1
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Waterman HR, Dufort MJ, Posso SE, Ni M, Li LZ, Zhu C, Raj P, Smith KD, Buckner JH, Hamerman JA. Lupus IgA1 autoantibodies synergize with IgG to enhance plasmacytoid dendritic cell responses to RNA-containing immune complexes. Sci Transl Med 2024; 16:eadl3848. [PMID: 38959329 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.adl3848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
Autoantibodies to nuclear antigens are hallmarks of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) where they contribute to pathogenesis. However, there remains a gap in our knowledge regarding how different isotypes of autoantibodies contribute to this autoimmune disease, including the production of the critical type I interferon (IFN) cytokines by plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) in response to immune complexes (ICs). We focused on IgA, which is the second-most prevalent isotype in serum and, along with IgG, is deposited in glomeruli in individuals with lupus nephritis. We show that individuals with SLE have serum IgA autoantibodies against most nuclear antigens, correlating with IgG against the same antigen. We investigated whether IgA autoantibodies against a major SLE autoantigen, Smith ribonucleoprotein (Sm/RNP), played a role in IC activation of pDCs. We found that pDCs expressed the IgA-specific Fc receptor, FcαR, and IgA1 autoantibodies synergized with IgG in RNA-containing ICs to generate robust primary blood pDC IFN-α responses in vitro. pDC responses to these ICs required both FcαR and FcγRIIa, showing synergy between these Fc receptors. Sm/RNP IC binding to and internalization by pDCs were greater when ICs contained both IgA1 and IgG. Circulating pDCs from individuals with SLE had higher binding of IgA1-containing ICs and higher expression of FcαR than pDCs from healthy control individuals. Although pDC FcαR expression correlated with the blood IFN-stimulated gene signature in SLE, Toll-like receptor 7 agonists, but not IFN-α, up-regulated pDC FcαR expression in vitro. Together, we show a mechanism by which IgA1 autoantibodies contribute to SLE pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley R Waterman
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Matthew J Dufort
- Center for Systems Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Sylvia E Posso
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Minjian Ni
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Lucy Z Li
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Chengsong Zhu
- Department of Immunology, Microarray and Immune Phenotyping Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Prithvi Raj
- Department of Immunology, Microarray and Immune Phenotyping Core Facility, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Kelly D Smith
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jane H Buckner
- Center for Translational Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
| | - Jessica A Hamerman
- Molecular and Cell Biology Program, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Center for Fundamental Immunology, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA 98101, USA
- Department of Immunology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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2
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Gowda S, Rana K, Kumar A, Prajapati PK, Patel N, Pandya S, Srivastava R. Extracellular mitochondrial components as new biomarkers for lupus nephritis. Lupus 2024; 33:779-786. [PMID: 38621786 DOI: 10.1177/09612033241247622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Major reason for mortality among systemic lupus erythematosus patients is renal failure due to the deposition of immune complexes in the glomeruli. Being a chronic disease with multiple relapses and remissions across the lifespan, it's important to know the degree of nephritis for diagnosis as well as the long-term clinical management of the patients. Currently, renal biopsy is being used as the gold standard to diagnose and define the stages of the disease. However, renal biopsy being invasive only provides a localized picture of nephritis, and has the risk of bleeding. Additionally, it is also cost-intensive. Hence, a reliable, non-invasive biomarker is required for lupus nephritis. This study has evaluated extracellular mitochondrial components, including cell-free mitochondria, and cell-free mitochondrial DNA as probable biomarkers of the degree of nephritis. Both showed a significant correlation with proteinuria and protein-creatinine ratio. Our study substantiates their usage as clinical biomarkers of nephritis upon their validation in a larger cohort of lupus nephritis patients and other forms of nephritis. Although the current data suggest using cell-free mitochondria as a biomarker of lupus nephritis is better than the cell-free mitochondrial DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sharath Gowda
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Khushboo Rana
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | - Ankit Kumar
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
| | | | | | - Sapan Pandya
- V. S. Hospital Medical College, Ahmedabad, India
| | - Ratika Srivastava
- Department of Microbiology and Biotechnology Centre, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda, Vadodara, India
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India
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Rekvig OP. SLE: a cognitive step forward-a synthesis of rethinking theories, causality, and ignored DNA structures. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1393814. [PMID: 38895113 PMCID: PMC11183320 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1393814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is classified by instinctual classification criteria. A valid proclamation is that these formally accepted SLE classification criteria legitimate the syndrome as being difficult to explain and therefore enigmatic. SLE involves scientific problems linked to etiological factors and criteria. Our insufficient understanding of the clinical condition uniformly denoted SLE depends on the still open question of whether SLE is, according to classification criteria, a well-defined one disease entity or represents a variety of overlapping indistinct syndromes. Without rational hypotheses, these problems harm clear definition(s) of the syndrome. Why SLE is not anchored in logic, consequent, downstream interdependent and interactive inflammatory networks may rely on ignored predictive causality principles. Authoritative classification criteria do not reflect consequent causality criteria and do not unify characterization principles such as diagnostic criteria. We need now to reconcile legendary scientific achievements to concretize the delimitation of what SLE really is. Not all classified SLE syndromes are "genuine SLE"; many are theoretically "SLE-like non-SLE" syndromes. In this study, progressive theories imply imperative challenges to reconsider the fundamental impact of "the causality principle". This may offer us logic classification and diagnostic criteria aimed at identifying concise SLE syndromes as research objects. Can a systems science approach solve this problem?
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Dombrowsky CS, Happel D, Habermann J, Hofmann S, Otmi S, Cohen B, Kolmar H. A Conditionally Activated Cytosol-Penetrating Antibody for TME-Dependent Intracellular Cargo Delivery. Antibodies (Basel) 2024; 13:37. [PMID: 38804305 PMCID: PMC11130931 DOI: 10.3390/antib13020037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Currently, therapeutic and diagnostic applications of antibodies are primarily limited to cell surface-exposed and extracellular proteins. However, research has been conducted on cell-penetrating peptides (CPP), as well as cytosol-penetrating antibodies, to overcome these limitations. In this context, a heparin sulfate proteoglycan (HSPG)-binding antibody was serendipitously discovered, which eventually localizes to the cytosol of target cells. Functional characterization revealed that the tested antibody has beneficial cytosol-penetrating capabilities and can deliver cargo proteins (up to 70 kDa) to the cytosol. To achieve tumor-specific cell targeting and cargo delivery through conditional activation of the cell-penetrating antibody in the tumor microenvironment, a single-chain Fc fragment (scFv) and a VL domain were isolated as masking units. Several in vitro assays demonstrated that fusing the masking protein with a cleavable linker to the cell penetration antibody results in the inactivation of antibody cell binding and internalization. Removal of the mask via MMP-9 protease cleavage, a protease that is frequently overexpressed in the tumor microenvironment (TME), led to complete regeneration of binding and cytosol-penetrating capabilities. Masked and conditionally activated cytosol-penetrating antibodies have the potential to serve as a modular platform for delivering protein cargoes addressing intracellular targets in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolin Sophie Dombrowsky
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Dominic Happel
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jan Habermann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sarah Hofmann
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Sasi Otmi
- Inter-Lab, a Subsidiary of Merck KGaA, South Industrial Area, Yavne 8122004, Israel
| | - Benny Cohen
- Inter-Lab, a Subsidiary of Merck KGaA, South Industrial Area, Yavne 8122004, Israel
| | - Harald Kolmar
- Institute for Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Peter-Grünberg-Strasse 4, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
- Centre for Synthetic Biology, Technical University of Darmstadt, D-64287 Darmstadt, Germany
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5
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Rekvig OP. The greatest contribution to medical science is the transformation from studying symptoms to studying their causes-the unrelenting legacy of Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur-and a causality perspective to approach a definition of SLE. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1346619. [PMID: 38361929 PMCID: PMC10867267 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1346619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The basic initiative related to this study is derived from the fact that systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a unique and fertile system science subject. We are, however, still far from understanding its nature. It may be fair to indicate that we are spending more time and resources on studying the complexity of classified SLE than studying the validity of classification criteria. This study represents a theoretical analysis of current instinctual SLE classification criteria based on "the causality principle." The discussion has its basis on the radical scientific traditions introduced by Robert Koch and Louis Pasteur. They announced significant changes in our thinking of disease etiology through the implementation of the modern version of "the causality principle." They influenced all aspects of today's medical concepts and research: the transformation of medical science from studies of symptoms to study their causes, relevant for monosymptomatic diseases as for syndromes. Their studies focused on bacteria as causes of infectious diseases and on how the immune system adapts to control and prevent contagious spreading. This is the most significant paradigm shift in the modern history of medicine and resulted in radical changes in our view of the immune system. They described acquired post-infection immunity and active immunization by antigen-specific vaccines. The paradigm "transformation" has a great theoretical impact also on current studies of autoimmune diseases like SLE: symptoms and their cause(s). In this study, the evolution of SLE classification and diagnostic criteria is discussed from "the causality principle" perspective, and if contemporary SLE classification criteria are as useful as believed today for SLE research. This skepticism is based on the fact that classification criteria are not selected based on cogent causal strategies. The SLE classification criteria do not harmonize with Koch's and Pasteur's causality principle paradigms and not with Witebsky's Koch-derived postulates for autoimmune and infectious diseases. It is not established whether the classification criteria can separate SLE as a "one disease entity" from "SLE-like non-SLE disorders"-the latter in terms of SLE imitations. This is discussed here in terms of weight, rank, and impact of the classification criteria: Do they all originate from "one basic causal etiology"? Probably not.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Section for Autoimmunity, Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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Rojo R, Calvo Alén J, Prada Á, Valor S, Roy G, López-Hoyos M, Cervera R, Sánchez Mateos P, Jurado Roger A. Recommendations for the use of anti-dsDNA autoantibodies in the diagnosis and follow-up of systemic lupus erythematosus - A proposal from an expert panel. Autoimmun Rev 2023; 22:103479. [PMID: 37967782 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023]
Abstract
Anti-dsDNA autoantibodies are listed as one of the classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and are relatively effective indicators for monitoring disease activity and treatment response. Therefore, clinicians rely on them to diagnose and adjust medication and treatment strategies for SLE patients. However, the use of anti-dsDNA antibodies is not free from controversy. Part of this controversy stems from the fact that anti-dsDNA antibodies are found in several disorders, besides SLE. In addition to this, anti-dsDNA antibodies are a heterogeneous group of antibodies, and their determination still lacks proper standardization. Moreover, anti-dsDNA testing specificity and diagnostic performance change depending on the population under study. These and other issues result in inconsistency and encumber the clinical use of anti-dsDNA antibodies. A panel of medical laboratory and clinical experts on SLE discussed such issues based on their clinical experience in a first meeting, establishing a series of recommendations. The proceedings of this first meeting, plus an exhaustive review of the literature, were used to compose a paper draft. The panel subsequently discussed and refined this draft in a second meeting, the result of which is this paper. This document is relevant to clinical laboratories as it guides to improving diagnosis and monitoring of SLE. Simultaneously, it will help laboratories compile more informative reports, not limited to a mere number. It is also relevant to clinical doctors who wish to better understand laboratory methods so that they can do a more efficient, better-aimed laboratory test ordering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Rojo
- Specialist Consultant at the Immunology Department of the University Hospital of A Coruña, Spain
| | - Jaime Calvo Alén
- Head of the Rheumatology Department at the Araba University Hospital, Vitoria, Spain
| | - Álvaro Prada
- Head of Section at the Immunology Laboratory of the University Hospital of Donostia, Spain
| | | | - Garbiñe Roy
- Head of the Autoimmunity Section at the Immunology Department of the Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marcos López-Hoyos
- Head of the Immunology Department at the Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL University Hospital, Santander. Full Professor, Molecular Biology Department at the University of Cantabria, Santander, Spain.
