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Álvarez K, Palacio J, Agudelo NA, Anacona CA, Castaño D, Vásquez G, Rojas M. B cell-targeted polylactic acid nanoparticles as platform for encapsulating jakinibs: potential therapeutic strategy for systemic lupus erythematosus. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2023; 18:2001-2019. [PMID: 38084660 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: B cells are pivotal in systemic lupus erythematosus and autoimmune disease pathogenesis. Materials & methods: To address this, Nile Red-labeled polylactic acid nanoparticles (NR-PLA NPs) loaded with the JAK inhibitor baricitinib (BARI), specifically targeting JAK1 and JAK2 in B cells, were developed. Results: Physicochemical characterization confirmed NP stability over 30 days. NR-PLA NPs were selectively bound and internalized by CD19+ B cells, sparing other leukocytes. In contrast to NR-PLA NPs, BARI-NR-PLA NPs significantly dampened B-cell activation, proliferation and plasma cell differentiation in healthy controls. They also inhibited key cytokine production. These effects often surpassed those of equimolar-free BARI. Conclusion: This study underscores the potential of PLA NPs to regulate autoreactive B cells, offering a novel therapeutic avenue for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Álvarez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juliana Palacio
- Grupo De Investigación Ciencia de Los Materiales, Instituto de Química, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 310; Medellín, Colombia
- Escuela de Química, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, Carrera 65A No. 59A-110, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Natalia A Agudelo
- Grupo de Investigación e Innovación en Formulaciones Químicas, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias Básicas, Universidad EIA, Envigado, Colombia
| | - Cristian A Anacona
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 70 No. 52-21 & Calle 62 No. 52-59, Torre 1, Lab. 510; Medellín, Colombia
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia, Calle 62 No. 52-59, Medellín, 050010, Colombia
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2
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Lederer K, Bettini E, Parvathaneni K, Painter MM, Agarwal D, Lundgreen KA, Weirick M, Muralidharan K, Castaño D, Goel RR, Xu X, Drapeau EM, Gouma S, Ort JT, Awofolaju M, Greenplate AR, Le Coz C, Romberg N, Trofe-Clark J, Malat G, Jones L, Rosen M, Weiskopf D, Sette A, Besharatian B, Kaminiski M, Hensley SE, Bates P, Wherry EJ, Naji A, Bhoj V, Locci M. Germinal center responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Cell 2022; 185:1008-1024.e15. [PMID: 35202565 PMCID: PMC8808747 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Vaccine-mediated immunity often relies on the generation of protective antibodies and memory B cells, which commonly stem from germinal center (GC) reactions. An in-depth comparison of the GC responses elicited by SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in healthy and immunocompromised individuals has not yet been performed due to the challenge of directly probing human lymph nodes. Herein, through a fine-needle aspiration-based approach, we profiled the immune responses to SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines in lymph nodes of healthy individuals and kidney transplant recipients (KTXs). We found that, unlike healthy subjects, KTXs presented deeply blunted SARS-CoV-2-specific GC B cell responses coupled with severely hindered T follicular helper cell, SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain-specific memory B cell, and neutralizing antibody responses. KTXs also displayed reduced SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 and CD8 T cell frequencies. Broadly, these data indicate impaired GC-derived immunity in immunocompromised individuals and suggest a GC origin for certain humoral and memory B cell responses following mRNA vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katlyn Lederer
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Emily Bettini
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kalpana Parvathaneni
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark M Painter
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
| | - Divyansh Agarwal
- Department of Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kendall A Lundgreen
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Madison Weirick
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kavitha Muralidharan
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Antioquia 050010, Colombia
| | - Rishi R Goel
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
| | - Xiaoming Xu
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth M Drapeau
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Sigrid Gouma
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jordan T Ort
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Moses Awofolaju
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Allison R Greenplate
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
| | - Carole Le Coz
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Neil Romberg
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Division of Immunology and Allergy, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jennifer Trofe-Clark
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Gregory Malat
- Department of Medicine, Renal Electrolyte and Hypertension Division, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Lisa Jones
- Department of Radiology, Division of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark Rosen
- Department of Radiology, Division of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Daniela Weiskopf
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
| | - Alessandro Sette
- Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego (UCSD), La Jolla, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Behdad Besharatian
- Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mary Kaminiski
- Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Scott E Hensley
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul Bates
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - E John Wherry
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ali Naji
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Vijay Bhoj
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, PA 19104, USA; Center for Cellular Immunotherapies, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
| | - Michela Locci
- Institute for Immunology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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3
