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Karačić S, Palmer B, Gee CT, Bierbaum G. Oxygen-dependent biofilm dynamics in leaf decay: an in vitro analysis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:6728. [PMID: 38509138 PMCID: PMC10955112 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-57223-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Biofilms are important in the natural process of plant tissue degradation. However, fundamental knowledge of biofilm community structure and succession on decaying leaves under different oxygen conditions is limited. Here, we used 16S rRNA and ITS gene amplicon sequencing to investigate the composition, temporal dynamics, and community assembly processes of bacterial and fungal biofilms on decaying leaves in vitro. Leaves harvested from three plant species were immersed in lake water under aerobic and anaerobic conditions in vitro for three weeks. Biofilm-covered leaf samples were collected weekly and investigated by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that community composition differed significantly between biofilm samples under aerobic and anaerobic conditions, though not among plant species. Over three weeks, a clear compositional shift of the bacterial and fungal biofilm communities was observed. The alpha diversity of prokaryotes increased over time in aerobic assays and decreased under anaerobic conditions. Oxygen availability and incubation time were found to be primary factors influencing the microbial diversity of biofilms on different decaying plant species in vitro. Null models suggest that stochastic processes governed the assembly of biofilm communities of decaying leaves in vitro in the early stages of biofilm formation and were further shaped by niche-associated factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabina Karačić
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany.
| | - Brianne Palmer
- Bonn Institute of Organismic Biology, Division of Paleontology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Carole T Gee
- Bonn Institute of Organismic Biology, Division of Paleontology, University of Bonn, 53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriele Bierbaum
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Venusberg-Campus 1, 53127, Bonn, Germany
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2
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Ahn Y, Park S, Kim HH, Basak B, Yun ST, Jeon BH, Choi J. Field evaluation of carbon injection method for in-situ biological denitrification in groundwater using geochemical and metataxonomic analyses. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 340:122719. [PMID: 37866751 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
This study focuses on the bioremediation of nitrate-contaminated groundwater, which has become a significant environmental problem due to the increasing usage of fertilizers and sewage disposal. The nitrate reduction efficiencies of biological denitrification by injection of carbon source in a pilot-scale treatment system setup were investigated at a groundwater contamination site. The field test was conducted using acetate as a carbon source for 22 days to assess the nitrate reduction efficiencies of in-situ treatment. Geochemical parameters and microbial community analysis using next-generation sequencing were performed before and after carbon source injection. After 12 h of reaction time, nitrate concentration decreased from 31.6 to 4.2 mg-N/L at PC-2, and then remained stable at 3.9 mg-N/L. The nitrate reduction rate when acetate was injected was 29.0 mg-N/L/day. Aquabacterium commune, pseudomonas brassicacearum, dechloromonas denitrificans, and Massilia FAOS were dominant species after acetate injection. Predictive metabolic pathway analysis indicated that nitrate reduction metabolisms during injection of acetate were denitrification and assimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium. The evaluated hazard quotient of nitrate-contaminated groundwater significantly decreased after acetate injection (non-carcinogenic risk decreased from 1.176 to 0.134 for children). This research could provide fundamental information for decision-makers in nitrate-contaminated groundwater quality protection and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongtae Ahn
- Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea; Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghyun Park
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Green School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Hoo Hugo Kim
- Department of Civil & Energy System Engineering, Kyonggi University, Suwon 16227, Republic of Korea; Center for Water Cycle Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Bikram Basak
- Center for Creative Convergence Education, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea; Petroleum and Mineral Research Institute, Hanyang University, 222 Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Taek Yun
- Green School, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong-Hun Jeon
- Department of Earth Resources & Environmental Engineering, Hanyang University, 222-Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 04763, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Choi
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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3
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El-Liethy MA, Hemdan BA, El-Taweel GE. New insights for tracking bacterial community structures in industrial wastewater from textile factories to surface water using phenotypic, 16S rRNA isolates identifications and high-throughput sequencing. Acta Trop 2023; 238:106806. [PMID: 36574894 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2022.106806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Industrial wastewater can possibly change the microbial ecological environment. There are few studies that focus on the bacterial variety in textile wastewater effluents and after combination with domestic wastewater. Thus, this study aimed to determine dye degrading bacteria from textile wastewater and environmental water samples using cultural method followed by phenotypic using BIOLOG and genotypic identification (16S rRNA) for dye degrading isolates identifications. Moreover, the bacterial communities in three textile and four environmental samples using Illumina MiSeq high-throughput sequencing were investigated. The findings revealed that in textile water samples, the ratio of dye-degrading bacteria (DDB) to total bacterial counts (TBC) was 27%. The identified DDB genera by 16S rRNA based on the cultural approach were Citrobacter spp., Klebsiella spp., Enterobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., and Aeromonas spp. Regarding to the metagenomics analyses, the environmental samples had 5,598 Operational Toxanomic Units (OTUs) more than textile wastewater samples (1,463 OTUs). Additionally, the most abundant phyla in the textile wastewater were Proteobacteria (24.45-94.83%), Bacteriodetes (0.5-44.84%) and Firmicutes (3.72-67.40%), while, Proteobacteria (30.8-76.3%), bacteroidetes (8.5-50%) and Acentobacteria (0.5-23.12%) were the most abundant phyla in the environmental samples. The maximum abundant bacteria at species level in environmental samples were Aquabacterium parvum (36.71%), Delftia tsuruhatensis (17.61%), Parabacteriodes chartae (15.39%) and Methylorubrum populi (7.51%) in El-Rahawy Drain water (RDW), River Nile water (RNW), wastewater (RWW) from WWTP in Zennin and El-Rahawy Drain sediment (RDS), respectively, whereas the maximum abundant bacteria at species level in textile wastewater were Alkalibacterium pelagium (34.11%), Enterobacter kobei (26.09%) and Chryseobacterium montanum (16.93%) in factory 1 (HBT) sample, SHB sample (before mixing with domestic wastewater) and SHB sample (after mixing with domestic wastewater), respectively. In conclusion, the microbial communities in textile wastewaters are similar to those in environmental samples at the phylum level but distinct at the genus and species levels because they are exposed to a wider range of environmental circumstances.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Azab El-Liethy
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt.
| | - Bahaa A Hemdan
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Gamila E El-Taweel
- Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Water Pollution Research Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza 12622, Egypt
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4
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Ke T, Zhang D, Guo H, Xiu W, Zhao Y. Geogenic arsenic and arsenotrophic microbiome in groundwater from the Hetao Basin. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 852:158549. [PMID: 36075436 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
High arsenic (As) in groundwater is an environmental issue of global concern, which is closely related to microbe-mediated As biogeochemical cycling. However, the distribution of genes related to As cycling and underlying microbial As biogeochemical processes in high As groundwater remain elusive. Hence, we profiled the As cycling genes (arsC, arrA, and aioA genes) and indigenous microbial communities in groundwater from a typical high As area, the Hetao Basin from China, using amplicon sequencing and qPCR techniques. Here, we revealed the significant difference in microbial community structure between low As groundwater samples (LG) and high As groundwater samples (HG). Acinetobacter, Thiovirga, Hydrogenophaga, and Sulfurimonas were dominant in LG, while Aquabcterium, Acinetobacter, Sphingomonas, Pseudomonas, Desulfomicrobium, Hydrogenophaga, and Nitrospira were predominant in HG. Shannon and Chao indices of the microbial communities in HG were significantly higher than those of in LG. Alpha diversity and abundance of arsC and arrA genes were higher than those of aioA genes. The significant positive correlation was uncovered between the abundances of arsC and aioA genes, suggesting the cooccurrence of As functional genes in groundwater. Sphingopyxis, Agrobacterium, Klebsiella, Hoeflea, and Aeromonas represented the dominant taxa within the As (V) reducers communities. Distance-based redundancy analysis showed that ORP, pH, Astot, Mn, and DOC were the key factors shaping the diverse microbial populations, while ORP, S2-, As(III), Fe(II), NH4+, pH, Mn, SO42-, As(V), temperature, and P as the main drivers affecting arsenotrophic microbiota. This work provides an insight into microbial communities linked to As biogeochemical processes in high As groundwater, playing a fundamental role in groundwater As cycling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Ke
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Huaming Guo
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China; State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China.
| | - Wei Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
| | - Yi Zhao
- Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Groundwater Circulation and Environmental Evolution, School of Water Resources and Environment, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China
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5
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Bao R, Cheng Z, Hou Y, Xie C, Pu J, Peng L, Gao L, Chen W, Su Y. Secondary microplastics formation and colonized microorganisms on the surface of conventional and degradable plastic granules during long-term UV aging in various environmental media. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129686. [PMID: 36104912 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recently, biodegradable plastics (BPs) as an alternative of conventional plastics have been widely advocated and applied. However, there is still a large research gap between the formation of secondary microplastics (MPs) and colonized microorganisms on their surface under long-term aging in different environments. In this study, the generation of secondary MPs and the formation of surface biofilms on the micro-sized (3-5 mm) biodegradable plastic poly (butyleneadipate-co-terephthalate) (BP-PBAT) and conventional plastic polyvinyl chloride (CP-PVC) under long-term UV aging was investigated. The results showed that hundreds and even thousands of MPs (185.53 ± 85.73 items/g - 1473.27 ± 143.67 items/g) were generated by BP-PBAT and CP-PVC after aged for 90 days, and the abundance of MPs produced by BP-PBAT was significantly higher than that of CP-PVC. Moreover, the α diversities and detected OTU number of biofilm communities formed on MPs increased with MPs-aging. The genes related to the formation of biofilms was significantly expressed on aged MPs and the genes related to human pathogens and diseases were also detected in enriching on MPs surface. Overall, BPs may lead to greater ecological risks as it releases thousands of secondary MPs after being aged, and their environmental behavior needs to be further explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Bao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China
| | - Zhiruo Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China
| | - Yipeng Hou
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China
| | - Chaolin Xie
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China
| | - Jingrun Pu
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China
| | - Licheng Peng
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China.
