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Mani B, Maurya K, Kohli PS, Giri J. Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) PHO1 family members function redundantly in Pi transport and root nodulation. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 211:108712. [PMID: 38733940 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P), a macronutrient, plays key roles in plant growth, development, and yield. Phosphate (Pi) transporters (PHTs) and PHOSPHATE1 (PHO1) are central to Pi acquisition and distribution. Potentially, PHO1 is also involved in signal transduction under low P. The current study was designed to identify and functionally characterize the PHO1 gene family in chickpea (CaPHO1s). Five CaPHO1 genes were identified through a comprehensive genome-wide search. Phylogenetically, CaPHO1s formed two clades, and protein sequence analyses confirmed the presence of conserved domains. CaPHO1s are expressed in different plant organs including root nodules and are induced by Pi-limiting conditions. Functional complementation of atpho1 mutant with three CaPHO1 members, CaPHO1, CaPHO1;like, and CaPHO1;H1, independently demonstrated their role in root to shoot Pi transport, and their redundant functions. To further validate this, we raised independent RNA-interference (RNAi) lines of CaPHO1, CaPHO1;like, and CaPHO1;H1 along with triple mutant line in chickpea. While single gene RNAi lines behaved just like WT, triple knock-down RNAi lines (capho1/like/h1) showed reduced shoot growth and shoot Pi content. Lastly, we showed that CaPHO1s are involved in root nodule development and Pi content. Our findings suggest that CaPHO1 members function redundantly in root to shoot Pi export and root nodule development in chickpea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Balaji Mani
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Kanika Maurya
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Pawandeep Singh Kohli
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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Zhao X, Chen KK, Wang LT, Zhao LL, Wang PC. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into the response of Lotus corniculatus roots to low-phosphorus stress. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1089380. [PMID: 36938008 PMCID: PMC10014540 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1089380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A lack of soil phosphorus (P) is a principal factor restricting the normal growth of Lotus corniculatus in the karst area of Guizhou Province, China, but the response mechanism of L. corniculatus under low-phosphorus stress remains unclear. METHODS Therefore, we treated two selected L. corniculatus lines (low-P-intolerant line 08518 and low-P-tolerant line 01549) from 13 L. corniculatus lines with normal phosphorus (0.5 mmol/L KH2PO4, NP) and low phosphorus (0.005 mmol/L KH2PO4, LP) concentrations to study changes in morphological, physiological and transcriptome data under low-phosphorus stress. RESULTS The low-P-tolerant line 01549 exhibited better performance under low-phosphorus stress. Compared with the NP treatment, all root morphological indicators of the low-P-tolerant line 01549 increased, and those of the low-P-intolerant line 08518 decreased under low-P stress. Compared with the NP treatment, acid phosphatase (ACP), catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and peroxidase (POD) activities, and the malondialdehyde (MDA), soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP) and proline (Pro) contents of the two L. corniculatus lines increased under low-P stress. A transcriptome analysis of L. corniculatus showed that a total of 656 and 2243 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in line 01549 and line 08518, respectively. Meanwhile, the main pathways, such as carbohydrate metabolism, acid phosphatases, phosphate transporters and biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, as well as related genes were also screened by performing a KEGG enrichment analysis. DISCUSSION The findings provide an essential point of reference for studying the physiological and molecular mechanism of the response to low-P stress in L. corniculatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ke-ke Chen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Lei-ting Wang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Li-Li Zhao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Pu-Chang Wang
- School of Life Sciences, Guizhou Normal University, Guiyang, China
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Chen Z, Wang L, Cardoso JA, Zhu S, Liu G, Rao IM, Lin Y. Improving phosphorus acquisition efficiency through modification of root growth responses to phosphate starvation in legumes. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1094157. [PMID: 36844096 PMCID: PMC9950756 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1094157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential macronutrients for plant growth and development, and it is an integral part of the major organic components, including nucleic acids, proteins and phospholipids. Although total P is abundant in most soils, a large amount of P is not easily absorbed by plants. Inorganic phosphate (Pi) is the plant-available P, which is generally immobile and of low availability in soils. Hence, Pi starvation is a major constraint limiting plant growth and productivity. Enhancing plant P efficiency can be achieved by improving P acquisition efficiency (PAE) through modification of morpho-physiological and biochemical alteration in root traits that enable greater acquisition of external Pi from soils. Major advances have been made to dissect the mechanisms underlying plant adaptation to P deficiency, especially for legumes, which are considered important dietary sources for humans and livestock. This review aims to describe how legume root growth responds to Pi starvation, such as changes in the growth of primary root, lateral roots, root hairs and cluster roots. In particular, it summarizes the various strategies of legumes to confront P deficiency by regulating root traits that contribute towards improving PAE. Within these complex responses, a large number of Pi starvation-induced (PSI) genes and regulators involved in the developmental and biochemical alteration of root traits are highlighted. The involvement of key functional genes and regulators in remodeling root traits provides new opportunities for developing legume varieties with maximum PAE needed for regenerative agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijian Chen
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Linjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | | | - Shengnan Zhu
- Life Science and Technology School, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Guodao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Idupulapati M. Rao
- International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT), Cali, Colombia
- International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology (icipe), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yan Lin
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Crops Germplasm Resources Genetic Improvement and Innovation of Hainan Province, Institute of Tropical Crop Genetic Resources, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Institute of Bioengineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
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Response of yield and quality of soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merrill] varieties to blended NPSZnB fertilizer rates in Northwestern Ethiopia. Heliyon 2022; 8:e09499. [PMID: 35647351 PMCID: PMC9131159 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The national productivity of soybean is lower than that of worlds’ productivity due to lack of appropriate agronomic practices. A field experiment was carried out in 2020/2021 cropping season at Guangua district, Northwestern Ethiopia to determine the effect of blended NPSZnB (Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Sulfur, Zinc and Boron) fertilizer rates on seed yield and quality of soybean varieties. Five levels of blended NPSZnB fertilizer (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 kg ha−1) and three soybean varieties (Pawe-01, Pawe-02 and Pawe-03) were arranged in factorial and laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. Data on soybean agronomic attributes and soybean seed quality were collected and analyzed using SAS software. Results revealed most growth, yield, yield components and quality traits of soybean were significantly affected by varieties, blended fertilizer rates and by their interaction. Planting variety Pawe-03 with the application of 100 kg ha−1 NPSZnB gave the highest grain yield (2.88 t ha−1) and protein content (41.50%). Maximum oil content (24.50%) was recorded when variety Pawe-01 was planted with the application of 100 kg ha−1 NPSZnB. Planting Variety Pawe-03 with application of 100 kg ha−1 NPSZnB gave the highest net benefit (74953.56 birr ha−1). In conclusion, planting Pawe-03 soybean variety with the application of 100 kg ha−1 NPSZnB gave significantly highest seed yield, protein content and profitability and recommended for soybean production in Northwestern agro-ecologies of Ethiopia. It is suggested that this experiment should be repeated in various agro ecologies with various soybean varieties.
