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Wang T, Yao W, Liu X, Bao Z, Lv C, Huang F. Dietary embelin supplementation during mid-to-late gestation improves performance and maternal-fetal glucose metabolism of pigs. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skad010. [PMID: 36617266 PMCID: PMC10079812 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skad010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate the effects of dietary embelin supplementation during late gestation (from days 60 to 110) on performance and maternal-fetal glucose metabolism of pigs. Sixty sows (Duroc × Yorkshire × Landrace; parity = 1.68 ± 0.03; N = 20) were randomly divided into three gestation (day 60 of pregnancy) treatments, Control pigs (CON) were fed a basal diet, and the other animals were fed a basal diet supplemented with 200 or 600 mg/kg embelin per kg of feed. The body weight, backfat thickness and litter size of the sows, and birth weight and mortality of piglets were recorded. Sows' blood and piglets' umbilical cord blood were collected for the measurements of hematological parameters and anti-oxidative and immune indexes, and maternal-fetal glucose metabolism parameters, respectively. The colostrum and milk and fecal samples of the sows were also collected for analysis of milk composition and apparent total tract nutrient digestibility. Dietary embelin had no effect on the BW and backfat thickness of the sows but significantly increased the birth weight of piglets (P < 0.05) and decreased the mortality (P < 0.05). Moreover, the white blood cell counts (day 90), neutrophil count and mean cell hemoglobin (day 110), total anti-oxidant capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), and catalase (CAT) content of the sows were increased significantly (P < 0.05) in the embelin groups than that in the CON group, whereas the malondialdehyde (MDA) content was decreased (P < 0.05). Embelin significantly increased immunoglobulin A (IgA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) content in plasma of piglets as well as those in colostrum and milk of sows than the CON treatment (P < 0.05). In addition, dry matter, ash, and ether extract in the colostrum were similar between groups (P > 0.05), whereas the embelin significantly increased the crude protein in the milk. The apparent total tract nutrient digestibility was similar between treatments (P > 0.05). The embelin treatment significantly increased the glucose levels and lactate dehydrogenase B (LDHB) activity in sows plasma, and decreased the lactate levels in both sows and fetuses plasma (P < 0.05). Collectively, this study indicates that sows fed with embelin in mid-to-late gestation showed improved maternal health and anti-oxidative status, milk protein content, and maternal-fetal glucose metabolism, showing promise in natural plant extract nutrition for sows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tongxin Wang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Weilei Yao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Xiaomeng Liu
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhengxi Bao
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Chenrui Lv
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Feiruo Huang
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
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UHPLC-MS/MS-Based Metabolomics and Clinical Phenotypes Analysis Reveal Broad-Scale Perturbations in Early Pregnancy Related to Gestational Diabetes Mellitus. DISEASE MARKERS 2022; 2022:4231031. [PMID: 36061360 PMCID: PMC9433254 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4231031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is the most common metabolic disturbance during pregnancy, with adverse effects on both mother and fetus. The establishment of early diagnosis and risk assessment model is of great significance for preventing and reducing adverse outcomes of GDM. In this study, the broad-scale perturbations related to GDM were explored through the integration analysis of metabolic and clinical phenotypes. Maternal serum samples from the first trimester were collected for targeted metabolomics analysis by using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). Statistical analysis was conducted based on the levels of the 184 metabolites and 76 clinical indicators from GDM women (
=60) and matched healthy controls (
=90). Metabolomics analysis revealed the down-regulation of fatty acid oxidation in the first trimester of GDM women, which was supposed to be related to the low serum level of dehydroepiandrosterone.While the significantly altered clinical phenotypes were mainly related to the increased risk of cardiovascular disease, abnormal iron metabolism, and inflammation. A phenotype panel established from the significantly changed serum indicators can be used for the early prediction of GDM, with the area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve (ROC) 0.83. High serum uric acid and C-reaction protein levels were risk factors for GDM independent of body mass indexes, with ORs 4.76 (95% CI: 2.08-10.90) and 3.10 (95% CI: 1.38-6.96), respectively. Predictive phenotype panel of GDM, together with the risk factors of GDM, will provide novel perspectives for the early clinical warning and diagnosis of GDM.