| | - Liu Gao
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Key Laboratory of Agro-Forestry Environmental Processes and Ecological Regulation of Hainan Province, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China; College of Ecology and Environment, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan Province 570228, PR China
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6
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Lugli GA, Longhi G, Mancabelli L, Alessandri G, Tarracchini C, Fontana F, Turroni F, Milani C, van Sinderen D, Ventura M. Tap water as a natural vehicle for microorganisms shaping the human gut microbiome. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:3912-3923. [PMID: 35355372 PMCID: PMC9790288 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Fresh potable water is an indispensable drink which humans consume daily in substantial amounts. Nonetheless, very little is known about the composition of the microbial community inhabiting drinking water or its impact on our gut microbiota. In the current study, an exhaustive shotgun metagenomics analysis of the tap water microbiome highlighted the occurrence of a highly genetic biodiversity of the microbial communities residing in fresh water and the existence of a conserved core tap water microbiota largely represented by novel microbial species, representing microbial dark matter. Furthermore, genome reconstruction of this microbial dark matter from water samples unveiled homologous sequences present in the faecal microbiome of humans from various geographical locations. Accordingly, investigation of the faecal microbiota content of a subject that daily consumed tap water for 3 years provides proof for horizontal transmission and colonization of water bacteria in the human gut.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Andrea Lugli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Giulia Longhi
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly,GenProbio SrlParmaItaly
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Giulia Alessandri
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Chiara Tarracchini
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Federico Fontana
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly,GenProbio SrlParmaItaly
| | - Francesca Turroni
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly,Microbiome Research HubUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Christian Milani
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly,Microbiome Research HubUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
| | - Douwe van Sinderen
- APC Microbiome Institute and School of Microbiology, Bioscience Institute, National University of IrelandCorkIreland
| | - Marco Ventura
- Laboratory of Probiogenomics, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences, and Environmental SustainabilityUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly,Microbiome Research HubUniversity of ParmaParmaItaly
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7
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Underwood JC, Akob DM, Lorah MM, Imbrigiotta TE, Harvey RW, Tiedeman CR. Microbial Community Response to a Bioaugmentation Test to Degrade Trichloroethylene in a Fractured Rock Aquifer, Trenton, N.J. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2022; 98:6617591. [PMID: 35749571 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bioaugmentation is a promising strategy for enhancing trichloroethylene (TCE) degradation in fractured rock. However, slow or incomplete biodegradation can lead to stalling at degradation byproducts such as 1,2-dichloroethene (cis-DCE) and vinyl chloride (VC). Over the course of 7 years, we examined the response of groundwater microbial populations in a bioaugmentation test where an emulsified vegetable oil solution (EOS®) and a dechlorinating consortium (KB-1®), containing the established dechlorinator Dehalococcoides, were injected into a TCE-contaminated fractured rock aquifer. Indigenous microbial communities responded within 2 days to added substrate and outcompeted KB-1®, and over the years of monitoring, several other notable turnover events were observed. Concentrations of ethene, the end product in reductive dechlorination, had the strongest correlations (p< 0.05) with members of Candidatus Colwellbacteria but their involvement in reductive dechlorination is unknown and warrants further investigation. Dehalococcoides never exceeded 0.6% relative abundance of groundwater microbial communities, despite its previously presumed importance at the site. Increased concentrations of carbon dioxide, acetic acid, and methane were positively correlated with increasing ethene concentrations; however, concentrations of cis-DCE and VC remained high by the end of the monitoring period suggesting preferential enrichment of indigenous partial dechlorinators over bioaugmented complete dechlorinators. This study highlights the importance of characterizing in situ microbial populations to understand how they can potentially enhance or inhibit augmented TCE degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Underwood
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, Boulder CO 80303USA
| | - D M Akob
- U.S. Geological Survey, Geology, Energy & Minerals Science Center, 12201 Sunrise Valley Drive, Mailstop 954, Reston, VA 20192USA
| | - M M Lorah
- U.S. Geological Survey, MD-DE-DC Water Science Center, 5522 Research Park Drive, Baltimore, MD 21228USA
| | - T E Imbrigiotta
- U.S. Geological Survey, New Jersey Water Science Center, 3450 Princeton Pike, Suite 110, Lawrenceville, NJ 08648USA
| | - R W Harvey
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, Boulder CO 80303USA
| | - C R Tiedeman
- U.S. Geological Survey, Water Mission Area, Menlo Park, CA 94025USA
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8
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Are carbon water filters safe for private wells? Evaluating the occurrence of microbial indicator organisms in private well water treated by point-of-use activated carbon block filters. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2021; 238:113852. [PMID: 34627100 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2021.113852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Point-of-use (POU) water treatment is highly relevant to private well users vulnerable to chemical contamination, but uncertainty remains around the effects of activated carbon based POU devices on the microbial quality of the treated water. In this study, under-sink activated carbon block water filters were installed in 17 homes relying on private well water in North Carolina. The influent and effluent water in each home was evaluated for bacterial and viral microbial indicator organisms monthly for five months. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify water quality and water usage variables that were significant predictors of each indicator organism occurring in the filter effluent. The odds of total coliforms occurring in the effluent decreased by 84% with each 1-log10 increase in the influent HPC (p < 0.05), suggesting a protective effect by native heterotrophic bacteria, but increased by over 50 times with low cumulative water use (p < 0.05). The filters were not protective against coliphages in the influent and viral shedding may occur after periods of increased virus concentrations in the raw well water. Specific bacteria were also found to increase in the effluent, causing a shift in the bacterial community composition, although potential opportunistic pathogens were detected in both the influent and the effluent. Overall, under normal conditions of use, the filters tested in this study did not represent a significant additional risk for well users beyond the existing exposures from undisinfected well water alone.
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9
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Sun L, Chen W, Huang K, Lyu W, Gao X. Aquabacterium soli sp. nov., a novel bacterium isolated from soil under the long-term application of bifenthrin. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71. [PMID: 34582329 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Strain SJQ9T, an aerobic bacterium isolated from a soil sample collected in Shanghai, PR China, was characterized using a polyphasic approach. It grew optimally at pH 7.0, 30-35 °C and in the presence of 1 % (w/v) NaCl. A comparative analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain SJQ9T fell within the genus Aquabacterium. The closest phylogenetic relatives of strain SJQ9T were Aquabacterium citratiphilum DSM 11900T (98.6 % sequence similarity) and Aquabacterium commune DSM 11901T (96.4 %). Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, motile, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and positive for oxidase activity and negative for catalase. The chemotaxonomic properties of strain SJQ9T were consistent with those of the genus Aquabacterium: the major fatty acid was summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω6c and/or C16 : 1 ω7c). The isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The major polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The DNA G+C content was 65.7 mol%. Strain SH9T exhibited a DNA-DNA relatedness level of 34±2 % with A. citratiphilum DSM 11900T and 28±3 % with A. commune DSM 11901T. Based on the obtained data, strain SJQ9T represents a novel species of the genus Aquabacterium, for which the name Aquabacterium soli sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is SJQ9T (=JCM 33106T=CCTCC AB 2018284T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, PR China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201403, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, PR China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Horticultural Technology, Shanghai, 201403, PR China
| | - Kaihua Huang
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, PR China.,Shanghai Agricultural Environment and Farmland Conservation Experiment Station of Ministry of Agriculture, Shanghai, 201403, PR China
| | - Weiguang Lyu
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, PR China.,Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Low-carbon Agriculture (SERCLA), Shanghai, 201403, PR China.,Environmental Protection Monitoring Station of Shanghai, Shanghai, 201403, PR China
| | - Xinhua Gao
- Eco-Environmental Protection Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, PR China.,Environmental Protection Monitoring Station of Shanghai, Shanghai, 201403, PR China
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10
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Lee DW, Ahn Y, Pandi K, Park J, Yun ST, Jang M, Choi J. Evaluation of natural attenuation-potential and biogeochemical analysis in nitrate contaminated bedrock aquifers by carbon source injection. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 780:146459. [PMID: 34030323 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the natural attenuation potential and biogeochemical analysis of nitrate contaminated bedrock aquifers by injection of carbon sources was evaluated. The denitrification capacity was assessed by injecting different carbon sources (succinate, acetate, fumarate) into the groundwater. Acetate was identified as the optimum source of electron donors for microbial metabolic processes, as it improved the effect of nitrate removal and microbial activity in the groundwater. In addition, when acetate was injected with a C/N ratio = 2.1:1, the ratio of denitrifying bacteria was the greatest (C/N 2.1 (2.1%) > C/N 4.2 (1.9%) > C/N 7.0 (0.9%) > control (0.7%)). Reflecting the geochemical characteristics of the bedrock aquifer environment, acetate was injected into groundwater at the research site to activate biological heterotrophic denitrification. As a result, the nitrate reduction rate was 0.377 g-N/day (YP-3), while the rate in groundwater unaffected by acetate was significantly lower, at 0.028 g-N/day (YP-4) over the same reaction time. In particular, the ratio of Dechloromonas denitrificans sp., which is a representative denitrification bacteria involved in anaerobic reduction of nitrate, increased (before injection: 0.0089%, after injection: 1.3067%). Expression of the nosZ gene, which is involved in the denitrification pathway (N2O → N2), increased from 4.82 Log (gene copies L-1) to 9.71 Log (gene copies L-1). Together, these results demonstrate that denitrification in bedrock aquifers can be activated by injection of carbon sources and identified the genetic reason for that denitrification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da-Won Lee
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea; Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongtae Ahn
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Kalimuthu Pandi
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Joonhong Park
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, College of Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Teak Yun
- Graduate School of Energy and Environment (KU-KIST GREEN SCHOOL), Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Jang
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Kwangwoon University, 20 Kwangwoon-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01897, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaeyoung Choi
- Center for Environment, Health and Welfare Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Hwarang-ro 14, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea.