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Dokwal D, Cocuron JC, Alonso AP, Dickstein R. Metabolite shift in Medicago truncatula occurs in phosphorus deprivation. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:2093-2111. [PMID: 34971389 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab559] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation entails successful interaction between legume hosts and rhizobia that occur in specialized organs called nodules. N-fixing legumes have a higher demand for phosphorus (P) than legumes grown on mineral N. Medicago truncatula is an important model plant for characterization of effects of P deficiency at the molecular level. Hence, a study was carried out to address the alteration in metabolite levels of M. truncatula grown aeroponically and subjected to 4 weeks of P stress. First, GC-MS-based untargeted metabolomics initially revealed changes in the metabolic profile of nodules, with increased levels of amino acids and sugars and a decline in amounts of organic acids. Subsequently, LC-MS/MS was used to quantify these compounds including phosphorylated metabolites in the whole plant. Our results showed a drastic reduction in levels of organic acids and phosphorylated compounds in -P leaves, with a moderate reduction in -P roots and nodules. Additionally, sugars and amino acids were elevated in the whole plant under P deprivation. These findings provide evidence that N fixation in M. truncatula is mediated through a N feedback mechanism that in parallel is related to carbon and P metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Dokwal
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | | | - Ana Paula Alonso
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
| | - Rebecca Dickstein
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, TX 76203, USA
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Škarpa P, Školníková M, Antošovský J, Horký P, Smýkalová I, Horáček J, Dostálová R, Kozáková Z. Response of Normal and Low-Phytate Genotypes of Pea ( Pisum sativum L.) on Phosphorus Foliar Fertilization. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10081608. [PMID: 34451655 PMCID: PMC8399731 DOI: 10.3390/plants10081608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important nutrient in plant nutrition. Its absorption by plants from the soil is influenced by many factors. Therefore, a foliar application of this nutrient could be utilized for the optimal nutrition state of plants. The premise of the study is that foliar application of phosphorus will increase the yield of normal-phytate (npa) cultivars (CDC Bronco a Cutlass) and low-phytate (lpa) lines (1-2347-144, 1-150-81) grown in soils with low phosphorus supply and affect seed quality depending on the ability of the pea to produce phytate. A graded application of phosphorus (H₃PO₄) in four doses: without P (P0), 27.3 mg P (P1), 54.5 mg P (P2), and 81.8 mg P/pot (P3) realized at the development stages of the 6th true leaf led to a significant increase of chlorophyll contents, and fluorescence parameters of chlorophyll expressing the CO2 assimilation velocity. The P fertilization increased the yield of seeds significantly, except the highest dose of phosphorus (P3) at which the yield of the npa cultivars was reduced. The line 1-2347-144 was the most sensible to the P application when the dose P3 increased the seed production by 42.1%. Only the lpa line 1-150-81 showed a decreased tendency in the phytate content at the stepped application of the P nutrition. Foliar application of phosphorus significantly increased ash material in seed, but did not tend to affect the protein and mineral content of seeds. Only the zinc content in seeds was significantly reduced by foliar application of P in npa and lpa pea genotypes. It is concluded from the present study that foliar phosphorus application could be an effective way to enhance the pea growth in P-deficient condition with a direct effect on seed yield and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Škarpa
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriScience, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.Š.); (J.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Marie Školníková
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriScience, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.Š.); (J.A.)
| | - Jiří Antošovský
- Department of Agrochemistry, Soil Science, Microbiology and Plant Nutrition, Faculty of AgriScience, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (M.Š.); (J.A.)
| | - Pavel Horký
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Forage Production, Faculty of AgriScience, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
| | - Iva Smýkalová
- Agritec Plant Research Ltd., Zemědělská 2520/16, 787 01 Šumperk, Czech Republic; (I.S.); (J.H.); (R.D.)
| | - Jiří Horáček
- Agritec Plant Research Ltd., Zemědělská 2520/16, 787 01 Šumperk, Czech Republic; (I.S.); (J.H.); (R.D.)
| | - Radmila Dostálová
- Agritec Plant Research Ltd., Zemědělská 2520/16, 787 01 Šumperk, Czech Republic; (I.S.); (J.H.); (R.D.)
