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Perini I, Pabst A, Martinez D, Maurage P, Heilig M. Modeling social cognition in alcohol use disorder: lessons from schizophrenia. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2024:10.1007/s00213-024-06601-0. [PMID: 38761256 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-024-06601-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
A better understanding of social deficits in alcohol use disorder (AUD) has the potential to improve our understanding of the disorder. Clinical research shows that AUD is associated with interpersonal problems and the loss of a social network which impedes response to treatment. Translational research between animal models and clinical research may benefit from a discussion of the models and methods that currently guide research into social cognition in AUD. We propose that research in AUD should harness recent technological developments to improve ecological validity while maintaining experimental control. Novel methods allow us to parse naturalistic social cognition into tangible components, and to investigate previously neglected aspects of social cognition. Furthermore, to incorporate social cognition as a defining element of AUD, it is critical to clarify the timing of these social disturbances. Currently, there is limited evidence to distinguish factors that influence social cognition as a consequence of AUD, and those that precede the onset of the disorder. Both increasing the focus on operationalization of social cognition into objective components and adopting a perspective that spans the clinical spectrum will improve our understanding in humans, but also possibly increase methodological consistency and translational dialogue across species. This commentary underscores current challenges and perspectives in this area of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Perini
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden.
- Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linköping, Sweden.
| | - Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Place C. Mercier 10, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Diana Martinez
- Columbia University, New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Place C. Mercier 10, Louvain-la-Neuve, B-1348, Belgium
| | - Markus Heilig
- Center for Social and Affective Neuroscience, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Baltariu IC, Enea V, de Jong PJ, Aan Het Rot M. Associations between alcohol consumption and empathy in a non-clinical sample: drinking motives as a moderator. Sci Rep 2024; 14:10993. [PMID: 38744834 PMCID: PMC11094050 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59233-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
People consume alcohol for multiple reasons. Negative motives are often associated with alcohol-related problems. These problems might be explained by negative effects of high alcohol consumption on empathy. Past studies have associated alcohol use disorder (AUD) with reduced cognitive and affective empathy. Few studies have focused on non-clinical samples and considered behavioral empathy. We examined the links between alcohol consumption and multiple aspects of empathy, and if these links were moderated by negative drinking motives. We collected online data of 520 unselected individuals. All completed the AUD Identification Test (AUDIT) and a Drinking Motives Questionnaire. Affective and cognitive empathy were assessed using the Empathy Quotient. Behavioral empathy was assessed by asking participants how likely they would help the person in each of 24 scenarios involving pain. Helping others in pain was positively predicted by affective and cognitive empathy. Higher AUDIT scores were associated with helping others less, particularly among participants who scored higher on drinking to cope with negative affect. People who drink more and do so to cope with negative affect appear to have less behavioral empathy. This supports the view that negative drinking motives contribute to AUD risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle C Baltariu
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, The Netherlands.
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Iași, Romania.
| | - Violeta Enea
- Department of Psychology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iași, Iași, Romania
| | - Peter J de Jong
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marije Aan Het Rot
- Department of Psychology, University of Groningen, Grote Kruisstraat 2/1, Groningen, The Netherlands
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Msika EF, Despres M, Piolino P, Narme P. Dynamic and/or multimodal assessments for social cognition in neuropsychology: Results from a systematic literature review. Clin Neuropsychol 2024; 38:922-962. [PMID: 37904259 DOI: 10.1080/13854046.2023.2266172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Objective: Despite the prevalence of socio-cognitive disturbances, and their important diagnostic/therapeutic implications, the assessment of these disturbances remains scarce. This systematic review aims to identify available social cognition tools for adult assessment that use multimodal and/or dynamic social cues, specifying their strengths and limitations (e.g. from a methodological, psychometric, ecological, and clinical perspective). Method: An electronic search was conducted in Pubmed, PsychINFO, Embase and Scopus databases for articles published up to the 3th of January 2023 and the first 200 Google Scholar results on the same date. The PRISMA methodology was applied, 3884 studies were screened based on title and abstract and 329 full texts were screened. Articles using pseudo-dynamic methodologies (e.g. morphing), reported only subjective or self-reported measures, or investigated only physiological or brain activity responses were excluded. Results: In total, 149 works were included in this review, representing 65 assessment tools (i.e. 48% studying emotion recognition (n = 31), 32% Theory of Mind (n = 21), 5% empathy (n = 3), 1.5% moral cognition/social reasoning (n = 1), and 14% being multimodal (n = 9)). For each study, the tool's main characteristics, psychometric properties, ecological validity indicators and available norms are reported. The tools are presented according to social-cognitive process assessed and communication channels used. Conclusions: This study highlights the lack of validated and standardized tools. A few tools appear to partially meet some clinical needs. The development of methodologies using a first-person paradigm and taking into account the multidimensional nature of social cognition seems a relevant research endeavour for greater ecological validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Flore Msika
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition, Université Paris Cité, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Mathilde Despres
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition, Université Paris Cité, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Pascale Piolino
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition, Université Paris Cité, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
| | - Pauline Narme
- Laboratoire Mémoire, Cerveau et Cognition, Université Paris Cité, Boulogne-Billancourt, France
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Schmid F, Henry A, Benzerouk F, Barrière S, Portefaix C, Gondrexon J, Obert A, Kaladjian A, Gierski F. Neural activations during cognitive and affective theory of mind processing in healthy adults with a family history of alcohol use disorder. Psychol Med 2024; 54:1034-1044. [PMID: 37753626 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291723002854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social cognition impairments are a common feature of alcohol use disorders (AUD). However, it remains unclear whether these impairments are solely the consequence of chronic alcohol consumption or whether they could be a marker of vulnerability. METHODS The present study implemented a family history approach to address this question for a key process of social cognition: theory of mind (ToM). Thirty healthy adults with a family history of AUD (FH+) and 30 healthy adults with a negative family history of AUD (FH-), matched for age, sex, and education level, underwent an fMRI cartoon-vignette paradigm assessing cognitive and affective ToM. Participants also completed questionnaires evaluating anxiety, depressive symptoms, childhood trauma, and alexithymia. RESULTS Results indicated that FH+ individuals differed from FH- individuals on affective but not cognitive ToM processing, at both the behavioral and neural levels. At the behavioral level, the FH+ group had lower response accuracy for affective ToM compared with the FH- group. At the neural level, the FH+ group had higher brain activations in the left insula and inferior frontal cortex during affective ToM processing. These activations remained significant when controlling for depressive symptoms, anxiety, and childhood trauma. CONCLUSIONS These findings highlight difficulties during affective ToM processing among first-degree relatives of AUD patients, supporting the idea that some of the impairments exhibited by these patients may already be present before the onset of AUD and may be considered a marker of vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Schmid
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - A Henry
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - F Benzerouk
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
- INSERM U1247, Research Group on Alcohol and Dependences, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
| | - S Barrière
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - C Portefaix
- Radiology Department, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences et Technologies de l'Information et de la Communication (CReSTIC - EA 3804), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
| | - J Gondrexon
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - A Obert
- Laboratoire Sciences de la Cognition, Technologie, Ergonomie (SCOTE - EA 7420), Champollion National University Institute, Albi, France
| | - A Kaladjian
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
| | - F Gierski
- Laboratoire Cognition, Santé, Société (C2S - EA 6291), University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Reims, France
- Psychiatry Department, Marne Public Mental Health Institute & Reims University Hospital, Reims, France
- INSERM U1247, Research Group on Alcohol and Dependences, University of Picardy Jules Verne, Amiens, France
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Knopp M, Burghardt J, Oppenauer C, Meyer B, Moritz S, Sprung M. Affective and cognitive Theory of Mind in patients with alcohol use disorder: Associations with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and somatization. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2024; 157:209227. [PMID: 37992810 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Theory of Mind (ToM) is the ability to ascribe thoughts (cognitive ToM) and feelings (affective ToM) to others. Ample evidence exists for impairments of affective and cognitive ToM in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD); however, evidence regarding changes of these impairments during AUD treatment and their possible relationship to comorbid symptoms is ambiguous. The current study analyzed changes in ToM during treatment and tested associations with comorbid symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, and social functioning. METHODS We analyzed data from 175 individuals with AUD. The study assessed ToM and comorbid symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, and social functioning at the time of admission and at the time of discharge from an approximately 60 days long abstinence-oriented inpatient treatment. We assessed affective and cognitive ToM using the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition, a measure with high ecological validity. RESULTS All symptoms, total and cognitive ToM improved following treatment; however, affective ToM did not improve. Moreover, cognitive ToM at the beginning of treatment was associated with improved symptoms of depression and somatization, while affective ToM was not. CONCLUSIONS Our study shows improvements in total and cognitive ToM as well as symptoms of depression, anxiety, somatization, and social functioning following long-term treatment. Furthermore, cognitive ToM was related to improvements in comorbid symptoms. This finding suggests that ToM may be an important treatment target in patients with AUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Knopp
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, Leopoldstraße 13, 80802 München, Germany.
