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Sadia CG, Bonneville JM, Zoh MG, Fodjo BK, Kouadio FPA, Oyou SK, Koudou BG, Adepo-Gourene BA, Reynaud S, David JP, Mouahamadou CS. The impact of agrochemical pollutant mixtures on the selection of insecticide resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae: insights from experimental evolution and transcriptomics. Malar J 2024; 23:69. [PMID: 38443984 PMCID: PMC10916200 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04791-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There are several indications that pesticides used in agriculture contribute to the emergence and spread of resistance of mosquitoes to vector control insecticides. However, the impact of such an indirect selection pressure has rarely been quantified and the molecular mechanisms involved are still poorly characterized. In this context, experimental selection with different agrochemical mixtures was conducted in Anopheles gambiae. The multi-generational impact of agrochemicals on insecticide resistance was evaluated by phenotypic and molecular approaches. METHODS Mosquito larvae were selected for 30 generations with three different agrochemical mixtures containing (i) insecticides, (ii) non-insecticides compounds, and (iii) both insecticide and non-insecticide compounds. Every five generations, the resistance of adults to deltamethrin and bendiocarb was monitored using bioassays. The frequencies of the kdr (L995F) and ace1 (G119S) target-site mutations were monitored every 10 generations. RNAseq was performed on all lines at generation 30 in order to identify gene transcription level variations and polymorphisms associated with each selection regime. RESULTS Larval selection with agrochemical mixtures did not affect bendiocarb resistance and did not select for ace1 mutation. Contrastingly, an increased deltamethrin resistance was observed in the three selected lines. Such increased resistance was not majorly associated with the presence of kdr L995F mutation in selected lines. RNA-seq identified 63 candidate resistance genes over-transcribed in at least one selected line. These include genes coding for detoxification enzymes or cuticular proteins previously associated with insecticide resistance, and other genes potentially associated with chemical stress response. Combining an allele frequency filtering with a Bayesian FST-based genome scan allowed to identify genes under selection across multiple genomic loci, supporting a multigenic adaptive response to agrochemical mixtures. CONCLUSION This study supports the role of agrochemical contaminants as a significant larval selection pressure favouring insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. Such selection pressures likely impact kdr mutations and detoxification enzymes, but also more generalist mechanisms such as cuticle resistance, which could potentially lead to cross-tolerance to unrelated insecticide compounds. Such indirect effect of global landscape pollution on mosquito resistance to public health insecticides deserves further attention since it can affect the nature and dynamics of resistance alleles circulating in malaria vectors and impact the efficacy of control vector strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christabelle G Sadia
- University of Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
| | - Jean-Marc Bonneville
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Marius G Zoh
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 38000, Grenoble, France
- Vector Control Product Evaluation Centre (VCPEC)/Institut Pierre Richet, Bouaké, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Behi K Fodjo
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - France-Paraudie A Kouadio
- University of Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Sebastien K Oyou
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | - Benjamin G Koudou
- University of Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques (CSRS), Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | - Stephane Reynaud
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 38000, Grenoble, France
| | - Jean-Philippe David
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA) UMR 5553, Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, 38000, Grenoble, France
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Mappin F, Bellantuono AJ, Ebrahimi B, DeGennaro M. Odor-evoked transcriptomics of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293018. [PMID: 37874813 PMCID: PMC10597520 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Modulation of odorant receptors mRNA induced by prolonged odor exposure is highly correlated with ligand-receptor interactions in Drosophila as well as mammals of the Muridae family. If this response feature is conserved in other organisms, this presents an intriguing initial screening tool when searching for novel receptor-ligand interactions in species with predominantly orphan olfactory receptors. We demonstrate that mRNA modulation in response to 1-octen-3-ol odor exposure occurs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. To investigate gene expression patterns at a global level, we generated an odor-evoked transcriptome associated with 1-octen-3-ol odor exposure. Transcriptomic data revealed that ORs and OBPs were transcriptionally responsive whereas other chemosensory gene families showed little to no differential expression. Alongside chemosensory gene expression changes, transcriptomic analysis found that prolonged exposure to 1-octen-3-ol modulated xenobiotic response genes, primarily members of the cytochrome P450, insect cuticle proteins, and glucuronosyltransferases families. Together, these findings suggest that mRNA transcriptional modulation of olfactory receptors caused by prolonged odor exposure is pervasive across taxa and can be accompanied by the activation of xenobiotic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredis Mappin
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Anthony J. Bellantuono
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Babak Ebrahimi
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | - Matthew DeGennaro
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
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Mappin F, Bellantuono AJ, Ebrahimi B, DeGennaro M. Odor-evoked transcriptomics of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.03.12.532230. [PMID: 36993705 PMCID: PMC10055012 DOI: 10.1101/2023.03.12.532230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Modulation of odorant receptors mRNA induced by prolonged odor exposure is highly correlated with ligand-receptor interactions in Drosophila as well as mammals of the Muridae family. If this response feature is conserved in other organisms, this presents a potentially potent initial screening tool when searching for novel receptor-ligand interactions in species with predominantly orphan olfactory receptors. We demonstrate that mRNA modulation in response to 1-octen-3-ol odor exposure occurs in a time- and concentration-dependent manner in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. To investigate gene expression patterns at a global level, we generated an odor-evoked transcriptome associated with 1-octen-3-ol odor exposure. Transcriptomic data revealed that ORs and OBPs were transcriptionally responsive whereas other chemosensory gene families showed little to no differential expression. Alongside chemosensory gene expression changes, transcriptomic analysis found that prolonged exposure to 1-octen-3-ol modulated xenobiotic response genes, primarily members of the cytochrome P450, insect cuticle proteins, and glucuronosyltransferases families. Together, these findings suggest that mRNA transcriptional modulation caused by prolonged odor exposure is pervasive across taxa and accompanied by the activation of xenobiotic responses. Furthermore, odor-evoked transcriptomics create a potential screening tool for filtering and identification of chemosensory and xenobiotic targets of interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredis Mappin
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Anthony J. Bellantuono
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Babak Ebrahimi
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
| | - Matthew DeGennaro
- Department of Biological Sciences & Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL 33199, USA
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Reference genes selection for expression studies in Maconellicoccus hirsutus (Green) (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera) under specific experimental conditions. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:1221-1230. [PMID: 36436078 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-08120-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maconellicoccus hirsutus is a destructive pest which causes severe losses of agricultural and horticultural crops. For the management of M. hirsutus, many insecticides have been used and it has been exposed to insufficient dosage or uneven spray coverage which resulted in the development of insecticide resistance. Xenobiotic metabolism can be better understood with the help of gene expression studies by unveiling the underlying molecular mechanisms. The qRT-PCR is the simplest method to analyse gene expression, however, it highly relies on suitable reference genes concerning the different experimental conditions. METHODS AND RESULTS We evaluated the stability of five reference genes in two sets of experimental conditions viz. developmental stages (nymphs and adults) and agrochemical stress (GA3 and Buprofezin sprayed) against M. hirsutus, using different softwares-NormFinder, geNorm, BestKeeper, and RefFinder. The study revealed that ATP51a and GAPDH can be used as reference genes for gene expression studies when exposed to Gibberellic acid. Additionally, the study revealed that the ideal pair of reference genes for data validation in M. hirsutus treated with Buprofezin was GAPDH and β-tubulin. The ideal reference gene combination for various developmental stages was found to be 28S and Actin. CONCLUSION According to the study, GAPDH can be utilized as a reliable reference gene in the agrochemical (GA3 and Buprofezin) exposure set. The genes can be utilized as a suitable reference for qRT-PCR gene expression studies of xenobiotic metabolism to understand the underlying molecular mechanism, which will help further to design suitable management strategies.
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Cui Q, Zhu X, Guan G, Hui R, Zhu L, Wang J. Association of N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) with obesity among adult participants: Results from NHANES 2007-2016. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 307:135669. [PMID: 35835239 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.135669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between N,N-diethyl-m-toluamide (DEET) exposure and obesity-related outcomes in the general adult population using the data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS This cross-sectional study examined the data from the NHANES from 2007 to 2016 and totally evaluated 8,770 individuals. DEET's primary oxidative metabolite, 3-(diethylcarbamoyl) benzoic acid (DCBA), is a sensitive and specific indicator of DEET exposure. DCBA was divided into three groups based on the interquartile range. Body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were used to define obesity and abdominal obesity, respectively. The association among DCBA and obesity-related outcomes was evaluated using a multivariable linear and logistic regression model. RESULTS Overall, median age of participants was 46.0 (IQR 31.0, 59.0) years, with 4295 (49.2%) men, while median BMI and WC were 27.8 (24.0, 32.0) and 29.6 (86.6, 108.1) kg/m2, respectively. Approximately 3,251 (35.9%) cases of obesity and 4,778 cases (54.4%) of abdominal obesity were observed. In multivariable-adjusted linear regression models, as the tertiles of DCBA increased, BMI and WC monotonically increased regardless of the adjustments (all p for trend <0.01). By referring the lowest tertile of DCBA, the highest tertile was associated with a higher BMI (β = 0.83, 95% confidence intervals [CI] [0.45, 1.21]; p < 0.001) and WC (β = 1.59, 95% CI [0.59, 2.60]; p = 0.002). The multivariate odds ratios (95% CI) for obesity increased monotonically as 1.18 (0.97-1.44) and 1.36 (1.15-1.61) (p for trend 0.001). Similar associations between DCBA and the prevalence of abdominal obesity were observed across increasing DCBA tertiles compared with the reference tertile (OR = 1.22, 95% CI [1.02, 1.44]; OR = 1.28, 95% CI [1.08-1.54]; p for trend = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggested that higher DCBA concentrations are positively associated with the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity in the general adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwei Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China
| | - Xu Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, China
| | - Gongchang Guan
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China
| | - Rutai Hui
- Department of Cardiology, State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China.
| | - Junkui Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People's Hospital, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China; Department of Cardiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710000, China.
