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Storey DG, Dimock K, Kang CY. Structural characterization of virion proteins and genomic RNA of human parainfluenza virus 3. J Virol 1984; 52:761-6. [PMID: 6092708 PMCID: PMC254594 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.52.3.761-766.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The virion proteins and genomic RNA of human parainfluenza virus 3 have been characterized. The virion contains seven major and two minor proteins. Three proteins of 195 X 10(3) molecular weight (195K), 87K, and 67K are associated with the nucleocapsid of the virion and have been designated L, P, and NP, respectively. Three proteins can be labeled with [14C]glucosamine and have molecular weights of 69K, 60K, and 46K. We have designated these proteins as HN, F0, and F1, respectively. HN protein has interchain disulfide bonds, but does not participate in disulfide bonding to form homomultimeric forms. F1 appears to be derived from a complex, F1,2, that has an electrophoretic mobility similar to that of F0 under nonreducing conditions. A protein of 35K is associated with the envelope components of the virion and aggregates under low-salt conditions; this protein has been designated M. The genome of human parainfluenza virus 3 is a linear RNA molecule with a molecular weight of approximately 4.6 X 10(6).
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Etkind PR, Cross RK, Lamb RA, Merz DC, Choppin PW. In vitro synthesis of structural and nonstructural proteins of Sendai and SV5 viruses. Virology 1980; 100:22-33. [PMID: 6243200 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(80)90548-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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3
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Characterisation of rinderpest virus RNA and the action of actinomycin D on its replication. J Biosci 1979. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02716880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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5
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6
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Isolation and comparative study of the nucleocapsids of measles and canine distemper viruses from infected cells. Virology 1974. [DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(74)90242-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Abstract
Both complementary strands are found in 50S Sendai virion RNA. 50S Sendai virion RNA has been shown to consist of unequal amounts of a single population of plus and minus strands by annealing studies.
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Lewandowski LJ, Lief FS, Verini MA, Pienkowski MM, ter Meulen V, Koprowski H. Analysis of a viral agent isolated from multiple sclerosis brain tissue: characterization as a parainfluenzavirus type 1. J Virol 1974; 13:1037-45. [PMID: 4363249 PMCID: PMC355412 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.13.5.1037-1045.1974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A virus originally isolated from cell cultures obtained by lysolecithin-induced fusion of human multiple sclerosis brain cells with CV-1 cells has been analyzed for its antigenic, RNA, and polypeptide compositions, and for selective biological properties. Our findings establish that this isolate, designated 6/94 virus, contains a 50S RNA genome and is, as yet, indistinguishable from Sendai virus in its antigenic and total polypeptide compositions. Despite these similarities, the 6/94 and Sendai viruses differ in certain phenotypic properties. 6/94 virus is markedly less cytocidal for chick fibroblasts, especially at 37 C and, after beta-propiolactone inactivation, it possesses a greater capacity for cell fusion and a lower toxicity than does comparably treated Sendai virus. In addition, 6/94 virus shows greater hemolytic activity.
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Vorkunova GK, Pashova VA, Klimenko SM, Gushchin BV, Bukrinskaya AG. The properties of intracellular paramyxovirus ribonucleoprotein in a nonpermissive system. Arch Virol 1974. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01240203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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10
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Kolakofsky D, Bruschi A. Molecular weight determination of Sendai RNA by dimethyl sulfoxide gradient sedimentation. J Virol 1973; 11:615-20. [PMID: 4350707 PMCID: PMC355155 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.11.5.615-620.1973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular weight of the large RNA of Sendai virus has been determined by sedimentation analysis in sucrose gradients containing 99% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to be 2.3 x 10(6). Sendai RNA recovered from 99% DMSO was found to cosediment with nondenatured Sendai RNA at 46 to 48s in ordinary sucrose gradients. The molecular weight value of 2.3 x 10(6) is considerably smaller than the estimates of 6 x 10(6) to 7 x 10(6) determined under nondenaturing conditions, suggesting a unique structure for Sendai RNA.
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Kolakofsky D. Transfer ribonucleic acid nucleotidyltransferase and transfer ribonucleic acid in Sendai virions. J Virol 1972; 10:555-9. [PMID: 4342057 PMCID: PMC356497 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.10.3.555-559.1972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Sendai virions contain both transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA) nucleotidyltransferase and its substrate, tRNA missing its CCA-OH end.
