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Ardichvili AN, Loeuille N, Lata JC, Barot S. Nitrification Control by Plants and Preference for Ammonium versus Nitrate: Positive Feedbacks Increase Productivity but Undermine Resilience. Am Nat 2024; 203:E128-E141. [PMID: 38489776 DOI: 10.1086/729090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
AbstractSome plants, via their action on microorganisms, control soil nitrification (i.e., the transformation of ammonium into nitrate). We model how the covariation between plant control of nitrification and preference for ammonium versus nitrate impacts ecosystem properties such as productivity, nitrogen (N) losses, and overall resilience. We show that the control of nitrification can maximize productivity by minimizing total inorganic N losses. We initially predicted that plants with an ammonium preference should achieve the highest biomass when inhibiting nitrification, and conversely that plants preferring nitrate should achieve the highest biomass by stimulating nitrification. With a parametrization derived from the Lamto savanna (Ivory Coast), we find that productivity is maximal for plants that slightly prefer ammonium and inhibit nitrification. Such situations, however, lead to strong positive feedbacks that can cause abrupt shifts from a highly to a lowly productive ecosystem. The comparison with other parameter sets (Pawnee short-grass prairie [United States], intensively cultivated field, and a hypothetical parameter set in which ammonium is highly volatilized and nitrate inputs are high) shows that strategies yielding the highest biomass may be counterintuitive (i.e., preferring nitrate but inhibiting nitrification). We argue that the level of control yielding the highest productivity depends on ecosystem properties (quantity of N deposition, leaching rates, and baseline nitrification rates), not only preference. Finally, while contrasting N preferences offer, as expected, the possibility of coexistence through niche partitioning, we stress how control of nitrification can be framed as a niche construction process that adds an additional dimension to coexistence conditions.
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2
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Meng Y, Geng X, Zhu P, Bai X, Zhang P, Ni G, Hou Y. Enhanced mutualism: A promotional effect driven by bacteria during the early invasion of Phytolacca americana. ECOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS : A PUBLICATION OF THE ECOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2024; 34:e2742. [PMID: 36107405 DOI: 10.1002/eap.2742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The enhanced mutualism hypothesis postulates that invasive plants promote self-growth by enriching beneficial microbes to establish a positive soil feedback. However, the roles of soil microorganisms may vary with increasing time for plant growth. Research on changes in soil microbial communities over time has important implications for understanding the mechanisms underlying plant invasion. Due to the difficulty in evaluating the duration of plant growth, few studies have quantified the changes in soil microorganisms with increasing plant age. This study focuses on the invasive weed Phytolacca americana L., which has growth rings in the main root. We conducted a two-stage experiment in the field and greenhouse to explore the soil feedback changes with duration of plant growth. We determined the effects of P. americana at different ages on the soil microbial community and soil properties and performed a soil inoculation experiment to quantify the influence of soil microbes on seed germination and seedling performance. We found that the content of some soil nutrients, namely total nitrogen, total phosphorus, nitrate-N, and available phosphorus, significantly decreased with increasing growth age of P. americana, whereas the available potassium showed an opposite increasing trend. The P. americana growth age also significantly influenced the soil bacterial community structure. However, this phenomenon did not occur in the fungal community. In the bacterial community, the relative abundance of plant growth-promoting bacteria showed an increasing trend. The soil inoculation experiment had high seed germination rates and biomass accumulation when the plants were grown in conditioned soil from P. americana growth within 5 years, suggesting a positive plant-soil feedback. However, the promoting effect disappeared in conditioned soil from 10 years of age. Our findings demonstrate that plant growth-promoting bacteria significantly accumulated in the soil during the early stages of P. americana invasion, and that the strength of enhanced positive feedback may play a crucial role in facilitating P. americana invasion. This study highlights the changing nature of plant-microbe interactions during biological invasion and illustrates how bacteria could contribute to the initial success of P. americana, providing new insights into the underlying mechanisms of plant invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunhao Meng
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xinze Geng
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Ping Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Xinfu Bai
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Ping Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
| | - Guangyan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems and Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuping Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai, China
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3