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Zoh MG, Tutagata J, Fodjo BK, Mouhamadou CS, Sadia CG, McBeath J, Schmitt F, Horstmann S, David JP, Reynaud S. Exposure of Anopheles gambiae larvae to a sub-lethal dose of an agrochemical mixture induces tolerance to adulticides used in vector control management. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2022; 248:106181. [PMID: 35504174 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2022.106181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The heavy use of pesticides in agricultural areas often leads to the contamination of nearby mosquito larvae breeding sites. Exposure to complex mixtures of agrochemicals can affect the insecticide sensitivity of mosquito larvae. Our study objective was to determine whether agrochemical residues in Anopheline larval breeding sites can affect the tolerance of adults to commonly used adulticides. We focussed on Fludora® Fusion, a vector control insecticide formulation combining two insecticides (deltamethrin and clothianidin) with different modes of action. An. gambiae larvae were exposed to a sub-lethal dose of a mixture of agrochemical pesticides used in a highly active agricultural area on the Ivory Coast. Comparative bioassays with Fludora Fusion mixture and its two insecticide components (deltamethrin and clothianidin) were carried out between adult mosquitoes exposed or not to the agrochemicals at the larval stage. A transcriptomic analysis using RNA sequencing was then performed on larvae and adults to study the molecular mechanisms underlying the phenotypic changes observed. Bioassays revealed a significantly increased tolerance of adult females to clothianidin (2.5-fold) and Fludora Fusion mixture (2.2-fold) following larval exposure to agrochemicals. Significantly increased tolerance to deltamethrin was not observed suggesting that insecticide exposure affects the adult efficacy of the Fludora Fusion mixture mainly through mechanisms acting on clothianidin. Transcriptomic analysis revealed the potential of agrochemicals to induce various resistance mechanisms including cuticle proteins, detoxification action and altered insecticide sequestration. These results suggest that although the Fludora Fusion mixture is effective for adult vector control, its efficacy may be locally affected by the ecological context. The present study also suggests that, although the complex interactions between the use of agrochemicals and vector control insecticides are difficult to decipher in the field, they still must be considered in the context of insecticide resistance management programmes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Gonse Zoh
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Jordan Tutagata
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Behi K Fodjo
- Centre Suisse de la Recherche Scientifique en Côte d'Ivoire, Côte d'Ivoire
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Jean-Philippe David
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Stéphane Reynaud
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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Sonhafouo-Chiana N, Nkahe LD, Kopya E, Awono-Ambene PH, Wanji S, Wondji CS, Antonio-Nkondjio C. Rapid evolution of insecticide resistance and patterns of pesticides usage in agriculture in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:186. [PMID: 35655243 PMCID: PMC9164381 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05321-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The practice of agriculture in urban settings contributes to the rapid expansion of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors. However, there is still not enough information on pesticide usage in most urban settings. The present study aims to assess the evolution of Anopheles gambiae (s.l.) population susceptibility to insecticides and patterns of pesticide usage in agriculture in the city of Yaoundé, Cameroon. METHODS WHO susceptibility tests and synergist PBO bioassays were conducted on adult An. gambiae (s.l.) mosquitoes aged 3 to 5 days emerging from larvae collected from the field. Seven insecticides (deltamethrin, permethrin, DDT, bendiocarb, propoxur, fenitrothion and malathion) were evaluated. The presence of target site mutation conferring knockdown (kdr) resistance was investigated using TaqMan assay, and mosquito species were identified using SINE-PCR. Surveys on 81 retailers and 232 farmers were conducted to assess general knowledge and practices regarding agricultural pesticide usage. RESULTS High resistance intensity to pyrethroids was observed with a high frequency of the kdr allele 1014F and low frequency of the kdr 1014S allele. The level of susceptibility of An. gambiae (s.l.) to pyrethroids and carbamates was found to decrease with time (from > 34% in 2017 to < 23% in 2019 for deltamethrin and permethrin and from 97% in 2017 to < 86% in 2019 for bendiocarb). Both An. gambiae (s.s.) and An. coluzzii were recorded. Over 150 pesticides and fertilizers were sold by retailers for agricultural purposes in the city of Yaoundé. Most farmers do not respect safety practices. Poor practices including extensive and inappropriate application of pesticides as well as poor management of perished pesticides and empty pesticide containers were also documented. CONCLUSIONS The study indicated rapid evolution of insecticide resistance and uncontrolled usage of pesticides by farmers in agriculture. There is an urgent need to address these gaps to improve the management of insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadège Sonhafouo-Chiana
- Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Leslie Diane Nkahe
- Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 337, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Edmond Kopya
- Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé I, P.O. Box 337, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Parfait Herman Awono-Ambene
- Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Samuel Wanji
- Parasites and Vector Research Unit (PAVRU), Department of Microbiology and Parasitology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon
- Research Foundation in Tropical Diseases and Environment (REFOTDE), P.O. Box 474, Buea, Cameroon
| | - Charles Sinclair Wondji
- Centre for Research in Infectious Diseases (CRID), P.O. BOX 13591, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA UK
| | - Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio
- Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte Contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), Institut de Recherche de Yaoundé (IRY), P.O. Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Vector Biology, Liverpool School of Tropical medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA UK
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Defining the mechanisms of action and mosquito larva midgut response to a yeast-encapsulated orange oil larvicide. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:183. [PMID: 35643588 PMCID: PMC9148471 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05307-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Yeast-encapsulated orange oil (YEOO) is a novel, ingestible larvicide that combines the benefits of a low-cost essential oil with yeast, an attractive food source for mosquito larvae. In this work, we investigated the underlying mechanisms of action associated with YEOO ingestion by Aedes aegypti larvae. METHODS Aedes aegypti third-stage larvae (L3) were treated with sublethal or lethal concentrations of YEOO. Genes associated with apoptosis, autophagy and innate immune responses were investigated by RT-qPCR in guts and carcasses dissected from treated and control larvae. Differential expression of cytochrome P450 genes in the CYP6 and CYP9 families were also investigated. Confocal and transmission electron microscopy were used to assess damage caused by YEOO throughout the larval alimentary canal. TUNEL was used to assess apoptosis via DNA fragmentation. RESULTS The apoptosis genes IAP1 and IAP2 in larvae displayed opposing effects following exposure to lethal doses of YEOO, with a 26-fold induction of IAP1 at 8 h post YEOO ingestion. The effector caspase CASPS8 displayed a 6.7-fold induction in the gut and concomitant 70-fold induction in the carcass at 8 h post YEOO ingestion. The midgut epithelia regenerator, Vein, had an 11-fold induction in the gut after 4 h and was repressed 7.6-fold in the carcass at 24 h. Sublethal concentrations (< LC50) led to significant differential expression of CYP6 and CYP9 genes. Midgut epithelial damage was highlighted by the destruction of microvilli, vacuolization of midgut cells and damage to cell junctions and basal lamina as early as 30 min. Larval type 2 peritrophic matrix structural integrity and porosity remain unchanged. CONCLUSION Our results strongly suggest that the robust larvicidal activity of YEOO is due to a generalized broad-acting mechanism combining epithelial damage and apoptosis, with concomitant expression of multiple innate response genes involved in epithelial regeneration and detoxification. YEOO's amenability for use as part of an integrated vector management program makes this novel larvicide a practical approach for mosquito larval control in the future.
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Carvalho-Costa TM, Tiveron RDR, Mendes MT, Barbosa CG, Nevoa JC, Roza GA, Silva MV, Figueiredo HCP, Rodrigues V, Soares SDC, Oliveira CJF. Salivary and Intestinal Transcriptomes Reveal Differential Gene Expression in Starving, Fed and Trypanosoma cruzi-Infected Rhodnius neglectus. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 11:773357. [PMID: 34988032 PMCID: PMC8722679 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.773357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodnius neglectus is a potential vector of Trypanosoma cruzi (Tc), the causative agent of Chagas disease. The salivary glands (SGs) and intestine (INT) are actively required during blood feeding. The saliva from SGs is injected into the vertebrate host, modulating immune responses and favoring feeding for INT digestion. Tc infection significantly alters the physiology of these tissues; however, studies that assess this are still scarce. This study aimed to gain a better understanding of the global transcriptional expression of genes in SGs and INT during fasting (FA), fed (FE), and fed in the presence of Tc (FE + Tc) conditions. In FA, the expression of transcripts related to homeostasis maintenance proteins during periods of stress was predominant. Therefore, the transcript levels of Tret1-like and Hsp70Ba proteins were increased. Blood appeared to be responsible for alterations found in the FE group, as most of the expressed transcripts, such as proteases and cathepsin D, were related to digestion. In FE + Tc group, there was a decreased expression of blood processing genes for insect metabolism (e.g., Antigen-5 precursor, Pr13a, and Obp), detoxification (Sult1) in INT and acid phosphatases in SG. We also found decreased transcriptional expression of lipocalins and nitrophorins in SG and two new proteins, pacifastin and diptericin, in INT. Several transcripts of unknown proteins with investigative potential were found in both tissues. Our results also show that the presence of Tc can change the expression in both tissues for a long or short period of time. While SG homeostasis seems to be re-established on day 9, changes in INT are still evident. The findings of this study may be used for future research on parasite-vector interactions and contribute to the understanding of food physiology and post-meal/infection in triatomines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamires Marielem Carvalho-Costa
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Rafael Destro Rosa Tiveron
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Maria Tays Mendes
- Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States
| | - Cecília Gomes Barbosa
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Jessica Coraiola Nevoa
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Augusto Roza
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Marcos Vinícius Silva
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | | | - Virmondes Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Siomar de Castro Soares
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
| | - Carlo José Freire Oliveira
- Laboratory of Immunology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Biological and Natural Sciences, Federal University of Triangulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Brazil
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Inductions of a CYP6 cluster conferring deltamethrin resistance in colonized and field-collected Culex pipiens pallens. Parasitol Res 2021; 121:75-85. [PMID: 34782935 DOI: 10.1007/s00436-021-07351-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Mosquitoes transmit many damaging vector-borne diseases. Unfortunately, the rise of insecticide resistance has become a major obstacle to mosquito control. A preliminary study showed that a CYP6 cluster is significant for deltamethrin resistance in colonized Culex pipiens pallens. Here, several field strains were collected to explore the association of the cluster in deltamethrin tolerance. We examined the effect of deltamethrin treatment on the cluster expression at a deltamethrin concentration of LC50 in these strains using five time points. As a result, both P450 induction and constitutive overexpression were associated with deltamethrin resistance. Deltamethrin could stimulate different expression sets in the P450 cluster in different strains, predominately correlated with the resistance level of the strain. Our results will offer more insight into working with the characterization of P450s related to insecticide resistance.
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11
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Sadia CG, Kouadio FPA, Fodjo BK, Oyou SK, Beatrice AGA, Koudou BG, Mouhamadou CS. Short-term metabolic resistance inductive effect of different agrochemical groups on Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. Wellcome Open Res 2021. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16876.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In order to assess the impact of the different groups of agricultural pesticides used in Côte d'Ivoire on the increase of mosquitoes resistance to insecticides, the expression profiles of 7 P450 cytochromes and one GSTE2 of Anopheles gambiae involved in mosquito resistance to insecticides were studied. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of short exposure of mosquito larvae to different groups of agricultural pesticides on mosquito resistance. Methods: Three groups of pesticides were selected: (i) agricultural insecticide solutions, (ii) non-insecticide pesticide solutions (a mixture of herbicides and fungicides), and (iii) a mixture of the first two. A fourth non-pesticide solution was used as a control. Four groups of each stage 2 larvae (strain Kisumu, male and female) were exposed to 20% concentrated solution for 24 hours. Susceptibility tests for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Deltamethrin were carried out on adults aged 2-5 days. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to quantify the expression of eight metabolic genes involved in mosquito resistance to insecticides. Results: Susceptibility to DDT showed a similar increase in the time required to knock down 50% of mosquitoes (kdt50) in l colonies exposed to insecticides and non-insecticides compared to the control colony. As for deltamethrin, kdt50 was higher in the colonies exposed to insecticides and the pesticide mixture compared to the colony exposed to non-insecticides. Of all the genes studied in all colonies, except for CYP6P1 induced only in the colony consisting of the pesticide mixture, no genes were induced. Conclusions: This study confirmed that induction is influenced by the duration, the concentration of the solution and the type of xenobiotic used as an inducer. The overexpression of CYP6P1 confirmed the inductive effect that a short exposure of mosquito larvae to agricultural pesticides could have.
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12
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Koloski CW, Cassone BJ. Transcriptional profiling of Dermacentor variabilis (Acari: Ixodidae) provides insights into the role of the Haller's organ in spatial DEET recognition. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2021; 13:101827. [PMID: 34610525 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2021.101827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
DEET is the most common active ingredient in commercial repellents, providing effective protection against blood-sucking insects and ticks. However, its mode of action is not fully understood, with several theories put forward to explain its repellency effect. Unique to ticks, the Haller's organ recognizes a variety of external stimuli through non-contact mechanisms, yet the extent to which the organ plays a role in tick chemoreception is not fully known. We previously found that DEET inhibited the expression/activity of cytochrome P450s and cholinesterases in Dermacentor variabilis, however, our experimental design could not distinguish between sexes (males/females), method of exposure (volatile/tactile) or the roles of chemosensory tissues (Haller's organ). In this study, we used RNA sequencing to assess changes in transcript expression induced by volatile DEET in D. variabilis males/females with/without intact Haller's organs. Male ticks showed much greater transcriptional responses to DEET than females, which may be at least partially attributed to the sexual dimorphism of the Haller's organ. Female transcript expression profiles were most influenced by condition (i.e., intact/excised Haller's organs) with minimal changes due to repellent exposure. On the other hand, removal of the Haller's organs caused DEET treated male ticks to exhibit similar expression profiles as control (ethanol) ticks with intact Haller's organs. Consequently, the transcript-level responses to spatial DEET exposure appears largely based on males possessing their Haller's organs. The molecular signature of this response included the suppression of a large number of transcripts involved in detoxification, lipid metabolism and immunity. Taken collectively, this study furthers our understanding of the Haller's organ role in volatile DEET recognition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cody W Koloski
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R78 6A9, Canada
| | - Bryan J Cassone
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R78 6A9, Canada.
