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Sankhala RS, Lal KG, Jensen JL, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Bai H, Wieczorek L, Mayer SV, Zemil M, Wagner DA, Townsley SM, Hajduczki A, Chang WC, Chen WH, Donofrio GC, Jian N, King HAD, Lorang CG, Martinez EJ, Rees PA, Peterson CE, Schmidt F, Hart TJ, Duso DK, Kummer LW, Casey SP, Williams JK, Kannan S, Slike BM, Smith L, Swafford I, Thomas PV, Tran U, Currier JR, Bolton DL, Davidson E, Doranz BJ, Hatziioannou T, Bieniasz PD, Paquin-Proulx D, Reiley WW, Rolland M, Sullivan NJ, Vasan S, Collins ND, Modjarrad K, Gromowski GD, Polonis VR, Michael NL, Krebs SJ, Joyce MG. Diverse array of neutralizing antibodies elicited upon Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle vaccination in rhesus macaques. Nat Commun 2024; 15:200. [PMID: 38172512 PMCID: PMC10764318 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-44265-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
The repeat emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VoC) with decreased susceptibility to vaccine-elicited antibodies highlights the need to develop next-generation vaccine candidates that confer broad protection. Here we describe the antibody response induced by the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Ferritin Nanoparticle (SpFN) vaccine candidate adjuvanted with the Army Liposomal Formulation including QS21 (ALFQ) in non-human primates. By isolating and characterizing several monoclonal antibodies directed against the Spike Receptor Binding Domain (RBD), N-Terminal Domain (NTD), or the S2 Domain, we define the molecular recognition of vaccine-elicited cross-reactive monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) elicited by SpFN. We identify six neutralizing antibodies with broad sarbecovirus cross-reactivity that recapitulate serum polyclonal antibody responses. In particular, RBD mAb WRAIR-5001 binds to the conserved cryptic region with high affinity to sarbecovirus clades 1 and 2, including Omicron variants, while mAb WRAIR-5021 offers complete protection from B.1.617.2 (Delta) in a murine challenge study. Our data further highlight the ability of SpFN vaccination to stimulate cross-reactive B cells targeting conserved regions of the Spike with activity against SARS CoV-1 and SARS-CoV-2 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwer S Sankhala
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Kerri G Lal
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jaime L Jensen
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hongjun Bai
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Sandra V Mayer
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michelle Zemil
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Danielle A Wagner
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Samantha M Townsley
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Agnes Hajduczki
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - William C Chang
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gina C Donofrio
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Hannah A D King
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Cynthia G Lorang
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Elizabeth J Martinez
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Phyllis A Rees
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Caroline E Peterson
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Fabian Schmidt
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Bonnie M Slike
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Lauren Smith
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Isabella Swafford
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Paul V Thomas
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ursula Tran
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Currier
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Diane L Bolton
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Paul D Bieniasz
- Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | | | - Morgane Rolland
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nancy J Sullivan
- Vaccine Research Center, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Natalie D Collins
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
- Vaccine Research and Development, Pfizer, Pearl River, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gregory D Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Victoria R Polonis
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Center for Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
| | - M Gordon Joyce
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Albalawi YA, Shull T, Virdi AK, Subra C, Mitchell J, Slike BM, Jian N, Krebs SJ, Sacdalan C, Ratnaratorn N, Hsu DC, Phanuphak N, Spudich S, Trautmann L, Al-Harthi L. CD4 dim CD8 bright T cells are inversely associated with neuro-inflammatory markers among people with HIV. AIDS 2024; 38:1-7. [PMID: 37792358 PMCID: PMC10715695 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE HIV-associated neuroinflammation persists in the brain despite suppressive combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). We evaluated associations between a subset of CD8 + T cells, termed CD4 dim CD8 bright T cells, and soluble markers of immune activation and/or neuroinflammation in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and plasma of people with HIV (PWH). DESIGN Fifteen cART-naive PWH were enrolled and underwent blood draw, lumbar puncture for CSF collection, and neuropsychological tests at week 0 (pre-cART) and 24 weeks after cART initiation. METHODS CSF and peripheral blood T cells were evaluated with flow cytometry and soluble markers of immune activation were measured by multiplex and singleplex assays. Spearman bootstrap correlation coefficients with 10 000 resamples were computed and reported with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for each marker of interest and T-cell type. RESULTS The frequency of CSF CD4 dim CD8 bright T cells at week 0 was inversely related with CSF neopterin. In contrast, at week 24, CSF CD4 - CD8 + T cells were positively correlated with CSF s100β, a marker of brain injury. In the blood, at week 0, CD4 dim CD8 bright T cells were inversely correlated with MCP-1, IP-10, IL-8, IL-6, G-CSF, and APRIL and positively correlated with plasma RANTES and MMP1. At week 0, the frequency of blood CD4 - CD8 + were positively correlated with CRP and BAFF. CONCLUSION CD4 dim CD8 bright T cells are associated with some anti-inflammatory properties, whereas CD4 - CD8 + T cells may contribute to inflammation and injury. Assessing the contrast between these two cell populations in neuroHIV may inform targeted therapeutic intervention to reduce neuroinflammation and associated neurocognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen A. Albalawi
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Jouf University, Sakaka, Aljouf, Saudi Arabia
| | - Tanner Shull
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
- Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Illinois Chicago, School of Public Health, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Amber K. Virdi
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Caroline Subra
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Julie Mitchell
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, Oregon, USA
| | - Bonnie M. Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ningbo Jian
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
| | - Carlo Sacdalan
- SEARCH Research Foundation
- Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Denise C. Hsu
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Serena Spudich
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Lydie Trautmann
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Lena Al-Harthi
- Department of Microbial Pathogens and Immunity, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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3
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Sankhala RS, Dussupt V, Donofrio G, Gromowski GD, De La Barrera RA, Larocca RA, Mendez-Rivera L, Lee A, Choe M, Zaky W, Mantus G, Jensen JL, Chen WH, Gohain N, Bai H, McCracken MK, Mason RD, Leggat D, Slike BM, Tran U, Jian N, Abbink P, Peterson R, Mendes EA, Freitas de Oliveira Franca R, Calvet GA, Bispo de Filippis AM, McDermott A, Roederer M, Hernandez M, Albertus A, Davidson E, Doranz BJ, Rolland M, Robb ML, Lynch RM, Barouch DH, Jarman RG, Thomas SJ, Modjarrad K, Michael NL, Krebs SJ, Joyce MG. Zika-specific neutralizing antibodies targeting inter-dimer envelope epitopes. Cell Rep 2023; 42:112942. [PMID: 37561630 PMCID: PMC10775418 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.112942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Zika virus (ZIKV) is an emerging pathogen that causes devastating congenital defects. The overlapping epidemiology and immunologic cross-reactivity between ZIKV and dengue virus (DENV) pose complex challenges to vaccine design, given the potential for antibody-dependent enhancement of disease. Therefore, classification of ZIKV-specific antibody targets is of notable value. From a ZIKV-infected rhesus macaque, we identify ZIKV-reactive B cells and isolate potent neutralizing monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) with no cross-reactivity to DENV. We group these mAbs into four distinct antigenic groups targeting ZIKV-specific cross-protomer epitopes on the envelope glycoprotein. Co-crystal structures of representative mAbs in complex with ZIKV envelope glycoprotein reveal envelope-dimer epitope and unique dimer-dimer epitope targeting. All four specificities are serologically identified in convalescent humans following ZIKV infection, and representative mAbs from all four groups protect against ZIKV replication in mice. These results provide key insights into ZIKV-specific antigenicity and have implications for ZIKV vaccine, diagnostic, and therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeshwer S Sankhala
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Gina Donofrio
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Gregory D Gromowski
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Rafael A De La Barrera
- Pilot Bioproduction Facility, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Rafael A Larocca
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Anna Lee
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Misook Choe
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Weam Zaky
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Grace Mantus
- George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Jaime L Jensen
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Neelakshi Gohain
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hongjun Bai
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Michael K McCracken
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | | | - David Leggat
- Vaccine Research Center, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20852, USA
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Ursula Tran
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Peter Abbink
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Rebecca Peterson
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Erica Araujo Mendes
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | | | - Guilherme Amaral Calvet
- Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Evandro Chagas National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 21040-360, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Morgane Rolland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Rebecca M Lynch
- George Washington University School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Dan H Barouch
- Center for Virology and Vaccine Research, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA; Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT, and Harvard, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Richard G Jarman
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Stephen J Thomas
- Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
| | - M Gordon Joyce
- Emerging Infectious Disease Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, USA; U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA.
