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Toghraie FS, Bayat M, Hosseini MS, Ramezani A. Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells; mechanisms, functional significance, and targeting in cancer therapy. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2025; 48:559-590. [PMID: 39998754 PMCID: PMC12119771 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-025-01051-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/20/2025] [Indexed: 02/27/2025] Open
Abstract
Tumor-infiltrating myeloid cells (TIMs), which encompass tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), and tumor-associated dendritic cells (TADCs), are of great importance in tumor microenvironment (TME) and are integral to both pro- and anti-tumor immunity. Nevertheless, the phenotypic heterogeneity and functional plasticity of TIMs have posed challenges in fully understanding their complexity roles within the TME. Emerging evidence suggested that the presence of TIMs is frequently linked to prevention of cancer treatment and improvement of patient outcomes and survival. Given their pivotal function in the TME, TIMs have recently been recognized as critical targets for therapeutic approaches aimed at augmenting immunostimulatory myeloid cell populations while depleting or modifying those that are immunosuppressive. This review will explore the important properties of TIMs related to immunity, angiogenesis, and metastasis. We will also document the latest therapeutic strategies targeting TIMs in preclinical and clinical settings. Our objective is to illustrate the potential of TIMs as immunological targets that may improve the outcomes of existing cancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Toghraie
- Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of the Environment and Natural Sciences, Brandenburg University of Technology, Cottbus, Germany
| | - Maryam Bayat
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Mahsa Sadat Hosseini
- Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Amin Ramezani
- Shiraz Institute for Cancer Research, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Medical Sciences and Technologies, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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2
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Kwak JW, Houghton AM. Targeting neutrophils for cancer therapy. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2025:10.1038/s41573-025-01210-8. [PMID: 40374764 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-025-01210-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/17/2025] [Indexed: 05/18/2025]
Abstract
Neutrophils are among the most abundant immune cell types in the tumour microenvironment and have been associated with poor outcomes across multiple cancer types. Yet despite mounting evidence of their role in tumour progression, therapeutic strategies targeting neutrophils have only recently gained attention and remain limited in scope. This is probably due to the increasing number of distinct neutrophil subtypes identified in cancer and the limited understanding of the mechanisms by which these subsets influence tumour progression and immune evasion. In this Review, we discuss the spectrum of neutrophil subtypes - including those with antitumour activity - and their potential to polarize towards tumour-suppressive phenotypes. We explore the molecular pathways and effector functions by which neutrophils modulate cancer progression, with an emphasis on identifying tractable therapeutic targets. Finally, we examine emerging clinical trials aimed at modulating neutrophil lineages and consider their implications for patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff W Kwak
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division and Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - A McGarry Houghton
- Translational Science and Therapeutics Division and Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
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3
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He Z, Huang Y, Wen Y, Zou Y, Nie K, Liu Z, Li X, Zou H, Wang Y. Tumor Treatment by Nano-Photodynamic Agents Embedded in Immune Cell Membrane-Derived Vesicles. Pharmaceutics 2025; 17:481. [PMID: 40284476 PMCID: PMC12030688 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17040481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2025] [Revised: 03/26/2025] [Accepted: 03/28/2025] [Indexed: 04/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Non-invasive phototherapy includes modalities such as photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photothermal therapy (PTT). When combined with tumor immunotherapy, these therapeutic approaches have demonstrated significant efficacy in treating advanced malignancies, thus attracting considerable attention from the scientific community. However, the progress of these therapies is hindered by inherent limitations and potential adverse effects. Recent findings indicate that certain therapeutic strategies, including phototherapy, can induce immunogenic cell death (ICD), thereby opening new avenues for the integration of phototherapy with tumor immunotherapy. Currently, the development of biofilm nanomaterial-encapsulated drug delivery systems has reached a mature stage. Immune cell membrane-encapsulated nano-photosensitizers hold great promise, as they can enhance the tumor immune microenvironment. Based on bioengineering technology, immune cell membranes can be designed according to the tumor immune microenvironment, thereby enhancing the targeting and immune properties of nano-photosensitizers. Additionally, the space provided by the immune cell membrane allows for the co-encapsulation of immunotherapeutic agents and chemotherapy drugs, achieving a synergistic therapeutic effect. At the same time, the timing of photodynamic therapy (PDT) can be precisely controlled to regulate the action timing of both immunotherapeutic and chemotherapy drugs. This article summarizes and analyzes current research based on the aforementioned advancements.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Heng Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (Z.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.N.); (Z.L.); (X.L.)
| | - Yongxiang Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China; (Z.H.); (Y.H.); (Y.W.); (Y.Z.); (K.N.); (Z.L.); (X.L.)
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4
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Wahnou H, El Kebbaj R, Hba S, Ouadghiri Z, El Faqer O, Pinon A, Liagre B, Limami Y, Duval RE. Neutrophils and Neutrophil-Based Drug Delivery Systems in Anti-Cancer Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2025; 17:1232. [PMID: 40227814 PMCID: PMC11988188 DOI: 10.3390/cancers17071232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2025] [Revised: 04/01/2025] [Accepted: 04/02/2025] [Indexed: 04/15/2025] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant white blood cells, play a dual role in cancer progression. While they can promote tumor growth, metastasis, and immune suppression, they also exhibit anti-tumorigenic properties by attacking cancer cells and enhancing immune responses. This review explores the complex interplay between neutrophils and the tumor microenvironment (TME), highlighting their ability to switch between pro- and anti-tumor phenotypes based on external stimuli. Pro-tumorigenic neutrophils facilitate tumor growth through mechanisms such as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and immune evasion strategies. They contribute to angiogenesis, tumor invasion, and metastasis by releasing vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Conversely, anti-tumor neutrophils enhance cytotoxicity by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), promoting antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), and activating other immune cells such as cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells. Recent advances in neutrophil-based drug delivery systems have harnessed their tumor-homing capabilities to improve targeted therapy. Neutrophil-mimicking nanoparticles and membrane-coated drug carriers offer enhanced drug accumulation in tumors, reduced systemic toxicity, and improved therapeutic outcomes. Additionally, strategies to modulate neutrophil activity, such as inhibiting their immunosuppressive functions or reprogramming them towards an anti-tumor phenotype, are emerging as promising approaches in cancer immunotherapy. Understanding neutrophil plasticity and their interactions with the TME provides new avenues for therapeutic interventions. Targeting neutrophil-mediated mechanisms could enhance existing cancer treatments and lead to the development of novel immunotherapies, ultimately improving patient survival and clinical outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Wahnou
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, B.P 2693, Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco; (H.W.); (S.H.); (Z.O.); (O.E.F.)
| | - Riad El Kebbaj
- Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat 26000, Morocco;
| | - Soufyane Hba
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, B.P 2693, Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco; (H.W.); (S.H.); (Z.O.); (O.E.F.)
