibit cancer cell proliferation. Some experimental and nonexperimental epidemiological studies have suggested that green tea may have cancer-preventative effects. OBJECTIVES To assess possible associations between green tea consumption and the risk of cancer incidence and mortality as primary outcomes, and safety data and quality of life as secondary outcomes. SEARCH METHODS We searched eligible studies up to January 2019 in CENTRAL, MEDLINE, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov, and reference lists of previous reviews and included studies. SELECTION CRITERIA We included all epidemiological studies, experimental (i.e. randomised controlled trials (RCTs)) and nonexperimental (non-randomised studies, i.e. observational studies with both cohort and case-control design) that investigated the association of green tea consumption with cancer risk or quality of life, or both. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS Two or more review authors independently applied the study criteria, extracted data and assessed methodological quality of studies. We summarised the results according to diagnosis of cancer type. MAIN RESULTS In this review update, we included in total 142 completed studies (11 experimental and 131 nonexperimental) and two ongoing studies. This is an additional 10 experimental and 85 nonexperimental studies from those included in the previous version of the review. Eleven experimental studies allocated a total of 1795 participants to either green tea extract or placebo, all demonstrating an overall high methodological quality based on 'Risk of bias' assessment. For incident prostate cancer, the summary risk ratio (RR) in the green tea-supplemented participants was 0.50 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.18 to 1.36), based on three studies and involving 201 participants (low-certainty evidence). The summary RR for gynaecological cancer was 1.50 (95% CI 0.41 to 5.48; 2 studies, 1157 participants; low-certainty evidence). No evidence of effect of non-melanoma skin cancer emerged (summary RR 1.00, 95% CI 0.06 to 15.92; 1 study, 1075 participants; low-certainty evidence). In addition, adverse effects of green tea extract intake were reported, including gastrointestinal disorders, elevation of liver enzymes, and, more rarely, insomnia, raised blood pressure and skin/subcutaneous reactions. Consumption of green tea extracts induced a slight improvement in quality of life, compared with placebo, based on three experimental studies. In nonexperimental studies, we included over 1,100,000 participants from 46 cohort studies and 85 case-control studies, which were on average of intermediate to high methodological quality based on Newcastle-Ottawa Scale 'Risk of bias' assessment. When comparing the highest intake of green tea with the lowest, we found a lower overall cancer incidence (summary RR 0.83, 95% CI 0.65 to 1.07), based on three studies, involving 52,479 participants (low-certainty evidence). Conversely, we found no association between green tea consumption and cancer-related mortality (summary RR 0.99, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.07), based on eight studies and 504,366 participants (low-certainty evidence). For most of the site-specific cancers we observed a decreased RR in the highest category of green tea consumption compared with the lowest one. After stratifying the analysis according to study design, we found strongly conflicting results for some cancer sites: oesophageal, prostate and urinary tract cancer, and leukaemia showed an increased RR in cohort studies and a decreased RR or no difference in case-control studies. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS Overall, findings from experimental and nonexperimental epidemiological studies yielded inconsistent results, thus providing limited evidence for the beneficial effect of green tea consumption on the overall risk of cancer or on specific cancer sites. Some evidence of a beneficial effect of green tea at some cancer sites emerged from the RCTs and from case-control studies, but their methodological limitations, such as the low number and size of the studies, and the inconsistencies with the results of cohort studies, limit the interpretability of the RR estimates. The studies also indicated the occurrence of several side effects associated with high intakes of green tea. In addition, the majority of included studies were carried out in Asian populations characterised by a high intake of green tea, thus limiting the generalisability of the findings to other populations. Well conducted and adequately powered RCTs would be needed to draw conclusions on the possible beneficial effects of green tea consumption on cancer risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tommaso Filippini
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Research Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via Campi 287, Modena, Italy, 41125
| | - Marcella Malavolti
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Research Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via Campi 287, Modena, Italy, 41125