| | - Zdenka Kozáková
- Institute of Physical and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic;
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Mohamed HI, El-Sayed AA, Rady MM, Caruso G, Sekara A, Abdelhamid MT. Coupling effects of phosphorus fertilization source and rate on growth and ion accumulation of common bean under salinity stress. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11463. [PMID: 34141469 PMCID: PMC8183427 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Many agricultural regions in arid and semiarid climate zone need to deal with increased soil salinity. Legumes are classified as salt-sensitive crops. A field experiment was performed to examine the application of phosphorus (P) fertilizer source and rate on growth, chlorophylls and carotenoid content, DNA and RNA content and ion accumulation in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivated under salinity stress. An experimental design was split-plot with three replicates. The main plots included two P sources, namely single superphosphate (SP) and urea phosphate (UP). The sub-plots covered four P rates, i.e., 0.0, 17.5, 35.0, and 52.5 kg P ha-1. All applied P fertilization rates, in both forms, increased plant height, leaf area, dry weight of shoots and roots per plant, and total dry weight (TDW) in t ha-1. The highest accumulation of N, P, K+, Mg2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, and Cu2+ was determined in the shoot and root of common bean, while 35 kg of P per ha-1 was used compared to the other levels of P fertilizer. The highest P rate (52.5 kg ha-1) resulted in a significant reduction in Na+ in shoot and root of common bean. The response curve of TDW (t ha-1) to different rates of P (kg ha-1) proved that the quadratic model fit better than the linear model for both P sources. Under SP, the expected TDW was 1.675 t ha-1 if P was applied at 51.5 kg ha-1, while under UP, the maximum expected TDW was 1.875 t ha-1 if P was supplied at 42.5 kg ha-1. In conclusion, the 35.0 kg P ha-1 could be considered the best effective P level imposed. The application of P fertilizer as urea phosphate is generally more effective than single superphosphate in enhancing plant growth and alleviating common bean plants against salinity stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba I Mohamed
- Biological and Geological Sciences Department, Faculty of Education, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Adel A El-Sayed
- Fertilization Technology Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mostafa M Rady
- Botany Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Gianluca Caruso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Agnieszka Sekara
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Biotechnology and Horticulture, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
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Dokwal D, Romsdahl TB, Kunz DA, Alonso AP, Dickstein R. Phosphorus deprivation affects composition and spatial distribution of membrane lipids in legume nodules. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 185:1847-1859. [PMID: 33793933 PMCID: PMC8133537 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiaa115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/13/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In legumes, symbiotic nitrogen (N) fixation (SNF) occurs in specialized organs called nodules after successful interactions between legume hosts and rhizobia. In a nodule, N-fixing rhizobia are surrounded by symbiosome membranes, through which the exchange of nutrients and ammonium occurs between bacteria and the host legume. Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient, and N2-fixing legumes have a higher requirement for P than legumes grown on mineral N. As in the previous studies, in P deficiency, barrel medic (Medicago truncatula) plants had impaired SNF activity, reduced growth, and accumulated less phosphate in leaves, roots, and nodules compared with the plants grown in P sufficient conditions. Membrane lipids in M. truncatula tissues were assessed using electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry. Galactolipids were found to increase in P deficiency, with declines in phospholipids (PL), especially in leaves. Lower PL losses were found in roots and nodules. Subsequently, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry imaging was used to spatially map the distribution of the positively charged phosphatidylcholine (PC) species in nodules in both P-replete and P-deficient conditions. Our results reveal heterogeneous distribution of several PC species in nodules, with homogeneous distribution of other PC classes. In P poor conditions, some PC species distributions were observed to change. The results suggest that specific PC species may be differentially important in diverse nodule zones and cell types, and that membrane lipid remodeling during P stress is not uniform across the nodule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiraj Dokwal
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
| | - Trevor B Romsdahl
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
| | - Daniel A Kunz
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
| | - Ana Paula Alonso
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
| | - Rebecca Dickstein
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- BioDiscovery Institute, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas 76203 USA
- Author for communication:
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Hrbáčková M, Dvořák P, Takáč T, Tichá M, Luptovčiak I, Šamajová O, Ovečka M, Šamaj J. Biotechnological Perspectives of Omics and Genetic Engineering Methods in Alfalfa. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:592. [PMID: 32508859 PMCID: PMC7253590 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
For several decades, researchers are working to develop improved major crops with better adaptability and tolerance to environmental stresses. Forage legumes have been widely spread in the world due to their great ecological and economic values. Abiotic and biotic stresses are main factors limiting legume production, however, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) shows relatively high level of tolerance to drought and salt stress. Efforts focused on alfalfa improvements have led to the release of cultivars with new traits of agronomic importance such as high yield, better stress tolerance or forage quality. Alfalfa has very high nutritional value due to its efficient symbiotic association with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, while deep root system can help to prevent soil water loss in dry lands. The use of modern biotechnology tools is challenging in alfalfa since full genome, unlike to its close relative barrel medic (Medicago truncatula Gaertn.), was not released yet. Identification, isolation, and improvement of genes involved in abiotic or biotic stress response significantly contributed to the progress of our understanding how crop plants cope with these environmental challenges. In this review, we provide an overview of the progress that has been made in high-throughput sequencing, characterization of genes for abiotic or biotic stress tolerance, gene editing, as well as proteomic and metabolomics techniques bearing biotechnological potential for alfalfa improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jozef Šamaj
- Department of Cell Biology, Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Faculty of Science, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czechia