- Univ. Limoges, LABCiS, UR 22722, F-87000 Limoges, France; (A.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Zaynab Ouadghiri
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, B.P 2693, Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco; (H.W.); (S.H.); (Z.O.); (O.E.F.)
| | - Othman El Faqer
- Laboratory of Immunology and Biodiversity, Faculty of Sciences Ain Chock, Hassan II University, B.P 2693, Maarif, Casablanca 20100, Morocco; (H.W.); (S.H.); (Z.O.); (O.E.F.)
| | - Aline Pinon
- Univ. Limoges, LABCiS, UR 22722, F-87000 Limoges, France; (A.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Bertrand Liagre
- Univ. Limoges, LABCiS, UR 22722, F-87000 Limoges, France; (A.P.); (B.L.)
| | - Youness Limami
- Sciences and Engineering of Biomedicals, Biophysics and Health Laboratory, Higher Institute of Health Sciences, Hassan First University, Settat 26000, Morocco;
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5
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Sewnath CAN, Damelang T, Bentlage AEH, Ten Kroode L, Tuk CW, Visser R, Wuhrer M, Van Coillie J, Rispens T, van Egmond M, Vidarsson G. Enhancing activity of FcαRI-bispecific antibodies using glycoengineering. JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY (BALTIMORE, MD. : 1950) 2025:vkaf027. [PMID: 40156381 DOI: 10.1093/jimmun/vkaf027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2024] [Accepted: 01/20/2025] [Indexed: 04/01/2025]
Abstract
Macrophages and natural killer (NK) cells can effectively kill tumor cells in the presence of anti-cancer IgG monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), but neutrophils are less effective. We previously showed that IgG1 bispecific antibodies (BsAb), which target the IgA Fc receptor (FcαRI, CD89) and a tumor associated antigen induce effective neutrophil recruitment and tumor cell killing in vivo. Here we investigated if the efficacy of an anti-EGFR (CetuximAb)/FcαRI-bispecific antibody could be further improved by implementing glycoengineering of the IgG-Fc, aimed at increasing FcγRIIIa/b binding and/or complement activity. Fc afucosylation was introduced to enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) by FcγRIIIa on NK/macrophages, which can also reduce neutrophil-mediated ADCC through their GPI-linked FcγRIIIb. Fc galactylation was found to enhance antibody hexamerization and thereby complement dependent cytotoxicity (CDC). Low fucosylated BsAbs moderately increased NK cell-mediated tumor cell killing, but did not affect neutrophil-mediated tumor cell killing nor phagocytosis by macrophages. Glycoengineering of these EGFR-specific BsAb, which normally are devoid of CDC-activity, did not enable their complement activities. In conclusion, glycoengineered FcαRI BsAbs increased ADCC by NK cells but had little effect on neutrophil or macrophage mediated tumor killing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Céline A N Sewnath
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Timon Damelang
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Arthur E H Bentlage
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Luuk Ten Kroode
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis W Tuk
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Visser
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Manfred Wuhrer
- Department of Proteomics and Metabolomics, Leids Universitair Medisch Centrum (LUMC), LUMC, The Netherlands
| | - Julie Van Coillie
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Theo Rispens
- Department of Immunopathology, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Marjolein van Egmond
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology and Immunology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Cancer Center Amsterdam, Cancer Biology and Immunology Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Amsterdam institute for Infection and Immunity, Cancer Immunology Program, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Gestur Vidarsson
- Department of Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry and Proteomics, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences and Bijvoet Center for Biomolecular Research, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Department of Experimental Immunohematology and Landsteiner Laboratory, Sanquin Research, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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6
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Baskar S, Peng H, Gaglione EM, Carstens EJ, Lindorfer MA, Ahn IE, Herman SEM, Skarzynski M, Chang J, Keyvanfar K, Butera V, Blackburn A, Vire B, Maric I, Stetler-Stevenson M, Yuan CM, Eckhaus MA, Soto S, Farooqui MZH, Taylor RP, Rader C, Wiestner A. Potentiating CD20 monoclonal antibody therapy by targeting complement C3 fragments covalently deposited on lymphoma cells. Blood 2025; 145:1309-1320. [PMID: 39774793 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024024846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 11/19/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) improve survival of patients with mature B-cell malignancies. Fcγ receptor-dependent effector mechanisms kill tumor cells but can promote antigen loss through trogocytosis, contributing to treatment failures. Cell-bound mAbs trigger the complement cascade to deposit C3 activation fragments and lyse cells. Within 24 hours after ofatumumab administration to patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), circulating tumor cells had lost CD20 and were opsonized with C3d, the terminal covalently bound form of complement protein C3. We hypothesized that C3d provides a target to eliminate residual CD20- tumor cells. To test this hypothesis, we generated C8xi, a mouse/human chimeric immunoglobulin G1 (IgG1) that reacts with human but not mouse C3d. C8xi was effective in a patient-derived xenograft model against CD20-, C3d opsonized CLL cells from patients treated with ofatumumab. We also generated rabbit mAbs, 2 of which were chosen because they bound mouse and human C3d with low nanomolar affinity but were minimally cross-reactive with full-length C3. Anti-C3d rabbit/human chimeric IgG1 in combination with ofatumumab or rituximab prolonged survival of xenografted mice that model 3 different types of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). For example, in a diffuse large B-cell lymphoma model (SU-DHL-6), median survival with single-agent CD20 mAb was 114 days but was not reached for mAb combination treatment (P = .008). In another NHL model (SU-DHL-4), single-agent and combination mAb therapy eradicated lymphoma in most mice. In long-term survivors from both cohorts, there was no evidence of adverse effects. We propose that C3d mAbs combined with complement-fixing CD20 mAbs can overcome antigen-loss escape and increase efficacy of mAb-based therapy.