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Puca F, Fedele M, Rasio D, Battista S. Role of Diet in Stem and Cancer Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158108. [PMID: 35897685 PMCID: PMC9330301 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet and lifestyle factors greatly affect health and susceptibility to diseases, including cancer. Stem cells’ functions, including their ability to divide asymmetrically, set the rules for tissue homeostasis, contribute to health maintenance, and represent the entry point of cancer occurrence. Stem cell properties result from the complex integration of intrinsic, extrinsic, and systemic factors. In this context, diet-induced metabolic changes can have a profound impact on stem cell fate determination, lineage specification and differentiation. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive description of the multiple “non-metabolic” effects of diet on stem cell functions, including little-known effects such as those on liquid-liquid phase separation and on non-random chromosome segregation (asymmetric division). A deep understanding of the specific dietetic requirements of normal and cancer stem cells may pave the way for the development of nutrition-based targeted therapeutic approaches to improve regenerative and anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Puca
- Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 78705, USA;
- Department of Oncology, IRBM Science Park SpA, 00071 Pomezia, Italy
| | - Monica Fedele
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Debora Rasio
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, La Sapienza University, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Sabrina Battista
- Institute for Experimental Endocrinology and Oncology (IEOS), National Research Council (CNR), 80131 Naples, Italy;
- Correspondence:
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Maternal lipid profile in pregnancy and embryonic size: a population-based prospective cohort study. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2022; 22:333. [PMID: 35436866 PMCID: PMC9016996 DOI: 10.1186/s12884-022-04647-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lipids are crucial for fetal growth and development. Maternal lipid concentrations are associated with fetal growth in the second and third trimester of pregnancy and with birth outcomes. However, it is unknown if this association starts early in pregnancy or arises later during fetal development. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between the maternal lipid profile in early pregnancy and embryonic size. Methods We included 1474 women from the Generation R Study, a population based prospective birth cohort. Both embryonic size and the maternal lipid profile were measured between 10 weeks + 1 day and 13 weeks + 6 days gestational age. The maternal lipid profile was defined as total cholesterol, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), remnant cholesterol, non-high-density (non-HDL-c) lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations and the triglycerides/high-density lipoprotein (TG/HDL-c) ratio. Additionally, maternal glucose concentrations were assessed. Embryonic size was assessed using crown-rump length (CRL) measurements. Associations were studied with linear regression models, adjusted for confounding factors: maternal age, pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), parity, educational level, ethnicity, smoking and folic acid supplement use. Results Triglycerides and remnant cholesterol concentrations are positively associated with embryonic size (fully adjusted models, 0.17 SDS CRL: 95% CI 0.03; 0.30, and 0.17 SDS: 95% CI 0.04; 0.31 per 1 MoM increase, respectively). These associations were not present in women with normal weight (triglycerides and remnant cholesterol: fully adjusted model, 0.44 SDS: 95% CI 0.15; 0.72). Associations between maternal lipid concentrations and embryonic size were not attenuated after adjustment for glucose concentrations. Total cholesterol, HDL-c, LDL-c, non-HDL-c concentrations and the TG/HDL-c ratio were not associated with embryonic size. Conclusions Higher triglycerides and remnant cholesterol concentrations in early pregnancy are associated with increased embryonic size, most notably in overweight women. Trial registration The study protocol has been approved by the Medical Ethics Committee of the Erasmus University Medical Centre (Erasmus MC), Rotterdam (MEC-2007-413). Written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12884-022-04647-6.
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Long Y, Wang YC, Yuan DZ, Dai XH, Liao LC, Zhang XQ, Zhang LX, Ma YD, Lei Y, Cui ZH, Zhang JH, Nie L, Yue LM. GLUT4 in Mouse Endometrial Epithelium: Roles in Embryonic Development and Implantation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:674924. [PMID: 34248664 PMCID: PMC8267529 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.674924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
GLUT4 is involved in rapid glucose uptake among various kinds of cells to contribute to glucose homeostasis. Prior data have reported that aberrant glucose metabolism by GLUT4 dysfunction in the uterus could be responsible for infertility and increased miscarriage. However, the expression and precise functions of GLUT4 in the endometrium under physiological conditions remain unknown or controversial. In this study, we observed that GLUT4 exhibits a spatiotemporal expression in mouse uterus on pregnant days 1–4; its expression especially increased on pregnant day 4 during the window of implantation. We also determined that estrogen, in conjunction with progesterone, promotes the expression of GLUT4 in the endometrial epithelium in vivo or in vitro. GLUT4 is an important transporter that mediates glucose transport in endometrial epithelial cells (EECs) in vitro or in vivo. In vitro, glucose uptake decreased in mouse EECs when the cells were treated with GLUT4 small interfering RNA (siRNA). In vivo, the injection of GLUT4-siRNA into one side of the mouse uterine horns resulted in an increased glucose concentration in the uterine fluid on pregnant day 4, although it was still lower than in blood, and impaired endometrial receptivity by inhibiting pinopode formation and the expressions of leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and integrin ανβ3, finally affecting embryonic development and implantation. Overall, the obtained results indicate that GLUT4 in the endometrial epithelium affects embryo development by altering glucose concentration in the uterine fluid. It can also affect implantation by impairing endometrial receptivity due to dysfunction of GLUT4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Long
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Department of Physiology, Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
| | - Yi-Cheng Wang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Dong-Zhi Yuan
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Hua Dai
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lin-Chuan Liao
- West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Qin Zhang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Xue Zhang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Dan Ma
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Lei
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Hui Cui
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jin-Hu Zhang
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li Nie
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Li-Min Yue
- Department of Physiology, West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Nasiri N, Karimian L, Hassani F, Gourabi H, Alipour H, Zolfaghari Z, Eftekhari-Yazdi P. Total Antioxidant Capacity; A Potential Biomarker for Non-Invasive Sex Prediction in Culture Medium of Preimplantation Human Embryos. CELL JOURNAL 2019; 21:253-258. [PMID: 31210430 PMCID: PMC6582414 DOI: 10.22074/cellj.2019.6115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective The presence of a sex related metabolic difference in glucose utilization and, on the other hand, different
developmental kinetic rates in human preimplantation embryos, has been previously observed, hawever, the correlation
between these two events is unknown. Oxidative stress (OS) induced by higher glucose consumption appears to be a possible
cause for the delayed development rate in female embryos. We examined the correlation between glucose consumption and
total antioxidant capacity (TAC) concentration in individual embryo culture media for both male and female embryos.
Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, we evaluated high quality embryos from 51 patients that underwent
intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) and preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) at the Royan Institute between December
2014 and September 2017. The embryos were individually cultured in G-2TMmedium droplets at days 3-5 or 48 hours post
PGD. We analysed the spent culture media following embryo transfer for total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and any remaining
glucose concentrations through fluorometric measurement by chemiluminecence system which indirectly was used for
measurement of glucose consumed by embryos.
Results The results showed that female embryos consumed more glucose which was associated with decreased TAC
concentration in their culture medium compared to male embryos. The mean of glucose concentration consumed by
the female embryos (30.7 ± 4.7 pmol/embryo/hour) was significantly higher than that of the male embryos (25.3 ± 3.3
pmol/embryo/hour) (P<0.001). There were significantly lower levels of TAC in the surrounding culture medium of female
embryos (22.60 ± 0.19 nmol/µl) compared with male embryos (24.74 ± 0.27 nmol/µl, P<0.01).
Conclusion This finding highlighted the utilization of sex dependent metabolic diversity between preimplantation embryos
for non-invasive sex diagnosis and suggests the TAC concentration as a potential noninvasive biomarker for prediction of sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Nasiri
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Leila Karimian
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Hassani
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hamid Gourabi
- Department of Genetics, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hiva Alipour
- Biomedicine Group, Department of Health Science and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark
| | - Zahra Zolfaghari
- Department of Epidemiology and Reproductive Health, Reproductive Epidemiology Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Poopak Eftekhari-Yazdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran. Electronic Address:
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Kim G, Cao L, Reece EA, Zhao Z. Impact of protein O-GlcNAcylation on neural tube malformation in diabetic embryopathy. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11107. [PMID: 28894244 PMCID: PMC5593976 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11655-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/25/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus in early pregnancy can cause neural tube defects (NTDs) in embryos by perturbing protein activity, causing cellular stress, and increasing programmed cell death (apoptosis) in the tissues required for neurulation. Hyperglycemia augments a branch pathway in glycolysis, the hexosamine biosynthetic pathway (HBP), to increase uridine diphosphate-N-acetylglucosamine (UDP-GlcNAc). GlcNAc can be added to proteins by O-GlcNAc transferase (OGT) to regulate protein activity. In the embryos of diabetic mice, OGT is highly activated in association with increases in global protein O-GlcNAcylation. In neural stem cells in vitro, high glucose elevates O-GlcNAcylation and reactive oxygen species, but the elevations can be suppressed by an OGT inhibitor. Inhibition of OGT in diabetic pregnant mice in vivo decreases NTD rate in the embryos. This effect is associated with reduction in global O-GlcNAcylation, alleviation of intracellular stress, and decreases in apoptosis in the embryos. These suggest that OGT plays an important role in diabetic embryopathy via increasing protein O-GlcNAcylation, and that inhibiting OGT could be a candidate approach to prevent birth defects in diabetic pregnancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gyuyoup Kim
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Lixue Cao
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - E Albert Reece
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhiyong Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences,University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
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Smith CJ, Ryckman KK. Epigenetic and developmental influences on the risk of obesity, diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2015; 8:295-302. [PMID: 26170704 PMCID: PMC4492644 DOI: 10.2147/dmso.s61296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Metabolic syndrome is characterized by the presence of a variety of metabolic disturbances including obesity, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and elevated fasting blood sugar. Although the risk for metabolic syndrome has largely been attributed to adult lifestyle factors such as poor nutrition, lack of exercise, and smoking, there is now strong evidence suggesting that predisposition to the development of metabolic syndrome begins in utero. First posited by Hales and Barker in 1992, the "thrifty phenotype" hypothesis proposes that susceptibility to adult chronic diseases can occur in response to exposures in the prenatal and perinatal periods. This hypothesis has been continually supported by epidemiologic studies and studies involving animal models. In this review, we describe the structural, metabolic and epigenetic changes that occur in response to adverse intrauterine environments including prenatal and postnatal diet, maternal obesity, and pregnancy complications. Given the increasing prevalence of metabolic syndrome in both the developed and developing worlds, a greater understanding and appreciation for the role of the intrauterine environment in adult chronic disease etiology is imperative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caitlin J Smith
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Kelli K Ryckman
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, College of Public Health, Iowa City, IA, USA
- Correspondence: Kelli K Ryckman, Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, College of Public Health, 145 Riverside Drive, S414 CPHB, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA, Tel +1 319 384 1562, Fax +1 319 384 4155, Email