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Jemo M, Sulieman S, Bekkaoui F, Olomide OAK, Hashem A, Abd_Allah EF, Alqarawi AA, Tran LSP. Comparative Analysis of the Combined Effects of Different Water and Phosphate Levels on Growth and Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Nine Cowpea Varieties. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2017; 8:2111. [PMID: 29312379 PMCID: PMC5742256 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2017.02111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/27/2017] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Water deficit and phosphate (Pi) deficiency adversely affect growth and biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) of legume crops. In this study, we examined the impact of interaction between soil water conditions and available soil-Pi levels on growth, nodule development and BNF potential of nine cowpea varieties grown on dry savanna soils. In our experimental design, soils with different available soil-Pi levels, i.e., low, moderate, and high soil-Pi levels, collected from various farming fields were used to grow nine cowpea varieties under well-watered and water-deficit conditions. Significant and severe water deficit-damaging effects on BNF, nodulation, growth, levels of plant-nitrogen (N) and -phosphorus (P), as well as shoot relative water content and chlorophyll content of cowpea plants were observed. Under well-watered and high available soil-Pi conditions, cowpea varieties IT07K-304-9 and Dan'Ila exhibited significantly higher BNF potential and dry biomass, as well as plant-N and -P contents compared with other tested ones. Significant genotypic variations among the cowpeas were recorded under low available soil-Pi and water-deficit conditions in terms of the BNF potential. Principal component (PC) analysis revealed that varieties IT04K-339-1, IT07K-188-49, IT07K-304-9, and IT04K-405-5 were associated with PC1, which was better explained by performance for nodulation, plant biomass, plant-N, plant-P, and BNF potential under the combined stress of water deficit and Pi deficiency, thereby offering prospects for development of varieties with high growth and BNF traits that are adaptive to such stress conditions in the region. On another hand, variety Dan'Ila was significantly related to PC2 that was highly explained by the plant shoot/root ratio and chlorophyll content, suggesting the existence of physiological and morphological adjustments to cope with water deficit and Pi deficiency for this particular variety. Additionally, increases in soil-Pi availability led to significant reductions of water-deficit damage on dry biomass, plant-N and -P contents, and BNF potential of cowpea varieties. This finding suggests that integrated nutrient management strategies that allow farmers to access to Pi-based fertilizers may help reduce the damage of adverse water deficit and Pi deficiency caused to cowpea crop in the regions, where soils are predominantly Pi-deficient and drought-prone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Jemo
- AgroBiosciences Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
- Office Chérifien des Phosphates (OCP)-Africa, Casablanca, Morocco
| | - Saad Sulieman
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, Shambat, Sudan
| | - Faouzi Bekkaoui
- AgroBiosciences Division, Mohammed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Ben Guerir, Morocco
| | | | - Abeer Hashem
- Botany and Microbiology Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Mycology and Plant Disease Survey Department, Plant Pathology Research Institute, ARC, Giza, Egypt
| | - Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alqarawi
- Plant Production Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
- Signalling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan
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Cabeza RA, Liese R, Lingner A, von Stieglitz I, Neumann J, Salinas-Riester G, Pommerenke C, Dittert K, Schulze J. RNA-seq transcriptome profiling reveals that Medicago truncatula nodules acclimate N₂ fixation before emerging P deficiency reaches the nodules. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:6035-48. [PMID: 25151618 PMCID: PMC4203135 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eru341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Legume nodules are plant tissues with an exceptionally high concentration of phosphorus (P), which, when there is scarcity of P, is preferentially maintained there rather than being allocated to other plant organs. The hypothesis of this study was that nodules are affected before the P concentration in the organ declines during whole-plant P depletion. Nitrogen (N₂) fixation and P concentration in various organs were monitored during a whole-plant P-depletion process in Medicago truncatula. Nodule gene expression was profiled through RNA-seq at day 5 of P depletion. Until that point in time P concentration in leaves reached a lower threshold but was maintained in nodules. N₂-fixation activity per plant diverged from that of fully nourished plants beginning at day 5 of the P-depletion process, primarily because fewer nodules were being formed, while the activity of the existing nodules was maintained for as long as two weeks into P depletion. RNA-seq revealed nodule acclimation on a molecular level with a total of 1140 differentially expressed genes. Numerous genes for P remobilization from organic structures were increasingly expressed. Various genes involved in nodule malate formation were upregulated, while genes involved in fermentation were downregulated. The fact that nodule formation was strongly repressed with the onset of P deficiency is reflected in the differential expression of various genes involved in nodulation. It is concluded that plants follow a strategy to maintain N₂ fixation and viable leaf tissue as long as possible during whole-plant P depletion to maintain their ability to react to emerging new P sources (e.g. through active P acquisition by roots).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo A Cabeza
- Department of Crop Science, Section for Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Goettingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Rebecca Liese
- Department of Crop Science, Section for Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Goettingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Annika Lingner
- Department of Crop Science, Section for Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Goettingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Ilsabe von Stieglitz
- Department of Crop Science, Section for Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Goettingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Janice Neumann
- Department of Crop Science, Section for Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Goettingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Gabriela Salinas-Riester
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, DNA Microarray and Deep-Sequencing Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Pommerenke
- Department of Developmental Biochemistry, DNA Microarray and Deep-Sequencing Facility, Faculty of Medicine, University of Goettingen, Justus-von-Liebig-Weg 11, 37077 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Klaus Dittert
- Department of Crop Science, Section for Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Goettingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
| | - Joachim Schulze
- Department of Crop Science, Section for Plant Nutrition and Crop Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Goettingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, 37075 Goettingen, Germany
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12