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Jiang F, Bennett JA, Crawford KM, Heinze J, Pu X, Luo A, Wang Z. Global patterns and drivers of plant-soil microbe interactions. Ecol Lett 2024; 27:e14364. [PMID: 38225803 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) is an important mechanism determining plant community dynamics and structure. Understanding the geographic patterns and drivers of PSF is essential for understanding the mechanisms underlying geographic plant diversity patterns. We compiled a large dataset containing 5969 observations of PSF from 202 studies to demonstrate the global patterns and drivers of PSF for woody and non-woody species. Overall, PSF was negative on average and was influenced by plant attributes and environmental settings. Woody species PSFs did not vary with latitude, but non-woody PSFs were more negative at higher latitudes. PSF was consistently more positive with increasing aridity for both woody and non-woody species, likely due to increased mutualistic microbes relative to soil-borne pathogens. These findings were consistent between field and greenhouse experiments, suggesting that PSF variation can be driven by soil legacies from climates. Our findings call for caution to use PSF as an explanation of the latitudinal diversity gradient and highlight that aridity can influence plant community dynamics and structure across broad scales through mediating plant-soil microbe interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Jiang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jonathan A Bennett
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Kerri M Crawford
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Johannes Heinze
- Department of Biodiversity, Heinz Sielmann Foundation, Wustermark (OT Elstal), Germany
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Berlin, Germany
| | - Xucai Pu
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ao Luo
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiheng Wang
- Institute of Ecology and Key Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes of the Ministry of Education, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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4
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Davis JK, Cohen AD, Getman-Pickering ZL, Grab HL, Hodgden B, Maher RM, Pelzer CJ, Rangarajan A, Ryan MR, Ugine TA, Thaler JS. Agricultural soil legacy influences multitrophic interactions between crops, their pathogens and pollinators. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20231453. [PMID: 38018107 PMCID: PMC10685131 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2023.1453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil legacy influences plant interactions with antagonists and below-ground mutualists. Plant-antagonist interactions can jeopardize plant-pollinator interactions, while soil mutualists can enhance plant-pollinator interactions. This suggests that soil legacy, either directly or mediated through plant symbionts, affects pollinators. Despite the importance of pollinators to natural and managed ecosystems, information on how soil legacy affects plant-pollinator interactions is limited. We assessed effects of soil management legacy (organic versus conventional) on floral rewards and plant interactions with wild pollinators, herbivores, beneficial fungi and pathogens. We used an observational dataset and structural equation models to evaluate hypothesized relationships between soil and pollinators, then tested observed correlations in a manipulative experiment. Organic legacy increased mycorrhizal fungal colonization and improved resistance to powdery mildew, which promoted pollinator visitation. Further, soil legacy and powdery mildew independently and interactively impacted floral traits and floral reward nutrients, which are important to pollinators. Our results indicate that pollination could be an overlooked consequence of soil legacy and suggests opportunity to develop long-term soil management plans that benefit pollinators and pollination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jules K. Davis
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | - Anna D. Cohen
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | | | - Heather L. Grab
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
- School School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | - Blythe Hodgden
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | - Ryan M. Maher
- School School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | - Chris J. Pelzer
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | - Anu Rangarajan
- School School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | - Matthew R. Ryan
- Section of Soil and Crop Sciences, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | - Todd A. Ugine
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
| | - Jennifer S. Thaler
- Department of Entomology, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Cornell University, NY 14853, USA
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5
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Yu X, Tu Q, Liu J, Peng Y, Wang C, Xiao F, Lian Y, Yang X, Hu R, Yu H, Qian L, Wu D, He Z, Shu L, He Q, Tian Y, Wang F, Wang S, Wu B, Huang Z, He J, Yan Q, He Z. Environmental selection and evolutionary process jointly shape genomic and functional profiles of mangrove rhizosphere microbiomes. MLIFE 2023; 2:253-266. [PMID: 38817818 PMCID: PMC10989796 DOI: 10.1002/mlf2.12077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Mangrove reforestation with introduced species has been an important strategy to restore mangrove ecosystem functioning. However, how such activities affect microbially driven methane (CH4), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) cycling of rhizosphere microbiomes remains unclear. To understand the effect of environmental selection and the evolutionary process on microbially driven biogeochemical cycles in native and introduced mangrove rhizospheres, we analyzed key genomic and functional profiles of rhizosphere microbiomes from native and introduced mangrove species by metagenome sequencing technologies. Compared with the native mangrove (Kandelia obovata, KO), the introduced mangrove (Sonneratia apetala, SA) rhizosphere microbiome had significantly (p < 0.05) higher average genome size (AGS) (5.8 vs. 5.5 Mb), average 16S ribosomal RNA gene copy number (3.5 vs. 3.1), relative abundances of mobile genetic elements, and functional diversity in terms of the Shannon index (7.88 vs. 7.84) but lower functional potentials involved in CH4 cycling (e.g., mcrABCDG and pmoABC), N2 fixation (nifHDK), and inorganic S cycling (dsrAB, dsrC, dsrMKJOP, soxB, sqr, and fccAB). Similar results were also observed from the recovered Proteobacterial metagenome-assembled genomes with a higher AGS and distinct functions in the introduced mangrove rhizosphere. Additionally, salinity and ammonium were identified as the main environmental drivers of functional profiles of mangrove rhizosphere microbiomes through deterministic processes. This study advances our understanding of microbially mediated biogeochemical cycling of CH4, N, and S in the mangrove rhizosphere and provides novel insights into the influence of environmental selection and evolutionary processes on ecosystem functions, which has important implications for future mangrove reforestation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qichao Tu