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11
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Su X, Yuan J, Dong W, Sun F, Wang M, Dong Z, Li W, Du C. Organic and nitrogenous pollutants removal paths in vegetation activated sludge process (V-ASP) for decentralized wastewater treatment by using stable isotope technique. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2021; 330:124959. [PMID: 33735729 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.124959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The organics (C) and nitrogenous (N) pollutants removal paths by functional units in vegetation-activated sludge process (V-ASP) were investigated by using stable isotope probing and high-throughput sequencing for the first time. V-ASP system displayed superior treatment performance compared to conventional activated sludge system, as manifested by its greater C and N removal efficiencies, higher abundance of denitrifying and heterotrophic functional Genus, and better resistance to low temperature. Isotope δ13C and δ15N were continuously accumulated in plant roots allocated in the V-ASP, where suspended sludge demonstrated obviously higher C and N enrichment rates compared to the rhizosphere sludge. The mass balance estimation showed that bacterial dissimilation was the dominant removal paths for C (54.13%) and N (47.53%). The underlying pollutants removal paths evidenced the advantageous of V-ASP that is a high feasible and promising approach for decentralized wastewater treatment process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Su
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiajia Yuan
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China; School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenyi Dong
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Feiyun Sun
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Mingming Wang
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zijun Dong
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Shenzhen Polytechnic, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wenzheng Li
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Changhang Du
- Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Water Resource Utilization and Environmental Pollution Control, Shenzhen 518055, China
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12
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Michel C, Baran N, André L, Charron M, Joulian C. Side Effects of Pesticides and Metabolites in Groundwater: Impact on Denitrification. Front Microbiol 2021; 12:662727. [PMID: 34054765 PMCID: PMC8155494 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.662727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The impact of two pesticides (S-metolachlor and propiconazole) and their respective main metabolites (ESA-metolachlor and 1,2,4-triazole) on bacterial denitrification in groundwater was studied. For this, the denitrification activity and the bacterial diversity of a microbial community sampled from a nitrate-contaminated groundwater were monitored during 20 days in lab experiments in the presence or absence of pesticides or metabolites at 2 or 10 μg/L. The kinetics of nitrate reduction along with nitrite and N2O production all suggested that S-metolachlor had no or only little impact, whereas its metabolite ESA-metolachlor inhibited denitrification by 65% at 10 μg/L. Propiconazole and 1,2,4-triazole also inhibited denitrification at both concentrations, but to a lesser extent (29–38%) than ESA-metolachlor. When inhibition occurred, pesticides affected the reduction of nitrate into nitrite step. However, no significant differences were detected on the abundance of nitrate reductase narG and napA genes, suggesting an impact of pesticides/metabolites at the protein level rather than on denitrifying bacteria abundance. 16S rRNA gene Illumina sequencing indicated no major modification of bacterial diversity in the presence or absence of pesticides/metabolites, except for ESA-metolachlor and propiconazole at 10 μg/L that tended to increase or decrease Shannon and InvSimpson indices, respectively. General growth parameters suggested no impact of pesticides, except for propiconazole at 10 μg/L that partially inhibited acetate uptake and induced a decrease in microbial biomass. In conclusion, pesticides and metabolites can have side effects at environmental concentrations on microbial denitrification in groundwater and may thus affect ecosystem services based on microbial activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Michel
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France
| | - Nicole Baran
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France
| | - Laurent André
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France.,Université d'Orléans, CNRS, BRGM, UMR 7327 Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans, Orléans, France
| | - Mickael Charron
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France
| | - Catherine Joulian
- BRGM, DEPA (Direction de l'Eau, de l'Environnement, des Procédés et Analyses), Orléans, France
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13
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Metze D, Popp D, Schwab L, Keller NS, da Rocha UN, Richnow HH, Vogt C. Temperature management potentially affects carbon mineralization capacity and microbial community composition of a shallow aquifer. FEMS Microbiol Ecol 2021; 97:6055686. [PMID: 33378450 DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiaa261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
High-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES) is a promising technique to reduce the CO2 footprint of heat supply in the frame of transitioning to renewable energies. However, HT-ATES causes temperature fluctuations in groundwater ecosystems potentially affecting important microbial-mediated ecosystem services. Hence, assessing the impact of increasing temperatures on the structure and functioning of aquifer microbiomes is crucial to evaluate potential environmental risks associated with HT-ATES. In this study, we investigated the effects of temperature variations (12-80°C) on microbial communities and their capacity to mineralize acetate in aerobically incubated sediment sampled from a pristine aquifer. Compared to natural conditions (12°C), increased acetate mineralization rates were observed at 25°C, 37°C and 45°C, whereas mineralization was decelerated at 60°C and absent at 80°C. Sequencing of 16S rRNA genes revealed that the bacterial diversity in acetate-amended and non-acetate-amended sediments decreased with rising temperatures. Distinct communities dominated by bacterial groups affiliated with meso- and thermophilic bacteria established at 45°C and 60°C, respectively, while the number of archaeal phylotypes decreased. The changes in microbial diversity observed at 45°C and 60°C indicate a potential loss of ecosystem functioning, functional redundancy and resilience, while heat storage at 80°C bears the risk of ecological collapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Metze
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Permoserstraße 15, Germany.,Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems Science, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Althanstraße 14, Austria
| | - Denny Popp
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Permoserstraße 15, Germany
| | - Laura Schwab
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Permoserstraße 15, Germany
| | - Nina-Sophie Keller
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Permoserstraße 15, Germany
| | - Ulisses Nunes da Rocha
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Permoserstraße 15, Germany
| | - Hans-Hermann Richnow
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Permoserstraße 15, Germany
| | - Carsten Vogt
- Department of Isotope Biogeochemistry, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, 04318 Leipzig, Permoserstraße 15, Germany
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14
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Dahal RH, Han JY, Lee H, Chaudhary DK, Kim DU. Aquabacterium terrae sp. nov., isolated from soil. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:3183-3189. [PMID: 33825935 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02269-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
A yellow-colored bacterial strain, designated S2T was isolated from soil in South Korea. Cells of strain S2T were strictly aerobic, Gram-stain-negative, motile with single polar flagellum, rod-shaped, oxidase and catalase-negative. Growth occurs at 10-37 °C (optimum, 28 °C), pH 5.0-9.0 (optimum, pH 6.5-7.0) and 0-3% NaCl (w/v). Strain S2T consisted of summed feature 3 (iso-C15:0 2-OH and/or C16:1 ω7c), C16:0 and summed feature 8 (C18:1 ω7c and/or C18:1 ω6c) as major fatty acids. The sole respiratory quinone was Q-8. The polar lipid profile consisted of phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified lipid. The 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis showed that strain S2T is phylogenetically closest to Aquabacterium pictum W35T (98.4% sequence similarity). The genome of strain S2T was 8,039,486 bp with 56 scaffolds. The genome consisted of 10 putative biosynthetic gene clusters that are responsible for various secondary metabolites. Genomic DNA G + C content of strain S2T was 69.4%. The average nucleotide identity and in silico DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain S2T and phylogenetically related taxa were ≤ 77.9 and ≤ 21.4%, and respectively. The results of genotypic and phenotypic data showed that strain S2T could be distinguished from its phylogenetically related species and represents a novel species in the genus Aquabacterium, for which the name Aquabacterium terrae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is S2T (= KCTC 72741 T = NBRC 114609 T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Hari Dahal
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Han
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyosun Lee
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, Republic of Korea
| | - Dhiraj Kumar Chaudhary
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Korea University, Sejong City, 30019, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Uk Kim
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science and Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju, 26339, Republic of Korea.
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15
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Glodowska M, Stopelli E, Straub D, Vu Thi D, Trang PTK, Viet PH, Berg M, Kappler A, Kleindienst S. Arsenic behavior in groundwater in Hanoi (Vietnam) influenced by a complex biogeochemical network of iron, methane, and sulfur cycling. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 407:124398. [PMID: 33213979 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The fate of arsenic (As) in groundwater is determined by multiple interrelated microbial and abiotic processes that contribute to As (im)mobilization. Most studies to date have investigated individual processes related to As (im)mobilization rather than the complex networks present in situ. In this study, we used RNA-based microbial community analysis in combination with groundwater hydrogeochemical measurements to elucidate the behavior of As along a 2 km transect near Hanoi, Vietnam. The transect stretches from the riverbank across a strongly reducing and As-contaminated Holocene aquifer, followed by a redox transition zone (RTZ) and a Pleistocene aquifer, at which As concentrations are low. Our analyses revealed fermentation and methanogenesis as important processes providing electron donors, fueling the microbially mediated reductive dissolution of As-bearing Fe(III) minerals and ultimately promoting As mobilization. As a consequence of high CH4 concentrations, methanotrophs thrive across the Holocene aquifer and the redox transition zone. Finally, our results underline the role of SO42--reducing and putative Fe(II)-/As(III)-oxidizing bacteria as a sink for As, particularly at the RTZ. Overall, our results suggest that a complex network of microbial and biogeochemical processes has to be considered to better understand the biogeochemical behavior of As in groundwater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martyna Glodowska
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Germany; Microbial Ecology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Emiliano Stopelli
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Straub
- Microbial Ecology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Germany; Quantitative Biology Center (QBiC), University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Duyen Vu Thi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety (KLATEFOS), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham T K Trang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety (KLATEFOS), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Pham H Viet
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Technology for Environmental Quality and Food Safety (KLATEFOS), VNU University of Science, Vietnam National University, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Michael Berg
- Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland; UNESCO Chair on Groundwater Arsenic within the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, University of Southern Queensland, Australia
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sara Kleindienst
- Microbial Ecology, Center for Applied Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Germany; Eawag, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland.
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16
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Assil Z, Esegbue O, Mašek O, Gutierrez T, Free A. Specific enrichment of hydrocarbonclastic bacteria from diesel-amended soil on biochar particles. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 762:143084. [PMID: 33131874 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Biochar has been proposed as a suitable biostimulant for the remediation of hydrocarbon contamination, and also has the potential to act as a carrier for hydrocarbonoclastic microorganisms which could bioaugment endogenous microbial communities. However, the evidence regarding the biostimulatory effects of biochars on hydrocarbon bioremediation is somewhat equivocal, possibly due to variability of the physicochemical properties of biochar and soil across studies. Here, we use standard biochars with defined properties produced from softwood pellets (SWP) and rice husk (RH) at pyrolysis temperatures of 550 °C or 700 °C to test the effects of biochar amendment on microbial community composition and hydrocarbon degradation in soil microcosms contaminated with diesel oil. Combining this approach for the first time with specific analysis of microbial community composition using amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), we find that oil contamination causes extreme short-term loss of soil microbial diversity, and highly-specific selection of a limited set of genera defined by 13 ASVs. Biochar ameliorates the short-term loss of diversity, and in the longer term (9 weeks), changes community composition in a type-specific manner. The majority of the 13 selected ASVs are further enriched on biochar particles, although SWP biochars perform better than RH biochar in enrichment of putative hydrocarbonoclastic Aquabacterium spp. However, complete degradation of normal (n) alkanes from the aliphatic hydrocarbon fraction is prevented in the presence of biochar amendment, possibly due to their adsorption onto the char surface. Furthermore, we show that putative hydrocarbon degraders released from diesel-amended soil can subsequently be enriched to high levels on SWP biochar particles in growth medium supplemented with diesel oil as the sole carbon source; these include selected ASVs representing the genera Rhodococcus, Aquabacterium, and Cavicella. This work suggests that use of biochar pre-enriched with endogenous, conditionally-rare hydrocarbon degrading bacteria is a promising strategy for bioaugmentation of diesel-contaminated soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhansaya Assil
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK
| | | | - Ondřej Mašek
- UK Biochar Research Centre, School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK
| | - Tony Gutierrez
- School of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, UK
| | - Andrew Free
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FF, UK.