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Lin WY, Huang TK, Leong SJ, Chiou TJ. Long-distance call from phosphate: systemic regulation of phosphate starvation responses. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2014; 65:1817-27. [PMID: 24368506 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi) is an essential nutrient for plants but is normally fixed in soil, which limits plant growth and reproduction. In response to low availability of Pi, shoots and roots react differently but cooperatively to improve Pi acquisition from the rhizosphere and adjust Pi distribution and metabolism within plants. Shoot and root responses are coordinated by the trafficking of various kinds of systemic signals through the vasculature. Mutual communication between different tissues is necessary to integrate the environmental stimuli with the internal cues at the whole-plant level. Different approaches have been used to monitor or manipulate components in the vascular stream to reveal several candidates of systemic signals from roots or shoots, including photosynthates, phytohormones, microRNAs, and Pi. In addition, the downstream signalling pathways mediated by these signals have been discovered. The crosstalk among different signalling pathways has been revealed, showing the complexity of the Pi signalling network. In this review, we summarize the approaches used for studying systemic signalling and discuss recent progress and challenges in investigating the systemic signalling pathway that integrates Pi starvation responses to maintain Pi at physiological concentrations. Knowledge gained from this study may help improve the phosphorus use efficiency of crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yi Lin
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan
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13
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Namayanja A, Semoka J, Buruchara R, Nchimbi S, Waswa M. Genotypic Variation for Tolerance to Low Soil Phosphorous in Common Bean under Controlled Screen House Conditions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.4236/as.2014.54030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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14
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Identification of Differential Expressed Proteins Responding to Phosphorus Starvation Based on Proteomic Analysis in Roots of Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). ZUOWU XUEBAO 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1006.2012.00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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15
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Niu YF, Chai RS, Jin GL, Wang H, Tang CX, Zhang YS. Responses of root architecture development to low phosphorus availability: a review. ANNALS OF BOTANY 2013; 112:391-408. [PMID: 23267006 PMCID: PMC3698383 DOI: 10.1093/aob/mcs285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2012] [Accepted: 11/14/2012] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for plant growth and development but it is often a limiting nutrient in soils. Hence, P acquisition from soil by plant roots is a subject of considerable interest in agriculture, ecology and plant root biology. Root architecture, with its shape and structured development, can be considered as an evolutionary response to scarcity of resources. SCOPE This review discusses the significance of root architecture development in response to low P availability and its beneficial effects on alleviation of P stress. It also focuses on recent progress in unravelling cellular, physiological and molecular mechanisms in root developmental adaptation to P starvation. The progress in a more detailed understanding of these mechanisms might be used for developing strategies that build upon the observed explorative behaviour of plant roots. CONCLUSIONS The role of root architecture in alleviation of P stress is well documented. However, this paper describes how plants adjust their root architecture to low-P conditions through inhibition of primary root growth, promotion of lateral root growth, enhancement of root hair development and cluster root formation, which all promote P acquisition by plants. The mechanisms for activating alterations in root architecture in response to P deprivation depend on changes in the localized P concentration, and transport of or sensitivity to growth regulators such as sugars, auxins, ethylene, cytokinins, nitric oxide (NO), reactive oxygen species (ROS) and abscisic acid (ABA). In the process, many genes are activated, which in turn trigger changes in molecular, physiological and cellular processes. As a result, root architecture is modified, allowing plants to adapt effectively to the low-P environment. This review provides a framework for understanding how P deficiency alters root architecture, with a focus on integrated physiological and molecular signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Fang Niu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ru Shan Chai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Gu Lei Jin
- College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Huan Wang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Subtropical Soil and Plant Nutrition, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Cai Xian Tang
- Centre for AgriBioscience/Department of Agricultural Sciences, La Trobe University, Melbourne Campus, Bundoora, Vic 3086, Australia
| | - Yong Song Zhang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environmental Remediation and Ecosystem Health, College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Sulieman S, Ha CV, Schulze J, Tran LSP. Growth and nodulation of symbiotic Medicago truncatula at different levels of phosphorus availability. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2013; 64:2701-12. [PMID: 23682114 PMCID: PMC3697940 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Medicago truncatula is an important model plant for characterization of P deficiency on leguminous plants at the physiological and molecular levels. Growth optimization of this plant with regard to P supply is the first essential step for elucidation of the role of P in regulation of nodulation. Hence, a study was carried out to address the growth pattern of M. truncatula hydroponically grown at different gradual increases in P levels. The findings revealed that M. truncatula had a narrow P regime, with an optimum P level (12 μM P) which is relatively close to the concentration that induces P toxicity. The accumulated P concentration (2.7 mg g(-1) dry matter), which is normal for other crops and legumes, adversely affected the growth of M. truncatula plants. Under P deficiency, M. truncatula showed a higher symbiotic efficiency with Sinorhizobium meliloti 2011 in comparison with S. meliloti 102F51, partially as a result of higher electron allocation to N2 versus H(+). The total composition of free amino acids in the phloem was significantly affected by P deprivation. This pattern was found to be almost exclusively the result of the increase in the asparagine level, suggesting that asparagine might be the shoot-derived signal that translocates to the nodules and exerts the down-regulation of nitrogenase activity. Additionally, P deprivation was found to have a strong influence on the contents of the nodule carbon metabolites. While levels of sucrose and succinate tended to decrease, a higher accumulation of malate was observed. These findings have provided evidence that N2 fixation of M. truncatula is mediated through an N feedback mechanism which is closely related to nodule carbon metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Sulieman
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
- Department of Crop Sciences, Section of Plant Nutrition, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
- Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Khartoum, 13314 Shambat, Khartoum North, Sudan
| | - Chien Van Ha
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
| | - Joachim Schulze
- Department of Crop Sciences, Section of Plant Nutrition, Georg-August-University of Göttingen, Carl-Sprengel-Weg 1, D-37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Lam-Son Phan Tran
- Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, 1-7-22, Suehiro-cho, Tsurumi, Yokohama 230-0045, Japan
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17