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4
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Schuetz A, Corley MJ, Sacdalan C, Phuang-Ngern Y, Nakpor T, Wansom T, Ehrenberg PK, Sriplienchan S, Thomas R, Ratnaratorn N, Sukhumvittaya S, Tragonlugsana N, Slike BM, Akapirat S, Pinyakorn S, Rerknimitr R, Pang AP, Kroon E, Teeratakulpisan N, Krebs SJ, Phanuphak N, Ndhlovu LC, Vasan S. Distinct mucosal and systemic immunological characteristics in transgender women potentially relating to HIV acquisition. JCI Insight 2023; 8:e169272. [PMID: 37432754 PMCID: PMC10543719 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.169272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Transgender women (TGW) are disproportionally affected by HIV infection, with a global estimated prevalence of 19.9%, often attributed to behavioral risk factors, with less known about biological factors. We evaluated potential biological risk factors for HIV acquisition in TGW at the sites of viral entry by assessing immune parameters of the neovaginal surface and gut mucosa. The neovagina in TGW, compared with the vagina in cisgender women (CW), shows distinct cell composition and may pose a more inflammatory environment, evidenced by increased CD4+ T cell activation and higher levels of soluble markers of inflammation (C-reactive protein, soluble CD30). Increased inflammation may be driven by microbiome composition, as shown by a greater abundance of Prevotella and a higher Shannon Diversity Index. In addition, we have observed higher frequency of CD4+CCR5+ target cells and decreased DNA methylation of the CCR5 gene in the gut mucosa of TGW compared with CW and men who have sex with men, which was inversely correlated with testosterone levels. The rectal microbiome composition in TGW appears to favor a proinflammatory milieu as well as mucosal barrier disruption. Thus, it is possible that increased inflammation and higher frequencies of CCR5-expressing target cells at sites of mucosal viral entry may contribute to increased risk of HIV acquisition in TGW, with further validation in larger studies warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Schuetz
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Michael J. Corley
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tanyaporn Wansom
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Philip K. Ehrenberg
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Rasmi Thomas
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | | | | | - Bonnie M. Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Siriwat Akapirat
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suteeraporn Pinyakorn
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alina P.S. Pang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Eugène Kroon
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Shelly J. Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Lishomwa C. Ndhlovu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine Inc., Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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5
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King HAD, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Slike BM, Tran U, Jackson ND, Barkei E, Zemil M, Tourtellott-Fogt E, Kuklis CH, Soman S, Ahmed A, Porto M, Kitajewski C, Spence B, Benetiene D, Wieczorek L, Kar S, Gromowski G, Polonis VR, Krebs SJ, Modjarrad K, Bolton DL. Convalescent human IgG, but not IgM, from COVID-19 survivors confers dose-dependent protection against SARS-CoV-2 replication and disease in hamsters. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1138629. [PMID: 37026013 PMCID: PMC10070741 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1138629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antibody therapeutic strategies have served an important role during the COVID-19 pandemic, even as their effectiveness has waned with the emergence of escape variants. Here we sought to determine the concentration of convalescent immunoglobulin required to protect against disease from SARS-CoV-2 in a Syrian golden hamster model. Methods Total IgG and IgM were isolated from plasma of SARS-CoV-2 convalescent donors. Dose titrations of IgG and IgM were infused into hamsters 1 day prior to challenge with SARS-CoV-2 Wuhan-1. Results The IgM preparation was found to have ~25-fold greater neutralization potency than IgG. IgG infusion protected hamsters from disease in a dose-dependent manner, with detectable serum neutralizing titers correlating with protection. Despite a higher in vitro neutralizing potency, IgM failed to protect against disease when transferred into hamsters. Discussion This study adds to the growing body of literature that demonstrates neutralizing IgG antibodies are important for protection from SARS-CoV-2 disease, and confirms that polyclonal IgG in sera can be an effective preventative strategy if the neutralizing titers are sufficiently high. In the context of new variants, against which existing vaccines or monoclonal antibodies have reduced efficacy, sera from individuals who have recovered from infection with the emerging variant may potentially remain an efficacious tool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah A. D. King
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bonnie M. Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ursula Tran
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nathan D. Jackson
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Erica Barkei
- Veterinary Pathology Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Michelle Zemil
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Emily Tourtellott-Fogt
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Sandrine Soman
- Viral Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Aslaa Ahmed
- Viral Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | | | | | | | | | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | | | - Victoria R. Polonis
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Kayvon Modjarrad, ; Diane L. Bolton,
| | - Diane L. Bolton
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR), Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, WRAIR, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, United States
- *Correspondence: Kayvon Modjarrad, ; Diane L. Bolton,
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6
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Barrows BM, Krebs SJ, Jian N, Zemil M, Slike BM, Dussupt V, Tran U, Mendez-Rivera L, Chang D, O’Sullivan AM, Mann B, Sanders-Buell E, Shubin Z, Creegan M, Paquin-Proulx D, Ehrenberg P, Laurence-Chenine A, Srithanaviboonchai K, Thomas R, Eller MA, Ferrari G, Robb M, Rao V, Tovanabutra S, Polonis VR, Wieczorek L. Fc receptor engagement of HIV-1 Env-specific antibodies in mothers and infants predicts reduced vertical transmission. Front Immunol 2022; 13:1051501. [PMID: 36578481 PMCID: PMC9791209 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1051501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Infants acquire maternal antibodies by Fc receptor transcytosis across the placenta during pregnancy. Fc receptors are expressed on immune cells and are important for activation of effector cell functions. Methods In this study, we evaluated Fc receptor engagement and ADCC activity of plasma binding antibodies from human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV) -infected mothers and to identify factors that may contribute to protection from HIV vertical transmission. Results HIV-specific binding and Fc receptor engagement of plasma antibodies varied between mothers by transmission status and infants by infection status. Non-transmitting (NT) mothers and HIV-uninfected infants had antibodies with higher neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn) and FcγR engagement, as compared to transmitting (T) mothers and HIV+ infants, respectively. A significant inverse correlation between plasma antibody FcRn and FcγR engagement was observed for T mothers, but not NT mothers. Conversely, a significant direct correlation was observed between plasma antibody FcRn and FcγR engagement for HIV- infants, but not for HIV+ infants. Consequently, we observed significantly higher plasma antibody ADCC potency and breadth in HIV- infants, as compared to HIV+ infants. However, no differences in overall ADCC potency and breadth were observed between mothers. FcRn-engagement of HIV-specific antibodies in both mothers and infants predicted a lack of vertical transmission of HIV. Discussion This study indicates that HIV-uninfected infants acquire HIV-specific antibodies with greater Fc receptor engagement and thus, greater ADCC capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittani M. Barrows
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ningbo Jian
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Michelle Zemil
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Bonnie M. Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Ursula Tran
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - David Chang
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Anne Marie O’Sullivan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Brendan Mann
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Eric Sanders-Buell
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Zhanna Shubin
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Matt Creegan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Philip Ehrenberg
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Agnes Laurence-Chenine
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | | | - Rasmi Thomas
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Michael A. Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Guido Ferrari