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13
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Zoh MG, Gaude T, Prud'homme SM, Riaz MA, David JP, Reynaud S. Molecular bases of P450-mediated resistance to the neonicotinoid insecticide imidacloprid in the mosquito Ae. aegypti. AQUATIC TOXICOLOGY (AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS) 2021; 236:105860. [PMID: 34015756 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2021.105860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to chemical insecticides including pyrethroids, the main insecticide class used against mosquitoes, has re-kindled interest in the use of neonicotinoids. In this context, the present study aimed to characterize the molecular basis of neonicotinoid resistance in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. Resistance mechanisms were studied by combining transcriptomic and genomic data obtained from a laboratory strain selected at the larval stage after 30 generations of exposure to imidacloprid (Imida-R line). After thirty generations of selection, larvae of the Imida-R line showed an 8-fold increased resistance to imidacloprid and a significant cross-tolerance to the pyrethroids permethrin and deltamethrin. Cross-resistance to pyrethroids was only observed in adults when larvae were previously exposed to imidacloprid suggesting a low but inducible expression of resistance alleles at the adult stage. Resistance of the Imida-R line was associated with a slower larval development time in females. Multiple detoxification enzymes were over-transcribed in larvae in association with resistance including the P450s CYP6BB2, CYP9M9 and CYP6M11 previously associated with pyrethroid resistance. Some of them together with their redox partner NADPH P450 reductase were also affected by non-synonymous mutations associated with resistance. Combining genomic and transcriptomic data allowed identifying promoter variations associated with the up-regulation of CYP6BB2 in the resistant line. Overall, these data confirm the key role of P450s in neonicotinoid resistance in Ae. aegypti and their potential to confer cross-resistance to pyrethroids, raising concerns about the use of neonicotinoids for resistance management in this mosquito species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marius Gonse Zoh
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Thierry Gaude
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | | | - Muhammad Asam Riaz
- Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha Pakistan.
| | - Jean-Philippe David
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
| | - Stéphane Reynaud
- Univ. Grenoble-Alpes, Univ. Savoie Mont Blanc, CNRS, LECA, 38000 Grenoble, France.
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14
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Durant AC, Grieco Guardian E, Kolosov D, Donini A. The transcriptome of anal papillae of Aedes aegypti reveals their importance in xenobiotic detoxification and adds significant knowledge on ion, water and ammonia transport mechanisms. JOURNAL OF INSECT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 132:104269. [PMID: 34174320 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinsphys.2021.104269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The anal papillae of mosquito larvae are osmoregulatory organs in direct contact with the external aquatic environment that actively sequester ions and take up water in dilute freshwater. In the disease vector Aedes aegypti mechanisms of ion, water and ammonia transport have only been partially resolved. Furthermore, A. aegypti larvae are known to reside in high ammonia sewage and high salt brackish waters, and understanding of anal papillae function in these conditions is in its infancy. The objective of this study was to identify the complement of ion and water transport genes expressed by the anal papillae of freshwater larvae by sequencing their transcriptome, and comparing their expression in anal papillae of larvae abruptly transferred to brackish water for 24 h. Results identified a number of ion and water transport proteins, ammonia detoxifying enzymes, a full suite of xenobiotic detoxifying enzymes and transporters, and G-protein coupled receptors of specific hormones. We identified a marked increase in transcript and protein abundance of aquaporin AaAQP2 in the anal papillae with abrupt transfer to brackish water. We present an updated and more comprehensive model for ion and water transport with additional putative transporters for Na+ and Cl- uptake in the anal papillae. These are organs which are actively engaged in Na+, Cl- and water uptake and regulation when the aquatic larvae encounter fluctuating salinities over the course of their development. Furthermore the transcriptome of the anal papillae includes a full set of xenobiotic detoxification genes suggesting that these are important detoxification organs which is particularly important when larvae reside in polluted water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea C Durant
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Elia Grieco Guardian
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Dennis Kolosov
- Department of Biological Sciences, California State University San Marcos, 333 S. Twin Oaks Valley Rd., San Marcos, CA 92096, USA
| | - Andrew Donini
- Department of Biology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada.
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15
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Sadia CG, Kouadio FPA, Fodjo BK, Oyou SK, Beatrice AGA, Koudou BG, Mouhamadou CS. Short-term metabolic resistance inductive effect of different agrochemical groups on Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes. Wellcome Open Res 2021. [DOI: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.16876.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: In order to assess the impact of the different groups of agricultural pesticides used in Côte d'Ivoire on the increase of mosquitoes resistance to insecticides, the expression profiles of 7 P450 cytochromes and one GSTE2 of Anopheles gambiae involved in mosquito resistance to insecticides were studied. The goal of this study was to determine the effect of short exposure of mosquito larvae to different groups of agricultural pesticides on mosquito resistance. Methods: Three groups of pesticides were selected: (i) agricultural insecticide solutions, (ii) none-insecticide pesticide solutions (a mixture of herbicides and fungicides), and (iii) a mixture of the first two. A fourth non-pesticide solution was used as a control. Four groups of each stage 2 larvae (strain Kisumu, male and female) were exposed to 20% concentrated solution for 24 hours. Susceptibility tests for dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and Deltamethrin were carried out on adults aged 2-5 days. Quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to quantify the expression of eight metabolic genes involved in mosquito resistance to insecticides. Results: Susceptibility to DDT showed a similar increase in the time required to knock down 50% of mosquitoes (kdt50) in l colonies exposed to insecticides and none-insecticides compared to the control colony. As for deltamethrin, kdt50 was higher in the colonies exposed to insecticides and the pesticide mixture compared to the colony exposed to none-insecticides. Of all the genes studied in all colonies, except for CYP6P1 induced only in the colony consisting of the pesticide mixture, no genes were induced. Conclusions: This study confirmed that induction is influenced by the duration, the concentration of the solution and the type of xenobiotic used as an inducer. The overexpression of CYP6P1 confirmed the inductive effect that a short exposure of mosquito larvae to agricultural pesticides could have.
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16
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Njoroge TM, Calla B, Berenbaum MR, Stone CM. Specific phytochemicals in floral nectar up-regulate genes involved in longevity regulation and xenobiotic metabolism, extending mosquito life span. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:8363-8380. [PMID: 34188892 PMCID: PMC8216986 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
During nectar feeding, mosquitoes ingest a plethora of phytochemicals present in nectar. The ecological and physiological impacts of these ingested phytochemicals on the disease vectors are poorly understood. In this study, we evaluated the effects of three nectar phytochemicals-- caffeine, p-coumaric acid, and quercetin--on longevity, fecundity, and sugar-feeding behavior of the Asian tiger mosquito (Aedes albopictus). Adult females of Ae. albopictus were provided continuous access to 10% sucrose supplemented with one of the three phytochemicals and their fecundity, longevity, and the amount of sucrose consumed determined. Transcriptome response of Ae. albopictus females to p-coumaric acid and quercetin was also evaluated. Dietary quercetin and p-coumaric acid enhanced the longevity of female Ae. albopictus, while caffeine resulted in reduced sugar consumption and enhanced fecundity of gravid females. RNA-seq analyses identified 237 genes that were differentially expressed (DE) in mosquitoes consuming p-coumaric acid or quercetin relative to mosquitoes consuming an unamended sucrose solution diet. Among the DE genes, several encoding antioxidant enzymes, cytochrome P450s, and heat shock proteins were upregulated, whereas histones were downregulated. Overall, our findings show that consuming certain nectar phytochemicals can enhance adult longevity of female Asian tiger mosquitoes, apparently by differentially regulating the expression level of genes involved in longevity and xenobiotic metabolism; this has potential impacts not only on life span but also on vectorial capacity and insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teresia M. Njoroge
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Bernarda Calla
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - May R. Berenbaum
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
| | - Christopher M. Stone
- Department of EntomologyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaILUSA
- Illinois Natural History SurveyUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignChampaignILUSA
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17
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Jiang D, Wu S, Tan M, Jiang H, Yan S. The susceptibility of Lymantria dispar larvae to Beauveria bassiana under Cd stress: A multi-omics study. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 276:116740. [PMID: 33611203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.116740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Insect susceptibility to entomopathogenic microorganisms under heavy metal stress, as well as its regulatory mechanism is still poorly understood. This study aims to investigate the susceptibility of gypsy moth larvae to Beauveria bassiana under cadmium (Cd) stress (at 3.248 or 44.473 mg Cd/kg fresh food), and reveal the potential molecular mechanisms underlying the Cd effect on the larval susceptibility to B. bassiana via combined transcriptome and proteome analyses. Our results showed that pre-exposure to Cd increased the susceptibility of gypsy moth larvae to B. bassiana, and there was an additive effect between Cd exposure and B. bassiana infection on the larval mortality. Under the Cd stress at low and high concentrations, 138 and 899 differentially expressed genes (DEGs), as well as 514 and 840 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were identified, respectively. Immunotoxic effects induced by Cd exposure at the transcription level increased in a negative dose-response manner, with no immunity-related DEGs obtained at the low Cd concentration and a high number of immunity-related DEGs down-regulated at the high Cd concentration. In contrast, a potentially suppressed or stimulated trend in the Toll and Imd signaling pathway at protein level was revealed under low or high concentration of Cd treatment. Analysis of xenobiotics biodegradation-related pathways at both transcription and translation levels revealed that the gypsy moth larvae possessed an efficient homeostasis regulatory mechanism to the low-level Cd exposure, but exhibited a reduced xenobiotics biodegradation capability to the Cd stress at high levels. Together, these findings demonstrate Cd contamination promote the microbial-based biocontrol efficacy, and unravel the molecular regulatory network of heavy metal exposures that affects susceptibility of insects to pathogenic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dun Jiang
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Shuai Wu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Mingtao Tan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Institute of Agricultural and Poultry Products Comprehensive Utilization, Heilongjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences, Harbin, 150040, PR China
| | - Shanchun Yan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China; Key Laboratory of Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Management-Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, PR China.