| | - Ricard Cervera
- Head of the Department of Autoimmune Diseases, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Paloma Sánchez Mateos
- Full Professor at the Complutense University, and Specialist Consultant at the Immunology Department of the Gregorio Marañón General University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Aurora Jurado Roger
- Head of Section at the Immunology and Allergology Department of the Reina Sofía University Hospital, Córdoba, Spain
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Al Khatib I, Deng J, Lei Y, Torres-Odio S, Rojas GR, Newman LE, Chung BK, Symes A, Zhang H, Huang SYN, Pommier Y, Khan A, Shadel GS, West AP, Gibson WT, Shutt TE. Activation of the cGAS-STING innate immune response in cells with deficient mitochondrial topoisomerase TOP1MT. Hum Mol Genet 2023; 32:2422-2440. [PMID: 37129502 PMCID: PMC10360396 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddad062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The recognition that cytosolic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) activates cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) innate immune signaling has unlocked novel disease mechanisms. Here, an uncharacterized variant predicted to affect TOP1MT function, P193L, was discovered in a family with multiple early onset autoimmune diseases, including Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). Although there was no previous genetic association between TOP1MT and autoimmune disease, the role of TOP1MT as a regulator of mtDNA led us to investigate whether TOP1MT could mediate the release of mtDNA to the cytosol, where it could then activate the cGAS-STING innate immune pathway known to be activated in SLE and other autoimmune diseases. Through analysis of cells with reduced TOP1MT expression, we show that loss of TOP1MT results in release of mtDNA to the cytosol, which activates the cGAS-STING pathway. We also characterized the P193L variant for its ability to rescue several TOP1MT functions when expressed in TOP1MT knockout cells. We show that the P193L variant is not fully functional, as its re-expression at high levels was unable to rescue mitochondrial respiration deficits, and only showed partial rescue for other functions, including repletion of mtDNA replication following depletion, nucleoid size, steady state mtDNA transcripts levels and mitochondrial morphology. Additionally, expression of P193L at endogenous levels was unable to rescue mtDNA release-mediated cGAS-STING signaling. Overall, we report a link between TOP1MT and mtDNA release leading to cGAS-STING activation. Moreover, we show that the P193L variant has partial loss of function that may contribute to autoimmune disease susceptibility via cGAS-STING mediated activation of the innate immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Al Khatib
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Jingti Deng
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
| | - Yuanjiu Lei
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Sylvia Torres-Odio
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - Gladys R Rojas
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Laura E Newman
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Brian K Chung
- Norwegian PSC Research Center, Oslo University Hospital, Rikshospitalet, Oslo, Norway
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Andrew Symes
- Department of Geomatics Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Shar-yin N Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yves Pommier
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Developmental Therapeutics Branch, Center for Cancer Research, NCI, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Aneal Khan
- Discovery DNA, Calgary, Alberta T2L 1Y8, Canada
- M.A.G.I.C. Clinic Ltd. (Metabolics and Genetics in Calgary)
- Department of Pediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Calgary, Alberta T2M OL6, Canada
| | - Gerald S Shadel
- The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Andrew Phillip West
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis and Immunology, School of Medicine, Texas A&M University, Bryan, TX, USA
| | - William T Gibson
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, British Columbia Children's Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Timothy E Shutt
- Departments of Medical Genetics and Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Cumming School of Medicine, Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute, Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Snyder Institute for Chronic Diseases, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 4N1, Canada
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8
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Fang L, Ying S, Xu X, Wu D. TREX1 cytosolic DNA degradation correlates with autoimmune disease and cancer immunity. Clin Exp Immunol 2023; 211:193-207. [PMID: 36745566 PMCID: PMC10038326 DOI: 10.1093/cei/uxad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The N-terminal domain of Three Prime Repair Exonuclease 1 (TREX1) is catalytically active and can degrade dsDNA or ssDNA in the cytosol, whereas the C-terminal domain is primarily involved in protein localization. TREX1 deficiency induces cytosolic DNA accumulation as well as activation of the cGAS-STING-IFN signaling pathway, which results in tissue inflammation and autoimmune diseases. Furthermore, TREX1 expression in cancer immunity can be adaptively regulated to promote tumor proliferation, making it a promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Fang
- Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Center, Pediatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Songcheng Ying
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xi Xu
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - De Wu
- Pediatric Neurorehabilitation Center, Pediatric Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Yuan C, Liu X, Cai S, Zhang L, Guo R, Jia Z, Sun Y, Li B. Secreted aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional protein-1 (AIMP1) is a promising predictor for the severity of acute AQP4-IgG positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2023; 70:104504. [PMID: 36623394 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.104504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase complex interacting with multifunctional protein-1 (AIMP1) has been reported to carry pro-inflammatory properties and anti-angiogenesis effects. However, the exact role of AIMP1 in patients with NMOSD is not yet clear. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between plasma AIMP1 levels and disease severity in patients with AQP4-IgG+ NMOSD from North China based on the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score. METHODS Plasma AIMP1 levels were measured using ELISA kits in 94 patients with AQP4-IgG+NMOSD (48 in the acute phase before high-dose intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) therapy, 21 in the acute phase after IVMP therapy, 25 in the clinical remission-phase)as well as 33 healthy controls (HCs). The disability function of NMOSD patients was evaluated using the EDSS score. Furthermore, the clinical characteristics of the patients were also evaluated, and laboratory tests were performed on blood samples. RESULTS The plasma AIMP1 levels in AQP4-IgG+NMOSD patients with acute phase before IVMP therapy were significantly higher as compared to those in patients after the IVMP therapy (p < 0.001) as well as those in the clinical remission phase (p = 0.021) or HCs (p < 0.001). Plasma AIMP1 levels were positively correlated with EDSS scores (r = 0.485, p < 0.001) and negatively correlated with serum complement 3 concentrations (r =-0.452, p = 0.001). AIMP1 exhibited the potential to distinguish NMOSD from HCs (AUROC 0.820, p < 0.0001) and could differentiate mild and moderate-severe NMOSD (AUROC 0.790, p = 0.0006). Furthermore, plasma AIMP1 levels of ≥49.55pg/mL were found to be an independent predictor of the risk for moderate-severe NMOSD (with OR 0.03, 95%CI 0.001-0.654, p = 0.026). CONCLUSION AIMP1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of AQP4-IgG+NMOSD disease and predict the disease activity, severity, or effect of treatment in patients with NMOSD. Further studies should be performed to reveal the precise mechanisms of AQP4-IgG+NMOSD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Yuan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China; Department of Neurology, Baoding First Central Hospital, Baoding, China
| | - Xueyu Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Shuang Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Ruoyi Guo
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Zhen Jia
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Yafei Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China; The Key Laboratory of Neurology (Hebei Medical University), Ministry of Education, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050000, China.
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10
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Callery EL, Morais CLM, Nugent L, Rowbottom AW. Classification of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Using Raman Spectroscopy of Blood and Automated Computational Detection Methods: A Novel Tool for Future Diagnostic Testing. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12123158. [PMID: 36553165 PMCID: PMC9777204 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12123158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the proof of concept for using Raman spectroscopy as a diagnostic platform in the setting of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We sought to identify unique Raman signatures in serum blood samples to successfully segregate SLE patients from healthy controls (HC). In addition, a retrospective audit was undertaken to assess the clinical utility of current testing platforms used to detect anti-double stranded DNA (dsDNA) antibodies (n = 600). We examined 234 Raman spectra to investigate key variances between SLE patients (n = 8) and HC (n = 4). Multi-variant analysis and classification model construction was achieved using principal component analysis (PCA), PCA-linear discriminant analysis and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). We achieved the successful segregation of Raman spectra from SLE patients and healthy controls (p-value < 0.0001). Classification models built using PLS-DA demonstrated outstanding performance characteristics with 99% accuracy, 100% sensitivity and 99% specificity. Twelve statistically significant (p-value < 0.001) wavenumbers were identified as potential diagnostic spectral markers. Molecular assignments related to proteins and DNA demonstrated significant Raman intensity changes between SLE and HC groups. These wavenumbers may serve as future biomarkers and offer further insight into the pathogenesis of SLE. Our audit confirmed previously reported inconsistencies between two key methodologies used to detect anti-dsDNA, highlighting the need for improved laboratory testing for SLE. Raman spectroscopy has demonstrated powerful performance characteristics in this proof-of-concept study, setting the foundations for future translation into the clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma L. Callery
- Department of Immunology, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston PR2 9HT, UK
- Correspondence: (E.L.C.); (A.W.R.)
| | - Camilo L. M. Morais
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal 59072-970, Brazil
| | - Lucy Nugent
- Department of Immunology, Whiston Hospital, Prescot L35 5DR, UK
| | - Anthony W. Rowbottom
- Department of Immunology, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston PR2 9HT, UK
- School of Medicine, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, UK
- Correspondence: (E.L.C.); (A.W.R.)