- Department of Surgery, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, United States
| | - Merlin Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Venigalla Rao
- Department of Biology, The Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Sodsai Tovanabutra
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Victoria R. Polonis
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
| | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, United States
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc., Bethesda, MD, United States
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7
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Kamau E, Chaudhury S, Bolton JS, Slike BM, Jian N, Eller MA, Eller LA, Ake J, Robb ML, Krebs SJ, Bergmann-Leitner ES. Susceptibility to HIV-1 Acquisition linked to Malaria Exposure: A Case-control Study. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 75:1834-1837. [PMID: 35594548 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV and malaria infection rates overlap across sub-Saharan Africa, but factors influencing their co-occurrence are unclear. In a case-control study, we investigated whether malaria exposure increases risk of HIV-1 acquisition. Prior to seroconverting, HIV-positive cases had significantly higher malaria-associated antibodies compared to HIV-negative controls, linking malaria exposure to HIV-1 acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edwin Kamau
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Sidhartha Chaudhury
- Center for Enabling Capabilities, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Jessica S Bolton
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Biologics Research and Development, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Eller
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Leigh Anne Eller
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Julie Ake
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Elke S Bergmann-Leitner
- Biologics Research and Development, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
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8
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Sharma V, Creegan M, Tokarev A, Hsu D, Slike BM, Sacdalan C, Chan P, Spudich S, Ananworanich J, Eller MA, Krebs SJ, Vasan S, Bolton DL. Cerebrospinal fluid CD4+ T cell infection in humans and macaques during acute HIV-1 and SHIV infection. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1010105. [PMID: 34874976 PMCID: PMC8683024 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1010105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
HIV-1 replication within the central nervous system (CNS) impairs neurocognitive function and has the potential to establish persistent, compartmentalized viral reservoirs. The origins of HIV-1 detected in the CNS compartment are unknown, including whether cells within the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) produce virus. We measured viral RNA+ cells in CSF from acutely infected macaques longitudinally and people living with early stages of acute HIV-1. Active viral transcription (spliced viral RNA) was present in CSF CD4+ T cells as early as four weeks post-SHIV infection, and among all acute HIV-1 specimens (N = 6; Fiebig III/IV). Replication-inactive CD4+ T cell infection, indicated by unspliced viral RNA in the absence of spliced viral RNA, was even more prevalent, present in CSF of >50% macaques and human CSF at ~10-fold higher frequency than productive infection. Infection levels were similar between CSF and peripheral blood (and lymph nodes in macaques), indicating comparable T cell infection across these compartments. In addition, surface markers of activation were increased on CSF T cells and monocytes and correlated with CSF soluble markers of inflammation. These studies provide direct evidence of HIV-1 replication in CD4+ T cells and broad immune activation in peripheral blood and the CNS during acute infection, likely contributing to early neuroinflammation and reservoir seeding. Thus, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy may not be able to prevent establishment of CNS viral reservoirs and sources of long-term inflammation, important targets for HIV-1 cure and therapeutic strategies. Neurological pathologies are associated with HIV-1 infection and remain common in the ongoing AIDS epidemic. Despite the advent of successful viremia suppression by anti-retroviral therapy, increased life expectancies and co-morbidities have led to higher prevalence of milder forms of neurocognitive dysfunction. How HIV-1 causes neurocognitive dysfunction is currently unclear, though it is widely believed that viral replication within the central nervous system (CNS) prior to therapy triggers these detrimental processes. The appearance of HIV-1 in the cerebrospinal fluid during the earliest stages of infection suggests that these processes may begin very early. Here, we use novel techniques to probe cells for viral infection during the first few weeks of infection in the CNS of humans and animals to determine the source of this virus. We found HIV-1 replication in T cells in the cerebrospinal fluid during this early window. In addition, infected T cells were present at similar frequencies in the CNS and other anatomic compartments, suggesting equilibration of T cell infection levels across these sites and potential for establishment of long-term reservoirs in the CNS. Our study provides new insights to the early events of viral entry and replication in the CNS with implications for subsequent viral persistence and neuronal injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishakha Sharma
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew Creegan
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Andrey Tokarev
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Denise Hsu
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bonnie M. Slike
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Carlo Sacdalan
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Phillip Chan
- Institute of HIV Research and Innovation, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Serena Spudich
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, United States of America
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Michael A. Eller
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Diane L. Bolton
- Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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9
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Townsley SM, Donofrio GC, Jian N, Leggat DJ, Dussupt V, Mendez-Rivera L, Eller LA, Cofer L, Choe M, Ehrenberg PK, Geretz A, Gift S, Grande R, Lee A, Peterson C, Piechowiak MB, Slike BM, Tran U, Joyce MG, Georgiev IS, Rolland M, Thomas R, Tovanabutra S, Doria-Rose NA, Polonis VR, Mascola JR, McDermott AB, Michael NL, Robb ML, Krebs SJ. B cell engagement with HIV-1 founder virus envelope predicts development of broadly neutralizing antibodies. Cell Host Microbe 2021; 29:564-578.e9. [PMID: 33662277 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2021.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Determining which immunological mechanisms contribute to the development of broad neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) during HIV-1 infection is a major goal to inform vaccine design. Using samples from a longitudinal HIV-1 acute infection cohort, we found key B cell determinants within the first 14-43 days of viremia that predict the development of bNAbs years later. Individuals who develop neutralization breadth had significantly higher B cell engagement with the autologous founder HIV envelope (Env) within 1 month of initial viremia. A higher frequency of founder-Env-specific naive B cells was associated with increased B cell activation and differentiation and predictive of bNAb development. These data demonstrate that the initial B cell interaction with the founder HIV Env is important for the development of broadly neutralizing antibodies and provide evidence that events within HIV acute infection lead to downstream functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha M Townsley
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Gina C Donofrio
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - David J Leggat
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Vincent Dussupt
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Leigh Anne Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Lauryn Cofer
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Misook Choe
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Philip K Ehrenberg
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Aviva Geretz
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Syna Gift
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Rebecca Grande
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Anna Lee
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Caroline Peterson
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Mary Bryson Piechowiak
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Ursula Tran
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - M Gordon Joyce
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA; Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Ivelin S Georgiev
- Vanderbilt Vaccine Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37212, USA
| | - Morgane Rolland
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Rasmi Thomas
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Sodsai Tovanabutra
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | | | - Victoria R Polonis
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - John R Mascola
- Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | | | - Nelson L Michael
- Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA.
