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Di Y, Zhao S, Fan H, Li W, Jiang G, Wang Y, Li C, Wang W, Wang J. Mass Production of Rg1-Loaded Small Extracellular Vesicles Using a 3D Bioreactor System for Enhanced Cardioprotective Efficacy of Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:593. [PMID: 38794255 PMCID: PMC11126075 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16050593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) obtained from human umbilical cord mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have shown cardioprotective efficacy in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity (DIC). However, their clinical application is limited due to the low yield and high consumption. This study aims to achieve large-scale production of sEVs using a three-dimensional (3D) bioreactor system. In addition, sEVs were developed to deliver Ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1), a compound derived from traditional Chinese medicine, Ginseng, that has cardioprotective properties but limited bioavailability, to enhance the treatment of DIC. METHODS The 3D bioreactor system with spinner flasks was used to expand human umbilical cord MSCs and collect MSC-conditioned medium. Subsequently, sEVs were isolated from the conditioned medium using differential ultra-centrifugation (dUC). The sEVs were loaded with Ginsenoside Rg1 by electroporation and evaluated for cardioprotective efficacy using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) analysis, Annexin V/PI staining and live cell count of H9c2 cells under DIC. RESULTS Using the 3D bioreactor system with spinner flasks, the expansion of MSCs reached ~600 million, and the production of sEVs was up to 2.2 × 1012 particles in five days with significantly reduced bench work compared to traditional 2D flasks. With the optimized protocol, the Ginsenoside Rg1 loading efficiency of sEVs by electroporation was ~21%, higher than sonication or co-incubation. Moreover, Rg1-loaded sEVs had attenuated DOX-induced cardiotoxicity with reduced apoptosis compared to free Ginsenoside Rg1 or sEVs. CONCLUSIONS The 3D culture system scaled up the production of sEVs, which facilitated the Rg1 delivery and attenuated cardiomyocyte apoptosis, suggesting a potential treatment of DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Di
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China (G.J.)
| | - Shuang Zhao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China (G.J.)
| | - Huilan Fan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China (G.J.)
| | - Wei Li
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China (G.J.)
| | - Guangjian Jiang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China (G.J.)
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Yong Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China (G.J.)
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China;
| | - Chun Li
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China;
- Modern Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Key Laboratory of TCM Syndrome and Formula, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100029, China;
- State Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China (G.J.)
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Jia K, You J, Zhu Y, Li M, Chen S, Ren S, Chen S, Zhang J, Wang H, Zhou Y. Platelet-rich fibrin as an autologous biomaterial for bone regeneration: mechanisms, applications, optimization. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2024; 12:1286035. [PMID: 38689760 PMCID: PMC11058865 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1286035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich fibrin, a classical autologous-derived bioactive material, consists of a fibrin scaffold and its internal loading of growth factors, platelets, and leukocytes, with the gradual degradation of the fibrin scaffold and the slow release of physiological doses of growth factors. PRF promotes vascular regeneration, promotes the proliferation and migration of osteoblast-related cells such as mesenchymal cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts while having certain immunomodulatory and anti-bacterial effects. PRF has excellent osteogenic potential and has been widely used in the field of bone tissue engineering and dentistry. However, there are still some limitations of PRF, and the improvement of its biological properties is one of the most important issues to be solved. Therefore, it is often combined with bone tissue engineering scaffolds to enhance its mechanical properties and delay its degradation. In this paper, we present a systematic review of the development of platelet-rich derivatives, the structure and biological properties of PRF, osteogenic mechanisms, applications, and optimization to broaden their clinical applications and provide guidance for their clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Yanmin Zhou