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18
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Duthaler U, Weber M, Hofer L, Chaccour C, Maia M, Müller P, Krähenbühl S, Hammann F. The pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions of ivermectin in Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. PLoS Pathog 2021; 17:e1009382. [PMID: 33730100 PMCID: PMC7968666 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1009382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Mosquitoes are vectors of major diseases such as dengue fever and malaria. Mass drug administration of endectocides to humans and livestock is a promising complementary approach to current insecticide-based vector control measures. The aim of this study was to establish an insect model for pharmacokinetic and drug-drug interaction studies to develop sustainable endectocides for vector control. Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes were fed with human blood containing either ivermectin alone or ivermectin in combination with ketoconazole, rifampicin, ritonavir, or piperonyl butoxide. Drug concentrations were quantified by LC-MS/MS at selected time points post-feeding. Primary pharmacokinetic parameters and extent of drug-drug interactions were calculated by pharmacometric modelling. Lastly, the drug effect of the treatments was examined. The mosquitoes could be dosed with a high precision (%CV: ≤13.4%) over a range of 0.01–1 μg/ml ivermectin without showing saturation (R2: 0.99). The kinetics of ivermectin were characterised by an initial lag phase of 18.5 h (CI90%: 17.0–19.8 h) followed by a slow zero-order elimination rate of 5.5 pg/h (CI90%: 5.1–5.9 pg/h). By contrast, ketoconazole, ritonavir, and piperonyl butoxide were immediately excreted following first order elimination, whereas rifampicin accumulated over days in the mosquitoes. Ritonavir increased the lag phase of ivermectin by 11.4 h (CI90%: 8.7–14.2 h) resulting in an increased exposure (+29%) and an enhanced mosquitocidal effect. In summary, this study shows that the pharmacokinetics of drugs can be investigated and modulated in an Ae. aegypti animal model. This may help in the development of novel vector-control interventions and further our understanding of toxicology in arthropods. Mosquitoes are responsible for the transmission of pathogens, which cause diseases that are of major health significance such as dengue fever and malaria. Preventive strategies involving the use of insecticides, however, have led to the emergence of resistant mosquitoes. Consequently, development of complementary approaches is urgently needed to stop the spread of these pathogens. Our study reports on a pioneering approach to investigate how well drugs are taken up by the mosquitoes and how long they reside in their body. We focused on ivermectin, which is toxic for mosquitoes, and several drugs that interfere with drug metabolising enzymes. We demonstrated that the exposure of drugs can be precisely determined in individual mosquitoes and that drugs interact with each other in the same way as observed in vertebrates. In this regard, we were able to increase the exposure and mosquito toxicity of ivermectin by co-administering ritonavir, a broad-spectrum inhibitor of drug metabolising enzymes. This study establishes Aedes mosquitoes as a new model organism for pharmacokinetic studies. It opens the door for the investigation of novel insecticide strategies and optimisation of lead compounds against mosquitoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Urs Duthaler
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- * E-mail:
| | - Michael Weber
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Lorenz Hofer
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Carlos Chaccour
- ISGlobal, Hospital Clínic—Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
- Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
- Ifakara Health Institute, Ifakara, United Republic of Tanzania
| | - Marta Maia
- Kenyan Medical Research Institute, Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Department of Biosciences, Kilifi, Kenya
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Medicine, Centre for Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Pie Müller
- Swiss Tropical and Public Health institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Stephan Krähenbühl
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Felix Hammann
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Biomedicine, University and University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of General Internal Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
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19
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Epelboin Y, Wang L, Giai Gianetto Q, Choumet V, Gaborit P, Issaly J, Guidez A, Douché T, Chaze T, Matondo M, Dusfour I. CYP450 core involvement in multiple resistance strains of Aedes aegypti from French Guiana highlighted by proteomics, molecular and biochemical studies. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0243992. [PMID: 33428654 PMCID: PMC7799788 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0243992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Insecticide resistance is a worldwide threat for vector control around the world, and Aedes aegypti, the main vector of several arboviruses, is a particular concern. To better understand the mechanisms of resistance, four isofemale strains originally from French Guiana were isolated and analysed using combined approaches. The activity of detoxification enzymes involved in insecticide resistance was assayed, and mutations located at positions 1016 and 1534 of the sodium voltage-gated channel gene, which have been associated with pyrethroid resistance in Aedes aegypti populations in Latin America, were monitored. Resistance to other insecticide families (organophosphates and carbamates) was evaluated. A large-scale proteomic analysis was performed to identify proteins involved in insecticide resistance. Our results revealed a metabolic resistance and resistance associated with a mutation of the sodium voltage-gated channel gene at position 1016. Metabolic resistance was mediated through an increase of esterase activity in most strains but also through the shifts in the abundance of several cytochrome P450 (CYP450s). Overall, resistance to deltamethrin was linked in the isofemale strains to resistance to other class of insecticides, suggesting that cross- and multiple resistance occur through selection of mechanisms of metabolic resistance. These results give some insights into resistance to deltamethrin and into multiple resistance phenomena in populations of Ae. aegypti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanouk Epelboin
- Unité d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Lanjiao Wang
- Unité d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Quentin Giai Gianetto
- Proteomics Platform, Mass Spectrometry for Biology Unit, USR CNRS 2000, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
- Bioinformatics and Biostatistics HUB, Computational Biology Department, USR CNRS 3756, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Valérie Choumet
- Environment and Infectious risks Unit, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Pascal Gaborit
- Unité d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Jean Issaly
- Unité d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Amandine Guidez
- Unité d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
| | - Thibaut Douché
- Proteomics Platform, Mass Spectrometry for Biology Unit, USR CNRS 2000, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Thibault Chaze
- Proteomics Platform, Mass Spectrometry for Biology Unit, USR CNRS 2000, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Mariette Matondo
- Proteomics Platform, Mass Spectrometry for Biology Unit, USR CNRS 2000, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Dusfour
- Unité d’Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de la Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana, France
- Global Health department, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France
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20
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Nagar G, Upadhaya D, Sharma AK, Kumar R, Fular A, Ghosh S. Association between overexpression of cytochrome P450 genes and deltamethrin resistance in Rhipicephalus microplus. Ticks Tick Borne Dis 2020; 12:101610. [PMID: 33285351 DOI: 10.1016/j.ttbdis.2020.101610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases mediated metabolic detoxification has been recognized as one of the mechanisms involved in resistance to pyrethroids, which is a class of pesticides that includes acaricides such as deltamethrin. Several cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes were identified in arthropod pests which are upregulated in response to exposure to pesticides used as acaricides. However, to date, limited information is available with respect to CYP genes and their response to acaricide exposure in ticks. We cloned and sequenced four CYP genes, the CYP41, CYP3006G8, CYP319A1 and CYP4W1 from reference susceptible IVRI-I strain of Rhipicephalus microplus. The expression pattern of the genes was investigated using qPCR in reference susceptible IVRI-I, pyrethroid-resistant IVRI-IV and multi-acaricide resistant IVRI-V strains. The effect of a single exposure of deltamethrin, at a concentration of 2600 μg/mL and 299.7 μg/mL on IVRI-IV and IVRI-V strains, respectively, on the expression of the four CYP genes was evaluated. In IVRI-IV strain, the CYP41 gene was highly overexpressed (FC 8.72) while CYP3006G8 was underexpressed with FC of 0.06. All the four genes were overexpressed in IVRI-V strain. After exposure to deltamethrin, the CYP3006G8 transcript levels were significantly upregulated at all time intervals in both resistant strains with the highest FC of 11.62 at 12 h in IVRI-IV and 13.38 at 3 h in IVRI-V. Our results suggest that the constitutive overexpression of CYP41 and deltamethrin induced upregulation of CYP3006G8 contribute to the development of pyrethroid resistance, specifically deltamethrin, in these two reference strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaurav Nagar
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Deepak Upadhaya
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Anil Kumar Sharma
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Rinesh Kumar
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Ashutosh Fular
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India
| | - Srikant Ghosh
- Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, 243122, U.P., India.
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21
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Dos Santos CR, de Melo Rodovalho C, Jablonka W, Martins AJ, Lima JBP, Dos Santos Dias L, da Silva Neto MAC, Atella GC. Insecticide resistance, fitness and susceptibility to Zika infection of an interbred Aedes aegypti population from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Parasit Vectors 2020; 13:293. [PMID: 32513248 PMCID: PMC7281914 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-020-04166-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Aedes aegypti is a vector of high relevance, since it transmits several arboviruses, including dengue, chikungunya and Zika. Studies on vector biology are usually conducted with laboratory strains presenting a divergent genetic composition from field populations. This may impair vector control policies that were based on laboratory observations employing only long maintained laboratory strains. In the present study we characterized a laboratory strain interbreed with Ae. aegypti collected from five different localities in Rio de Janeiro (Aedes Rio), for insecticide resistance (IR), IR mechanisms, fitness and Zika virus infection. Methods We compared the recently established Aedes Rio with the laboratory reference strain Rockefeller. Insecticide resistance (deltamethrin, malathion and temephos), activity of metabolic resistance enzymes and kdr mutation frequency were determined. Some life table parameters (longevity, blood-feeding, number and egg viability) and Zika virus susceptibility was also determined. Results Aedes Rio showed resistance to deltamethrin (resistance ratio, RR50 = 32.6) and temephos (RR50 = 7.0) and elevated activity of glutathione S-transferase (GST) and esterases (α-EST and pNPA-EST), but not acetylcholinesterase (AChE). In total, 92.1% of males genotyped for kdr presented a “resistant” genotype. Weekly blood-fed females from both strains, presented reduced mortality compared to sucrose-fed mosquitoes; however, Aedes Rio blood-fed females did not live as long (mean lifespan: Rockefeller = 70 ± 3.07; Aedes Rio = 53.5 ± 2.16 days). There were no differences between strains in relation to blood-feeding and number of eggs, but Aedes Rio eggs presented reduced viability (mean hatch: Rockefeller = 77.79 ± 1.4%; Aedes Rio = 58.57 ± 1.77%). Zika virus infection (plaque-forming unit, PFU) was similar in both strains (mean PFU ± SE: Aedes Rio: 4.53 × 104 ± 1.14 × 104 PFU; Rockefeller: 2.02 × 104 ± 0.71 × 104 PFU). Conclusion Selected conditions in the field, such as IR mechanisms, may result in pleiotropic effects that interfere in general physiology of the insect. Therefore, it is important to well characterize field populations to be tested in parallel with laboratory reference strains. This practice would improve the significance of laboratory tests for vector control methods.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlucio Rocha Dos Santos
- Laboratório de Sinalização Celular Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. .,Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
| | - Cynara de Melo Rodovalho
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Willy Jablonka
- Laboratório de Sinalização Celular Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ademir Jesus Martins
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - José Bento Pereira Lima
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Luciana Dos Santos Dias
- Laboratório de Fisiologia e Controle de Artrópodes Vetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.,Laboratório de Entomologia, Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Mário Alberto Cardoso da Silva Neto
- Laboratório de Sinalização Celular Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Georgia Correa Atella
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Lipídios e Lipoproteínas, Programa de Biologia Molecular e Biotecnologia, Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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22
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Bai-Zhong Z, Xu S, Cong-Ai Z, Liu-Yang L, Ya-She L, Xing G, Dong-Mei C, Zhang P, MIng-Wang S, Xi-Ling C. Silencing of Cytochrome P450 in Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) by RNA Interference Enhances Susceptibility to Chlorantraniliprole. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2020; 20:5850352. [PMID: 32484869 PMCID: PMC7266073 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaa047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), has caused significant losses for crop production in China. The fall armyworm is mainly controlled by the chemical insecticides, whereas the frequent application of insecticides would result in the resistance development. Insect cytochrome P450 monooxygenases play an essential part in the detoxification of insecticides. In this study, five P450 genes were selected to determine the role in response to insecticides by RNA interference (RNAi). Developmental expression pattern analysis revealed that S. frugiperda CYP321A8, CYP321A9, and CYP321B1 were highest in second-instar larvae among developmental stages, with 2.04-, 3.39-, and 8.58-fold compared with eggs, whereas CYP337B5 and CYP6AE44 were highest in adult stage, with 16.3- and 10.6-fold in comparison of eggs, respectively. Tissue-specific expression pattern analysis exhibited that CYP321A8, CYP321B1, and CYP6AE44 were highest in the midguts, with 3.56-, 3.33-, and 3.04-fold compared with heads, whereas CYP321A9 and CYP337B5 were highest in wings, with 3.07- and 3.36-fold compared with heads, respectively. RNAi was also conducted to explore detoxification effects of the five P450 genes on chlorantraniliprole. The second-instar larvae became more sensitive to chlorantraniliprole with a higher mortality rate than the control, after silencing CYP321A8, CYP321A9, and CYP321B1, respectively. These findings strongly supported our viewpoint that CYP321A8, CYP321A9, and CYP321B1 may play a critical role in insecticide detoxification. It will provide a basis for further study on regulation of P450 genes and the management of S. frugiperda.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Bai-Zhong
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Su Xu
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Zhen Cong-Ai
- Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Lu Liu-Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Li Ya-She
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Ge Xing
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Chen Dong-Mei
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Pei Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Shi MIng-Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
| | - Chen Xi-Ling
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, Henan Province, P.R. China
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23
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Zhang L, Yang J, Li H, You J, Chatterjee N, Zhang X. Development of the transcriptome for a sediment ecotoxicological model species, Chironomus dilutus. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 244:125541. [PMID: 32050339 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.125541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2019] [Revised: 11/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chironomus dilutus is a prominent model species in conventional sediment toxicity testing and sediment contamination diagnosis. However, lack of genomic data significantly limited its application in identifying toxicological mode of action (MOA) and molecular biomarkers of toxicants. Here the transcriptome of C. dilutus in full life span and both sexes (1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar larvae, pupae, and adults) were developed and temporal gene expression across adjacent life stages were investigated to understand the regulation of development. Furthermore, transcriptional response of Midges (the 4th instar larvae) exposed to chemicals of different MOAs (CdCl2, nonylphenol and triclosan) were profiled based on the reference transcriptome. Consequently, a complete transcriptome of 31132 unigenes with N50 of 3117bp, covering 98.8% of the arthropod single-copy orthologs were assembled. While 364 genes were differentially expressed among adjacent larval stages, 7142 and 2127 of transcripts were significantly changed for the transition of larvae-pupae and pupae-adults, respectively. Finally, chemical-specific gene expression profile were identified in the midges, showed its potential in classifying distinct contaminants. Overall, the comprehensive transcriptome of C. dilutus developed here could not only facilitate the mechanistic understanding of environmental toxicants during critical life stage of aquatic insects, but also provide molecular diagnostic tools in sediment ecotoxicology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Jianghua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Huizhen Li
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China.
| | - Jing You
- School of Environment and Guangdong Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution and Health, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510632, China
| | - Nivedita Chatterjee
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Xiaowei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control & Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China.