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MESH Headings
- Humans
- Animals
- Mice
- Antigens, CD20/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized/pharmacology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/immunology
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell/pathology
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Complement C3d/immunology
- Complement C3d/antagonists & inhibitors
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/pharmacology
- Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological/therapeutic use
- Rabbits
- Female
- Rituximab
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivasubramanian Baskar
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Haiyong Peng
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Herbert Wertheim University of Florida Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL
| | - Erika M Gaglione
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Elizabeth J Carstens
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Margaret A Lindorfer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Inhye E Ahn
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Sarah E M Herman
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Martin Skarzynski
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Jing Chang
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Herbert Wertheim University of Florida Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL
| | - Keyvan Keyvanfar
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Vicent Butera
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Amy Blackburn
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Bérengère Vire
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Irina Maric
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Center, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Maryalice Stetler-Stevenson
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Constance M Yuan
- Flow Cytometry Unit, Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Michael A Eckhaus
- Division of Veterinary Resources, Office of Research Services, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Susan Soto
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Mohammed Z H Farooqui
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
| | - Ronald P Taylor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Christoph Rader
- Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Herbert Wertheim University of Florida Scripps Institute for Biomedical Innovation & Technology, Jupiter, FL
| | - Adrian Wiestner
- Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD
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7
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Park SY, Pylaeva E, Bhuria V, Gambardella AR, Schiavoni G, Mougiakakos D, Kim SH, Jablonska J. Harnessing myeloid cells in cancer. Mol Cancer 2025; 24:69. [PMID: 40050933 PMCID: PMC11887392 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-025-02249-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2025] [Indexed: 03/09/2025] Open
Abstract
Cancer-associated myeloid cells due to their plasticity play dual roles in both promoting and inhibiting tumor progression. Myeloid cells with immunosuppressive properties play a critical role in anti-cancer immune regulation. Cells of different origin, such as tumor associated macrophages (TAMs), tumor associated neutrophils (TANs), myeloid derived suppressor cells (also called MDSCs) and eosinophils are often expanded in cancer patients and significantly influence their survival, but also the outcome of anti-cancer therapies. For this reason, the variety of preclinical and clinical studies to modulate the activity of these cells have been conducted, however without successful outcome to date. In this review, pro-tumor activity of myeloid cells, myeloid cell-specific therapeutic targets, in vivo studies on myeloid cell re-polarization and the impact of myeloid cells on immunotherapies/genetic engineering are addressed. This paper also summarizes ongoing clinical trials and the concept of chimeric antigen receptor macrophage (CAR-M) therapies, and suggests future research perspectives, offering new opportunities in the development of novel clinical treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Yeon Park
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Lab, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Ekaterina Pylaeva
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45147, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Düsseldorf/Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Vikas Bhuria
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cell Therapy, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | | | - Giovanna Schiavoni
- Department of Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Istituto Superiore Di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Dimitrios Mougiakakos
- Department of Hematology, Oncology, and Cell Therapy, Otto-Von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sung-Hoon Kim
- Cancer Molecular Target Herbal Research Lab, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jadwiga Jablonska
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, Essen, 45147, Germany.
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK) Partner Site Düsseldorf/Essen, Essen, Germany.
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8
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Aelvoet J, Zhong Z, Gomez CMB, Aegerter H, Louage B, Lambrecht BN, De Geest BG, Schuijs MJ. A Genetically Encoded Endogenous Antibody Recruitment Strategy for Innate Immune-Mediated Killing of Cancer Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2025; 37:e2415468. [PMID: 39924815 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202415468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2024] [Revised: 01/23/2025] [Indexed: 02/11/2025]
Abstract
Antibody-recruiting molecules (ARMs) are bivalent molecules that contain a cell-binding domain and an antibody-binding domain. ARMs are designed to redirect circulating endogenous antibodies from the bloodstream to the surface of cancer cells and thereby trigger innate immune-mediated killing of the latter. The current generation of clinically explored ARMs relies on synthetic small molecule haptens. However, their effectiveness is restricted by the low affinity of the available repertoire of endogenous anti-hapten antibodies. Utilizing endogenous high-affinity allergen-specific antibodies could potentially circumvent this issue. In this study, a genetically encoded antibody-recruiting strategy that utilizes lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) to deliver mRNA encoding the house dust mite allergen Der p 2, fused to a cell membrane anchor, to induce cell surface display and enable the recruitment of anti-Der p 2 antibodies, is presented. Der p 2 mRNA LNP-treated cancer cells cause greatly reduced pulmonary tumor burden in Der p 2 immunized mice, compared to untreated cells or nonimmunized mice. Reduced tumor growth is dependent on circulating antibodies, and neutrophils are identified as a key immune cell subset recognizing and eliminating Der p 2-displaying cancer cells. These findings emphasize the effectiveness of mRNA LNPs as a powerful tool for generating a genetically encoded ARM strategy, with potential applications in cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Aelvoet
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Zifu Zhong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Claudia M Brenis Gomez
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Helena Aegerter
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
| | - Benoit Louage
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Bart N Lambrecht
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, 3015 GD, The Netherlands
| | - Bruno G De Geest
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Martijn J Schuijs
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Mucosal Immunology, VIB-UGent Center for Inflammation Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Cancer Research Institute Ghent, Ghent University, Technologiepark-Zwijnaarde 71, Ghent, 9052, Belgium
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9
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Hiraga T. Immune microenvironment of cancer bone metastasis. Bone 2025; 191:117328. [PMID: 39549899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2024] [Revised: 11/06/2024] [Accepted: 11/08/2024] [Indexed: 11/18/2024]
Abstract
Bone is a common and frequent site of metastasis in cancer patients, leading to a significant reduction in quality of life and increased mortality. Bone marrow, the primary site of hematopoiesis, also serves as both a primary and secondary lymphoid organ. It harbors and supports a diverse array of immune cells, thereby creating a distinct immune microenvironment. These immune cells engage in a range of activities, including anti-tumor, pro-tumor, or a combination of both, which influence the development and progression of bone metastases. Rapid advances in cancer immunotherapy have underscored its potential to eradicate bone metastases. However, clinical outcomes have not yet met expectations. To improve the efficacy of immunotherapy, it is crucial to gain a comprehensive and in-depth understanding of the immune microenvironment within bone metastases. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the role of different immune cells, their anti-tumor and pro-tumor activities, and their overall contribution to bone metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Hiraga
- Department of Histology and Cell Biology, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, Nagano, Japan.