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Tooth Development and Bone Remodeling, Hospital of Stomatology, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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Esmaeilzadeh A, Yeganeh PM, Nazari M, Esmaeilzadeh K. Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles: a new-generation nanostructured tool for chronic wound healing. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2024; 19:915-941. [PMID: 38445377 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic nonhealing wounds pose a serious challenge to regaining skin function and integrity. Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are nanostructured particles with the potential to promote wound healing since they can enhance neovascularization and cell migration and reduce inflammation and scarring. This work provides an innovative overview of the technical laboratory issues in PEV production, PEVs' role in chronic wound healing and the benefits and challenges in its clinical translation. The article also explores the challenges of proper sourcing, extraction techniques and storage conditions, and discusses the necessity of further evaluations and combinational therapeutics, including dressing biomaterials, M2-derived exosomes, mesenchymal stem cells-derived extracellular vesicles and microneedle technology, to boost their therapeutic efficacy as advanced strategies for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, 77978-45157, Iran
- Cancer Gene Therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, 77978-45157, Iran
| | | | - Mahdis Nazari
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, 77978-45157, Iran
| | - Kimia Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, 77978-45157, Iran
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Amin S, Massoumi H, Tewari D, Roy A, Chaudhuri M, Jazayerli C, Krishan A, Singh M, Soleimani M, Karaca EE, Mirzaei A, Guaiquil VH, Rosenblatt MI, Djalilian AR, Jalilian E. Cell Type-Specific Extracellular Vesicles and Their Impact on Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2730. [PMID: 38473976 PMCID: PMC10931654 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), a diverse group of cell-derived exocytosed particles, are pivotal in mediating intercellular communication due to their ability to selectively transfer biomolecules to specific cell types. EVs, composed of proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids, are taken up by cells to affect a variety of signaling cascades. Research in the field has primarily focused on stem cell-derived EVs, with a particular focus on mesenchymal stem cells, for their potential therapeutic benefits. Recently, tissue-specific EVs or cell type-specific extracellular vesicles (CTS-EVs), have garnered attention for their unique biogenesis and molecular composition because they enable highly targeted cell-specific communication. Various studies have outlined the roles that CTS-EVs play in the signaling for physiological function and the maintenance of homeostasis, including immune modulation, tissue regeneration, and organ development. These properties are also exploited for disease propagation, such as in cancer, neurological disorders, infectious diseases, autoimmune conditions, and more. The insights gained from analyzing CTS-EVs in different biological roles not only enhance our understanding of intercellular signaling and disease pathogenesis but also open new avenues for innovative diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for a wide spectrum of medical conditions. This review comprehensively outlines the current understanding of CTS-EV origins, function within normal physiology, and implications in diseased states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohil Amin
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Hamed Massoumi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
| | - Deepshikha Tewari
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Arnab Roy
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Madhurima Chaudhuri
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Cedra Jazayerli
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Abhi Krishan
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Mannat Singh
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Mohammad Soleimani
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Emine E. Karaca
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Arash Mirzaei
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Medical Sciences, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran 13366 16351, Iran;
| | - Victor H. Guaiquil
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Mark I. Rosenblatt
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Ali R. Djalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
| | - Elmira Jalilian
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA; (S.A.); (H.M.); (D.T.); (A.R.); (M.C.); (C.J.); (A.K.); (M.S.); (M.S.); (E.E.K.); (V.H.G.); (M.I.R.); (E.J.)