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Castaño D, Navarro MC, Herrero H. Cyclonic and anticyclonic rotation in a cylinder cooled inhomogeneously on the top. Chaos 2021; 31:093108. [PMID: 34598456 DOI: 10.1063/5.0061312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we study the development of vortical structures generated in a rotating cylinder non-homogeneously cooled on the top. In the axisymmetric regime, for moderate vertical temperature differences and any rotation rate, cyclonic and anticyclonic rotations coexist in the flow: a counterclockwise motion at upper levels, giving place to a vertical top-down vortex, and a clockwise rotation at lower levels that generates a spin up motion. For lower rotation rates and high enough vertical temperature differences, only cyclonic top-down vortices survive and get stronger. We perform a force balance analysis to explain the phenomena. In the non-axisymmetric regime, no anticyclonic rotation at the bottom is reported and the cyclonic top-down vortex either disappears or splits up in two top-down vortices, depending on the ambient rotation rate. The intensity of the cooling on the top and how localized this cool region is affect the flow developed. When the horizontal temperature difference on the top is larger than the vertical temperature difference between top and bottom, stable axisymmetric top-down vortices with an inner updraft of warmer air are reported. The more localized the cooling above, the more difficult the development of the inner updraft becomes. Results may contribute to the understanding of the relevance of thermal processes in tornadogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castaño
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Escuela de Ingeniería Industrial y Aeroespacial-IMACI, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain
| | - M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IMACI, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - H Herrero
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas-IMACI, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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4
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Rincón-Arévalo H, Rojas M, Vanegas-García A, Muñoz-Vahos C, Orejuela-Erazo J, Vásquez G, Castaño D. Atypical phenotype and response of B cells in patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Exp Immunol 2021; 204:221-238. [PMID: 33459349 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) may be classified as seropositive or seronegative according to the presence of autoantibodies. An abnormal B cell phenotype and function could be one of the main components of the immunopathology of seropositive patients; however, there is little information regarding B cell defects in these patients. This study shows a broad characterization of the B cell phenotype and function in patients with seropositive RA. We focused mainly on the evaluation of subsets, the expression of modulatory molecules of cell activation (CD22, FcɣRIIb and FcµR), calcium mobilization, global tyrosine phosphorylation, expression of activation markers, cytokine and immunoglobulin (Ig) production, proliferation and the in-vitro generation of plasma cells. Increased frequency of CD27- IgM- IgD- and CD21- B cells was observed in patients with seropositive RA compared with healthy donors (HD). Decreased expression of CD22 was primarily found in memory B cells of patients with RA regardless of seropositivity. B cells from seropositive patients exhibited normal proliferation, calcium mobilization kinetics and global tyrosine phosphorylation, but showed an increased frequency of CD86+ B cells compared with HD. B cells of seropositive patients secrete less interleukin-10 after in-vitro activation and showed a decreased frequency of plasma cell differentiation and IgM production compared with HD. Our data indicate that patients with seropositive RA have an increased frequency of atypical B cell populations previously associated with chronic activation and antigen exposure. This may result in the observed low responsiveness of these cells in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Rincón-Arévalo
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - M Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría, Facultad de Medicina, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - A Vanegas-García
- Unidad Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - C Muñoz-Vahos
- Unidad Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - J Orejuela-Erazo
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - G Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - D Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
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5
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Álvarez K, Villar-Vesga J, Ortiz-Reyes B, Vanegas-García A, Castaño D, Rojas M, Vásquez G. Induction of NF-κB inflammatory pathway in monocytes by microparticles from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Heliyon 2020; 6:e05815. [PMID: 33409392 PMCID: PMC7773880 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e05815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elevated levels of circulating microparticles (MPs) and molecules of the complement system have been reported in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Moreover, microparticles isolated from patients with SLE (SLE-MPs) contain higher levels of damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) than MPs from healthy controls (CMPs). We hypothesize that the uptake of MPs by monocytes could contribute to the chronic inflammatory processes observed in patients with SLE. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the expression of activation markers, production of proinflammatory mediators, and activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway in monocytes treated with CMPs and SLE-MPs. Methodology Monocytes isolated from healthy individuals were pretreated or not with pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) and cultured with CMPs and SLE-MPs. The cell surface expression of CD69 and HLA-DR were evaluated by flow cytometry; cytokine and eicosanoid levels were quantified in culture supernatants by Cytokine Bead Array and ELISA, respectively; and the NF-κB activation was evaluated by Western blot and epifluorescence microscopy. Results The cell surface expression of HLA-DR and CD69, and the supernatant levels of IL-6, IL-1β, PGE2, and LTB4 were higher in cultures of monocytes treated with SLE-MPs than CMPs. These responses were blocked in the presence of PDTC, a pharmacological inhibitor of the NF-κB pathway, with concomitant reduction of IκBα and cytoplasmic p65, and increased nuclear translocation of p65. Conclusions The present findings indicate that significant uptake of SLE-MPs by monocytes results in activation, production of inflammatory mediators, and triggering of the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Álvarez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Villar-Vesga
- Grupo de Neurociencias de Antioquia, Área de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Facultad de Medicina. Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Calle 70 No.52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Blanca Ortiz-Reyes
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas-García
- Grupo de Reumatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia.,Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Calle 64 No.51D-154, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética (GICIG), Sede de Investigación Universitaria (SIU), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia.,Grupo de Reumatología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia (UDEA), Carrera 53 No.61-30, Medellín, Colombia
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6