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10
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Dussupt V, Sankhala RS, Mendez-Rivera L, Townsley SM, Schmidt F, Wieczorek L, Lal KG, Donofrio GC, Tran U, Jackson ND, Zaky WI, Zemil M, Tritsch SR, Chen WH, Martinez EJ, Ahmed A, Choe M, Chang WC, Hajduczki A, Jian N, Peterson CE, Rees PA, Rutkowska M, Slike BM, Selverian CN, Swafford I, Teng IT, Thomas PV, Zhou T, Smith CJ, Currier JR, Kwong PD, Rolland M, Davidson E, Doranz BJ, Mores CN, Hatziioannou T, Reiley WW, Bieniasz PD, Paquin-Proulx D, Gromowski GD, Polonis VR, Michael NL, Modjarrad K, Joyce MG, Krebs SJ. Low-dose in vivo protection and neutralization across SARS-CoV-2 variants by monoclonal antibody combinations. Nat Immunol 2021; 22:1503-1514. [PMID: 34716452 PMCID: PMC8642242 DOI: 10.1038/s41590-021-01068-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Prevention of viral escape and increased coverage against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants of concern require therapeutic monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting multiple sites of vulnerability on the coronavirus spike glycoprotein. Here we identify several potent neutralizing antibodies directed against either the N-terminal domain (NTD) or the receptor-binding domain (RBD) of the spike protein. Administered in combinations, these mAbs provided low-dose protection against SARS-CoV-2 infection in the K18-human angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 mouse model, using both neutralization and Fc effector antibody functions. The RBD mAb WRAIR-2125, which targets residue F486 through a unique heavy-chain and light-chain pairing, demonstrated potent neutralizing activity against all major SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern. In combination with NTD and other RBD mAbs, WRAIR-2125 also prevented viral escape. These data demonstrate that NTD/RBD mAb combinations confer potent protection, likely leveraging complementary mechanisms of viral inactivation and clearance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Dussupt
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Rajeshwer S. Sankhala
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Letzibeth Mendez-Rivera
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Samantha M. Townsley
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Fabian Schmidt
- grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Lindsay Wieczorek
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Kerri G. Lal
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Gina C. Donofrio
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Ursula Tran
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Nathaniel D. Jackson
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Weam I. Zaky
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Michelle Zemil
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Sarah R. Tritsch
- grid.253615.60000 0004 1936 9510Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Wei-Hung Chen
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Elizabeth J. Martinez
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Aslaa Ahmed
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Misook Choe
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - William C. Chang
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Agnes Hajduczki
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Caroline E. Peterson
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Phyllis A. Rees
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Magdalena Rutkowska
- grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Bonnie M. Slike
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | - Isabella Swafford
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - I-Ting Teng
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Paul V. Thomas
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Tongqing Zhou
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | - Jeffrey R. Currier
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Peter D. Kwong
- grid.419681.30000 0001 2164 9667Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Morgane Rolland
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | | | | | - Christopher N. Mores
- grid.253615.60000 0004 1936 9510Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC USA
| | - Theodora Hatziioannou
- grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - William W. Reiley
- grid.250945.f0000 0004 0462 7513Trudeau Institute, Saranac Lake, NY USA
| | - Paul D. Bieniasz
- grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519Laboratory of Retrovirology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA ,grid.134907.80000 0001 2166 1519Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY USA
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Gregory D. Gromowski
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Viral Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Victoria R. Polonis
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Nelson L. Michael
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Center of Infectious Disease Research, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - Kayvon Modjarrad
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA
| | - M. Gordon Joyce
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166Emerging Infectious Diseases Branch, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.507680.c0000 0001 2230 3166U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD USA ,grid.201075.10000 0004 0614 9826Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD USA
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11
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Peluso MJ, Colby DJ, Pinyakorn S, Ubolyam S, Intasan J, Trichavaroj R, Chomchey N, Prueksakaew P, Slike BM, Krebs SJ, Jian N, Robb ML, Phanuphak P, Phanuphak N, Spudich S, Ananworanich J, Kroon E. Liver function test abnormalities in a longitudinal cohort of Thai individuals treated since acute HIV infection. J Int AIDS Soc 2020; 23:e25444. [PMID: 31953919 PMCID: PMC6968973 DOI: 10.1002/jia2.25444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 12/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Liver disease is a common cause of non-AIDS morbidity and mortality in people living with HIV (PLHIV), but the prevalence and significance of liver function test (LFT) abnormalities in early HIV infection is unknown. This study aimed to characterize LFTs in a large cohort of participants with acute HIV infection initiating immediate antiretroviral therapy (ART) and examine the association between LFTs and biomarkers of HIV infection and inflammation. METHODS We measured LFTs at the time of HIV diagnosis and at 4, 12, 24 and 48 weeks after ART initiation in 426 Thai individuals with acute HIV infection from 2009 to 2018. A subset of individuals had data available at 96 and 144 weeks. We excluded individuals with concomitant viral hepatitis. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) was the primary outcome of interest; values greater than 1.25 times the upper limit of normal were considered elevated. Analyses utilized descriptive statistics, non-parametric tests and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS Sixty-six of the 426 individuals (15.5%) had abnormal baseline ALT levels; the majority (43/66, 65.5%) had Grade 1 elevations. Elevated baseline ALT correlated with Fiebig stages III to V (p = 0.001) and baseline HIV RNA >6 log10 copies/mL (p = 0.012). Baseline elevations resolved by 48 weeks on ART in 59 of the 66 individuals (89%). ALT elevations at 24 and 48 weeks correlated with Fiebig stages I to II at diagnosis (p < 0.001), baseline plasma HIV RNA levels <6 log10 copies/mL (p < 0.001), abnormal baseline ALT (p < 0.001), baseline CD4 >350 cells/μL (p = 0.03) and older age (p = 0.03). Individuals initiating efavirenz-based regimens were more likely to have elevated ALT levels at 48 weeks compared with those on non-efavirenz-based regimens (p = 0.003). CONCLUSIONS One in six people with acute HIV infection have elevated LFTs. Clinical outcomes with ART started in acute HIV are generally good, with resolution of ALT elevations within 48 weeks on ART in most cases. These results suggest a multifactorial model for hepatic injury involving a combination of HIV-associated and ART-associated processes, which may change over time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Peluso
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Donn J Colby
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Suteeraporn Pinyakorn
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | - Jintana Intasan
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rapee Trichavaroj
- Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitiya Chomchey
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Bonnie M Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ningbo Jian
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,The University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Eugène Kroon
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
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12
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Hellmuth J, Muccini C, Colby DJ, Kroon E, de Souza M, Crowell TA, Chan P, Sacdalan C, Intasan J, Benjapornpong K, Tipsuk S, Puttamaswin S, Chomchey N, Valcour V, Sarnecki M, Tomaka F, Krebs SJ, Slike BM, Jagodzinski LL, Dumrongpisutikul N, Sailasuta N, Samboju V, Michael NL, Robb ML, Vasan S, Ananworanich J, Phanuphak P, Phanuphak N, Paul R, Spudich S. Central nervous system safety during brief analytic treatment interruption of antiretroviral therapy within four HIV remission trials: an observational study in acutely treated people living with HIV. Clin Infect Dis 2020; 73:e1885-e1892. [PMID: 32916708 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciaa1344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The central nervous system (CNS) is a likely reservoir of HIV, vulnerable to viral rebound, inflammation, and clinical changes upon stopping antiretroviral therapy (ART). It is critical to evaluate the CNS safety of studies using analytic treatment interruption (ATI) to assess HIV remission. METHODS Thirty participants who started ART during acute HIV infection underwent CNS assessments across four ATI remission trials. ART resumption occurred with plasma viral load >1000 copies/mL. CNS measures included paired pre- vs. post-ATI measures of mood, cognitive performance, and neurologic examination, with elective cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampling, brain diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). RESULTS Median participant age was 30 years old and 29/30 were male. Participants' median time on ART prior to ATI was 3 years, and ATI lasted a median of 35 days. Post-ATI, there were no differences in median mood scores or neurologic findings and cognitive performance improved modestly. During ATI, a low level of CSF HIV-1 RNA was detectable in six of 20 participants with plasma viremia, with no group changes in CSF immune activation markers or brain DTI measures. Mild worsening was identified in post-ATI basal ganglia total choline MRS, suggesting an alteration in neuronal membranes. CONCLUSION No adverse CNS effects were observed with brief, closely-monitored ATI in participants with acutely treated HIV, except a MRS alteration in basal ganglia choline. Further studies are needed to assess CNS ATI safety in HIV remission trials, particularly for studies using higher thresholds to restart ART and longer ATI durations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Hellmuth