| | - Francesca Borrelli
- University of Naples 'Federico II', Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, Via D Montesano 49, Naples, Italy, 80131
| | - Angelo A Izzo
- University of Naples 'Federico II', Department of Pharmacy, School of Medicine and Surgery, Via D Montesano 49, Naples, Italy, 80131
| | | | - Markus Horneber
- Paracelsus Medical University, Klinikum Nuremberg, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Prof.-Ernst-Nathan-Str. 1, Nuremberg, Germany, D-90419
| | - Marco Vinceti
- University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Research Center in Environmental, Nutritional and Genetic Epidemiology (CREAGEN), Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, Via Campi 287, Modena, Italy, 41125
- Boston University School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, 715 Albany Street, Boston, USA, MA 02118
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Wiciński M, Gębalski J, Mazurek E, Podhorecka M, Śniegocki M, Szychta P, Sawicka E, Malinowski B. The Influence of Polyphenol Compounds on Human Gastrointestinal Tract Microbiota. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12020350. [PMID: 32013109 PMCID: PMC7071305 DOI: 10.3390/nu12020350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2019] [Revised: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyphenols form a diverse group of compounds containing at least two hydroxyl groups in their chemical structure. Because of the common presence in plant kingdom, polyphenols are considered a significant component of food and an important group of compounds with antioxidant properties. The absorption of polyphenols present in food depends mostly on the activity of intestinal microflora. However, little is known about the processes and interactions responsible for such phenomenon in guts ecosystem. There are only few available publications that examine the effect on polyphenols on intestinal microbiota. Therefore, this work will focus on describing the relationship between polyphenol compounds present in food and bacteria colonizing the intestines, their mechanism, and impact on human’s health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Wiciński
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Jakub Gębalski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewelina Mazurek
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Marta Podhorecka
- Department of Geriatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Maciej Śniegocki
- Department of Neurosurgery, Neurotraumatology and Paediatric Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Paweł Szychta
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Ewelina Sawicka
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
| | - Bartosz Malinowski
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85–090 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (E.W.); (E.M.); (E.S.); (B.M.)
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Luis PB, Kunihiro AG, Funk JL, Schneider C. Incomplete Hydrolysis of Curcumin Conjugates by β-Glucuronidase: Detection of Complex Conjugates in Plasma. Mol Nutr Food Res 2020; 64:e1901037. [PMID: 31962379 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201901037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The diphenol curcumin from turmeric is rapidly metabolized into phase II conjugates following oral administration, resulting in negligible plasma concentration of the free compound, which is considered the bioactive form. Total plasma concentration of curcumin is often quantified after treatment with β-glucuronidase to hydrolyze curcumin-glucuronide, the most abundant conjugate in vivo. The efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis has not been tested. METHODS AND RESULTS Using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) analyses the efficiency of β-glucuronidase and sulfatase from Helix pomatia is compared to hydrolyze curcumin conjugates in human and mouse plasma after oral administration of turmeric. Both β-glucuronidase and sulfatase completely hydrolyze curcumin-glucuronide. Unexpectedly, β-glucuronidase hydrolysis is incomplete, affording a large amount of curcumin-sulfate, whereas sulfatase hydrolyzed both glucuronide and sulfate conjugates. With sulfatase, the concentration of free curcumin is doubled in human and increased in mouse plasma compared to β-glucuronidase treatment. Incomplete hydrolysis by β-glucuronidase suggests the presence of mixed glucuronide-sulfate conjugates. LC-MS based searches detect diglucuronide, disulfate, and mixed sulfate-glucuronide and sulfate-diglucuronide conjugates in plasma that likely contribute to the increase of free curcumin upon sulfatase treatment. CONCLUSION β-Glucuronidase incompletely hydrolyzes complex sulfate-containing conjugates that appear to be major metabolites, resulting in an underestimation of the total plasma concentration of curcumin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula B Luis
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
| | - Andrew G Kunihiro