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Lederer K, Castaño D, Gómez Atria D, Oguin TH, Wang S, Manzoni TB, Muramatsu H, Hogan MJ, Amanat F, Cherubin P, Lundgreen KA, Tam YK, Fan SHY, Eisenlohr LC, Maillard I, Weissman D, Bates P, Krammer F, Sempowski GD, Pardi N, Locci M. SARS-CoV-2 mRNA Vaccines Foster Potent Antigen-Specific Germinal Center Responses Associated with Neutralizing Antibody Generation. Immunity 2020; 53:1281-1295.e5. [PMID: 33296685 PMCID: PMC7680029 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.11.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 235] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The deployment of effective vaccines against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is critical to eradicate the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Many licensed vaccines confer protection by inducing long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) and memory B cells (MBCs), cell types canonically generated during germinal center (GC) reactions. Here, we directly compared two vaccine platforms-mRNA vaccines and a recombinant protein formulated with an MF59-like adjuvant-looking for their abilities to quantitatively and qualitatively shape SARS-CoV-2-specific primary GC responses over time. We demonstrated that a single immunization with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA, but not with the recombinant protein vaccine, elicited potent SARS-CoV-2-specific GC B and T follicular helper (Tfh) cell responses as well as LLPCs and MBCs. Importantly, GC responses strongly correlated with neutralizing antibody production. mRNA vaccines more efficiently induced key regulators of the Tfh cell program and influenced the functional properties of Tfh cells. Overall, this study identifies SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines as strong candidates for promoting robust GC-derived immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katlyn Lederer
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Research on Coronavirus and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Diana Castaño
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Research on Coronavirus and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín 050010, Colombia
| | - Daniela Gómez Atria
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Thomas H Oguin
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Sidney Wang
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Research on Coronavirus and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Tomaz B Manzoni
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Research on Coronavirus and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michael J Hogan
- Division of Protective Immunity, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Patrick Cherubin
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Research on Coronavirus and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Kendall A Lundgreen
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Research on Coronavirus and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada
| | | | - Laurence C Eisenlohr
- Division of Protective Immunity, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA; The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Ivan Maillard
- Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, Abramson Family Cancer Research Institute, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Paul Bates
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Research on Coronavirus and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Michela Locci
- Department of Microbiology, Center for Research on Coronavirus and Other Emerging Pathogens, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
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7
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Villar-Vesga J, Henao-Restrepo J, Voshart DC, Aguillon D, Villegas A, Castaño D, Arias-Londoño JD, Zuhorn IS, Ribovski L, Barazzuol L, Cardona-Gómez GP, Posada-Duque R. Differential Profile of Systemic Extracellular Vesicles From Sporadic and Familial Alzheimer's Disease Leads to Neuroglial and Endothelial Cell Degeneration. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:587989. [PMID: 33281599 PMCID: PMC7705379 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.587989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that extracellular vesicles (EVs) act as mediators and biomarkers of neurodegenerative diseases. Two distinct forms of Alzheimer disease (AD) are known: a late-onset sporadic form (SAD) and an early-onset familial form (FAD). Recently, neurovascular dysfunction and altered systemic immunological components have been linked to AD neurodegeneration. Therefore, we characterized systemic-EVs from postmortem SAD and FAD patients and evaluated their effects on neuroglial and endothelial cells. We found increase CLN-5 spots with vesicular morphology in the abluminal portion of vessels from SAD patients. Both forms of AD were associated with larger and more numerous systemic EVs. Specifically, SAD patients showed an increase in endothelial- and leukocyte-derived EVs containing mitochondria; in contrast, FAD patients showed an increase in platelet-derived EVs. We detected a differential protein composition for SAD- and FAD-EVs associated with the coagulation cascade, inflammation, and lipid-carbohydrate metabolism. Using mono- and cocultures (endothelium-astrocytes-neurons) and human cortical organoids, we showed that AD-EVs induced cytotoxicity. Both forms of AD featured decreased neuronal branches area and astrocytic hyperreactivity, but SAD-EVs led to greater endothelial detrimental effects than FAD-EVs. In addition, FAD- and SAD-EVs affected calcium dynamics in a cortical organoid model. Our findings indicate that the phenotype of systemic AD-EVs is differentially defined by the etiopathology of the disease (SAD or FAD), which results in a differential alteration of the NVU cells implied in neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Villar-Vesga
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Julián Henao-Restrepo
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Daniëlle C Voshart
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Section of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - David Aguillon
- Neurobank, Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Andrés Villegas
- Neurobank, Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | | | - Inge S Zuhorn
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Laís Ribovski
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Lara Barazzuol
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.,Section of Molecular Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Gloria P Cardona-Gómez
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Rafael Posada-Duque
- Neuroscience Group of Antioquia, Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology Area, Faculty of Medicine, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.,Institute of Biology, Faculty of Exact and Natural Sciences, University of Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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8