| | - Juliane Burghardt
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Claudia Oppenauer
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Steffen Moritz
- University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Manuel Sprung
- Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Division of Clinical Psychology, Dr.-Karl-Dorrek-Straße 30, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria; Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Department of Psychology, Leopoldstraße 13, 80802 München, Germany; University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany; Psychiatric Rehabilitation Clinic Gars am Kamp, Psychosomatisches Zentrum Waldviertel, Kremserstraße 656, 3571 Gars am Kamp, Austria
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Petit G, Leclercq S, Quoilin C, Poncin M, Starkel P, Maurage P, Rolland B, Dricot L, De Timary P. Links between psychopathological symptoms and cortical thickness in men with severe alcohol use disorder: A Magnetic Resonance Imaging study. Neuropsychopharmacol Rep 2023; 43:513-520. [PMID: 37013368 PMCID: PMC10739149 DOI: 10.1002/npr2.12331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anxiety and depression are psychopathological states frequently co-occurring with severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). These symptoms generally disappear with abstinence but may persist in some patients, increasing the relapse risk. METHODS The cerebral cortex thickness of 94 male patients with SAUD was correlated with symptoms of depression and anxiety, both measured at the end (2-3 weeks) of the detoxification treatment. Cortical measures were obtained using surface-based morphometry implemented with Freesurfer. RESULTS Depressive symptoms were associated with reduced cortical thickness in the superior temporal gyrus of the right hemisphere. Anxiety level was correlated with lower cortical thickness in the rostral middle frontal region, inferior temporal region, and supramarginal, postcentral, superior temporal, and transverse temporal regions of the left hemisphere, as well as with a large cluster in the middle temporal region of the right hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS At the end of the detoxification stage, the intensity of depressive and anxiety symptoms is inversely associated with the cortical thickness of regions involved in emotions-related processes, and the persistence of the symptoms could be explained by these brain deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Petit
- Psychiatric Emergency Unit, Department of Adult PsychiatryCliniques Universitaires Saint LucBrusselsBelgium
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | - Sophie Leclercq
- Laboratory of Nutritional PsychiatryInstitute of Neuroscience, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
| | | | - Marie Poncin
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY)UCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Peter Starkel
- Laboratory of Hepato‐GastroenterologyUCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Hepato‐GastroenterologyCliniques Universitaires Saint LucBrusselsBelgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute (IPSY)UCLouvainLouvain‐la‐NeuveBelgium
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- CH Le Vinatier, Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL)BronFrance
| | | | - Philippe De Timary
- Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Laboratory of Hepato‐GastroenterologyUCLouvainBrusselsBelgium
- Department of Adult PsychiatryCliniques Universitaires Saint LucBrusselsBelgium
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7
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Quelch D, Roderique-Davies G, John B. Alcohol-related brain damage: an umbrella (term) for the approaching post-COVID monsoon. Future Healthc J 2023; 10:313-320. [PMID: 38162212 PMCID: PMC10753228 DOI: 10.7861/fhj.2023-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Individuals with alcohol-related brain damage (ARBD) represent a population whose healthcare needs often go unmet. This is the result of a lack of not only an awareness surrounding the condition by healthcare professionals, but also healthcare service inclusion and delivery, more broadly. The Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the associated lockdowns dramatically affected the accessibility and availability of addiction services globally, while also driving changes in alcohol consumption among the most vulnerable. In the absence of change, this culmination of increased high-risk drinking behaviour, lack of awareness by healthcare professionals and severely limited service delivery for individuals living with ARBD post COVID-19, represents a perfect storm that is rapidly approaching our health and care services world-wide. Collectively, this will reduce positive health outcomes in an already at-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darren Quelch
- Addictions Research Group, Applied Psychology Research and Innovation Group, Faculty of Life Science and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Gareth Roderique-Davies
- Addictions Research Group, Applied Psychology Research and Innovation Group, Faculty of Life Science and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
| | - Bev John
- Addictions Research Group, Applied Psychology Research and Innovation Group, Faculty of Life Science and Education, University of South Wales, Pontypridd, UK
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Davion JB, Tard C, Kuchcinski G, Fragoso L, Wilu-Wilu A, Maurage P, Nguyen The Tich S, Defebvre L, D'Hondt F, Delbeuck X. Characterization of theory of mind performance in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1. Cortex 2023; 168:181-192. [PMID: 37742438 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2023.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is associated with motor dysfunction as well as psychological and cognitive impairments, including altered social cognition. Theory of mind (ToM) impairments have been reported in this disease but their nature and their cognitive/cerebral correlates have yet to be determined. METHODS Fifty DM1 patients and 50 healthy controls were assessed using the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition, which quantifies impairments in affective and cognitive components of ToM through the depiction of everyday situations. We also measured the study participants' cognitive, behavioral and social abilities, quality of life, and brain MRI characteristics. RESULTS DM1 patients presented a significant impairment in ToM performance compared to controls (p < .001). The patients' errors were related to hypomentalizations (p < .001 vs controls) but not to hypermentalizations (p = .95). The affective component was affected (p < .001 vs controls) but not the cognitive component (p = .09). The ToM impairment was associated with demographic variables (older age and a lower educational level), genetic findings (a larger CTG triplets repeat expansion) and cognitive scores (slower information processing speed). Associations were also found with brain MRI variables (lower white matter and supratentorial volumes) but not with behavioral or social variables. DISCUSSION DM1 patients display a ToM impairment, characterized by predominant hypomentalizations concerning the affective component. This impairment might result from structural brain abnormalities observed in DM1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Baptiste Davion
- U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Department of Neurology, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Department of Pediatric Neurology, CHU Lille, Lille, France.
| | - Céline Tard
- U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Department of Neurology, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Grégory Kuchcinski
- U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Department of Neuroradiology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Loren Fragoso
- Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Amina Wilu-Wilu
- Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Catholic University of Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Sylvie Nguyen The Tich
- Reference Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases Nord/Est/Ile-de-France, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Department of Pediatric Neurology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Luc Defebvre
- U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Department of Neurology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Department of Psychiatry, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Lille-Paris National Resource and Resilience Center (CN2R), Lille, France
| | - Xavier Delbeuck
- U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, Lille, France; Department of Neurology, CHU Lille, Lille, France
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Pabst A, Billaux P, Gautier M, Maurage P. Rejection sensitivity in severe alcohol use disorder: Increased anxious anticipation of rejection. J Psychiatr Res 2023; 164:23-27. [PMID: 37311400 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.05.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Rejection sensitivity (RS) reflects the disposition to anxiously expect, readily perceive, and disproportionately react to rejection. It is linked to interpersonal problems and psychopathological symptoms, which are frequent in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) and are known to influence clinical outcomes. Consequently, RS has been put forward as a process of interest in this disorder. However, empirical studies investigating RS in SAUD are scarce and focused on its last two components, leaving the core process of anxious expectations of rejection unexplored. To fil this gap, 105 patients with SAUD and 73 age-and-gender-matched controls completed the validated Adult Rejection Sensitivity Scale. We computed anxious anticipation (AA), and rejection expectancy (RE) scores, corresponding to the affective and cognitive dimensions of anxious expectations of rejection, respectively. Participants also completed measures of interpersonal problems and psychopathological symptoms. We found that patients with SAUD had higher AA (affective dimension) but not RE (cognitive dimension) scores. Moreover, AA was associated with interpersonal problems as well as psychopathological symptoms in the SAUD sample. These findings meaningfully extend the RS and social cognition literatures in SAUD by showing that difficulties already arise at the anticipatory stage of socio-affective information processing. Moreover, they shed light on the affective component of anxious expectations of rejection as a novel, clinically relevant process in this disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pauline Billaux
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Mado Gautier
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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10
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Monk RL, Qureshi AW, Knibb G, McGale L, Nair L, Kelly J, Collins H, Heim D. In people who drink more, facets of theory of mind may be impaired by alcohol stimuli. Drug Alcohol Depend 2023; 245:109811. [PMID: 36871375 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Theory of mind (ToM) - the ability to understand others' beliefs, mental states, and knowledge - is an important part of successful social interaction. There is a growing (albeit mixed) evidence base suggesting that individuals with substance use disorder or who are intoxicated (relative to sober controls) perform worse on a number of ToM tasks. The aim of this study was to explore the hitherto little explored notion that ToM-related capabilities such as the ability to see the world from another person's perspective (termed Visual Perspective Taking; VPT), may be impacted by alcohol-related stimuli. METHOD In this pre-registered study, 108 participants (M age = 25.75, SD age = 5.67) completed a revised version of the director task where they followed the instructions of an avatar to move both alcohol beverages and soft drinks that were mutually visible (target objects) while avoiding those only visible to the participant (distractor items). RESULTS Contrary to predictions, accuracy was lower when the target drink was alcohol and the distractor was a soft drink, although higher AUDIT scores were associated with significantly lower accuracy when alcohol drinks were the distractor items. CONCLUSIONS There may be some contexts when being able to see alcohol beverages makes it harder to take another person's perspective. It also appears that poorer VPT and perhaps ToM capacity may be evident in individuals who consume more alcohol. Future research is warranted to examine how alcohol beverages, alcohol consumption behaviours, and intoxication interact to impact VPT capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Monk
- Edge Hill University, UK; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, UK.
