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King HAD, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Slike BM, Tran U, Jackson ND, Barkei E, Zemil M, Tourtellott-Fogt E, Kuklis CH, Soman S, Ahmed A, Porto M, Kitajewski C, Spence B, Benetiene D, Wieczorek L, Kar S, Gromowski G, Polonis VR, Krebs SJ, Modjarrad K, Bolton DL. Convalescent human IgG, but not IgM, from COVID-19 survivors confers dose-dependent protection against SARS-CoV-2 replication and disease in hamsters. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1138629. [PMID: 37026013 PMCID: PMC10070741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1138629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antibody therapeutic strategies have served an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic, even as their effectiveness has waned with the emergence of escape variants. Here we sought to determine the concentration of convalescent immunoglobulin required to protect against disease from SARS-CoV-2 in a Syrian golden hamster model. Methods Total IgG and IgM were isolated from plasma of SARS-CoV-2 convalescent donors. Dose titrations of IgG and IgM were infused into hamsters 1 day prior to challenge with SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-1. Results The IgM preparation was found to have ~25-fold greater neutralization potency than IgG. IgG infusion protected hamsters from disease in a dose-dependent manner, with detectable serum neutralizing titers correlating with protection. Despite a higher in vitro neutralizing potency, IgM failed to protect against disease when transferred into hamsters. Discussion This study adds to the growing body of literature that demonstrates neutralizing IgG antibodies are important for protection from SARS-CoV-2 disease, and confirms that polyclonal IgG in sera can be an effective preventative strategy if the neutralizing titers are sufficiently high. In the context of new variants, against which existing vaccines or monoclonal antibodies have reduced efficacy, sera from individuals who have recovered from infection with the emerging variant may potentially remain an efficacious tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A. D. King
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bonnie M. Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ursula Tran
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nathan D. Jackson
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Erica Barkei
- Veterinary Pathology Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Michelle Zemil
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Emily Tourtellott-Fogt
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Sandrine Soman
- Viral Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Aslaa Ahmed
- Viral Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Victoria R. Polonis
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Kayvon Modjarrad, ; Diane L. Bolton,
| | - Diane L. Bolton
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Kayvon Modjarrad, ; Diane L. Bolton,
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2
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Misasi J, Wei RR, Wang L, Pegu A, Wei CJ, Oloniniyi OK, Zhou T, Moliva JI, Zhao B, Choe M, Yang ES, Zhang Y, Boruszczak M, Chen M, Leung K, Li J, Yang ZY, Andersen H, Carlton K, Godbole S, Harris DR, Henry AR, Ivleva VB, Lei P, Liu C, Longobardi L, Merriam JS, Nase D, Olia AS, Pessaint L, Porto M, Shi W, Wolff JJ, Douek DC, Suthar MS, Gall J, Koup RA, Kwong PD, Mascola JR, Nabel GJ, Sullivan NJ. A multispecific antibody prevents immune escape and confers pan-SARS-CoV-2 neutralization. bioRxiv 2022:2022.07.29.502029. [PMID: 35982683 PMCID: PMC9387125 DOI: 10.1101/2022.07.29.502029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Despite effective countermeasures, SARS-CoV-2 persists worldwide due to its ability to diversify and evade human immunity1. This evasion stems from amino-acid substitutions, particularly in the receptor-binding domain of the spike, that confer resistance to vaccines and antibodies 2-16. To constrain viral escape through resistance mutations, we combined antibody variable regions that recognize different receptor binding domain (RBD) sites17,18 into multispecific antibodies. Here, we describe multispecific antibodies, including a trispecific that prevented virus escape >3000-fold more potently than the most effective clinical antibody or mixtures of the parental antibodies. Despite being generated before the evolution of Omicron, this trispecific antibody potently neutralized all previous variants of concern and major Omicron variants, including the most recent BA.4/BA.5 strains at nanomolar concentrations. Negative stain electron microscopy revealed that synergistic neutralization was achieved by engaging different epitopes in specific orientations that facilitated inter-spike binding. An optimized trispecific antibody also protected Syrian hamsters against Omicron variants BA.1, BA.2 and BA.5, each of which uses different amino acid substitutions to mediate escape from therapeutic antibodies. Such multispecific antibodies decrease the likelihood of SARS-CoV-2 escape, simplify treatment, and maximize coverage, providing a strategy for universal antibody therapies that could help eliminate pandemic spread for this and other pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- John Misasi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Ronnie R. Wei
- Modex Therapeutics Inc., an OPKO Health Company, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Chih-Jen Wei
- Modex Therapeutics Inc., an OPKO Health Company, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Olamide K. Oloniniyi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tongqing Zhou
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan I. Moliva
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Bingchun Zhao
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Misook Choe
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Eun Sung Yang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Yi Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Marika Boruszczak
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Man Chen
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Kwan Leung
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Juan Li
- Modex Therapeutics Inc., an OPKO Health Company, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Zhi-Yong Yang
- Modex Therapeutics Inc., an OPKO Health Company, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | | | - Kevin Carlton
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Sucheta Godbole
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Darcy R. Harris
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Amy R. Henry
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vera B. Ivleva
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Paula Lei
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Cuiping Liu
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Lindsay Longobardi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jonah S. Merriam
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Adam S. Olia
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | | | - Wei Shi
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeremy J. Wolff
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Daniel C. Douek
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Mehul S. Suthar
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory National Primate Research Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
| | - Jason Gall
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Richard A. Koup
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Peter D. Kwong
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - John R. Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Gary J. Nabel
- Modex Therapeutics Inc., an OPKO Health Company, Natick, MA 01760, USA
| | - Nancy J. Sullivan
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Yilmaz S, Janelsins MC, Flannery M, Culakova E, Wells M, Lin PJ, Loh KP, Epstein R, Kamen C, Kleckner AS, Norton SA, Plumb S, Alberti S, Doyle K, Porto M, Weber M, Dukelow N, Magnuson A, Kehoe LA, Nightingale G, Jensen-Battaglia M, Mustian KM, Mohile SG. Protocol paper: Multi-site, cluster-randomized clinical trial for optimizing functional outcomes of older cancer survivors after chemotherapy. J Geriatr Oncol 2022; 13:892-903. [PMID: 35292232 PMCID: PMC9283231 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgo.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer survivors over the age of 65 have unique needs due to the higher prevalence of functional and cognitive impairment, comorbidities, geriatric syndromes, and greater need for social support after chemotherapy. In this study, we will evaluate whether a Geriatric Evaluation and Management-Survivorship (GEMS) intervention improves functional outcomes important to older cancer survivors following chemotherapy. METHODS A cluster-randomized trial will be conducted in approximately 30 community oncology practices affiliated with the University of Rochester Cancer Center (URCC) National Cancer Institute Community Oncology Research Program (NCORP) Research Base. Participating sites will be randomized to the GEMS intervention, which includes Advanced Practice Practitioner (APP)-directed geriatric evaluation and management (GEM), and Survivorship Health Education (SHE) that is combined with Exercise for Cancer Patients (EXCAP©®), or usual care. Cancer survivors will be recruited from community oncology practices (of participating oncology physicians and APPs) after the enrolled clinicians have consented and completed a baseline survey. We will enroll 780 cancer survivors aged 65 years and older who have completed curative-intent chemotherapy for a solid tumor malignancy within four weeks of study enrollment. Cancer survivors will be asked to choose one caregiver to also participate for a total up to 780 caregivers. The primary aim is to compare the effectiveness of GEMS for improving patient-reported physical function at six months. The secondary aim is to compare effectiveness of GEMS for improving patient-reported cognitive function at six months. Tertiary aims include comparing the effectiveness of GEMS for improving: 1) Patient-reported physical function at twelve months; 2) objectively assessed physical function at six and twelve months; and 3) patient-reported cognitive function at twelve months and objectively assessed cognitive function at six and twelve months. Exploratory health care aims include: 1) Survivor satisfaction with care, 2) APP communication with primary care physicians (PCPs), 3) completion of referral appointments, and 4) hospitalizations at six and twelve months. Exploratory caregiver aims include: 1) Caregiver distress; 2) caregiver quality of life; 3) caregiver burden; and 4) satisfaction with patient care at six and twelve months. DISCUSSION If successful, GEMS would be an option for a standardized APP-led survivorship care intervention. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.govNCT05006482, registered on August 9, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Yilmaz
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA; Geriatric Oncology Research, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
| | - M C Janelsins
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M Flannery
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - E Culakova
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M Wells
- Geriatric Oncology Research, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - P-J Lin
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - K P Loh
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - R Epstein
- Department of Family Medicine Research, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - C Kamen
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A S Kleckner
- Department of Pain and Translational Symptom Science, University of Maryland School of Nursing, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - S A Norton
- School of Nursing, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S Plumb
- Geriatric Oncology Research, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S Alberti
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - K Doyle
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M Porto
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - M Weber
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - N Dukelow
- Department of Medicine, Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - A Magnuson
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - L A Kehoe
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - G Nightingale
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Jefferson College of Pharmacy, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - M Jensen-Battaglia
- Geriatric Oncology Research, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - K M Mustian
- Division of Supportive Care in Cancer, Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - S G Mohile
- Geriatric Oncology Research, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, James P Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester Medical Center School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
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4
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Rodrigues I, Porto M, Pimenta F, Costa R. Psychological characteristics and sexual correlates of the resolution experience. J Sex Med 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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5
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Tostanoski LH, Chandrashekar A, Patel S, Yu J, Jacob-Dolan C, Chang A, Powers OC, Sellers D, Gardner S, Barrett J, Sanborn O, Stephenson KE, Ansel JL, Jaegle K, Seaman MS, Porto M, Lok M, Spence B, Cayer K, Nase D, Holman S, Bradette H, Kar S, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Cox F, Tolboom JTBM, de Groot AM, Heerwegh D, Le Gars M, Sadoff J, Wegmann F, Zahn RC, Schuitemaker H, Barouch DH. Passive transfer of Ad26.COV2.S-elicited IgG from humans attenuates SARS-CoV-2 disease in hamsters. NPJ Vaccines 2022; 7:2. [PMID: 35013325 PMCID: PMC8748674 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00427-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific binding and neutralizing antibodies, elicited either by natural infection or vaccination, have emerged as potential correlates of protection. An important question, however, is whether vaccine-elicited antibodies in humans provide direct, functional protection from SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease. In this study, we explored directly the protective efficacy of human antibodies elicited by Ad26.COV2.S vaccination by adoptive transfer studies. IgG from plasma of Ad26.COV2.S vaccinated individuals was purified and transferred into naïve golden Syrian hamster recipients, followed by intra-nasal challenge of the hamsters with SARS-CoV-2. IgG purified from Ad26.COV2.S-vaccinated individuals provided dose-dependent protection in the recipient hamsters from weight loss following challenge. In contrast, IgG purified from placebo recipients provided no protection in this adoptive transfer model. Attenuation of weight loss correlated with binding and neutralizing antibody titers of the passively transferred IgG. This study suggests that Ad26.COV2.S-elicited antibodies in humans are mechanistically involved in protection against SARS-CoV-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa H Tostanoski
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Abishek Chandrashekar
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shivani Patel
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyou Yu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Jacob-Dolan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aiquan Chang
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Olivia C Powers
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel Sellers
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Gardner
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Julia Barrett
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Owen Sanborn
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kathryn E Stephenson
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jessica L Ansel
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kate Jaegle
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Michael S Seaman
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Freek Cox
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | - Jerald Sadoff
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Frank Wegmann
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Roland C Zahn
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | | | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA, USA.