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24
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Lien NTK, Ngoc NTH, Lan NN, Hien NT, Tung NV, Ngan NTT, Hoang NH, Binh NTH. Transcriptome Sequencing and Analysis of Changes Associated with Insecticide Resistance in the Dengue Mosquito ( Aedes aegypti) in Vietnam. Am J Trop Med Hyg 2020; 100:1240-1248. [PMID: 30834881 DOI: 10.4269/ajtmh.18-0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The mosquito Aedes aegypti is a transmission vector for dangerous epidemic diseases in humans. Insecticides have been used as the most general vector control method in the world. However, Ae. aegypti have developed many resistant mechanisms such as reduced neuronal sensitivity to insecticides (target-site resistance), enhanced insecticide metabolism (metabolic resistance), altered transport, sequestration, and other mechanisms. It has become a major problem for vector control programs. Transcriptome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis were used to compare transcription levels between a susceptible strain (Bora7) and a resistant strain (KhanhHoa7) collected from the field. A total of 161 million Illumina reads, including 66,076,678 reads from the Bora7 strain and 69,606,654 reads from the KhanhHoa7 strain, were generated and assembled into 11,174 genes. A comparison of the KhanhHoa7 transcriptome to that of Bora7 showed 672 upregulated genes and 488 downregulated genes. We identified the highly upregulated genes: cytochrome P450 4C1, 4C3, 4C21, 4D1, 4D1 isoform X2, 4D2, 4D2 isoform X2, 4G15, 6A2, 6A8, 6D3, and 9E2; Glutathione S transferase (GST1), UGT1-3, 1-7, 2B15, and 2B37; binding cassette transporter (ABC) transporter F family member 4 and ABC transporter G family member 20. Interestingly, there was a significant increase in the expression of the genes such as CYP9E2 (8.3-fold), CYP6A8 (5.9-fold), CYP6D3 (5.4-fold), CYP4C21 (5.4-fold), CYP4G15 (5.2-fold), GST1 (3.5-fold), and ABC transporter 4 (2.1-fold). Our results suggested a potential relationship between the expression of the genes in metabolic processes and insecticide resistance in the studied strain. These results may contribute to the understanding of the mechanisms of insecticide resistance in Ae. aegypti.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Thi Kim Lien
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Nguyen Ngoc Lan
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thu Hien
- Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Van Tung
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Thi Thanh Ngan
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Nguyen Huy Hoang
- Institute of Genome Research, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam.,Graduate University of Science and Technology, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam
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25
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Zhang W, Yao Y, Wang H, Liu Z, Ma L, Wang Y, Xu B. The Roles of Four Novel P450 Genes in Pesticides Resistance in Apis cerana cerana Fabricius: Expression Levels and Detoxification Efficiency. Front Genet 2019; 10:1000. [PMID: 31803222 PMCID: PMC6873825 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (P450s) are widely distributed multifunctional enzymes that play crucial roles in insecticide detoxification or activation. In this study, to ascertain the molecular mechanisms of P450s in the detoxification of Chinese honeybees, Apis cerana cerana Fabricius (A. c. cerana), we isolated and characterized four new P450 genes (Acc301A1, Acc303A1, Acc306A1, and Acc315A1). The open reading frames of the four genes are 1263 to 1608 bp in length and encode four predicted polypeptides of 499 to 517 amino acids in length. Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) results showed that expression of all four genes was observed in all developmental stages. In addition, Western blot assays further indicated the RT-qPCR results that showed that the four genes were induced by pesticide (thiamethoxam, deltamethrin, dichlorovos, and paraquat) treatments. Furthermore, we also used double-stranded RNA-mediated RNA interference to investigate the functions of Acc301A1, Acc303A1,and Acc306A1 in the antioxidant defense of honeybees. RNA interference targeting Acc301A1, Acc303A1, and Acc306A1 significantly increased the mortality rate of A. c. cerana upon pesticide treatment. These results provide important evidence about the role of the four P450 genes involved in detoxification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weixing Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Yufeng Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Hongfang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Zhenguo Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Lanting Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
| | - Baohua Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai´an, China
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26
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Dada N, Lol JC, Benedict AC, López F, Sheth M, Dzuris N, Padilla N, Lenhart A. Pyrethroid exposure alters internal and cuticle surface bacterial communities in Anopheles albimanus. THE ISME JOURNAL 2019; 13:2447-2464. [PMID: 31171859 PMCID: PMC6776023 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-019-0445-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
A deeper understanding of the mechanisms underlying insecticide resistance is needed to mitigate its threat to malaria vector control. Following previously identified associations between mosquito microbiota and insecticide resistance, we demonstrate for the first time, the effects of pyrethroid exposure on the microbiota of F1 progeny of field-collected Anopheles albimanus. Larval and adult mosquitoes were exposed to the pyrethroids alphacypermethrin (only adults), permethrin, and deltamethrin. While there were no significant differences in bacterial composition between insecticide-resistant and insecticide-susceptible mosquitoes, bacterial composition between insecticide-exposed and non-exposed mosquitoes was significantly different for alphacypermethrin and permethrin exposure. Along with other bacterial taxa not identified to species, Pantoea agglomerans (a known insecticide-degrading bacterial species) and Pseudomonas fragi were more abundant in insecticide-exposed compared to non-exposed adults, demonstrating that insecticide exposure can alter mosquito bacterial communities. We also show for the first time that the cuticle surfaces of both larval and adult An. albimanus harbor more diverse bacterial communities than their internal microbial niches. Together, these findings demonstrate how insecticide pressure could be selecting for certain bacteria within mosquitoes, especially insecticide-metabolizing bacteria, thus potentially contributing to insecticide resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nsa Dada
- Entomology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA.
- American Society for Microbiology, Washington, DC, USA.
| | - Juan C Lol
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Vectores, Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Ana Cristina Benedict
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Vectores, Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Francisco López
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Vectores, Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Mili Sheth
- Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, Division of Scientific Resources, National Center for Emerging & Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Nicole Dzuris
- Entomology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Norma Padilla
- Grupo de Biología y Control de Vectores, Centro de Estudios en Salud, Universidad del Valle de Guatemala, Guatemala, Guatemala
| | - Audrey Lenhart
- Entomology Branch, Division of Parasitic Diseases and Malaria, Center for Global Health, United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA
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27
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Saavedra‐Rodriguez K, Campbell CL, Lenhart A, Penilla P, Lozano‐Fuentes S, Black WC. Exome-wide association of deltamethrin resistance in Aedes aegypti from Mexico. INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 28:591-604. [PMID: 30758862 PMCID: PMC6766855 DOI: 10.1111/imb.12575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Aedes aegypti is the major vector of a number of arboviruses that cause disease in humans. Without vaccines or pharmaceuticals, pyrethroid insecticides remain the major tool for public health protection. Pyrethroid resistance is now widespread. Replacement substitutions in the voltage-gated sodium channel (vgsc) that reduce the stability of pyrethroid binding account for most of the resistance, but metabolic mechanisms also inactivate pyrethroids. High-throughput sequencing and the A. aegypti L5 annotated physical map has allowed interrogation of the exome for genes and single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with pyrethroid resistance. We exposed females of A. aegypti from Mexico to a deltamethrin discriminating dose to designate them as resistant (active after 1 h) or susceptible (knocked down with no recovery after 4 h). The vgsc on chromosome 3 had the highest association, followed by genes proximal to vgsc. We identified potential detoxification genes located singly (eg HPX8C) or within clusters in chromosome 2 [three esterase clusters, two of cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP)] and chromosome 3 (one cluster of 16 CYP325 and seven CYP9 genes). Deltamethrin resistance in A. aegypti is associated with mutations in the vgsc gene and a large assortment of genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Saavedra‐Rodriguez
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - C. L. Campbell
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - A. Lenhart
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and MalariaCenter for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGAUSA
| | - P. Penilla
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
- Division of Parasitic Diseases and MalariaCenter for Global Health, Centers for Disease Control and PreventionAtlantaGAUSA
| | - S. Lozano‐Fuentes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
| | - W. C. Black
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and PathologyColorado State UniversityFort CollinsCOUSA
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28
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Mittapelly P, Bansal R, Michel A. Differential Expression of Cytochrome P450 CYP6 Genes in the Brown Marmorated Stink Bug, Halyomorpha halys (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY 2019; 112:1403-1410. [PMID: 30753513 DOI: 10.1093/jee/toz007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Cytochrome (CYP) P450s are a superfamily of enzymes that detoxify xenobiotics and regulate numerous physiological processes in insects. The genomes of phytophagous insects usually contain large numbers of P450s, especially within the CYP3 clan. Within this clan, CYP6 subfamily members help detoxify plant host secondary metabolites. In this study, we analyzed three CYP6 genes in the highly polyphagous invasive pest, Halyomorpha halys (Stål), commonly known as brown marmorated stink bug. We characterized and validated the expression of HhCYP6BQ27, HhCYP6BK13, and HhCYP6BK24 among sexes, tissues (gut, fat body, and Malpighian tubules) and hosts (apple, corn, soybean). Sequence characterization by amino acid alignments confirmed the presence of conserved motifs typical of the P450 superfamily. No significant differences existed in gene expression among sexes or when fed different hosts, suggesting that these transcripts might have broad substrate specificities. However, significant differences in gene expression were observed among the tissues studied and were gene-dependent. Collectively, the results show that H. halys differentially expressed CYP6 genes among tissues, which may be related to important and specific physiological functions. This study has increased our understanding of H. halys biology that can be useful for functional studies and can potentially be exploited in developing sustainable pest management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raman Bansal
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH
| | - Andy Michel
- Department of Entomology, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH
- The Center for Applied Plant Sciences, The Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State University, Wooster, OH
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Tian F, Li C, Wang Z, Liu J, Zeng X. Identification of detoxification genes in imidacloprid-resistant Asian citrus psyllid (Hemiptera: Lividae) and their expression patterns under stress of eight insecticides. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2019; 75:1400-1410. [PMID: 30411865 DOI: 10.1002/ps.5260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Revised: 11/01/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Asian citrus psyllid, Diaphorina citri, is one of the major pests in citrus-growing areas around the world. The application of insecticides is the most effective method to reduce the population of D. citri. However, D. citri has developed resistance to multiple classes of insecticides. Understanding resistance mechanisms is crucial to the management of D. citri. In this study, molecular assays were performed to characterize imidacloprid resistance mechanisms. RESULTS Based on the D. citri transcriptome database and other known insect resistance genes, 16 cytochrome P450, eight glutathione-S-transferase and six esterase genes were selected for cloning and sequencing. The gene expression analysis of 30 detoxification genes demonstrated that the relative expression of CYP4g15, CYP303A1, CYP4C62, CYP6BD5, GSTS1 and EST-6 were moderately high (>5-fold increase) in the imidacloprid-resistant strain. Feeding of double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) reduced the expression of the six genes (46.7%-72.1%) and resulted in significant adult mortality (65.62%-82.76%). We also determined the ability of different insecticides to induce the six selected genes. The expression of CYP4C62 and GSTS1 genes were the most significantly upregulated in adults treated with all insecticides, except for chlorfenapyr. In chlorfenapyr-treated D. citri, expression of CYP4g15 and CYP303A1 were the most highly induced. CONCLUSION Overexpressed detoxification genes were associated with imidacloprid resistance, as confirmed by RNA interference feeding tests. The induction of the six selected genes when exposed to different insecticides supported the hypothesis that they were involved in the metabolism of the tested insecticides. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fajun Tian
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chaofeng Li
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhengbing Wang