| | - Adam W Qureshi
- Edge Hill University, UK; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, UK.
| | - Graeme Knibb
- Edge Hill University, UK; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, UK.
| | - Lauren McGale
- Edge Hill University, UK; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, UK.
| | - Leonie Nair
- Edge Hill University, UK; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, UK
| | - Jordan Kelly
- Edge Hill University, UK; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, UK
| | - Hope Collins
- Edge Hill University, UK; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, UK
| | - Derek Heim
- Edge Hill University, UK; Liverpool Centre for Alcohol Research, UK.
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Sampedro-Piquero P, Zancada-Menéndez C, Bernabéu-Brotons E, Moreno-Fernández RD. The Relationship between Binge Drinking and Binge Eating in Adolescence and Youth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 20:232. [PMID: 36612554 PMCID: PMC9819376 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20010232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Adolescence and youth are critical periods in which alcohol consumption is usually initiated, especially in the form of binge drinking. In recent years, it is increasingly common to find adolescents and young people who also present binge behaviors towards unhealthy food with the aim of alleviating their anxiety (emotional eating) and/or because of impulsive personality. Despite the social and health relevance of this issue, it remains scarcely studied and more preventive research needs to be developed. Our meta-analysis study aimed to evaluate the relationship and co-occurrence of both binge behaviors during adolescence and young adulthood to clarify the link between binge drinking and eating. Selective literature search on different online databases was performed. We identified discrete but significant results regarding the direct association between binge drinking and binge eating in correlation coefficients and odds ratio. Future research should focus on the common psychological background and motives behind these problematic behaviors owing to their clinical implications for effective prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Sampedro-Piquero
- Departamento de Psicología Biológica y de la Salud, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Zancada-Menéndez
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Internacional de La Rioja (UNIR), 26006 Logroño, Spain
| | - Elena Bernabéu-Brotons
- Facultad de Educación y Psicología, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
| | - Román D. Moreno-Fernández
- Facultad de Educación y Psicología, Universidad Francisco de Vitoria, 28223 Pozuelo de Alarcón, Spain
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12
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Kumar L, Skrzynski CJ, Creswell KG. Systematic review and meta-analysis on the association between theory of mind and alcohol problems in non-clinical samples. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2022; 46:1944-1952. [PMID: 36117380 PMCID: PMC9722547 DOI: 10.1111/acer.14943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deficits in theory of mind (ToM) found in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) are often thought to result from prolonged heavy alcohol use. However, links between deficits in ToM and greater alcohol problems are often also present in non-clinical samples (e.g., adolescents and young adults) who may not have a similar long-lasting history of alcohol consumption as individuals with AUD. The current study is the first to systematically review and meta-analyze results from studies examining associations between lower ToM and greater alcohol problems in non-clinical samples. Evidence of reliable associations in these non-clinical samples would support the idea that deficits in ToM might also precede the emergence of AUD. METHODS PsycINFO, PubMed, and Google Scholar were searched according to our preregistered International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) protocol (CRD42021225392) and following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology. We systematically reviewed sample characteristics and ToM measures in identified articles. We then meta-analyzed the findings of association between ToM and alcohol problems in non-clinical samples using random effects models. RESULTS Nearly all studies used a measure of ToM that assessed the ability to infer the mental states of others based on eye region cues. Meta-analytic results demonstrated that lower ToM was associated with more alcohol problems (r = -0.16, k = 6, CI = [-0.26, -0.04], p < 0.01, Q = 15.55, I2 = 67.85), and there was significant heterogeneity across studies. Gender (ß = 0.0003, CI = [-0.006, 0.007], z = 0.09, p = 0.93), age (ß = -0.008, CI = [-0.03, 0.01], z = -0.82, p = 0.42), and study quality (ß = -0.10, CI = [-0.35, 0.15], z = -0.82, p = 0.41) did not explain the heterogeneity. CONCLUSION In non-clinical samples, lower ToM is associated with more alcohol problems, indicative of a small effect size. Future longitudinal studies are needed to explore whether socio-cognitive deficits may also serve as a risk factor for alcohol misuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakshmi Kumar
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Carillon J. Skrzynski
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, University of Colorado Boulder, 1600 Pleasant St., Boulder, CO, 80309, USA
| | - Kasey G. Creswell
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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13
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Knopp M, Burghardt J, Meyer B, Riffer F, Sprung M. How Individual and Situational Factors Influence Measures of Affective and Cognitive Theory of Mind in Psychiatric Inpatients. Front Psychol 2022; 13:855038. [PMID: 35664128 PMCID: PMC9161354 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.855038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders are associated with difficulties to correctly infer the mental states of other’s (theory of mind; ToM). These inferences either relate to affective states of others (affective ToM) or to their thoughts, intentions, or beliefs (cognitive ToM) and can be associated with mental disorder. The current study explores the influence of individual and situational effects on the measurement of ToM abilities within two clinical samples, to increase generalizability. We analyzed data from 229 in-patients; 103 patients treated for alcohol use disorder and 126 patients treated for a personality disorder. ToM was assessed with the Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition (MASC). We analyzed changes in test performance over the course of the test using a logistic linear mixed effects model. Performance on the cognitive ToM items decreased over time, while performance on the affective ToM items increased over time. This difference was more pronounced among older individuals. The results show important moderators of ToM performance that might help to resolve inconsistencies in the current literature about ToM abilities in different clinical or age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Knopp
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- *Correspondence: Magdalena Knopp,
| | - Juliane Burghardt
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Bernhard Meyer
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Friedrich Riffer
- Psychiatric Rehabilitation Clinic Gars am Kamp, Psychosomatisches Zentrum Waldviertel, Gars am Kamp, Austria
- Psychosomatisches Zentrum Waldviertel, University Hospital for Psychosomatic Medicine Eggenburg, Eggenburg, Austria
| | - Manuel Sprung
- Division of Clinical Psychology, Department of Psychology and Psychodynamics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems an der Donau, Austria
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Educational Sciences, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Psychiatric Rehabilitation Clinic Gars am Kamp, Psychosomatisches Zentrum Waldviertel, Gars am Kamp, Austria
- Psychosomatisches Zentrum Waldviertel, University Hospital for Psychosomatic Medicine Eggenburg, Eggenburg, Austria
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14
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Aidelbaum R, Goghari V. A Visual Task-Based Assessment of Theory of Mind and Social Perception Within Bipolar Disorder. J Nerv Ment Dis 2022; 210:37-44. [PMID: 34743085 DOI: 10.1097/nmd.0000000000001408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Evidence suggests that theory of mind (TOM) and social perception (SP) may be impaired within bipolar disorder (BD). However, it remains unclear whether these deficits are facet specific and predictive of functioning. This study assessed the manifestation of TOM and SP in a BD sample. Twenty-six individuals diagnosed with BD and 25 controls were recruited and assessed for TOM, SP, and functioning. Whereas differences were observed regarding functional outcome, differences were not observed regarding social cognitive performance, regardless of facet. Correlations between social cognitive and functional outcome domains were nonsignificant, whereas significant associations were observed between the social cognitive measures. Results suggest that despite functional differences, TOM and SP, independent of facet assessed, seem preserved within the BD sample. Although evidence was not provided supporting the utility of TOM and SP in the prediction of functional outcome, evidence supports the possible dependence of these social cognitive domains on shared underlying processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Aidelbaum
- Graduate Department of Psychological Clinical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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15
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Van Overwalle F, Baeken C, Campanella S, Crunelle CL, Heleven E, Kornreich C, Leggio M, Noël X, Vanderhasselt MA, Baetens K. The Role of the Posterior Cerebellum in Dysfunctional Social Sequencing. THE CEREBELLUM 2021; 21:1123-1134. [PMID: 34637054 DOI: 10.1007/s12311-021-01330-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in social neuroscience have highlighted the critical role of the cerebellum in social cognition, and especially the posterior cerebellum. Studies have supported the view that the posterior cerebellum builds internal action models of our social interactions to predict how other people's actions will be executed and what our most likely responses are to these actions. This mechanism allows to better anticipate action sequences during social interactions in an automatic and intuitive way and to fine-tune these anticipations, making it easier to understand other's social behaviors and mental states (e.g., beliefs, intentions, traits). In this paper, we argue that the central role of the posterior cerebellum in identifying and automatizing social action sequencing provides a fruitful starting point for investigating social dysfunctions in a variety of clinical pathologies, such as autism, obsessive-compulsive and bipolar disorder, depression, and addiction. Our key hypothesis is that dysfunctions of the posterior cerebellum lead to under- or overuse of inflexible social routines and lack of plasticity for learning new, more adaptive, social automatisms. We briefly review past research supporting this view and propose a program of research to test our hypothesis. This approach might alleviate a variety of mental problems of individuals who suffer from inflexible automatizations that stand in the way of adjustable and intuitive social behavior, by increasing posterior cerebellar plasticity using noninvasive neurostimulation or neuro-guided training programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank Van Overwalle
- Department of Psychology & Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.