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Camilla Muccini
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Donn J Colby
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Eugène Kroon
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Mark de Souza
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Trevor A Crowell
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Phillip Chan
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Carlo Sacdalan
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jintana Intasan
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Somporn Tipsuk
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Nitiya Chomchey
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Victor Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | | | - Frank Tomaka
- Janssen Research & Development LLC, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Linda L Jagodzinski
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | | | - Napapon Sailasuta
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA
| | - Vishal Samboju
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Sandhya Vasan
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.,Department of Global Health, The University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Praphan Phanuphak
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Robert Paul
- Missouri Institute of Mental Health, University of Missouri-St. Louis, MO, USA
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13
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Eller MA, Hong T, Creegan M, Nau ME, Sanders-Buell E, Slike BM, Krebs SJ, Ratto-Kim S, McElrath MJ, Katabira ET, Bolton DL, Michael NL, Robb ML, Tovanabutra S, Baeten JM, Sandberg JK. Activated PD-1+ CD4+ T cells represent a short-lived part of the viral reservoir and predict poor immunologic recovery upon initiation of ART. AIDS 2020; 34:197-202. [PMID: 31764072 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000002432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Activated (CD38HLA-DR) PD-1 CD4 T cells are strongly associated with virus replication and disease progression in untreated HIV-1 infection, and viral persistence in individuals on ART. Few studies have examined cell-associated viral load (CAVL) in different activated CD4 T-cell populations to measure relative contributions to viral reservoirs. DESIGN Longitudinal assessment of HIV-1 chronically infected Ugandans initiating ART, to investigate activated CD4 T-cell populations and their contribution to viral reservoirs. METHODS We followed 32 HIV-1 chronically infected individuals from Kampala, Uganda, and determined their CD4 T-cell counts and viral load at baseline, 6, and 12 months after the initiation of ART. T-cell populations were sorted based on activation profiles and gag DNA was measured to determine CAVL within these populations. Soluble factors associated with inflammation were measured in plasma using a multiplexed platform. RESULTS Concomitant with viral load decline and CD4 T-cell count rebound, the activated PD-1 CD4 T-cell population contracted upon initiation of ART. Baseline levels of activated PD-1 CD4 T cells correlated with plasma levels of IP-10 and TNFRII. Interestingly, a higher baseline level of activated PD-1 CD4 T cells was associated with poorer CD4 T-cell recovery after 12 months of ART. This population contributed significantly to the cell-associated HIV DNA load at baseline, whereas their contribution declined on ART, indicating high turnover. CONCLUSION Activated PD-1 CD4 T cells are predictors of poor immunologic recovery on ART and may represent a short-lived component of HIV-1 reservoirs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Ting Hong
- Departments of Global Health, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Matthew Creegan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Martin E Nau
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eric Sanders-Buell
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Silvia Ratto-Kim
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - M Juliana McElrath
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, Washington
| | - Elly T Katabira
- Faculty of Medicine, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Diane L Bolton
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Nelson L Michael
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
| | - Merlin L Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sodsai Tovanabutra
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jared M Baeten
- Departments of Global Health, Medicine, and Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington
| | - Johan K Sandberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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14
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Lal KG, Kim D, Costanzo MC, Creegan M, Leeansyah E, Dias J, Paquin-Proulx D, Eller LA, Schuetz A, Phuang-Ngern Y, Krebs SJ, Slike BM, Kibuuka H, Maganga L, Nitayaphan S, Kosgei J, Sacdalan C, Ananworanich J, Bolton DL, Michael NL, Shacklett BL, Robb ML, Eller MA, Sandberg JK. Dynamic MAIT cell response with progressively enhanced innateness during acute HIV-1 infection. Nat Commun 2020; 11:272. [PMID: 31937782 PMCID: PMC6959336 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-13975-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cell loss in chronic HIV-1 infection is a significant insult to antimicrobial immune defenses. Here we investigate the response of MAIT cells during acute HIV-1 infection utilizing the RV217 cohort with paired longitudinal pre- and post-infection samples. MAIT cells are activated and expand in blood and mucosa coincident with peak HIV-1 viremia, in a manner associated with emerging microbial translocation. This is followed by a phase with elevated function as viral replication is controlled to a set-point level, and later by their functional decline at the onset of chronic infection. Interestingly, enhanced innate-like pathways and characteristics develop progressively in MAIT cells during infection, in parallel with TCR repertoire alterations. These findings delineate the dynamic MAIT cell response to acute HIV-1 infection, and show how the MAIT compartment initially responds and expands with enhanced function, followed by progressive reprogramming away from TCR-dependent antibacterial responses towards innate-like functionality. Here, using longitudinal pre- and post-infection samples from the RV217 Early Capture HIV Cohort Study, the authors show that mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells become activated and expand during the early acute phase of HIV infection, with subsequent reprogramming towards innate-like functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri G Lal
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dohoon Kim
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Margaret C Costanzo
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Matthew Creegan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Edwin Leeansyah
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.,Program in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Joana Dias
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dominic Paquin-Proulx
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leigh Anne Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Alexandra Schuetz
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yuwadee Phuang-Ngern
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Hannah Kibuuka
- Makerere University Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda
| | - Lucas Maganga
- National Institute for Medical Research-Mbeya Medical Research Center, Mbeya, Tanzania
| | - Sorachai Nitayaphan
- Royal Thai Army Component, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Josphat Kosgei
- Kenya Medical Research Institute/U.S. Army Medical Research Directorate-Africa/Kenya, Kericho, Kenya
| | - Carlo Sacdalan
- SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA.,SEARCH, The Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Diane L Bolton
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nelson L Michael
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA
| | - Barbara L Shacklett
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Merlin L Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michael A Eller
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Johan K Sandberg
- Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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15
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Hellmuth J, Slike BM, Sacdalan C, Best J, Kroon E, Phanuphak N, Fletcher JLK, Prueksakaew P, Jagodzinski LL, Valcour V, Robb M, Ananworanich J, Allen IE, Krebs SJ, Spudich S. Very Early Initiation of Antiretroviral Therapy During Acute HIV Infection Is Associated With Normalized Levels of Immune Activation Markers in Cerebrospinal Fluid but Not in Plasma. J Infect Dis 2019; 220:1885-1891. [PMID: 30668739 PMCID: PMC6833977 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiz030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic immune activation in the blood and central nervous system is a consequence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection that contributes to disease morbidity and can occur despite virally suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). The trajectory of HIV-related inflammation may vary with the timing of ART initiation. We examined immune activation markers in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood specimens collected over 96 weeks from participants who initiated ART during acute HIV infection (AHI). METHODS RV254/SEARCH010 study participants with AHI underwent CSF (n = 89) and plasma (n = 146) sampling before initiating ART and at weeks 24 and 96 of treatment. A majority participants (64.4%) received a standard ART regimen (hereafter, "standard ART"), with some (34.7%) also receiving maraviroc and raltegravir for the first 24 weeks (hereafter, "ART plus"). We compared neopterin, CXCL10, CCL2, and interleukin 6 (IL-6) levels in the AHI group to those in 18 healthy, uninfected controls. RESULTS Following 24 and 96 weeks of treatment, levels of all CSF markers normalized while levels of several plasma markers remained elevated in the AHI group (P < .001). Participants receiving the ART-plus regimen had lower median plasma CCL2 levels at week 24 and lower plasma neopterin levels at week 96. CONCLUSIONS ART initiation during AHI differentially impacts the brain compartment, with markers of inflammation returning to normal levels in the CSF, where they were sustained at week 96, but not in plasma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Hellmuth
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Carlo Sacdalan
- SEARCH Subunit, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Center, Bangkok