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17
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Martínez-Campos S, González-Pleiter M, Fernández-Piñas F, Rosal R, Leganés F. Early and differential bacterial colonization on microplastics deployed into the effluents of wastewater treatment plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 757:143832. [PMID: 33246729 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.143832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Microbial colonization of microplastics (MPs) in aquatic ecosystems is a well-known phenomenon; however, there is insufficient knowledge of the early colonization phase. Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents have been proposed as important pathways for MPs entry and transport in aquatic environments and are hotspots of bacterial pathogens and antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). This study aimed at characterizing bacterial communities in the early stage of biofilm formation on seven different types of MPs deployed in two different WWTPs effluents as well as measuring the relative abundance of two ARGs (sulI and tetM) on the tested MPs. Illumina Miseq sequencing of the 16S rRNA showed significant higher diversity of bacteria on MPs in comparison with free-living bacteria in the WWTP effluents. β-diversity analysis showed that the in situ environment (sampling site) and hydrophobicity, to a lesser extent, had a role in the early bacterial colonization phase. An early colonization phase MPs-core microbiome could be identified. Furthermore, specific core microbiomes for each type of polymer suggested that each type might select early attachment of bacteria. Although the tested WWTP effluent waters contained antibiotic resistant bacteria (ARBs) harboring the sulI and tetM ARGs, MPs concentrated ARBs harboring the sulI gene but not tetM. These results highlight the relevance of the early attachment phase in the development of bacterial biofilms on different types of MP polymers and the role that different types of polymers might have facilitating the attachment of specific bacteria, some of which might carry ARGs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sergio Martínez-Campos
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, E-28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel González-Pleiter
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisca Fernández-Piñas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roberto Rosal
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Physical Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, E-28871, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Leganés
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, E-28049, Madrid, Spain.
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18
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Liu Q, Adler K, Lipus D, Kämpf H, Bussert R, Plessen B, Schulz HM, Krauze P, Horn F, Wagner D, Mangelsdorf K, Alawi M. Microbial Signatures in Deep CO 2-Saturated Miocene Sediments of the Active Hartoušov Mofette System (NW Czech Republic). Front Microbiol 2020; 11:543260. [PMID: 33381087 PMCID: PMC7768021 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.543260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Hartoušov mofette system is a natural CO2 degassing site in the central Cheb Basin (Eger Rift, Central Europe). In early 2016 a 108 m deep core was obtained from this system to investigate the impact of ascending mantle-derived CO2 on indigenous deep microbial communities and their surrounding life habitat. During drilling, a CO2 blow out occurred at a depth of 78.5 meter below surface (mbs) suggesting a CO2 reservoir associated with a deep low-permeable CO2-saturated saline aquifer at the transition from Early Miocene terrestrial to lacustrine sediments. Past microbial communities were investigated by hopanoids and glycerol dialkyl glycerol tetraethers (GDGTs) reflecting the environmental conditions during the time of deposition rather than showing a signal of the current deep biosphere. The composition and distribution of the deep microbial community potentially stimulated by the upward migration of CO2 starting during Mid Pleistocene time was investigated by intact polar lipids (IPLs), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) analysis. The deep biosphere is characterized by microorganisms that are linked to the distribution and migration of the ascending CO2-saturated groundwater and the availability of organic matter instead of being linked to single lithological units of the investigated rock profile. Our findings revealed high relative abundances of common soil and water bacteria, in particular the facultative, anaerobic and potential iron-oxidizing Acidovorax and other members of the family Comamonadaceae across the whole recovered core. The results also highlighted the frequent detection of the putative sulfate-oxidizing and CO2-fixating genus Sulfuricurvum at certain depths. A set of new IPLs are suggested to be indicative for microorganisms associated to CO2 accumulation in the mofette system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liu
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Karsten Adler
- Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany.,Section Organic Geochemistry, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Daniel Lipus
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Horst Kämpf
- Section Organic Geochemistry, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Robert Bussert
- Section Applied Geochemistry, Institute of Applied Geosciences, Technische Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Plessen
- Section Climate Dynamics and Landscape Evolution, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Hans-Martin Schulz
- Section Organic Geochemistry, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Patryk Krauze
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Fabian Horn
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Dirk Wagner
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany.,Institute of Geosciences, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Kai Mangelsdorf
- Section Organic Geochemistry, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Mashal Alawi
- Section Geomicrobiology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, Potsdam, Germany
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19
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Lequette K, Ait-Mouheb N, Wéry N. Hydrodynamic effect on biofouling of milli-labyrinth channel and bacterial communities in drip irrigation systems fed with reclaimed wastewater. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 738:139778. [PMID: 32531594 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The clogging of drippers due to the development of biofilms reduces the benefits and is an obstacle to the implementation of drip irrigation technology in a reclaimed water context. The narrow section and labyrinth geometry of the dripper channel results the development of a heterogeneous flow behaviours with the vortex zones which it enhance the fouling mechanisms. The objective of this study was to analyse the influence of the three dripper types, defined by their geometric and hydraulic parameters, fed with reclaimed wastewater, on the biofouling kinetics and the bacterial communities. Using optical coherence tomography, we demonstrated that the inlet of the drippers (mainly the first baffle) and vortex zones are the most sensitive area for biofouling. Drippers with the lowest Reynolds number and average cross-section velocity v (1 l·h-1) were the most sensible to biofouling, even if detachment events seemed more frequent in this dripper type. Therefore, dripper flow path with larger v should be consider to improve the anti-clogging performance. In addition, the dripper type and the geometry of the flow path influenced the structure of the bacterial communities from dripper biofilms. Relative abundancy of filamentous bacteria belonging to Chloroflexi phylum was higher in 1 l·h-1 drippers, which presented a higher level of biofouling. However, further research on the role of this phylum in dripper biofouling is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Lequette
- INRAE, University of Montpellier, LBE, 102, Avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France; INRAE, University of Montpellier, UMR G-Eau Avenue Jean-François Breton, 34000 Montpellier, France.
| | - Nassim Ait-Mouheb
- INRAE, University of Montpellier, UMR G-Eau Avenue Jean-François Breton, 34000 Montpellier, France
| | - Nathalie Wéry
- INRAE, University of Montpellier, LBE, 102, Avenue des Etangs, 11100 Narbonne, France
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20
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Wang L, Luo Z, Zhen Z, Yan Y, Yan C, Ma X, Sun L, Wang M, Zhou X, Hu A. Bacterial community colonization on tire microplastics in typical urban water environments and associated impacting factors. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 265:114922. [PMID: 32554087 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2020] [Revised: 05/17/2020] [Accepted: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Only limited information is available on bacterial communities' dynamics on tire microplastics in urban water environments. This study exploited 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing to characterize bacterial communities on tire microplastics, using three different tire brands and tire sizes, in two typical urban water environments, including an influent pond of constructed wetland (CW) and its subsequent effluent into a landscape river (LR) during three different periods, namely, 1 month, 3 and 6 months. Results showed that the abundance of bacterial colonization on tire microplastics will increase over time. Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes were the dominant bacteria at a phylum level, although they exhibited dynamic changes. At a genus level, the identifiable bacteria found in tire microplastics was generally the common bacteria in wastewater discharge, such as Aquabacterium and Denitratisoma. Additionally, alpha diversity showed no significant differences in bacterial communities at the same locations. While beta diversity showed that the bacterial communities on the tire microplastics in the two locations was different. BugBase revealed that tire microplastics could support pathogenic bacteria in urban water environments. PICRUSt (Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States) indicated that the abundance of microorganisms associated with metabolism and degradation increased with time. Moreover, the ambient environmental factors were the main influencing factors of bacterial communities on tire microplastics. Herein, the contribution rate of nutrient salts (NO2-N, NO3-N, NH4-N, CODcr) was approximately 63%, and that of environmental physical factors of T and pH was 50%. While physicochemical factors, including particle size, contact angle, element content only had a slight impact. Accordingly, tire microplastics, as an emerging environmental pollutant, can act as carries for bacterial colonization and propagation, particularly harmful microorganisms. Therefore, the obtained findings can provide new insight into potential risks of harmful microorganisms that colonize tire microplastics in urban water environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Zhuanxi Luo
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China.
| | - Zhuo Zhen
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Yu Yan
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Changzhou Yan
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Xiaofei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Lang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Mei Wang
- College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China
| | - Xinyi Zhou
- College of Chemical Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen, 361021, China
| | - Anyi Hu
- Key Laboratory of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen, 361021, China
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Shen Q, Ji F, Wei J, Fang D, Zhang Q, Jiang L, Cai A, Kuang L. The influence mechanism of temperature on solid phase denitrification based on denitrification performance, carbon balance, and microbial analysis. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 732:139333. [PMID: 32438161 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.139333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, the influence mechanism of temperature on solid phase denitrification (SPD) was investigated using a pilot-scale reactor supported with polycaprolactone (PCL). The results showed that under nitrate loads of ~31.5 mg N/(L·h), as temperature decreased from 30 °C to 13 °C, the nitrate removal efficiency declined from 94% to 57%. Furthermore, denitrification rate constants were input into Arrhenius equation and the resulting temperature coefficient was 1.04. Significantly nitrite accumulation and less effluent COD residue occurred at low-temperatures. Via stoichiometry, the sludge yield coefficient and COD demand for nitrate removal both increased as a function of increasing temperature; and were calculated at 20 °C as 0.069 g MLVSS/(g COD·d) and 3.265 g COD/g N, respectively. Carbon balance analysis indicated that the COD release rate (υ) at 30 °C was twice that at 13 °C. LEfSe analysis demonstrated that Desulfomicrobium, Desulfovibrio, and Meganema were abundant at low-temperature, while Simplicispira, Aquabacterium, and Acidovorax were enriched at high-temperature. Besides, carboxylesterase (PCL depolymerase) was more abundant at high-temperature, implying an association with a fast υ. Moreover, nar was enriched at low-temperature, while nir was depleted, which led to nitrite accumulation. These results provide reference for SPD design parameter estimation and/or optimal operation strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Shen
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Fangying Ji
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
| | - Jiazhi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Dexin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Anrong Cai
- Chongqing Yuxi Water Co., Ltd, Chongqing 402160, China
| | - Li Kuang
- Chongqing Gangli Environmental Protection Co., Ltd, Chongqing 404100, China
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22
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Jroundi F, Descostes M, Povedano-Priego C, Sánchez-Castro I, Suvannagan V, Grizard P, Merroun ML. Profiling native aquifer bacteria in a uranium roll-front deposit and their role in biogeochemical cycle dynamics: Insights regarding in situ recovery mining. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 721:137758. [PMID: 32179349 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2020] [Revised: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2020] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A uranium-mineralized sandy aquifer, planned for mining by means of uranium in situ recovery (U ISR), harbors a reservoir of bacterial life that may influence the biogeochemical cycles surrounding uranium roll-front deposits. Since microorganisms play an important role at all stages of U ISR, a better knowledge of the resident bacteria before any ISR actuations is essential to face environmental quality assessment. The focus here was on the characterization of bacteria residing in an aquifer surrounding a uranium roll-front deposit that forms part of an ISR facility project at Zoovch Ovoo (Mongolia). Water samples were collected following the natural redox zonation inherited in the native aquifer, including the mineralized orebody, as well as compartments located both upstream (oxidized waters) and downstream (reduced waters) of this area. An imposed chemical zonation for all sensitive redox elements through the roll-front system was observed. In addition, high-throughput sequencing data showed that the bacterial community structure was shaped by the redox gradient and oxygen availability. Several interesting bacteria were identified, including sulphate-reducing (e.g. Desulfovibrio, Nitrospira), iron-reducing (e.g. Gallionella, Sideroxydans), iron-oxidizing (e.g. Rhodobacter, Albidiferax, Ferribacterium), and nitrate-reducing bacteria (e.g. Pseudomonas, Aquabacterium), which may also be involved in metal reduction (e.g. Desulfovibrio, Ferribacterium, Pseudomonas, Albidiferax, Caulobacter, Zooglea). Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) and co-occurrence patterns confirmed strong correlations among the bacterial genera, suggesting either shared/preferred environmental conditions or the performance of similar/complementary functions. As a whole, the bacterial community residing in each aquifer compartment would appear to define an ecologically functional ecosystem, containing suitable microorganisms (e.g. acidophilic bacteria) prone to promote the remediation of the acidified aquifer by natural attenuation. Assessing the composition and structure of the aquifer's native bacteria is a prerequisite for understanding natural attenuation and predicting the role of bacterial input in improving ISR efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadwa Jroundi
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Cristina Povedano-Priego
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | - Iván Sánchez-Castro
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
| | | | - Pierre Grizard
- ORANO Mining, 125 avenue de Paris, F-92330 Châtillon, France.
| | - Mohamed L Merroun
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, 18071 Granada, Spain.