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11
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Hejazian SS, Hejazian SM, Farnood F, Abedi Azar S. Dysregulation of immunity in COVID-19 and SLE. Inflammopharmacology 2022; 30:1517-1531. [PMID: 36028612 PMCID: PMC9417079 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01047-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The immune response plays a crucial role in preventing diseases, such as infections. There are two types of immune responses, specific and innate immunity, each of which consists of two components: cellular immunity and humoral immunity. Dysfunction in any immune system component increases the risk of developing certain diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease in the human body, develops an immune response against its own components. In these patients, due to underlying immune system disorders and receipt of immunosuppressive drugs, the susceptibility to infections is higher than in the general population and is the single largest cause of mortality in this group. COVID-19 infection, which first appeared in late 2019, has caused several concerns in patients with SLE. However, there is no strong proof of additional risk of developing COVID-19 in patients with SLE, and in some cases, studies have shown less severity of the disease in these individuals. This review paper discusses the immune disorders in SLE and COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Sina Hejazian
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | | | - Farahnoosh Farnood
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Sima Abedi Azar
- Kidney Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
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12
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Rekvig OP. SLE classification criteria: Science-based icons or algorithmic distractions – an intellectually demanding dilemma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1011591. [PMID: 36248792 PMCID: PMC9555175 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1011591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
It is, so to say, not a prerogative authority assigned to SLE classification criteria that allow them to declare something definitively important about SLE. This is particularly true as criteria-based classification processes overrule the highly needed evolution of concise diagnostic criteria. It is classification criteria that allocate SLE patients into cohorts intended to describe the nature of their disease. Therefore, all major SLE classification criteria since the 1971 preliminary criteria usurp the role of diagnostic criteria. Today´s practice silently accept that the SLE classification process “diagnose” SLE patients despite the fact that classification criteria are not accepted as diagnostic criteria! This is a central paradox in contemporary SLE research strategies. Contemporary SLE cohorts are designed to investigate SLE´s etiological features. However, each cohort that is categorized by classification criteria has one central inherent problem. From theoretical and practical arguments, they embody multiple distinct clinical phenotypes. This raises the critical and principal question if phenotypically heterogenic SLE cohorts are useful to identify basic SLE-specific etiology(ies) and disease process(es). In times to come, we must prioritize development of firm diagnostic criteria for SLE, as the classification criteria have not contributed to reduce the enigmatic character of the syndrome. No radical improvements are visible in the horizon that may lead to concise investigations of SLE in well-defined homogenous SLE cohorts. We must develop new strategies where studies of phenotypically standardized cohorts of SLE must be central elements. Problems related to contemporary SLE classification criteria are contemplated, analyzed, and critically discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- *Correspondence: Ole Petter Rekvig,
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13
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Chang K, Na W, Liu C, Xu H, Liu Y, Wang Y, Jiang Z. Peripheral CD4 +CD8 + double positive T cells: A potential marker to evaluate renal impairment susceptibility during systemic lupus erythematosus. J Biomed Res 2022; 37:59-68. [PMID: 36625011 PMCID: PMC9898043 DOI: 10.7555/jbr.36.20220094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) has a high incidence in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients, but there is a lack of sensitive predictive markers. The purpose of the study was to investigate the association between the CD4 +CD8 + double positive T (DPT) lymphocytes and LN. The study included patients with SLE without renal impairment (SLE-NRI), LN, nephritic syndrome (NS), or nephritis. Peripheral blood lymphocyte subsets were analyzed by flow cytometry. Biochemical measurements were performed with peripheral blood in accordance with the recommendations proposed by the National Center for Clinical Laboratories. The proportions of DPT cells in the LN group were significantly higher than that in the SLE-NRI group ( t=4.012, P<0.001), NS group ( t=3.240, P=0.001), and nephritis group ( t=2.57, P=0.011). In the LN group, the risk of renal impairment increased significantly in a DPT cells proportion-dependent manner. The risk of LN was 5.136 times (95% confidence interval, 2.115-12.473) higher in cases with a high proportion of DPT cells than those whose proportion of DPT cells within the normal range. These findings indicated that the proportion of DPT cells could be a potential marker to evaluate LN susceptibility, and the interference of NS and nephritis could be effectively excluded when assessing the risk of renal impairment during SLE with DPT cell proportion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Chang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
| | - Wanlin Na
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
| | - Chenxia Liu
- Institute of Microbiology, Sichuan Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chengdu, Sichuan 610044, China
| | - Hongxuan Xu
- Biology Teaching and Research Group, Chengdu Experimental Foreign Languages School, Chengdu, Sichuan 611134, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
| | - Yanyan Wang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
| | - Zhongyong Jiang
- Department of Medical Laboratory, The General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
- Department of Medical Laboratory, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu Seventh People's Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan 610231, China
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14
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Omidi F, Khoshmirsafa M, Kianmehr N, Faraji F, Delbandi A, Seif F, Shekarabi M. Comparison of circulating miR-148a and miR-126 with autoantibodies as biomarkers of lupus nephritis in patients with SLE. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2022; 43:634-647. [PMID: 35938736 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2022.2099225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lupus nephritis (LN) is the main manifestation of systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) and autoantibodies could be suitable candidate biomarkers of LN. This study evaluates the expression of circulating miR-148a and miR-126 along with anti-dsDNA, anti-C1q, and anti-C3b autoantibodies in SLE patients with LN (SLE + LN). 30 women with SLE, 30 women with SLE + LN, and 25 women as healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. The plasma expression of selected miRNAs was evaluated by real-time PCR. The serum level of anti-dsDNA, C1q, and C3b antibodies was measured by the ELISA. The expression of miR-148a was significantly increased in SLE and SLE+LN groups compared with the control group. No significant difference was found in the expression of miR-126 among the groups. The frequency of autoantibodies was significantly higher in the SLE + LN group than SLE. The Higher levels of circulating miR-148a in the SLE samples compared with the HCs suggest that this miRNA could be a reliable biomarker for SLE patients (with or without LN). Also, autoantibodies against dsDNA, C1q, and, C3 could be used for the prediction of SLE nephritis, independently. However, further studies are needed to confirm these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frouzan Omidi
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Khoshmirsafa
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nahid Kianmehr
- Rheumatology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Faraji
- Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Delbandi
- Immunology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Immunology, Academic Center for Education Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shekarabi
- Immunology Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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15
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Bai J, Huang JH, Price CPE, Schauer JM, Suh LA, Harmon R, Conley DB, Welch KC, Kern RC, Shintani-Smith S, Peters AT, Stevens WW, Kato A, Schleimer RP, Tan BK. Prognostic factors for polyp recurrence in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2022; 150:352-361.e7. [PMID: 35305978 PMCID: PMC9378510 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2022.02.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps is frequently managed with endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS). Prior studies describe individual clinical variables and eosinophil density measures as prognostic for polyp recurrence (PR). However, the relative prognostic significance of these have not been extensively investigated. OBJECTIVES We sought to evaluate the impact of PR on measures of disease severity post-ESS and quantify the prognostic value of various clinical variables and biomarkers. METHODS Ninety-four patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps and prospectively biobanked polyp homogenates at the time of ESS were recruited 2 to 5 years post-ESS. Patients were evaluated with patient-reported outcome measures and endoscopic and radiographic scoring pre- and post-ESS. Biomarkers in polyp homogenates were measured with ELISA and Luminex. Relaxed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator regression optimized predictive clinical, biomarker, and combined models. Model performance was assessed using receiver-operating characteristic curve and random forest analysis. RESULTS PR was found in 39.4% of patients, despite significant improvements in modified Lund-Mackay (MLM) radiographic and 22-item Sinonasal Outcomes Test scores (both P < .0001). PR was significantly associated with worse post-ESS MLM, modified Lund-Kennedy, and 22-item Sinonasal Outcomes Test scores. Relaxed least absolute shrinkage and selection operator identified 2 clinical predictors (area under the curve = 0.79) and 3 biomarkers (area under the curve = 0.78) that were prognostic for PR. When combined, the model incorporating these pre-ESS factors: MLM, asthma, eosinophil cationic protein, anti-double-stranded DNA IgG, and IL-5 improved PR predictive accuracy to area under the curve of 0.89. Random forest analysis identified and validated each of the 5 variables as the strongest predictors of PR. CONCLUSIONS PR had strong associations with patient-reported outcome measures, endoscopic and radiographic severity. A combined model comprised of eosinophil cationic protein, IL-5, pre-ESS MLM, asthma, and anti-double-stranded DNA IgG could accurately predict PR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqin Bai
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Julia H Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Caroline P E Price
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Jacob M Schauer
- Department of Preventive Medicine-Biostatistics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Lydia A Suh
- Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Regan Harmon
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - David B Conley
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Kevin C Welch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert C Kern
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | | | - Anju T Peters
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Whitney W Stevens
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Atsushi Kato
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Robert P Schleimer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill
| | - Bruce K Tan
- Department of Otolaryngology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill; Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill.
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16
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Liao QQ, Ren YF, Zhu KW, Qin D, Mo YJ, Cong S, Wu J, Wang CY, Cui XJ, Xu HZ, Guo LZ, Zhang YY, Song HX, Zhang W, Yang Z, Tang YF, Li ZJ, Xie ZN, Li LM, Wang HJ, Zhou MM, Wei FN, Chen P, Shi YH. Long-Term Prognostic Factors in Patients With Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis: A 15-Year Multicenter Retrospective Study. Front Immunol 2022; 13:913667. [PMID: 35844610 PMCID: PMC9279612 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.913667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA)-associated vasculitis (AAV) is a multisystem autoimmune disease with small-vessel involvement. In AAV, microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) and granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) are major clinicopathologic variants. In addition, myeloperoxidase (MPO) and proteinase 3 (PR3) are major target antigens. The objective of the study was to explore the predictive factors for long-term survival in AAV patients. Materials and Methods A multicenter retrospective study was carried out on 407 patients between 2005 and 2020. Clinical parameters were obtained from laboratory tests including the ANCA types, antinuclear antibody (ANA), extractable nuclear antigen (ENA), anti-streptolysin O (ASO), glomerular filtration rate (GFR), and the laboratory examinations for the blood routine, liver function, renal function, and immunity, etc. The data for clinical parameters were collected from electronic medical records (EMRs), and the data for patient survival were acquired through regular follow-up. The association of clinical parameters with overall survival (OS) along with 3-year and 5-year survival rates was analyzed, and the nomogram as a predictive model was established according to the analysis results. Results In the present study, 336 (82.6%) patients and 46 (11.3%) patients were diagnosed with MPA and GPA, respectively. The mean and median OS for all the patients were 2,285 and 2,290 days, respectively. The 1-year, 3-year, 5-year, and 10-year cumulative survival rates for all the patients were 84.2%, 76.3%, 57.2%, and 32.4%, respectively. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses indicated that the independent prognostic factors included age, pathological categories (MPA, GPA, and other types), serum ANCA types (negative or positive for MPO and/or PR3), ANA, ASO, GFR, lymphocyte, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and C-reactive protein (CRP), and these clinical parameters except for ASO were used to construct a nomogram. The nomogram for 3-year and 5-year survival rates had a C-index of 0.721 (95% CI 0.676-0.766). The calibration curves showed that the predicted values of the nomogram for 3-year and 5-year survival rates were generally consistent with practical observed values, and decision curve analysis (DCA) further demonstrated the practicability and accuracy of the predictive model. Conclusion Laboratory tests at diagnosis have great significance in the prediction of long-term survival in AAV patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Liao
- Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Ya-Fei Ren
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Ke-Wei Zhu
- Department of Clinical Research, Institute of Pharmacology, Guangzhou Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical Holding Co., Ltd., Baiyunshan Pharmaceutical General Factory, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Dong Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Yan-Ju Mo
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Shan Cong
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Rheumatology, Ganzhou People’s Hospital, Ganzhou, China
| | - Chun-Ying Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Qiqihar Medical University, Qiqihar, China
| | - Xiao-Jiao Cui
- Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Zhen Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Lin-Zheng Guo
- Department of Thyroid, Breast and Vascular Surgery, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - You-Yan Zhang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Hai-Xia Song
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yangquan Coal Industry (Group) General Hospital, Yangquan, China
| | - Zhe Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, North China Medical Health Group Xingtai General Hospital, Xingtai, China
| | - Yan-Feng Tang
- Department of Geriatrics, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Zhuo-Jun Li
- Department of Neurology, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Zhou-Ni Xie
- Department of General Medicine, People’s Hospital, Guilin, China
| | - Li-Mei Li
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, People’s Hospital of Guilin, Guilin, China
| | - Hui-Juan Wang
- Department of General Medicine, People’s Hospital, Guilin, China
| | - Meng-Meng Zhou
- School of Public Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Fang-Ning Wei
- School of Clinical Pharmacy, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
| | - Peng Chen
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu-Hong Shi
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Affiliated Hospital of Guilin Medical University, Guilin, China
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Anti-double stranded DNA antibodies: A rational diagnostic approach in limited resource settings. Pract Lab Med 2022; 31:e00285. [PMID: 35711387 PMCID: PMC9192786 DOI: 10.1016/j.plabm.2022.e00285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Context Anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid antibodies (dsDNA Abs) are highly specific markers of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Multiple methods are employed for their detection in routine diagnostics. Objectives The aim of this study was to evaluate a diagnostic approach for anti-dsDNA Abs using DNA-ELISA and Crithidia luciliae fluorescence test (CLIFT), in combination with antinuclear antibody (ANA) screening. Methods We enrolled 113 patients—53 with SLE, 50 with other systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (OSARD), and 10 with non-autoimmune clinical conditions (NAICC). Patients’ samples were tested for anti-dsDNA Abs using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and CLIFT, combined to ANA screening by indirect immunofluorescence assay (ANA-IIFA). Results The mean age of patients was 39.94 ± 15 years (ranges: 11–85 years). Overall, specimens from 77.3%, 11.7%, and 20% of patients with SLE, OSARD and NAICC respectively were ELISA-positive; and those from 54.7% to 4% of patients with SLE and OSARD, respectively, were CLIFT-positive. CLIFT positivity was significantly associated with high ELISA titers (p = 0.002) and homogeneous ANA-IIF pattern (p = 0.0002). Conclusion For better clinical relevance of anti-dsDNA antibodies, we suggest a combined detection strategy based on ELISA, CLIFT and ANA-IIFA, considering the clinical criteria of SLE. Anti-dsDNA Abs represent an excellent indicator of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) activity and valuable diagnostic biomarker. We tested 103 autoimmune disease cases and 10 non-autoimmune condition cases for anti-dsDNA Abs using DNA and CLIFT, in combination with ANA-IIF screening. CLIFT positivity was significantly associated with high DNA-ELISA titers (p = 0.002) and homogeneous ANA-IIF pattern (p = 0.0002). High DNA-ELISA titers with a positive CLIFT are clinically relevant for the diagnosis of SLE, especially in the presence of a homogeneous ANA-IIF pattern.