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Hutchinson JE, Mahy BW. RNA polymerase activity in virions of parainfluenza 1 virus (Sendai). ARCHIV FUR DIE GESAMTE VIRUSFORSCHUNG 1972; 37:203-10. [PMID: 4337544 DOI: 10.1007/bf01268002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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14
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15
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Mountcastle WE, Compans RW, Choppin PW. Proteins and glycoproteins of paramyxoviruses: a comparison of simian virus 5, Newcastle disease virus, and Sendai virus. J Virol 1971; 7:47-52. [PMID: 5101090 PMCID: PMC356076 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.7.1.47-52.1971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The polypeptides of three paramyxoviruses (simian virus 5, Newcastle disease virus, and Sendai virus) were separated by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Glycoproteins were identified by the use of radioactive glucosamine as a carbohydrate precursor. The protein patterns reveal similarities among the three viruses. Each virus contains at least five or six proteins, two of which are glycoproteins. Four of the proteins found in each virus share common features with corresponding proteins in the other two viruses, including similar molecular weights. These four proteins are the nucleocapsid protein (molecular weight 56,000 to 61,000), a larger glycoprotein (molecular weight 65,000 to 74,000), a smaller glycoprotein (molecular weight 53,000 to 56,000), and a major protein which is the smallest protein in each virion (molecular weight 38,000 to 41,000).
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Dubois MF, Daniel P, Mehran AR. L'acide ribonucl�ique du paramyxovirus parainfluenzae, type 3. Arch Virol 1970. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01249885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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18
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19
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Mekler LB, Shlyankevich MA, Shevliaghyn VJ. Sendai virus RNA as messenger RNA determining the synthesis of early virus specific proteins. ARCHIV FUR DIE GESAMTE VIRUSFORSCHUNG 1970; 30:309-15. [PMID: 4318623 DOI: 10.1007/bf01258361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antigens/analysis
- Cell Line
- Chick Embryo
- Cricetinae
- Dactinomycin/pharmacology
- Fibroblasts
- Genetic Code
- Genetics, Microbial
- Hemagglutination Tests
- Hemagglutinins, Viral/analysis
- Immune Sera
- Lactones/pharmacology
- Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/drug effects
- Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/immunology
- Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/isolation & purification
- Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/metabolism
- Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human/radiation effects
- RNA, Messenger
- RNA, Viral/metabolism
- Rabbits
- Sarcoma, Avian
- Tritium
- Ultraviolet Rays
- Uridine/metabolism
- Viral Proteins/biosynthesis
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Mountcastle WE, Compans RW, Caliguiri LA, Choppin PW. Nucleocapsid protein subunits of simian virus 5, Newcastle disease virus, and Sendai virus. J Virol 1970; 6:677-84. [PMID: 4320701 PMCID: PMC376173 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.6.5.677-684.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Helical nucleocapsids of each of the paramyxoviruses simian virus 5 (SV5), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), and Sendai virus have been isolated in two different forms. One form contains larger protein subunits and is obtained from mature virions or infected cells dispersed by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid. The other form possesses smaller subunits and is obtained from infected cells dispersed by trypsin. The estimated molecular weights of the larger subunits in the three viruses are similar: SV5, 61,000; Sendai virus, 60,000; NDV, 56,000. The smaller nucleocapsid subunits are also very similar: SV5, 43,000; Sendai virus, 46,000; NDV, 47,000. The helical nucleocapsid composed of the smaller subunit appears to be less flexible and more stable than that formed by the larger subunit. There is suggestive evidence that conversion of the larger subunit to the smaller by proteolytic cleavage may occur intracellularly. The possibility that such a mechanism could be involved in the accumulation of nucleocapsid in cells persistently infected with paramyxoviruses is discussed.
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Bukrinskaya AG, Bykovsky AP, Zhdanov VM. Messenger activity of sendai virus ribonucleoprotein in a cell free protein-synthesizing system. Virology 1970; 42:508-21. [PMID: 4321304 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(70)90294-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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22
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Zhumatov KZ, Arkhangel'skii DS, Savchenkov YI, Arykova MA, Kuzevanov VT. Histo-autoradiographic investigation of distribution of influenza a virus in respiratory organs of albino mice. Bull Exp Biol Med 1970. [DOI: 10.1007/bf00823173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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23
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Bratt MA, Gallaher WR. Comparison of fusion from within and fusion from without by Newcastle disease virus. IN VITRO 1970; 6:3-14. [PMID: 5535595 DOI: 10.1007/bf02616129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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24
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Mahy BW, Hutchinson JE, Barry RD. Ribonucleic acid polymerase induced in cells infected with Sendai virus. J Virol 1970; 5:663-71. [PMID: 4317110 PMCID: PMC376057 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.5.6.663-671.1970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A ribonucleic acid (RNA)-dependent RNA polymerase was induced in chick embryo fibroblast cells after infection with Sendai virus (parainfluenza 1 virus). The enzyme was associated with the microsomal fraction of infected cells and reached maximum detectable activity at 18 hr after virus infection. The activity of the enzyme in vitro was dependent on the presence of added magnesium ions and all four nucleoside triphosphates and was not inhibited by actinomycin D. The RNA synthesized by the enzyme in vitro was sensitive to ribonuclease and consisted of a complex mixture of RNA species including 34S, 24S, and 18S components. Similar RNA components were detected in the microsomal fraction of Sendai virus-infected cells by labeling with (3)H-uridine from 17 to 18 hr postinfection in the presence of actinomycin D. Of the RNA synthesized by Sendai virus-induced RNA polymerase in vitro, 98% became insensitive to ribonuclease after annealing with RNA extracted from purified Sendai virus particles.