- Richard and Loan Hill Department of Bioengineering, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60607, USA
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Hirayu N, Takasu O. Exploring the Hemostatic Effects of Platelet Lysate-Derived Vesicles: Insights from Mouse Models. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1188. [PMID: 38256259 PMCID: PMC10816445 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25021188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/15/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Platelet transfusion has various challenges, and platelet-derived extracellular vesicles have been reported to have more significant procoagulant activity than platelets themselves. Furthermore, platelet products derived from platelet-rich plasma and platelet lysates (PLs) have gained attention for their physiological activity and potential role as drug delivery vehicles owing to the properties of their membranes. We aimed to investigate the characteristics of the fractions isolated through ultracentrifugation from mouse-washed PLs and assess the potential clinical applications of these fractions as a therapeutic approach for bleeding conditions. We prepared PLs from C57BL/6 mouse-washed platelets and isolated three different fractions (20K-vesicles, 100K-vesicles, and PLwo-vesicles) using ultracentrifugation. There was a notable difference in particle size distribution between 20K-vesicles and 100K-vesicles, particularly in terms of the most frequent diameter. The 20K-vesicles exhibited procoagulant activity with concentration dependence, whereas PLwo-vesicles exhibited anticoagulant activity. PLwo-vesicles did not exhibit thrombin generation capacity, and the addition of PLwo-vesicles to Microparticle Free Plasma extended the time to initiate thrombin generation by 20K-vesicles and decreased the peak thrombin value. In a tail-snip bleeding assay, pre-administration of 20K-vesicles significantly shortened bleeding time. PL-derived 20K-vesicles exhibited highly potent procoagulant activity, making them potential alternatives to platelet transfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuhisa Hirayu
- Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan;
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Walewska A, Janucik A, Tynecka M, Moniuszko M, Eljaszewicz A. Mesenchymal stem cells under epigenetic control - the role of epigenetic machinery in fate decision and functional properties. Cell Death Dis 2023; 14:720. [PMID: 37932257 PMCID: PMC10628230 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-023-06239-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 10/12/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (mesenchymal stromal cells, MSC) are multipotent stem cells that can differentiate into cells of at least three mesodermal lineages, namely adipocytes, osteoblasts, and chondrocytes, and have potent immunomodulatory properties. Epigenetic modifications are critical regulators of gene expression and cellular differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Epigenetic machinery controls MSC differentiation through direct modifications to DNA and histones. Understanding the role of epigenetic machinery in MSC is crucial for the development of effective cell-based therapies for degenerative and inflammatory diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of the role of epigenetic control of MSC differentiation and immunomodulatory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Walewska
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, 15-269, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Adrian Janucik
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, 15-269, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marlena Tynecka
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, 15-269, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Marcin Moniuszko
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, 15-269, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Regenerative Medicine and Immune Regulation, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-269, Bialystok, Poland
- Department of Allergology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. M. Sklodowskiej-Curie 24A, 15-276, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Andrzej Eljaszewicz
- Centre of Regenerative Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, ul. Waszyngtona 15B, 15-269, Bialystok, Poland.
- Tissue and Cell Bank, Medical University of Bialystok Clinical Hospital, ul. Waszyngtona 13, 15-069, Bialystok, Poland.
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Lin W, Lin Y, Chao H, Lin Y, Hwang W. Haematopoietic cell-derived exosomes in cancer development and therapeutics: From basic science to clinical practice. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1448. [PMID: 37830387 PMCID: PMC10571015 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The tumour microenvironment (TME) is a specialised niche involving intercellular communication among cancer cells and various host cells. Among the host cells, the quantity and quality of immune cells within the TME play essential roles in cancer development and management. The immunologically suppressive, so-called 'cold' TME established by a series of tumour-host interactions, including generating immunosuppressive cytokines and recruiting regulatory host immune cells, is associated with resistance to therapies and worse clinical outcomes. MAIN BODY Various therapeutic approaches have been used to target the cold TME, including immune checkpoint blockade therapy and adoptive T-cell transfer. A promising, less explored therapeutic strategy involves targeting TME-associated exosomes. Exosomes are nanometer-sized, extracellular vesicles that transfer material from donor to recipient cells. These particles can reprogram the recipient cells and modulate the TME. In particular, exosomes from