| | - Chris Baeken
- Department of Psychology & Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel & Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.,Department of Psychiatry, Ghent Experimental Psychiatry Lab, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, the Netherlands
| | - Salvatore Campanella
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale Et d'Addictologie, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium.,UNI Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Faculty of Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Cleo L Crunelle
- Department of Psychiatry, Vrije Universiteit Brussel & Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Elien Heleven
- Department of Psychology & Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
| | - Charles Kornreich
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale Et d'Addictologie, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium.,UNI Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Faculty of Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | - Maria Leggio
- Department of Psychology & Ataxia Laboratory, Fondazione Santa Lucia IRCCS, Sapienza University of Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Xavier Noël
- Laboratoire de Psychologie Médicale Et d'Addictologie, Faculty of Medicine, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium.,UNI Neuroscience Institute, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium.,Faculty of Psychology, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Bruxelles, Belgium
| | | | - Kris Baetens
- Department of Psychology & Center for Neuroscience, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium.,Brussels University Consultation Center, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussel, Belgium
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16
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Social perception and knowledge impairments in severe alcohol use disorder: Group and individual-level findings. Drug Alcohol Depend 2021; 227:109009. [PMID: 34482036 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2021.109009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Consistent data highlight the presence and clinical significance of social cognition impairments in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD). However, social perception and knowledge (i.e., the ability to interpret social situations and to identify latent social rules), an important social cognition component, has not yet been explored in this disorder. METHOD 35 patients with SAUD and 35 healthy controls (HC) completed the Social Perception and Knowledge test (PerSo), an experimental task requiring participants to comprehensively describe social situations and to identify the social rules illustrated in 8 pictures. We performed group and single-case analyses. RESULTS Patients with SAUD, as a group, spontaneously identified less relevant "where"/"who"/"what" aspects of the social situations (social perception) than HC. They were however able to provide these elements when explicitly asked to. They were also less able to identify the social rules that subtended the situations (social knowledge). Single-case analyses revealed that 23 % of patients were significantly impaired for social perception, and 34 % for social knowledge. DISCUSSION We provide novel evidence that SAUD is associated with social perception and knowledge impairments at the group level, and that these impairments strongly vary across patients. Such results should lead to the integration of social perception and knowledge impairments in the conceptualization and treatment of socio-affective difficulties in SAUD.
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17
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Hanegraaf L, van Baal S, Hohwy J, Verdejo-Garcia A. A systematic review and meta-analysis of 'Systems for Social Processes' in borderline personality and substance use disorders. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2021; 127:572-592. [PMID: 33865874 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Deficits in social processing (SP) have been proposed to underpin interpersonal dysfunction in both Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Substance Use Disorders (SUD). This study aimed to explore potential transdiagnostic cognitive and behavioral phenotypes of these disorders utilizing the NIMH Research Domain Criteria 'Systems for Social Processes'. A systematic review and meta-analysis of the published research was conducted on 134 studies identified through our database searches. Four meta-analyses were conducted, which revealed significant overlapping deficits in the ability to identify facial emotions and infer the mental states of others in both BPD and SUD. Further, people with BPD displayed a higher ostracism effect following perceived social exclusion. Systematically reviewed studies also revealed significant dysfunction amongst individuals with BPD and SUD across both self and other SP constructs, which were broadly similar in magnitude. Taken together, these results support the proposition that SP dysfunction may be considered a core transdiagnostic phenotype of BPD and SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lauren Hanegraaf
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
| | - Simon van Baal
- Cognition and Philosophy Lab, Philosophy Department, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Jakob Hohwy
- Cognition and Philosophy Lab, Philosophy Department, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Antonio Verdejo-Garcia
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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18
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Maurage P, Pabst A, Lannoy S, D'Hondt F, de Timary P, Gaudelus B, Peyroux E. Tackling heterogeneity: Individual variability of emotion decoding deficits in severe alcohol use disorder. J Affect Disord 2021; 279:299-307. [PMID: 33096328 PMCID: PMC7738413 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2020.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) is associated with social cognition deficits. Patients with SAUD are impaired for the recognition of emotional facial expressions, particularly at early stages of abstinence. These deficits damage interpersonal relations and increase relapse risk. However, uncertainties still abound on their variation across emotions and on the heterogeneity of emotional impairments across patients. We addressed these questions by exploring how the deficit varies according to emotions' type/intensity and patients' heterogeneity. METHODS Sixty-five recently detoxified patients with SAUD and 65 matched healthy controls performed the Facial Emotion Recognition Test, assessing the ability to identify six emotions (anger, contempt, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness) displayed by morphed faces with various intensities. Accuracy scores and detection thresholds were collected for each emotion. Beyond group comparisons, multiple single-case analyses determined the percentage of patients presenting decoding deficits for each emotion. RESULTS When current depression and anxiety symptoms were controlled for, patients did not present a general emotion decoding deficit, but were rather characterized by specific deficits for disgust/contempt in accuracy, and for disgust in detection threshold scores. Single-case analyses showed that only a third of patients presented a clinically significant emotional deficit. CONCLUSIONS Patients with SAUD only present emotional decoding deficits for specific interpersonal emotions (disgust/contempt) when subclinical psychopathological states are controlled for, and show no general emotional impairment. This goes against the proposal of a generalized social cognition deficit in this population. This group effect moreover masks a massive heterogeneity across patients, which has implications at experimental and clinical levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Stanford University, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1172 - LilNCog - Lille Neuroscience & Cognition, Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE, Lille, France; Centre National de Ressources et de Résilience Lille-Paris (CN2R), Lille, France
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology research group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Saint-Luc Academic Hospital & Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Baptiste Gaudelus
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France; Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, SUR-CL3R, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Lyon, France
| | - Elodie Peyroux
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France; Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, SUR-CL3R, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Lyon, France
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19
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Affiliation(s)
- Edith V. Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, Calif
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20
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Pabst A, Peyroux E, Rolland B, de Timary P, Maurage P. Hostile attributional bias in severe alcohol use disorder. J Psychiatr Res 2020; 129:176-180. [PMID: 32755750 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 06/20/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Impairments in social cognition have been documented in severe alcohol use disorder (SAUD) over the past two decades. They have been linked with lower social functioning and poor treatment outcomes, illustrating their key role in the disorder. However, studies investigating social cognition in SAUD have largely focused on emotional decoding and theory of mind abilities, neglecting other important processes. We expand this line of research by exploring the association between SAUD and hostile attributional biases (i.e., the tendency to attribute hostile intentions to others), another clinically relevant subcomponent of social cognition. Thirty-five patients with SAUD and thirty-five matched healthy controls completed the short version of the Ambiguous Intentions Hostility Questionnaire, a validated measure assessing participants' perceived hostility, blame attribution and aggression in relation to vignettes depicting social situations with negative outcomes and ambiguous intent. Patients with SAUD attributed more hostile intentions to others than did healthy controls. Moreover, this hostile attributional bias was associated with increased interpersonal problems in SAUD, as measured through the Inventory of Interpersonal Problems. We thus evidence hostile attributional bias in SAUD and extend the growing literature on social cognition impairments in this population. Furthermore, these findings corroborate the recent proposal that patients with SAUD exhibit biases toward socially threatening information. The association between hostile attributional bias and interpersonal problems suggests that targeting this bias in treatment may reduce the relapse risk resulting from interpersonal deficits. Recommendations are made to further explore the clinical relevance of hostile attributional bias in SAUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arthur Pabst