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10
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Rouaen JRC, Salerno A, Shai-Hee T, Murray JE, Castrogiovanni G, McHenry C, Jue TR, Pham V, Bell JL, Poursani E, Valli E, Cazzoli R, Damstra N, Nelson DJ, Stevens KLP, Chee J, Slapetova I, Kasherman M, Whan R, Lin F, Cochran BJ, Tedla N, Veli FC, Yuksel A, Mayoh C, Saletta F, Mercatelli D, Chtanova T, Kulasinghe A, Catchpoole D, Cirillo G, Biro M, Lode HN, Luciani F, Haber M, Gray JC, Trahair TN, Vittorio O. Copper chelation redirects neutrophil function to enhance anti-GD2 antibody therapy in neuroblastoma. Nat Commun 2024; 15:10462. [PMID: 39668192 PMCID: PMC11638255 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-54689-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 12/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Anti-disialoganglioside (GD2) antibody therapy has provided clinical benefit to patients with neuroblastoma however efficacy is likely impaired by the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. We have previously defined a link between intratumoral copper levels and immune evasion. Here, we report that adjuvant copper chelation potentiates anti-GD2 antibody therapy to confer durable tumor control in immunocompetent models of neuroblastoma. Mechanistic studies reveal copper chelation creates an immune-primed tumor microenvironment through enhanced infiltration and activity of Fc-receptor-bearing cells, specifically neutrophils which are emerging as key effectors of antibody therapy. Moreover, we report copper sequestration by neuroblastoma attenuates neutrophil function which can be successfully reversed using copper chelation to increase pro-inflammatory effector functions. Importantly, we repurpose the clinically approved copper chelating agent Cuprior as a non-toxic, efficacious immunomodulatory strategy. Collectively, our findings provide evidence for the clinical testing of Cuprior as an adjuvant to enhance the activity of anti-GD2 antibody therapy and improve outcomes for patients with neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jourdin R C Rouaen
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Antonietta Salerno
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Tyler Shai-Hee
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jayne E Murray
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Giulia Castrogiovanni
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Charlotte McHenry
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Toni Rose Jue
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Vu Pham
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jessica Lilian Bell
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ensieh Poursani
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Emanuele Valli
- Department of Experimental Oncology, IEO, European Institute of Oncology IRCCS, Milano, Italy
| | - Riccardo Cazzoli
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Naomi Damstra
- Institute for Respiratory Health, National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Delia J Nelson
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
- Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Kofi L P Stevens
- Institute for Respiratory Health, National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin Medical School, Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Jonathan Chee
- Institute for Respiratory Health, National Centre for Asbestos Related Diseases, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Iveta Slapetova
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Maria Kasherman
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Renee Whan
- Katharina Gaus Light Microscopy Facility, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Francis Lin
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Blake J Cochran
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Nicodemus Tedla
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Feyza Colakoglu Veli
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science Node, School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Aysen Yuksel
- Tumour Bank, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Chelsea Mayoh
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Federica Saletta
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Daniele Mercatelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Tatyana Chtanova
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Arutha Kulasinghe
- Frazer Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Daniel Catchpoole
- Tumour Bank, Children's Hospital at Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia
| | - Giuseppe Cirillo
- Department of Pharmacy Health and Nutritional Science, University of Calabria, Rende, Italy
| | - Maté Biro
- EMBL Australia, Single Molecule Science Node, School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Holger N Lode
- Department of Pediatric Hematology-Oncology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Fabio Luciani
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kirby Institute for Infection and Immunity, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Michelle Haber
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Juliet C Gray
- Centre for Cancer Immunology, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
| | - Toby N Trahair
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Kids Cancer Centre, Sydney Children's Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Orazio Vittorio
- School of Biomedical Sciences, UNSW Medicine & Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
- Children's Cancer Institute, Lowy Cancer Research Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
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11
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Pan X, Wang Q, Sun B. Multifaceted roles of neutrophils in tumor microenvironment. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189231. [PMID: 39615862 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 11/20/2024] [Accepted: 11/24/2024] [Indexed: 12/14/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant leukocyte population in circulation, play a crucial role in detecting and responding to foreign cells, such as pathogens and tumor cells. However, the impact of neutrophils on cancer pathogenesis has been overlooked because of their short lifespan, terminal differentiation, and limited transcriptional activity. Within the tumor microenvironment (TME), neutrophils can be influenced by tumor cells or other stromal cells to acquire either protumor or antitumor properties via the cytokine environment. Despite progress in neutrophil-related research, a comprehensive understanding of tissue-specific neutrophil diversity and adaptability in the TME is still lacking, which poses a significant obstacle to the development of neutrophil-based cancer therapies. This review evaluated the current studies on the dual roles of neutrophils in cancer progression, emphasizing their importance in predicting clinical outcomes, and explored various approaches for targeting neutrophils in cancer treatment, including their potential synergy with cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyin Pan
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), Anhui Provincial Innovation Institute for Pharmaceutical Basic Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), Anhui Provincial Innovation Institute for Pharmaceutical Basic Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Beicheng Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Innovative Institute of Tumor Immunity and Medicine (ITIM), Anhui Provincial Innovation Institute for Pharmaceutical Basic Research, Hefei, Anhui, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Tumor Immune Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, Hefei, Anhui, China.
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12
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He Y, Wang D, Zhang C, Huang S, Li X, Chen Y, Ma Y, Ju S, Ye H, Fan W. EGFR-targeting oxygen-saturated nanophotosensitizers for orchestrating multifaceted antitumor responses by counteracting immunosuppressive milieu. J Control Release 2024; 375:127-141. [PMID: 39233281 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.08.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2024] [Revised: 08/28/2024] [Accepted: 08/30/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024]
Abstract
High Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) in Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma (cSCC) is associated with poor prognosis and advanced metastatic stages, severely impeding the efficacy of EGFR-targeting immunotherapy. This is commonly attributed to the combinatory outcomes of hypoxic tumor microenvironment (TME) and immunosuppressive effector cells together. Herein, a novel paradigm of EGFR-targeting oxygen-saturated nanophotosensitizers, designated as CHPFN-O2, has been specifically tailored to mitigate tumor hypoxia in EGFR-positive cSCC and achieve Cetuximab (CTX)-mediated immunotherapy (CIT). The conjugated CTX in CHPFN-O2 serves to initiate immune responses by recruiting Fc receptor (FcR)-expressing immune effector cells towards tumor cells, thereby eliciting antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis (ADCP), antibody-dependent cellular trogocytosis (ADCT) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). Besides, CHPFN-O2 can engender a shift from a tumor-friendly to a tumor-hostile one through improved tumor oxygenation, contributing to oxygen-elevated photodynamic therapy (oxPDT). Notably, the combination of oxPDT and CIT eventually promotes T-cell-mediated antitumor activity and successfully inhibits the growth of EGFR-expressing cSCC with good safety profiles. This comprehensive oxPDT/CIT integration aims not only to enhance therapeutic efficacy against EGFRhigh cSCC but also to extend its applicability to other EGFRhigh malignancies, thus delineating a new avenue for the highly efficient synergistic treatment of EGFR-expressing malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
| | - Deng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Siting Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Xiangzheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China
| | - Yuanyuan Ma
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shenghong Ju
- Nurturing Center of Jiangsu Province for State Laboratory of AI Imaging & Interventional Radiology, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hongxun Ye
- Department of Radiology, Taixing People's Hospital, Medical School, Yangzhou University, Taixing 225400, China.
| | - Wenpei Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Center of Advanced Pharmaceuticals and Biomaterials, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 211198, China.