- Institute of Marine Science and TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Jihua Liu
- Institute of Marine Science and TechnologyShandong UniversityQingdaoChina
| | - Yisheng Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Cheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Fanshu Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yingli Lian
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Xueqin Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ruiwen Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Huang Yu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Lu Qian
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Daoming Wu
- College of Forestry & Landscape ArchitectureSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Ziying He
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine ScienceSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Longfei Shu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qiang He
- Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTennesseeUSA
| | - Yun Tian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Coastal and Wetland Ecosystems, School of Life SciencesXiamen UniversityXiamenChina
| | - Faming Wang
- Xiaoliang Research Station for Tropical Coastal Ecosystems and Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems, South China Botanical GardenChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina
| | - Shanquan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Bo Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhijian Huang
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine ScienceSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jianguo He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Marine ScienceSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
- School of Life SciencesSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Qingyun Yan
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Zhili He
- State Key Laboratory for Biocontrol, Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Environmental Microbiomics Research CenterSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouChina
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6
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In 't Zandt D, Kolaříková Z, Cajthaml T, Münzbergová Z. Plant community stability is associated with a decoupling of prokaryote and fungal soil networks. Nat Commun 2023; 14:3736. [PMID: 37349286 PMCID: PMC10287681 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39464-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Soil microbial networks play a crucial role in plant community stability. However, we lack knowledge on the network topologies associated with stability and the pathways shaping these networks. In a 13-year mesocosm experiment, we determined links between plant community stability and soil microbial networks. We found that plant communities on soil abandoned from agricultural practices 60 years prior to the experiment promoted destabilising properties and were associated with coupled prokaryote and fungal soil networks. This coupling was mediated by strong interactions of plants and microbiota with soil resource cycling. Conversely, plant communities on natural grassland soil exhibited a high stability, which was associated with decoupled prokaryote and fungal soil networks. This decoupling was mediated by a large variety of past plant community pathways shaping especially fungal networks. We conclude that plant community stability is associated with a decoupling of prokaryote and fungal soil networks and mediated by plant-soil interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina In 't Zandt
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic.
| | - Zuzana Kolaříková
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
| | - Tomáš Cajthaml
- Institute for Environmental Studies, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, Czech Republic
- Institute of Microbiology, Czech Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague, CZ-14220, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Münzbergová
- Institute of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences, 252 43, Průhonice, Czech Republic
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles University, Praha 2, Czech Republic
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7
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McNichol BH, Russo SE. Plant Species' Capacity for Range Shifts at the Habitat and Geographic Scales: A Trade-Off-Based Framework. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1248. [PMID: 36986935 PMCID: PMC10056461 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Climate change is causing rapid shifts in the abiotic and biotic environmental conditions experienced by plant populations, but we lack generalizable frameworks for predicting the consequences for species. These changes may cause individuals to become poorly matched to their environments, potentially inducing shifts in the distributions of populations and altering species' habitat and geographic ranges. We present a trade-off-based framework for understanding and predicting whether plant species may undergo range shifts, based on ecological strategies defined by functional trait variation. We define a species' capacity for undergoing range shifts as the product of its colonization ability and the ability to express a phenotype well-suited to the environment across life stages (phenotype-environment matching), which are both strongly influenced by a species' ecological strategy and unavoidable trade-offs in function. While numerous strategies may be successful in an environment, severe phenotype-environment mismatches result in habitat filtering: propagules reach a site but cannot establish there. Operating within individuals and populations, these processes will affect species' habitat ranges at small scales, and aggregated across populations, will determine whether species track climatic changes and undergo geographic range shifts. This trade-off-based framework can provide a conceptual basis for species distribution models that are generalizable across plant species, aiding in the prediction of shifts in plant species' ranges in response to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bailey H. McNichol