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiali Liu
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinnian Zeng
- College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
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Sarabia LE, López MF, Pineda-Mendoza RM, Obregón-Molina G, Gonzalez-Escobedo R, Albores-Medina A, Zúñiga G. Time-Course of CYP450 Genes Expression From Dendroctonus rhizophagus (Curculionidae: Scolytinae) During Early Hours of Drilling Bark and Settling Into the Host Tree. JOURNAL OF INSECT SCIENCE (ONLINE) 2019; 19:5494808. [PMID: 31115475 PMCID: PMC6529903 DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iez046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Dendroctonus bark beetles (Scolytinae) are one of the most important disturbance agents of coniferous forests in North and Central America. These beetles spend their lives almost entirely under the tree bark, and their survival and reproductive success depend on their ability to overcome the toxic effect of the trees' oleoresin. The cytochromes P450 (CYPs) are associated with the detoxification process of xenobiotics, as well as other physiological processes. Different cytochromes (families 4, 6, and 9) in the Dendroctonus species have been expressed under several experimental conditions; nevertheless, the expression time-course of these genes is unknown. To explore the induction speed of CYPs, we evaluated the relative expression of the CYP6BW5, CYP6DG1, CYP6DJ2, CYP9Z18, and CYP9Z20 genes at the early hours of drilling and settling into a tree (1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 12, 18 h) both in females and males, solitary or paired, of the bark beetle Dendroctonus rhizophagus Thomas and Bright. Our findings show that the five genes were rapidly overexpressed in the early hours (1 to 6 h) in both sexes and in solitary and paired conditions, suggesting their participation in the detoxification process. Additionally, the CYPs expression shows up- and down-regulation patterns through these short times, suggesting their probable participation in other physiological processes as the biosynthesis of hormones, pheromones or compounds related to reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Sarabia
- Laboratorio de Variación Biológica y Evolución, Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - María F López
- Laboratorio de Variación Biológica y Evolución, Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Rosa M Pineda-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Variación Biológica y Evolución, Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Obregón-Molina
- Laboratorio de Variación Biológica y Evolución, Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Roman Gonzalez-Escobedo
- Laboratorio de Variación Biológica y Evolución, Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Arnulfo Albores-Medina
- Departamento de Toxicología, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Av. Instituto Politécnico Nacional 2508, San Pedro Zacatenco, Gustavo A. Madero, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gerardo Zúñiga
- Laboratorio de Variación Biológica y Evolución, Departamento de Zoología, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Prolongación de Carpio y Plan de Ayala s/n, Miguel Hidalgo, Mexico City, Mexico
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Tabbabi A, Daaboub J, Cheikh RB, Laamari A, Feriani M, Boubaker C, Jha IB, Cheikh HB. The potential role of urbanization in the resistance to organophosphate insecticide in Culex pipiens pipiens from Tunisia. Afr Health Sci 2019; 19:1368-1375. [PMID: 31148963 PMCID: PMC6531952 DOI: 10.4314/ahs.v19i1.9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To examine the effects of urbanization on the resistance status of field populations of Culex pipiens pipiens to organophosphate insecticide. Methods Bioassays and biochemical assays were conducted on Tunisian field populations of Culex pipiens pipiens collected in four various areas differing in the degree of urbanization. Late third and early fourth larvae were used for bioassays with chlorpyrifos and adults mosquitoes for biochemical assays including esterase and acetyl cholinesterase (AChE) activities. Results The distribution of resistance ratios in this study appears to be influenced by the degree of urbanization. The highest resistance was recorded in the population from most urbanized areas in Tunisia whereas the lowest resistance was found in relatively natural areas. Both metabolic and target site mechanisms were involved in the recorded resistance. Conclusion This is the first study in Tunisia showing evidence of the impact of urbanization on the resistance level in Culex pipiens pipiens. Proper management of the polluted breeding sites in the country and effective regulation of water bodies from commercial and domestic activities appear to be critical for managing insecticide resistance.
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Oladipupo SO, Callaghan A, Holloway GJ, Gbaye OA. Variation in the susceptibility of Anopheles gambiae to botanicals across a metropolitan region of Nigeria. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210440. [PMID: 30625231 PMCID: PMC6326496 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticide resistance is normally associated with genetic changes, resulting in varied responses to insecticides between different populations. There is little evidence of resistance to plant allelochemicals; it is likely that their efficacy varies between genetically diverse populations, which may lead to the development of resistance in the future. This study evaluated the response of Anopheles gambiae (larvae and adults) from spatially different populations to acetone extracts of two botanicals, Piper guineense and Eugenia aromatica. Mosquito samples from 10 locations within Akure metropolis in Southwest Nigeria were tested for variation in susceptibility to the toxic effect of botanical extracts. The spatial distribution of the tolerance magnitude (T.M.) of the mosquito populations to the botanicals was also mapped. The populations of An. gambiae manifested significant differences in their level of tolerance to the botanicals. The centre of the metropolis was the hot spot of tolerance to the botanicals. There was a significant positive correlation between the adulticidal activities of both botanicals and initial knockdown. Hence, knockdown by these botanicals could be a predictor of their subsequent mortality. In revealing variation in response to botanical pesticides, our work has demonstrated that any future use of botanicals as alternative environmentally friendly vector control chemicals needs to be closely monitored to ensure that resistance does not develop.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seun Olaitan Oladipupo
- Department of Biology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria
- Department of Entomology and Plant Pathology, Funchess Hall, Auburn University, Aurburn, Alabama, United States of America
| | - Amanda Callaghan
- Centre for Wildlife Assessment and Conservation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
| | - Graham J. Holloway
- Centre for Wildlife Assessment and Conservation, School of Biological Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, United Kingdom
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Sherpa S, Rioux D, Goindin D, Fouque F, François O, Després L. At the Origin of a Worldwide Invasion: Unraveling the Genetic Makeup of the Caribbean Bridgehead Populations of the Dengue Vector Aedes aegypti. Genome Biol Evol 2018; 10:56-71. [PMID: 29267872 PMCID: PMC5758905 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Human-driven global environmental changes have considerably increased the risk of biological invasions, especially the spread of human parasites and their vectors. Among exotic species that have major impacts on public health, the dengue fever mosquito Aedes aegypti originating from Africa has spread worldwide during the last three centuries. Although considerable progress has been recently made in understanding the history of this invasion, the respective roles of human and abiotic factors in shaping patterns of genetic diversity remain largely unexplored. Using a genome-wide sample of genetic variants (3,530 ddRAD SNPs), we analyzed the genetic structure of Ae. aegypti populations in the Caribbean, the first introduced territories in the Americas. Fourteen populations were sampled in Guyane and in four islands of the Antilles that differ in climatic conditions, intensity of urbanization, and vector control history. The genetic diversity in the Caribbean was low (He = 0.14–0.17), as compared with a single African collection from Benin (He = 0.26) and site-frequency spectrum analysis detected an ancient bottleneck dating back ∼300 years ago, supporting a founder event during the introduction of Ae. aegypti. Evidence for a more recent bottleneck may be related to the eradication program undertaken on the American continent in the 1950s. Among 12 loci detected as FST-outliers, two were located in candidate genes for insecticide resistance (cytochrome P450 and voltage-gated sodium channel). Genome–environment association tests identified additional loci associated with human density and/or deltamethrin resistance. Our results highlight the high impact of human pressures on the demographic history and genetic variation of Ae. aegypti Caribbean populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stéphanie Sherpa
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Delphine Rioux
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Daniella Goindin
- Laboratoire d'Entomologie Médicale, Institut Pasteur de Guadeloupe, Les Abymes, France
| | - Florence Fouque
- Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Olivier François
- Laboratoire Techniques de l'Ingénierie Médicale et de la Complexité, CNRS UMR 5525, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Laurence Després
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Université Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
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34
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Toxopeus J, Sinclair BJ. Mechanisms underlying insect freeze tolerance. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2018; 93:1891-1914. [DOI: 10.1111/brv.12425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2018] [Revised: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jantina Toxopeus
- Department of Biology; University of Western Ontario; 1151 Richmond Street N, London ON, N6A 5B7 Canada
| | - Brent J. Sinclair
- Department of Biology; University of Western Ontario; 1151 Richmond Street N, London ON, N6A 5B7 Canada
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Bottino-Rojas V, Talyuli OAC, Carrara L, Martins AJ, James AA, Oliveira PL, Paiva-Silva GO. The redox-sensing gene Nrf2 affects intestinal homeostasis, insecticide resistance, and Zika virus susceptibility in the mosquito Aedes aegypti. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:9053-9063. [PMID: 29685890 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Production and degradation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) are extensively regulated to ensure proper cellular responses to various environmental stimuli and stresses. Moreover, physiologically generated ROS function as secondary messengers that can influence tissue homeostasis. The cap'n'collar transcription factor known as nuclear factor erythroid-derived factor 2 (Nrf2) coordinates an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional activation pathway that mediates antioxidant and detoxification responses in many animal species, including insects and mammals. Here, we show that Nrf2-mediated signaling affects embryo survival, midgut homeostasis, and redox biology in Aedes aegypti, a mosquito species vector of dengue, Zika, and other disease-causing viruses. We observed that AeNrf2 silencing increases ROS levels and stimulates intestinal stem cell proliferation. Because ROS production is a major aspect of innate immunity in mosquito gut, we found that a decrease in Nrf2 signaling results in reduced microbiota growth and Zika virus infection. Moreover, we provide evidence that AeNrf2 signaling also controls transcriptional adaptation of A. aegypti to insecticide challenge. Therefore, we conclude that Nrf2-mediated response regulates assorted gene clusters in A. aegypti that determine cellular and midgut redox balance, affecting overall xenobiotic resistance and vectorial adaptation of the mosquito.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Bottino-Rojas
- From the Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Octavio A C Talyuli
- From the Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902 Brazil
| | - Luana Carrara
- Laficave, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Ademir J Martins
- Laficave, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21040-360, Brazil.,the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, and
| | - Anthony A James
- the Departments of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics and of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-3900
| | - Pedro L Oliveira
- From the Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902 Brazil.,the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, and
| | - Gabriela O Paiva-Silva
- From the Instituto de Bioquímica Médica Leopoldo de Meis, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, 21941-902 Brazil, .,the Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Entomologia Molecular, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil, and
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Cytochrome P450 CYP6EV11 in Chironomus kiiensis Larvae Involved in Phenol Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19041119. [PMID: 29642521 PMCID: PMC5979273 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19041119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Phenol is one of the organic pollutants which can cause water environment pollution. It is not only enriched in aquatic organisms but is also a serious threat to human health. Chironomus kiiensis is very sensitive to the contaminants in water and its cytochrome P450s are usually chosen as biomarkers for water pollution. To examine whether CYP6EV11 plays a role in the oxidative metabolism of phenol, we measured the silencing efficiency of CYP6EV11 and evaluated larval susceptibility to sublethal phenol levels by RNA interference (RNAi) technology. The results showed that the transcription of CYP6EV11 was found significantly up-regulated when the 4th instar C.kiiensis larvae were exposed to three doses of phenol. However, the transcriptional levels of CYP6EV11 were significantly suppressed by 92.7% in the 4th instar C. kiiensis larvae soaked in dsCYP6EV11 compared with those soaked in dsGFP for 6 h. The CYP6EV11 expression and mortality of the 4th instar C. kiiensis larvae with CYP6EV11 silencing were mostly decreased under phenol stress. Therefore, the CYP6EV11 gene may be used as a molecular biomarker for earlier warning and monitoring for water pollution.