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Gu L, Liu H, Gu X, Boots C, Moley KH, Wang Q. Metabolic control of oocyte development: linking maternal nutrition and reproductive outcomes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2014; 72:251-71. [PMID: 25280482 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-014-1739-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Obesity, diabetes, and related metabolic disorders are major health issues worldwide. As the epidemic of metabolic disorders continues, the associated medical co-morbidities, including the detrimental impact on reproduction, increase as well. Emerging evidence suggests that the effects of maternal nutrition on reproductive outcomes are likely to be mediated, at least in part, by oocyte metabolism. Well-balanced and timed energy metabolism is critical for optimal development of oocytes. To date, much of our understanding of oocyte metabolism comes from the effects of extrinsic nutrients on oocyte maturation. In contrast, intrinsic regulation of oocyte development by metabolic enzymes, intracellular mediators, and transport systems is less characterized. Specifically, decreased acid transport proteins levels, increased glucose/lipid content and elevated reactive oxygen species in oocytes have been implicated in meiotic defects, organelle dysfunction and epigenetic alteration. Therefore, metabolic disturbances in oocytes may contribute to the diminished reproductive potential experienced by women with metabolic disorders. In-depth research is needed to further explore the underlying mechanisms. This review also discusses several approaches for metabolic analysis. Metabolomic profiling of oocytes, the surrounding granulosa cells, and follicular fluid will uncover the metabolic networks regulating oocyte development, potentially leading to the identification of oocyte quality markers and prevention of reproductive disease and poor outcomes in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Gu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, China,
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Chen Y, Fan JX, Zhang ZL, Wang G, Cheng X, Chuai M, Lee KKH, Yang X. The negative influence of high-glucose ambience on neurogenesis in developing quail embryos. PLoS One 2013; 8:e66646. [PMID: 23818954 PMCID: PMC3688607 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0066646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Gestational diabetes is defined as glucose intolerance during pregnancy and it is presented as high blood glucose levels during the onset pregnancy. This condition has an adverse impact on fetal development but the mechanism involved is still not fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of high glucose on the developing quail embryo, especially its impact on the development of the nervous system. We established that high glucose altered the central nervous system mophologically, such that neural tube defects (NTDs) developed. In addition, we found that high glucose impaired nerve differentiation at dorsal root ganglia and in the developing limb buds, as revealed by neurofilament (NF) immunofluorescent staining. The dorsal root ganglia are normally derived from neural crest cells (NCCs), so we examine the delamination of NCCs from dorsal side of the neural tube. We established that high glucose was detrimental to the NCCs, in vivo and in vitro. High glucose also negatively affected neural differentiation by reducing the number and length of neurites emanating from neurons in culture. We established that high glucose exposure caused an increase in reactive oxidative species (ROS) generation by primary cultured neurons. We hypothesized that excess ROS was the factor responsible for impairing neuron development and differentiation. We provided evidence for our hypothesis by showing that the addition of vitamin C (a powerful antioxidant) could rescue the damaging effects of high glucose on cultured neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Chen
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian-xia Fan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, International Peace Maternity and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao-long Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guang Wang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xin Cheng
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manli Chuai
- Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Kenneth Ka Ho Lee
- Stem Cell and Regeneration Thematic Research Programme, School of Biomedical Sciences, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
- * E-mail: (XY); (KKHL)
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Key Laboratory for Regenerative Medicine of the Ministry of Education, Division of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Fetal-Preterm Labor Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
- * E-mail: (XY); (KKHL)
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Rosenfeld CS. Effects of Maternal Diet and Exposure to Bisphenol A on Sexually Dimorphic Responses in Conceptuses and Offspring. Reprod Domest Anim 2012; 47 Suppl 4:23-30. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02051.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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12
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Neonatally induced mild diabetes in rats and its effect on maternal, placental, and fetal parameters. EXPERIMENTAL DIABETES RESEARCH 2012; 2012:108163. [PMID: 22778712 PMCID: PMC3388333 DOI: 10.1155/2012/108163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2012] [Revised: 04/10/2012] [Accepted: 04/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to assess placental changes and reproductive outcomes in neonatally induced mild diabetic dams and fetal development in their offspring. At birth, female rats were assigned either to control or diabetic group (100 mg of streptozotocin/Kg, subcutaneously). At adulthood, the female rats were mated. During pregnancy, the blood glucose levels and glucose and insulin tolerance tests were performed. At term, maternal reproductive outcomes, fetal and placental weight, and placental morphology were analyzed. Diabetic rats had smaller number of living fetuses, implantations and corpora lutea, and increased rate of embryonic loss. Placenta showed morphometric alterations in decidua area. Our results showed that mild diabetes was sufficient to trigger alterations in maternal organism leading to impaired decidua development contributing to failure in embryonic implantation and early embryonic losses. Regardless placental decidua alteration, the labyrinth, which is responsible for the maternal-fetal exchanges, showed no morphometric changes contributing to an appropriate fetal development, which was able to maintain normal fetal weight at term in mild diabetic rats. Thus, this experimental model of diabetes induction at the day of birth was more effective to reproduce the reproductive alterations of diabetic women.