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Zhang Z, Lin H, Shen Y, Gao J, Xiang K, Liu L, Ding H, Yuan G, Lan H, Zhou S, Zhao M, Gao S, Rong T, Pan G. Cloning and characterization of miRNAs from maize seedling roots under low phosphorus stress. Mol Biol Rep 2012; 39:8137-46. [PMID: 22562381 PMCID: PMC3383953 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-012-1661-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small, non-coding regulatory RNAs that regulate gene expression by guiding target mRNA cleavage or translational inhibition in plants and animals. In this study, a small RNA library was constructed to identify conserved miRNAs as well as novel miRNAs in maize seedling roots under low level phosphorus stress. Twelve miRNAs were identified by high throughput sequencing of the library and subsequent analysis, two belong to conserved miRNA families (miRNA399b and miRNA156), and the remaining ten are novel and one of latter is conserved in gramineous species. Based on sequence homology, we predicted 125 potential target genes of these miRNAs and then expression patterns of 7 miRNAs were validated by semi-RT-PCR analysis. MiRNA399b, Zma-miR3, and their target genes (Zmpt1 and Zmpt2) were analyzed by real-time PCR. It is shown that both miRNA399b and Zma-miR3 are induced by low phosphorus stress and regulated by their target genes (Zmpt1 and Zmpt2). Moreover, Zma-miR3, regulated by two maize inorganic phosphate transporters as a newly identified miRNAs, would likely be directly involved in phosphate homeostasis, so was miRNA399b in Arabidopsis and rice. These results indicate that both conserved and maize-specific miRNAs play important roles in stress responses and other physiological processes correlated with phosphate starvation, regulated by their target genes. Identification of these differentially expressed miRNAs will facilitate us to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying the progression of maize seedling roots development under low level phosphorus stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiming Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu Campus, 211 Huimin Road, Wenjiang 611130, Sichuan, China
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18
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Guo Y, Kong FM, Xu YF, Zhao Y, Liang X, Wang YY, An DG, Li SS. QTL mapping for seedling traits in wheat grown under varying concentrations of N, P and K nutrients. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2012; 124:851-65. [PMID: 22089330 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-011-1749-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 10/28/2011] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Nutrient use efficiency (NuUE), comprising nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency, is regarded as one of the most important factors for wheat yield. In the present study, six morphological, nine nutrient content and nine nutrient utilization efficiency traits were investigated at the seedling stage using a set of recombinant inbred lines (RILs), under hydroponic culture of 12 treatments including single nutrient levels and two- and three-nutrient combinations treatments of N, P and K. For the 12 designed treatments, a total of 380 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on 20 chromosomes for the 24 traits were detected. Of these, 87, 149 and 144 QTLs for morphological, nutrient content and nutrient utilization efficiency traits were found, respectively. Using the data of the average value (AV) across 12 treatments, 70 QTLs were detected for 23 traits. Most QTLs were located in new marker regions. Twenty-six important QTL clusters were mapped on 13 chromosomes, 1A, 1B, 1D, 2B, 3A, 3B, 4A, 4B, 5D, 6A, 6B, 7A and 7B. Of these, ten clusters involved 147 QTLs (38.7%) for investigated traits, indicating that these 10 loci were more important for the NuUE of N, P and K. We found evidence for cooperative uptake and utilization (CUU) of N, P and K in the early growth period at both the phenotype and QTL level. The correlation coefficients (r) between nutrient content and nutrient utilization efficiency traits for N, P and K were almost all significantly positive correlations. A total of 32 cooperative CUU loci (L1-L32) were found, which included 190 out of the 293 QTLs (64.8%) for the nutrient uptake and utilization efficiency traits, indicating that the CUU-QTLs were common for N, P and K. The CUU-QTLs in L3, L7, L16 and L28 were relatively stable. The CUU-QTLs may explain the CUU phenotype at the QTL level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, China
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19
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Cheng L, Bucciarelli B, Shen J, Allan D, Vance CP. Update on lupin cluster roots. Update on white lupin cluster root acclimation to phosphorus deficiency. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 156:1025-32. [PMID: 21464472 PMCID: PMC3135949 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.175174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Accepted: 03/25/2011] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Carroll P. Vance
- Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China (L.C., J.S.); Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics (L.C., B.B., C.P.V.) and Department of Soil, Water, and Climate (D.A.), University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108; United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 (B.B., C.P.V.)
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20
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Cheng L, Bucciarelli B, Liu J, Zinn K, Miller S, Patton-Vogt J, Allan D, Shen J, Vance CP. White lupin cluster root acclimation to phosphorus deficiency and root hair development involve unique glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterases. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2011; 156:1131-48. [PMID: 21464471 PMCID: PMC3135957 DOI: 10.1104/pp.111.173724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/29/2011] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
White lupin (Lupinus albus) is a legume that is very efficient in accessing unavailable phosphorus (Pi). It develops short, densely clustered tertiary lateral roots (cluster/proteoid roots) in response to Pi limitation. In this report, we characterize two glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase (GPX-PDE) genes (GPX-PDE1 and GPX-PDE2) from white lupin and propose a role for these two GPX-PDEs in root hair growth and development and in a Pi stress-induced phospholipid degradation pathway in cluster roots. Both GPX-PDE1 and GPX-PDE2 are highly expressed in Pi-deficient cluster roots, particularly in root hairs, epidermal cells, and vascular bundles. Expression of both genes is a function of both Pi availability and photosynthate. GPX-PDE1 Pi deficiency-induced expression is attenuated as photosynthate is deprived, while that of GPX-PDE2 is strikingly enhanced. Yeast complementation assays and in vitro enzyme assays revealed that GPX-PDE1 shows catalytic activity with glycerophosphocholine while GPX-PDE2 shows highest activity with glycerophosphoinositol. Cell-free protein extracts from Pi-deficient cluster roots display GPX-PDE enzyme activity for both glycerophosphocholine and glycerophosphoinositol. Knockdown of expression of GPX-PDE through RNA interference resulted in impaired root hair development and density. We propose that white lupin GPX-PDE1 and GPX-PDE2 are involved in the acclimation to Pi limitation by enhancing glycerophosphodiester degradation and mediating root hair development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Carroll P. Vance
- Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Beijing 100193, People’s Republic of China (L.C., J.S.); Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics (L.C., B.B., J.L., S.M., C.P.V.) and Department of Soil, Water, and Climate (J.L., K.Z., D.A.), University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108; United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108 (B.B., S.M., C.P.V.); Department of Biological Sciences, Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282 (J.P.-V.)