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Laczkó D, Hogan MJ, Toulmin SA, Hicks P, Lederer K, Gaudette BT, Castaño D, Amanat F, Muramatsu H, Oguin TH, Ojha A, Zhang L, Mu Z, Parks R, Manzoni TB, Roper B, Strohmeier S, Tombácz I, Arwood L, Nachbagauer R, Karikó K, Greenhouse J, Pessaint L, Porto M, Putman-Taylor T, Strasbaugh A, Campbell TA, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Sempowski GD, Farzan M, Choe H, Saunders KO, Haynes BF, Andersen H, Eisenlohr LC, Weissman D, Krammer F, Bates P, Allman D, Locci M, Pardi N. A Single Immunization with Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines Elicits Strong Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses against SARS-CoV-2 in Mice. Immunity 2020; 53:724-732.e7. [PMID: 32783919 PMCID: PMC7392193 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection has emerged as a serious global pandemic. Because of the high transmissibility of the virus and the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19, developing effective and safe vaccines is a top research priority. Here, we provide a detailed evaluation of the immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated, nucleoside-modified mRNA (mRNA-LNP) vaccines encoding the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein or the spike receptor binding domain in mice. We demonstrate that a single dose of these vaccines induces strong type 1 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, as well as long-lived plasma and memory B cell responses. Additionally, we detect robust and sustained neutralizing antibody responses and the antibodies elicited by nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines do not show antibody-dependent enhancement of infection in vitro. Our findings suggest that the nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccine platform can induce robust immune responses and is a promising candidate to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Laczkó
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Hogan
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sushila A Toulmin
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip Hicks
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katlyn Lederer
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian T Gaudette
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Diana Castaño
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas H Oguin
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amrita Ojha
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Lizhou Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Zekun Mu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tomaz B Manzoni
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brianne Roper
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shirin Strohmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - István Tombácz
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leslee Arwood
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Raffael Nachbagauer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katalin Karikó
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Hyeryun Choe
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Laurence C Eisenlohr
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Bates
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Allman
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michela Locci
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Sarmiento K, Torres I, Ríos C, Salazar J, Diez H, Baracaldo A, Zambrano J, Ramirez G, Hernández D, Pérez L, Castaño D. Comparison of the efficacy of two monovalent experimental antivenoms for Bothrops asper from Colombia. Toxicon 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2019.12.149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Burbano C, Villar-Vesga J, Vásquez G, Muñoz-Vahos C, Rojas M, Castaño D. Proinflammatory Differentiation of Macrophages Through Microparticles That Form Immune Complexes Leads to T- and B-Cell Activation in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases. Front Immunol 2019; 10:2058. [PMID: 31555283 PMCID: PMC6724570 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.02058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) demonstrate increased circulating microparticles (MP). These vesicles, primarily those that form immune complexes (MP-IC), may activate monocytes. We evaluated the effect of MP and MP-IC in the differentiation of monocytes to macrophages (monocyte-derived macrophages; MDM) and for consequences in autologous lymphocyte activation. Monocytes from healthy controls (HC) and patients with RA and SLE that differentiated into MDM in the presence of MP-IC showed a proinflammatory (M1-like) profile, which was more evident using MP-IC from patients with RA than those from patients with SLE. Notably, MDM from HC and patients with RA that differentiated with MP-IC were more prone to M1-like profile than those from patients with SLE. In HC and patients with RA, monocyte differentiation using MP-IC decreased the frequency of MDM that bound/internalized latex beads. The M1-like profile did not completely revert following IL-4 treatment. The effect of M1-like MDM on T lymphocytes stimulated with phytohemagglutinin was further evaluated. MDM differentiated with MP enhanced the proliferation of T cells obtained from patients with RA compared with those differentiated with MP-IC or without vesicles. Neither MP nor MP-IC induced interferon (IFN)-γ+ and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α+ T cells in patients with RA. Conversely, unlike MDM differentiated with or without MP, MP-IC enhanced the proliferation and increased the frequencies of IFN-γ+CD4+ T, TNF-α+CD4+ T, and IFN-γ+CD8+ T cells in patients with SLE. The co-culture of B cells with MDM obtained from patients with RA and SLE and differentiated with MP-IC increased the expression of B-cell activation markers and prevented B lymphocyte death. Strikingly, only for patients with SLE, these responses seemed to be associated with a significant increase in B-cell activating factor levels, high plasmablast frequency and immunoglobulin production. These results showed that MP-IC from patients with systemic autoimmune diseases favored the polarization of MDM into a proinflammatory profile that promotes T-cell activation, and additionally induced B-cell activation and survival. Therefore, the effect of MP-IC in mononuclear phagocytes may be an important factor for modulating adaptive responses in systemic autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Burbano
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Juan Villar-Vesga
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Carlos Muñoz-Vahos
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellin, Colombia
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11
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Navarro MC, Castaño D, Herrero H. Generation of a magnetic field by a double vortex in a rotating cylinder. Phys Rev E 2019; 99:033109. [PMID: 30999500 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.99.033109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
In this paper we use simulations of the magnetohydrodynamic equations coupled with heat to show the generation of magnetic field by the dynamical interaction of a pair of vortices in a fluid electrically conducting within a cylindrical domain nonhomogeneously heated from below, setting in a rotation frame. For large enough rotation rates we show that the formation of a pair of vortices inside the primary whirl gives rise to a magnetic field. The magnetic field has a strong horizontal component, and the magnetic lines go from one vortex to the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - D Castaño