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13
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Toledo-Stuardo K, Ribeiro CH, González-Herrera F, Matthies DJ, Le Roy MS, Dietz-Vargas C, Latorre Y, Campos I, Guerra Y, Tello S, Vásquez-Sáez V, Novoa P, Fehring N, González M, Rodríguez-Siza J, Vásquez G, Méndez P, Altamirano C, Molina MC. Therapeutic antibodies in oncology: an immunopharmacological overview. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:242. [PMID: 39358613 PMCID: PMC11448508 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-024-03814-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
The biotechnological development of monoclonal antibodies and their immunotherapeutic use in oncology have grown exponentially in the last decade, becoming the first-line therapy for some types of cancer. Their mechanism of action is based on the ability to regulate the immune system or by interacting with targets that are either overexpressed in tumor cells, released into the extracellular milieu or involved in processes that favor tumor growth. In addition, the intrinsic characteristics of each subclass of antibodies provide specific effector functions against the tumor by activating antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, complement-dependent cytotoxicity, and antibody-dependent cellular phagocytosis, among other mechanisms. The rational design and engineering of monoclonal antibodies have improved their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic features, thus optimizing the therapeutic regimens administered to cancer patients and improving their clinical outcomes. The selection of the immunoglobulin G subclass, modifications to its crystallizable region (Fc), and conjugation of radioactive substances or antineoplastic drugs may all improve the antitumor effects of therapeutic antibodies. This review aims to provide insights into the immunological and pharmacological aspects of therapeutic antibodies used in oncology, with a rational approach at molecular modifications that can be introduced into these biological tools, improving their efficacy in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Toledo-Stuardo
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina H Ribeiro
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Fabiola González-Herrera
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Douglas J Matthies
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Soledad Le Roy
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudio Dietz-Vargas
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yesenia Latorre
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ivo Campos
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yuneisy Guerra
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Samantha Tello
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Valeria Vásquez-Sáez
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Novoa
- Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Nicolás Fehring
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mauricio González
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Jose Rodríguez-Siza
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Gonzalo Vásquez
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Pamela Méndez
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Altamirano
- Escuela de Ingeniería Bioquímica, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
- Centro Regional de Estudio en Alimentos Saludables, Valparaíso, Chile
- Center of Interventional Medicine for Precision and Advanced Cellular Therapy (IMPACT), Santiago, Chile
| | - María Carmen Molina
- Programa de Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas (ICBM), Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Avda. Independencia 1027, Block I, 3er piso, Santiago, Chile.
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14
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Sheehy T, Kwiatkowski AJ, Arora K, Kimmel BR, Schulman JA, Gibson-Corley KN, Wilson JT. STING-Activating Polymer-Drug Conjugates for Cancer Immunotherapy. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:1765-1781. [PMID: 39345818 PMCID: PMC11428287 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.4c00579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2024] [Revised: 08/09/2024] [Accepted: 08/12/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024]
Abstract
The stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway links innate and adaptive antitumor immunity and therefore plays an important role in cancer immune surveillance. This has prompted widespread development of STING agonists for cancer immunotherapy, but pharmacological barriers continue to limit the clinical impact of STING agonists and motivate the development of drug delivery systems to improve their efficacy and/or safety. We developed SAPCon, a STING-activating polymer-drug conjugate platform based on strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition of a novel dimeric amidobenzimidazole (diABZI) STING prodrug to hydrophilic poly(dimethylacrylamide-co-azido-ethylmethacrylate) polymer chains through a cathepsin B-responsive linker to increase circulation time and enable passive tumor accumulation. We found that intravenously administered SAPCon accumulated at tumor sites, where it was endocytosed by tumor-associated myeloid cells, resulting in increased STING activation in the tumor tissue. Consequently, SAPCon promoted an immunogenic tumor microenvironment characterized by increased frequency of activated macrophages and dendritic cells and improved infiltration of CD8+ T cells, resulting in inhibition of tumor growth, prolonged survival, and enhanced response to anti-PD-1 immune checkpoint blockade in orthotopic breast cancer models. Collectively, these studies position SAPCon as a modular and programmable platform for improving the efficacy of systemically administered STING agonists for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor
L. Sheehy
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Alexander J. Kwiatkowski
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Karan Arora
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Blaise R. Kimmel
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Jacob A. Schulman
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - Katherine N. Gibson-Corley
- Department
of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
| | - John T. Wilson
- Department
of Biomedical Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Department
of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute of Chemical Biology, Vanderbilt
University, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Institute for Infection, Immunology and Inflammation, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
- Vanderbilt
Center for Immunobiology, Vanderbilt University
Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232, United States
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15
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Taylor RP, Lindorfer MA. Antibody-drug conjugate adverse effects can be understood and addressed based on immune complex clearance mechanisms. Blood 2024; 144:137-144. [PMID: 38643493 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2024024442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Numerous antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are being developed for cancer immunotherapy. Although several of these agents have demonstrated considerable clinical efficacy and have won Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval, in many instances, they have been characterized by adverse side effects (ASEs), which can be quite severe in a fraction of treated patients. The key hypothesis in this perspective is that many of the most serious ASEs associated with the use of ADCs in the treatment of cancer can be most readily explained and understood due to the inappropriate processing of these ADCs via pathways normally followed for immune complex clearance, which include phagocytosis and trogocytosis. We review the key published basic science experiments and clinical observations that support this idea. We propose that it is the interaction of the ADC with Fcγ receptors expressed on off-target cells and tissues that can most readily explain ADC-mediated pathologies, which therefore provides a rationale for the design of protocols to minimize ASEs. We describe measurements that should help identify those patients most likely to experience ASE due to ADC, and we propose readily available treatments as well as therapies under development for other indications that should substantially reduce ASE associated with ADC. Our focus will be on the following FDA-approved ADC for which there are substantial literatures: gemtuzumab ozogamicin and inotuzumab ozogamicin; and trastuzumab emtansine and trastuzumab deruxtecan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald P Taylor
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Margaret A Lindorfer
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
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16
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Moffat A, Gwyer Findlay E. Evidence for antigen presentation by human neutrophils. Blood 2024; 143:2455-2463. [PMID: 38498044 DOI: 10.1182/blood.2023023444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT Neutrophils are the first migrating responders to sterile and infectious inflammation and act in a powerful but nonspecific fashion to kill a wide variety of pathogens. It is now apparent that they can also act in a highly discriminating fashion; this is particularly evident in their interactions with other cells of the immune system. It is clear that neutrophils are present during the adaptive immune response, interacting with T cells in complex ways that differ between tissue types and disease state. One of the ways in which this interaction is mediated is by neutrophil expression of HLA molecules and presentation of antigen to T cells. In mice, this is well established to occur with both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells. However, the evidence is less strong with human cells. Here, we assembled available evidence for human neutrophil antigen presentation. We find that the human cells are clearly able to upregulate HLA-DR and costimulatory molecules; are able to process protein antigen into fragments recognized by T cells; are able to enter lymph node T cell zones; and, in vitro, are able to present antigen to memory T cells, inducing proliferation and cytokine production. However, many questions remain, particularly concerning whether the cell-cell interactions can last for sufficient time to trigger naïve T cells. These experiments are now critical as we unravel the complex interactions between these cells and their importance for the development of human immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Moffat
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - Emily Gwyer Findlay
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
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17
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Hu J, Ascierto P, Cesano A, Herrmann V, Marincola FM. Shifting the paradigm: engaging multicellular networks for cancer therapy. J Transl Med 2024; 22:270. [PMID: 38475820 PMCID: PMC10936124 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05043-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Most anti-cancer modalities are designed to directly kill cancer cells deploying mechanisms of action (MOAs) centered on the presence of a precise target on cancer cells. The efficacy of these approaches is limited because the rapidly evolving genetics of neoplasia swiftly circumvents the MOA generating therapy-resistant cancer cell clones. Other modalities engage endogenous anti-cancer mechanisms by activating the multi-cellular network (MCN) surrounding neoplastic cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). These modalities hold a better chance of success because they activate numerous types of immune effector cells that deploy distinct cytotoxic MOAs. This in turn decreases the chance of developing treatment-resistance. Engagement of the MCN can be attained through activation of immune effector cells that in turn kill cancer cells or when direct cancer killing is complemented by the production of proinflammatory factors that secondarily recruit and activate immune effector cells. For instance, adoptive cell therapy (ACT) supplements cancer cell killing with the release of homeostatic and pro-inflammatory cytokines by the immune cells and damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) by dying cancer cells. The latter phenomenon, referred to as immunogenic cell death (ICD), results in an exponential escalation of anti-cancer MOAs at the tumor site. Other approaches can also induce exponential cancer killing by engaging the MCN of the TME through the release of DAMPs and additional pro-inflammatory factors by dying cancer cells. In this commentary, we will review the basic principles that support emerging paradigms likely to significantly improve the efficacy of anti-cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyce Hu
- Sonata Therapeutics, Watertown, MA, 02472, USA.