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Du LJ, Feng YX, He ZX, Huang L, Wang Q, Wen CP, Zhang Y. Norcantharidin ameliorates the development of murine lupus via inhibiting the generation of IL-17 producing cells. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2022; 43:1521-1533. [PMID: 34552214 PMCID: PMC9159996 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-021-00773-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a devastating autoimmune disorder associated with severe organ damage. The abnormality of T cell apoptosis is considered as an important pathogenetic mechanism of SLE. Norcantharidin (NCTD), a derivative of Cantharidin, is an efficacious anti-cancer drug by inhibiting cell proliferation and inducing cell apoptosis. Besides, NCTD has also been proved to protect the function of kidneys, while damaged renal function is the most important predictor of morbidity and mortality in SLE. All these suggest the potential effects of NCTD in SLE treatment. In this study we investigated whether NCTD exerted therapeutic effects in a mouse SLE model. Lupus prone female MRL/lpr mice were treated with NCTD (1, 2 mg·kg-1·d-1, ip) for 8 weeks. We showed that NCTD administration significantly decreased mortality rate, diminished the expression of anti-dsDNA IgG antibody, a diagnostic marker for SLE, as well as restored renal structure and function in MRL/lpr mice. Moreover, NCTD administration dose-dependently inhibited lymphoproliferation and T cell accumulation in the spleens of MRL/lpr mice. We further revealed that NCTD specifically inhibited DN T cell proliferation and Th17 cell differentiation both via blocking activation of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway. On the other hand, NCTD did not affect T cell apoptosis in MRL/lpr mice. Taken together, our data suggest that NCTD may be as a promising therapeutic drug through targeting T cells for the treatment of SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-jun Du
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Yu-xiang Feng
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Zhi-xing He
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Lin Huang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Qiao Wang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Cheng-ping Wen
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
| | - Yun Zhang
- grid.268505.c0000 0000 8744 8924Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053 China
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Rekvig OP. The Anti-DNA Antibodies: Their Specificities for Unique DNA Structures and Their Unresolved Clinical Impact-A System Criticism and a Hypothesis. Front Immunol 2022; 12:808008. [PMID: 35087528 PMCID: PMC8786728 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.808008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is diagnosed and classified by criteria, or by experience, intuition and traditions, and not by scientifically well-defined etiology(ies) or pathogenicity(ies). One central criterion and diagnostic factor is founded on theoretical and analytical approaches based on our imperfect definition of the term “The anti-dsDNA antibody”. “The anti-dsDNA antibody” holds an archaic position in SLE as a unique classification criterium and pathogenic factor. In a wider sense, antibodies to unique transcriptionally active or silent DNA structures and chromatin components may have individual and profound nephritogenic impact although not considered yet – not in theoretical nor in descriptive or experimental contexts. This hypothesis is contemplated here. In this analysis, our state-of-the-art conception of these antibodies is probed and found too deficient with respect to their origin, structural DNA specificities and clinical/pathogenic impact. Discoveries of DNA structures and functions started with Miescher’s Nuclein (1871), via Chargaff, Franklin, Watson and Crick, and continues today. The discoveries have left us with a DNA helix that presents distinct structures expressing unique operations of DNA. All structures are proven immunogenic! Unique autoimmune antibodies are described against e.g. ssDNA, elongated B DNA, bent B DNA, Z DNA, cruciform DNA, or individual components of chromatin. In light of the massive scientific interest in anti-DNA antibodies over decades, it is an unexpected observation that the spectrum of DNA structures has been known for decades without being implemented in clinical immunology. This leads consequently to a critical analysis of historical and contemporary evidence-based data and of ignored and one-dimensional contexts and hypotheses: i.e. “one antibody - one disease”. In this study radical viewpoints on the impact of DNA and chromatin immunity/autoimmunity are considered and discussed in context of the pathogenesis of lupus nephritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Section of Autoimmunity, Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway.,Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
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20
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Ju B, Wang J, Mo L, Huang J, Hao Z, Lv X, Pu D, He L. Elevated CD19 +Siglec-10 + B cell levels are correlated with systemic lupus erythematosus disease activity. Int Immunopharmacol 2021; 102:108403. [PMID: 34857478 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2021.108403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by B cell dysregulation and the breakdown of self-tolerance, leading to pathogenic autoantibody production. Human Siglec-10 is a member of the sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-type lectin (Siglec) family and a B cell surface coreceptor that inhibits B cell receptor-induced signalling. However, to date, no report has investigated CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in SLE patients. Thus, this study aimed to measure the population of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in patients with SLE and its correlation with disease activity. METHODS Flow cytometry was employed to measure the population of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of both SLE patients and healthy controls (HCs). The correlation of the proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells with the values of SLE disease activity was analysed. PBMCs from HCs were challenged with serum from active SLE, inactive SLE, or HCs, and the proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells was then assessed. The effect of dexamethasone (DEX) or hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) treatment on the proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in PBMCs from SLE patients was also determined. RESULTS The proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells in SLE patients was significantly elevated (P < 0.05), correlated positively with the SLEDAI score (r = 0.304; P = 0.018) and negatively with complement component 3 (C3) (r = -0.283; P = 0.04). In vitro assays indicated that sera from active SLE patients could significantly enhance the proportion of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells (P < 0.05), while HCQ treatment significantly attenuated their proportions (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS The elevation of CD19+Siglec-10+ B cells and their correlation with disease activity may suggest a role for Siglec-10 in the pathogenesis and progression of SLE and provide a serum biomarker for SLE activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bomiao Ju
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lingfei Mo
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Huang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhiming Hao
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaohong Lv
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Dan Pu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lan He
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Yanta West Road No. 277, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
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21
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Lack of Association between Serum Interleukin-23 and Interleukin-27 Levels and Disease Activity in Patients with Active Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10204788. [PMID: 34682911 PMCID: PMC8537777 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10204788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 10/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic systemic autoimmune disease characterized by the production of multiple autoantibodies, resulting in tissue and organ damage. Recent studies have revealed that interleukin-23 (IL-23) and interleukin-27 (IL-27) may be therapeutically relevant in selected SLE manifestations. This study aimed to identify associations between serum IL-27 and IL-23 levels and disease activity in Polish patients with different manifestations of SLE: neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE), and lupus nephritis (LN). Associations between interleukin levels and oligo-specific antibodies against double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), dose of glucocorticoids, and type of treatment were also analyzed. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to assess anti-dsDNA antibodies and analyze the serum concentration of IL-27 and IL-23 from 72 patients aged 19-74 years with confirmed active SLE. Disease activity was measured using the Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 (SLEDAI 2-K). No significant correlations between interleukin levels and SLEDAI score, anti-dsDNA, corticosteroid dose, or type of treatment were noted. Patients with NPSLE and LN presented the highest median scores of SLEDAI.
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22
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Izati AF, Mohd Shukri ND, Wan Ghazali WS, Che Hussin CM, Wong KK. Increased IL-23R + Th Cells Population Exhibits Higher SLEDAI-2K Scores in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients. Front Immunol 2021; 12:690908. [PMID: 34484186 PMCID: PMC8416093 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.690908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 07/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The IL-23/IL-17 axis plays causative roles in the development and progression of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, it remains unclear if the IL-17RA+ and IL-23R+ T helper (Th) cells populations are associated with the serum IL-17 and IL-23 levels, or with the immunological parameters and disease activities in SLE patients. Herein, we examined the proportion of IL-17RA+ and IL-23R+ Th cells and serum levels of IL-17 and IL-23 in established SLE patients (n = 50) compared with healthy controls (n = 50). The associations of these interleukins and their receptors with immunological parameters [anti-nuclear antibody (ANA), anti-dsDNA antibody, and C-reactive protein (CRP)] and SLE disease activity (SLEDAI-2K scores) in SLE patients were assessed. CD3+CD4+ Th cells of SLE patients demonstrated significantly elevated IL-17RA+ (p = 1.12 x 10-4) or IL-23R+ (p = 1.98 x 10-29) populations compared with the healthy controls. Serum IL-17 levels were significantly lower in SLE patients compared with the healthy controls (p = 8.32 x 10-5), while no significant difference was observed for the IL-23 serum levels between both groups. IL-23R+ Th cells population was significantly associated with higher SLEDAI-2K scores (p = 0.017). In multivariate analysis, the proportion of IL-23R+ Th cells remained significantly associated with higher SLEDAI-2K scores independent of prednisolone intake (p = 0.027). No associations were observed between the interleukin parameters (i.e., IL-17, IL-23, IL-17RA+ Th cells, and IL-23R+ Th cells) with ANA, anti-dsDNA, and CRP status, suggesting that the IL-17/IL-23 axis acts independently of these immunological parameters. In conclusion, our results support that therapeutic inhibition of the IL-23/IL-17 axis receptors on Th cells, particularly IL-23R, is potentially relevant in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aziz Farah Izati
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Nur Diyana Mohd Shukri
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Wan Syamimee Wan Ghazali
- Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Che Maraina Che Hussin
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
| | - Kah Keng Wong
- Department of Immunology, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia.,Hospital Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Malaysia
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23