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - H Herrero
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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12
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Burbano C, Gómez-Puerta JA, Muñoz-Vahos C, Vanegas-García A, Rojas M, Vásquez G, Castaño D. HMGB1 + microparticles present in urine are hallmarks of nephritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Eur J Immunol 2019; 49:323-335. [PMID: 30537116 DOI: 10.1002/eji.201847747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Non-classical monocytes infiltrate the kidney parenchyma and participate in tissue damage in patients with lupus nephritis (LN). Circulating microparticles (MPs) seem to play critical roles in the activation of monocytes in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. This study aims to characterize the phenotypes of MPs and monocyte subsets in LN patients and to determine their potential to discriminate between SLE patients with and without LN. Blood and urine samples from SLE patients were collected. In monocyte subsets from whole blood samples several phenotypic markers were evaluated. MPs were isolated from platelet-poor plasma and urine by centrifugation. This phenotypic marker characterization was performed using multiparametric flow cytometry. We observed that patients with active LN have lower counts of non-classical monocytes than do those without renal involvement. All monocyte subsets exhibited lower expression of CX3CR1 and ICAM-1 in LN than in patients without LN. High frequencies of MP-HMGB1+ and MP-HLA-DR+ were detected in circulation and urine of LN patients. Although MP-HMGB1+ , MP-HLA-DR+ , and MP-CX3CR1+ from urine were able to discriminate between patients with and without LN, only urinary MP-HMGB1+ were different between patients with active and inactive LN. Therefore, these vesicles may be useful as biomarkers of LN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Burbano
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jóse A Gómez-Puerta
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Servicio de Reumatología, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona, España
| | - Carlos Muñoz-Vahos
- Sección de Reumatología. Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas-García
- Sección de Reumatología. Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Sección de Reumatología. Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Carrera 53 #61-30 Laboratorio 510, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Medellín, Colombia
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13
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Burbano C, Rojas M, Muñoz-Vahos C, Vanegas-García A, Correa LA, Vásquez G, Castaño D. Extracellular vesicles are associated with the systemic inflammation of patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17917. [PMID: 30559453 PMCID: PMC6297132 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36335-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and autoantibodies, such as rheumatoid factor and those against cyclic citrullinated peptides, are designated as seropositive and have a more severe disease with worse prognosis than seronegative RA patients. Understanding the factors that participate in systemic inflammation, in addition to articular commitment, would allow better treatment approaches for prevention of RA comorbidities and disease reactivation. We evaluated whether monocyte subsets and extracellular vesicles (EVs) could contribute to this phenomenon. Seropositive patients had higher levels of proinflammatory cytokines than those of seronegative patients and healthy controls (HCs); however, this systemic inflammatory profile was unrelated to disease activity. High frequencies of circulating EVs positive for IgG, IgM, CD41a, and citrulline, together with altered counts and receptor expression of intermediate monocytes, were associated with systemic inflammation in seropositive patients; these alterations were not observed in seronegative patients, which seem to be more similar to HCs. Additionally, the EVs from seropositive patients were able to activate mononuclear phagocytes in vitro, and induced proinflammatory cytokines that were comparable to the inflammatory response observed at the systemic level in seropositive RA patients; therefore, all of these factors may contribute to the greater disease severity that has been described in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Burbano
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
- Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Muñoz-Vahos
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas-García
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Luis A Correa
- Sección de Dermatología, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Laboratorio Clínico VID, Obra de la Congregación Mariana, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
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Villar-Vesga J, Grajales C, Burbano C, Vanegas-García A, Muñoz-Vahos CH, Vásquez G, Rojas M, Castaño D. Platelet-derived microparticles generated in vitro resemble circulating vesicles of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and activate monocytes. Cell Immunol 2018; 336:1-11. [PMID: 30538031 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/03/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have increased amount of platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs) positive for citrullinated peptides (CPs) that form immune complexes (PMPs-ICs). Monocytes are important inflammatory mediators that play a role in the clearance of PMPs-ICs. We aimed to generate PMPs-ICs in vitro and determine its effect on monocytes from patients with RA and healthy individuals (HI). PMPs from patients showed platelet markers, mitochondria content, and phosphatidylserine exposure similar to PMPs from HI. However, patients had a higher frequency of IgG+ and CPs+ vesicles than HI. PMPs-ICs generated in vitro were similar to the circulating vesicles of patients with respect to IgG- and CPs-positivity. PMPs-ICs induced pro-inflammatory cytokines and CX3CR1 expression in monocytes from HI, and IL-10 and CD36 upregulation in monocytes from patients. These results suggest that PMPs-ICs induce activation of monocytes, with a pro-inflammatory response in HI and a more tolerant response in cells of patients with RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Villar-Vesga
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Camilo Grajales
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Catalina Burbano
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas-García
- Grupo de Reumatología, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos H Muñoz-Vahos
- Grupo de Reumatología, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Grupo de Reumatología, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia; Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