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Elodie Peyroux
- Centre de Neurosciences Cognitives, UMR 5229, CNRS, Bron, France, & Service Universitaire de Réhabilitation, SUR-CL3R, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Benjamin Rolland
- Service Universitaire d'Addictologie de Lyon (SUAL), Université de Lyon, Centre Hospitalier Le Vinatier, Bron, France
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Saint-Luc Academic Hospital & Institute of Neuroscience, UCLouvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Louvain Experimental Psychopathology Research Group (LEP), Psychological Sciences Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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21
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Lewis B, Garcia CC, Bohan R, Nixon SJ. Impact of polysubstance use on social and non-affective cognitive performance among treatment-seeking individuals with alcohol use disorders. Addict Behav 2020; 106:106359. [PMID: 32109774 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/17/2020] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) display deficits across a range of cognitive processes. Decrements in social cognition may be particularly important for interpersonal functioning and post-treatment adaptation. Although social cognitive deficits are associated with chronic use of numerous substances, the role of polysubstance use in AUD-associated deficits remains largely unaddressed. METHODS Community volunteers (n = 49; 22 men) and inpatient treatment-seekers with AUD were administered neurocognitive tasks indexing emotion processing and non-affective cognitive functioning. Tasks included an emotion discrimination task, a working memory task with affective stimuli, a general face processing (control) task, two measures of executive function, and two measures of visual spatial function. AUD subgroups included individuals with no recent (6-month) polysubstance use (AUD-Only; n = 22; 15 men), and those with at least weekly use (Poly-SU; n = 22; 18 men). RESULTS Poly-SU individuals evinced disadvantaged performance relative to other groups on the emotion discrimination task [ps ≤ 0.001], affective working memory task [ps ≤ 0.050], and two executive function measures [ps ≤ 0.051]. No differences were observed for visual spatial functioning [ps ≥ 0.498] or general face processing [ps ≥ 0.190]. No performance differences between AUD-Only and community volunteers were noted. CONCLUSIONS Results extend the emerging literature exploring emotion processing in AUD and add to the established literature regarding cognitive deficits in this population. The data suggest that among individuals with AUD, those with polysubstance use may be particularly vulnerable to deficits in decoding emotional face content. The current work highlights the need to incorporate more nuanced and careful considerations of polysubstance use in the design and analysis for future investigations of alcohol-associated deficits in emotion processing.
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22
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Lannoy S, Gilles F, Benzerouk F, Henry A, Oker A, Raucher-Chéné D, Besche-Richard C, Gierski F. Disentangling the role of social cognition processes at early steps of alcohol abuse: The influence of affective theory of mind. Addict Behav 2020; 102:106187. [PMID: 31863967 DOI: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2019.106187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Excessive alcohol use among adolescents has become a pressing challenge among Western societies. Accordingly, one of the current research objectives is to identify the processes associated with this harmful habit. Although numerous studies have underlined the role of executive and motivational processes, few have explored emotional and interpersonal abilities at early steps of alcohol abuse. The present study evaluated the role of two social cognition processes, namely theory of mind (ability to infer others' mental states at cognitive and affective levels) and empathy (ability to understand others' feelings at cognitive and affective levels) in adolescents' alcohol consumption. Two hundred and two adolescents (13-20 years old) performed a behavioral task evaluating theory of mind and filled in questionnaires measuring personal data, empathy, alcohol consumption (alcohol abuse and specific binge drinking), as well as depressive and anxiety symptoms. Findings showed that cognitive and affective empathy were negatively associated with alcohol consumption in youth whereas affective theory of mind was related to specific binge drinking. Importantly, affective theory of mind predicted binge drinking in adolescents, even after controlling for age, gender, and education level. These results emphasized the role of social cognition in early alcohol abuse and showed that, beyond inhibition, interpersonal abilities might precipitate excessive drinking in youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Séverine Lannoy
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology (LEP), Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, 10 Place Cardinal Mercier, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
| | - Fanny Gilles
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France
| | - Farid Benzerouk
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Audrey Henry
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Ali Oker
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France.
| | - Delphine Raucher-Chéné
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France.
| | - Chrystel Besche-Richard
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France.
| | - Fabien Gierski
- Cognition Health and Society Laboratory (EA 6291), Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, 57 rue Pierre Taittinger, 51571 Reims, France; Pôle Universitaire de Psychiatrie, EPSM Marne, 8 Rue Roger Aubry, Reims, France; INSERM U1247 GRAP, Research Group on Alcohol and Drugs, Université de Picardie Jules Verne, Chemin du Thil, Amiens, France.
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Quesque F, Rossetti Y. What Do Theory-of-Mind Tasks Actually Measure? Theory and Practice. PERSPECTIVES ON PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE 2020; 15:384-396. [PMID: 32069168 DOI: 10.1177/1745691619896607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 84] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent decades, the ability to represent others' mental states (i.e., theory of mind) has gained particular attention in various disciplines ranging from ethology to cognitive neuroscience. Despite the exponentially growing interest, the functional architecture of social cognition is still unclear. In the present review, we argue that not only the vocabulary but also most of the classic measures for theory of mind lack specificity. We examined classic tests used to assess theory of mind and noted that the majority of them do not require the participant to represent another's mental state or, sometimes, any mental state at all. Our review reveals that numerous classic tests measure lower-level processes that do not directly test for theory of mind. We propose that more attention should be paid to methods used in this field of social cognition to improve the understanding of underlying concepts.
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Affiliation(s)
- François Quesque
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche-Santé (UMR-S) 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, ImpAct, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Lyon 1.,Plateforme "Mouvement et Handicap" and Plateforme NeuroImmersion, Hôpital Henry-Gabrielle, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
| | - Yves Rossetti
- Inserm Unité Mixte de Recherche-Santé (UMR-S) 1028, CNRS UMR 5292, ImpAct, Centre de Recherche en Neurosciences de Lyon, Université Lyon 1.,Plateforme "Mouvement et Handicap" and Plateforme NeuroImmersion, Hôpital Henry-Gabrielle, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Saint-Genis-Laval, France
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Lewis B, Price JL, Garcia CC, Nixon SJ. Emotional Face Processing among Treatment-Seeking Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorders: Investigating Sex Differences and Relationships with Interpersonal Functioning. Alcohol Alcohol 2020; 54:361-369. [PMID: 30796771 DOI: 10.1093/alcalc/agz010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 01/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Individuals in treatment for alcohol use disorder (AUD) display deficits across a broad range of cognitive processes. Disruptions in affective processing are understudied, but may be particularly important for interpersonal functioning and post-treatment adaptation. In particular, the role of sex in AUD-associated emotion processing deficits remains largely unaddressed and was a focus of the current investigation. METHODS Fifty-six treatment seekers with AUD and 54 healthy community controls (N = 110) were administered an emotional face discrimination task. Non-affective tasks included a sex-discrimination task and two brief measures of executive functioning. Two measures of interpersonal function were included. RESULTS Emotion processing deficits were evident among women with AUD relative to other groups. This sex-contingent relationship was not observed in measures of executive function, sex-discrimination or interpersonal problems, although individuals with AUD performed more poorly on these measures. CONCLUSIONS Results were consistent with extant literatures examining cognitive, affective and interpersonal functioning among individuals with AUD, and provided novel evidence of vulnerability to alcohol-associated deficits in emotion processing among women. While similar sex-contingent effects were not apparent among other measures, results support modest interrelationships, specifically including the import of emotion processing to interpersonal functioning in AUD. These data offer guidance for further systematic investigation and highlight important considerations for future relapse-prevention and recovery-facilitation efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Lewis
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Julianne L Price
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Christian C Garcia
- Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Sara Jo Nixon
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Department of Psychology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research & Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Abstract
Abstract
Purpose of Review
The aim of this article was to review current research regarding social cognition (SC) in gambling disorder (GD), to (i) compile and synthetize the current state of existing literature on this topic, and (ii) propose cognitive remediation therapy approaches focused on SC for clinicians.