| | - John Best
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Eugene Kroon
- SEARCH Subunit, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Center, Bangkok
| | | | | | | | - Linda L Jagodzinski
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
| | - Victor Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Merlin Robb
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
- SEARCH Subunit, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Center, Bangkok
- Department of Global Health, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Isabel E Allen
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of California, San Francisco
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
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16
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Crowell TA, Colby DJ, Pinyakorn S, Fletcher JLK, Kroon E, Schuetz A, Krebs SJ, Slike BM, Leyre L, Chomont N, Jagodzinski LL, Sereti I, Utay NS, Dewar R, Rerknimitr R, Chomchey N, Trichavaroj R, Valcour VG, Spudich S, Michael NL, Robb ML, Phanuphak N, Ananworanich J. Acute Retroviral Syndrome Is Associated With High Viral Burden, CD4 Depletion, and Immune Activation in Systemic and Tissue Compartments. Clin Infect Dis 2019; 66:1540-1549. [PMID: 29228130 DOI: 10.1093/cid/cix1063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Many individuals with acute human immunodeficiency virus infection (AHI) experience acute retroviral syndrome (ARS), which is associated with adverse long-term clinical outcomes. Methods Participants presenting for voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing were enrolled during AHI in Bangkok, Thailand. ARS was defined by ≥3 qualifying signs/symptoms. HIV burden, immunophenotypes, and biomarkers were stratified by ARS diagnosis at enrollment and after up to 96 weeks of antiretroviral therapy (ART). Results From 212382 samples screened, 430 participants were enrolled during AHI, including 335 (78%) with ARS. Median age was 26 years and 416 (97%) were men. Sixty (14%) underwent sigmoid biopsy and 105 (24%) underwent lumbar puncture during AHI. Common symptoms included fever (93%), fatigue (79%), pharyngitis (67%), and headache (64%). Compared to those without ARS, participants with ARS were in later Fiebig stages with higher HIV RNA in blood, colon, and cerebrospinal fluid; higher total HIV DNA in blood; CD4 depletion in blood and colon; and elevated plasma tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), C-reactive protein, and D-dimer (all P < .05). Subgroup analyses of Fiebig I/II participants (95 with ARS, 69 without) demonstrated similar findings. After 96 weeks of ART, TNF-α and interleukin 6 were elevated in the ARS group (P < .05) but other biomarkers equilibrated. Conclusions ARS was associated with high viral burden, CD4 depletion, and immune activation across multiple body compartments during AHI and prior to ART. Persistent inflammation despite suppressive ART could contribute to increased morbidity in individuals who experience ARS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trevor A Crowell
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Donn J Colby
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suteeraporn Pinyakorn
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Eugène Kroon
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Alexandra Schuetz
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland.,Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Louise Leyre
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Centre de Recherche du CHUM and Department of Microbiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Université de Montréal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Linda L Jagodzinski
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Irini Sereti
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Netanya S Utay
- Department of Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Maryland
| | - Robin Dewar
- Virus Isolation and Serological Laboratory, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Maryland
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nitiya Chomchey
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Rapee Trichavaroj
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Victor G Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Serena Spudich
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Nelson L Michael
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring
| | - Merlin L Robb
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | | | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland.,SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Global Health, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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17
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D'Antoni ML, Byron MM, Chan P, Sailasuta N, Sacdalan C, Sithinamsuwan P, Tipsuk S, Pinyakorn S, Kroon E, Slike BM, Krebs SJ, Khadka VS, Chalermchai T, Kallianpur KJ, Robb M, Spudich S, Valcour V, Ananworanich J, Ndhlovu LC. Normalization of Soluble CD163 Levels After Institution of Antiretroviral Therapy During Acute HIV Infection Tracks with Fewer Neurological Abnormalities. J Infect Dis 2019; 218:1453-1463. [PMID: 29868826 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiy337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myeloid activation contributes to cognitive impairment in chronic human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We explored whether combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) initiation during acute HIV infection impacts CD163 shedding, a myeloid activation marker, and in turn, implications on the central nervous system (CNS). Methods We measured soluble CD163 (sCD163) levels in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in Thais who initiated cART during acute HIV infection (Fiebig stages I-IV). Examination of CNS involvement included neuropsychological testing and analysis of brain metabolites by magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Chronic HIV-infected or uninfected Thais served as controls. Results We examined 51 adults with acute HIV infection (Fiebig stages I-III; male sex, >90%; age, 31 years). sCD163 levels before and after cART in Fiebig stage I/II were comparable to those in uninfected controls (plasma levels, 97.9 and 93.6 ng/mL, respectively, vs 99.5 ng/mL; CSF levels, 6.7 and 6.4 ng/mL, respectively, vs 7.1 ng/mL). In Fiebig stage III, sCD163 levels were elevated before cART as compared to those in uninfected controls (plasma levels, 135 ng/mL; CSF levels, 10 ng/mL; P < .01 for both comparisons) before normalization after cART (plasma levels, 90.1 ng/mL; CSF levels, 6.5 ng/mL). Before cART, higher sCD163 levels during Fiebig stage III correlated with poor CNS measures (eg, decreased N-acetylaspartate levels), but paradoxically, during Fiebig stage I/II, this association was linked with favorable CNS outcomes (eg, higher neuropsychological test scores). After cART initiation, higher sCD163 levels during Fiebig stage III were associated with negative CNS indices (eg, worse neuropsychological test scores). Conclusion Initiation of cART early during acute HIV infection (ie, during Fiebig stage I/II) may decrease inflammation, preventing shedding of CD163, which in turn might lower the risk of brain injury.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Phillip Chan
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Napapon Sailasuta
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Carlo Sacdalan
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Somporn Tipsuk
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suteeraporn Pinyakorn
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Eugene Kroon
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Bonnie M Slike
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Shelly J Krebs
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Vedbar S Khadka
- Office of Biostatistics and Quantitative Health Sciences, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | | | - Kalpana J Kallianpur
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Hawai'i Center for AIDS, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Merlin Robb
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Serena Spudich
- Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut
| | - Victor Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland.,SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand.,University of Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Lishomwa C Ndhlovu
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii.,Hawai'i Center for AIDS, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, Hawaii
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18
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Eller MA, Creegan M, Hong T, Nau M, Slike BM, Krebs SJ, McElrath MJ, Katabira ET, Michael NL, Robb ML, Tovanabutra S, Baeten JM, Sandberg JK. The CD38+ HLA-DR+ PD-1+ CD4 T cell population represents a short-lived part of the viral reservoir and predicts poor immunologic recovery upon initiation of ART. The Journal of Immunology 2017. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.198.supp.78.28] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
The activated PD-1+ CD4 T cell population is associated with disease progression in untreated HIV-1 infection, and with residual viral replication in individuals on ART. Few studies have examined cell associated viral load (CAVL) in phenotypically different activated CD4 T cell populations to define the HIV reservoir. We followed 32 HIV-1 chronically infected individuals, from Kampala, Uganda, and determined their CD4 T cell counts, and viral load at baseline, 6, and 12 months after the initiation of ART. Peripheral blood T cell populations were sorted based on activation profiles and gag DNA was measured to determine CAVL within these populations. Soluble inflammatory factors were measured in plasma using a multiplexed platform. The median HIV-1 viral load declined from 95,315 copies/ml at baseline to below detection for all patients after 12 months of ART, whereas CD4 T cells counts averaged 204 cells/μl at baseline and increased to 373 cells/μl by month 12. Median levels of the activated PD-1+ CD4 T cell population contracted from 4.5% of CD4 T cells at baseline to 2.3% of CD4 T cells after 12 months of ART. Baseline levels of activated PD-1+ CD4 T cells positively correlated with plasma levels of IP-10 (R2=0.362, P<0.001) and TNFRII (R2=0.237, P=0.006). Higher baseline level of activated PD-1 positive CD4 T cells was associated with poorer CD4 T cell recovery after 12 months of ART (R2=0.240, P=0.039). CAVL was similar within the activated PD-1+ CD4 T cell population as other CD4 populations at baseline, but significantly lower after 12 months of ART compared to baseline. Taken together, the activated PD-1+ CD4 T cell population is a short-lived component of the viral reservoir and high levels of these cells predict poor immunologic recovery on ART.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Eller
- 1U.S. Military HIV Research Program
- 2The Henry M. Jackson Foundation
| | - Matthew Creegan
- 1U.S. Military HIV Research Program
- 2The Henry M. Jackson Foundation