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Gu M, Torres JL, Li Y, Van Ry A, Greenhouse J, Wallace S, Chiang CI, Pessaint L, Jackson AM, Porto M, Kar S, Li Y, Ward AB, Wang Y. One dose of COVID-19 nanoparticle vaccine REVC-128 protects against SARS-CoV-2 challenge at two weeks post-immunization. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021. [PMID: 34651563 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.02.438218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
ABSTRACTA COVID-19 vaccine that can give early protection is needed to eliminate the viral spread efficiently. Here, we demonstrate the development of a nanoparticle vaccine candidate, REVC-128, in which multiple trimeric spike ectodomains with glycine (G) at position 614 were multimerized onto a nanoparticle. In-vitro characterization of this vaccine confirms its structural and antigenic integrity. In-vivo immunogenicity evaluation in mice indicates that a single dose of this vaccine induces potent serum neutralizing antibody titre at two weeks post-immunization. This is significantly higher than titre caused by trimeric spike protein without nanoparticle presentation. The comparison of serum binding to spike subunits between animals immunized by a spike with and without nanoparticle presentation indicates that nanoparticle prefers the display of spike RBD (Receptor-Binding Domain) over S2 subunit, likely resulting in a more neutralizing but less cross-reactive antibody response. Moreover, a Syrian golden hamster in-vivo model for the SARS-CoV-2 virus challenge was implemented two weeks post a single dose of REVC-128 immunization. The results showed that vaccination protects hamsters against the SARS-CoV-2 virus challenge with evidence of steady body weight, suppressed viral loads and alleviation of tissue damage for protected animals, compared with ∼10% weight loss, high viral loads and tissue damage in unprotected animals. Furthermore, the data showed that vaccine REVC-128 is thermostable at up to 37°C for at least 4 weeks. These findings, along with a history of safety for protein vaccines, suggest that the REVC-128 is a safe, stable and efficacious single-shot vaccine to give the earliest protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Gu
- ReVacc Scientific, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan L Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yijia Li
- ReVacc Biotech, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chi-I Chiang
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Abigail M Jackson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Yuxing Li
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Center of Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yimeng Wang
- ReVacc Scientific, Frederick, MD, USA
- ReVacc Biotech, Frederick, MD, USA
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA
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Gu M, Torres JL, Li Y, Van Ry A, Greenhouse J, Wallace S, Chiang CI, Pessaint L, Jackson AM, Porto M, Kar S, Li Y, Ward AB, Wang Y. One dose of COVID-19 nanoparticle vaccine REVC-128 protects against SARS-CoV-2 challenge at two weeks post-immunization. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 10:2016-2029. [PMID: 34651563 PMCID: PMC8567933 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2021.1994354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
ABSTRACTA COVID-19 vaccine that can give early protection is needed to eliminate the viral spread efficiently. Here, we demonstrate the development of a nanoparticle vaccine candidate, REVC-128, in which multiple trimeric spike ectodomains with glycine (G) at position 614 were multimerized onto a nanoparticle. In-vitro characterization of this vaccine confirms its structural and antigenic integrity. In-vivo immunogenicity evaluation in mice indicates that a single dose of this vaccine induces potent serum neutralizing antibody titre at two weeks post-immunization. This is significantly higher than titre caused by trimeric spike protein without nanoparticle presentation. The comparison of serum binding to spike subunits between animals immunized by a spike with and without nanoparticle presentation indicates that nanoparticle prefers the display of spike RBD (Receptor-Binding Domain) over S2 subunit, likely resulting in a more neutralizing but less cross-reactive antibody response. Moreover, a Syrian golden hamster in-vivo model for the SARS-CoV-2 virus challenge was implemented two weeks post a single dose of REVC-128 immunization. The results showed that vaccination protects hamsters against the SARS-CoV-2 virus challenge with evidence of steady body weight, suppressed viral loads and alleviation of tissue damage for protected animals, compared with ∼10% weight loss, high viral loads and tissue damage in unprotected animals. Furthermore, the data showed that vaccine REVC-128 is thermostable at up to 37°C for at least 4 weeks. These findings, along with a history of safety for protein vaccines, suggest that the REVC-128 is a safe, stable and efficacious single-shot vaccine to give the earliest protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maggie Gu
- ReVacc Scientific, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jonathan L. Torres
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yijia Li
- ReVacc Biotech, Frederick, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Chi-I Chiang
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | - Abigail M. Jackson
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | - Yuxing Li
- Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA,Department of Microbiology and Immunology and Center of Biomolecular Therapeutics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Andrew B. Ward
- Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Yimeng Wang
- ReVacc Scientific, Frederick, MD, USA,ReVacc Biotech, Frederick, MD, USA,Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, Rockville, MD, USA, Yimeng Wang 4539 Metropolitan Court, Frederick, MD21704, USA
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8
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Caputo P, Porto M, Loise V, Abe A, Teltayev B, Calandra P, Oliviero Rossi C. How Organic Waste Improves Bitumen’s Characteristics. Eurasian Chem Tech J 2021. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj1106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
The organic fraction derived from the differentiated collection of urban waste is mainly composed of fatty acids, medium molecular weight hydrocarbons and cellulose. This peculiar composition gave us insight into the possible use of organic waste to improve bitumen’s characteristics (possible antioxidant, regenerating and/ or viscosifying additive for road pavements). The issue of the disposal of organic waste is a global one and it’s constantly of increasing concern. This study looks to alleviate this problem by finding ways for this waste fraction to be utilized for the greater good- in this case, as an additive for bitumen binder in road pavements. The present study is focused on the use of waste as it is and waste treated by the FENTON process (treatment with ferrous sulphate and hydrogen peroxide solution). Dynamic Shear Rheology (DSR) and aging tests (Rolling Thin Film Oven Test, RTFOT) showed that two of the additives tested in this study proved effective: one can be utilised as a viscosifying agent and the other can be us ed as a filler.