Recent Findings
It is well known that disordered gamblers show impairment regarding non-social cognitive functions such as inhibition, attention, and decision-making. Furthermore, patients with substance use disorders also present certain deficits regarding social information processing which are difficult to differentiate from the intrinsic toxic effects linked to drugs or alcohol consumption.
Summary
To date, relatively little research has been undertaken to explore SC in gambling disorder (GD) with neuropsychological tasks. Preliminary results suggest impaired non-verbal emotion processing, but only one study has directly measured SC in GD. As a consequence, future research on this framework should propose diverse measures of SC, while controlling for other factors such as personality traits and subtypes of disordered gamblers.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE To review deficits in emotional processing and social cognition potentially contributing to the dysfunctional emotion regulation and difficulties with interpersonal relationships observed in individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD) and to provide directions for future research. METHOD First is presented a review of emotional and social-cognitive impairments in recently detoxified AUD individuals that include alexithymia, difficulties in decoding others' emotions, and reduced theory of mind and empathy skills. Social cognition disorders in AUD pose different issues discussed, such as whether (1) these deficits are consequences of excessive alcohol consumption or premorbid risk factors for addiction, (2) emotional and social impairments impede positive treatment outcome, (3) recovery of social abilities is possible with sustained abstinence, and (4) AUD patients are unaware of their emotional and social dysfunctions. Finally, current knowledge on structural and functional brain correlates of these deficits in AUD are reviewed. RESULTS Emotional and social-cognitive functions affected in AUD can potentially compromise efforts to initiate and maintain abstinence by hampering efficacy of clinical treatment. Such dysfunction can obstruct efforts to enable or reinstate higher-order abilities such as emotional self-regulation, motivation to change, success in interpersonal/social interactions, and emotional insight and awareness of social dysfunctions (i.e., accurate metacognition). CONCLUSIONS The present review highlights the need to account for emotional processing and social cognition in the evaluation and rehabilitation of alcohol-related neurocognitive disorders and to consider psychotherapeutic treatment involving remediation of emotional and social skills as implemented in psychiatric and neurological disorders. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).
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Eddy CM. What Do You Have in Mind? Measures to Assess Mental State Reasoning in Neuropsychiatric Populations. Front Psychiatry 2019; 10:425. [PMID: 31354534 PMCID: PMC6636467 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2019.00425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Social interaction is closely associated with both functional capacity and well-being. Previous research has not only revealed evidence of social dysfunction in individuals with a wide range of psychiatric and neurological disorders but also generated an abundance of potential measures for assessing social cognition. This review explores the most popular measures used within neuropsychiatric populations to investigate the ability to recognize or reason about the mental states of others. Measures are also critically analyzed in terms of strengths and limitations to aid task selection in future clinical studies. The most frequently applied assessment tools use verbal, visual or audiovisual forms of presentation and assess recognition of mental states from facial features, self-rated empathy, the understanding of other's cognitive mental states such as beliefs and intentions, or the ability to combine knowledge of other's thoughts and emotions in order to understand subtle communications or socially inappropriate behavior. Key weaknesses of previous research include limited investigation of relationships with clinical symptoms, and underutilization of measures of everyday social functioning that offer a useful counterpart to traditional "lab" tasks. Future studies should aim to carefully select measures not only based on the range of skills to be assessed but also taking into account potential difficulties with interpretation and the need to gain insight into the application of social cognitive skills as well as ability per se. Some of the best measures include those with well-matched control trials (e.g., Yoni Task) or those that restrict the influence of verbal deficits (e.g., intentions comic strip task), elicit spontaneous mentalizing (e.g., Animations Task), and possess greater ecological validity (e.g., Movie for the Assessment of Social Cognition). Social cognitive research within psychiatric populations will be further enhanced through the development of more closely matched control tasks, and the exploration of relationships between task performance, medication, strategy use, and broader emotional and motor functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clare M. Eddy
- Research and Innovation, BSMHFT National Centre for Mental Health, Birmingham, United Kingdom
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, United Kingdom
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28
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Leclercq S, Stärkel P, Delzenne NM, de Timary P. The gut microbiota: A new target in the management of alcohol dependence? Alcohol 2019; 74:105-111. [PMID: 30031625 DOI: 10.1016/j.alcohol.2018.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2018] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 03/15/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract is the natural habitat for a huge community of microorganisms, comprising bacteria, viruses, fungi and yeast. This microbial ecosystem codevelops with the host throughout life and is subject to a complex interplay that depends on multiple factors including host genetics, nutrition, life-style, stress, diseases and antibiotics use. The gut microbiota, that refers to intestinal bacteria, has profound influence on the host immune system, metabolism and nervous system. Indeed, intestinal bacteria supply the host with essential nutrients such as vitamins, metabolize bile acids and undigested compounds, defend against pathogen invasion, participate to the development of the intestinal architecture and the intestinal immune system and play an important role in the maintenance of the gut barrier function. More recently, the gut microbiota has been shown to influence brain functions, such as myelin synthesis, the blood-brain barrier permeability and neuroinflammatory responses but also mood and behavior. The cross-talk between microbes and the host implicates a vast array of signaling pathways that involve many different classes of molecules like metabolites produced by the bacteria from dietary or endogenous sources of carbohydrates and proteins (i.e. short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), indole), neurotransmitters and inflammatory cytokines. This review will focus on the involvement of the gut microbiota in the pathophysiological aspects of alcohol dependence related to the gut barrier function, liver damage and psychological disturbances. We will also discuss the possibility to create new and realistic humanized animal models of alcohol dependence by the use of fecal transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Leclercq
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Peter Stärkel
- Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Laboratory of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Hepato-Gastroenterology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathalie M Delzenne
- Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Institute of Neuroscience, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgium
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Rochat L, Maurage P, Heeren A, Billieux J. Let's Open the Decision-Making Umbrella: A Framework for Conceptualizing and Assessing Features of Impaired Decision Making in Addiction. Neuropsychol Rev 2018; 29:27-51. [PMID: 30293096 DOI: 10.1007/s11065-018-9387-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Decision-making impairments play a pivotal role in the emergence and maintenance of addictive disorders. However, a sound conceptualization of decision making as an umbrella construct, encompassing its cognitive, affective, motivational, and physiological subcomponents, is still lacking. This prevents an efficient evaluation of the heterogeneity of decision-making impairments and the development of tailored treatment. This paper thus unfolds the various processes involved in decision making by adopting a critical approach of prominent dual- or triadic-process models, which postulate that decision making is influenced by the interplay of impulsive-automatic, reflective-controlled, and interoceptive processes. Our approach also focuses on social cognition processes, which play a crucial role in decision making and addictive disorders but were largely ignored in previous dual- or triadic-process models. We propose here a theoretical framework in which a range of coordinated processes are first identified on the basis of their theoretical and clinical relevance. Each selected process is then defined before reviewing available results underlining its role in addictive disorders (i.e., substance use, gambling, and gaming disorders). Laboratory tasks for measuring each process are also proposed, initiating a preliminary process-based decision-making assessment battery. This original approach may offer an especially informative view of the constitutive features of decision-making impairments in addiction. As prior research has implicated these features as risk factors for the development and maintenance of addictive disorders, our processual approach sets the scene for novel and transdiagnostic experimental and applied research avenues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucien Rochat
- Cognitive Psychopathology and Neuropsychology Unit, Department of Psychology and Educational Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Alexandre Heeren
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Science Research Institute, UCLouvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
- Clinical Neuroscience Division, Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Joël Billieux
- Addictive and Compulsive Behaviours Lab (ACB-Lab), Institute for Health and Behaviour, University of Luxembourg, Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg.
- Centre for Excessive Gambling, Lausanne University Hospitals (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.