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 1101 T Street, 402 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA;
| | - Sabrina E. Russo
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 1101 T Street, 402 Manter Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA;
- Center for Plant Science Innovation, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, 1901 Vine Street, N300 Beadle Center, Lincoln, NE 68588-0118, USA
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8
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Invasive Ageratina adenophora can maintain its ecological advantages over time through releasing its autotoxicity by accumulating a bacterium Bacillus cereus. Heliyon 2022; 9:e12757. [PMID: 36685395 PMCID: PMC9849935 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e12757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant invasive success is attributed to invaders' ecological advantages over their native neighbors. However, increasing evidence suggests that these advantages are expected to attenuate over time because of natural enemy accumulation, ecological evolution of native species and autotoxicity. We determined how an invasive Ageratina adenophora could remain its competitive advantages over time by avoiding its autotoxicity. Our results highlighted that the autotoxicity of A. adenophora in its invaded soil was reduced by some microbes. Moreover, an autotoxic allelochemical, 2-coumaric acid glucoside, detected in the invaded soil, demonstrated distinctly autotoxic effects on its seed germination and seedling growth. However, the autotoxic effects were greatly alleviated by a bacterium Bacillus cereus, accumulated by A. adenophora. Furthermore, the allelochemical could be almost completely degraded by B. cereus within 96 h. Accordingly, we speculate that A. adenophora could aggregate B. cereus to release its autotoxicity maintaining its competitive advantages over time.
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9
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Droz AG, Coffman RR, Eagar AC, Blackwood CB. Drivers of fungal diversity and community biogeography differ between green roofs and adjacent ground-level green space. Environ Microbiol 2022; 24:5809-5824. [PMID: 36054483 PMCID: PMC10087955 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Green roof soils are usually engineered for purposes other than urban biodiversity, which may impact their fungal communities, and in turn impact the health of plants in the urban ecosystem. We examined the drivers of fungal diversity and community composition in soil of green roofs and adjacent ground-level green spaces in three Midwestern USA cities-Chicago, Cleveland, and Minneapolis. Overall, fungal communities on green roofs were more diverse than ground-level green spaces and were correlated with plant cover (positively) and roof age (negatively) rather than abiotic soil properties. Fungal community composition was distinct between roof and ground environments, among cities, and between sampling sites, but green roofs and their immediately surrounding ground-level green space showed some similarity. This suggests dispersal limitation may result in geographic structuring at large spatial scales, but dispersal between roofs and their neighbouring sites may be occurring. Different fungal taxonomic and functional groups were better explained when roofs were classified either by depth (extensive or intensive) or functional intent of the roof design (i.e. stormwater/energy, biodiversity, or aesthetics/recreation). Our results demonstrate that green roofs are an important reservoir of fungal diversity in the urban landscape, which should be considered in future green roof design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna G Droz
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Reid R Coffman
- College of Architecture and Environmental Design, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
| | - Andrew C Eagar
- Department of Biological Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, Ohio, USA
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10
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Santamaría J, Golo R, Verdura J, Tomas F, Ballesteros E, Alcoverro T, Arthur R, Cebrian E. Learning takes time: Biotic resistance by native herbivores increases through the invasion process. Ecol Lett 2022; 25:2525-2539. [PMID: 36209457 PMCID: PMC9828756 DOI: 10.1111/ele.14115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
As invasive species spread, the ability of local communities to resist invasion depends on the strength of biotic interactions. Evolutionarily unused to the invader, native predators or herbivores may be initially wary of consuming newcomers, allowing them to proliferate. However, these relationships may be highly dynamic, and novel consumer-resource interactions could form as familiarity grows. Here, we explore the development of effective biotic resistance towards a highly invasive alga using multiple space-for-time approaches. We show that the principal native Mediterranean herbivore learns to consume the invader within less than a decade. At recently invaded sites, the herbivore actively avoided the alga, shifting to distinct preference and high consumptions at older sites. This rapid strengthening of the interaction contributed to the eventual collapse of the alga after an initial dominance. Therefore, our results stress the importance of conserving key native populations to allow communities to develop effective resistance mechanisms against invaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Santamaría