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Zhdanov VM, Bukrinskaya AG. Replicative forms of Sendai virus RNA. ARCHIV FUR DIE GESAMTE VIRUSFORSCHUNG 1970; 29:241-52. [PMID: 4316762 DOI: 10.1007/bf01249309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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26
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Bukrinskaya AG, Bykovsky AP, Zhdanov VM. The participation of sendai virus ribonucleoprotein in virus-specific polysome formation. Virology 1969; 39:705-20. [PMID: 4311637 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90008-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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27
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Sokol F, Schlumberger HD, Wiktor TJ, Koprowski H. Biochemical and biophysical studies on the nucleocapsid and on the RNA of rabies virus. Virology 1969; 38:651-65. [PMID: 5803947 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(69)90184-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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28
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Bukrinskaya AG, Zhdanov VM, Vorkunova GK. Fate of Sendai virus ribonucleoprotein in virus-infected cells. J Virol 1969; 4:141-6. [PMID: 4308913 PMCID: PMC375848 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.4.2.141-146.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The cytoplasmic extracts of Ehrlich ascites tumor cells infected with (32)PO(4) and (3)H-leucine-labeled Sendai virus have been examined during the course of infection with respect to sedimentation behavior and buoyant densities of input virus radioactivity. It was found that (32)P and (3)H radioactivities were coincident, and, at 30 min after infection, the bulk of radioactivity was recovered in the polysome region of a sucrose gradient in the position of Sendai virus ribonucleoprotein (210S). The heterogeneity of radioactivity profiles appeared at 1 hr after infection and increased during 6 hr of incubation. The buoyant densities of input virus components were determined by banding in CsCl gradient. Here again the bulk of coincident (32)P and (3)H radioactivity at 30 min after infection banded at the same density as Sendai virus ribonucleoprotein (1.31 g/cm(3).) This component disappeared at 3 hr after infection, and (32)P and (3)H radioactivities were now found in components banded at densities 1.38, 1.41, 1.45, 1.49, and 1.55 g/cm(3). The results presented are consistent with the idea that virus ribonucleoprotein is retained in the cytoplasm of infected cells during at least 6 hr of incubation, being partly deproteinized in the course of infection. The nature of components which banded at rho = 1.41, 1.45, 1.49, and 1.55 as complexes of partly deproteinized ribonucleoprotein with ribosomes will be described in a separate paper.
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Kisseljov FL, Mazzarelli M, Varitch NL, Tikchonenko TI. Purification of Sendai virus. ARCHIV FUR DIE GESAMTE VIRUSFORSCHUNG 1969; 27:138-51. [PMID: 4313016 DOI: 10.1007/bf01249639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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31
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32
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Blair CD, Robinson WS. Replication of Sendai virus. I. Comparison of the viral RNA and virus-specific RNA synthesis with Newcastle disease virus. Virology 1968; 35:537-49. [PMID: 4300362 DOI: 10.1016/0042-6822(68)90284-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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33
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Bukrinskaya AG, Klimenko SM, Smirnov YA, Guschin BV. Infective substructures of Sendai virus from infected Ehrlich ascites tumor cells. J Virol 1968; 2:752-8. [PMID: 4301995 PMCID: PMC375684 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.2.7.752-758.1968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Increase of infectivity for embryonated eggs was observed in Ehrlich ascites tumor cells after intraperitoneal inoculation of Sendai virus into tumor-bearing mice. Virus-induced actinomycin-resistant ribonucleic acid consisting of 14S, 18S, 22S, 35S, and 48S was synthesized, and S antigen was produced in infected cells. The infectivity was suggested to be due to viral ribonucleoprotein for the following reasons: (i) the infectivity was unaffected by V antiserum but was abolished by whole hyperimmune serum, (ii) the infectivity was resistant to ribonuclease, (iii) virus particles were found neither in cells nor on red blood cell stroma treated with cellular extracts, (iv) structures similar to Sendai virus ribonucleoprotein with a maximal length of 10,500 A were observed in cellular extracts.
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