| | - Paolo Ascierto
- Cancer Immunotherapy and Innovative Therapy, National Tumor Institute, Fondazione G. Pascale, 80131, Naples, Italy
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18
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Awasthi D, Sarode A. Neutrophils at the Crossroads: Unraveling the Multifaceted Role in the Tumor Microenvironment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2929. [PMID: 38474175 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Over the past decade, research has prominently established neutrophils as key contributors to the intricate landscape of tumor immune biology. As polymorphonuclear granulocytes within the innate immune system, neutrophils play a pivotal and abundant role, constituting approximately ∼70% of all peripheral leukocytes in humans and ∼10-20% in mice. This substantial presence positions them as the frontline defense against potential threats. Equipped with a diverse array of mechanisms, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, degranulation, phagocytosis, and the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), neutrophils undeniably serve as indispensable components of the innate immune system. While these innate functions enable neutrophils to interact with adaptive immune cells such as T, B, and NK cells, influencing their functions, they also engage in dynamic interactions with rapidly dividing tumor cells. Consequently, neutrophils are emerging as crucial regulators in both pro- and anti-tumor immunity. This comprehensive review delves into recent research to illuminate the multifaceted roles of neutrophils. It explores their diverse functions within the tumor microenvironment, shedding light on their heterogeneity and their impact on tumor recruitment, progression, and modulation. Additionally, the review underscores their potential anti-tumoral capabilities. Finally, it provides valuable insights into clinical therapies targeting neutrophils, presenting a promising approach to leveraging innate immunity for enhanced cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepika Awasthi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Aditya Sarode
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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19
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Baker D, Kang AS, Giovannoni G, Schmierer K. Neutropenia following immune-depletion, notably CD20 targeting, therapies in multiple sclerosis. Mult Scler Relat Disord 2024; 82:105400. [PMID: 38181696 DOI: 10.1016/j.msard.2023.105400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
Neutropenia serves as a risk factor for severe infection and is a consequence of some immune-depleting immunotherapies. This occurs in people with multiple sclerosis following chemotherapy-conditioning in haematopoietic stem cell transplantation and potent B cell targeting agents. Whilst CD52 is expressed by neutrophils and may contribute to early-onset neutropenia following alemtuzumab treatment, deoxycytidine kinase and CD20 antigen required for activity of cladribine tablets, off-label rituximab, ocrelizumab, ofatumumab and ublituximab are not or only weakly expressed by neutrophils. Therefore, alternative explanations are needed for the rare occurrence of early and late-onset neutropenia following such treatments. This probably occurs due to alterations in the balance of granulopoiesis and neutrophil removal. Neutrophils are short-lived, and their removal may be influenced by drug-associated infections, the killing mechanisms of the therapies and amplified by immune dyscrasia due to influences on neutropoiesis following growth factor rerouting for B cell recovery and cytokine deficits following lymphocyte depletion. This highlights the small but evident neutropenia risks following sustained B cell depletion with some treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Baker
- Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, United Kingdom.
| | - Angray S Kang
- Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, United Kingdom; Dental Institute, Queen Mary University of London, United Kingdom
| | - Gavin Giovannoni
- Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, United Kingdom; Clinical Board Medicine (Neuroscience), The Royal London Hospital London, BartsHealth NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
| | - Klaus Schmierer
- Blizard Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, 4 Newark Street, London E1 2AT, United Kingdom; Clinical Board Medicine (Neuroscience), The Royal London Hospital London, BartsHealth NHS Trust, London, United Kingdom
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20
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Atta A, Salem MM, El-Said KS, Mohamed TM. Mechanistic role of quercetin as inhibitor for adenosine deaminase enzyme in rheumatoid arthritis: systematic review. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:14. [PMID: 38225555 PMCID: PMC10790468 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00531-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease involving T and B lymphocytes. Autoantibodies contribute to joint deterioration and worsening symptoms. Adenosine deaminase (ADA), an enzyme in purine metabolism, influences adenosine levels and joint inflammation. Inhibiting ADA could impact RA progression. Intracellular ATP breakdown generates adenosine, which increases in hypoxic and inflammatory conditions. Lymphocytes with ADA play a role in RA. Inhibiting lymphocytic ADA activity has an immune-regulatory effect. Synovial fluid levels of ADA are closely associated with the disease's systemic activity, making it a useful parameter for evaluating joint inflammation. Flavonoids, such as quercetin (QUE), are natural substances that can inhibit ADA activity. QUE demonstrates immune-regulatory effects and restores T-cell homeostasis, making it a promising candidate for RA therapy. In this review, we will explore the impact of QUE in suppressing ADA and reducing produced the inflammation in RA, including preclinical investigations and clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amira Atta
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Maha M Salem
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
| | - Karim Samy El-Said
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
| | - Tarek M Mohamed
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt
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21
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Agbakwuru D, Wetzel SA. The Biological Significance of Trogocytosis. Results Probl Cell Differ 2024; 73:87-129. [PMID: 39242376 PMCID: PMC11784324 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-62036-2_5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2024]
Abstract
Trogocytosis is the intercellular transfer of membrane and membrane-associated proteins between cells. Trogocytosis is an underappreciated phenomenon that has historically routinely been dismissed as an artefact. With a greater understanding of the process and the implications it has on biological systems, trogocytosis has the potential to become a paradigm changer. The presence on a cell of molecules they don't endogenously express can alter the biological activity of the cell and could also lead to the acquisition of new functions. To better appreciate this phenomenon, it is important to understand how these intercellular membrane exchanges influence the function and activity of the donor and the recipient cells. In this chapter, we will examine how the molecules acquired by trogocytosis influence the biology of a variety of systems including mammalian fertilization, treatment of hemolytic disease of the newborn, viral and parasitic infections, cancer immunotherapy, and immune modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deborah Agbakwuru
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA
| | - Scott A Wetzel
- Center for Environmental Health Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA.