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Kadoya R, Tanaka N, Fujita N, Shiwa Y, Taguchi S. Changed bacterial community in the river water samples upon introduction of biodegradable poly(3-hydroxybutyrate). Polym Degrad Stab 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2020.109144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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24
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Chen WM, Chen TY, Kwon SW, Sheu SY. Aquabacterium lacunae sp. nov., isolated from a freshwater pond. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2888-2895. [PMID: 32213255 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel bacterial strain, designated KMB7T, isolated from a freshwater pond in Taiwan, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Cells were Gram-stain-negative, motile by means of a single polar flagellum, rod-shaped and formed cream colonies. Optimal growth occurred at 25 °C, pH 7, and in the absence of NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and an up-to-date bacterial core gene set (92 protein clusters) indicated that strain KMB7T is affiliated with species in the genus Aquabacterium. The 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity indicated that strain KMB7T is closely related to species within the genus Aquabacterium (95.2-97.6 % sequence similarity) and is most similar to A. fontiphilum CS-6T (97.6 %), followed by A. parvum B6T (97.5 %). The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization identity between strain KMB7T and the closely related strains were 74.6-78.0 % and 19.0-21.2 %, respectively. The major fatty acids of strain KMB7T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1 ω7c and/or C16 : 1 ω6c), C18 : 1 ω7c and C16 : 0. The polar lipid profile consisted of a mixture of phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine, diphosphatidylglycerol and four unidentified phospholipids. The sole isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-8 (Q-8). Genomic DNA G+C content of strain KMB7T was 65.4 %. On the basis of phenotypic and genotypic properties and phylogenetic inference, strain KMB7T should be classified in a novel species of the genus Aquabacterium, for which the name Aquabacterium lacunae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KMB7T (=BCRC 81156T=LMG 30924T=KCTC 62867T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Ming Chen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC, Kaohsiung City 811
| | - Tzu-Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Seafood Science, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC, Kaohsiung City 811
| | - Soon-Wo Kwon
- Agricultural Microbiology Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gunJeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Shih-Yi Sheu
- Department of Marine Biotechnology, National Kaohsiung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, ROC, Kaohsiung City 811
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25
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Medina-Pascual MJ, Monzón S, Villalón P, Cuesta I, González-Romo F, Valdezate S. Saezia sanguinis gen. nov., sp. nov., a Betaproteobacteria member of order Burkholderiales, isolated from human blood. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2016-2025. [PMID: 32003711 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The taxonomic position of an unknown bacterial strain designated CNM695-12, isolated from the blood of an immunocompromised subject, was investigated via phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, genotypic and genomic analyses. Bacterial cells were determined to be Gram-stain-negative bacilli, aerobic, non-motile and non-spore-forming. The strain showed catalase activity but no oxidase activity. Optimal growth occurred at 37 °C, pH 7 and with 0-1 % NaCl. C16 : 0, summed feature 8 (comprising C18 : 1ω7c /C18:1 ω6c), and C18 : 1ω9c were the most abundant fatty acids, and ubiquinone 8 was the major respiratory quinone. The polar lipids present included phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and other aminophospholipids. The 16S rRNA gene sequence showed approximately 93.5 % similarity to those of different species with validly published names within the order Burkholderiales (e.g. Leptothrix mobilis Feox-1T, Aquabacterium commune B8T , Aquabacterium citratiphilum B4T and Schlegelella thermodepolymerans K14T). Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences and concatenated alignments including the sequences for 107 essential proteins, revealed the strain to form a novel lineage close to members of the family Comamonadaceae. The highest average nucleotide identity and average amino acid identity values were obtained with Schlegelella thermodepolymerans K14T (69.6 and 55.7 % respectively). The genome, with a size of 3.35 Mb, had a DNA G+C content of 52.4 mol% and encoded 3056 predicted genes, 3 rRNA, 1 transfer-messengerRNA and 51 tRNA. Strain CNM695-12 thus represents a novel species belonging to a novel genus within the order Burkholderiales, for which the name Saezia sanguinis gen. nov., sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is CNM695-12T (=DSM 104959T=CECT 9208T).
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Affiliation(s)
- María J Medina-Pascual
- Laboratorio de Referencia e Investigación en Taxonomía. Centro Nacional de Microbiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Sara Monzón
- Unidad de Bioinformática (BU-ISCIII). Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Pilar Villalón
- Laboratorio de Referencia e Investigación en Taxonomía. Centro Nacional de Microbiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | - Isabel Cuesta
- Unidad de Bioinformática (BU-ISCIII). Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Sylvia Valdezate
- Laboratorio de Referencia e Investigación en Taxonomía. Centro Nacional de Microbiología. Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Madrid, Spain
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26
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Assenmacher DM, Fields SD, Crupper SS. Comparison of Commercial Kits for Recovery and Analysis of Bacterial DNA From Fingerprints. J Forensic Sci 2020; 65:1310-1314. [PMID: 31985836 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In forensic science, fingerprints are a common source of evidentiary information. However, latent examination is not always successful and trace human DNA cannot always be obtained. Thus, examining the fingerprint microbiome may offer a suitable alternative to more traditional methods of forensic identification. The Zymo Research ZR Bacterial/Fungal DNA MicroPrep™ Kit, Qiagen QIAmp® DNA Mini Kit, Promega Wizard® Genomic DNA Purification Kit, and the MPBio FastDNA® Spin Kit were compared for their ability to yield a sufficient amount of bacterial DNA for next-generation sequencing in order to obtain a microbiome profile. Prints were deposited onto slides, allowed to sit for up to 1 month, and total DNA isolated and quantified using each kit. The kit from Zymo Research yielded the most concentrated DNA sample (0.0084 ng/µL) in the least amount of time as compared to other kits examined. Although this amount of DNA was far below the recommended DNA concentration threshold recommended for next-generation sequencing, a microbiome profile was successfully obtained. As interest in using the microbiome of an individual as a forensic tool continues to increase, there is the possibility that the microbiome of a fingerprint could complement traditional human DNA profiling in the future. This study provides evidence that trace amounts of bacterial DNA from fingerprints is quantifiable and sufficient for microbiome analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel M Assenmacher
- Department of Biological Sciences, Masters of Science in Forensic Science Program, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS, 66856
| | - Stephen D Fields
- Department of Biological Sciences, Masters of Science in Forensic Science Program, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS, 66856
| | - Scott S Crupper
- Department of Biological Sciences, Masters of Science in Forensic Science Program, Emporia State University, 1 Kellogg Circle, Emporia, KS, 66856
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27
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Huang Y, Wang Y, Liu S, Huang W, He L, Zhou J. Enhanced hydrolysis-acidification of high-solids and low-organic-content sludge by biological thermal-alkaline synergism. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 294:122234. [PMID: 31610488 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.122234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 09/29/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a biological thermal-alkaline synergistic system was successfully established to enhance the hydrolysis-acidification efficiency of high-solids and low-organic-content sludge (HS-LOC-S). The results indicated that the highest hydrolysis rate was obtained at pH of 12 (52.62%) leading to the highest production of soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD) and soluble protein (SP). The highest acidification rate was observed at pH of 10 (32.15%), leading to the highest production of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). At pH of 10, average sludge size reduced by 24.60%, and the proportion of biodegradable dissolved organic matter (DOM) produced by synergistic system increased by 15.82%, when compared with those of raw sludge. Moreover, results of 16S rRNA clearly validated that the relative abundance of hydrolytic and acidogenic microbes (e.g. Tepidimicrobium, Coprothermobacter) abundantly enriched at pH of 10 (49.88%) was greatly higher than others, which was the main reason for its maximum VFAs accumulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangyang Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Yingmu Wang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Shihu Liu
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Lei He
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, PR China.
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28
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Hirose S, Tank M, Hara E, Tamaki H, Mori K, Takaichi S, Haruta S, Hanada S. Aquabacterium pictum sp. nov., the first aerobic bacteriochlorophyll a-containing fresh water bacterium in the genus Aquabacterium of the class Betaproteobacteria. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 70:596-603. [PMID: 31622237 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
A strictly aerobic, bacteriochlorophyll a-containing betaproteobacterium, designated strain W35T, was isolated from a biofilm sampled at Tama River in Japan. The non-motile and rod-shaped cells formed pink-beige pigmented colonies on agar plates containing organic compounds, and showed an in vivo absorption maximum at 871 nm in the near-infrared region, typical for the presence of bacteriochlorophyll a. The new bacterial strain is Gram-negative, and oxidase- and catalase-positive. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence showed that strain W35T was closely related to species in the genus Aquabacterium. The closest phylogenetic relatives of strain W35T were Aquabacterium commune B8T (97.9 % sequence similarity), Aquabacterium citratiphilum B4T (97.2 %) and Aquabacterium limnoticum ABP-4T (97.0 %). The major cellular fatty acids were C16 : 1ω7c (50.4 %), C16 : 0 (22.7 %), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c; 9.7 %), C18 : 3ω6c (5.5 %), C12 : 0 (5.3 %) and C10 : 0 3OH (2.7 %). The respiratory quinone was ubiquinone-8. Predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and diphosphatidylglycerol. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 70.4 mol% (genome data) and 71.4 mol% (HPLC). The genome size of strain W35T is 6.1 Mbp and average nucleotide identity analysis indicated genome similarities of strain W35T and related Aquabacterium type strains to be 78-79 %. The results of polyphasic comparisons showed that strain W35T was clearly distinguishable from other members of the genus Aquabacterium. Therefore, we propose a new species in the genus Aquabacterium, namely, Aquabacterium pictum sp. nov. The type strain is W35T (=DSM 106757T=NBRC 111963T). The description of the genus Aquabacterium is also emended.