haematopoietic cells are known to promote or suppress cancer progression under specific conditions. Understanding the effects of haematopoietic cell-secreted exosomes may foster the development of therapeutic exosomes (tExos) for personalised cancer treatment. However, the development of exosome-based therapies has unique challenges, including scalable production, purification, storage and delivery of exosomes and controlling batch variations. Clinical trials are being conducted to verify the safety, feasibility, availability and efficacy of tExos. CONCLUSION This review summarises our understanding of how haematopoietic cell-secreted exosomes regulate the TME and antitumour immunity and highlights present challenges and solutions for haematopoietic cell-derived exosome-based therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Chun Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - You‐Tong Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Hui‐Ching Chao
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
| | - Yen‐Yu Lin
- Department of Pathology, Fu Jen Catholic University HospitalFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
- School of Medicine, College of MedicineFu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei CityTaiwan
| | - Wei‐Lun Hwang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in MedicineNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
- Cancer and Immunology Research CenterNational Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipeiTaiwan
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Burnouf T, Chou ML, Lundy DJ, Chuang EY, Tseng CL, Goubran H. Expanding applications of allogeneic platelets, platelet lysates, and platelet extracellular vesicles in cell therapy, regenerative medicine, and targeted drug delivery. J Biomed Sci 2023; 30:79. [PMID: 37704991 PMCID: PMC10500824 DOI: 10.1186/s12929-023-00972-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets are small anucleated blood cells primarily known for their vital hemostatic role. Allogeneic platelet concentrates (PCs) collected from healthy donors are an essential cellular product transfused by hospitals to control or prevent bleeding in patients affected by thrombocytopenia or platelet dysfunctions. Platelets fulfill additional essential functions in innate and adaptive immunity and inflammation, as well as in wound-healing and tissue-repair mechanisms. Platelets contain mitochondria, lysosomes, dense granules, and alpha-granules, which collectively are a remarkable reservoir of multiple trophic factors, enzymes, and signaling molecules. In addition, platelets are prone to release in the blood circulation a unique set of extracellular vesicles (p-EVs), which carry a rich biomolecular cargo influential in cell-cell communications. The exceptional functional roles played by platelets and p-EVs explain the recent interest in exploring the use of allogeneic PCs as source material to develop new biotherapies that could address needs in cell therapy, regenerative medicine, and targeted drug delivery. Pooled human platelet lysates (HPLs) can be produced from allogeneic PCs that have reached their expiration date and are no longer suitable for transfusion but remain valuable source materials for other applications. These HPLs can substitute for fetal bovine serum as a clinical grade xeno-free supplement of growth media used in the in vitro expansion of human cells for transplantation purposes. The use of expired allogeneic platelet concentrates has opened the way for small-pool or large-pool allogeneic HPLs and HPL-derived p-EVs as biotherapy for ocular surface disorders, wound care and, potentially, neurodegenerative diseases, osteoarthritis, and others. Additionally, allogeneic platelets are now seen as a readily available source of cells and EVs that can be exploited for targeted drug delivery vehicles. This article aims to offer an in-depth update on emerging translational applications of allogeneic platelet biotherapies while also highlighting their advantages and limitations as a clinical modality in regenerative medicine and cell therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Burnouf
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan.
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
- International Ph.D. Program in Cell Therapy and Regenerative Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Li Chou
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Yang-Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - David J Lundy
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Er-Yuan Chuang
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Li Tseng
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, 250 Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 11031, Taiwan
- International Ph.D. Program in Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hadi Goubran
- Saskatoon Cancer Centre and College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Abstract
Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are a subset of EVs that are released from platelets, which are small nuclear cell fragments that play a critical role in hemostasis and thrombosis. PEVs have been shown to have important roles in a variety of physiological and pathological processes, including inflammation, angiogenesis, and cancer. Recently, researchers, including our group have utilized PEVs as drug delivery platforms as PEVs could target inflammatory sites both passively and actively. This review summarizes the biological function of PEVs, introduces recent applications of PEVs in targeted drug delivery, and provides an outlook for the further development of utilizing PEVs for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenlu Yao
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
| | - Chao Wang
- Laboratory for Biomaterial and ImmunoEngineering, Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, China.