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Tostanoski LH, Yu J, Mercado NB, McMahan K, Jacob-Dolan C, Martinot AJ, Piedra-Mora C, Anioke T, Chang A, Giffin VM, Hope DL, Wan H, Bondzie EA, Mahrokhian SH, Wrijil LM, Bauer K, Pessaint L, Porto M, Piegols J, Faudree A, Spence B, Kar S, Amanat F, Krammer F, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Wegmann F, Zahn R, Schuitemaker H, Barouch DH. Immunity elicited by natural infection or Ad26.COV2.S vaccination protects hamsters against SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. Sci Transl Med 2021; 13:eabj3789. [PMID: 34705477 PMCID: PMC8818312 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.abj3789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern have emerged and may pose a threat to both the efficacy of vaccines based on the original WA1/2020 strain and the natural immunity induced by infection with earlier SARS-CoV-2 variants. We investigated how mutations in the spike protein of circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants, which have been shown to partially evade neutralizing antibodies, affect natural and vaccine-induced immunity. We adapted a Syrian hamster model of moderate to severe clinical disease for two variant strains of SARS-CoV-2: B.1.1.7 (alpha variant) and B.1.351 (beta variant). We then assessed the protective efficacy conferred by either natural immunity from WA1/2020 infection or by vaccination with a single dose of the adenovirus serotype 26 vaccine, Ad26.COV2.S. Primary infection with the WA1/2020 strain provided potent protection against weight loss and viral replication in lungs after rechallenge with WA1/2020, B.1.1.7, or B.1.351. Ad26.COV2.S induced cross-reactive binding and neutralizing antibodies that were reduced against the B.1.351 strain compared with WA1/2020 but nevertheless still provided robust protection against B.1.351 challenge, as measured by weight loss and pathology scoring in the lungs. Together, these data support hamsters as a preclinical model to study protection against emerging variants of SARS-CoV-2 conferred by prior infection or vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa H. Tostanoski
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jingyou Yu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Noe B. Mercado
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine McMahan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Catherine Jacob-Dolan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amanda J. Martinot
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Pathology, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Cesar Piedra-Mora
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Pathology, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Tochi Anioke
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Aiquan Chang
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Victoria M. Giffin
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - David L. Hope
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Huahua Wan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Esther A. Bondzie
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shant H. Mahrokhian
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Linda M. Wrijil
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Pathology, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Katherine Bauer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Pathology, Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, Tufts University, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Fatima Amanat
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | | | | | - Frank Wegmann
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, 2333 CN, Netherlands
| | - Roland Zahn
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, 2333 CN, Netherlands
| | | | - Dan H. Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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10
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Wuertz KM, Barkei EK, Chen WH, Martinez EJ, Lakhal-Naouar I, Jagodzinski LL, Paquin-Proulx D, Gromowski GD, Swafford I, Ganesh A, Dong M, Zeng X, Thomas PV, Sankhala RS, Hajduczki A, Peterson CE, Kuklis C, Soman S, Wieczorek L, Zemil M, Anderson A, Darden J, Hernandez H, Grove H, Dussupt V, Hack H, de la Barrera R, Zarling S, Wood JF, Froude JW, Gagne M, Henry AR, Mokhtari EB, Mudvari P, Krebs SJ, Pekosz AS, Currier JR, Kar S, Porto M, Winn A, Radzyminski K, Lewis MG, Vasan S, Suthar M, Polonis VR, Matyas GR, Boritz EA, Douek DC, Seder RA, Daye SP, Rao M, Peel SA, Joyce MG, Bolton DL, Michael NL, Modjarrad K. A SARS-CoV-2 spike ferritin nanoparticle vaccine protects hamsters against Alpha and Beta virus variant challenge. NPJ Vaccines 2021; 6:129. [PMID: 34711815 PMCID: PMC8553838 DOI: 10.1038/s41541-021-00392-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) requires adequate coverage of vaccine protection. We evaluated whether a SARS-CoV-2 spike ferritin nanoparticle vaccine (SpFN), adjuvanted with the Army Liposomal Formulation QS21 (ALFQ), conferred protection against the Alpha (B.1.1.7), and Beta (B.1.351) VOCs in Syrian golden hamsters. SpFN-ALFQ was administered as either single or double-vaccination (0 and 4 week) regimens, using a high (10 μg) or low (0.2 μg) dose. Animals were intranasally challenged at week 11. Binding antibody responses were comparable between high- and low-dose groups. Neutralizing antibody titers were equivalent against WA1, B.1.1.7, and B.1.351 variants following two high dose vaccinations. Dose-dependent SpFN-ALFQ vaccination protected against SARS-CoV-2-induced disease and viral replication following intranasal B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 challenge, as evidenced by reduced weight loss, lung pathology, and lung and nasal turbinate viral burden. These data support the development of SpFN-ALFQ as a broadly protective, next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn McGuckin Wuertz
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Erica K Barkei
- Veterinary Pathology Division, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Martinez
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ines Lakhal-Naouar
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Linda L Jagodzinski
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gregory D Gromowski
- Virus Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Isabella Swafford
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Akshaya Ganesh
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Ming Dong
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Paul V Thomas
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rajeshwer S Sankhala
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Agnes Hajduczki
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline E Peterson
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caitlin Kuklis
- Virus Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sandrine Soman
- Virus Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michelle Zemil
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexander Anderson
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, TN, USA
| | - Janice Darden
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Heather Hernandez
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Grove
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Holly Hack
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Rafael de la Barrera
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Stasya Zarling
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - James F Wood
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey W Froude
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Gagne
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy R Henry
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elham Bayat Mokhtari
- Virus Persistence and Dynamics Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Prakriti Mudvari
- Virus Persistence and Dynamics Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew S Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Currier
- Virus Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sandhya Vasan
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mehul Suthar
- Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Victoria R Polonis
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Gary R Matyas
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Eli A Boritz
- Virus Persistence and Dynamics Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert A Seder
- Cellular Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sharon P Daye
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Mangala Rao
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sheila A Peel
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - M Gordon Joyce
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diane L Bolton
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
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11
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Corbett KS, Werner AP, Connell SO, Gagne M, Lai L, Moliva JI, Flynn B, Choi A, Koch M, Foulds KE, Andrew SF, Flebbe DR, Lamb E, Nurmukhambetova ST, Provost SJ, Bock KW, Minai M, Nagata BM, Ry AV, Flinchbaugh Z, Johnston TS, Mokhtari EB, Mudvari P, Henry AR, Laboune F, Chang B, Porto M, Wear J, Alvarado GS, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Todd JPM, Bart B, Cook A, Dodson A, Pessaint L, Steingrebe K, Elbashir S, Sriparna M, Pekosz A, Andersen H, Wu K, Edwards DK, Kar S, Lewis MG, Boritz E, Moore IN, Carfi A, Suthar MS, McDermott A, Roederer M, Nason MC, Sullivan NJ, Douek DC, Graham BS, Seder RA. mRNA-1273 protects against SARS-CoV-2 beta infection in nonhuman primates. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1306-1315. [PMID: 34417590 PMCID: PMC8488000 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01021-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
B.1.351 is the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variant most resistant to antibody neutralization. We demonstrate how the dose and number of immunizations influence protection. Nonhuman primates received two doses of 30 or 100 µg of Moderna's mRNA-1273 vaccine, a single immunization of 30 µg, or no vaccine. Two doses of 100 µg of mRNA-1273 induced 50% inhibitory reciprocal serum dilution neutralizing antibody titers against live SARS-CoV-2 p.Asp614Gly and B.1.351 of 3,300 and 240, respectively. Higher neutralizing responses against B.1.617.2 were also observed after two doses compared to a single dose. After challenge with B.1.351, there was ~4- to 5-log10 reduction of viral subgenomic RNA and low to undetectable replication in bronchoalveolar lavages in the two-dose vaccine groups, with a 1-log10 reduction in nasal swabs in the 100-µg group. These data establish that a two-dose regimen of mRNA-1273 will be critical for providing upper and lower airway protection against major variants of concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kizzmekia S Corbett
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Anne P Werner
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sarah O' Connell
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Gagne
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lilin Lai
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Juan I Moliva
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barbara Flynn
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Kathryn E Foulds
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shayne F Andrew
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Dillon R Flebbe
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Evan Lamb
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Saule T Nurmukhambetova
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samantha J Provost
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kevin W Bock
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mahnaz Minai
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bianca M Nagata
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Timothy S Johnston
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elham Bayat Mokhtari
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Prakriti Mudvari
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amy R Henry
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Farida Laboune
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Gabriela S Alvarado
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John-Paul M Todd
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Manjari Sriparna
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Andrew Pekosz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins University, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Kai Wu
- Moderna, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | - Eli Boritz
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ian N Moore
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Mehul S Suthar
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Adrian McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Mario Roederer
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Martha C Nason
- Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Nancy J Sullivan
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Daniel C Douek
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Barney S Graham
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Robert A Seder
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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12
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Dalvie NC, Rodriguez-Aponte SA, Hartwell BL, Tostanoski LH, Biedermann AM, Crowell LE, Kaur K, Kumru OS, Carter L, Yu J, Chang A, McMahan K, Courant T, Lebas C, Lemnios AA, Rodrigues KA, Silva M, Johnston RS, Naranjo CA, Tracey MK, Brady JR, Whittaker CA, Yun D, Brunette N, Wang JY, Walkey C, Fiala B, Kar S, Porto M, Lok M, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Love KR, Camp DL, Silverman JM, Kleanthous H, Joshi SB, Volkin DB, Dubois PM, Collin N, King NP, Barouch DH, Irvine DJ, Love JC. Engineered SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain improves manufacturability in yeast and immunogenicity in mice. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2106845118. [PMID: 34493582 PMCID: PMC8463846 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2106845118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Global containment of COVID-19 still requires accessible and affordable vaccines for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Recently approved vaccines provide needed interventions, albeit at prices that may limit their global access. Subunit vaccines based on recombinant proteins are suited for large-volume microbial manufacturing to yield billions of doses annually, minimizing their manufacturing cost. These types of vaccines are well-established, proven interventions with multiple safe and efficacious commercial examples. Many vaccine candidates of this type for SARS-CoV-2 rely on sequences containing the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which mediates viral entry to cells via ACE2. Here we report an engineered sequence variant of RBD that exhibits high-yield manufacturability, high-affinity binding to ACE2, and enhanced immunogenicity after a single dose in mice compared to the Wuhan-Hu-1 variant used in current vaccines. Antibodies raised against the engineered protein exhibited heterotypic binding to the RBD from two recently reported SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (501Y.V1/V2). Presentation of the engineered RBD on a designed virus-like particle (VLP) also reduced weight loss in hamsters upon viral challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil C Dalvie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Sergio A Rodriguez-Aponte
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Brittany L Hartwell
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), MIT, Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Lisa H Tostanoski
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Andrew M Biedermann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Laura E Crowell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Kawaljit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics, and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
| | - Ozan S Kumru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics, and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Jingyou Yu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Aiquan Chang
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Katherine McMahan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Thomas Courant
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Celia Lebas
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ashley A Lemnios
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Kristen A Rodrigues
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), MIT, Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Murillo Silva
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Ryan S Johnston
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Christopher A Naranjo
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Mary Kate Tracey