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Affiliation(s)
- Setsuko Hirose
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1, Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Marcus Tank
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1, Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Eri Hara
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Tamaki
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1, Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8566, Japan
| | - Koji Mori
- NITE Biological Resource Center (NBRC), National Institute of Technology and Evaluation (NITE), 2-5-8, Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba, 292-0818, Japan
| | - Shinichi Takaichi
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Tokyo University of Agriculture, 1-1-1, Sakuragaoka, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo, 156-8502, Japan
| | - Shin Haruta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1, Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
| | - Satoshi Hanada
- Department of Biological Sciences, Tokyo Metropolitan University, 1-1, Minami-Osawa, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0397, Japan
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Occurrence and Succession of Bacterial Community in O 3/BAC Process of Drinking Water Treatment. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2019; 16:ijerph16173112. [PMID: 31461864 PMCID: PMC6747196 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16173112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2019] [Revised: 08/20/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the drinking water industry, a common advanced treatment process is comprised of treatment with ozone, followed by biological-activated carbon (O3/BAC). However, the bacterial community formation and succession procedures associated with activated carbon have rarely been reported. In this study, the dynamics of bacterial communities at three different depths were investigated using a pilot-scale O3/BAC filter. The average chemical oxygen demand (CODMn), turbidity removal and dissolved oxygen (DO) consumption rate of the filter were 26.43%, 16.57% and 16.4% during the operation period, respectively. Bacterial communities dominated by proteobacteria and Bacteroidetes attached on activated carbon were determined by polymerase chain reaction-density gradient gel electrophoresis (PCR-DGGE). Principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the compositions and structures of bacterial communities in different layers clustered after fluctuation. A redundancy analysis (RDA) indicated that Ramlibacter henchirensis was positively correlated to chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) removal and nitrate-N removal, and Georgfuchsia toluolica also showed a positive correlation with CODMn removal. Aquabacterium parvum and Phaeobacterium nitratireducens were positively-correlated with turbidity removal. Pedobacter glucosidilyticus and Pseudomonas sp. were associated with high dissolved oxygen (DO) consumption. These results provide insight into the succession characteristics of the bacterial community of O3/BAC treatment and the interactions of the bacterial community with filter operation performance.
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Foysal MJ, Fotedar R, Tay CY, Gupta SK. Dietary supplementation of black soldier fly ( Hermetica illucens) meal modulates gut microbiota, innate immune response and health status of marron ( Cherax cainii, Austin 2002) fed poultry-by-product and fishmeal based diets. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6891. [PMID: 31149398 PMCID: PMC6534111 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to evaluate the dietary supplementary effects of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) (BSF) meal on the bacterial communities in the distal gut, immune response and growth of freshwater crayfish, marron (Cherax cainii) fed poultry-by-product meal (PBM) as an alternative protein source to fish meal (FM). A total of 64 marron were randomly distributed into 16 different tanks with a density of four marron per tank. After acclimation, a 60-days feeding trial was conducted on marron fed isonitrogenouts and isocalorific diets containing protein source from FM, PBM, and a combination of FM + BSF and PBM + BSF. At the end of the trial, weight gain and growth of marron were found independent of any dietary treatment, however, the two diets supplemented with BSF significantly (P < 0.05) enhanced haemolymph osmolality, lysozyme activity, total haemocyte counts, and protein and energy contents in the tail muscle. In addition, the analysis of microbiota and its predicted metabolic pathways via 16s rRNA revealed a significantly (P < 0.05) higher bacterial activity and gene function correlated to biosynthesis of protein, energy and secondary metabolites in PBM + BSF than other dietary groups. Diets FM + BSF and PBM + BSF were seen to be associated with an up-regulation of cytokine genes in the intestinal tissue of marron. Overall, PBM + BSF diet proved to be a superior diet in terms of improved health status, gut microbiota and up-regulated expression of cytokine genes for marron culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Javed Foysal
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.,Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh
| | - Ravi Fotedar
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Chin-Yen Tay
- Helicobacter Research Laboratory, Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease Research and Training, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Sanjay Kumar Gupta
- School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia.,ICAR-Indian Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Ranchi, Jharkhand, India
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31
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Neupane S, Modry D, Pafčo B, Zurek L. Bacterial Community of the Digestive Tract of the European Medicinal Leech (Hirudo verbana) from the Danube River. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2019; 77:1082-1090. [PMID: 30806729 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-019-01349-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The digestive tract of medicinal leeches from commercial suppliers has been investigated previously and comprises of a relatively simple bacterial community. However, the microbiome of medicinal leeches collected directly from the natural habitat has not been examined. In this study, we characterized the bacterial community in the digestive tract (anterior crop, posterior crop, and intestine) of the European medicinal leech, Hirudo verbana, collected from the Danube river using culture-independent and culture-dependent approaches. Culture-independent approach confirmed that the digestive tract of H. verbana carries a relatively simple bacterial community with species richness in the individual samples ranging from 43 to164. The dominant bacterial taxon was Mucinivorans sp. (49.7% of total reads), followed by Aeromonas sp. (18.7% of total reads). Several low abundance taxa, new for H. verbana, such as Phreatobacter, Taibaiella, Fluviicola, Aquabacterium, Burkholderia, Hydrogenophaga, Wolinella, and unidentified Chitinophagia, were also detected. The aerobic culturing approach showed Aeromonas veronii (Proteobacteria), the known leech symbiont, as the most dominant taxon followed by several Pseudomonas and Acidovorax spp. No significant differences in the bacterial community composition were detected among different parts of the digestive tract of individual leeches. However, the overall composition of the bacterial community among individual specimen varied significantly and this is possibly due to differences in leech age, feeding status, and blood source. Our results showed that the core bacterial community of H. verbana collected from the natural habitat is similar to that reported from the digestive tract of commercially supplied leeches maintained in the laboratory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saraswoti Neupane
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA
| | - David Modry
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Barbora Pafčo
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ludek Zurek
- Department of Entomology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, USA.
- Department of Pathology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic.
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic.
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32
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Han Y, Zhang W, Yu X, Yu P, Xiao B, Yi H. Effects of tetrakis (hydroxymethyl) phosphonium sulfate pretreatment on characteristics of sewage sludge. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 78:174-182. [PMID: 30665636 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2018.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 08/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Recently, tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate (THPS) was found to play an important role in the sludge pretreatment process. However, the effects of THPS pretreatment on the characteristics of sewage sludge are still insufficiently understood. The properties of sludge after pretreatment with different concentrations of THPS were investigated in this study. The results showed that pH, dewatering ability, and particle size of sludge decreased with increase in THPS concentration. The volatile suspended solids (VSS) and total suspended solids (TSS) of sludge also decreased slightly with increase in THPS concentration. The specific oxygen uptake rate (SOUR) results suggested that lower THPS concentrations (≤1.87 mg/g VSS) enhanced the activity of sludge, but higher concentrations (≥1.87 mg/g VSS) inhibited it. Gram-negative bacteria with peritrichous flagellation (such as Pseudomonas, Escherichia, and Faecalibacterium) were extremely sensitive to THPS. The decrease in specific most probable numbers (MPNs) of pathogens (total coliforms and Escherichia coli) with the increase in THPS concentration also proved the sterilization ability of THPS in the sludge pretreatment process. Pretreatment of sludge with concentrations of THPS higher than 37.41 mg/g VSS would meet the pathogen requirements for land application of Class A biosolids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunping Han
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wenzhe Zhang
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiao Yu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Panfen Yu
- College of Textiles and Clothing, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China
| | - Benyi Xiao
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Hao Yi
- South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China.
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Lequette K, Ait-Mouheb N, Wéry N. Drip irrigation biofouling with treated wastewater: bacterial selection revealed by high-throughput sequencing. BIOFOULING 2019; 35:217-229. [PMID: 30935236 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2019.1591377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Clogging of drippers due to the development of biofilms weakens the advantages and impedes the implementation of drip irrigation technology. The objective of this study was to characterise the bacterial community of biofilms that develop in a drip irrigation system supplied with treated wastewater. High-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA gene amplicons indicated that the bacterial community composition differed between drippers and pipes, mainly due to changes in the abundance of the genus Aquabacterium. Cyanobacteria were found to be involved in the biological fouling of drippers. Moreover, bacterial genera including opportunistic pathogenic bacteria such as Legionella and Pseudomonas were more abundant in dripper and pipe biofilms than in the incoming water. Some genera such as Pseudomonas were mostly recovered from drippers, while others (ie Bacillus, Brevundimonas) mainly occurred in pipes. Variations in the hydraulic conditions and properties of the materials likely explain the shift in bacterial communities observed between pipes and drippers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Lequette
- a LBE, Univ Montpellier, INRA , Narbonne , France
- b IRSTEA, UMR G-EAU, University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France
| | - Nassim Ait-Mouheb
- b IRSTEA, UMR G-EAU, University of Montpellier , Montpellier , France
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Thermal Stability of a Mercuric Reductase from the Red Sea Atlantis II Hot Brine Environment as Analyzed by Site-Directed Mutagenesis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2019; 85:AEM.02387-18. [PMID: 30446558 DOI: 10.1128/aem.02387-18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The lower convective layer (LCL) of the Atlantis II brine pool of the Red Sea is a unique environment in terms of high salinity, temperature, and high concentrations of heavy metals. Mercuric reductase enzymes functional in such extreme conditions could be considered a potential tool in the environmental detoxification of mercurial poisoning and might alleviate ecological hazards in the mining industry. Here, we constructed a mercuric reductase library from Atlantis II, from which we identified genes encoding two thermostable mercuric reductase (MerA) isoforms: one is halophilic (designated ATII-LCL) while the other is not (designated ATII-LCL-NH). The ATII-LCL MerA has a short motif composed of four aspartic acids (4D414-417) and two characteristic signature boxes that played a crucial role in its thermal stability. To further understand the mechanism behind the thermostability of the two studied enzymes, we mutated the isoform ATII-LCL-NH and found that the substitution of 2 aspartic acids (2D) at positions 415 and 416 enhanced the thermal stability, while other mutations had the opposite effect. The 2D mutant showed superior thermal tolerance, as it retained 81% of its activity after 10 min of incubation at 70°C. A three-dimensional structure prediction revealed newly formed salt bridges and H bonds in the 2D mutant compared to the parent molecule. To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to rationally design a mercuric reductase with enhanced thermal stability, which we propose to have a strong potential in the bioremediation of mercurial poisoning.IMPORTANCE The Red Sea is an attractive environment for bioprospecting. There are 25 brine-filled deeps in the Red Sea. The Atlantis II brine pool is the biggest and hottest of such hydrothermal ecosystems. We generated an environmental mercuric reductase library from the lowermost layer of the Atlantis II brine pool, in which we identified two variants of the mercuric reductase enzyme (MerA). One is the previously described halophilic and thermostable ATII-LCL MerA and the other is a nonhalophilic relatively less thermostable enzyme, designated ATII-LCL-NH MerA. We used the ATII-LCL-NH enzyme as a parent molecule to locate the amino acid residues involved in the noticeably higher thermotolerance of the homolog ATII-LCL MerA. Moreover, we designed a novel enzyme with superior thermal stability. This enzyme might have strong potential in the bioremediation of mercuric toxicity.