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Santini D, Botticelli A, Galvano A, Iuliani M, Incorvaia L, Gristina V, Taffon C, Foderaro S, Paccagnella E, Simonetti S, Fazio F, Scagnoli S, Pomati G, Pantano F, Perrone G, De Falco E, Russo A, Spinelli GP. Network approach in liquidomics landscape. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2023; 42:193. [PMID: 37542343 PMCID: PMC10401883 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-023-02743-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue-based biopsy is the present main tool to explore the molecular landscape of cancer, but it also has many limits to be frequently executed, being too invasive with the risk of side effects. These limits and the ability of cancer to constantly evolve its genomic profile, have recently led to the need of a less invasive and more accurate alternative, such as liquid biopsy. By searching Circulating Tumor Cells and residues of their nucleic acids or other tumor products in body fluids, especially in blood, but also in urine, stools and saliva, liquid biopsy is becoming the future of clinical oncology. Despite the current lack of a standardization for its workflows, that makes it hard to be reproduced, liquid biopsy has already obtained promising results for cancer screening, diagnosis, prognosis, and risk of recurrence.Through a more accessible molecular profiling of tumors, it could become easier to identify biomarkers predictive of response to treatment, such as EGFR mutations in non-small cell lung cancer and KRAS mutations in colorectal cancer, or Microsatellite Instability and Mismatch Repair as predictive markers of pembrolizumab response.By monitoring circulating tumor DNA in longitudinal repeated sampling of blood we could also predict Minimal Residual Disease and the risk of recurrence in already radically resected patients.In this review we will discuss about the current knowledge of limitations and strengths of the different forms of liquid biopsies for its inclusion in normal cancer management, with a brief nod to their newest biomarkers and its future implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Santini
- Oncologia Medica A, Policlinico Umberto 1, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Botticelli
- Oncologia Medica A, Policlinico Umberto 1, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Galvano
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Michele Iuliani
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Selcetta, Italy
| | - Lorena Incorvaia
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valerio Gristina
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Chiara Taffon
- Anatomical Pathology Operative Research Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Simone Foderaro
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Selcetta, Italy
| | - Elisa Paccagnella
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.So Della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
| | - Sonia Simonetti
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Selcetta, Italy
| | - Federico Fazio
- UOC Oncologia Territoriale, Polo Pontino, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Latina, Italy.
| | - Simone Scagnoli
- Oncologia Medica A, Policlinico Umberto 1, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Pantano
- Medical Oncology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Selcetta, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Perrone
- Anatomical Pathology Operative Research Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Rome, Italy
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, Research Unit of Anatomical Pathology, Università Campus Bio-Medico Di Roma, Rome, Italy
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.So Della Repubblica 79, 04100, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonio Russo
- Section of Medical Oncology, Department of Surgical, Oncological and Oral Sciences, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Gian Paolo Spinelli
- UOC Oncologia Territoriale, Polo Pontino, La Sapienza Università Di Roma, Latina, Italy
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Palanisamy CP, Pei J, Alugoju P, Anthikapalli NVA, Jayaraman S, Veeraraghavan VP, Gopathy S, Roy JR, Janaki CS, Thalamati D, Mironescu M, Luo Q, Miao Y, Chai Y, Long Q. New strategies of neurodegenerative disease treatment with extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Theranostics 2023; 13:4138-4165. [PMID: 37554286 PMCID: PMC10405853 DOI: 10.7150/thno.83066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases are characterized by the progressive loss of neurons and intricate interactions between different cell types within the affected regions. Reliable biomarkers that can accurately reflect disease activity, diagnose, and monitor the progression of neurodegenerative diseases are crucial for the development of effective therapies. However, identifying suitable biomarkers has been challenging due to the heterogeneous nature of these diseases, affecting specific subsets of neurons in different brain regions. One promising approach for promoting brain regeneration and recovery involves the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). MSCs have demonstrated the ability to modulate the immune system, promote neurite outgrowth, stimulate angiogenesis, and repair damaged tissues, partially through the release of their extracellular vesicles (EVs). MSC-derived EVs retain some of the therapeutic characteristics of their parent MSCs, including their ability to regulate neurite outgrowth, promote angiogenesis, and facilitate tissue repair. This review aims to explore the potential of MSC-derived EVs as an emerging therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases, highlighting their role in modulating disease progression and promoting neuronal recovery. By elucidating the mechanisms by which MSC-derived EVs exert their therapeutic effects, we can advance our understanding and leverage their potential for the development of novel treatment approaches in the field of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chella Perumal Palanisamy