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of Montana, Missoula, MT, USA.
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22
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Fan D, Wang S, Huang R, Liu X, He H, Zhang G. Light-Assisted "Nano-Neutrophils" with High Drug Loading for Targeted Cancer Therapy. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:6487-6502. [PMID: 37965278 PMCID: PMC10642559 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s432854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Nanomedicine presents a promising alternative for cancer treatment owing to its outstanding features. However, the therapeutic outcome is still severely compromised by low tumor targeting, loading efficiency, and non-specific drug release. Methods Light-assisted "nano-neutrophils (NMPC-NPs)", featuring high drug loading, self-amplified tumor targeting, and light-triggered specific drug release, were developed. NMPC-NPs were composed of neutrophil membrane-camouflaged PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) loaded with a hypoxia-responsive, quinone-modified PTX dimeric prodrug (hQ-PTX2) and photosensitizer (Ce6). Results hQ-PTX2 significantly enhanced the drug loading of NPs by preventing intermolecular π-π interactions, and neutrophil membrane coating imparted the biological characteristics of neutrophils to NMPC-NPs, thus improving the stability and inflammation-targeting ability of NMPC-NPs. Under light irradiation, extensive NMPC-NPs were recruited to tumor sites based on photodynamic therapy (PDT)-amplified intratumoral inflammatory signals for targeted drug delivery to inflammatory tumors. Besides, PDT could effectively eliminate tumor cells via reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, while the PDT-aggravated hypoxic environment accelerated hQ-PTX2 degradation to realize the specific release of PTX, thus synergistically combining chemotherapy and PDT to suppress tumor growth and metastasis with minimal adverse effects. Conclusion This nanoplatform provides a prospective and effective avenue toward enhanced tumor-targeted delivery and synergistic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daopeng Fan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuqi Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ran Huang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoning Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hua He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaiping Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450046, People’s Republic of China
- Longhu Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450046, People’s Republic of China
- School of Advanced Agriculture Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People’s Republic of China
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23
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Finotti G, Pietronigro E, Balanzin C, Lonardi S, Constantin G, Chao MP, Tecchio C, Vermi W, Cassatella MA. slan+ Monocytes Kill Cancer Cells Coated in Therapeutic Antibody by Trogoptosis. Cancer Immunol Res 2023; 11:1538-1552. [PMID: 37695535 DOI: 10.1158/2326-6066.cir-23-0239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Monocytes positive for 6-Sulfo LacNAc (slan) are a major subset of nonclassical CD14dimCD16+ monocytes in humans. We have shown that slan+ cells infiltrate lymphomas and elicit an antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) of neoplastic B cells mediated by the anti-CD20 therapeutic rituximab. Herein, by performing blocking experiments and flow cytometry analyses, as well as confocal microscopy and live-cell imaging assays, we extended the findings to other humanized antibodies and deciphered the underlying effector mechanism(s). Specifically, we show that, after coculture with target cells coated with anti-CD20 or anti-CD38, slan+ monocytes mediate trogocytosis, a cell-cell contact dependent, antibody-mediated process that triggers an active, mechanic disruption of target cell membranes. Trogocytosis by slan+ monocytes leads to a necrotic type of target cell death known as trogoptosis, which, once initiated, was partially sustained by endogenous TNFα. We also found that slan+ monocytes, unlike natural killer (NK) cells, mediate a direct ADCC with all types of anti-CD47 analyzed, and this was independent of their IgG isotype. The latter findings unveil a potentially relevant contribution by slan+ monocytes in mediating the therapeutic efficacy of anti-CD47 in clinical practice, which could be particularly important when NK cells are exhausted or deficient in number. Overall, our observations shed new light on the cytotoxic mechanisms exerted by slan+ monocytes in antibody-dependent tumor cell targeting and advance our knowledge on how to expand our therapeutic arsenal for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Finotti
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Enrica Pietronigro
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Camillo Balanzin
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Silvia Lonardi
- Section of Pathology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Gabriela Constantin
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Mark P Chao
- Division of Hematology, Stanford University, Stanford, California
| | - Cristina Tecchio
- Section of Hematology and Bone Marrow Transplant Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - William Vermi
- Section of Pathology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marco A Cassatella
- Section of General Pathology, Department of Medicine, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
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24
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Ramon-Gil E, Geh D, Leslie J. Harnessing neutrophil plasticity for HCC immunotherapy. Essays Biochem 2023; 67:941-955. [PMID: 37534829 PMCID: PMC10539947 DOI: 10.1042/ebc20220245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils, until recently, have typically been considered a homogeneous population of terminally differentiated cells with highly conserved functions in homeostasis and disease. In hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), tumour-associated neutrophils (TANs) are predominantly thought to play a pro-tumour role, promoting all aspects of HCC development and progression. Recent developments in single-cell technologies are now providing a greater insight and appreciation for the level of cellular heterogeneity displayed by TANs in the HCC tumour microenvironment, which we have been able to correlate with other TAN signatures in datasets for gastric cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). TANs with classical pro-tumour signatures have been identified as well as neutrophils primed for anti-tumour functions that, if activated and expanded, could become a potential therapeutic approach. In recent years, therapeutic targeting of neutrophils in HCC has been typically focused on impairing the recruitment of pro-tumour neutrophils. This has now been coupled with immune checkpoint blockade with the aim to stimulate lymphocyte-mediated anti-tumour immunity whilst impairing neutrophil-mediated immunosuppression. As a result, neutrophil-directed therapies are now entering clinical trials for HCC. Pharmacological targeting along with ex vivo reprogramming of neutrophils in HCC patients is, however, in its infancy and a greater understanding of neutrophil heterogeneity, with a view to exploit it, may pave the way for improved immunotherapy outcomes. This review will cover the recent developments in our understanding of neutrophil heterogeneity in HCC and how neutrophils can be harnessed to improve HCC immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erik Ramon-Gil
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Daniel Geh
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
| | - Jack Leslie
- Newcastle Fibrosis Research Group, Biosciences Institute, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
- The Newcastle University Centre for Cancer, Newcastle University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, U.K
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25
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Zhuo X, Huang C, Su L, Liang F, Xie W, Xu Q, Han P, Huang X, Wong PP. Identification of a distinct tumor endothelial cell-related gene expression signature associated with patient prognosis and immunotherapy response in multiple cancers. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:9635-9655. [PMID: 37227522 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-04848-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor endothelial cells (TECs) play a significant role in regulating the tumor microenvironment, drug response, and immune cell activities in various cancers. However, the association between TEC gene expression signature and patient prognosis or therapeutic response remains poorly understood. METHODS We analyzed transcriptomics data of normal and tumor endothelial cells obtained from the GEO database to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) associated with TECs. We then compared these DEGs with those commonly found across five different tumor types from the TCGA database to determine their prognostic relevance. Using these genes, we constructed a prognostic risk model integrated with clinical features to develop a nomogram model, which we validated through biological experiments. RESULTS We identified 12 TEC-related prognostic genes across multiple tumor types, of which five genes were sufficient to construct a prognostic risk model with an AUC of 0.682. The risk scores effectively predicted patient prognosis and immunotherapeutic response. Our newly developed nomogram model provided more accurate prognostic estimates of cancer patients than the TNM staging method (AUC = 0.735) and was validated using external patient cohorts. Finally, RT-PCR and immunohistochemical analyses indicated that the expression of these 5 TEC-related prognostic genes was up-regulated in both patient-derived tumors and cancer cell lines, while depletion of the hub genes reduced cancer cell growth, migration and invasion, and enhanced their sensitivity to gemcitabine or cytarabine. CONCLUSIONS Our study discovered the first TEC-related gene expression signature that can be used to construct a prognostic risk model for guiding treatment options in multiple cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianhua Zhuo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Cheng Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Liangping Su
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Faya Liang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Wenqian Xie
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Qiuping Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Ping Han
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China
| | - Xiaoming Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
| | - Ping-Pui Wong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Malignant Tumor Epigenetics and Gene Regulation, Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Laboratory for RNA Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
- Medical Research Center, Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510120, China.