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35
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Succession Patterns and Physical Niche Partitioning in Microbial Communities from Subsurface Coal Seams. iScience 2019; 12:152-167. [PMID: 30685711 PMCID: PMC6354743 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The subsurface represents a largely unexplored frontier in microbiology. Here, coal seams present something of an oasis for microbial life, providing moisture, warmth, and abundant fossilized organic material. Microbes in coal seams are thought to syntrophically mobilize fossilized carbon from the geosphere to the biosphere. Despite the environmental and economic importance of this process, little is known about the microbial ecology of coal seams. In the current study, ecological succession and spatial niche partitioning are explored in three coal seam microbial communities. Scanning electron microscopic visualization and 16S rRNA sequencing track changes in microbial communities over time, revealing distinct attached and planktonic communities displaying patterns of ecological succession. Attachment to the coal surface is biofilm mediated on Surat coal, whereas microbes on Sydney and Gunnedah coal show different attachment processes. This study demonstrates that coal seam microbial communities undergo spatial niche partitioning during periods of succession as microbes colonize coal environments. Coal surfaces and waters have distinctly different microbial communities Microbes attach to coal surfaces via multiple adhesion strategies Adhesion strategies include biofilm formation and direct cell attachment Coal microbe succession patterns provide insights into possible community roles
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36
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Zhou ZC, Feng WQ, Han Y, Zheng J, Chen T, Wei YY, Gillings M, Zhu YG, Chen H. Prevalence and transmission of antibiotic resistance and microbiota between humans and water environments. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2018; 121:1155-1161. [PMID: 30420129 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2018.10.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The transmission routes for antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) and microbiota between humans and water environments is poorly characterized. Here, we used high-throughput qPCR analyses and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to examine the occurrence and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes and microbiota in both healthy humans and associated water environments from a Chinese village. Humans carried the most diverse assemblage of ARGs, with 234 different ARGs being detected. The total abundance of ARGs in feces, on skin, and in the effluent from domestic sewage treatment systems were approximately 23, 2, and 7 times higher than their abundance in river samples. In total, 53 ARGs and 28 bacteria genera that were present in human feces could also be found in the influent and effluent of rural sewage treatment systems, and also downstream of the effluent release point. We identified the bacterial taxa that showed a significant association with ARGs (P < 0.01, r > 0.8) by network analysis, supporting the idea that these bacteria could carry some ARGs and transfer between humans and the environment. Analysis of ARGs and microbiota in humans and in water environments helps to define the transmission routes and dynamics of antibiotic resistance within these environments. This study highlights human contribution to the load of ARGs into the environment and suggests means to prevent such dissemination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Chao Zhou
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Wan-Qiu Feng
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yue Han
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ji Zheng
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tao Chen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Wei
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Michael Gillings
- Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2019, Australia
| | - Yong-Guan Zhu
- Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health, Institute of Urban Environment, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Hong Chen
- Institute of Environmental Technology, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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Horton DJ, Cooper MJ, Wing AJ, Kourtev PS, Uzarski DG, Learman DR. Microbial subnetworks related to short-term diel O2 fluxes within geochemically distinct freshwater wetlands. FEMS Microbiol Lett 2018; 365:5184454. [PMID: 30445437 DOI: 10.1093/femsle/fny269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxygen (O2) concentrations often fluctuate over diel timescales within wetlands, driven by temperature, sunlight, photosynthesis and respiration. These daily fluxes have been shown to impact biogeochemical transformations (e.g. denitrification), which are mediated by the residing microbial community. However, little is known about how resident microbial communities respond to diel physical and chemical fluxes in freshwater wetland ecosystems. In this study, total microbial (bacterial and archaeal) community structure was significantly related to diel time points in just one out of four distinct freshwater wetlands sampled. This suggests that daily environmental shifts may influence wetlands differentially based upon the resident microbial community and specific physical and chemical conditions of a freshwater wetland. When exploring the microbial communities within each wetland at finer resolutions, subcommunities of taxa within two wetlands were found to correspond to fluctuating O2 levels. Microbial taxa that were found to be susceptible to fluctuating O2 levels within these subnetworks may have intimate ties to metabolism and/or diel redox cycles. This study highlights that freshwater wetland microbial communities are often stable in community structure when confronted with short-term O2 fluxes; however, specialist taxa may be sensitive to these same fluxes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean J Horton
- Institute for Great Lakes Research, CMU Biological Station, and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Matthew J Cooper
- Mary Griggs Burke Center for Freshwater Innovation, Northland College, Ashland, WI 54806, USA
| | - Anthony J Wing
- Institute for Great Lakes Research, CMU Biological Station, and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Peter S Kourtev
- Institute for Great Lakes Research, CMU Biological Station, and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Donald G Uzarski
- Institute for Great Lakes Research, CMU Biological Station, and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
| | - Deric R Learman
- Institute for Great Lakes Research, CMU Biological Station, and Department of Biology, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, USA
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38
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Khan IU, Habib N, Asem MD, Salam N, Xiao M, Zhou EM, Zhi XY, Li WJ. Aquabacterium tepidiphilum sp. nov., a moderately thermophilic bacterium isolated from a hot spring. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 69:337-342. [PMID: 30403585 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.003103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-negative, aerobic, non-spore-forming and rod-shaped bacterium, designated YIM 730274T, was isolated from a sediment sample collected from a hot spring located in Tibet, PR China, and was characterized by using a polyphasic taxonomy approach. Cells were motile by means of a polar flagellum. The strain was oxidase- and catalase-positive, and contained polyalkanoates and polyphosphate as storage polymers. Growth occurred at 25-50 °C, at pH 6.0-8.5 and with 0.5-1.0 % NaCl. The major fatty acids (>10 %) were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω6c and/or C16 : 1ω7c), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c and/or C18 : 1ω6c) and C16 : 0. The known polar lipids comprised of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylserine. The isoprenoid quinone was Q-8. The G+C content of genomic DNA was 70.7 mol%. The results of phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain forms a monophyletic branch at the periphery of the evolutionary radiation occupied by the genus Aquabacterium in the class Betaproteobacteria. The most closely related phylogenetic neighbours were Aquabacterium limnoticumABP-4T (97.8 % 16S rRNA gene sequence identity) and Aquabacterium communeB8T (97.2 % 16SrRNA gene sequence identity). DNA-DNA relatedness values between YIM 730274T and A. limnoticum KCTC 23306T (46.4±0.4 %) and A. commune DSM 11901T (42.2±1.2 %) were well below the 70 % limit for species identification. YIM 730274T was distinguishable from other members of the genus Aquabacterium by the differences in phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characteristics. YIM 730274T merits recognition as a representative of a novel species of the genus Aquabacterium. It is proposed that the isolate should be classified in the genus Aquabacterium as representing a novel species, Aquabacteriumtepidiphilum sp. nov. The type strain is YIM 730274T (=KCTC 52716T=CCTCC AB 2016295T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Inam Ullah Khan
- 1Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China.,2Department of Biological Sciences, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KPK, Pakistan
| | - Neeli Habib
- 1Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China
| | - Mipeshwaree Devi Asem
- 3State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Nimaichand Salam
- 3State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Min Xiao
- 3State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - En-Min Zhou
- 3State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yang Zhi
- 1Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- 1Yunnan Institute of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650091, PR China.,3State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China
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Bryce C, Blackwell N, Schmidt C, Otte J, Huang YM, Kleindienst S, Tomaszewski E, Schad M, Warter V, Peng C, Byrne JM, Kappler A. Microbial anaerobic Fe(II) oxidation - Ecology, mechanisms and environmental implications. Environ Microbiol 2018; 20:3462-3483. [DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 06/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Casey Bryce
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - Nia Blackwell
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | | | - Julia Otte
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - Yu-Ming Huang
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | | | | | - Manuel Schad
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - Viola Warter
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - Chao Peng
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - James M. Byrne
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - Andreas Kappler
- Geomicrobiology; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
- Center for Geomicrobiology, Department of Bioscience; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
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Shi X, Ngo HH, Sang L, Jin P, Wang XC, Wang G. Functional evaluation of pollutant transformation in sediment from combined sewer system. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 238:85-93. [PMID: 29547865 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 03/04/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a pilot combined sewer system was constructed to characterize the pollutant transformation in sewer sediment. The results showed that particulate contaminants deposited from sewage could be transformed into dissolved matter by distinct pollutant transformation pathways. Although the oxidation-reduction potential (ORP) was varied from -80 mV to -340 mV in different region of the sediment, the fermentation was the dominant process in all regions of the sediment, which induced hydrolysis and decomposition of particulate contaminants. As a result, the accumulation of dissolved organic matter and the variation of ORP values along the sediment depth led to the depth-dependent reproduction characteristics of methanogens and sulfate-reducing bacteria, which were existed in the middle and deep layer of the sediment respectively. However, the diversity of nitrifying and polyphosphate-accumulating bacteria was low in sewer sediment and those microbial communities showed a non-significant correlation with nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants, which indicated that the enrichment of nitrogen and phosphorus contaminants was mainly caused by physical deposition process. Thus, this study proposed a promising pathway to evaluate pollutant transformation and can help provide theoretical foundation for urban sewer improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Shi
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, China
| | - Huu Hao Ngo
- Centre for Technology in Water and Wastewater, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Technology Sydney, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Langtao Sang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, China
| | - Pengkang Jin
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, China.