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Joseph R Brady
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Charles A Whittaker
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Dongsoo Yun
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Natalie Brunette
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Jing Yang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Carl Walkey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Brooke Fiala
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kerry R Love
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | - Danielle L Camp
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
| | | | | | - Sangeeta B Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics, and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics, and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047
| | - Patrice M Dubois
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Collin
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), MIT, Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115
- Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA 02115
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Ragon Institute of Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), MIT, Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815
| | - J Christopher Love
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA 02139;
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139
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13
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Corbett KS, Nason MC, Flach B, Gagne M, O’ Connell S, Johnston TS, Shah SN, Edara VV, Floyd K, Lai L, McDanal C, Francica JR, Flynn B, Wu K, Choi A, Koch M, Abiona OM, Werner AP, Moliva JI, Andrew SF, Donaldson MM, Fintzi J, Flebbe DR, Lamb E, Noe AT, Nurmukhambetova ST, Provost SJ, Cook A, Dodson A, Faudree A, Greenhouse J, Kar S, Pessaint L, Porto M, Steingrebe K, Valentin D, Zouantcha S, Bock KW, Minai M, Nagata BM, van de Wetering R, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Leung K, Shi W, Yang ES, Zhang Y, Todd JPM, Wang L, Alvarado GS, Andersen H, Foulds KE, Edwards DK, Mascola JR, Moore IN, Lewis MG, Carfi A, Monterfiori D, Suthar MS, McDermott A, Roederer M, Sullivan NJ, Douek DC, Graham BS, Seder RA. Immune correlates of protection by mRNA-1273 vaccine against SARS-CoV-2 in nonhuman primates. Science 2021; 373:eabj0299. [PMID: 34529476 PMCID: PMC8449013 DOI: 10.1126/science.abj0299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 64.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Immune correlates of protection can be used as surrogate endpoints for vaccine efficacy. Here, nonhuman primates (NHPs) received either no vaccine or doses ranging from 0.3 to 100 μg of the mRNA-1273 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) vaccine. mRNA-1273 vaccination elicited circulating and mucosal antibody responses in a dose-dependent manner. Viral replication was significantly reduced in bronchoalveolar lavages and nasal swabs after SARS-CoV-2 challenge in vaccinated animals and most strongly correlated with levels of anti–S antibody and neutralizing activity. Lower antibody levels were needed for reduction of viral replication in the lower airway than in the upper airway. Passive transfer of mRNA-1273–induced immunoglobulin G to naïve hamsters was sufficient to mediate protection. Thus, mRNA-1273 vaccine–induced humoral immune responses are a mechanistic correlate of protection against SARS-CoV-2 in NHPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kizzmekia S. Corbett
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Martha C. Nason
- Biostatistics Research Branch, Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Britta Flach
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Matthew Gagne
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Sarah O’ Connell
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Timothy S. Johnston
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Shruti N. Shah
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Venkata Viswanadh Edara
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States of America
| | - Katharine Floyd
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States of America
| | - Lilin Lai
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States of America
| | - Charlene McDanal
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27708; United States of America
| | - Joseph R. Francica
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Barbara Flynn
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Kai Wu
- Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139; United States of America
| | - Angela Choi
- Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139; United States of America
| | - Matthew Koch
- Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139; United States of America
| | - Olubukola M. Abiona
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Anne P. Werner
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Juan I. Moliva
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Shayne F. Andrew
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Mitzi M. Donaldson
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Jonathan Fintzi
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Dillon R. Flebbe
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Evan Lamb
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Amy T. Noe
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Saule T. Nurmukhambetova
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Samantha J. Provost
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Anthony Cook
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Alan Dodson
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Andrew Faudree
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Jack Greenhouse
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Swagata Kar
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Laurent Pessaint
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Maciel Porto
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | | | - Daniel Valentin
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Serge Zouantcha
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Kevin W. Bock
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Mahnaz Minai
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Bianca M. Nagata
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Renee van de Wetering
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Seyhan Boyoglu-Barnum
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Kwanyee Leung
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Wei Shi
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Eun Sung Yang
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Yi Zhang
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - John-Paul M. Todd
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Lingshu Wang
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Gabriela S. Alvarado
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Hanne Andersen
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Kathryn E. Foulds
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | | | - John R. Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Ian N. Moore
- Infectious Disease Pathogenesis Section; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Mark G. Lewis
- Bioqual, Inc.; Rockville, Maryland, 20850; United States of America
| | - Andrea Carfi
- Moderna Inc., Cambridge, MA, 02139; United States of America
| | - David Monterfiori
- Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, 27708; United States of America
| | - Mehul S. Suthar
- Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines of Children’s Healthcare of Atlanta, Department of Pediatrics, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Emory Vaccine Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, 30322, United States of America
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology; Atlanta, Georgia, 30329, United States of America
| | - Adrian McDermott
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Mario Roederer
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Nancy J. Sullivan
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Daniel C. Douek
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Barney S. Graham
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
| | - Robert A. Seder
- Vaccine Research Center; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, 20892; United States of America
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14
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Peralta T, Pedrozo CNN, Porto M, Imperatori M, Belmonte M, Giunta G, Cuniberti L. A bioinformatic analysis of the aortic valve stenosis transcriptome reveals chances of Rosuvastatin treatment. Atherosclerosis 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.06.798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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15
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Wuertz KM, Barkei EK, Chen WH, Martinez EJ, Lakhal-Naouar I, Jagodzinski LL, Paquin-Proulx D, Gromowski GD, Swafford I, Ganesh A, Dong M, Zeng X, Thomas PV, Sankhala RS, Hajduczki A, Peterson CE, Kuklis C, Soman S, Wieczorek L, Zemil M, Anderson A, Darden J, Hernandez H, Grove H, Dussupt V, Hack H, de la Barrera R, Zarling S, Wood JF, Froude JW, Gagne M, Henry AR, Mokhtari EB, Mudvari P, Krebs SJ, Pekosz AS, Currier JR, Kar S, Porto M, Winn A, Radzyminski K, Lewis MG, Vasan S, Suthar M, Polonis VR, Matyas GR, Boritz EA, Douek DC, Seder RA, Daye SP, Rao M, Peel SA, Joyce MG, Bolton DL, Michael NL, Modjarrad K. A SARS-CoV-2 spike ferritin nanoparticle vaccine protects against heterologous challenge with B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 virus variants in Syrian golden hamsters. bioRxiv 2021:2021.06.16.448525. [PMID: 34159328 PMCID: PMC8219092 DOI: 10.1101/2021.06.16.448525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOC) requires adequate coverage of vaccine protection. We evaluated whether a spike ferritin nanoparticle vaccine (SpFN), adjuvanted with the Army Liposomal Formulation QS21 (ALFQ), conferred protection against the B.1.1.7 and B.1.351 VOCs in Syrian golden hamsters. SpFN-ALFQ was administered as either single or double-vaccination (0 and 4 week) regimens, using a high (10 μg) or low (0.2 μg) immunogen dose. Animals were intranasally challenged at week 11. Binding antibody responses were comparable between high- and low-dose groups. Neutralizing antibody titers were equivalent against WA1, B.1.1.7, and B.1.351 variants following two high dose two vaccinations. SpFN-ALFQ vaccination protected against SARS-CoV-2-induced disease and viral replication following intranasal B.1.1.7 or B.1.351 challenge, as evidenced by reduced weight loss, lung pathology, and lung and nasal turbinate viral burden. These data support the development of SpFN-ALFQ as a broadly protective, next-generation SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn McGuckin Wuertz
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Erica K. Barkei
- Veterinary Pathology Division, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Martinez
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Ines Lakhal-Naouar
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Linda L. Jagodzinski
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Gregory D. Gromowski
- Virus Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Isabella Swafford
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Akshaya Ganesh
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee USA
| | - Ming Dong
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- Pathology Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, Maryland USA
| | - Paul V. Thomas
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Rajeshwer S. Sankhala
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Agnes Hajduczki
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Caroline E. Peterson
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Caitlin Kuklis
- Virus Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Sandrine Soman
- Virus Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Michelle Zemil
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Alexander Anderson
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Oak Ridge Institute of Science and Education, Oak Ridge, Tennessee USA
| | - Janice Darden
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Heather Hernandez
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Hannah Grove
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Holly Hack
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Rafael de la Barrera
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Stasya Zarling
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - James F. Wood
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Jeffrey W. Froude
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Matthew Gagne
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Amy R. Henry
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Elham Bayat Mokhtari
- Virus Persistence and Dynamics Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Prakriti Mudvari
- Virus Persistence and Dynamics Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Andrew S. Pekosz
- W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Currier
- Virus Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Sandhya Vasan
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Mehul Suthar
- Emory Vaccine Center, Department of Pediatrics, Emory School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia USA
| | - Victoria R. Polonis
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Gary R. Matyas
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Eli A. Boritz
- Virus Persistence and Dynamics Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Daniel C. Douek
- Human Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Robert A. Seder
- Cellular Immunology Section, Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland USA
| | - Sharon P. Daye
- One Health Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Mangala Rao
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - Sheila A. Peel
- Diagnostics Countermeasures Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
| | - M. Gordon Joyce
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Diane L. Bolton
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Nelson L. Michael
- Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- These authors contributed equally
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center for Infectious Diseases Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland USA
- These authors contributed equally
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16
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Corbett KS, Werner AP, O' Connell S, Gagne M, Lai L, Moliva JI, Flynn B, Choi A, Koch M, Foulds KE, Andrew SF, Flebbe DR, Lamb E, Nurmukhambetova ST, Provost SJ, Bock KW, Minai M, Nagata BM, Van Ry A, Flinchbaugh Z, Johnston TS, Mokhtari EB, Mudvari P, Henry AR, Laboune F, Chang B, Porto M, Wear J, Alvarado GS, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Todd JPM, Bart B, Cook A, Dodson A, Pessaint L, Steingrebe K, Elbashir S, Andersen H, Wu K, Edwards DK, Kar S, Lewis MG, Bortiz E, Moore IN, Carfi A, Suthar MS, McDermott A, Roederer M, Nason MC, Sullivan NJ, Douek DC, Graham BS, Seder RA. Evaluation of mRNA-1273 against SARS-CoV-2 B.1.351 Infection in Nonhuman Primates. bioRxiv 2021. [PMID: 34075375 DOI: 10.1101/2021.05.21.445189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Background Vaccine efficacy against the B.1.351 variant following mRNA-1273 vaccination in humans has not been determined. Nonhuman primates (NHP) are a useful model for demonstrating whether mRNA-1273 mediates protection against B.1.351. Methods Nonhuman primates received 30 or 100 µg of mRNA-1273 as a prime-boost vaccine at 0 and 4 weeks, a single immunization of 30 µg at week 0, or no vaccine. Antibody and T cell responses were assessed in blood, bronchioalveolar lavages (BAL), and nasal washes. Viral replication in BAL and nasal swabs were determined by qRT-PCR for sgRNA, and histopathology and viral antigen quantification were performed on lung tissue post-challenge. Results Eight weeks post-boost, 100 µg x2 of mRNA-1273 induced reciprocal ID 50 neutralizing geometric mean titers against live SARS-CoV-2 D614G and B.1.351 of 3300 and 240, respectively, and 430 and 84 for the 30 µg x2 group. There were no detectable neutralizing antibodies against B.1351 after the single immunization of 30 µg. On day 2 following B.1.351 challenge, sgRNA in BAL was undetectable in 6 of 8 NHP that received 100 µg x2 of mRNA-1273, and there was a ∼2-log reduction in sgRNA in NHP that received two doses of 30 µg compared to controls. In nasal swabs, there was a 1-log 10 reduction observed in the 100 µg x2 group. There was limited inflammation or viral antigen in lungs of vaccinated NHP post-challenge. Conclusions Immunization with two doses of mRNA-1273 achieves effective immunity that rapidly controls lower and upper airway viral replication against the B.1.351 variant in NHP.