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Wei F, Zhou X, Chen H, Tian X, Liu Z, Yu B, He X, Bai C, Huang Z. 5,6,7,8-Tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative attenuates lupus nephritis with less effect to thymocyte development. Immunol Res 2021; 69:378-390. [PMID: 34219199 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-021-09204-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Retinoic‑acid‑receptor‑related orphan nuclear hormone receptor gamma t (RORγt), a critical transcriptional factor of Th17 cells, is a potential therapeutic target for Th17-mediated autoimmune diseases. In addition, RORγt is essential for thymocyte survival and lymph node development, and RORγt inhibition or deficiency causes abnormal thymocyte development, thymus lymphoma, and lymph node defect. Recent study demonstrated that specific regulation of Th17 differentiation related to the hinge region of RORγt. In this research, we investigated the effect of RORγt inhibitor, 5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobenzo[4,5]thieno[2,3-d]pyrimidine derivative (TTP), in the therapy of lupus nephritis and its safety on thymocyte development. We demonstrated that TTP repressed the development of Th17 cells and ameliorated the autoimmune disease manifestation in the pristane-induced lupus nephritis mice model. The treatment of TTP in the mice did not interfere with thymocyte development, including total thymocyte number and proportion of CD4+CD8+ double-positive populations in the thymus, and had no substantial effects on the pathogenesis of thymoma. The TTP had a stronger affinity with full-length RORγt protein compared with the truncated RORγt LBD region via surface plasmon resonance, which indicated TTP binding to RORγt beyond LBD region. Molecular docking computation showed that the best binding pocket of TTP to RORγt is located in the hinge region of RORγt. In summary, as a RORγt inhibitor, TTP had a potential to develop the clinical medicine for treating Th17-mediated autoimmune diseases with low safety risk for thymocyte development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjiao Wei
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhou
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huanpeng Chen
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xuyan Tian
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhonghua Liu
- Animal Experiment Center, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bolan Yu
- Key Laboratory for Major Obstetric Diseases of Guangdong Province, Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xixin He
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuan Bai
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Zhaofeng Huang
- Institute of Human Virology, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
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24
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Kianmehr N, Khoshmirsafa M, Shekarabi M, Falak R, Haghighi A, Masoodian M, Seif F, Omidi F, Shirani F, Dadfar N. High frequency of concurrent anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA but not anti-C3b antibodies in patients with Lupus Nephritis. J Immunoassay Immunochem 2021; 42:406-423. [PMID: 33788670 DOI: 10.1080/15321819.2021.1895215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Lupus Nephritis (LN) in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is one of the most serious and prevalent manifestations. The procedure of renal biopsy is harmful and accompanied by potential hazards. Therefore, introducing reliable biomarkers to predict LN is exceedingly worthwhile. In the present study, we compared the diagnostic values of circulating autoantibodies against dsDNA, C1q, C3b, SSA, SSB, and Sm alone or in combination to predict LN. This study evaluated the abovementioned autoantibodies in 40 healthy controls (HCs) and 95 SLE patients with different kidney involvements, including absent (n = 40), inactive (n = 20), and active (n = 35) LN using EIA method. The frequency and odds ratio of anti-dsDNA (71.4%, OR = 4.2), anti-C1q (62.9%, OR = 5.1), and the simultaneous existence of anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA (51.4%, OR = 6) antibodies were significantly higher in the active LN group compared with both inactive and absent LN groups. Moreover, the levels of anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA antibodies positively correlated with disease activity in patients with SLE. The prevalence of these autoantibodies was associated with the severity of LN biopsies. These data suggest that anti-C1q and anti-dsDNA antibodies and also their simultaneous presence may be valuable diagnostic biomarkers for LN prediction in patients with SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Kianmehr
- Department of Rheumatology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Majid Khoshmirsafa
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mehdi Shekarabi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Reza Falak
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Immunology Research Center, Institute of Immunology and Infectious Diseases Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Anousheh Haghighi
- Department of Rheumatology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Masoodian
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farhad Seif
- Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research, Tehran, Iran
| | - Forouzan Omidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Shirani
- Department of Rheumatology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nima Dadfar
- Department of Rheumatology, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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25
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Ramesh R, Sundaresh A, Rajkumar RP, Negi VS, Vijayalakshmi MA, Krishnamoorthy R, Tamouza R, Leboyer M, Kamalanathan AS. DNA hydrolysing IgG catalytic antibodies: an emerging link between psychoses and autoimmunity. NPJ SCHIZOPHRENIA 2021; 7:13. [PMID: 33637732 PMCID: PMC7910540 DOI: 10.1038/s41537-021-00143-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
It is not uncommon to observe autoimmune comorbidities in a significant subset of patients with psychotic disorders, namely schizophrenia (SCZ) and bipolar disorder (BPD). To understand the autoimmune basis, the DNA abyzme activity mediated by serum polyclonal IgG Abs were examined in psychoses patients, quantitatively, by an in-house optimized DNase assay. A similar activity exhibited by IgG Abs from neuropsychiatric-systemic lupus erythematosus (NP-SLE) patients was used as a comparator. Our data revealed that the IgG DNase activity of SCZ was close to that of NP-SLE and it was twofold higher than the healthy controls. Interestingly, the association between DNase activity with PANSS (positive, general and total scores) and MADRS were noted in a subgroup of SCZ and BPD patients, respectively. In our study group, the levels of IL-6 and total IgG in BPD patients were higher than SCZ and healthy controls, indicating a relatively inflammatory nature in BPD, while autoimmune comorbidity was mainly observed in SCZ patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajendran Ramesh
- Centre for BioSeparation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aparna Sundaresh
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Ravi Philip Rajkumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - Vir Singh Negi
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education & Research (JIPMER), Puducherry, India
| | - M A Vijayalakshmi
- Centre for BioSeparation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Ryad Tamouza
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, DMU IMPACT, Créteil, France.,University Paris-Est-Créteil, UPEC, Creteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, IMRB, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
| | - Marion Leboyer
- Fondation FondaMental, Créteil, France.,Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Mondor University Hospital, AP-HP, DMU IMPACT, Créteil, France.,University Paris-Est-Créteil, UPEC, Creteil, France.,INSERM, U955, Mondor Institute for Biomedical Research, IMRB, Translational Psychiatry, Créteil, France
| | - A S Kamalanathan
- Centre for BioSeparation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
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26
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Ohlsson M, Hellmark T, Bengtsson AA, Theander E, Turesson C, Klint C, Wingren C, Ekstrand AI. Proteomic Data Analysis for Differential Profiling of the Autoimmune Diseases SLE, RA, SS, and ANCA-Associated Vasculitis. J Proteome Res 2020; 20:1252-1260. [PMID: 33356304 PMCID: PMC7872503 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.0c00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Early
and correct diagnosis of inflammatory rheumatic diseases
(IRD) poses a clinical challenge due to the multifaceted nature of
symptoms, which also may change over time. The aim of this study was
to perform protein expression profiling of four systemic IRDs, systemic
lupus erythematosus (SLE), ANCA-associated systemic vasculitis (SV),
rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and Sjögren’s syndrome (SS),
and healthy controls to identify candidate biomarker signatures for
differential classification. A total of 316 serum samples collected
from patients with SLE, RA, SS, or SV and from healthy controls were
analyzed using 394-plex recombinant antibody microarrays. Differential
protein expression profiling was examined using Wilcoxon signed rank
test, and condensed biomarker panels were identified using advanced
bioinformatics and state-of-the art classification algorithms to pinpoint
signatures reflecting each disease (raw data set available at https://figshare.com/s/3bd3848a28ef6e7ae9a9.). In this study, we were able to classify the included individual
IRDs with high accuracy, as demonstrated by the ROC area under the
curve (ROC AUC) values ranging between 0.96 and 0.80. In addition,
the groups of IRDs could be separated from healthy controls at an
ROC AUC value of 0.94. Disease-specific candidate biomarker signatures
and general autoimmune signature were identified, including several
deregulated analytes. This study supports the rationale of using multiplexed
affinity-based technologies to reflect the biological complexity of
autoimmune diseases. A multiplexed approach for decoding multifactorial
complex diseases, such as autoimmune diseases, will play a significant
role for future diagnostic purposes, essential to prevent severe organ-
and tissue-related damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Ohlsson
- Computational Biology & Biological Physics, Department of Astronomy and Theoretical Physics, Lund University, Sölvegatan 14A, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.,Center for Applied Intelligent Systems Research (CAISR), Halmstad University, Halmstad SE-301 18, Sweden
| | - Thomas Hellmark
- Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Nephrology, Skåne University Hospital Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-221 85, Sweden
| | - Anders A Bengtsson
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund, Lund University, Lund SE-221 00, Sweden.,Department of Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö SE-214 28, Sweden
| | - Elke Theander
- Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö SE-221 00, Sweden
| | - Carl Turesson
- Department of Rheumatology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund and Malmö SE-214 28, Sweden.,Rheumatology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Malmö, Lund University, Malmö SE-221 00, Sweden
| | | | - Christer Wingren
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden
| | - Anna Isinger Ekstrand
- Department of Immunotechnology, Lund University, Medicon Village, Scheelevägen 2, Lund SE-223 81, Sweden
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27
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Elsayed SA, Mohafez OMM. Autoantibodies spectrum in lupus nephritis in a cohort of Egyptian patients: relation to disease activity and prognostic value. EGYPTIAN RHEUMATOLOGY AND REHABILITATION 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43166-020-00039-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Specific autoantibodies are considered as an important marker in autoimmune rheumatic diseases and are of great value for the diagnosis and prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. A total of eighteen autoantibodies were analyzed for their positivity in SLE patients and we evaluated the clinical relevance of the five most frequent autoantibodies: anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, anti-histone, anti-Ro60, and anti-Ro52 on disease activity and renal affection in SLE Egyptian patients.
Results
Immunological profile and correlation of the five autoantibodies with disease activity and histopathological pattern of renal involvement were analyzed for 190 SLE patients. Lupus nephritis (LN) patients showed much worse constitutional and mucocutaneous manifestations than patients without nephritis. Autoantibody profile showed a significant increased frequency of anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, anti-histone, anti-Ro-60, and anti-Ro52 antibodies in LN patients. The impact of the co-positivity of the autoantibodies on the renal function was obvious. Moreover, the disease activity increased by the increased frequency of autoantibodies positivity in LN patients. ROC curve analysis showed that anti-nucleosome had the highest sensitivity; 93% followed by anti-dsDNA 83.3% then anti-histone 73.8%, but anti-Ro60 and anti-Ro52 showed a humble sensitivity. Furthermore, the highest frequency of positivity for the five autoantibodies was found in class-III and class-IV LN patients.
Conclusion
Detection of anti-dsDNA, anti-nucleosome, anti-histone, and anti-Ro60 in SLE patients may be important for predicting disease progression and kidney affection. Moreover, anti-nucleosome and anti-dsDNA show high sensitivity and specificity for lupus nephritis, thus patients with four to five positive autoantibody panels should be kept under close monitoring as they may warrant considering aggressive therapy to control their disease and prevent renal damage.