| | - Xiaochang C Wang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Xi'an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, 710055, China
| | - Guanghua Wang
- Guangzhou Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, 510060, China
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41
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Lesaulnier CC, Herbold CW, Pelikan C, Berry D, Gérard C, Le Coz X, Gagnot S, Niggemann J, Dittmar T, Singer GA, Loy A. Bottled aqua incognita: microbiota assembly and dissolved organic matter diversity in natural mineral waters. MICROBIOME 2017; 5:126. [PMID: 28938908 PMCID: PMC5610417 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-017-0344-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/15/2017] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-carbonated natural mineral waters contain microorganisms that regularly grow after bottling despite low concentrations of dissolved organic matter (DOM). Yet, the compositions of bottled water microbiota and organic substrates that fuel microbial activity, and how both change after bottling, are still largely unknown. RESULTS We performed a multifaceted analysis of microbiota and DOM diversity in 12 natural mineral waters from six European countries. 16S rRNA gene-based analyses showed that less than 10 species-level operational taxonomic units (OTUs) dominated the bacterial communities in the water phase and associated with the bottle wall after a short phase of post-bottling growth. Members of the betaproteobacterial genera Curvibacter, Aquabacterium, and Polaromonas (Comamonadaceae) grew in most waters and represent ubiquitous, mesophilic, heterotrophic aerobes in bottled waters. Ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry of DOM in bottled waters and their corresponding source waters identified thousands of molecular formulae characteristic of mostly refractory, soil-derived DOM. CONCLUSIONS The bottle environment, including source water physicochemistry, selected for growth of a similar low-diversity microbiota across various bottled waters. Relative abundance changes of hundreds of multi-carbon molecules were related to growth of less than ten abundant OTUs. We thus speculate that individual bacteria cope with oligotrophic conditions by simultaneously consuming diverse DOM molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celine C Lesaulnier
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Craig W Herbold
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Claus Pelikan
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - David Berry
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cédric Gérard
- Nestec Ltd., Route du Jorat 57, CH-1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Xavier Le Coz
- Nestec Ltd., Route du Jorat 57, CH-1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Sophie Gagnot
- Nestec Ltd., Route du Jorat 57, CH-1000, Lausanne 26, Switzerland
| | - Jutta Niggemann
- University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Dittmar
- University of Oldenburg, Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, ICBM-MPI Bridging Group for Marine Geochemistry, Carl-von-Ossietzky-Straße 9-11, D-26129, Oldenburg, Germany
| | - Gabriel A Singer
- Department of Ecohydrology, Leibniz-Institute of Freshwater Ecology and Inland Fisheries, Müggelseedamm 310, D-12587, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Loy
- Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Division of Microbial Ecology, Research Network Chemistry meets Microbiology, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria.
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Vandermaesen J, Lievens B, Springael D. Isolation and identification of culturable bacteria, capable of heterotrophic growth, from rapid sand filters of drinking water treatment plants. Res Microbiol 2017; 168:594-607. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2016] [Revised: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/29/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Bacterial plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance genes in aquatic environments in China. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40610. [PMID: 28094345 PMCID: PMC5240147 DOI: 10.1038/srep40610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging antimicrobial resistance is a major threat to human’s health in the 21st century. Understanding and combating this issue requires a full and unbiased assessment of the current status on the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance genes and their correlation with each other and bacterial groups. In aquatic environments that are known reservoirs for antimicrobial resistance genes, we were able to reach this goal on plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes that lead to resistance to quinolones and possibly also to the co-emergence of resistance to β-lactams. Novel findings were made that qepA and aac-(6′)-Ib genes that were previously regarded as similarly abundant with qnr genes are now dominant among PMQR genes in aquatic environments. Further statistical analysis suggested that the correlation between PMQR and β-lactam resistance genes in the environment is still weak, that the correlations between antimicrobial resistance genes could be weakened by sufficient wastewater treatment, and that the prevalence of PMQR has been implicated in environmental, pathogenic, predatory, anaerobic, and more importantly, human symbiotic bacteria. This work provides a comprehensive analysis of PMQR genes in aquatic environments in Jinan, China, and provides information with which combat with the antimicrobial resistance problem may be fought.
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McCormick AR, Hoellein TJ, London MG, Hittie J, Scott JW, Kelly JJ. Microplastic in surface waters of urban rivers: concentration, sources, and associated bacterial assemblages. Ecosphere 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Joshua Hittie
- Department of BiologyLoyola University Chicago Illinois 60660 USA
| | - John W. Scott
- Prairie Research InstituteIllinois Sustainable Technology Center Champaign Illinois 61820 USA
| | - John J. Kelly
- Department of BiologyLoyola University Chicago Illinois 60660 USA
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Zhang X, Li A, Szewzyk U, Ma F. Improvement of biological nitrogen removal with nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation bacterium Aquabacterium parvum B6 in an up-flow bioreactor for wastewater treatment. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 219:624-631. [PMID: 27544912 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Aquabacterium parvum strain B6 exhibited efficient nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidation ability using nitrate as an electron acceptor. A continuous up-flow bioreactor that included an aerobic and an anoxic section was constructed, and strain B6 was added to the bioreactor as inocula to explore the application of microbial nitrate-dependent Fe(II) oxidizing (NDFO) efficiency in wastewater treatment. The maximum NRE (anoxic section) and TNRE of 46.9% and 79.7%, respectively, could be obtained at a C/N ratio of 5.3:1 in the influent with HRT of 17. Meanwhile, the taxonomy composition of the reactor was assessed, as well. The NDFO metabolism of strain B6 could be expected because of its relatively dominant position in the anoxic section, whereas potential heterotrophic nitrification and aerobic denitrification developed into the prevailing status in the aerobic section after 50days of continuous operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China; Department of Environmental Microbiology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin 10587, Germany
| | - Ang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China
| | - Ulrich Szewzyk
- Department of Environmental Microbiology, Technical University of Berlin, Berlin 10587, Germany
| | - Fang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China.
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Meerburg FA, Vlaeminck SE, Roume H, Seuntjens D, Pieper DH, Jauregui R, Vilchez-Vargas R, Boon N. High-rate activated sludge communities have a distinctly different structure compared to low-rate sludge communities, and are less sensitive towards environmental and operational variables. WATER RESEARCH 2016; 100:137-145. [PMID: 27183209 DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2016.04.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/28/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
High-rate activated sludge processes allow for the recovery of organics and energy from wastewaters. These systems are operated at a short sludge retention time and high sludge-specific loading rates, which results in a higher sludge yield and better digestibility than conventional, low-rate activated sludge. Little is known about the microbial ecology of high-rate systems. In this work, we address the need for a fundamental understanding of how high-rate microbial communities differ from low-rate communities. We investigated the high-rate and low-rate communities in a sewage treatment plant in relation to environmental and operational variables over a period of ten months. We demonstrated that (1) high-rate and low-rate communities are distinctly different in terms of richness, evenness and composition, (2) high-rate community dynamics are more variable and less shaped by deterministic factors compared to low-rate communities, (3) sub-communities of continuously core and transitional members are more shaped by deterministic factors than the continuously rare members, both in high-rate and low-rate communities, and (4) high-rate community members showed a co-occurrence pattern similar to that of low-rate community members, but were less likely to be correlated to environmental and operational variables. These findings provide a basis for further optimization of high-rate systems, in order to facilitate resource recovery from wastewater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis A Meerburg
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Siegfried E Vlaeminck
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium; Research Group of Sustainable Energy, Air and Water Technology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerpen, Belgium
| | - Hugo Roume
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dries Seuntjens
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dietmar H Pieper
- Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ruy Jauregui
- Microbial Interactions and Processes Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Inhoffenstr. 7, 38124, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Ramiro Vilchez-Vargas
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nico Boon
- Center for Microbial Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
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Sato Y, Hori T, Navarro RR, Habe H, Yanagishita H, Ogata A. Fine-scale monitoring of shifts in microbial community composition after high organic loading in a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor. J Biosci Bioeng 2016; 121:550-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2015.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2015] [Revised: 08/31/2015] [Accepted: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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48
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Sato Y, Hori T, Navarro RR, Habe H, Ogata A. Functional maintenance and structural flexibility of microbial communities perturbed by simulated intense rainfall in a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2016; 100:6447-6456. [PMID: 27020291 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-016-7466-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Revised: 03/09/2016] [Accepted: 03/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Intense rainfall is one of the most serious and common natural events, causing the excessive inflow of rainwater into wastewater treatment plants. However, little is known about the impacts of rainwater dilution on the structure and function of the sludge microorganisms. Here, high-throughput sequencing of 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes was implemented to describe the microbial community dynamics during the simulated intense rainfall situation (event i) in which approximately 45 % of the sludge biomass was artificially overflowed by massive water supply in a pilot-scale membrane bioreactor. Thereafter, we investigated the functional and structural responses of the perturbed microbial communities to subsequent conditional changes, i.e., an increase in organic loading rate from 225 to 450 mg chemical oxygen demand (COD) l(-1) day(-1) (event ii) and an addition of a microbiota activator (event iii). Due to the event i, the COD removal declined to 78.2 %. This deterioration coincided with the decreased microbial diversity and the proliferation of the oligotrophic Aquabacterium sp. During the succeeding events ii and iii, the sludge biomass increased and the COD removal became higher (86.5-97.4 %). With the apparent recovery of the reactor performance, microbial communities became diversified and the compositions dynamically changed. Notably, various bacterial micropredators were highly enriched under the successive conditions, most likely being involved in the flexible reorganization of microbial communities. These results indicate that the activated sludge harbored functionally redundant microorganisms that were able to thrive and proliferate along with the conditional changes, thereby contributing to the functional maintenance of the membrane bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Sato
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Hori
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Ronald R Navarro
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Habe
- Research Institute for Sustainable Chemistry, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), AIST, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8565, Japan.
| | - Atsushi Ogata
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8569, Japan
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Maltman C, Walter G, Yurkov V. A Diverse Community of Metal(loid) Oxide Respiring Bacteria Is Associated with Tube Worms in the Vicinity of the Juan de Fuca Ridge Black Smoker Field. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149812. [PMID: 26914590 PMCID: PMC4767881 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2015] [Accepted: 02/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Epibiotic bacteria associated with tube worms living in the vicinity of deep sea hydrothermal vents of the Juan de Fuca Ridge in the Pacific Ocean were investigated for the ability to respire anaerobically on tellurite, tellurate, selenite, selenate, metavanadate and orthovanadate as terminal electron acceptors. Out of 107 isolates tested, 106 were capable of respiration on one or more of these oxides, indicating that metal(loid) oxide based respiration is not only much more prevalent in nature than is generally believed, but also is an important mode of energy generation in the habitat. Partial 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the bacterial community to be rich and highly diverse, containing many potentially new species. Furthermore, it appears that the worms not only possess a close symbiotic relationship with chemolithotrophic sulfide-oxidizing bacteria, but also with the metal(loid) oxide transformers. Possibly they protect the worms through reduction of the toxic compounds that would otherwise be harmful to the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chris Maltman
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Graham Walter
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Vladimir Yurkov
- Department of Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
- * E-mail:
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Draft Genome Sequence of a Potential Nitrate-Dependent Fe(II)-Oxidizing Bacterium, Aquabacterium parvum B6. GENOME ANNOUNCEMENTS 2016; 4:4/1/e01651-15. [PMID: 26823591 PMCID: PMC4732344 DOI: 10.1128/genomea.01651-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Aquabacterium parvum B6 is a potential nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing bacterium. The genes related to its denitrifying mechanism and iron metabolisms were unknown. We present the draft genome of Aquabacterium parvum B6, which could provide further insight into the nitrate-dependent Fe(II)-oxidizing mechanism of strain B6.
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