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Ding L, Pan R, Huang X, Wang JX, Shen YT, Xu L, Zhang Y, Liu Y, He XQ, Yang XJ, Qi ZQ, Wang HL. Changes in histone acetylation during oocyte meiotic maturation in the diabetic mouse. Theriogenology 2012; 78:784-92. [PMID: 22541329 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2011] [Revised: 03/13/2012] [Accepted: 03/14/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Although there is considerable evidence that diabetes can adversely affect meiosis in mammalian oocytes, acetylation status of oocytes in a diabetic environment remains unclear. The objective was to determine acetylation or deacetylation patterns (based on immunostaining) of H3K9, H3K14, H4K5, H4K8, H4K12, and H4K16 sites at various stages during meiosis in murine oocytes from control and diabetic mice. According to quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), mean ± SEM relative expression of Gcn5 (1.70 ± 0.14 at metaphase [M]I and 1.27 ± 0.01 at MII, respectively), Ep300 (1.74 ± 0.04 at MI and 1.80 ± 0.001 at MII), and Pcaf (2.01 ± 0.03 at MI and 1.41 ± 0.18 at MII) mRNA in oocytes from diabetic mice were higher than those from controls (P < 0.05), whereas there was no difference (P > 0.05) during the germinal vesicle (GV) stage between the two groups (1.23 ± 0.04 for Gcn5, 0.82 ± 0.06 for Ep300, and 0.80 ± 0.07 for Pcaf). Conversely, relative mRNA expression concentrations of Hdac1, Hdac2, Hdac3, Sirt1 and Sirt2 during the germinal vesicle stage were lower in oocytes of diabetic mice (0.24 ± 0.03 for Hdac1, 0.11 ± 0.001 for Hdac2, 0.31 ± 0.03 for Hdac3, 0.28 ± 0.02 for Sirt1, and 0.55 ± 0.02 for Sirt2; P < 0.05). Similarly, the expression concentrations of these genes at the MI stage were lower in oocytes from diabetic mice (0.79 ± 0.12 for Hdac1, 0.72 ± 0.001 for Hdac2, 0.02 ± 0.001 for Sirt1, and 0.84 ± 0.08 for Sirt2; P < 0.05). Their expression concentrations at the MII stage were also lower in oocytes from diabetic mice (0.46 ± 0.03 for Hdac1, 0.93 ± 0.01 for Hdac2, 0.56 ± 0.01 for Hdac3, 0.01 ± 0.002 for Sirt1, and 0.84 ± 0.04 for Sirt2; P < 0.05). At the MI stage, however, there was no difference in the expression of Hdac3 between the two groups of oocytes (0.96 ± 0.03; P > 0.05). Taken together, diabetes altered the intracellular histone modification system, which may have contributed to changes in histone acetylation, and may be involved in the compromised maturation rate of oocytes in diabetic humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Ding
- Organ Transplantation Institute, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province, China
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14
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Wang Q, Chi MM, Moley KH. Live imaging reveals the link between decreased glucose uptake in ovarian cumulus cells and impaired oocyte quality in female diabetic mice. Endocrinology 2012; 153:1984-9. [PMID: 22294751 PMCID: PMC3320263 DOI: 10.1210/en.2011-1815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diabetes has been demonstrated to adversely affect preimplantation embryo development and pregnancy outcomes. Emerging data suggest that these effects are associated with compromised oocyte quality. However, direct evidence of a pathway by which maternal diabetes exerts its effects on the oocyte is still lacking. Cumulus cells are metabolically coupled to oocytes, and bidirectional communication between them is essential for the development and functions of both compartments. The primary focus of this work was to evaluate the connection between glucose uptake in cumulus cells and oocyte quality in diabetic mice. This experiment has been difficult, because cumulus cells need to be separated from oocytes and labeled with isotope in the process of measuring glucose uptake. Here, we report a method for live imaging glucose transport in single cumulus-oocyte complexes using a fluorescent glucose analog (6-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol- 4-yl)amino)-6-deoxyglucose). By tracking the ATP content and spindle/chromosome status in individual oocytes surrounded by cumulus cells with differing glucose uptake activity, we reveal that compromised oocyte quality in diabetic mice is linked to decreased glucose uptake in cumulus cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, 425 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8064, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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15
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Bermejo-Alvarez P, Roberts RM, Rosenfeld CS. Effect of glucose concentration during in vitro culture of mouse embryos on development to blastocyst, success of embryo transfer, and litter sex ratio. Mol Reprod Dev 2012; 79:329-36. [PMID: 22461414 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2012] [Accepted: 01/28/2012] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
A high-glucose concentration in the reproductive tract during early development may result in aberrant embryo or fetal development, with effects that could have a greater impact on one sex than the other. Here, we determine if a high-glucose concentration impacts embryo development and pregnancy outcomes in a sex-specific manner in the mouse. Zygotes were cultured in potassium simple optimized medium, which typically contains 0.2 mM D-glucose, with and without additional glucose supplementation to a concentration of 28 mM. Zygote cleavage and blastocyst rate did not differ between treatments, but total and trophectoderm cell counts were reduced in blastocysts cultured in a high glucose. No differences between sexes nor inner cell mass cell number were observed within each treatment. Blastocysts developed in both media were transferred to recipients. The percentage of blastocysts resulting in viable pups was significantly reduced when the blastocysts were cultured in 28 mM glucose (74 ± 4%, controls vs. 55.8 ± 7.1%, 28 mM glucose), but conceptus loss affected both sexes equally as litter sex ratio did not differ between treatments (52.7% and 52.2% males for controls and high glucose, respectively). Pup body weight at birth was higher for males than females, but was not affected by earlier culture in high glucose. In conclusion, in vitro culture in medium with a glucose concentration approximating that of diabetic serum reduces total and trophectoderm cell numbers at the blastocyst stage and conceptus development to term, but these detrimental effects are not sex-specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bermejo-Alvarez
- Bond Life Sciences Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
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16
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Abstract
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) from all causes of diabetes is the most common medical complication of pregnancy and is increasing in incidence, particularly as type 2 diabetes continues to increase worldwide. Despite advances in perinatal care, infants of diabetic mothers (IDMs) remain at risk for a multitude of physiologic, metabolic, and congenital complications such as preterm birth, macrosomia, asphyxia, respiratory distress, hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, hyperbilirubinemia, polycythemia and hyperviscosity, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and congenital anomalies, particularly of the central nervous system. Overt type 1 diabetes around conception produces marked risk of embryopathy (neural tube defects, cardiac defects, caudal regression syndrome), whereas later in gestation, severe and unstable type 1 maternal diabetes carries a higher risk of intrauterine growth restriction, asphyxia, and fetal death. IDMs born to mothers with type 2 diabetes are more commonly obese (macrosomic) with milder conditions of the common problems found in IDMs. IDMs from all causes of GDM also are predisposed to later-life risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Care of the IDM neonate needs to focus on ensuring adequate cardiorespiratory adaptation at birth, possible birth injuries, maintenance of normal glucose metabolism, and close observation for polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia, and feeding intolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- William W Hay
- Anschutz Medical Campus, F441, Perinatal Research Center, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 13243 East 23rd Avenue, Aurora, CO 80045, USA.