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17
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Corbett KS, Nason MC, Flach B, Gagne M, O' Connell S, Johnston TS, Shah SN, Edara VV, Floyd K, Lai L, McDanal C, Francica JR, Flynn B, Wu K, Choi A, Koch M, Abiona OM, Werner AP, Alvarado GS, Andrew SF, Donaldson MM, Fintzi J, Flebbe DR, Lamb E, Noe AT, Nurmukhambetova ST, Provost SJ, Cook A, Dodson A, Faudree A, Greenhouse J, Kar S, Pessaint L, Porto M, Steingrebe K, Valentin D, Zouantcha S, Bock KW, Minai M, Nagata BM, Moliva JI, van de Wetering R, Boyoglu-Barnum S, Leung K, Shi W, Yang ES, Zhang Y, Todd JPM, Wang L, Andersen H, Foulds KE, Edwards DK, Mascola JR, Moore IN, Lewis MG, Carfi A, Montefiori D, Suthar MS, McDermott A, Sullivan NJ, Roederer M, Douek DC, Graham BS, Seder RA. Immune Correlates of Protection by mRNA-1273 Immunization against SARS-CoV-2 Infection in Nonhuman Primates. bioRxiv 2021. [PMID: 33907752 DOI: 10.1101/2021.04.20.440647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Immune correlates of protection can be used as surrogate endpoints for vaccine efficacy. The nonhuman primate (NHP) model of SARS-CoV-2 infection replicates key features of human infection and may be used to define immune correlates of protection following vaccination. Here, NHP received either no vaccine or doses ranging from 0.3 - 100 μg of mRNA-1273, a mRNA vaccine encoding the prefusion-stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike (S-2P) protein encapsulated in a lipid nanoparticle. mRNA-1273 vaccination elicited robust circulating and mucosal antibody responses in a dose-dependent manner. Viral replication was significantly reduced in bronchoalveolar lavages and nasal swabs following SARS-CoV-2 challenge in vaccinated animals and was most strongly correlated with levels of anti-S antibody binding and neutralizing activity. Consistent with antibodies being a correlate of protection, passive transfer of vaccine-induced IgG to naïve hamsters was sufficient to mediate protection. Taken together, these data show that mRNA-1273 vaccine-induced humoral immune responses are a mechanistic correlate of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in NHP. One-Sentence Summary mRNA-1273 vaccine-induced antibody responses are a mechanistic correlate of protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in NHP.
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18
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Dalvie NC, Rodriguez-Aponte SA, Hartwell BL, Tostanoski LH, Biedermann AM, Crowell LE, Kaur K, Kumru O, Carter L, Yu J, Chang A, McMahan K, Courant T, Lebas C, Lemnios AA, Rodrigues KA, Silva M, Johnston RS, Naranjo CA, Tracey MK, Brady JR, Whittaker CA, Yun D, Kar S, Porto M, Lok M, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Love KR, Camp DL, Silverman JM, Kleanthous H, Joshi SB, Volkin DB, Dubois PM, Collin N, King NP, Barouch DH, Irvine DJ, Love JC. Engineered SARS-CoV-2 receptor binding domain improves immunogenicity in mice and elicits protective immunity in hamsters. bioRxiv 2021:2021.03.03.433558. [PMID: 33688647 PMCID: PMC7941618 DOI: 10.1101/2021.03.03.433558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Global containment of COVID-19 still requires accessible and affordable vaccines for low- and middle-income countries (LMICs).1 Recently approved vaccines provide needed interventions, albeit at prices that may limit their global access.2 Subunit vaccines based on recombinant proteins are suited for large-volume microbial manufacturing to yield billions of doses annually, minimizing their manufacturing costs.3 These types of vaccines are well-established, proven interventions with multiple safe and efficacious commercial examples.4-6 Many vaccine candidates of this type for SARS-CoV-2 rely on sequences containing the receptor-binding domain (RBD), which mediates viral entry to cells via ACE2.7,8 Here we report an engineered sequence variant of RBD that exhibits high-yield manufacturability, high-affinity binding to ACE2, and enhanced immunogenicity after a single dose in mice compared to the Wuhan-Hu-1 variant used in current vaccines. Antibodies raised against the engineered protein exhibited heterotypic binding to the RBD from two recently reported SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (501Y.V1/V2). Presentation of the engineered RBD on a designed virus-like particle (VLP) also reduced weight loss in hamsters upon viral challenge.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil C Dalvie
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Sergio A Rodriguez-Aponte
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Brittany L Hartwell
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Lisa H Tostanoski
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew M Biedermann
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Laura E Crowell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Kawaljit Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, United States
| | - Ozan Kumru
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, United States
| | - Lauren Carter
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Jingyou Yu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Aiquan Chang
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Katherine McMahan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Thomas Courant
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Celia Lebas
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Ashley A Lemnios
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Kristen A Rodrigues
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Institute for Medical Engineering and Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Murillo Silva
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Ryan S Johnston
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Christopher A Naranjo
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Mary Kate Tracey
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Joseph R Brady
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Charles A Whittaker
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Dongsoo Yun
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | | | - Megan Lok
- Bioqual, Inc., Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | | | | | - Kerry R Love
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Danielle L Camp
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | | | | | - Sangeeta B Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, United States
| | - David B Volkin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Vaccine Analytics and Formulation Center, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, 66047, United States
| | - Patrice M Dubois
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Collin
- Vaccine Formulation Institute, 1228 Plan-Les-Ouates, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Neil P King
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
- Institute for Protein Design, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Darrell J Irvine
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
| | - J Christopher Love
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
- The Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
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Baum A, Ajithdoss D, Copin R, Zhou A, Lanza K, Negron N, Ni M, Wei Y, Mohammadi K, Musser B, Atwal GS, Oyejide A, Goez-Gazi Y, Dutton J, Clemmons E, Staples HM, Bartley C, Klaffke B, Alfson K, Gazi M, Gonzalez O, Dick E, Carrion R, Pessaint L, Porto M, Cook A, Brown R, Ali V, Greenhouse J, Taylor T, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Stahl N, Murphy AJ, Yancopoulos GD, Kyratsous CA. REGN-COV2 antibodies prevent and treat SARS-CoV-2 infection in rhesus macaques and hamsters. Science 2020; 370:1110-1115. [PMID: 33037066 PMCID: PMC7857396 DOI: 10.1126/science.abe2402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 389] [Impact Index Per Article: 97.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
An urgent global quest for effective therapies to prevent and treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is ongoing. We previously described REGN-COV2, a cocktail of two potent neutralizing antibodies (REGN10987 and REGN10933) that targets nonoverlapping epitopes on the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike protein. In this report, we evaluate the in vivo efficacy of this antibody cocktail in both rhesus macaques, which may model mild disease, and golden hamsters, which may model more severe disease. We demonstrate that REGN-COV-2 can greatly reduce virus load in the lower and upper airways and decrease virus-induced pathological sequelae when administered prophylactically or therapeutically in rhesus macaques. Similarly, administration in hamsters limits weight loss and decreases lung titers and evidence of pneumonia in the lungs. Our results provide evidence of the therapeutic potential of this antibody cocktail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Baum
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | - Richard Copin
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Anbo Zhou
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Kathryn Lanza
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Nicole Negron
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Min Ni
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | - Yi Wei
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | - Bret Musser
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
| | | | | | - Yenny Goez-Gazi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - John Dutton
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Elizabeth Clemmons
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Hilary M Staples
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Carmen Bartley
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Benjamin Klaffke
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Kendra Alfson
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Michal Gazi
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Olga Gonzalez
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Edward Dick
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | - Ricardo Carrion
- Southwest National Primate Research Center, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, TX 78245, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Neil Stahl
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Tarrytown, NY 10591, USA
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20
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Aid M, Busman-Sahay K, Vidal SJ, Maliga Z, Bondoc S, Starke C, Terry M, Jacobson CA, Wrijil L, Ducat S, Brook OR, Miller AD, Porto M, Pellegrini KL, Pino M, Hoang TN, Chandrashekar A, Patel S, Stephenson K, Bosinger SE, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Hecht JL, Sorger PK, Martinot AJ, Estes JD, Barouch DH. Vascular Disease and Thrombosis in SARS-CoV-2-Infected Rhesus Macaques. Cell 2020; 183:1354-1366.e13. [PMID: 33065030 PMCID: PMC7546181 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2020.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has led to extensive morbidity and mortality throughout the world. Clinical features that drive SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in humans include inflammation and thrombosis, but the mechanistic details underlying these processes remain to be determined. In this study, we demonstrate endothelial disruption and vascular thrombosis in histopathologic sections of lungs from both humans and rhesus macaques infected with SARS-CoV-2. To define key molecular pathways associated with SARS-CoV-2 pathogenesis in macaques, we performed transcriptomic analyses of bronchoalveolar lavage and peripheral blood and proteomic analyses of serum. We observed macrophage infiltrates in lung and upregulation of macrophage, complement, platelet activation, thrombosis, and proinflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein, MX1, IL-6, IL-1, IL-8, TNFα, and NF-κB. These results suggest a model in which critical interactions between inflammatory and thrombosis pathways lead to SARS-CoV-2-induced vascular disease. Our findings suggest potential therapeutic targets for COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malika Aid