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21
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Liu J, Vance CP. Crucial roles of sucrose and microRNA399 in systemic signaling of P deficiency: a tale of two team players? PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2010; 5:1556-60. [PMID: 21139425 PMCID: PMC3115102 DOI: 10.4161/psb.5.12.13293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2010] [Accepted: 08/09/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been recognized as important regulators in plant response to nutrient deficiencies. Of particular interest is the discovery that miR399 functions systemically in the maintenance of phosphate (Pi) homeostasis in response to external Pi fluctuation. Recent studies have further implicated both miR399 and sugars (mainly sucrose) as potential signal molecules in the shoot-to-root communication of phosphorus (P) status. Given that both miR399 and sucrose are transported via the phloem, their potential interaction (or cross-talk) along the signaling pathway is especially appealing for further exploration. In this mini-review, we highlight recent progress in unraveling crucial roles of both sucrose and miR399 in P-deficiency signaling. In particular, we further discuss recent findings that photosynthetic carbon (C) assimilation and subsequent partitioning, by overriding signaling of low external Pi, act as checkpoints upstream of miR399 for the onset of a systemic P-deficiency status.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Liu
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN, USA
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22
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Vance CP. Quantitative trait loci, epigenetics, sugars, and microRNAs: quaternaries in phosphate acquisition and use. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 154:582-8. [PMID: 20921189 PMCID: PMC2949005 DOI: 10.1104/pp.110.161067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Carroll P Vance
- United States Department of Agriculture/Agricultural Research Service, Agronomy and Plant Genetics Department, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
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23
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Abstract
In a recent publication we analyzed the global effects triggered by IAA overproduction in S. meliloti RD64 under free-living conditions by comparing the gene expression pattern of wild type 1021 with that of RD64 and 1021 treated with IAA and other four chemically or functionally related molecules. Among the genes differentially expressed in RD64 and IAA-treated 1021 cells we found two genes of pho operon, phoT and phoC. Based on this finding we examined the mechanisms for mineral P solubilization in RD64 and the potential ability of this strain to improve Medicago growth under P-starved conditions. Here, we further analyze the expression profiles obtained in microarray analysis and evaluate the specificity and the extent of overlap between all treatments. Venn diagrams indicated that IAA- and 2,4-D-regulated genes were closely related. Furthermore, most differentially expressed genes from pSymA were induced in 1021 cells treated with 2,4-D, ICA, IND and Trp as compared to the untreated 1021 cells. RT-PCR analysis was employed to analyze the differential expression patterns of nitrogen fixation genes under free-living and symbiotic conditions. Under symbiotic condition, the relative expression levels of nif and fix genes were significantly induced in Mt- RD64 plants and in Mt-1021 plants treated with IAA and 2,4-D whereas they were unchanged or repressed in Mt-1021 plants treated with the other selected compounds when compared to the untreated Mt-1021 plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Bianco
- Institute of Genetics and Biophysics, Adriano Buzzati Traverso, Naples, Italy
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24
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Sbabou L, Bucciarelli B, Miller S, Liu J, Berhada F, Filali-Maltouf A, Allan D, Vance C. Molecular analysis of SCARECROW genes expressed in white lupin cluster roots. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2010; 61:1351-63. [PMID: 20167612 PMCID: PMC2837254 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Revised: 12/18/2009] [Accepted: 12/24/2009] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The Scarecrow (SCR) transcription factor plays a crucial role in root cell radial patterning and is required for maintenance of the quiescent centre and differentiation of the endodermis. In response to phosphorus (P) deficiency, white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) root surface area increases some 50-fold to 70-fold due to the development of cluster (proteoid) roots. Previously it was reported that SCR-like expressed sequence tags (ESTs) were expressed during early cluster root development. Here the cloning of two white lupin SCR genes, LaSCR1 and LaSCR2, is reported. The predicted amino acid sequences of both LaSCR gene products are highly similar to AtSCR and contain C-terminal conserved GRAS family domains. LaSCR1 and LaSCR2 transcript accumulation localized to the endodermis of both normal and cluster roots as shown by in situ hybridization and gene promoter::reporter staining. Transcript analysis as evaluated by quantitative real-time-PCR (qRT-PCR) and RNA gel hybridization indicated that the two LaSCR genes are expressed predominantly in roots. Expression of LaSCR genes was not directly responsive to the P status of the plant but was a function of cluster root development. Suppression of LaSCR1 in transformed roots of lupin and Medicago via RNAi (RNA interference) delivered through Agrobacterium rhizogenes resulted in decreased root numbers, reflecting the potential role of LaSCR1 in maintaining root growth in these species. The results suggest that the functional orthologues of AtSCR have been characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laila Sbabou
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Bruna Bucciarelli
- USDA-ARS, Plant Science Research Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Susan Miller
- USDA-ARS, Plant Science Research Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Fatiha Berhada
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Abdelkarim Filali-Maltouf
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Biologie Moléculaire, Faculté des Sciences, Université Mohammed V, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Deborah Allan
- Department of Soil, Water, and Climate, University of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Carroll Vance
- Department of Agronomy and Plant Genetics, University of Minnesota, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
- USDA-ARS, Plant Science Research Unit, 1991 Upper Buford Circle, St Paul, MN 55108, USA
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Secco D, Baumann A, Poirier Y. Characterization of the rice PHO1 gene family reveals a key role for OsPHO1;2 in phosphate homeostasis and the evolution of a distinct clade in dicotyledons. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2010; 152:1693-704. [PMID: 20081045 PMCID: PMC2832267 DOI: 10.1104/pp.109.149872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2009] [Accepted: 01/12/2010] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate homeostasis was studied in a monocotyledonous model plant through the characterization of the PHO1 gene family in rice (Oryza sativa). Bioinformatics and phylogenetic analysis showed that the rice genome has three PHO1 homologs, which cluster with the Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) AtPHO1 and AtPHO1;H1, the only two genes known to be involved in root-to-shoot transfer of phosphate. In contrast to the Arabidopsis PHO1 gene family, all three rice PHO1 genes have a cis-natural antisense transcript located at the 5 ' end of the genes. Strand-specific quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analyses revealed distinct patterns of expression for sense and antisense transcripts for all three genes, both at the level of tissue expression and in response to nutrient stress. The most abundantly expressed gene was OsPHO1;2 in the roots, for both sense and antisense transcripts. However, while the OsPHO1;2 sense transcript was relatively stable under various nutrient deficiencies, the antisense transcript was highly induced by inorganic phosphate (Pi) deficiency. Characterization of Ospho1;1 and Ospho1;2 insertion mutants revealed that only Ospho1;2 mutants had defects in Pi homeostasis, namely strong reduction in Pi transfer from root to shoot, which was accompanied by low-shoot and high-root Pi. Our data identify OsPHO1;2 as playing a key role in the transfer of Pi from roots to shoots in rice, and indicate that this gene could be regulated by its cis-natural antisense transcripts. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of PHO1 homologs in monocotyledons and dicotyledons revealed the emergence of a distinct clade of PHO1 genes in dicotyledons, which include members having roles other than long-distance Pi transport.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yves Poirier