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17
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Sananmuang T, Tharasanit T, Nguyen C, Phutikanit N, Techakumphu M. Culture medium and embryo density influence on developmental competence and gene expression of cat embryos. Theriogenology 2011; 75:1708-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2010] [Revised: 01/05/2011] [Accepted: 01/06/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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18
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Brogan RS, MacGibeny M, Mix S, Thompson C, Puttabyatappa M, VandeVoort CA, Chaffin CL. Dynamics of intra-follicular glucose during luteinization of macaque ovarian follicles. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2011; 332:189-95. [PMID: 20969917 PMCID: PMC3011036 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2010.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2010] [Revised: 10/05/2010] [Accepted: 10/12/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Glucose is important to the maturation of the oocyte and development of the embryo, while hyperglycemia results in profound reproductive and developmental consequences. However, the normal physiology of glucose in the ovary remains poorly understood. The goal of this study was to determine intra-follicular glucose dynamics during the periovulatory interval in non-human primates undergoing controlled ovarian stimulation protocols. Follicular fluid and mural granulosa cells were isolated before or up to 24h after an ovulatory hCG bolus, and the human granulosa-lutein cell line hGL5 was used. Intra-follicular glucose increased 3h after hCG, and remained at that level until 12h when levels decline back to pre-hCG concentrations. Pyruvate and lactate concentrations in the follicle were not strongly altered by hCG. Mural granulosa cell expression of hexokinase 1 and 2, and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase mRNA decreased following hCG, while glycogen phosphorylase (liver form) increased following hCG. Glucose uptake by hGL5 cells was delayed until 24h following stimulation. In summary, intra-follicular glucose increases following an ovulatory stimulus and mural granulosa cells do not appear able to utilize it, sparing the glucose for the cumulus-oocyte complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca S Brogan
- Loyola University Maryland, Department of Biology, 4501 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Margaret MacGibeny
- Loyola University Maryland, Department of Biology, 4501 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Scott Mix
- Loyola University Maryland, Department of Biology, 4501 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Christopher Thompson
- Loyola University Maryland, Department of Biology, 4501 N. Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21201
| | - Muraly Puttabyatappa
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of OB/GYN & Reproductive Sciences, 655 W. Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21210
| | - Catherine A VandeVoort
- California National Primate Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Roads 98 and Hutchison, University of California, Davis, CA 95616
| | - Charles L Chaffin
- University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of OB/GYN & Reproductive Sciences, 655 W. Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21210
- Correspondance: Charles Chaffin, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Department of OB/GYN & Reproductive Sciences, BRB 11-013, 655 W. Baltimore St, Baltimore, MD 21201, Phone (410) 706-3031, Fax (410) 706-5747,
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19
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Cheng PP, Xia JJ, Wang HL, Chen JB, Wang FY, Zhang Y, Huang X, Zhang QJ, Qi ZQ. Islet transplantation reverses the effects of maternal diabetes on mouse oocytes. Reproduction 2011; 141:417-24. [PMID: 21273367 DOI: 10.1530/rep-10-0370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Maternal diabetes adversely affects preimplantation embryo development and oocyte maturation. Thus, it is important to identify ways to eliminate the effects of maternal diabetes on preimplantation embryos and oocytes. The objectives of this study were to investigate whether islet transplantation could reverse the effects of diabetes on oocytes. Our results revealed that maternal diabetes induced decreased ovulation; increased the frequency of meiotic spindle defects, chromosome misalignment, and aneuploidy; increased the relative expression levels of Mad2 and Bub1; and enhanced the sensitivity of oocytes to parthenogenetic activation. Islet transplantation prevented these detrimental effects. Therefore, we concluded that islet transplantation could reverse the effects of diabetes on oocytes, and that this technique may be useful to treat the fundamental reproductive problems of women with diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan-Pan Cheng
- Organ Transplantation Institute of Xiamen University, Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province 361005, People's Republic of China
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20
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Wang Q, Frolova AI, Purcell S, Adastra K, Schoeller E, Chi MM, Schedl T, Moley KH. Mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptosis in cumulus cells of type I diabetic mice. PLoS One 2010; 5:e15901. [PMID: 21209947 PMCID: PMC3011018 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0015901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2010] [Accepted: 11/30/2010] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Impaired oocyte quality has been demonstrated in diabetic mice; however, the potential pathways by which maternal diabetes exerts its effects on the oocyte are poorly understood. Cumulus cells are in direct contact with the oocyte via gap junctions and provide essential nutrients to support oocyte development. In this study, we investigated the effects of maternal diabetes on the mitochondrial status in cumulus cells. We found an increased frequency of fragmented mitochondria, a decreased transmembrane potential and an aggregated distribution of mitochondria in cumulus cells from diabetic mice. Furthermore, while mitochondrial biogenesis in cumulus cells was induced by maternal diabetes, their metabolic function was disrupted as evidenced by lower ATP and citrate levels. Moreover, we present evidence suggesting that the mitochondrial impairments induced by maternal diabetes, at least in part, lead to cumulus cell apoptosis through the release of cytochrome c. Together the deleterious effects on cumulus cells may disrupt trophic and signaling interactions with the oocyte, contributing to oocyte incompetence and thus poor pregnancy outcomes in diabetic females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Antonina I. Frolova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Scott Purcell