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Samuel J Vidal
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Zoltan Maliga
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Stephen Bondoc
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Carly Starke
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Margaret Terry
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Connor A Jacobson
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Linda Wrijil
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Sarah Ducat
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Olga R Brook
- Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Andrew D Miller
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Anatomic Pathology, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Kathryn L Pellegrini
- Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Maria Pino
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Timothy N Hoang
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | - Abishek Chandrashekar
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Shivani Patel
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Kathryn Stephenson
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Steven E Bosinger
- Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Yerkes Genomics Core Laboratory, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA; Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Emory School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30329, USA
| | | | | | - Jonathan L Hecht
- Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Peter K Sorger
- Laboratory of Systems Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Amanda J Martinot
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA 01536, USA
| | - Jacob D Estes
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Beaverton, OR 97006, USA
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
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21
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Tostanoski LH, Wegmann F, Martinot AJ, Loos C, McMahan K, Mercado NB, Yu J, Chan CN, Bondoc S, Starke CE, Nekorchuk M, Busman-Sahay K, Piedra-Mora C, Wrijil LM, Ducat S, Custers J, Atyeo C, Fischinger S, Burke JS, Feldman J, Hauser BM, Caradonna TM, Bondzie EA, Dagotto G, Gebre MS, Jacob-Dolan C, Lin Z, Mahrokhian SH, Nampanya F, Nityanandam R, Pessaint L, Porto M, Ali V, Benetiene D, Tevi K, Andersen H, Lewis MG, Schmidt AG, Lauffenburger DA, Alter G, Estes JD, Schuitemaker H, Zahn R, Barouch DH. Ad26 vaccine protects against SARS-CoV-2 severe clinical disease in hamsters. Nat Med 2020; 26:1694-1700. [PMID: 32884153 PMCID: PMC7671939 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-020-1070-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 228] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in humans is often a clinically mild illness, but some individuals develop severe pneumonia, respiratory failure and death1-4. Studies of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in hamsters5-7 and nonhuman primates8-10 have generally reported mild clinical disease, and preclinical SARS-CoV-2 vaccine studies have demonstrated reduction of viral replication in the upper and lower respiratory tracts in nonhuman primates11-13. Here we show that high-dose intranasal SARS-CoV-2 infection in hamsters results in severe clinical disease, including high levels of virus replication in tissues, extensive pneumonia, weight loss and mortality in a subset of animals. A single immunization with an adenovirus serotype 26 vector-based vaccine expressing a stabilized SARS-CoV-2 spike protein elicited binding and neutralizing antibody responses and protected against SARS-CoV-2-induced weight loss, pneumonia and mortality. These data demonstrate vaccine protection against SARS-CoV-2 clinical disease. This model should prove useful for preclinical studies of SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, therapeutics and pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisa H Tostanoski
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank Wegmann
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Amanda J Martinot
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Carolin Loos
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Katherine McMahan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noe B Mercado
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jingyou Yu
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chi N Chan
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Cesar Piedra-Mora
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Linda M Wrijil
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Ducat
- Tufts University Cummings School of Veterinary Medicine, North Grafton, MA, USA
| | | | - Caroline Atyeo
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephanie Fischinger
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - John S Burke
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Jared Feldman
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Blake M Hauser
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Timothy M Caradonna
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Esther A Bondzie
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Gabriel Dagotto
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Makda S Gebre
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Catherine Jacob-Dolan
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Zijin Lin
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Shant H Mahrokhian
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Felix Nampanya
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ramya Nityanandam
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Aaron G Schmidt
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Galit Alter
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
- Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jacob D Estes
- Oregon Health & Sciences University, Beaverton, OR, USA
| | | | - Roland Zahn
- Janssen Vaccines & Prevention BV, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA.
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
- Massachusetts Consortium on Pathogen Readiness, Boston, MA, USA.
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Laczkó D, Hogan MJ, Toulmin SA, Hicks P, Lederer K, Gaudette BT, Castaño D, Amanat F, Muramatsu H, Oguin TH, Ojha A, Zhang L, Mu Z, Parks R, Manzoni TB, Roper B, Strohmeier S, Tombácz I, Arwood L, Nachbagauer R, Karikó K, Greenhouse J, Pessaint L, Porto M, Putman-Taylor T, Strasbaugh A, Campbell TA, Lin PJC, Tam YK, Sempowski GD, Farzan M, Choe H, Saunders KO, Haynes BF, Andersen H, Eisenlohr LC, Weissman D, Krammer F, Bates P, Allman D, Locci M, Pardi N. A Single Immunization with Nucleoside-Modified mRNA Vaccines Elicits Strong Cellular and Humoral Immune Responses against SARS-CoV-2 in Mice. Immunity 2020; 53:724-732.e7. [PMID: 32783919 PMCID: PMC7392193 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2020.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 55.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection has emerged as a serious global pandemic. Because of the high transmissibility of the virus and the high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with COVID-19, developing effective and safe vaccines is a top research priority. Here, we provide a detailed evaluation of the immunogenicity of lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated, nucleoside-modified mRNA (mRNA-LNP) vaccines encoding the full-length SARS-CoV-2 spike protein or the spike receptor binding domain in mice. We demonstrate that a single dose of these vaccines induces strong type 1 CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses, as well as long-lived plasma and memory B cell responses. Additionally, we detect robust and sustained neutralizing antibody responses and the antibodies elicited by nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccines do not show antibody-dependent enhancement of infection in vitro. Our findings suggest that the nucleoside-modified mRNA-LNP vaccine platform can induce robust immune responses and is a promising candidate to combat COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Laczkó
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michael J Hogan
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Sushila A Toulmin
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Philip Hicks
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Katlyn Lederer
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brian T Gaudette
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Diana Castaño
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; Grupo de Inmunología Celular e Inmunogenética, Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Fatima Amanat
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA; Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hiromi Muramatsu
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Thomas H Oguin
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Amrita Ojha
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Lizhou Zhang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Zekun Mu
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Robert Parks
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Tomaz B Manzoni
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Brianne Roper
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shirin Strohmeier
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - István Tombácz
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Leslee Arwood
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Raffael Nachbagauer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Katalin Karikó
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; BioNTech RNA Pharmaceuticals, Mainz, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ying K Tam
- Acuitas Therapeutics, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Gregory D Sempowski
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Michael Farzan
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Hyeryun Choe
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL, USA
| | - Kevin O Saunders
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Barton F Haynes
- Duke Human Vaccine Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Laurence C Eisenlohr
- Division of Protective Immunity, Children's Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA; The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Drew Weissman
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Florian Krammer
- Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Paul Bates
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Allman
- The Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine at the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Michela Locci
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Norbert Pardi
- Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Caputo P, Porto M, Loise V, Teltayev B, Oliviero Rossi C. Analysis of Mechanical Performance of Bitumen Modified with Waste Plastic and Rubber Additives by Rheology and Self Diffusion NMR Experiments. Eurasian Chem Tech J 2019. [DOI: 10.18321/ectj864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, the mechanical and physico-chemical properties of a new kind of modified bitumen are presented. The bituminous binders have been modified in order to understand the effect on the structural properties of several compounds such as a Polymer elastomer as Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR), Polymer thermoplastic polypropylene (PP) and a waste plastic (Waste PP). Laboratory tests have been focused on the characterization of bitumen modified with single product and their binary combinations compared with pristine binder as a reference. Characterization has been conducted by using conventional as well as advanced methods on bitumens. Fundamental rheological tests, based on dynamic shear rheometer in the temperature range from -30 °C to +160 °C have been performed and the structure of a bitumens and modified bitumens has been analysed by the mobility of the oily maltene by self-diffusion Pulsed field gradient spin-echo (PGSE) FT-NMR experiments.