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Janet L Funk
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
- Department of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA
| | - Claus Schneider
- Department of Pharmacology, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, and Vanderbilt Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt University Medical School, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA
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Romanos-Nanclares A, Sánchez-Quesada C, Gardeazábal I, Martínez-González MÁ, Gea A, Toledo E. Phenolic Acid Subclasses, Individual Compounds, and Breast Cancer Risk in a Mediterranean Cohort: The SUN Project. J Acad Nutr Diet 2020; 120:1002-1015.e5. [PMID: 31982373 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological and epidemiological evidence supports an inverse association of phenolic acids with obesity-related chronic diseases. However, no previous study has prospectively evaluated the relationship between subclasses and individual compounds of phenolic acids and the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer, one of the most important and prevalent obesity-related cancer sites. OBJECTIVE This study examined associations between subclasses of phenolic acids, including hydroxycinnamic and hydroxybenzoic acids intake, and risk of breast cancer. DESIGN The Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) Project is a dynamic, permanently open prospective cohort which started in 1999. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING Participants were 10,812 middle-aged women. All of them were university graduates. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Usual diet was assessed at baseline and after 10 years of follow-up with a 136-item food frequency questionnaire. Phenolic acid intake was calculated by matching food consumption with the Phenol-Explorer database on phenolic acids content of each reported food item. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED Participants were classified according to tertiles of subclasses or individual compounds of phenolic acids. Cox regression models were fitted to estimate multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs for breast cancer incidence. RESULTS Over an average of 11.8 years of follow-up, 101 incident cases of breast cancer were confirmed. After multivariable adjustment, an inverse association between hydroxycinnamic acids intake and breast cancer was observed (hazard ratio third tertile vs first tertile 0.37, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.85; P for trend=0.029) among postmenopausal women. Specifically, chlorogenic acids (3-, 4-, and 5- caffeoylquinic acids) showed the strongest inverse association (hazard ratio third tertile vs first tertile 0.33, 95% CI 0.14 to 0.78; P for trend=0.012). CONCLUSIONS A higher intake of hydroxycinnamic acids, especially from chlorogenic acids-present in coffee, fruits, and vegetables-was associated with a lower incidence of breast cancer among postmenopausal women. Future observational studies are needed to corroborate these results.
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Artichoke Polyphenols Sensitize Human Breast Cancer Cells to Chemotherapeutic Drugs via a ROS-Mediated Downregulation of Flap Endonuclease 1. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:7965435. [PMID: 31998443 PMCID: PMC6969650 DOI: 10.1155/2020/7965435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Combined treatment of several natural polyphenols and chemotherapeutic agents is more effective comparing to the drug alone in inhibiting cancer cell growth. Polyphenolic artichoke extracts (AEs) have been shown to have anticancer properties by triggering apoptosis or reactive oxygen species- (ROS-) mediated senescence when used at high or low doses, respectively. Our aim was to explore the chemosensitizing potential of AEs in order to enhance the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy in breast cancer cells. We employed breast cancer cell lines to assess the potential synergistic effect of a combined treatment of AEs/paclitaxel (PTX) or AEs/adriamycin (ADR) and to determine the underlying mechanisms correlated to this potential therapeutic approach. Our data shows that AEs/PTX reduced cell proliferation by increasing DNA damage response (DDR) mediated by Flap endonuclease 1 (FEN1) downregulation that results into enhanced breast cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. We demonstrated that ROS/Nrf2 and p-ERK pathways are two molecular mechanisms involved in the synergistic effect of AEs plus PTX treatment. To highlight the role of ROS herein, we report that the addition of antioxidant N-acetylcysteine (NAC) significantly decreased the antiproliferative effect of the combined treatment. A combined therapy could be able to reduce the dose of chemotherapeutic drugs, minimizing toxicity and side effects. Our results suggest the use of artichoke polyphenols as ROS-mediated sensitizers of chemotherapy paving the way for innovative and promising natural compound-based therapeutic strategies in oncology.