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The effect of insecticide synergist treatment on genome-wide gene expression in a polyphagous pest. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13440. [PMID: 29044179 PMCID: PMC5647426 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13397-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Synergists can counteract metabolic insecticide resistance by inhibiting detoxification enzymes or transporters. They are used in commercial formulations of insecticides, but are also frequently used in the elucidation of resistance mechanisms. However, the effect of synergists on genome-wide transcription in arthropods is poorly understood. In this study we used Illumina RNA-sequencing to investigate genome-wide transcriptional responses in an acaricide resistant strain of the spider mite Tetranychus urticae upon exposure to synergists such as S,S,S-tributyl phosphorotrithioate (DEF), diethyl maleate (DEM), piperonyl butoxide (PBO) and cyclosporin A (CsA). Exposure to PBO and DEF resulted in a broad transcriptional response and about one third of the differentially expressed genes (DEGs), including cytochrome P450 monooxygenases and UDP-glycosyltransferases, was shared between both treatments, suggesting common transcriptional regulation. Moreover, both DEF and PBO induced genes that are strongly implicated in acaricide resistance in the respective strain. In contrast, CsA treatment mainly resulted in downregulation of Major Facilitator Superfamily (MFS) genes, while DEGs of the DEM treatment were not significantly enriched for any GO-terms.
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Li Y, Piermarini PM, Esquivel CJ, Price DP, Drumm HE, Schilkey FD, Hansen IA. RNA-Seq Comparison of Larval and Adult Malpighian Tubules of the Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes aegypti Reveals Life Stage-Specific Changes in Renal Function. Front Physiol 2017; 8:283. [PMID: 28536536 PMCID: PMC5422481 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: The life history of Aedes aegypti presents diverse challenges to its diuretic system. During the larval and pupal life stages mosquitoes are aquatic. With the emergence of the adult they become terrestrial. This shifts the organism within minutes from an aquatic environment to a terrestrial environment where dehydration has to be avoided. In addition, female mosquitoes take large blood meals, which present an entirely new set of challenges to salt and water homeostasis. Methods: To determine differences in gene expression associated with these different life stages, we performed an RNA-seq analysis of the main diuretic tissue in A. aegypti, the Malpighian tubules. We compared transcript abundance in 4th instar larvae to that of adult females and analyzed the data with a focus on transcripts that encode proteins potentially involved in diuresis, like water and solute channels as well as ion transporters. We compared our results against the model of potassium- and sodium chloride excretion in the Malpighian tubules proposed by Hine et al. (2014), which involves at least eight ion transporters and a proton-pump. Results: We found 3,421 of a total number of 17,478 (19.6%) unique transcripts with a P < 0.05 and at least a 2.5 fold change in expression levels between the two groups. We identified two novel transporter genes that are highly expressed in the adult Malpighian tubules, which have not previously been part of the transport model in this species and may play important roles in diuresis. We also identified candidates for hypothesized sodium and chloride channels. Detoxification genes were generally higher expressed in larvae. Significance: This study represents the first comparison of Malpighian tubule transcriptomes between larval and adult A. aegypti mosquitoes, highlighting key differences in their renal systems that arise as they transform from an aquatic filter-feeding larval stage to a terrestrial, blood-feeding adult stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiyi Li
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State UniversityLas Cruces, NM, USA.,Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State UniversityLas Cruces, NM, USA
| | - Peter M Piermarini
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State UniversityWooster, OH, USA
| | - Carlos J Esquivel
- Department of Entomology, Ohio Agricultural Research and Development Center, The Ohio State UniversityWooster, OH, USA
| | | | - Hannah E Drumm
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State UniversityLas Cruces, NM, USA
| | | | - Immo A Hansen
- Department of Biology, New Mexico State UniversityLas Cruces, NM, USA.,Department of Computer Science, New Mexico State UniversityLas Cruces, NM, USA.,Institute of Applied Biosciences, New Mexico State UniversityLas Cruces, NM, USA
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Binet MN, van Tuinen D, Souard F, Sage L, Périgon S, Gallet C, Legay N, Lavorel S, Mouhamadou B. Responses of above- and below-ground fungal symbionts to cessation of mowing in subalpine grassland. FUNGAL ECOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.funeco.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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40
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Gong Y, Diao Q. Current knowledge of detoxification mechanisms of xenobiotic in honey bees. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2017; 26:1-12. [PMID: 27819118 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-016-1742-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
The western honey bee Apis mellifera is the most important managed pollinator species in the world. Multiple factors have been implicated as potential causes or factors contributing to colony collapse disorder, including honey bee pathogens and nutritional deficiencies as well as exposure to pesticides. Honey bees' genome is characterized by a paucity of genes associated with detoxification, which makes them vulnerable to specific pesticides, especially to combinations of pesticides in real field environments. Many studies have investigated the mechanisms involved in detoxification of xenobiotics/pesticides in honey bees, from primal enzyme assays or toxicity bioassays to characterization of transcript gene expression and protein expression in response to xenobiotics/insecticides by using a global transcriptomic or proteomic approach, and even to functional characterizations. The global transcriptomic and proteomic approach allowed us to learn that detoxification mechanisms in honey bees involve multiple genes and pathways along with changes in energy metabolism and cellular stress response. P450 genes, is highly implicated in the direct detoxification of xenobiotics/insecticides in honey bees and their expression can be regulated by honey/pollen constitutes, resulting in the tolerance of honey bees to other xenobiotics or insecticides. P450s is also a key detoxification enzyme that mediate synergism interaction between acaricides/insecticides and fungicides through inhibition P450 activity by fungicides or competition for detoxification enzymes between acaricides. With the wide use of insecticides in agriculture, understanding the detoxification mechanism of insecticides in honey bees and how honeybees fight with the xenobiotis or insecticides to survive in the changing environment will finally benefit honeybees' management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youhui Gong
- Department of Honeybee Protection and Biosafety, Institute of apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Beigou Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China
| | - Qingyun Diao
- Department of Honeybee Protection and Biosafety, Institute of apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No.1 Beigou Xiangshan, Haidian District, Beijing, 100093, P.R. China.
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Molecular screening of xerophilic Aspergillus strains producing mycophenolic acid. Fungal Biol 2016; 121:103-111. [PMID: 28089042 DOI: 10.1016/j.funbio.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2016] [Revised: 10/18/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Mycophenolic acid (MPA) is the fungal secondary metabolite displaying several biological properties. Up to now, screening of fungal strains producing MPA has mainly been the result of the search of this molecule in their culture medium by chemical methods. Here we developed a molecular approach by targeting the expression level of the MpaC gene encoding the polyketide synthase, one of the key enzymes involved in the MPA synthesis. Thirty xerophilic Aspergillus strains were identified using the RNA polymerase II subunit and the β-tubulin genes. Seven Aspergillus species were evidenced. The expression level of the MpaC gene was quantified and compared to the MPA production rate. Only Aspergillus pseudoglaucus and all the eight strains of this species produced MPA. While the MpaC gene was not expressed or weakly expressed in the MPA non-producing strains, all the A. pseudoglaucus strains presented a high level of expression of this gene. The highest expression level of the MpaC gene among the MPA non-producing strains was significantly lower than the lowest expression level of this gene in the MPA producing strains. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates the effectiveness of molecular approach for the screening of MPA-producing species.
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Chouaïbou MS, Fodjo BK, Fokou G, Allassane OF, Koudou BG, David JP, Antonio-Nkondjio C, Ranson H, Bonfoh B. Influence of the agrochemicals used for rice and vegetable cultivation on insecticide resistance in malaria vectors in southern Côte d'Ivoire. Malar J 2016; 15:426. [PMID: 27553959 PMCID: PMC4995742 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-016-1481-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vector control can contribute to the development of resistance to insecticides in malaria vectors. As the swamps and wetlands used for some agricultural activities constitute productive breeding sites for many mosquito species, agricultural pest control may increase the selection pressure for insecticide resistance in mosquitoes. Understanding the use of agrochemicals by farmers is important to plan and initiate effective integrated pest and vector management interventions. METHODS A knowledge-attitude-practice study, using questionnaires, was undertaken with 102 rice farmers in Tiassalé and 106 vegetable farmers in Dabou (South Côte d'Ivoire) in order to generate information on pesticide usage. In addition, insecticide susceptibility bioassays were conducted using adult mosquitoes obtained from larvae collected within farms, and the persistence of agricultural pesticides in the farming environment, including sediment and mosquito breeding site water, was investigated by HPLC. RESULTS Herbicides and insecticides appeared to be the most frequently used pesticides for both crops. Amino phosphonates (mostly glyphosate) represented the most used herbicides (45 % for rice up to 89 % for vegetables). Pyrethroids appeared to be the most used insecticides (accounting for 90 % of all the insecticide use reported). Approximately 75 % of respondents had not been to school and do not understand product labels. Only about 45 % of farmers respect the recommended pesticide dosage and about 10-15 % of pesticides used for rice and vegetable, respectively, are not recommended for these crops. As per WHO criteria, the mosquito local populations from the two localities were resistant to three of the four insecticides tested, as mortalities were less than 35 % for deltamethrin, DDT and bendiocarb. Higher susceptibility was observed for malathion, although the population was considered resistant in Dabou (80 % mortality) and susceptible in Tiassalé (98 % mortality). With the exception of glyphosate, residues from each of six chemicals tested for were detected in each of the sites visited in the two localities. CONCLUSION The study describes the use of insecticides and herbicides on crops and highlights the importance of considering agriculture practices when attempting to manage resistance in malaria vectors. Inter-sectoral collaboration between agriculture and public health is required to develop efficient integrated pest and vector management interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mouhamadou S. Chouaïbou
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, 01BP 1303 Abidjan 01, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Behi K. Fodjo
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, 01BP 1303 Abidjan 01, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Gilbert Fokou
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, 01BP 1303 Abidjan 01, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Ouattara F. Allassane
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, 01BP 1303 Abidjan 01, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
| | - Benjamin G. Koudou
- Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA UK
| | - Jean-Philippe David
- Laboratoire d’Ecologie Alpine (LECA), UMR 5553 CNRS-Université Grenoble-Alpes, BP 53, 2233 Rue de La Piscine, Bât. D Biologie, 38041 Grenoble, France
| | - Christophe Antonio-Nkondjio
- Organisation de Coordination Pour La Lutte Contre Les Endémies En Afrique Centrale (OCEAC), PO Box 288, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Hilary Ranson
- Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA UK
| | - Bassirou Bonfoh
- Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d’Ivoire, 01BP 1303 Abidjan 01, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire
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Li T, Liu Y, Wei DD, Shang F, Smagghe G, Dou W, Wang JJ, Smagghe G. CHARACTERIZATION AND EXPRESSION PROFILES OF FIVE POSSIBLE CYTOCHROME P450 GENES FROM Liposcelis entomophila (ENDERLEIN) (PSOCOPTERA: LIPOSCELIDIDAE). ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2016; 92:259-273. [PMID: 27087161 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the cDNAs of five cytochromes P450 genes (named CYP345P1, CYP358B1, CYP4FD2, CYP4CD2, and CYP6JN1) contained open reading frames from 1,500 to 1,554 nucleotides that encoded 499 to 517 amino acids were cloned from the psocid Liposcelis entomophila. They are characterized by predicted molecular weights from 57.67 to 59.64 kDa and theoretical isoelectric points of 5.57-9.07. Quantitative real-time PCR analysis showed these five genes were expressed at all tested developmental stages and higher expressions were observed in adults. CYP358B1 was expressed at higher levels in egg and adult compared to the larval stages. mRNA abundances of five genes were detected in both sexes and were relatively more abundant in adult females than in adult males. Synergism bioassay showed that the synergic ratio was 2.20 and 2.45 when insects were treated with the mixture of deltamethrin or malathion with the synergist piperonyl butoxide (PBO). Because PBO induces cytochrome P450s in some insects, this suggested to us that cytochromes P450 might participate in detoxification of these insecticides. The transcripts of the five cytochromes P450 genes in adult psocids could be induced to the highest level at 12 h after the exposure to malathion. After exposure to deltamethrin, CYP358B1 reached maximum expression at 24 h. The maximum expression of the other four genes occurred at 36 h. Treatments with the carbamate propoxur did not influence transcription of the cytochromes P450 gene. The induction profiles suggested that these five cytochrome P450 genes may be associated with deltamethrin and malathion metabolism in psocids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Li
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Feng Shang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Dou
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jin-Jun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Entomology and Pest Control Engineering, College of Plant Protection, Southwest University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Guy Smagghe
- Department of Crop Protection, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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Yahouédo GA, Cornelie S, Djègbè I, Ahlonsou J, Aboubakar S, Soares C, Akogbéto M, Corbel V. Dynamics of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors in southern Benin following a large scale implementation of vector control interventions. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:385. [PMID: 27378358 PMCID: PMC4932690 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1661-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Large-scale implementation of Indoor Residual Spraying and Insecticide Treated Nets has been implemented in Plateau Department, Benin between 2011 and 2014. The purpose of this study was to monitor the frequency and mechanisms of pyrethroid resistance in malaria vectors following the implementation of vector control tools for malaria prevention. Methods Anopheles larvae were collected in 13 villages twice a year from 2012 to 2014. WHO tube tests were used to assess the phenotypic resistance of each population to 0.05 % deltamethrin. Sibling species within Anopheles gambiae complex were identified by PCR techniques. Taqman and biochemical assays were performed to identify the presence of kdr mutations in individual mosquitoes and to detect any increase in the activity of enzymes putatively involved in insecticide metabolism (oxidases, esterase and glutathione-S-transferases). Quantitative real time PCR was used to measure the expression of three metabolic genes involved in pyrethroid resistance (CYP6P3, CYP6M2 and GSTD3). Results Anopheles populations showed < 90 % mortality to deltamethrin in all villages and at all time points. The 1014 F kdr allele frequency was close to fixation (> 0.9) over the sampling periods in both An. gambiae and An. coluzzii. Biochemical assays showed higher activities of alpha esterase and GST in field malaria vector populations compared to susceptible mosquitoes. qPCR assays showed a significant increase of CYP6P3, CYP6M2 GSTD3 expression in An. gambiae after a three-year implementation of LLINs. Conclusion The study confirmed that deltamethrin resistance is widespread in malaria vectors in Southern Benin. We suspect that the increase in deltamethrin resistance between 2012 and 2014 resulted from an increased expression of metabolic detoxification genes (CYP6M2 and CYP6P3) rather than from kdr mutations. It is urgent to evaluate further the impact of metabolic resistance on the efficacy of vector control interventions using pyrethroid insecticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gildas A Yahouédo
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), UMR UM1-UM2 - CNRS 5290 - IRD 224, Montpellier, France. .,Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Bénin.