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24
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Zaki MN, Lusk LA, Overcash RT, Rao R, Truong YN, Liebowitz M, Porto M, Porto M. Predicting birth weight in fetuses with gastroschisis. J Perinatol 2018; 38:122-126. [PMID: 29266095 DOI: 10.1038/jp.2017.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2017] [Revised: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the accuracy of commonly utilized ultrasound formulas for estimating birth weight (BW) in fetuses with gastroschisis. STUDY DESIGN A retrospective review was conducted of all inborn pregnancies with gastroschisis within the five institutions of the University of California Fetal Consortium (UCfC) between 2007 and 2012. Infants delivered at ⩾28 weeks who had an ultrasound within 21 days before delivery were included. Prediction of BW was evaluated for each of the five ultrasound formulas: Hadlock 1 (abdominal circumference (AC), biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL) and head circumference (HC)) and Hadlock 2 (AC, BPD and FL), Shepard (AC and BPD), Honarvar (FL) and Siemer (BPD, occipitofrontal diameter (OFD), and FL) using Pearson's correlation, mean difference and percent error and Bland-Altman analysis. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) for the ultrasound diagnosis of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) were assessed. RESULTS We identified 191 neonates born with gastroschisis within the UCfC, with 111 neonates meeting the inclusion criteria. The mean gestational age at delivery was 36.3±1.7 weeks and the mean BW was 2448±460 g. Hadlock (1) formula was found to have the best correlation (r=0.81), the lowest mean difference (8±306 g) and the lowest mean percent error (1.4±13%). The Honarvar and Siemer formulas performed significantly worse when compared with Hadlock 1, with a 13.7% (P<0.001) and 3.9% (P=0.03) difference, respectively, between estimated and actual BW. This was supported by Bland-Altman plots. For Hadlock 1 and 2, sensitivity was 80% with a NPV of 91%. CONCLUSION The widely used Hadlock (1) and (2) formulas provided the best estimated BW in infants with gastroschisis despite its inclusion of abdominal circumference. Furthermore, this formula performs well with diagnosis of IUGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Zaki
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
| | - L A Lusk
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - R T Overcash
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Reproductive Medicine, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.,Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, DC, USA
| | - R Rao
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Y N Truong
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, USA.,Kaiser Permanente San Leandro, San Leandro, CA, USA
| | - M Liebowitz
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - M Porto
- Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, CA, USA
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Celebre G, D'Urso C, Porto M. Extensive molecular field theoretical investigation of thermotropic biaxial nematics composed of board-like (D) molecules in the partially repulsive regime of orientational interactions. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.10.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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26
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Perez S, Iñarrea A, Pérez-Tanoira R, Gil M, López-Díez E, Valenzuela O, Porto M, Alberte-Lista L, Peteiro-Cancelo MA, Treinta A, Carballo R, Reboredo MC, Alvarez-Argüelles ME, Purriños MJ. Fraction of high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions attributable to genotypes targeted by a nonavalent HPV vaccine in Galicia, Spain. Virol J 2017; 14:214. [PMID: 29110680 PMCID: PMC5674742 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-017-0879-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) bivalent and quadrivalent vaccines have been widely implemented in worldwide organized immunization programs. A nonavalent HPV vaccine is now available in several countries. The objective was to describe the fraction of squamous non-invasive high-grade cervical intraepithelial lesions attributable to genotypes targeted by bi-quadrivalent vaccines and by nonavalent vaccine according to age and diagnosis in women living in the city of Vigo (Galicia, Spain). Methods Cervical scrapings (2009–2014) of women with histological diagnosis of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 (CIN2, n = 145) and grade 3-carcinoma in situ (CIN3-CIS, n = 244) were tested with Linear Array HPV Genotyping test (Roche diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany). Hierarchical estimation of the fraction attributable to HPV 16/18 or HPV 31/33/45/52/58 detected alone or in combination was calculated. Absolute additional fraction attributable to genotypes targeted by nonavalent vaccine compared to genotypes targeted by bi-quadrivalent vaccines was calculated as the increment of attributable cases with respect to all studied cases. Age group 1, 2 and 3 included women 18 to 34, 35–44 and ≥45 years old, respectively. EPIDAT 3.1 was used. Results Fraction attributable to genotypes targeted by bi-quadrivalent vaccines was 59% CIN2 vs. 69% CIN3-CIS (p < 0.001). It was 63/51/50% of CIN2 and 78/66/45% of CIN3-CIS in age group 1, 2, 3, respectively. Fraction attributable to genotypes targeted by nonavalent vaccine was 86% CIN2 and 86% CIN3-CIS. It was 87/91/75% of CIN2 and 90/86/76% of CIN3-CIS in age group 1, 2, 3, respectively. Fraction attributable to genotypes targeted by these vaccines tended to decrease as age increased (p-trend <0.05). Globally, absolute additional attributable fraction was 16%, 26% and 29% in age group 1, 2 and 3, respectively (p < 0.005). Conclusions Absolute additional fraction of CIN2 and CIN3-CIS attributable to genotypes targeted by nonavalent vaccine was observed in women of any age, especially in those over 35 years old.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Perez
- Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Vigo, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain.
| | - A Iñarrea
- Gynecology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - R Pérez-Tanoira
- Internal Medicine Department, Hospital Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Gil
- Gynecology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - E López-Díez
- Urology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - O Valenzuela
- Gynecology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M Porto
- Gynecology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - L Alberte-Lista
- Pathology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - A Treinta
- Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Vigo, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - R Carballo
- Microbiology Department, Institute of Biomedical Research of Vigo, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - M C Reboredo
- Gynecology Department, University Hospital of Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | | | - M J Purriños
- Health and Epidemiology Department. Innovation and management of public health. Consellería de Sanidade, Xunta de Galicia, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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Breves P, Porto M, Pissinatti A, Luz D, Menezes R. Helmintos oxiuridae parasitos de Iguana iguana (Squamata, Lacertilia, Iguanidae) procedentes do Brasil. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2011. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352011000600040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - A. Pissinatti
- Instituto Estadual do Ambiente; Centro Universitário Plínio Leite
| | - D. Luz
- Centro Universitário Plínio Leite
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Combs C, Garite T, Porto M, Maurel K. 441: 17-hydroxyprogesterone for triplet pregnancy does not reduce prematurity or neonatal morbidity, may increase midtrimester loss. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2009.10.607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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29
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Pissinatti L, Tortelly R, Porto M, Burity C, Pissinatti A. Morfologia macroscópica do aparelho reprodutor feminino de Leontopithecus cativos (Lesson, 1840) Primates-Callitrichidae. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2008. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-09352008000600025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Descreveu-se o sistema reprodutor feminino em três espécies de mico-leão Leontopithecus (Lesson 1840), cativos: L. rosalia, L. chrysopygus e L. chrysomelas. A vulva está delimitada pelos lábios vulvares menores e com clitóris conspícuo. A superfície do períneo urogenital apresenta elevações papilares mais concentradas nos lábios vulvares, conferindo-lhe aspecto rugoso. O vestíbulo vaginal constitui um tubo muscular de parede espessa que se estende da rima da vulva até o óstio da vagina. A vagina é um tubo muscular alongado e achatado dorsoventralmente, que comunica o vestíbulo vaginal ao colo uterino. O útero piriforme está localizado na porção caudal da cavidade abdominal. Craniolateralmente abrem-se tubas uterinas convolutas e ovários grosseiramente fusiformes de superfície lisa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Porto
- Centro Universitário Serra dos Órgãos
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30
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - M. Porto
- Fundação Educacional Serra dos Órgãos
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Abstract
A new approach to build mesoscopic-size engines that move translationally or rotationally and can perform useful functions such as the pulling of a cargo is presented. The approach is based on the transformation of internal vibrations of the moving object into directed motion, making use of the nonlinear properties of friction. This can be achieved by superimposing time-dependent external fields that break the spatial symmetry. The motion can be controlled and optimized by adjusting the system parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Fleishman
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
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Moayeri S, Werlin L, Brewster W, Allen R, Kim M, Porto M. O-15. Fertil Steril 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.02.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Allen R, Brewster W, Moayeri S, Nass T, Kim M, Porto M, Werlin L. P-25. Fertil Steril 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.02.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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34
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Porto M. Prediction of Site-Specific Amino Acid Distributions and Limits of Divergent Evolutionary Changes in Protein Sequences. Mol Biol Evol 2005. [DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msi116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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35
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Porto M. Rectification by hopping motion through nonsymmetric potentials: local versus global bias. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 64:021109. [PMID: 11497564 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.64.021109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2001] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The hopping motion of noninteracting classical particles through nonsymmetric potentials is investigated in the case of alternating local bias. Different to the case of alternating global bias, a resonancelike behavior is observed. The system exhibits rectification effects in the regime of small to medium bias, whereas rectification effects are absent in the strong bias regime. Possible generalizations and applications are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Porto
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasse 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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36
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Roman HE, Porto M. Self-generated power-law tails in probability distributions. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 63:036128. [PMID: 11308730 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.63.036128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We consider random processes characterized by the presence of correlations in their variance, or more generally in some of their moments. Typical examples are constituted by autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (ARCH) processes which are known to display power-law tails in the associated probability distributions. Here, we determine the corresponding exponents exactly and extend these results to relaxation phenomena which can be expected to play a role in natural sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
- H E Roman
- INFN, Sezione di Milano, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milano, Italy
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Abstract
A molecular motor is introduced which is composed of charges only and which does not contain any potential or interaction besides the Coulomb one. The motor is shown to transform efficiently a driven random rotation into a directed translational motion. The direction of translational motion can be chosen dynamically, so that a "forward gear," a "reverse gear," and even a "neutral gear" exist. The high efficiency stems from the fact that this motor only steps in the direction determined by the chosen gear.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Porto
- Max-Planck-Institut für Physik komplexer Systeme, Nöthnitzer Strasze 38, 01187 Dresden, Germany
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Ordemann A, Porto M, Eduardo Roman H, Havlin S. "Generalized des Cloizeaux" exponent for self-avoiding walks on the incipient percolation cluster. Phys Rev E Stat Nonlin Soft Matter Phys 2001; 63:020104. [PMID: 11308451 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.63.020104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We study the asymptotic shape of self-avoiding random walks (SAW) on the backbone of the incipient percolation cluster in d-dimensional lattices analytically. It is generally accepted that the configurational averaged probability distribution function <P(B)(r,N)> for the end-to-end distance r of an N step SAW behaves as a power law for r-->0. In this work, we determine the corresponding exponent using scaling arguments, and show that our suggested "generalized des Cloizeaux" expression for the exponent is in excellent agreement with exact enumeration results in two and three dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ordemann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Naylor CS, Porto M, Cohen B, Garite TJ. Pregnancy outcome in Hispanic patients with unexplained positive triple marker screening for Down syndrome. J Matern Fetal Med 2001; 10:20-2. [PMID: 11332414 DOI: 10.1080/714052710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to compare pregnancy outcomes in Hispanic patients with a positive serum triple marker screen for Down syndrome and normal fetal karyotype with Hispanic women who had a negative triple marker screen. METHODS This prospective investigation involved Hispanic gravidas who underwent maternal serum screening. A power analysis was performed to determine the sample size. Fifty women with false-positive screens for Down syndrome were matched with a control group of 100 women with a negative screen. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were compared between the two groups. RESULTS An adverse pregnancy outcome occurred in 14% of the study group and in 13% of controls. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in the incidence of preterm labor (p > 0.5), pre-eclampsia (p > 0.1), intrauterine growth restriction (p > 0.5), or fetal demise (p > 0.5). CONCLUSION Hispanic patients with unexplained positive triple marker screen for Down syndrome do not appear to be at increased risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- C S Naylor
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine Medical Center, Orange, USA.