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Zhong S, Jin Q, Yu T, Zhu J, Li Y. Phellinus gilvus‑derived protocatechualdehyde induces G0/G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in murine B16‑F10 cells. Mol Med Rep 2019; 21:1107-1114. [PMID: 31894337 PMCID: PMC7002996 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2019.10896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Protocatechualdehyde (PCA) is considered to be the main phenolic component of Phellinus gilvus responsible for its anticancer properties. Previous studies have demonstrated that PCA can have an anticancer effect on multiple cancer types, but little is known about the effect of PCA on melanoma cells. The present study investigated the inhibitory abilities and potential anticancer mechanisms of PCA on B16-F10 cells using MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were assessed by flow cytometry using Annexin V-FITC and propidium iodide staining. Whole-transcriptome analysis was used to investigate the effects of PCA on gene expression. PCA significantly decreased cell viability, induced cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and promoted apoptosis of B16-F10 cells, suggesting that PCA could have anticancer effects against melanoma cells. Whole-transcriptome analysis indicated that PCA treatment upregulated genes involved in histone modification and decreased the transcription of genes involved in DNA repair and replication. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analysis showed that PCA treatment enhanced the complement and coagulation cascades, and the p53 signaling pathway. The present results indicated that PCA could act as an antitumor agent in melanoma cells, which may provide experimental support for the development of novel therapies to treat melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Zhong
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, P.R. China
| | - Qinshen Jin
- Nanxun District Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Huzhou, Zhejiang 313009, P.R. China
| | - Taihen Yu
- Department of Radiology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310014, P.R. China
| | - Jianxun Zhu
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, P.R. China
| | - Yougui Li
- Sericultural Research Institute, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310021, P.R. China
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Gutiérrez-Venegas G, Sánchez-Carballido MA, Delmas Suárez C, Gómez-Mora JA, Bonneau N. Effects of flavonoids on tongue squamous cell carcinoma. Cell Biol Int 2019; 44:686-720. [PMID: 31758641 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.11266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tongue is associated with tobacco use, alcohol abuse, and human papillomavirus (HPV) infections. While clinical outcomes have recently improved for HPV-positive patients in general, 50% of patients suffering from tongue cancer die within 5 years of being diagnosed. Flavonoids are secondary plant metabolites with a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer activities. Flavonoids have generated high interest as therapeutic agents owing to their low toxicity and their effects on a large variety of cancer cell types. In this literature review, we evaluate the actions of flavonoids on SCC of the tongue demonstrated in both in vivo and in vitro models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gloria Gutiérrez-Venegas
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de la División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México, México
| | - Manuel Alejandro Sánchez-Carballido
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de la División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México, México
| | - Claire Delmas Suárez
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de la División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México, México
| | - Juan Arturo Gómez-Mora
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de la División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México, México
| | - Noémie Bonneau
- Laboratorio de Bioquímica de la División de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación de la Facultad de Odontología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 04510, México, México
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Bisol Â, de Campos PS, Lamers ML. Flavonoids as anticancer therapies: A systematic review of clinical trials. Phytother Res 2019; 34:568-582. [PMID: 31752046 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.6551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 09/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoids have been proposed as potential chemotherapeutic agents because they are toxic against cancer cells but not harmful to healthy cells. This systematic review analyzed flavonoid effectiveness in human cancer chemotherapy. Overall, 22 phase II and 1 phase III clinical trials (PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science) that used flavonoids as a single agent or combined with other therapeutics against hematopoietic/lymphoid or solid cancer published by January 2019 were selected for analysis. Flavopiridol was the most commonly used flavonoid (at a dose of 50-mg/m2 IV) for all tumor types. Aside from the relatively low rate of complete response (CR) or partial response (PR) with any administration protocol, flavonoids showed higher positive outcomes for hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues (140 patients with CR and 88 with PR among 615 patients in 11 trials) than for solid tumors (4 patients with CR and 21 with PR among 525 patients in 12 trials). However, because of the high variety in administration schedule, more studies are needed to further understand how flavonoids can promote positive outcomes for cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Bisol
- Basic Research Center in Dentistry, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Paloma Santos de Campos
- Basic Research Center in Dentistry, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Lazzaron Lamers
- Basic Research Center in Dentistry, Dentistry School, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Morphological Sciences, Institute of Basic Health Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
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