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28
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Spihlman AP, Gadi N, Wu SC, Moulton VR. COVID-19 and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Focus on Immune Response and Therapeutics. Front Immunol 2020; 11:589474. [PMID: 33193418 PMCID: PMC7661632 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.589474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The SARS-CoV-2 novel coronavirus has caused the COVID-19 pandemic with over 35 million cases and over a million deaths worldwide as of early October 2020. The populations most affected are the elderly and especially those with underlying comorbidities. In terms of race and ethnicity, black and hispanic populations are affected at disproportionately higher rates. Individuals with underlying conditions that cause an immune-compromised state are considered vulnerable to this infection. The immune response is an important determinant in viral infections including coronaviruses, not only in the antiviral defense but also in the disease progression, severity, and clinical outcomes of COVID-19. Systemic lupus erythematosus is a chronic autoimmune disease which also disproportionately afflicts black and hispanic populations. In lupus patients, an aberrant immune response is characterized by the presence of circulating autoantibodies, lymphopenia, aberrant T cells, and proinflammatory cytokines along with defective regulatory mechanisms, leading to immune-mediated damage to tissues. Lupus patients are often treated with immune-suppressants and therefore are immune-compromised and more susceptible to infections and may be vulnerable to coronavirus infection. While the anti-viral immune response is important to protect from coronavirus infection, an uncontrolled proinflammatory cytokine response can lead to cytokine storm which causes damage to the lungs and other organs, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Better understanding of the underlying immune response and therapeutic strategies in lupus and COVID-19 is important to guide management of this deadly infectious disease in the context of lupus and vice-versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Allison P Spihlman
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Nirupa Gadi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Samantha C Wu
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States.,Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Vaishali R Moulton
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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29
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Rekvig OP. Autoimmunity and SLE: Factual and Semantic Evidence-Based Critical Analyses of Definitions, Etiology, and Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2020; 11:569234. [PMID: 33123142 PMCID: PMC7573073 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.569234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
One cannot discuss anti-dsDNA antibodies and lupus nephritis without discussing the nature of Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). SLE is insistently described as a prototype autoimmune syndrome, with anti-dsDNA antibodies as a central biomarker and a pathogenic factor. The two entities, "SLE" and "The Anti-dsDNA Antibody," have been linked in previous and contemporary studies although serious criticism to this mutual linkage have been raised: Anti-dsDNA antibodies were first described in bacterial infections and not in SLE; later in SLE, viral and parasitic infections and in malignancies. An increasing number of studies on classification criteria for SLE have been published in the aftermath of the canonical 1982 American College of Rheumatology SLE classification sets of criteria. Considering these studies, it is surprising to observe a nearby complete absence of fundamental critical/theoretical discussions aimed to explain how and why the classification criteria are linked in context of etiology, pathogenicity, or biology. This study is an attempt to prioritize critical comments on the contemporary definition and classification of SLE and of anti-dsDNA antibodies in context of lupus nephritis. Epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, and measures of therapy efficacy are implemented as problems in the present discussion. In order to understand whether or not disparate clinical SLE phenotypes are useful to determine its basic biological processes accounting for the syndrome is problematic. A central problem is discussed on whether the clinical role of anti-dsDNA antibodies from principal reasons can be accepted as a biomarker for SLE without clarifying what we define as an anti-dsDNA antibody, and in which biologic contexts the antibodies appear. In sum, this study is an attempt to bring to the forum critical comments on the contemporary definition and classification of SLE, lupus nephritis and anti-dsDNA antibodies. Four concise hypotheses are suggested for future science at the end of this analytical study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
- Fürst Medical Laboratory, Oslo, Norway
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30
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Zhao X, Wen Q, Qiu Y, Huang F. Clinical and pathological characteristics of ANA/anti-dsDNA positive patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-associated vasculitis. Rheumatol Int 2020; 41:455-462. [PMID: 32964277 PMCID: PMC7835286 DOI: 10.1007/s00296-020-04704-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) associated vasculitis (AAV) consists of a group of systemic autoimmune diseases. The roles of serum anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-double-stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) antibodies in AAV patients remain unknown. This study investigated the prevalence of serum ANAs and anti-dsDNA antibodies in AAV patients and characterized the clinical and pathological features of these patients. A total of 218 AAV patients were enrolled. Clinical and pathological data of patients were analyzed retrospectively. Of the 218 AAV patients, 109 (50.0%) were positive for ANA, 45 (20.6%) were positive for anti-dsDNA, and 43 (19.7%) were positive for both. The AAV patients with ANA had severer kidney damage and more chronic renal histopathological changes compared to those who were negative for ANA. Specifically, patients positive for ANA had more hypertension, higher levels of urea nitrogen and serum creatinine, lower estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), more end-stage renal disease (ESRD), severer proteinuria, glomerular sclerosis, tubular interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy, and were more likely to receive renal biopsies compared to ANA negative patients. The study found ANA and anti-dsDNA in AVV patients were not rare, ANA-positive AAV patients had severer kidney damage and more chronic renal histopathological changes compared to ANA-negative AAV patients. Renal biopsy is strongly recommended for differential diagnosis in such cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Zhao
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, 58th Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China.,Department of Nephrology, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Nephrology Diseases, Shenzhen People's Hospital (The Second Clinical Medical College, Jinan University; The First Affiliated Hospital), Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518020, China
| | - Qiong Wen
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, 58th Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Yagui Qiu
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, 58th Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Fengxian Huang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Key Laboratory of Nephrology, National Health Commission and Guangdong Province, 58th Zhongshan Road II, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
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31
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Ramponi G, Folci M, Badalamenti S, Angelini C, Brunetta E. Biomarkers and Diagnostic Testing for Renal Disease in Sjogren's Syndrome. Front Immunol 2020; 11:562101. [PMID: 33042142 PMCID: PMC7527442 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.562101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is an autoimmune disorder in which lymphocytic infiltration leads to lacrimal and salivary glands dysfunction, which results in symptoms of dryness (xerophthalmia and xerostomia). Extraglandular features are common and may affect several organs. Renal involvement has long been known as one of the systemic complications of pSS. The most classical lesion observed in pSS is tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN) and less frequently membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), which is related to cryoglobulinemia. In some cases, renal biopsy is necessary for the definitive diagnosis of kidney involvement. Patients may present with proximal renal tubular acidosis, distal renal tubular acidosis and chronic kidney disease. Response to treatment is usually favorable. However, occasionally severe and rarely lethal outcomes have been described. Recently, several case series and cross-sectional studies have been published which investigated the factors associated with renal involvement in pSS and the most accurate screening tests for early detection. The presence of xerophthalmia, anti-SSA and rheumatoid factor positivity, low C3 levels and other features have all shown either positive or inverse associations with the development of renal complications. Serum creatinine, alpha-1-microglobulin, cystatin-C have been evaluated as early detection biomarkers with variable accuracy. More advanced techniques may be necessary to confirm proximal and distal renal tubular acidosis, along with nephrogenic diabetes insipidus. The aim of the current paper is to summarize and critically examine these findings in order to provide updated guidance on serum biomarkers and further testing for kidney involvement in pSS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Ramponi
- Department of Nephrology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Folci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy.,Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS, Milan, Italy
| | - Salvatore Badalamenti
- Department of Nephrology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Angelini
- Department of Nephrology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
| | - Enrico Brunetta
- Department of Nephrology, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS), Milan, Italy.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Humanitas University, Milan, Italy
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Abstract
Bartonella henselae endocarditis mimicking systemic vasculitis has been reported in patients with valvulopathy. Herein, we describe a patient with B. henselae endocarditis involving a prosthetic pulmonic valve with positive anti-dsDNA antibodies misdiagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) based on the revised classification SLE criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haim Shmuely
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Kaplan Medical Centre, Rehovot, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Gil Chernin
- Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel.,Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Kaplan Medical Centre, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Michael Giladi
- Infectious Disease Unit and the Bernard Pridan Laboratory for Molecular Biology of Infectious Diseases, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Centre and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tevl Aviv, Israel
| | - Oren Zimhony
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Kaplan Medical Centre, Rehovot, Israel.,School of Medicine, Hebrew University and Hadassah, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Edward Bari Miller
- Department of Internal Medicine D, Kaplan Medical Centre, Rehovot, Israel.,Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
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33
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Abrego-Peredo A, Romero-Ramírez H, Espinosa E, López-Herrera G, García-García F, Flores-Muñoz M, Sandoval-Montes C, Rodríguez-Alba JC. Naringenin mitigates autoimmune features in lupus-prone mice by modulation of T-cell subsets and cytokines profile. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0233138. [PMID: 32421738 PMCID: PMC7233587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0233138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Naringenin is flavonoid mainly found in citrus fruits which has shown several biological properties. In this work, we evaluated the therapeutic potential of the flavonoid Naringenin. Five-month-old B6.MRL-Faslpr/J lupus-prone mice were administered daily orally with Naringenin for seven months. We showed that Naringenin treatment at 50 or 100 mg/kg inhibited the splenomegaly and decreased the levels of anti-nuclear and anti-dsDNA autoantibodies. Furthermore, a reduction in serum concentration of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-6 was observed in the mice provided with Naringenin. Interestingly, serum levels of IL-10 increased. Naringenin decreased the frequency and absolute numbers of splenic effector memory T cells. Additionally, in order to be able to evaluate whether Naringenin prevented kidney damage, twelve-week-old MRL/MpJ-Faslpr/J mice, an accelerated lupus model, were orally administered with Naringenin at 100 mg/kg for six weeks. Surprisingly, Naringenin treatment prevented kidney damage and reduced the development of fibrosis similar to cyclophosphamide group. Moreover, Naringenin treatment increased the percentage of regulatory T cells in this aggressive model of lupus. Together, these results suggest a potential ability of Naringenin to reduce the autoimmunity in lupus-prone mice by modulation of T-cell subsets and cytokines profile that mitigate the development of important lupus clinical manifestations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amayrani Abrego-Peredo
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
| | - Héctor Romero-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del IPN, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Enrique Espinosa
- Investigación en Inmunología Integrativa, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Gabriela López-Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunodeficiencias, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Fabio García-García
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- Laboratorio de Biología del Sueño, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Mónica Flores-Muñoz
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Medicina Traslacional, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
| | - Claudia Sandoval-Montes
- Departamento de Inmunología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juan Carlos Rodríguez-Alba
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, México
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Veracruzana, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico
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34
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Mun CH, Kim JO, Ahn SS, Yoon T, Kim SJ, Ko E, Noh HD, Park YB, Jung HJ, Kim TS, Lee SW, Park SG. Atializumab, a humanized anti-aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase-interacting multifunctional protein-1 (AIMP1) antibody significantly improves nephritis in (NZB/NZW) F1 mice. Biomaterials 2019; 220:119408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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35