- Département de Biologie Moléculaire Végétale, Biophore, Université de Lausanne, CH–1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
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Tian L, Peel GJ, Lei Z, Aziz N, Dai X, He J, Watson B, Zhao PX, Sumner LW, Dixon RA. Transcript and proteomic analysis of developing white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) roots. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2009; 9:1. [PMID: 19123941 PMCID: PMC2630931 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2229-9-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2008] [Accepted: 01/05/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND White lupin (Lupinus albus L.) roots efficiently take up and accumulate (heavy) metals, adapt to phosphate deficiency by forming cluster roots, and secrete antimicrobial prenylated isoflavones during development. Genomic and proteomic approaches were applied to identify candidate genes and proteins involved in antimicrobial defense and (heavy) metal uptake and translocation. RESULTS A cDNA library was constructed from roots of white lupin seedlings. Eight thousand clones were randomly sequenced and assembled into 2,455 unigenes, which were annotated based on homologous matches in the NCBInr protein database. A reference map of developing white lupin root proteins was established through 2-D gel electrophoresis and peptide mass fingerprinting. High quality peptide mass spectra were obtained for 170 proteins. Microsomal membrane proteins were separated by 1-D gel electrophoresis and identified by LC-MS/MS. A total of 74 proteins were putatively identified by the peptide mass fingerprinting and the LC-MS/MS methods. Genomic and proteomic analyses identified candidate genes and proteins encoding metal binding and/or transport proteins, transcription factors, ABC transporters and phenylpropanoid biosynthetic enzymes. CONCLUSION The combined EST and protein datasets will facilitate the understanding of white lupin's response to biotic and abiotic stresses and its utility for phytoremediation. The root ESTs provided 82 perfect simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers with potential utility in breeding white lupin for enhanced agronomic traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tian
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Gregory J Peel
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Zhentian Lei
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Naveed Aziz
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
- CNAP, Department of Biology, University of York, York, YO 10 5YW, UK
| | - Xinbin Dai
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Ji He
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Bonnie Watson
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Patrick X Zhao
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Lloyd W Sumner
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Richard A Dixon
- Plant Biology Division, Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
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Valdés-López O, Arenas-Huertero C, Ramírez M, Girard L, Sánchez F, Vance CP, Luis Reyes J, Hernández G. Essential role of MYB transcription factor: PvPHR1 and microRNA: PvmiR399 in phosphorus-deficiency signalling in common bean roots. PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2008; 31:1834-43. [PMID: 18771575 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-3040.2008.01883.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P), an essential element for plants, is one of the most limiting nutrients for plant growth. A few transcription factor (TF) genes involved in P-starvation signalling have been characterized for Arabidopsis thaliana and rice. Crop production of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), the most important legume for human consumption, is often limited by low P in the soil. Despite its agronomic importance, nothing is known about transcriptional regulation in P-deficient bean plants. We functionally characterized the P-deficiency-induced MYB TF TC3604 (Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Common Bean Gene Index v.2.0), ortholog to AtPHR1 (PvPHR1). For its study, we applied RNAi technology in bean composite plants. PvPHR1 is a positive regulator of genes implicated in P transport, remobilization and homeostasis. Although there are no reports on the regulatory roles of microRNAs (miRNA) in bean, we demonstrated that PvmiR399 is an essential component of the PvPHR1 signalling pathway. The analysis of DICER-like1 (PvDCL1) silenced bean composite plants suppressed for accumulation of PvmiR399 and other miRNAs suggested that miR399 is a negative regulator of the ubiquitin E2 conjugase: PvPHO2 expression. Our results set the basis for understanding the signalling for P-starvation responses in common bean and may contribute to crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Valdés-López
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca, Mor. México
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Valdés-López O, Hernández G. Transcriptional regulation and signaling in phosphorus starvation: what about legumes? JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2008; 50:1213-22. [PMID: 19017108 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7909.2008.00758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The availability of soil phosphorus (P), an essential element, is one of the most important requirements for plant growth and crop production. The morphological and physiological adaptations evolved by plants to cope with P starvation have been well characterized. Several P deficiency plant responses are regulated at the transcriptional level. Microarray analysis has generated valuable information on global gene expression in Arabidopsis thaliana grown under P-stress. Despite the identification of P responsive genes, little is known about the regulation of gene expression changes. Four transcription factors, PHR1, WRKY75, ZAT6 and BHLH32, involved in P starvation signaling have been characterized in Arabidopsis, and signaling pathways are deciphered. This review analyzes the current knowledge of transcriptional regulation of P starvation responses in Arabidopsis vis-à-vis legumes such as lupine, common bean and Medicago truncatula. The knowledge on regulatory and signaling mechanisms involved in P acquisition and use in legumes will be useful for improvement of these crops, which account for a large proportion of the world's crop production, providing good nutritional quality feed and food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oswaldo Valdés-López
- Centro de Ciencias Genómicas Centre for Genomic Sciences, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México National University of Mexico, Cuernavaca, Morelos 62210, México
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Calderon-Vazquez C, Ibarra-Laclette E, Caballero-Perez J, Herrera-Estrella L. Transcript profiling of Zea mays roots reveals gene responses to phosphate deficiency at the plant- and species-specific levels. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2008; 59:2479-97. [PMID: 18503042 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ern115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Maize (Zea mays) is the most widely cultivated crop around the world; however, it is commonly affected by phosphate (Pi) deficiency in many regions, particularly in acid and alkaline soils of developing countries. To cope with Pi deficiency, plants have evolved a large number of developmental and biochemical adaptations; however, for maize, the underlying molecular basis of these responses is still unknown. In this work, the transcriptional response of maize roots to Pi starvation at 1, 3, 6, and 10 d after the onset of Pi deprivation was assessed. The investigation revealed a total of 1179 Pi-responsive genes, of which 820 and 363 genes were found to be either up- or down-regulated, respectively, by 2-fold or more. Pi-responsive genes were found to be involved in various metabolic, signal transduction, and developmental gene networks. A large set of transcription factors, which may be potential targets for crop breeding, was identified. In addition, gene expression profiles and changes in specific metabolites were also correlated. The results show that several dicotyledonous plant responses to Pi starvation are conserved in maize, but that some genetic responses appear to be more specific and that Pi deficiency leads to a shift in the recycling of internal Pi in maize roots. Ultimately, this work provides a more comprehensive view of Pi-responses in a model for economically important cereals and also sets a framework to produce Pi-specific maize microarrays to study the changes in global gene expression between Pi-efficient and Pi-inefficient maize genotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Calderon-Vazquez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Genética de Plantas, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Campus Guanajuato, PO BOX 629, Irapuato Guanajuato, México 36821
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