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - JinJin Pei
- Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, 2011 QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C, Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, College of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong 723001, China
| | - Phaniendra Alugoju
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | | | - Selvaraj Jayaraman
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Vishnu Priya Veeraraghavan
- Centre of Molecular Medicine and Diagnostics (COMManD), Department of Biochemistry, Saveetha Dental College & Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical & Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Sridevi Gopathy
- Department of Physiology, SRM Dental College, Ramapuram campus, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600089, India
| | - Jeane Rebecca Roy
- Department of Anatomy, Bhaarath Medical College and hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600073, India
| | - Coimbatore Sadagopan Janaki
- Department of Anatomy, Bhaarath Medical College and hospital, Bharath Institute of Higher Education and Research (BIHER), Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600073, India
| | | | - Monica Mironescu
- Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Food Industry and Environmental Protection, Lucian Blaga University of Sibiu, Bv. Victoriei 10, 550024 Sibiu, Romania
| | - Qiang Luo
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Yu Miao
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Yuan Chai
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
| | - Qianfa Long
- Mini-invasive Neurosurgery and Translational Medical Center, Xi'an Central Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, No. 161, West 5th Road, Xincheng District, Xi'an, 710003, PR China
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12
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Chaudhary PK, Kim S, Kim S. Shedding Light on the Cell Biology of Platelet-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Their Biomedical Applications. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1403. [PMID: 37374185 DOI: 10.3390/life13061403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
EVs are membranous subcellular structures originating from various cells, including platelets which consist of biomolecules that can modify the target cell's pathophysiological functions including inflammation, cell communication, coagulation, and metastasis. EVs, which are known to allow the transmission of a wide range of molecules between cells, are gaining popularity in the fields of subcellular treatment, regenerative medicine, and drug delivery. PEVs are the most abundant EVs in circulation, being produced by platelet activation, and are considered to have a significant role in coagulation. PEV cargo is extremely diverse, containing lipids, proteins, nucleic acids, and organelles depending on the condition that induced their release and can regulate a wide range of biological activities. PEVs, unlike platelets, can overcome tissue barriers, allowing platelet-derived contents to be transferred to target cells and organs that platelets cannot reach. Their isolation, characterization, and therapeutic efficacy, on the other hand, are poorly understood. This review summarizes the technical elements of PEV isolation and characterization methods as well as the pathophysiological role of PEVs, including therapeutic potential and translational possibility in diverse disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Kumari Chaudhary
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Platelet Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanggu Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Platelet Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Soochong Kim
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology and Platelet Signaling, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
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Remote Adipose Tissue-Derived Stromal Cells of Patients with Lung Adenocarcinoma Generate a Similar Malignant Microenvironment of the Lung Stromal Counterpart. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2023; 2023:1011063. [PMID: 36733673 PMCID: PMC9889152 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1011063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Cancer alters both local and distant tissue by influencing the microenvironment. In this regard, the interplay with the stromal fraction is considered critical as this latter can either foster or hamper the progression of the disease. Accordingly, the modality by which tumors may alter distant niches of stromal cells is still unclear, especially at early stages. In this short report, we attempt to better understand the biology of this cross-talk. In our "autologous stromal experimental setting," we found that remote adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (mediastinal AMSC) obtained from patients with lung adenocarcinoma sustain proliferation and clonogenic ability of A549 and human primary lung adenocarcinoma cells similarly to the autologous stromal lung counterpart (LMSC). This effect is not observed in lung benign diseases such as the hamartochondroma. This finding was validated by conditioning benign AMSC with supernatants from LAC for up to 21 days. The new reconditioned media of the stromal fraction so obtained, was able to increase cell proliferation of A549 cells at 14 and 21 days similar to that derived from AMSC of patients with lung adenocarcinoma. The secretome generated by remote AMSC revealed overlapping to the corresponding malignant microenvironment of the autologous local LMSC. Among the plethora of 80 soluble factors analyzed by arrays, a small pool of 5 upregulated molecules including IL1-β, IL-3, MCP-1, TNF-α, and EGF, was commonly shared by both malignant-like autologous A- and L-MSC derived microenvironments vs those benign. The bioinformatics analysis revealed that these proteins were strictly and functionally interconnected to lung fibrosis and proinflammation and that miR-126, 101, 486, and let-7-g were their main targets. Accordingly, we found that in lung cancer tissues and blood samples from the same set of patients here employed, miR-126 and miR-486 displayed the highest expression levels in tissue and blood, respectively. When the miR-126-3p was silenced in A549 treated with AMSC-derived conditioned media from patients with lung adenocarcinoma, cell proliferation decreased compared to control media.
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14
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Rosa P, De Falco E, Pacini L, Piazza A, Ciracì P, Ricciardi L, Fiorentino F, Trungu S, Miscusi M, Raco A, Calogero A. Next-Generation Sequencing Comparative Analysis of DNA Mutations between Blood-Derived Extracellular Vesicles and Matched Cancer Tissue in Patients with Grade 4 Glioblastoma. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10102590. [PMID: 36289852 PMCID: PMC9599233 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10102590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The biological heterogeneity of glioblastoma, IDH-wildtype (GBM, CNS WHO grade 4), the most aggressive type of brain cancer, is a critical hallmark, caused by changes in the genomic mutational asset and influencing clinical progression over time. The understanding and monitoring of the mutational profile is important not only to reveal novel therapeutic targets in this set of patients, but also to ameliorate the clinical stratification of subjects and the prognostic significance. As neurosurgery represents the primary technique to manage GBM, it is of utmost importance to optimize alternative and less invasive methods to monitor the dynamic mutation profile of these patients. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are included in the liquid biopsy analysis and have emerged as the biological mirror of escaping and surviving mechanisms by many tumors, including glioblastoma. Very few studies have investigated the technical feasibility to detect and analyze the genomic profile by Next-Generation Sequencing (UMI system) in circulating EVs of patients with grade IV glioblastoma. Here, we attempted to characterize and to compare the corresponding matched tissue samples and potential variants with pathogenic significance of the DNA contained in peripheral-blood-derived EVs. The NGS analysis has revealed that patients with grade IV glioblastoma exhibited lesser DNA content in EVs than controls and that, both in EVs and matched cancer tissues, the NF1 gene was consistently mutated in all patients, with the c.2568C>G as the most common pathogenic variant expressed. This study supports the clinical utility of circulating EVs in glioblastoma as an eligible tool for personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Rosa
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so Della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so Della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Naples, Italy
| | - Luca Pacini
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so Della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Amedeo Piazza
- Operative Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of NESMOS, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciracì
- Operative Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of NESMOS, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Luca Ricciardi
- Operative Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of NESMOS, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Francesco Fiorentino
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Sokol Trungu
- Operative Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of NESMOS, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- UO di Neurochirurgia, Azienda Ospedaliera Cardinal G. Panico, 73039 Tricase, Italy
| | - Massimo Miscusi
- Operative Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of NESMOS, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: (P.R.); (M.M.)
| | - Antonino Raco
- Operative Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of NESMOS, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Antonella Calogero
- Department of Medical-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, C.so Della Repubblica 79, 04100 Latina, Italy
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