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Lee WF, Wu CY, Yang HY, Lee WI, Chen LC, Ou LS, Huang JL. Biomarkers associating endothelial Dysregulation in pediatric-onset systemic lupus erythematous. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2019; 17:69. [PMID: 31651352 PMCID: PMC6814049 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-019-0369-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE Endothelium is a key element in the regulation of vascular homeostasis and its alteration can lead to the development of vascular diseases. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with potential extensive vascular lesions, involving skin vessels, renal glomeruli, cardiovascular system, brain, lung alveoli, gastrointestinal tract vessels and more. We aimed to assess endothelial dysregulation related biomarkers in pediatric-onset SLE (pSLE) patient serum and elucidate its correlation with their clinical features, laboratory parameters, and the overall disease activity. METHODS Disease activities were evaluated by SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI). Patient characteristics were obtained by retrospective chart review. Six biomarkers associated with endothelial dysregulation, including Angiopoietin-1 (Ang-1), Angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2), Tie2, Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), thrombomodulin, and a disintegrin-like and metalloprotease with thrombospondin type 1 motif (ADAMTS13) were tested through enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) measurement. RESULTS This study comprised 118 pSLE patients. Data from 40 age-matched healthy controls were also obtained. The mean diagnostic age was 13 ± 4.12 years-old and 90.7% are females. Serum levels of VEGF, Tie2, thrombomodulin were significantly higher while serum ADAMTS13 was lower in active pSLE patients when compared to those with inactive diseases (all p < 0.05). In organ specific association, serum thrombomodulin level was higher in pSLE patient with renal involvement, and serum ADAMTS13 levels was negatively associated with neurological involvement (p < 0.05). A cutoff of thrombomodulin at 3333.6 pg/ml best correlated renal involvement. (AUC = 0.752, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Endothelial dysregulation associating proteins seems to be potent biomarkers for pSLE activity as well as organ involvement in pSLE patients. These biomarkers may be beneficial in understanding of the vascular pathogenesis and disease monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Fang Lee
- 0000 0004 1756 999Xgrid.454211.7Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yi Wu
- 0000 0004 1756 999Xgrid.454211.7Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,grid.145695.aChang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Huang-Yu Yang
- grid.145695.aChang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan ,0000 0004 1756 999Xgrid.454211.7Department of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Wen-I Lee
- 0000 0004 1756 999Xgrid.454211.7Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Li-Chen Chen
- 0000 0004 1756 999Xgrid.454211.7Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Shiou Ou
- 0000 0004 1756 999Xgrid.454211.7Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Jing-Long Huang
- Division of Allergy, Asthma, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital Linko branch, Taoyuan, Taiwan. .,Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
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36
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Tanacan A, Beksac MS, Orgul G, Duru S, Sener B, Karaagaoglu E. Impact of extractable nuclear antigen, anti-double stranded DNA, antiphospholipid antibody, and anticardiolipin antibody positivity on obstetrical complications and pregnancy outcomes. Hum Antibodies 2019; 27:135-141. [PMID: 30856108 DOI: 10.3233/hab-180359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extractable nuclear antigen (ENA) and anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) positivity and related diseases like systemic lupus erythematosus, Sjögren syndrome, and other autoimmune diseases are known to be associated with obstetrical complications and poor perinatal outcomes. OBJECTIVE To demonstrate the importance of ENA, anti-dsDNA, antiphospholipid (APL), and anticardiolipin (ACL) antibody positivity on pregnancy outcomes. METHODS Ninety one pregnant women with known ENA, anti-dsDNA, APL IgG and IgM, and ACL IgG and IgM antibody positivity were retrospectively compared with 91 randomly selected pregnant woman in terms of obstetrical complications and pregnancy outcomes. Beksac Obstetrics Index-pregnancy (BOIp), calculated as (number of children + (π/10))/gravidity in the current pregnancy, was used to compare the risk level between groups. RESULTS Significant differences were found in the median maternal age, gravidity, number of previous miscarriages, and BOIp between the groups (p= 0.04, p< 0.001, p< 0.001, and p< 0.001, respectively). Significant differences were also found between the study and control groups in the median gestational age at birth, birth weight, and APGAR1 score (p< 0.001 for all). Similarly, significant differences were found between groups in the rates of intra-uterine growth restriction, oligohydramnios, and gestational hypertension (p< 0.001, p= 0.05, and p= 0.05, respectively). There were 3 (3.3%) stillbirths in the study group and none in the control group (p= 0.123). CONCLUSION We evaluated the impact of anti-dsDNA, ENA, APL, and ACL antibody positivity, which may cause immunologic inflammation at placenta and thereby affect pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atakan Tanacan
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sinan Beksac
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gokcen Orgul
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Sinem Duru
- Division of Perinatology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcin Sener
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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Arneth B. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus and DNA Degradation and Elimination Defects. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1697. [PMID: 31440232 PMCID: PMC6692764 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease that is characterized by the production of autoantibodies specific for components of the cell nucleus and that causes damage to body tissues and organs. The pathogenesis of SLE remains unclear, with numerous studies pointing to a combination of genetic and environmental factors. A critical stage in SLE development is cell necrosis, in which undegraded chromatin and nucleoproteins are released into the blood, resulting in circulating cell-free DNA and serum nucleoproteins that trigger anti-dsDNA autoantibody production. This systematic literature review aimed to examine whether SLE stems from a DNA degradation and elimination defect. Materials and Methods: An advanced literature search was conducted in PubMed using the following keywords: [("SLE" OR "Systemic Lupus Erythematosus" OR "Lupus")] AND [("DNA" OR "DNA Degradation")] AND [("Defect Elimination")]. More articles were obtained from the references of the identified articles and basic Google searches. Twenty-five peer-reviewed articles published within the past 10 years (2007-2018) were included for review. Results: The findings of each study are summarized in Tables 1, 2. Discussion and Conclusion: The etiopathogenesis of SLE remains controversial, which limits therapeutic inventions for this disease. However, SLE is a DNA degradation and elimination disorder caused by uncleared histones and nuclear material that leak into the extracellular space and form cell-free DNA, triggering an immune response that destroys tissues and organs. Under normal conditions, apoptosis allows DNA and other nuclear material to be efficiently cleared through degradation and additional complex mechanisms such that this material does not trigger the immune system to produce nuclear autoantibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Borros Arneth
- Institute of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiochemistry, Molecular Diagnostics, University Hospital of Giessen and Marburg, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
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38
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Wang X, Xia Y. Anti-double Stranded DNA Antibodies: Origin, Pathogenicity, and Targeted Therapies. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1667. [PMID: 31379858 PMCID: PMC6650533 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by high-titer serological autoantibodies, including antibodies that bind to double-stranded DNA (dsDNA). The origin, specificity, and pathogenicity of anti-dsDNA antibodies have been studied from a wider perspective. These autoantibodies have been suggested to contribute to multiple end-organ injuries, especially to lupus nephritis, in patients with SLE. Moreover, serum levels of anti-DNA antibodies fluctuate with disease activity in patients with SLE. By directly binding to self-antigens or indirectly forming immune complexes, anti-dsDNA antibodies can accumulate in the glomerular and tubular basement membrane. These autoantibodies can also trigger the complement cascade, penetrate into living cells, modulate gene expression, and even induce profibrotic phenotypes of renal cells. In addition, the expression of suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 is reduced by anti-DNA antibodies simultaneously with upregulation of profibrotic genes. Anti-dsDNA antibodies may even participate in the pathogenesis of SLE by catalyzing hydrolysis of certain DNA molecules or peptides in cells. Recently, anti-dsDNA antibodies have been explored in greater depth as a therapeutic target in the management of SLE. A substantial amount of data indicates that blockade of pathogenic anti-dsDNA antibodies can prevent or even reverse organ damage in murine models of SLE. This review focuses on the recent research advances regarding the origin, specificity, classification, and pathogenicity of anti-dsDNA antibodies and highlights the emerging therapies associated with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yumin Xia
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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39
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Soni C, Reizis B. Self-DNA at the Epicenter of SLE: Immunogenic Forms, Regulation, and Effects. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1601. [PMID: 31354738 PMCID: PMC6637313 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-reactive B cells generated through V(D)J recombination in the bone marrow or through accrual of random mutations in secondary lymphoid tissues are mostly purged or edited to prevent autoimmunity. Yet, 10–20% of all mature naïve B cells in healthy individuals have self-reactive B cell receptors (BCRs). In patients with serologically active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) the percentage increases up to 50%, with significant self-DNA reactivity that correlates with disease severity. Endogenous or self-DNA has emerged as a potent antigen in several autoimmune disorders, particularly in SLE. However, the mechanism(s) regulating or preventing anti-DNA antibody production remain elusive. It is likely that in healthy subjects, DNA-reactive B cells avoid activation due to the unavailability of endogenous DNA, which is efficiently degraded through efferocytosis and various DNA-processing proteins. Genetic defects, physiological, and/or pathological conditions can override these protective checkpoints, leading to autoimmunity. Plausibly, increased availability of immunogenic self-DNA may be the key initiating event in the loss of tolerance of otherwise quiescent DNA-reactive B cells. Indeed, mutations impairing apoptotic cell clearance pathways and nucleic acid metabolism-associated genes like DNases, RNases, and their sensors are known to cause autoimmune disorders including SLE. Here we review the literature supporting the idea that increased availability of DNA as an immunogen or adjuvant, or both, may cause the production of pathogenic anti-DNA antibodies and subsequent manifestations of clinical disease such as SLE. We discuss the main cellular players involved in anti-DNA responses; the physical forms and sources of immunogenic DNA in autoimmunity; the DNA-protein complexes that render DNA immunogenic; the regulation of DNA availability by intracellular and extracellular DNases and the autoimmune pathologies associated with their dysfunction; the cytosolic and endosomal sensors of immunogenic DNA; and the cytokines such as interferons that drive auto-inflammatory and autoimmune pathways leading to clinical disease. We propose that prevention of DNA availability by aiding extracellular DNase activity could be a viable therapeutic modality in controlling SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chetna Soni
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Boris Reizis
- Department of Pathology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States.,Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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40
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Rekvig OP. The dsDNA, Anti-dsDNA Antibody, and Lupus Nephritis: What We Agree on, What Must Be Done, and What the Best Strategy Forward Could Be. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1104. [PMID: 31156647 PMCID: PMC6529578 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aims to understand what lupus nephritis is, its origin, clinical context, and its pathogenesis. Truly, we encounter many conceptual and immanent tribulations in our attempts to search for the pathogenesis of this disease—and how to explain its assumed link to SLE. Central in the present landscape stay a short history of the early studies that substantiated the structures of isolated or chromatin-assembled mammalian dsDNA, and its assumed, highly controversial role in induction of anti-dsDNA antibodies. Arguments discussed here may provoke the view that anti-dsDNA antibodies are not what we think they are, as they may be antibodies operational in quite different biological contexts, although they bind dsDNA by chance. This may not mean that these antibodies are not pathogenic but they do not inform how they are so. This theoretical study centers the content around the origin and impact of extra-cellular DNA, and if dsDNA has an effect on the adaptive immune system. The pathogenic potential of chromatin-anti-dsDNA antibody interactions is limited to incite lupus nephritis and dermatitis which may be linked in a common pathogenic process. These are major criteria in SLE classification systems but are not shared with other defined manifestations in SLE, which may mean that they are their own disease entities, and not integrated in SLE. Today, the models thought to explain lupus nephritis are divergent and inconsistent. We miss a comprehensive perspective to try the different models against each other. To do this, we need to take all elements of the syndrome SLE into account. This can only be achieved by concentrating on the interactions between autoimmunity, immunopathology, deviant cell death and necrotic chromatin in context of elements of system science. System science provides a framework where data generated by experts can be compared, and tested against each other. This approach open for consensus on central elements making up “lupus nephritis” to separate what we agree on and how to understand the basis for conflicting models. This has not been done yet in a systematic context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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41
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Restrepo-Escobar M, Granda-Carvajal PA, Jaimes F. Development and Internal Validation of a Prediction Model to Estimate the Probability of Needing Aggressive Immunosuppressive Therapy With Cytostatics in de Novo Lupus Nephritis Patients. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019; 15:27-33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reuma.2017.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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42
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Yang J, Sun L, Guo R, Yang H, Feng X, Zhang X. A Facile Route for Oriented Covalent Immobilization of Recombinant Protein A on Epoxy Agarose Gels: In Situ Generation of Heterofunctional Amino-Epoxy Supports. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiamei Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650500 China
| | - Lifen Sun
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650500 China
| | - Renling Guo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650500 China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650500 China
| | - Xiyun Feng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650500 China
| | - Xufeng Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Yunnan Normal University; Kunming 650500 China
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43