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Katie Adastra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Erica Schoeller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Maggie M. Chi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Tim Schedl
- Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Kelle H. Moley
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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21
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Abstract
The worldwide increase in the incidence of diabetes, the increase in type 2 diabetes in women at reproductive ages, and the cross-generation of the intrauterine programming of type 2 diabetes are the bases for the growing interest in the use of experimental diabetic models in order to gain insight into the mechanisms of induction of developmental alterations in maternal diabetes. In this scenario, experimental models that present the most common features of diabetes in pregnancy are highly required. Several important aspects of human diabetic pregnancies such as the increased rates of spontaneous abortions, malformations, fetoplacental impairments, and offspring diseases in later life can be approached by using the appropriate animal models. The purpose of this review is to give a practical and critical guide into the most frequently used experimental models in diabetes and pregnancy, discuss their advantages and limitations, and describe the aspects of diabetes and pregnancy for which these models are thought to be adequate. This review provides a comprehensive view and an extensive analysis of the different models and phenotypes addressed in diabetic animals throughout pregnancy. The review includes an analysis of the surgical, chemical-induced, and genetic experimental models of diabetes and an evaluation of their use to analyze early pregnancy defects, induction of congenital malformations, placental and fetal alterations, and the intrauterine programming of metabolic diseases in the offspring's later life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Jawerbaum
- Laboratory of Reproduction and Metabolism, Centro de Estudios Farmacológicos y Botánicos-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas-School of Medicine, University of Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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22
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Saito FH, Damasceno DC, Kempinas WG, Morceli G, Sinzato YK, Taylor KN, Rudge MVC. Repercussions of mild diabetes on pregnancy in Wistar rats and on the fetal development. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2010; 2:26. [PMID: 20416073 PMCID: PMC2874517 DOI: 10.1186/1758-5996-2-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Accepted: 04/23/2010] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Experimental models are necessary to elucidate diabetes pathophysiological mechanisms not yet understood in humans. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the repercussions of the mild diabetes, considering two methodologies, on the pregnancy of Wistar rats and on the development of their offspring. METHODS In the 1st induction, female offspring were distributed into two experimental groups: Group streptozotocin (STZ, n = 67): received the beta-cytotoxic agent (100 mg STZ/kg body weight - sc) on the 1st day of the life; and Non-diabetic Group (ND, n = 14): received the vehicle in a similar time period. In the adult life, the animals were mated. After a positive diagnosis of pregnancy (0), female rats from group STZ presenting with lower glycemia than 120 mg/dL received more 20 mg STZ/kg (ip) at day 7 of pregnancy (2nd induction). The female rats with glycemia higher than 120 mg/dL were discarded because they reproduced results already found in the literature. In the mornings of days 0, 7, 14 and 21 of the pregnancy glycemia was determined. At day 21 of pregnancy (at term), the female rats were anesthetized and killed for maternal reproductive performance and fetal development analysis. The data were analyzed using Student-Newman-Keuls, Chi-square and Zero-inflated Poisson (ZIP) Tests (p < 0.05). RESULTS STZ rats presented increased rates of pre (STZ = 22.0%; ND = 5.1%) and post-implantation losses (STZ = 26.1%; ND = 5.7%), reduced rates of fetuses with appropriate weight for gestational age (STZ = 66%; ND = 93%) and reduced degree of development (ossification sites). CONCLUSION Mild diabetes led a negative impact on maternal reproductive performance and caused intrauterine growth restriction and impaired fetal development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe H Saito
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research of Gynecology and Obstetrics, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Débora C Damasceno
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research of Gynecology and Obstetrics, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Wilma G Kempinas
- Instituto de Biociências de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Department of Morphology, Laboratório de Biologia e Toxicologia da Reprodução e do Desenvolvimento - ReproTox, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Glilciane Morceli
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research of Gynecology and Obstetrics, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Yuri K Sinzato
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research of Gynecology and Obstetrics, São Paulo State, Brazil
| | - Kristin N Taylor
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research of Gynecology and Obstetrics, São Paulo State, Brazil
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA
| | - Marilza VC Rudge
- Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, UNESP - Univ Estadual Paulista, Botucatu, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Laboratory of Experimental Research of Gynecology and Obstetrics, São Paulo State, Brazil
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23
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Kellenberger LD, Bruin JE, Greenaway J, Campbell NE, Moorehead RA, Holloway AC, Petrik J. The role of dysregulated glucose metabolism in epithelial ovarian cancer. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2010; 2010:514310. [PMID: 20182531 PMCID: PMC2825545 DOI: 10.1155/2010/514310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2009] [Accepted: 12/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) is the most lethal gynecologic cancer and also one of the most poorly understood. Other health issues that are affecting women with increasing frequency are obesity and diabetes, which are associated with dysglycemia and increased blood glucose. The Warburg Effect describes the ability of fast-growing cancer cells to preferentially metabolize glucose via anaerobic glycolysis rather than oxidative phosphorylation. Recent epidemiological studies have suggested a role for hyperglycemia in the pathogenesis of a number of cancers. If hyperglycemia contributes to tumour growth and progression, then it is intuitive that antihyperglycemic drugs may also have an important antitumour role. Preliminary reports suggest that these drugs not only reduce available plasma glucose, but also have direct effects on cancer cell viability through modification of molecular energy-sensing pathways. This review investigates the effect that hyperglycemia may have on EOC and the potential of antihyperglycemic drugs as therapeutic adjuncts.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. D. Kellenberger