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Naylor CS, Porto M, Cohen B, Garite TJ. Pregnancy outcome in Hispanic patients with unexplained positive triple marker screening for Down syndrome. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/jmf.10.1.20.22-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
We investigate the dynamics of a classical particle in a one-dimensional two-wave potential composed of two periodic potentials that are time independent and of the same amplitude and periodicity. One of the periodic potentials is externally driven and performs a translational motion with respect to the other. It is shown that, if one of the potentials is of the ratchet type, translation of the potential in a given direction leads to motion of the particle in the same direction, whereas translation in the opposite direction leaves the particle localized at its original location. Moreover, even if the translation is random, but still has a finite velocity, an efficient directed transport of the particle occurs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Porto
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
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Porto M. Critical packing fraction of rectangular particles on the square lattice. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 62:100-102. [PMID: 11088440 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.62.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The random packing of identical and nonoverlapping rectangular particles of size nxm (1</=n,m</=10) is studied numerically on the square lattice, and the corresponding packing fractions p(f) and percolation probabilities P(infinity) are determined. We find that for randomly oriented particles there is a critical packing fraction p(c)(f)=0.67+/-0.01, such that for all particles sizes nxm for which p(f)<p(c)(f) they do not percolate, i.e., P(infinity)-->0 for L-->infinity, while when p(f)>p(c)(f),P(infinity)-->1 when L-->infinity and an infinite cluster exists. The value for p(c)(f) is found to be consistent with the continuum percolation threshold p(c) congruent with0.67 for overlapping particles in two dimensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Porto
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
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Abstract
We introduce a new approach to build microscopic engines on the atomic scale that move translationally or rotationally and can perform useful functions such as the pulling of a cargo. Characteristic of these engines is the possibility to determine dynamically the directionality of the motion. The approach is based on the transformation of the fed energy to directed motion through a dynamical competition between the intrinsic lengths of the moving object and the supporting carrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Porto
- School of Chemistry, Tel Aviv University, 69978 Tel Aviv, Israel
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Ordemann A, Porto M, Roman HE, Havlin S, Bunde A. Multifractal behavior of linear polymers in disordered media. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 2000; 61:6858-6865. [PMID: 11088378 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.61.6858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2000] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The scaling behavior of linear polymers in disordered media modeled by self-avoiding random walks (SAWs) on the backbone of two- and three-dimensional percolation clusters at their critical concentrations p(c) is studied. All possible SAW configurations of N steps on a single backbone configuration are enumerated exactly. We find that the moments of order q of the total number of SAWs obtained by averaging over many backbone configurations display multifractal behavior; i.e., different moments are dominated by different subsets of the backbone. This leads to generalized coordination numbers mu(q) and enhancement exponents gamma(q), which depend on q. Our numerical results suggest that the relation mu(1)=p(c)mu between the first moment mu(1) and its regular lattice counterpart mu is valid.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ordemann
- Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Abstract
During human pregnancy, maternal and fetal compartments of the human placenta produce and release corticotrophic-releasing hormone (CRH). Elevations of placental CRH are associated with decreased gestational length (including preterm delivery). The effects of elevated placental CRH on human fetal neurological development are not known. Pregnant women in the 31st and 32nd week of gestation consented to procedures for collection of blood and measurement of fetal heart rate (FHR) in response to a series of 40 vibro-acoustic stimuli (VAS). Measures of habituation and dishabituation were calculated from the FHR. All subjects were followed to delivery. Fetuses (N = 33) of women with highly elevated CRH were least responsive (p < .03) to stimulation after presentation of a novel (dishabituating) stimulus with control for parity, fetal gender, medical (antepartum) risk, and gestational length at term. In a larger sample (N = 156) a polynomial model predicted the pattern of FHR reactivity for the first 15 trials. Placental CRH concentration significantly predicted FHR reactivity after controlling for the effects of trial number, baseline FHR, inter-trial interval, and presence of uterine contractions. Increased maternal CRH levels were significantly related to the length of gestation after controlling for the effects of fetal gender, parity, and medical risk (p = .05). The relationship between length of gestation and FHR was not significant suggesting separate actions of CRH on these events. Elevated placental CRH appears to accelerate certain developmental events (gestational length) and may influence the fetal nervous system. The impaired fetal responses to novelty and increased arousal observed in this study suggest that neurological systems may be targets for placental CRH during sensitive developmental periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Sandman
- Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA.
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Garcia-Otero J, Porto M, Rivas J, Bunde A. Influence of dipolar interaction on magnetic properties of ultrafine ferromagnetic particles. Phys Rev Lett 2000; 84:167-170. [PMID: 11015861 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.84.167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/1999] [Revised: 05/18/1999] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
We use Monte Carlo simulations to study the influence of dipolar interaction and polydispersity on the magnetic properties of single-domain ultrafine ferromagnetic particles. From the zero field cooling (ZFC)/field cooling (FC) simulations we observe that the blocking temperature T(B) clearly increases with increasing strength of interaction, but it is almost not effected by a broadening of the distribution of particle sizes. While the dependence of the ZFC/FC curves on interaction and cooling rate are reminiscent of a spin glass transition at T(B), the relaxational behavior of the magnetic moments below T(B) is not in accordance with the picture of cooperative freezing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Garcia-Otero
- Departamento de Fisica Aplicada, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Campus Universitario, 15706 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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Porto M, Schwartz N, Havlin S, Bunde A. Optimal paths in disordered media: scaling of the crossover from self-similar to self-affine behavior. Phys Rev E Stat Phys Plasmas Fluids Relat Interdiscip Topics 1999; 60:R2448-51. [PMID: 11970173 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.60.r2448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/1999] [Indexed: 04/18/2023]
Abstract
We study optimal paths in disordered energy landscapes using energy distributions of the type P(log(10) E)=const that lead to the strong disorder limit. If we truncate the distribution, so that P(log(10) E)=const only for E(min) < or =E < or =E(max), and P(log(10) E)=0 otherwise, we obtain a crossover from self-similar (strong disorder) to self-affine (moderate disorder) behavior at a path length l(x). We find that l(x) proportional, variant[log(10)(E(max)/E(min))](kappa), where the exponent kappa has the value kappa=1.60 +/- 0.03 both in d=2 and d=3. We show how the crossover can be understood from the distribution of local energies on the optimal paths.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Porto
- Institut für Theoretische Physik III, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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Cohen BF, Penning S, Ansley D, Porto M, Garite T. The incidence and severity of shoulder dystocia correlates with a sonographic measurement of asymmetry in patients with diabetes. Am J Perinatol 1999; 16:197-201. [PMID: 10458534 DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-993858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this paper is to examine the relationship between fetal asymmetry measured sonographically and the incidence and severity of shoulder dystocia in diabetic patients. Ultrasound data were collected retrospectively from examinations of women with gestational and pregastational diabetes who delivered at University of California, Irvine Medical Center from 1993-1995. Sonographic fetal asymmetry was quantified by calculating the difference between the abdominal diameter and the biparietal diameter in centimeters (AD-BPD). The residual AD-BPD was a patient's actual AD-BPD at the time of the ultrasound minus the mean AD-BPD obtained in our population at the patient's gestational age. The correlations between fetal asymmetry and the incidence and severity of shoulder dystocia were assessed using an analysis of variance as well as a logistic regression analysis. Mild shoulder dystocia was defined as a delivery requiring McRobert's maneuver and/or suprapubic pressure, while severe shoulder dystocia was assessed when delivery of the posterior arm with Wood's corkscrew maneuver was required. One hundred twenty-three women met the inclusion criteria for the study. Dividing the cohort into three groups based on AD-BPD residual values resulted in the following AD-BPD residual ranges and incidences of shoulder dystocia: Group I, -1.80 to -0.32 cm (9.8%), Group II, -0.31 to 0.32 cm (19.5%), and Group III .33 to 2.0 cm (34.1%), (p <0.03). The residual AD-BPD difference correlated with the incidence of shoulder dystocia after controlling for maternal age, weight, parity, birth weight, and the gestational age at ultrasound (P <0.03). Similar results were found with regards to dystocia severity as the mean residual AD-BPD difference between those with no dystocia, mild dystocia, and severe shoulder dystocia was -0.09, 0.23, and 0.46 cm, respectively, (p <0.006). The residual AD-BPD correlated with the severity of shoulder dystocia after controlling for the above-mentioned confounding variables (p <0.05) in a regression analysis. There is a direct correlation in diabetic patients between the level of fetal truncal asymmetry measured sonographically and the incidence and severity of shoulder dystocia.
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Affiliation(s)
- B F Cohen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Irvine, Orange, USA
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Abstract
Elevated concentrations of maternal corticotrophin-releasing hormone (CRH) during the 2nd and early 3rd trimester of human pregnancy are associated with spontaneous preterm birth, but the effects of maternal CRH on the fetus are unknown. Maternal plasma was collected for analysis of CRH concentration, m = 156.24 +/- 130.91 pg/ml, from 33 pregnant women during Weeks 31-33 of gestation. Immediately after collection of plasma, fetal heart rate (FHR) measures were obtained in response to a challenge with a series of vibroacoustic stimuli. Fetuses of mothers with highly elevated CRH did not respond significantly to the presence of a novel stimulus in a repeated series, p = 0.016. These effects on the FHR response were not related to parity, fetal gender, medical (antepartum) risk, or eventual birth outcomes. Impaired dishabituation in these fetuses of mothers with high concentrations of CRH suggests that neurological systems rich with CRH receptors that support learning and memory, such as parahippocampal regions, may be targets for maternal/placental CRH, with implications for fetal neurological development.
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Affiliation(s)
- C A Sandman
- Department of Psychiatry, University of California, Irvine 92697, USA
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Abstract
A 34-year-old Jehovah's Witness presented with vaginal bleeding and anemia at 23 weeks gestation. She was diagnosed with a FIGO Stage IB2 squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix. The patient refused transfusion of blood products and strongly desired to continue the pregnancy. She was hospitalized and at 33 weeks gestation underwent a Cesarean-radical hysterectomy with measures that minimized blood loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tewari
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Irvine-Medical Center, University of California, 101 The City Drive, Orange, California, 92868, USA
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