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Naranjo-Gómez JS, Castillo JA, Rojas M, Restrepo BN, Diaz FJ, Velilla PA, Castaño D. Different phenotypes of non-classical monocytes associated with systemic inflammation, endothelial alteration and hepatic compromise in patients with dengue. Immunology 2018; 156:147-163. [PMID: 30315653 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 09/28/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Although dengue can progress to severe stages, the exact causes of this phenomenon are unknown; however, the possibility of monocyte participation is acknowledged. It has been suggested that monocyte subsets (classical, intermediate and non-classical) play differential roles in dengue immunopathology. Therefore, we determined the count of monocyte subsets and obtained the clinical information of patients with dengue. We noted a significant decrease in the count of non-classical monocytes in patients compared with controls. With this finding, we focused on studying the phenotype of non-classical monocytes in the present study. An increase in activation and differentiation markers, such as CD64, CD86, the percentage of tumor necrosis factor-α+ cells and exposure of phosphatidylserine, were recorded in the non-classical monocytes of patients compared with controls. Moreover, a significant decrease in the expression of CX3CR1 with a corresponding increase in the expressions of CCR2, CCR5, CD11b and CD54 was detected in the non-classical monocytes of patients in comparison with that of the controls. Significant increases in the frequency of microparticles from endothelium and in the concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-8 and IL-10 were noted in the plasma of patients. These findings demonstrate that in patients with dengue, non-classical monocytes are activated, exhibiting a phenotype associated with more differentiation, produces tumor necrosis factor-α and has a profile of less endothelial surveillance closer to the cellular migration. These changes were associated with hepatic compromise, endothelial alteration and high concentration of circulating cytokines. Hence, alterations of non-classical monocytes seem to be associated with the immunopathology of dengue infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan S Naranjo-Gómez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge Andrés Castillo
- Grupo de Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Unidad de Citometría, Facultad de Medicina, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Berta N Restrepo
- Instituto Colombiano de Medicina Tropical, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Francisco J Diaz
- Grupo de Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Paula A Velilla
- Grupo de Inmunovirología, Departamento de Microbiología y Parasitología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
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Castillo JA, Naranjo JS, Rojas M, Castaño D, Velilla PA. Role of Monocytes in the Pathogenesis of Dengue. Arch Immunol Ther Exp (Warsz) 2018; 67:27-40. [DOI: 10.1007/s00005-018-0525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Rincón-Arévalo H, Villa-Pulgarín J, Tabares J, Rojas M, Vásquez G, Ramírez-Pineda JR, Castaño D, Yassin LM. Interleukin-10 production and T cell-suppressive capacity in B cell subsets from atherosclerotic apoE -/- mice. Immunol Res 2018; 65:995-1008. [PMID: 28744806 DOI: 10.1007/s12026-017-8939-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The evidence regarding the role of regulatory B cells (Breg) in atherosclerosis are scarce, and there are contradictory data about their atheroprotective properties. Due to the demonstrated protective function of Breg in different inflammatory diseases mainly through interleukin-10 (IL-10) production, the knowledge of their participation in atherosclerosis immunopathology would be very valuable. To further study which B cell subsets participate in IL-10 production and their regulatory role, splenocytes from apolipoprotein-E-deficient mice were evaluated by ex vivo and in vitro cultures. Atherosclerotic mice had increased frequency of IL-10+ B cells, which presented high CD1d, CD19, and IgM, but variable CD5, CD21, and CD23 expression. IL-10+ B cells were not enriched in B cell subsets previously reported as Breg. Increased frequency of IL-10+ B cells with transitional 1-like (T1-like) and follicular (FO) and reduced CD5+ and marginal zone (MZ) phenotypes were observed ex vivo. Increased frequency of IL-10+ B cells with T1-like and MZ, and decreased IL-10+ FO and T2 phenotypes were also observed in vitro. To determine regulatory capacity of B cells in the atherosclerotic model, each subset were co-cultured with CD4+CD25- T cells. CD5+, FO, MZ, and T1-like cells from atherosclerotic mice exhibited regulation in an IL-10-dependent manner. However, only FO cells decreased both frequency of interferon gamma (IFN-γ)+ and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α)+ and proliferation of T cells. Finally, splenocytes showed increased frequency of IFN-γ+ and TNF-α+ cells only when FO-depleted B cells were evaluated. These results suggest that mainly FO B cells can modulate in some level the inflammatory responses observed in atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Rincón-Arévalo
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Janny Villa-Pulgarín
- Grupo Inmunomodulación, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Jorge Tabares
- Grupo Inmunomodulación, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría, Facultad de Medicina, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - José R Ramírez-Pineda
- Grupo Inmunomodulación, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Calle 70 No 52-21, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Lina M Yassin
- Grupo de Investigaciones Biomédicas Uniremington, Corporación Universitaria Remington, Medellín, Colombia.
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Burbano C, Villar-Vesga J, Orejuela J, Muñoz C, Vanegas A, Vásquez G, Rojas M, Castaño D. Potential Involvement of Platelet-Derived Microparticles and Microparticles Forming Immune Complexes during Monocyte Activation in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. Front Immunol 2018; 9:322. [PMID: 29545790 PMCID: PMC5837989 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 02/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Microparticles (MPs) are vesicles derived from the plasma membrane of different cells, are considered a source of circulating autoantigens, and can form immune complexes (MPs-ICs). The number of MPs and MPs-ICs increases in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). MPs activate myeloid cells by inducing IL-6 and TNF-α in both SLE and other diseases. Therefore, we propose that the recognition of MPs-ICs by monocytes rather that MPs may define their phenotype and contribute to the inflammatory process in patients with SLE. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the association among circulating MPs-ICs from different cell sources, alterations observed in monocyte subsets, and disease activity in patients with SLE and to establish whether monocytes bind and respond to MPs-ICs in vitro. Circulating MPs and monocyte subsets were characterized in 60 patients with SLE and 60 healthy controls (HCs) using multiparametric flow cytometry. Patients had higher MP counts and frequencies of MPs-CD41a + (platelet-derived) compared with HCs, regardless of disease activity. MPs from patients with SLE were C1q + and formed ICs with IgM and IgG. MPs-IgG + were positively correlated with active SLE (aSLE), whereas MPs-IgM + were negatively correlated. Most of the circulating total ICs-IgG + were located on MPs. The proportion and number of non-classical monocytes were significantly decreased in patients with SLE compared with HCs and in patients with aSLE compared with patients with the inactive disease. Non-classical monocytes obtained from patients with SLE exhibited increased levels of CD64 associated with MPs-IgG +, MPs-C1q +, total circulating ICs-IgG +, and disease activity. The direct effects of MPs and MPs-IgG + on monocytes were evaluated in cell culture. Monocytes from both HCs and patients bound to and internalized MPs and MPs-IgG + independent of CD64. These vesicles derived from platelets (PMPs), mainly PMPs-IgG +, activated monocytes in vitro and increased the expression of CD69, CD64, and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-1β, TNF-α, and IFN-α. Therefore, MPs are one of the most representative sources of the total amount of circulating ICs-IgG + in patients with SLE. MPs-IgG + are associated with SLE activity, and PMPs-IgG + stimulate monocytes, changing their phenotype and promoting pro-inflammatory responses related to disease activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Burbano
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Juan Villar-Vesga
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Janine Orejuela
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Carlos Muñoz
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Adriana Vanegas
- Sección de Reumatología, Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Mauricio Rojas
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia.,Unidad de Citometría de Flujo, Sede de Investigación Universitaria, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia UdeA, Medellín, Colombia
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Rincón-Arévalo H, Castaño D, Villa-Pulgarín J, Rojas M, Vásquez G, Correa LA, Ramírez-Pineda JR, Yassin LM. Dyslipidemia-associated alterations in B cell subpopulation frequency and phenotype during experimental atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2016; 247:118-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2015] [Revised: 11/10/2015] [Accepted: 12/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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20
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Castaño D, Navarro MC, Herrero H. Evolution of secondary whirls in thermoconvective vortices: Strengthening, weakening, and disappearance in the route to chaos. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:013117. [PMID: 26871164 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.013117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
The appearance, evolution, and disappearance of periodic and quasiperiodic dynamics of fluid flows in a cylindrical annulus locally heated from below are analyzed using nonlinear simulations. The results reveal a route of the transition from a steady axisymmetric vertical vortex to a chaotic flow. The chaotic flow regime is reached after a sequence of successive supercritical Hopf bifurcations to periodic, quasiperiodic, and chaotic flow regimes. A scenario similar to the Ruelle-Takens-Newhouse scenario is verified in this convective flow. In the transition to chaos we find the appearance of subvortices embedded in the primary axisymmetric vortex, flows where the subvortical structure strengthens and weakens, that almost disappears before reforming again, leading to a more disorganized flow to a final chaotic regime. Results are remarkable as they connect to observations describing formation, weakening, and virtual disappearance before revival of subvortices in some atmospheric swirls such as dust devils.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castaño
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - H Herrero
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Abstract
Regulatory B cells have gained prominence in their role as modulators of the immune response against tumors, infectious diseases, and autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis, among others. The concept of regulatory B cells has been strongly associated with interleukin (IL)-10 production; however, there is growing evidence that supports the existence of other regulatory mechanisms, such as the production of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), induced cell death of effector T cells, and the induction of CD4(+)CD25(-)Foxp3(+) regulatory T cells. The regulatory function of B cells has been associated with the presence and activation of molecules such as CD40, CD19, CD1d, and BCR. Alterations in signaling by any of these pathways leads to a marked defect in regulatory B cells and to increased clinical symptoms and proinflammatory signs, both in murine models and in autoimmune diseases in humans. B cells mainly exert their regulatory effect through the inhibition of proliferation and production of proinflammatory mediators, such as TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-17 by CD4(+) T cells. A better understanding of how regulatory B cells function will offer new perspectives with regard to the treatment of various human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Rincón-Arévalo
- a Grupo de Inmunología Celular e InmunogenéInstituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Antioquia Medellín , Colombia
| | - Claudia C Sanchez-Parra
- a Grupo de Inmunología Celular e InmunogenéInstituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Antioquia Medellín , Colombia
| | - Diana Castaño
- a Grupo de Inmunología Celular e InmunogenéInstituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Antioquia Medellín , Colombia
| | - Lina Yassin
- a Grupo de Inmunología Celular e InmunogenéInstituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Antioquia Medellín , Colombia.,b Grupo de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad CES , Medellín , Colombia
| | - Gloria Vásquez
- a Grupo de Inmunología Celular e InmunogenéInstituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina , Universidad de Antioquia Medellín , Colombia
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Castaño D, Navarro MC, Herrero H. Thermoconvective vortices in a cylindrical annulus with varying inner radius. Chaos 2014; 24:043116. [PMID: 25554036 DOI: 10.1063/1.4898732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
This paper shows the influence of the inner radius on the stability and intensity of vertical vortices, qualitatively similar to dust devils and cyclones, generated in a cylindrical annulus non-homogeneously heated from below. Little relation is found between the intensity of the vortex and the magnitude of the inner radius. Strong stable vortices can be found for both small and large values of the inner radius. The Rankine combined vortex structure, that characterizes the tangential velocity in dust devils, is clearly observed when small values of the inner radius and large values of the ratio between the horizontal and vertical temperature differences are considered. A contraction on the radius of maximum azimuthal velocity is observed when the vortex is intensified by thermal mechanisms. This radius becomes then nearly stationary when frictional force balances the radial inflow generated by the pressure drop in the center, despite the vortex keeps intensifying. These results connect with the behavior of the radius of the maximum tangential wind associated with a hurricane.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Castaño