- Addiction Division, Department of Mental Health and Psychiatry, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
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30
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Cossini FC, Tabernero ME, Politis DG. Mecanismo de simulación en demencia frontotemporal variante conductual. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuarg.2018.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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31
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Cox S, Bertoux M, Turner JJD, Moss A, Locker K, Riggs K. Aspects of alcohol use disorder affecting social cognition as assessed using the Mini Social and Emotional Assessment (mini-SEA). Drug Alcohol Depend 2018; 187:165-170. [PMID: 29674250 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Revised: 03/08/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) is associated with problems with processing complex social scenarios. Little is known about the relationship between distinct AUD-related factors (e.g., years of problematic drinking), aspects of cognitive function and dysfunction in individuals diagnosed with AUD, and the relative impact these may have on social cognition. AIMS To explore differences in social cognition between a group of participants diagnosed with AUD and controls, using a clinical measure, the Mini Social and Emotional Assessment (mini-SEA). The mini-SEA was used to evaluate social and emotional understanding through a facial emotional recognition task and by utilising a series of social scenes some of which contain a faux pas (social error). METHODS Eighty-five participants (individuals with AUD and controls) completed demographic questions and a general cognitive and social cognitive test battery over three consecutive days. RESULTS Between group analyses revealed that the participants with AUD performed less well on the faux pas test, and differences were also revealed in the emotional facial recognition task. Years of problematic alcohol consumption was the strongest predictor of poor ToM reasoning. CONCLUSION These results suggest a strong link between AUD chronicity and social cognition, though the direction of this relationship needs further elucidation. This may be of clinical relevance to abstinence and relapse management, as basic social cognition skills and ability to maintain interpersonal relationships are likely to be crucial to recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharon Cox
- London South Bank University, Centre for Addictive Behaviours Research, Division of Psychology, 103 Borough Road, London, SE1 0AA, UK
| | - Maxime Bertoux
- Lille University Hospital, Memory Research and Resources centre & INSERM, U1171, France
| | - John J D Turner
- University of East London, School of Psychology, Water Lane, London, E15 4LZ, UK.
| | - Antony Moss
- London South Bank University, Centre for Addictive Behaviours Research, Division of Psychology, 103 Borough Road, London, SE1 0AA, UK
| | - Kirsty Locker
- Oxleas NHS Foundation Trust, Pinewood Place, Dartford, Kent, DA2 7WG, UK
| | - Kevin Riggs
- University of Hull, Department of Psychology, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, UK
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32
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Gandolphe MC, Lecluyse B, Triquet C, Brunelle E, Duparcq JP, Nandrino JL. Mind reading abilities in opiate-dependent patients: An exploratory study. Compr Psychiatry 2018; 83:46-52. [PMID: 29562165 DOI: 10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 02/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Impairments in social cognition have been described as playing a major role in the maintenance of addictive behavior in substance abusers. This study aimed to investigate the Theory of Mind (ToM) ability of opiate-dependent (OD) patients and to explore whether TOM ability was correlated with length of substance abuse, age at onset of substance abuse and length of abstinence. METHODS OD patients (N = 29) and non-dependent individuals (NDI) (N = 29) were submitted to the Theory of Mind Assessment Scale (Th.o.m.a.s.), a semi-structured interview, and to the Versailles-Lecture Intentionnelle en Situation (V-LIS), a movie paradigm in which participants have to infer the characters' intentions. RESULTS The results confirmed a deficit in ToM ability in OD patients, with OD patients demonstrating poorer performance than NDI on both the V-LIS and the Th.o.m.a.s. The combination of perspective taking and reflecting on others' mental states was particularly difficult for OD patients. Furthermore, impairments in ToM abilities were not correlated with the age at onset of substance abuse or to the duration of substance abuse or abstinence. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest OD patients may have impaired social cognition, demonstrating deficits in even basic social interaction skills, which may constitute a risk factor for addiction. These findings underline the importance of developing interventions to improve social cognition ability during the rehabilitation of OD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Charlotte Gandolphe
- SCALab UMR CNRS 9193, Staff DEEP (Dynamique émotionnelle et pathologies), University of Lille, Department of Psychology, B.P. 60149, F-59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France; Hospital Center of Hénin-Beaumont, Centre de soin, d'Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie (CSAPA), 585 Avenue des déportés, 62110 Hénin-Beaumont, France.
| | - Bérénice Lecluyse
- SCALab UMR CNRS 9193, Staff DEEP (Dynamique émotionnelle et pathologies), University of Lille, Department of Psychology, B.P. 60149, F-59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
| | - Claire Triquet
- Hospital Center of Felleries Liessies, Addiction Department "L'Oasis", 21 Rue du Val Joly, 59740 Felleries, France
| | - Emmanuel Brunelle
- Hospital Center of Hénin-Beaumont, Centre de soin, d'Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie (CSAPA), 585 Avenue des déportés, 62110 Hénin-Beaumont, France
| | - Jean-Paul Duparcq
- Hospital Center of Hénin-Beaumont, Centre de soin, d'Accompagnement et de Prévention en Addictologie (CSAPA), 585 Avenue des déportés, 62110 Hénin-Beaumont, France
| | - Jean-Louis Nandrino
- SCALab UMR CNRS 9193, Staff DEEP (Dynamique émotionnelle et pathologies), University of Lille, Department of Psychology, B.P. 60149, F-59653 Villeneuve d'Ascq Cedex, France
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Rupp CI, Derntl B, Osthaus F, Kemmler G, Fleischhacker WW. Impact of Social Cognition on Alcohol Dependence Treatment Outcome: Poorer Facial Emotion Recognition Predicts Relapse/Dropout. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:2197-2206. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.13522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia I. Rupp
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics; Division of Psychiatry I; Medical University Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Birgit Derntl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy; Medical University Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
- Werner Reichardt Center for Integrative Neuroscience; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
- LEAD Graduate School; University of Tübingen; Tübingen Germany
| | - Friederike Osthaus
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics; Division of Psychiatry I; Medical University Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
| | - Georg Kemmler
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics; Division of Psychiatry I; Medical University Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
| | - W. Wolfgang Fleischhacker
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychotherapy, and Psychosomatics; Division of Psychiatry I; Medical University Innsbruck; Innsbruck Austria
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Brion M, D'Hondt F, Lannoy S, Pitel AL, Davidoff DA, Maurage P. Crossmodal processing of emotions in alcohol-dependence and Korsakoff syndrome. Cogn Neuropsychiatry 2017; 22:436-451. [PMID: 28885888 DOI: 10.1080/13546805.2017.1373639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Decoding emotional information from faces and voices is crucial for efficient interpersonal communication. Emotional decoding deficits have been found in alcohol-dependence (ALC), particularly in crossmodal situations (with simultaneous stimulations from different modalities), but are still underexplored in Korsakoff syndrome (KS). The aim of this study is to determine whether the continuity hypothesis, postulating a gradual worsening of cognitive and brain impairments from ALC to KS, is valid for emotional crossmodal processing. METHODS Sixteen KS, 17 ALC and 19 matched healthy controls (CP) had to detect the emotion (anger or happiness) displayed by auditory, visual or crossmodal auditory-visual stimuli. Crossmodal stimuli were either emotionally congruent (leading to a facilitation effect, i.e. enhanced performance for crossmodal condition compared to unimodal ones) or incongruent (leading to an interference effect, i.e. decreased performance for crossmodal condition due to discordant information across modalities). Reaction times and accuracy were recorded. RESULTS Crossmodal integration for congruent information was dampened only in ALC, while both ALC and KS demonstrated, compared to CP, decreased performance for decoding emotional facial expressions in the incongruent condition. CONCLUSIONS The crossmodal integration appears impaired in ALC but preserved in KS. Both alcohol-related disorders present an increased interference effect. These results show the interest of more ecological designs, using crossmodal stimuli, to explore emotional decoding in alcohol-related disorders. They also suggest that the continuum hypothesis cannot be generalised to emotional decoding abilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Brion
- a Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology , Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- b Univ. Lille, CNRS , UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives , Lille , France.,c CHU Lille , Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE , Lille , France
| | - Séverine Lannoy
- a Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology , Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
| | - Anne-Lise Pitel
- d INSERM, École Pratique des Hautes Études , Université de Caen-Basse Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU Caen , Caen , France
| | - Donald A Davidoff
- e Harvard Medical School , Boston , MA , USA.,f Department of Neuropsychology , McLean Hospital , Belmont , USA
| | - Pierre Maurage
- a Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology , Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain , Louvain-la-Neuve , Belgium