| | - Ting Hong
- 3University of Washington School of Public Health
| | - Marty Nau
- 1U.S. Military HIV Research Program
- 2The Henry M. Jackson Foundation
| | - Bonnie M. Slike
- 1U.S. Military HIV Research Program
- 2The Henry M. Jackson Foundation
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- 1U.S. Military HIV Research Program
- 2The Henry M. Jackson Foundation
| | | | | | | | - Merlin L. Robb
- 1U.S. Military HIV Research Program
- 2The Henry M. Jackson Foundation
| | | | | | - Johan K. Sandberg
- 6Center for Infectious Medicine, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
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19
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Slike BM, Creegan M, Marovich M, Ngauy V. Humoral Immunity to Primary Smallpox Vaccination: Impact of Childhood versus Adult Immunization on Vaccinia Vector Vaccine Development in Military Populations. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0169247. [PMID: 28046039 PMCID: PMC5207489 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0169247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Modified Vaccinia virus has been shown to be a safe and immunogenic vector platform for delivery of HIV vaccines. Use of this vector is of particular importance to the military, with the implementation of a large scale smallpox vaccination campaign in 2002 in active duty and key civilian personnel in response to potential bioterrorist activities. Humoral immunity to smallpox vaccination was previously shown to be long lasting (up to 75 years) and protective. However, using vaccinia-vectored vaccine delivery for other diseases on a background of anti-vector antibodies (i.e. pre-existing immunity) may limit their use as a vaccine platform, especially in the military. In this pilot study, we examined the durability of vaccinia antibody responses in adult primary vaccinees in a healthy military population using a standard ELISA assay and a novel dendritic cell neutralization assay. We found binding and neutralizing antibody (NAb) responses to vaccinia waned after 5–10 years in a group of 475 active duty military, born after 1972, who were vaccinated as adults with Dryvax®. These responses decreased from a geometric mean titer (GMT) of 250 to baseline (<20) after 10–20 years post vaccination. This contrasted with a comparator group of adults, ages 35–49, who were vaccinated with Dryvax® as children. In the childhood vaccinees, titers persisted for >30 years with a GMT of 210 (range 112–3234). This data suggests limited durability of antibody responses in adult vaccinees compared to those vaccinated in childhood and further that adult vaccinia recipients may benefit similarly from receipt of a vaccinia based vaccine as those who are vaccinia naïve. Our findings may have implications for the smallpox vaccination schedule and support the ongoing development of this promising viral vector in a military vaccination program.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bonnie M. Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- The Henry M. Jackson for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Matthew Creegan
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Silver Spring, Maryland, United States of America
- The Henry M. Jackson for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Mary Marovich
- Division of AIDS, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Bethesda, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Viseth Ngauy
- Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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20
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Ndhlovu LC, D'Antoni ML, Ananworanich J, Byron MM, Chalermchai T, Sithinamsuwan P, Tipsuk S, Ho E, Slike BM, Schuetz A, Zhang G, Agsalda-Garcia M, Shiramizu B, Shikuma CM, Valcour V. Loss of CCR2 expressing non-classical monocytes are associated with cognitive impairment in antiretroviral therapy-naïve HIV-infected Thais. J Neuroimmunol 2015; 288:25-33. [PMID: 26531691 DOI: 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2015] [Revised: 08/18/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
HIV DNA in monocytes has been linked to HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND), however, characterization of monocyte subsets associated with HAND remains unclear. We completed a prospective study of antiretroviral therapy-naïve, HIV-infected Thais, with varying degrees of cognitive impairment, compared to HIV-uninfected controls. Monocyte subsets' CCR2, CCR5 and CD163 expression were profiled and inflammatory markers in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), measured. Lower numbers of CCR2(+)non-classical monocytes were associated with worse neuropsychological test performance (r=0.43, p=0.024). CCR2(+)non-classical monocyte count inversely correlated with CSF neopterin (r=-0.43, p=0.035) and plasma TNF-α levels (r=-0.40, p=0.041). These data benchmark CCR2(+)non-classical monocytes as an independent index of cognitive impairment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lishomwa C Ndhlovu
- Hawai'i Center for AIDS.,Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology
| | - Michelle L D'Antoni
- Hawai'i Center for AIDS.,Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology
| | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- SEARCH.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Margaret Byron
- Hawai'i Center for AIDS.,Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology
| | - Thep Chalermchai
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology
| | | | - Somporn Tipsuk
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology
| | | | - Bonnie M Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.,Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Alexandra Schuetz
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, Maryland, USA.,Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Guangxiang Zhang
- Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology.,Biostatistics and Data Management Core, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawai'i, Honolulu, HI, USA
| | - Melissa Agsalda-Garcia
- Hawai'i Center for AIDS.,Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology
| | - Bruce Shiramizu
- Hawai'i Center for AIDS.,Department of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology
| | | | - Victor Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
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21
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Crowell T, Fletcher JL, Kroon E, Pinyakorn S, Schuetz A, Sereti I, Krebs SJ, Slike BM, Chomont N, Jagodzinski LL, Sandler N, Dewar R, Rerknimitr R, Rattanamanee S, Trichavaroj R, Valcour VG, Spudich S, Robb ML, Kim JH, Michael NL, Phanuphak N, Ananworanich J. 641Acute Retroviral Syndrome is Associated with Gut Mucosal CD4 Depletion, Inflammation and High Viral and Proviral Burden in Systemic and Tissue Compartments. Open Forum Infect Dis 2014. [PMCID: PMC5781688 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofu051.86] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Trevor Crowell
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD
| | | | - Eugene Kroon
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Alexandra Schuetz
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Irini Sereti
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Shelly J. Krebs
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bonnie M. Slike
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD
| | - Nicolas Chomont
- Vaccine and Gene Therapy Institute of Florida, Port St. Lucie, FL
| | - Linda L. Jagodzinski
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD
| | - Netanya Sandler
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
| | - Robin Dewar
- Virus Isolation and Serological Lab, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD
| | - Rungsun Rerknimitr
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Rapee Trichavaroj
- Department of Retrovirology, Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences – United States Component, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Victor G. Valcour
- Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA
| | - Serena Spudich
- Department of Neurology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT
| | - Merlin L. Robb
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jerome H. Kim
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
| | - Nelson L. Michael
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
| | | | - Jintanat Ananworanich
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Silver Spring, MD
- Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Bethesda, MD
- SEARCH, Thai Red Cross AIDS Research Centre, Bangkok, Thailand
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22
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Valcour VG, Ananworanich J, Agsalda M, Sailasuta N, Chalermchai T, Schuetz A, Shikuma C, Liang CY, Jirajariyavej S, Sithinamsuwan P, Tipsuk S, Clifford DB, Paul R, Fletcher JLK, Marovich MA, Slike BM, DeGruttola V, Shiramizu B. HIV DNA reservoir increases risk for cognitive disorders in cART-naïve patients. PLoS One 2013; 8:e70164. [PMID: 23936155 PMCID: PMC3729685 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0070164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 06/15/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Cognitive impairment remains frequent in HIV, despite combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). Leading theories implicate peripheral monocyte HIV DNA reservoirs as a mechanism for spread of the virus to the brain. These reservoirs remain present despite cART. The objective of this study was to determine if the level of HIV DNA in CD14+ enriched monocytes predicted cognitive impairment and brain injury. Methods We enrolled 61 cART-naïve HIV-infected Thais in a prospective study and measured HIV DNA in CD14+ enriched monocyte samples in a blinded fashion. We determined HAND diagnoses by consensus panel and all participants underwent magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) to measure markers of brain injury. Immune activation was measured via cytokines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Results The mean (SD) age was 35 (6.9) years, CD4 T-lymphocyte count was 236 (139) and log10 plasma HIV RNA was 4.8 (0.73). Twenty-eight of 61 met HAND criteria. The log10 CD14+ HIV DNA was associated with HAND in unadjusted and adjusted models (p = 0.001). There was a 14.5 increased odds ratio for HAND per 1 log-value of HIV DNA (10-fold increase in copy number). Plasma CD14+ HIV DNA was associated with plasma and CSF neopterin (p = 0.023) and with MRS markers of neuronal injury (lower N-acetyl aspartate) and glial dysfunction (higher myoinositol) in multiple brain regions. Interpretation Reservoir burden of HIV DNA in monocyte-enriched (CD14+) peripheral blood cells increases risk for HAND in treatment-naïve HIV+ subjects and is directly associated with CSF immune activation and both brain injury and glial dysfunction by MRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor G Valcour
- Memory and Aging Center, Department of Neurology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA.