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - M C Navarro
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - H Herrero
- Departamento de Matemáticas, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
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Castaño D, Rincon-Arevalo H, Villa-Pulgarin J, Ramirez-Pineda R, Vasquez G, Yassin-Noreña L. Aortic b cell subpopulations in a murine model of atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2014.05.239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Castaño D, García LF, Rojas M. Differentiation of human mononuclear phagocytes increases their innate response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Tuberculosis (Edinb) 2014; 94:207-18. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tube.2014.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2013] [Revised: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 01/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Castaño D, Barrera LF, Rojas M. Mycobacterium tuberculosis alters the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages in vitro. Cell Immunol 2011; 268:60-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellimm.2011.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Castaño D, Rojas M. [Alterations in recruitment and activation of Rab proteins during mycobacterial infection]. Biomedica 2010; 30:283-308. [PMID: 20890576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2009] [Accepted: 01/28/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
At the phagosome level, Mycobacterium spp. alters activation and recruitment of several "Ras gene from rat brain" proteins, commonly known as Rab. Mycobacterial phagosomes have a greater and sustained expression of Rab5, Rab11, Rab14 and Rab22a, and lowered or no expression of Rab7, Rab9 and Rab6. This correlates with increased fusion of the phagosomes with early and recycling endosomes acquiring some features of early phagosomes, allowing the bacteria to gain access to nutrients and preventing the activation of anti-mycobacterial mechanisms. The expression of constitutively active mutants of Rab from the early stage endosomes prevents the maturation of phagosomes containing latex beads or heat-inactivated mycobacteria. Silencing of these mutants by interference RNA or dominant negative forms induces the maturation of mycobacterial phagosomes. The mechanisms have not been established by which mycobacteria alter the expression of these GTPases and thereby shift the phagolysosomal maturation. The problem can be explained by alterations in the recruitment of proteins that interact with Rab, such as phosphoinositide 3-kinases and early endosomal antigen 1. Identifying the mechanisms used by Mycobacterium spp. to disrupt the cycle of Rab activation will be essential to understand the pathophysiology of mycobacterial infections and usefully to potential drug targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Castaño
- Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogen ética, Instituto de Investigaciones M édicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
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van Zelm MC, Reisli I, van der Burg M, Castaño D, van Noesel CJM, van Tol MJD, Woellner C, Grimbacher B, Patiño PJ, van Dongen JJM, Franco JL. An antibody-deficiency syndrome due to mutations in the CD19 gene. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:1901-12. [PMID: 16672701 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa051568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 382] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The CD19 protein forms a complex with CD21, CD81, and CD225 in the membrane of mature B cells. Together with the B-cell antigen receptor, this complex signals the B cell to decrease its threshold for activation by the antigen. METHODS We evaluated four patients from two unrelated families who had increased susceptibility to infection, hypogammaglobulinemia, and normal numbers of mature B cells in blood. We found a mutation in the CD19 gene in all four patients. The CD19 gene in the patients and their first-degree relatives was sequenced, and flow-cytometric immunophenotyping of B cells, immunohistochemical staining of lymphoid tissues, and DNA and messenger RNA analysis were performed. B-cell responses on the triggering of the B-cell receptor were investigated by in vitro stimulation; the antibody response after vaccination with rabies vaccine was also studied. RESULTS All four patients had homozygous mutations in the CD19 gene. Levels of CD19 were undetectable in one patient and substantially decreased in the other three. Levels of CD21 were decreased, whereas levels of CD81 and CD225 were normal, in all four patients. The composition of the precursor B-cell compartment in bone marrow and the total numbers of B cells in blood were normal. However, the numbers of CD27+ memory B cells and CD5+ B cells were decreased. Secondary follicles in lymphoid tissues were small to normal in size and had a normal cellular composition. The few B cells that showed molecular signs of switching from one immunoglobulin class to another contained V(H)-C(alpha) and V(H)-C(gamma) transcripts with somatic mutations. The response of the patients' B cells to in vitro stimulation through the B-cell receptor was impaired, and in all four patients, the antibody response to rabies vaccination was poor. CONCLUSIONS Mutation of the CD19 gene causes a type of hypogammaglobulinemia in which the response of mature B cells to antigenic stimulation is defective.
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Baer H, Brhlik M, Castaño D. Constraints on the minimal supergravity model from nonstandard vacua. Phys Rev D Part Fields 1996; 54:6944-6956. [PMID: 10020704 DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.54.6944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Abstract
The possibility that antipsychotic drugs antagonize the behavioural effects of stress on agonistic behaviour has been explored. Male mice of the OF.1 strain were subjected to the following treatments: 1) Immobilization stress (ten or twenty minutes in duration), 2) haloperidol (three doses) and 3) immobilization stress (ten minutes) plus haloperidol. Individually housed experimental animals confronted standard opponents (anosmic animals) in ten-minute encounters in a neutral cage. Encounters were videotaped and behaviour evaluated, assigning times allocated by subjects to eleven broad behavioural categories. The data show that stress markedly decreases attack behaviour, but haloperidol does not protect against the disruptive action of immobilization. On the contrary, stress and haloperidol produced additive effects further decreasing attack and increasing immobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Miñarro
- Area de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Spain
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31
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Muruamendiaraz V, Martín JL, Castaño D, Alonso Sáinz F. [Idiopathic retroperitoneal fibrosis. Presentation of 7 cases]. Actas Urol Esp 1981; 5:161-8. [PMID: 7282477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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