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Mummert E, Fritzler MJ, Sjöwall C, Bentow C, Mahler M. The clinical utility of anti-double-stranded DNA antibodies and the challenges of their determination. J Immunol Methods 2018; 459:11-19. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2018.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/22/2018] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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Caneparo V, Landolfo S, Gariglio M, De Andrea M. The Absent in Melanoma 2-Like Receptor IFN-Inducible Protein 16 as an Inflammasome Regulator in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: The Dark Side of Sensing Microbes. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1180. [PMID: 29892303 PMCID: PMC5985366 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2)-like receptors (ALRs) are a newly characterized class of pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) involved in cytosolic and nuclear pathogen DNA recognition. In recent years, two ALR family members, the interferon (IFN)-inducible protein 16 (IFI16) and AIM2, have been linked to the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases, among which systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has recently gained increasing attention. SLE patients are indeed often characterized by constitutively high serum IFN levels and increased expression of IFN-stimulated genes due to an abnormal response to pathogens and/or incorrect self-DNA recognition process. Consistently, we and others have shown that IFI16 is overexpressed in a wide range of autoimmune diseases where it triggers production of specific autoantibodies. In addition, evidence from mouse models supports a model whereby ALRs are required for IFN-mediated host response to both exogenous and endogenous DNA. Following interaction with cytoplasmic or nuclear nucleic acids, ALRs can form a functional inflammasome through association with the adaptor ASC [apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a caspase recruitment domain (CARD)] and with procaspase-1. Importantly, inflammasome-mediated upregulation of IL-1β and IL-18 production positively correlates with SLE disease severity. Therefore, targeting ALR sensors and their downstream pathways represents a promising alternative therapeutic approach for SLE and other systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Caneparo
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy.,Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Santo Landolfo
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy
| | - Marisa Gariglio
- Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
| | - Marco De Andrea
- Viral Pathogenesis Unit, Department of Public Health and Pediatric Sciences, Turin Medical School, Turin, Italy.,Virology Unit, Interdisciplinary Research Center of Autoimmune Diseases (IRCAD), Department of Translational Medicine, Novara Medical School, Novara, Italy.,Intrinsic Immunity Unit, CAAD - Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy
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Domínguez-Pantoja M, López-Herrera G, Romero-Ramírez H, Santos-Argumedo L, Chávez-Rueda AK, Hernández-Cueto Á, Flores-Muñoz M, Rodríguez-Alba JC. CD38 protein deficiency induces autoimmune characteristics and its activation enhances IL-10 production by regulatory B cells. Scand J Immunol 2018; 87:e12664. [DOI: 10.1111/sji.12664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Domínguez-Pantoja
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud; Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud; Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz México
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo; Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud; Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz México
| | - G. López-Herrera
- Unidad de Investigación en Inmunodeficiencias; Instituto Nacional de Pediatría; Ciudad de México México
| | - H. Romero-Ramírez
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular; CINVESTAV-IPN; Ciudad de México México
| | - L. Santos-Argumedo
- Departamento de Biomedicina Molecular; CINVESTAV-IPN; Ciudad de México México
| | - A. K. Chávez-Rueda
- IM en Inmunología; Hospital de Pediatría; CMN Siglo XXI, IMSS; Ciudad de México México
| | - Á. Hernández-Cueto
- Laboratorio Central de Epidemiología; CMN La Raza; IMSS; Ciudad de México México
| | - M. Flores-Muñoz
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud; Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud; Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz México
- Unidad Quirúrgica Animal, Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud; Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz México
| | - J. C. Rodríguez-Alba
- Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias de la Salud; Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud; Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz México
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo; Instituto de Ciencias de la Salud; Universidad Veracruzana; Xalapa Veracruz México
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Fathollahi A, Gabalou NB, Aslani S. Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation in systemic lupus erythematous, a mesenchymal stem cell disorder. Lupus 2018; 27:1053-1064. [PMID: 29631514 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318768889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune and inflammatory disorder with involvement of several organs and systems such as the kidney, lung, brain and the hematopoietic system. As the most prevailing organ manifestation, lupus nephritis is the major cause of mortality and morbidity in SLE patients. The most classically and widely administered immunosuppressive medications, namely corticosteroids and cyclophosphamide, have eventuated in a remarkable amelioration in disease complications over the last few years and reduced the progression to end-stage multiorgan failure. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as non-hematopoietic and multipotential progenitor cells, which are able to differentiate into multiple cell lineages such as chondrocytes, osteoblasts, myoblasts, endothelial cells, adipocytes, neuron-like cells, hepatocytes and cardiomyocytes. MSCs from SLE patients have demonstrated defects such as aberrant cytokine production. Moreover, impaired phenotype, growth and immunomodulatory functions of MSCs from patients with SLE in comparison to healthy controls have been reported. Therefore, it is hypothesized that SLE is potentially an MSC-mediated disease and, as a result, allogeneic rather than autologous MSC transplantation can be argued to be a potentially advantageous therapy for patients with SLE. On the other hand, the MSC senescence phenomenon may meet the current therapeutic approaches with challenges and demand more attention. Here, we discuss MSC transplantations to date in animal models and humans and focus on the MSC senescence complications in SLE patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fathollahi
- 1 Department of Medical Immunology, School of Medicine, 48486 Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
| | - N B Gabalou
- 2 Department of Genetics, 441802 Islamic Azad University, Ahar Branch , Ahar, Iran
| | - S Aslani
- 3 Department of Immunology and Biology, School of Medicine, 48439 Tehran University of Medical Sciences , Tehran, Iran
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Rekvig OP. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Definitions, Contexts, Conflicts, Enigmas. Front Immunol 2018; 9:387. [PMID: 29545801 PMCID: PMC5839091 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2017] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an inadequately defined syndrome. Etiology and pathogenesis remain largely unknown. SLE is on the other hand a seminal syndrome that has challenged immunologists, biologists, genetics, and clinicians to solve its nature. The syndrome is characterized by multiple, etiologically unlinked manifestations. Unexpectedly, they seem to occur in different stochastically linked clusters, although single gene defects may promote a smaller spectrum of symptoms/criteria typical for SLE. There is no known inner coherence of parameters (criteria) making up the disease. These parameters are, nevertheless, implemented in The American College of Rheumatology (ACR) and The Systemic Lupus Collaborating Clinics (SLICC) criteria to classify SLE. Still, SLE is an abstraction since the ACR or SLICC criteria allow us to define hundreds of different clinical SLE phenotypes. This is a major point of the present discussion and uses "The anti-dsDNA antibody" as an example related to the problematic search for biomarkers for SLE. The following discussion will show how problematic this is: the disease is defined through non-coherent classification criteria, its complexity is recognized and accepted, its pathogenesis is plural and poorly understood. Therapy is focused on dominant symptoms or organ manifestations, and not on the syndrome itself. From basic scientific evidences, we can add substantial amount of data that are not sufficiently considered in clinical medicine, which may change the paradigms linked to what "The Anti-DNA antibody" is-and is not-in context of the imperfectly defined syndrome SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ole Petter Rekvig
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway
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48
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Burbano C, Villar-Vesga J, Orejuela J, Muñoz C, Vanegas A, Vásquez G, Rojas M, Castaño D. Potential Involvement of Platelet-Derived Microparticles and Microparticles Forming Immune Complexes during Monocyte Activation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2018; 9:322. [PMID: 29545790 PMCID: PMC5837989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles (MPs) are vesicles derived from the plasma membrane of different cells, are considered a source of circulating autoantigens, and can form immune complexes (MPs-ICs). The number of MPs and MPs-ICs increases in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). MPs activate myeloid cells by inducing IL-6 and TNF-α in both SLE and other diseases. Therefore, we propose that the recognition of MPs-ICs by monocytes rather that MPs may define their phenotype and contribute to the inflammatory process in patients with SLE. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the association among circulating MPs-ICs from different cell sources, alterations observed in monocyte subsets, and disease activity in patients with SLE and to establish whether monocytes bind and respond to MPs-ICs in vitro. Circulating MPs and monocyte subsets were characterized in 60 patients with SLE and 60 healthy controls (HCs) using multiparametric flow cytometry. Patients had higher MP counts and frequencies of MPs-CD41a + (platelet-derived) compared with HCs, regardless of disease activity. MPs from patients with SLE were C1q + and formed ICs with IgM and IgG. MPs-IgG + were positively correlated with active SLE (aSLE), whereas MPs-IgM + were negatively correlated. Most of the circulating total ICs-IgG + were located on MPs. The proportion and number of non-classical monocytes were significantly decreased in patients with SLE compared with HCs and in patients with aSLE compared with patients with the inactive disease. Non-classical monocytes obtained from patients with SLE exhibited increased levels of CD64 associated with MPs-IgG +, MPs-C1q +, total circulating ICs-IgG +, and disease activity. The direct effects of MPs and MPs-IgG + on monocytes were evaluated in cell culture. Monocytes from both HCs and patients bound to and internalized MPs and MPs-IgG + independent of CD64. These vesicles derived from platelets (PMPs), mainly PMPs-IgG +, activated monocytes in vitro and increased the expression of CD69, CD64, and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-α. Therefore, MPs are one of the most representative sources of the total amount of circulating ICs-IgG + in patients with SLE. MPs-IgG + are associated with SLE activity, and PMPs-IgG + stimulate monocytes, changing their phenotype and promoting pro-inflammatory responses related to disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Burbano
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Villar-Vesga
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Janine Orejuela
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Muñoz
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
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49
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Gheita TA, Abaza NM, Hammam N, Mohamed AAA, El-Gazzar II, Eissa AH. Anti-dsDNA titre in female systemic lupus erythematosus patients: relation to disease manifestations, damage and antiphospholipid antibodies. Lupus 2018; 27:1081-1087. [PMID: 29460701 DOI: 10.1177/0961203318760209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Background Attempts are ongoing to unveil unresolved queries about anti-double-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (anti-dsDNA), their precise pathogenic effects and to what extent blocking them would be a useful therapeutic goal. Objectives The aim of the present study was to determine the anti-dsDNA antibodies titre in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients and investigate their relation to the disease characteristics, activity, damage and antiphospholipid autoantibodies (aPL). Methods Seventy female SLE patients and 35 age- and sex-matched controls were included. The anti-dsDNA level and aPL were measured. Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) and Systemic Lupus International Collaborative Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index (SLICC/ACR-DI) were assessed. Results The mean age of the patients was 27.5 ± 5.1 years, disease duration 7.7 ± 5.4 years, and SLEDAI and SLICC/ACR-DI scores were 6.8 ± 8.04 and 1.2 ± 1.3, respectively. Anti-dsDNA was positive in 61.4% of the patients and the titre (133.2 ± 100.5 IU/ml) was significantly higher compared to controls (22.03 ± 17.2 IU/ml) ( p < 0.0001). The anti-dsDNA level was significantly increased in those with musculoskeletal manifestations ( p = 0.007) and positive anti-β2 glycoprotein (anti-β2GP) ( p = 0.037) and decreased in those with neuropsychiatric manifestations ( p = 0.004) and those receiving cyclophosphamide (CYC) ( p = 0.013). The anti-dsDNA level tended to be higher in active patients. The anti-dsDNA titre significantly correlated with the erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( p = 0.001), anticardiolipin IgG and IgA antibodies ( p = 0.008) and anti-β2GP IgG ( p = 0.03) and IgA ( p = 0.002) and inversely with the total leucocytic count ( p < 0.0001) and SLICC/ACR-DI ( p = 0.001). Conclusion Anti-dsDNA is remarkably increased in SLE patients especially those with musculoskeletal manifestations and aPL. A protective role seems likely in those with neuropsychiatric manifestations and those receiving CYC and may form a shield against disease tissue damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Gheita
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N M Abaza
- 2 Physical Medicine, Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - N Hammam
- 3 Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assiut, Egypt.,4 Faculty of Rehabilitation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - A A A Mohamed
- 3 Rheumatology and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - I I El-Gazzar
- 1 Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A H Eissa
- 5 Clinical Pathology (Immunology) Department, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
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50
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Satooka H, Nagakubo D, Sato T, Hirata T. The ERM Protein Moesin Regulates CD8 + Regulatory T Cell Homeostasis and Self-Tolerance. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2017; 199:3418-3426. [PMID: 28978692 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1700074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 09/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The ezrin-radixin-moesin (ERM) proteins are a family of membrane-associated proteins that link membrane proteins with actin filaments in the cell cortex and regulate many cellular processes, including cell shape determination, membrane transport, and signal transduction. Lymphocytes predominantly express two ERM members, ezrin and moesin. Mutations in the moesin gene in humans are associated with primary immunodeficiency with profound lymphopenia, and moesin-deficient mice exhibit a similar lymphopenia phenotype. In this study, we show that aging moesin-deficient mice develop a systemic lupus erythematosus-like autoimmune phenotype, which is characterized by elevated serum autoantibody levels and glomerulonephritis. Younger moesin-deficient mice exhibited elevated basal levels of several Ig isotypes and enhanced Ab affinity maturation upon immunization. Germinal center B cells and follicular helper T cells spontaneously accumulated in unimmunized mice, and CD8+CD44+CD122+Ly49+ regulatory T (CD8+ Tregs) cells, which inhibit the expansion of follicular helper T cells, were severely reduced in these mice. Isolated CD8+ Treg cells from moesin-deficient mice showed impaired proliferation in response to IL-15, which was accompanied by defects in STAT5 activation and IL-15Rα internalization, suggesting that moesin plays a key role in IL-15-mediated signaling. These findings underscore the importance of moesin in IL-15-dependent CD8+ Treg cell homeostasis and, thus, the control of self-tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Satooka
- Department of Fundamental Biosciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan; and
| | - Daisuke Nagakubo
- Department of Fundamental Biosciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan; and
| | - Tomomi Sato
- Department of Fundamental Biosciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan; and.,Department of Pediatrics, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan
| | - Takako Hirata
- Department of Fundamental Biosciences, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga 520-2192, Japan; and
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