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - J. E. Bruin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - J. Greenaway
- CIHR Group in Matrix Dynamics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5S 3E2
| | - N. E. Campbell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - R. A. Moorehead
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
| | - A. C. Holloway
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada L8S 4L8
| | - J. Petrik
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G 2W1
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24
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Sutton-McDowall ML, Gilchrist RB, Thompson JG. The pivotal role of glucose metabolism in determining oocyte developmental competence. Reproduction 2010; 139:685-95. [PMID: 20089664 DOI: 10.1530/rep-09-0345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 332] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The environment that the cumulus oocyte complex (COC) is exposed to during either in vivo or in vitro maturation (IVM) can have profound effects on the success of fertilisation and subsequent embryo development. Glucose is a pivotal metabolite for the COC and is metabolised by glycolysis, the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP), the hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) and the polyol pathway. Over the course of oocyte maturation, a large proportion of total glucose is metabolised via the glycolytic pathway to provide substrates such as pyruvate for energy production. Glucose is also the substrate for many cellular functions during oocyte maturation, including regulation of nuclear maturation and redox state via the PPP and for the synthesis of substrates of extracellular matrices (cumulus expansion) and O-linked glycosylation (cell signalling) via the HBP. However, the oocyte is susceptible to glucose concentration-dependent perturbations in nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation, leading to poor embryonic development post-fertilisation. For example, glucose concentrations either too high or too low result in precocious resumption of nuclear maturation. This review will discuss the relevant pathways of glucose metabolism by COCs during in vivo maturation and IVM, including the relative contribution of the somatic and gamete compartments of the COC to glucose metabolism. The consequences of exposing COCs to abnormal glucose concentrations will also be examined, either during IVM or by altered maternal environments, such as during hyperglycaemia induced by diabetes and obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanie L Sutton-McDowall
- School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The Robinson Institute, Research Centre for Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5005, Australia.
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25
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Abstract
Birth defects resulting from diabetic pregnancy are associated with apoptosis of a critical mass of progenitor cells early during the formation of the affected organ(s). Insufficient expression of genes that regulate viability of the progenitor cells is responsible for the apoptosis. In particular, maternal diabetes inhibits expression of a gene, Pax3, that encodes a transcription factor which is expressed in neural crest and neuroepithelial cells. As a result of insufficient Pax3, cardiac neural crest and neuroepithelial cells undergo apoptosis by a process dependent on the p53 tumor suppressor protein. This, then provides a cellular explanation for the cardiac outflow tract and neural tube and defects induced by diabetic pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- James H. Chappell
- Section on Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Xiao Dan Wang
- Section on Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Mary R. Loeken
- Section on Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Joslin Diabetes Center, One Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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26
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Lampl M. Human growth from the cell to the organism: Saltations and integrative physiology. Ann Hum Biol 2009; 36:478-95. [DOI: 10.1080/03014460902911670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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27
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Wang Q, Ratchford AM, Chi MMY, Schoeller E, Frolova A, Schedl T, Moley KH. Maternal diabetes causes mitochondrial dysfunction and meiotic defects in murine oocytes. Mol Endocrinol 2009; 23:1603-12. [PMID: 19574447 DOI: 10.1210/me.2009-0033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The adverse effects of maternal diabetes on embryo development and pregnancy outcomes have recently been shown to occur as early as the one-cell zygote stage. The hypothesis of this study was that maternally inherited mitochondria in oocytes from diabetic mice are abnormal and thus responsible in part for this latency of developmental compromise. In ovulated oocytes from diabetic mice, transmission electron microscopy revealed an alteration in mitochondrial ultrastructure, and the quantitative analysis of mitochondrial DNA copy number demonstrated an increase. The levels of ATP and tricarboxylic acid cycle metabolites in diabetic oocytes were markedly reduced compared with controls, suggesting a mitochondrial metabolic dysfunction. Abnormal distribution of mitochondria within maturing oocytes also was seen in diabetic mice. Furthermore, oocytes from diabetic mice displayed a higher frequency of spindle defects and chromosome misalignment in meiosis, resulting in increased aneuploidy rates in ovulated oocytes. Collectively, our results suggest that maternal diabetes results in oocyte defects that are transmitted to the fetus by two routes: first, meiotic spindle and chromatin defects result in nondisjunction leading to embryonic aneuploidy; second, structural and functional abnormalities of oocyte mitochondria, through maternal transmission, provide the embryo with a dysfunctional complement of mitochondria that may be propagated during embryogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA
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