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23
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Boonnak K, Slike BM, Donofrio GC, Marovich MA. Human FcγRII cytoplasmic domains differentially influence antibody-mediated dengue virus infection. J Immunol 2013; 190:5659-65. [PMID: 23616574 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1203052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Ab-dependent enhancement (ADE) of dengue virus (DENV) infection is mediated through the interaction of viral immune complexes with FcγRs, with notable efficiency of FcγRII. Most human dengue target cells coexpress activating (FcγRIIa) and inhibitory (FcγRIIb) isoforms, but their relative roles in ADE are not well understood. We studied the effects of FcγRIIa and FcγRIIb by transfecting cells to express each individual receptor isoform or through coexpression of both isoforms. We showed that although both isoforms similarly bind dengue-immune complexes, FcγRIIa efficiently internalized virus leading to productive cellular infection, unlike FcγRIIb. We next focused on the main discriminating feature of these isoforms: their distinct intracytoplasmic tails (FcγRIIa with an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif [ITAM] and FcγRIIb with an immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif [ITIM]). We engineered cells to express "swapped" versions of their FcγRII by switching the cytoplasmic tails containing the ITAM/ITIM motifs, leaving the remainder of the receptor intact. Our data show that both FcγRIIa and FcγRIIb comparably bind dengue immune complexes. However, wild type FcγRIIa facilitates DENV entry by virtue of the ITAM motif, whereas the swapped version FcγRIIa-ITIM significantly inhibited ADE. Similarly, replacing the inhibitory motif in FcγRIIb with an ITAM (FcγRIIb-ITAM) reconstituted ADE capacity to levels of the wild type activating counterpart, FcγRIIa. Our data suggest that FcγRIIa and FcγRIIb isoforms, as the most abundantly distributed class II Fcγ receptors, differentially influence Ab-mediated DENV infection under ADE conditions both at the level of cellular infection and viral production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kobporn Boonnak
- Division of Retrovirology, Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.
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24
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Slike BM, Tassaneetrithep B, Nitayaphan S, Rono K, Sanga E, Sekiziyivu A, Stablein D, Eller L, Eller MA, Kim J, Michael N, Robb M, Marovich M. Early immune events during acute HIV infection. Retrovirology 2012. [PMCID: PMC3441840 DOI: 10.1186/1742-4690-9-s2-p181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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25
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Yang XL, Kapoor M, Otero FJ, Slike BM, Tsuruta H, Frausto R, Bates A, Ewalt KL, Cheresh DA, Schimmel P. Gain-of-function mutational activation of human tRNA synthetase procytokine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 14:1323-33. [PMID: 18096501 DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2007.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2007] [Revised: 09/19/2007] [Accepted: 10/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Disease-causing mutations occur in genes for aminoacyl tRNA synthetases. That some mutations are dominant suggests a gain of function. Native tRNA synthetases, such as tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase, catalyze aminoacylation and are also procytokines that are activated by natural fragmentation. In principle, however, gain-of-function phenotypes could arise from mutational activation of synthetase procytokines. From crystal structure analysis, we hypothesized that a steric block of a critical Glu-Leu-Arg (ELR) motif in full-length TyrRS suppresses the cytokine activity of a natural fragment. To test this hypothesis, we attempted to uncover ELR in the procytokine by mutating a conserved tyrosine (Y341) that tethers ELR. Site-specific proteolytic cleavage and small-angle X-ray scattering established subtle opening of the structure by the mutation. Strikingly, four different assays demonstrated mutational activation of cytokine functions. The results prove the possibilities for constitutive gain-of-function mutations in tRNA synthetases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang-Lei Yang
- Department of Molecular Biology and Chemistry and the Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
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26
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Zhang X, Cassis-Ghavami F, Eller M, Currier J, Slike BM, Chen X, Tartaglia J, Marovich M, Spearman P. Direct comparison of antigen production and induction of apoptosis by canarypox virus- and modified vaccinia virus ankara-human immunodeficiency virus vaccine vectors. J Virol 2007; 81:7022-33. [PMID: 17409140 PMCID: PMC1933324 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.02654-06] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Recombinant poxvirus vectors are undergoing intensive evaluation as vaccine candidates for a variety of infectious pathogens. Avipoxviruses, such as canarypox virus, are replication deficient in mammalian cells by virtue of a poorly understood species-specific restriction. Highly attenuated vaccinia virus strains such as modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA) are similarly unable to complete replication in most mammalian cells but have an abortive-late phenotype, in that the block to replication occurs post-virus-specific DNA replication. In this study, an identical expression cassette for human immunodeficiency virus gag, pro, and env coding sequences was placed in canarypox virus and MVA vector backbones in order to directly compare vector-borne expression and to analyze differences in vector-host cell interactions. Antigen production by recombinant MVA was shown to be greater than that from recombinant canarypox virus in the mammalian cell lines and in the primary human cells tested. This observation was primarily due to a longer duration of antigen production in recombinant MVA-infected cells. Apoptosis induction was found to be more profound with the empty canarypox virus vector than with MVA. Remarkably, however, the inclusion of a gag/pro/env expression cassette altered the kinetics of apoptosis induction in recombinant MVA-infected cells to levels equal to those found in canarypox virus-infected cells. Antigen production by MVA was noted to be greater in human dendritic cells and resulted in enhanced T-cell stimulation in an in vitro antigen presentation assay. These results reveal differences in poxvirus vector-host cell interactions that should be relevant to their use as immunization vehicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiugen Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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27
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Abstract
The first step of protein synthesis is catalyzed by aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. In addition, certain mammalian tRNA synthetases link protein synthesis to cytokine signaling pathways. In particular, human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) can be split by proteolysis into two fragments having distinct cytokine activities. One of the TyrRS fragments (mini TyrRS) contains features identical to those in CXC chemokines (like interleukin-8) that also act as angiogenic factors. Here mini TyrRS (but not full-length TyrRS) is shown to stimulate chemotaxis of endothelial cells in vitro and stimulate angiogenesis in each of two in vivo animal models. The angiogenic activity of mini TyrRS can be opposed by anti-angiogenic chemokines like IP-10. Thus, a biological fragment of human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase links protein synthesis to regulation of angiogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Wakasugi
- Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Chemistry, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA
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Wakasugi K, Slike BM, Hood J, Otani A, Ewalt KL, Friedlander M, Cheresh DA, Schimmel P. A human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase as a regulator of angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:173-7. [PMID: 11773626 PMCID: PMC117534 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.012602099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 222] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the first step of protein synthesis. It was shown recently that human tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase (TyrRS) can be split into two fragments having distinct cytokine activities, thereby linking protein synthesis to cytokine signaling pathways. Tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase (TrpRS) is a close homologue of TyrRS. A natural fragment, herein designated as mini TrpRS, was shown by others to be produced by alternative splicing. Production of this fragment is reported to be stimulated by IFN-gamma, a cytokine that also stimulates production of angiostatic factors. Mini TrpRS is shown here to be angiostatic in a mammalian cell culture system, the chicken embryo, and two independent angiogenesis assays in the mouse. The full-length enzyme is inactive in the same assays. Thus, protein synthesis may be linked to the regulation of angiogenesis by a natural fragment of TrpRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keisuke Wakasugi
- The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology and Department of Molecular Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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Otani A, Slike BM, Dorrell MI, Hood J, Kinder K, Ewalt KL, Cheresh D, Schimmel P, Friedlander M. A fragment of human TrpRS as a potent antagonist of ocular angiogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2002; 99:178-83. [PMID: 11773625 PMCID: PMC117535 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.012601899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological angiogenesis contributes directly to profound loss of vision associated with many diseases of the eye. Recent work suggests that human tyrosyl- and tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetases (TrpRS) link protein synthesis to signal transduction pathways including angiogenesis. In this study, we show that a recombinant form of a COOH-terminal fragment of TrpRS is a potent antagonist of vascular endothelial growth factor-induced angiogenesis in a mouse model and of naturally occurring retinal angiogenesis in the neonatal mouse. The angiostatic activity is dose-dependent in both systems. The recombinant fragment is similar in size to one generated naturally by alternative splicing and can be produced by proteolysis of the full-length protein. In contrast, the full-length protein is inactive as an antagonist of angiogenesis. These results suggest that fragments of TrpRS, as naturally occurring and potentially nonimmunogenic anti-angiogenics, can be used for the treatment of neovascular eye diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsushi Otani
- Department of Cell Biology, The Skaggs Institute for Chemical Biology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA
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