| | - Sylvie Cornelie
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), UMR UM1-UM2 - CNRS 5290 - IRD 224, Montpellier, France.,Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Innocent Djègbè
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), UMR UM1-UM2 - CNRS 5290 - IRD 224, Montpellier, France.,Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Justine Ahlonsou
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Sidick Aboubakar
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Bénin
| | | | - Martin Akogbéto
- Centre de Recherche Entomologique de Cotonou (CREC), Cotonou, Bénin
| | - Vincent Corbel
- Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Maladies Infectieuses et Vecteurs: Ecologie, Génétique, Evolution et Contrôle (MIVEGEC), UMR UM1-UM2 - CNRS 5290 - IRD 224, Montpellier, France.,Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngam Wong Wan Rd, Lat Yao Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand
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45
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Cao CW, Sun LL, Niu F, Liu P, Chu D, Wang ZY. Effects of phenol on metabolic activities and transcription profiles of cytochrome P450 enzymes in Chironomus kiinensis larvae. BULLETIN OF ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2016; 106:73-80. [PMID: 26494514 DOI: 10.1017/s0007485315000826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Phenol, also known as carbolic acid or phenic acid, is a priority pollutant in aquatic ecosystems. The present study has investigated metabolic activities and transcription profiles of cytochrome P450 enzymes in Chironomus kiinensis under phenol stress. Exposure of C. kiinensis larvae to three sublethal doses of phenol (1, 10 and 100 µM) inhibited cytochrome P450 enzyme activity during the 96 h exposure period. The P450 activity measured after the 24 h exposure to phenol stress could be used to assess the level (low or high) of phenol contamination in the environment. To investigate the potential of cytochrome P450 genes as molecular biomarkers to monitor phenol contamination, the cDNA of ten CYP6 genes from the transcriptome of C. kiinensis were identified and sequenced. The open reading frames of the CYP6 genes ranged from 1266 to 1587 bp, encoding deduced polypeptides composed of between 421 and 528 amino acids, with predicted molecular masses from 49.01 to 61.94 kDa and isoelectric points (PI) from 6.01 to 8.89. Among the CYP6 genes, the mRNA expression levels of the CYP6EW3, CYP6EV9, CYP6FV1 and CYP6FV2 genes significantly altered in response to phenol exposure; therefore, these genes could potentially serve as biomarkers in the environment. This study shows that P450 activity combined with one or multiple CYP6 genes could be used to monitor phenol pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- C W Cao
- School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,China
| | - L L Sun
- School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,China
| | - F Niu
- School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,China
| | - P Liu
- School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,China
| | - D Chu
- School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,China
| | - Z Y Wang
- School of Forestry,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin,China
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46
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Insecticide-mediated up-regulation of cytochrome P450 genes in the red flour beetle (Tribolium castaneum). Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:2078-98. [PMID: 25607733 PMCID: PMC4307350 DOI: 10.3390/ijms16012078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Accepted: 01/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Some cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes are known for their rapid up-regulation in response to insecticide exposures in insects. To date, however, limited information is available with respect to the relationships among the insecticide type, insecticide concentration, exposure duration and the up-regulated CYP genes. In this study, we examined the transcriptional response of eight selected CYP genes, including CYP4G7, CYP4Q4, CYP4BR3, CYP12H1, CYP6BK11, CYP9D4, CYP9Z5 and CYP345A1, to each of four insecticides in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) revealed that CYP4G7 and CYP345A1 can be significantly up-regulated by cypermethrin (1.97- and 2.06-fold, respectively), permethrin (2.00- and 2.03-fold) and lambda-cyhalothrin (1.73- and 1.81-fold), whereas CYP4BR3 and CYP345A1 can be significantly up-regulated by imidacloprid (1.99- and 1.83-fold) when 20-day larvae were exposed to each of these insecticides at the concentration of LC20 for 24 h. Our studies also showed that similar levels of up-regulation can be achieved for CYP4G7, CYP4BR3 and CYP345A1 by cypermethrin, permethrin, lambda-cyhalothrin or imidacloprid with approximately one fourth of LC20 in 6 h. Our study demonstrated that up-regulation of these CYP genes was rapid and only required low concentrations of insecticides, and the up-regulation not only depended on the CYP genes but also the type of insecticides. Our results along with those from previous studies also indicated that there were no specific patterns for predicting the up-regulation of specific CYP gene families based on the insecticide classification.
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47
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Insecticidal Activity and Expression of Cytochrome P450 Family 4 Genes in Aedes albopictus After Exposure to Pyrethroid Mosquito Coils. Protein J 2014; 33:457-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s10930-014-9580-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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48
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Sage L, Périgon S, Faure M, Gaignaire C, Abdelghafour M, Mehu J, Geremia RA, Mouhamadou B. Autochthonous ascomycetes in depollution of polychlorinated biphenyls contaminated soil and sediment. CHEMOSPHERE 2014; 110:62-69. [PMID: 24880600 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 02/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the capacity of a consortium of ascomycetous strains, Doratomyces nanus, Doratomyces purpureofuscus, Doratomyces verrucisporus, Myceliophthora thermophila, Phoma eupyrena and Thermoascus crustaceus in the mycoremediation of historically contaminated soil and sediment by polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs). Analyses of 15 PCB concentrations in three mesocosms containing soil from which the fungal strains had previously been isolated, revealed significant PCB depletions of 16.9% for the 6 indicator PCBs (i-PCBs) and 18.7% for the total 15 PCBs analyzed after 6months treatment. The degradation rate did not statistically vary whether the soil had been treated with non-inoculated straw or colonized straw or without straw and inoculated with the consortium of the six strains. Concerning the sediment, we evidenced significant depletions of 31.8% for the 6 i-PCBs and 33.3% for the 15 PCB congeners. The PCB depletions affected most of the 15 PCBs analyzed without preference for lower chlorinated congeners. Bioaugmented strains were evidenced in different mesocosms, but their reintroduction, after six months treatment, did not improve the rate of PCB degradation, suggesting that the biodegradation could affect the bioavailable PCB fraction. Our results demonstrate that the ascomycetous strains potentially adapted to PCBs may be propitious to the remediation of PCB contaminated sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucile Sage
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine LECA, UMR 5553 CNRS Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Sophie Périgon
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine LECA, UMR 5553 CNRS Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Mathieu Faure
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine LECA, UMR 5553 CNRS Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Carole Gaignaire
- INSA de Lyon - PROVADEMSE, 40 Avenue des Arts, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Jacques Mehu
- INSA de Lyon - PROVADEMSE, 40 Avenue des Arts, 69100 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Roberto A Geremia
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine LECA, UMR 5553 CNRS Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France
| | - Bello Mouhamadou
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine LECA, UMR 5553 CNRS Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble 1, BP 53, 38041 Grenoble Cedex 9, France.
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Reid WR, Thornton A, Pridgeon JW, Becnel JJ, Tang F, Estep A, Clark GG, Allan S, Liu N. Transcriptional analysis of four family 4 P450s in a Puerto Rico strain of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) compared with an Orlando strain and their possible functional roles in permethrin resistance. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY 2014; 51:605-615. [PMID: 24897853 DOI: 10.1603/me13228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
A field strain of Aedes aegypti (L.) was collected from Puerto Rico in October 2008. Based on LD50 values by topical application, the Puerto Rico strain was 73-fold resistant to permethrin compared with a susceptible Orlando strain. In the presence of piperonyl butoxide, the resistance of Puerto Rico strain of Ae. aegypti was reduced to 15-fold, suggesting that cytochrome P450-mediated detoxification is involved in the resistance of the Puerto Rico strain to permethrin. To determine the cytochrome P450s that might play a role in the resistance to permethrin, the transcriptional levels of 164 cytochrome P450 genes in the Puerto Rico strain were compared with that in the Orlando strain. Of the 164 cytochrome P450s, 33 were significantly (P < 0.05) up-regulated, including cytochrome P450s in families four, six, and nine. Multiple studies have investigated the functionality of family six and nine cytochrome P450s, therefore, we focused on the up-regulated family 4 cytochrome P450s. To determine whether up-regulation of the four cytochrome P450s had any functional role in permethrin resistance, transgenic Drosophila melanogaster Meigen lines overexpressing the four family 4 P450 genes were generated, and their ability to survive exposure to permethrin was evaluated. When exposed to 5 microg per vial permethrin, transgenic D. melanogaster expressing CYP4D24, CYP4H29, CYP4J15v1, and CYP4H33 had a survival rate of 60.0 +/- 6.7, 29.0 +/- 4.4, 64.4 +/- 9.7, and 11.0 +/- 4.4%, respectively. However, none of the control flies survived the permethrin exposure at the same concentration. Similarly, none of the transgenic D. melanogaster expressing CYP4J15v1 or CYP4H33 ?5 survived when they were exposed to permethrin at 10 microg per vial. However, transgenic D. melanogaster expressing CYP4D24 and CYP4H29 had a survival rate of 37.8 +/- 4.4 and 2.2 +/- 2.2%, respectively. Taken together, our results suggest that CYP4D24 might play an important role in cytochrome P450-mediated resistance to permethrin.
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50
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Sun L, Wang Z, Zou C, Cao C. Transcription profiling of 12 asian gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar) cytochrome P450 genes in response to insecticides. ARCHIVES OF INSECT BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY 2014; 85:181-194. [PMID: 24488622 DOI: 10.1002/arch.21152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As the main group of detoxification enzymes, cytochrome P450 monoxygenases (P450s) catalyse an extremely diverse range of reactions that play an important role in the detoxification of foreign compounds. Transcription profiling of 12 Lymantria dispar P450 genes from the CYP6 subfamily believed to be involved in insecticide metabolism was performed in this study. Life-stage transcription profiling of CYP6 genes revealed significant variations between eggs, larvae, pupae, and adult males and females. Exposure of larvae to sublethal doses of deltamethrin, omethoate, and carbaryl enhanced the transcription of most of the CYP6 P450 genes, with induction peaking between 24 and 72 h after exposure. Transcription profiles were dependent on the levels of insecticide exposure and the various developmental stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Sun
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, P. R. China
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