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26
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Sikora JP, Karawani J, Sobczak J. Neutrophils and the Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome (SIRS). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13469. [PMID: 37686271 PMCID: PMC10488036 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
We are not entirely able to understand, assess, and modulate the functioning of the immune system in clinical situations that lead to a systemic inflammatory response. In the search for diagnostic and treatment strategies (which are still far from perfect), it became very important to study the pathogenesis and participation of endogenous inflammation mediators. This study attempts to more precisely establish the role of neutrophils in individual phenomena occurring during an inflammatory and anti-inflammatory reaction, taking into account their cidal, immunoregulatory, and reparative abilities. Pro- and anticoagulatory properties of endothelium in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) are emphasised, along with the resulting clinical implications (the application of immunotherapy using mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) or IL-6 antagonists in sepsis and COVID-19 treatment, among others). Special attention is paid to reactive oxygen species (ROS), produced by neutrophils activated during "respiratory burst" in the course of SIRS; the protective and pathogenic role of these endogenous mediators is highlighted. Moreover, clinically useful biomarkers of SIRS (neutrophil extracellular traps, cell-free DNA, DAMP, TREMs, NGAL, miRNA, selected cytokines, ROS, and recognised markers of endothelial damage from the group of adhesins by means of immunohistochemical techniques) related to the neutrophils are presented, and their role in the diagnosing and forecasting of sepsis, burn disease, and COVID-19 is emphasised. Finally, examples of immunomodulation of sepsis and antioxidative thermal injury therapy are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janusz P. Sikora
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, 2nd Chair of Paediatrics, Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Sporna 36/50, 91-738 Łódź, Poland;
| | - Jakub Karawani
- Faculty of Medicine, Lazarski University, ul. Świeradowska 43, 02-662 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Jarosław Sobczak
- Department of Paediatric Emergency Medicine, 2nd Chair of Paediatrics, Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Sporna 36/50, 91-738 Łódź, Poland;
- Department of Management and Logistics in Healthcare, Medical University of Łódź, ul. Lindleya 6, 90-131 Łódź, Poland
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27
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Kwok HH, Yang J, Lam DCL. Breaking the Invisible Barriers: Unleashing the Full Potential of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Oncogene-Driven Lung Adenocarcinoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:2749. [PMID: 37345086 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15102749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The rapid development of targeted therapy paved the way toward personalized medicine for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lung adenocarcinoma (ADC) harboring actionable genetic alternations including epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), Kirsten rat sarcoma virus (ALK) and c-ros oncogene 1 (ROS1) treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) incurred lesser treatment toxicity but better therapeutic responses compared with systemic chemotherapy. Angiogenesis inhibitors targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) have also shown an increase in overall survival (OS) for NSCLC patients. However, acquired resistance to these targeted therapies remains a major obstacle to long-term maintenance treatment for lung ADC patients. The emergence of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) against programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1) or programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) has changed the treatment paradigm for NSCLC tumors without actionable genetic alternations. Clinical studies have suggested, however, that there are no survival benefits with the combination of targeted therapy and ICIs. In this review, we will summarize and discuss the current knowledge on the tumor immune microenvironment and the dynamics of immune phenotypes, which could be crucial in extending the applicability of ICIs for this subpopulation of lung ADC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoi-Hin Kwok
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jiashuang Yang
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - David Chi-Leung Lam
- Department of Medicine, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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28
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Cassatella MA, Nauseef WM. Neutrophils and their friends. Immunol Rev 2023; 314:6-12. [PMID: 36693675 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Marco A Cassatella
- Department of Medicine, Section of General Pathology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - William M Nauseef
- Inflammation Program, Department of Internal Medicine, Roy J. and Lucille A. Carver College of Medicine University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
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29
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Liu C, Zhang W, Zhou X, Liu L. IMPDH1, a prognostic biomarker and immunotherapy target that correlates with tumor immune microenvironment in pan-cancer and hepatocellular carcinoma. Front Immunol 2022; 13:983490. [PMID: 36618420 PMCID: PMC9813230 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.983490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Backgrounds IMPDH1, a rate-limiting enzyme in de novos synthesis of guanine nucleotides, plays an essential role in the growth and progression of certain tumors. However, there is still a lack of study on IMPDH1 evaluating its role in the tumor immune microenvironment, the potential mechanisms, and its potential as a promising tumor therapeutic target. Methods The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx), TIMER2.0, KM-Plotter, University of Alabama at Birmingham Cancer data analysis Portal (UALCAN), cbioportal, The Human Protein Atlas (HPA), and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2) were used to perform the systematic analysis of IMPDH1, including mRNA expression, protein expression, prognostic value, Enrichment analysis, DNA methylation, immune cell infiltration in pan-cancer, Then, we conducted qRT-PCR and immunohistochemistry to analyze the expression level of IMPDH1 in cancer tissues and non-cancer tissues of patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), and performed the same verification at cellular level. Results We discovered that IMPDH1 was highly expressed in a variety of tumors and was associated with poor prognosis. IMPDH1 not only had the potential as a tumor prognostic marker and therapeutic target, but also was closely related to immune cells, immune checkpoints and immune-related genes and pathways in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME). Meanwhile, IMPDH1 expression influenced the efficacy and prognosis of tumor patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. Conclusions IMPDH1 may be as a potential combined target of immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengdong Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Wanli Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiaohan Zhou
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China,*Correspondence: Li Liu,
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