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Le Berre AP, Fama R, Sullivan EV. Executive Functions, Memory, and Social Cognitive Deficits and Recovery in Chronic Alcoholism: A Critical Review to Inform Future Research. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:1432-1443. [PMID: 28618018 PMCID: PMC5531758 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 30.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 06/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Alcoholism is a complex and dynamic disease, punctuated by periods of abstinence and relapse, and influenced by a multitude of vulnerability factors. Chronic excessive alcohol consumption is associated with cognitive deficits, ranging from mild to severe, in executive functions, memory, and metacognitive abilities, with associated impairment in emotional processes and social cognition. These deficits can compromise efforts in initiating and sustaining abstinence by hampering efficacy of clinical treatment and can obstruct efforts in enabling good decision making success in interpersonal/social interactions, and awareness of cognitive and behavioral dysfunctions. Despite evidence for differences in recovery levels of selective cognitive processes, certain deficits can persist even with prolonged sobriety. Herein is presented a review of alcohol-related cognitive impairments affecting component processes of executive functioning, memory, and the recently investigated cognitive domains of metamemory, social cognition, and emotional processing; also considered are trajectories of cognitive recovery with abstinence. Finally, in the spirit of critical review, limitations of current knowledge are noted and avenues for new research efforts are proposed that focus on (i) the interaction among emotion-cognition processes and identification of vulnerability factors contributing to the development of emotional and social processing deficits and (ii) the time line of cognitive recovery by tracking alcoholism's dynamic course of sobriety and relapse. Knowledge about the heterochronicity of cognitive recovery in alcoholism has the potential of indicating at which points during recovery intervention may be most beneficial.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne-Pascale Le Berre
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Rosemary Fama
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
- Neuroscience Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
| | - Edith V. Sullivan
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
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Brion M, D'Hondt F, Pitel AL, Lecomte B, Ferauge M, de Timary P, Maurage P. Executive functions in alcohol-dependence: A theoretically grounded and integrative exploration. Drug Alcohol Depend 2017; 177:39-47. [PMID: 28554151 DOI: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.03.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alcohol-dependence is related to large-scale cognitive impairments, particularly for executive functions (EF). These deficits persist even after long-term abstinence and have a major impact on patients' everyday life and relapse risk. Earlier studies, based on multi-determined tasks, mostly focused on inhibition and did not offer a theoretically-grounded and exhaustive view of the differential deficit across EF. The present paper proposes a model-based exploration of EF in alcohol-dependent individuals (ALC), to precisely compare the specific deficit related to each executive subcomponent. METHODS Forty-seven recently detoxified ALC were compared to 47 matched healthy participants on a nine-tasks validated neuropsychological battery, simultaneously exploring and comparing the three main executive subcomponents (shifting, updating, and inhibition). Psychopathological comorbidities were also controlled for. RESULTS Reaction time indexes revealed a global slowing down among ALC, whatever the EF explored. Accuracy indexes revealed a moderate deficit for inhibition tasks but a massive impairment for shifting and updating ones. Complementary analyses indicated that the executive deficits observed were centrally related to alcohol-dependence, while comorbid depressive symptoms appeared to intensify the deficits observed. CONCLUSIONS By offering a direct comparison between the three major EF, these results showed that alcohol-related executive deficits extend beyond the classically described inhibition impairment. This impairment encompasses each EF subcomponent, as ALC actually presented stronger deficits for updating and shifting abilities. This first observation of a multifaceted EF deficit stresses the need for an individualized evaluation and rehabilitation of EF during and/or after the detoxification process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Brion
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain,10 Place C. Mercier, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Fabien D'Hondt
- Univ. Lille, CNRS UMR 9193 - SCALab - Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, psyCHIC team,1 Place de Verdun, F-59045 Lille, France; CHU Lille, Clinique de Psychiatrie, CURE, F-59000, Lille, France
| | - Anne-Lise Pitel
- INSERM, École Pratique des Hautes Études, Université de Caen-Normandie, Unité U1077, GIP Cyceron, CHU Caen, F-14000 Caen, France
| | - Benoît Lecomte
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Saint-Martin Hospital, 84 rue Saint-Hubert, B-5100 Dave, Belgium
| | - Marc Ferauge
- Department of Addiction Rehabilitation, Beau-Vallon Hospital, 205 rue de Bricgniot, B-5002 Saint-Servais, Belgium
| | - Philippe de Timary
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain,10 Place C. Mercier, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium; Department of Adult Psychiatry, St Luc Hospital and Institute of Neuroscience, Université catholique de Louvain,10 Avenue Hippocrate, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Sciences Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain,10 Place C. Mercier, B-1348 Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium.
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A role for the peripheral immune system in the development of alcohol use disorders? Neuropharmacology 2017; 122:148-160. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2017.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Heterogeneity of emotional and interpersonal difficulties in alcohol-dependence: A cluster analytic approach. J Affect Disord 2017; 217:163-173. [PMID: 28411505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 02/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Emotional and interpersonal impairments have been largely reported in alcohol-dependence, and their role in its development and maintenance is widely established. However, earlier studies have exclusively focused on group comparisons between healthy controls and alcohol-dependent individuals, considering them as a homogeneous population. The variability of socio-emotional profiles in this disorder thus remains totally unexplored. The present study used a cluster analytic approach to explore the heterogeneity of affective and social disorders in alcohol-dependent individuals. METHODS 296 recently-detoxified alcohol-dependent patients were first compared with 246 matched healthy controls regarding self-reported emotional (i.e. alexithymia) and social (i.e. interpersonal problems) difficulties. Then, a cluster analysis was performed, focusing on the alcohol-dependent sample, to explore the presence of differential patterns of socio-emotional deficits and their links with demographic, psychopathological and alcohol-related variables. RESULTS The group comparison between alcohol-dependent individuals and controls clearly confirmed that emotional and interpersonal difficulties constitute a key factor in alcohol-dependence. However, the cluster analysis identified five subgroups of alcohol-dependent individuals, presenting distinct combinations of alexithymia and interpersonal problems ranging from a total absence of reported impairment to generalized socio-emotional difficulties. CONCLUSIONS Alcohol-dependent individuals should no more be considered as constituting a unitary group regarding their affective and interpersonal difficulties, but rather as a population encompassing a wide variety of socio-emotional profiles. Future experimental studies on emotional and social variables should thus go beyond mere group comparisons to explore this heterogeneity, and prevention programs proposing an individualized evaluation and rehabilitation of these deficits should be promoted.
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Grynberg D, Maurage P, Nandrino JL. Preserved Affective Sharing But Impaired Decoding of Contextual Complex Emotions in Alcohol Dependence. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2017; 41:779-785. [PMID: 28092119 DOI: 10.1111/acer.13330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prior research has repeatedly shown that alcohol dependence is associated with a large range of impairments in psychological processes, which could lead to interpersonal deficits. Specifically, it has been suggested that these interpersonal difficulties are underpinned by reduced recognition and sharing of others' emotional states. However, this pattern of deficits remains to be clarified. This study thus aimed to investigate whether alcohol dependence is associated with impaired abilities in decoding contextual complex emotions and with altered sharing of others' emotions. METHODS Forty-one alcohol-dependent individuals (ADI) and 37 matched healthy individuals completed the Multifaceted Empathy Test, in which they were instructed to identify complex emotional states expressed by individuals in contextual scenes and to state to what extent they shared them. RESULTS Compared to healthy individuals, ADI were impaired in identifying negative (Cohen's d = 0.75) and positive (Cohen's d = 0.46) emotional states but, conversely, presented preserved abilities in sharing others' emotional states. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that alcohol dependence is characterized by an impaired ability to decode complex emotional states (both positive and negative), despite the presence of complementary contextual cues, but by preserved emotion-sharing. Therefore, these results extend earlier data describing an impaired ability to decode noncontextualized emotions toward contextualized and ecologically valid emotional states. They also indicate that some essential emotional competences such as emotion-sharing are preserved in alcohol dependence, thereby offering potential therapeutic levers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delphine Grynberg
- Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193, Université de Lille, Lille, France
| | - Pierre Maurage
- Laboratory for Experimental Psychopathology, Psychological Science Research Institute, Université catholique de Louvain, Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium
| | - Jean-Louis Nandrino
- Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives, CNRS, CHU Lille, UMR 9193, Université de Lille, Lille, France
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