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB‐CSIC)BlanesSpain,GRMAR, Institut d'Ecologia Aquàtica, Universitat de GironaGironaSpain
| | - Raül Golo
- GRMAR, Institut d'Ecologia Aquàtica, Universitat de GironaGironaSpain
| | - Jana Verdura
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB‐CSIC)BlanesSpain,Université Côte d'Azur, CNRSECOSEASNiceFrance
| | - Fiona Tomas
- Marine Ecosystems Dynamics Group—Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA), Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB) – Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)EsporlesBalearic IslandsSpain
| | - Enric Ballesteros
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB‐CSIC)BlanesSpain
| | - Teresa Alcoverro
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB‐CSIC)BlanesSpain
| | - Rohan Arthur
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB‐CSIC)BlanesSpain,Nature Conservation FoundationMysoreIndia
| | - Emma Cebrian
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB‐CSIC)BlanesSpain,GRMAR, Institut d'Ecologia Aquàtica, Universitat de GironaGironaSpain
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11
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Liu Y, Zheng Y, Jahn LV, Burns JH. Invaders responded more positively to soil biota than native or noninvasive introduced species, consistent with enemy escape. Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02919-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Oduor AMO, Adomako MO, Yuan Y, Li JM. Older populations of the invader Solidago canadensis exhibit stronger positive plant-soil feedbacks and competitive ability in China. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY 2022; 109:1230-1241. [PMID: 35819013 DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.16034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PREMISE The enemy release hypothesis predicts that release from natural enemies, including soil-borne pathogens, liberates invasive plants from a negative regulating force. Nevertheless, invasive plants may acquire novel enemies and mutualists in the introduced range, which may cause variable effects on invader growth. However, how soil microorganisms may influence competitive ability of invasive plants along invasion chronosequences has been little explored. METHODS Using the invasive plant Solidago canadensis, we tested whether longer residence times are associated with stronger negative plant-soil feedbacks and thus weaker competitive abilities at the individual level. We grew S. canadensis individuals from 36 populations with different residence times across southeastern China in competition versus no competition and in three different types of soils: (1) conspecific rhizospheric soils; (2) soils from uninvaded patches; and (3) sterilized soil. For our competitor treatments, we constructed synthetic communities of four native species (Bidens parviflora, Solanum nigrum, Kalimeris indica, and Mosla scabra), which naturally co-occur with Solidago canadensis in the field. RESULTS Solidago canadensis populations with longer residence times experienced stronger positive plant-soil feedbacks and had greater competitive responses (i.e., produced greater above-ground biomass and grew taller) in conspecific rhizospheric soils than in sterilized or uninvaded soils. Moreover, S. canadensis from older populations significantly suppressed above-ground biomass of the native communities in rhizospheric and uninvaded soils but not in sterilized soil. CONCLUSIONS The present results suggest that older populations of S. canadensis experience stronger positive plant-soil feedbacks, which may enhance their competitive ability against native plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayub M O Oduor
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
- Department of Applied Biology, Technical University of Kenya, P.O. Box, 52428, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Michael Opoku Adomako
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Yongge Yuan
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
| | - Jun-Min Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and Conservation, Taizhou University, Taizhou, 318000, China
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13
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Vulnerability of non-native invasive plants to novel pathogen attack: do plant traits matter? Biol Invasions 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-022-02853-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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14
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Tian H, Koski TM, Zhao L, Liu Z, Sun J. Invasion History of the Pinewood Nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus Influences the Abundance of Serratia sp. in Pupal Chambers and Tracheae of Insect-Vector Monochamus alternatus. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:856841. [PMID: 35668811 PMCID: PMC9164154 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.856841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Pine wilt disease (PWD) has caused extensive mortality in pine forests worldwide. This disease is a result of a multi-species interaction among an invasive pinewood nematode (PWN) Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, its vector Monochamus sp. beetle, and the host pine tree (Pinus sp.). In other systems, microbes have been shown to attenuate negative impacts on invasive species after the invasion has reached a certain time point. Despite that the role of PWD associated microbes involved in the PWD system has been widely studied, it is not known whether similar antagonistic "hidden microbial players" exist in this system due to the lack of knowledge about the potential temporal changes in the composition of associated microbiota. In this study, we investigated the bacteria-to-fungi ratio and isolated culturable bacterial isolates from pupal chambers and vector beetle tracheae across five sampling sites in China differing in the duration of PWN invasion. We also tested the pathogenicity of two candidate bacteria strains against the PWN-vector beetle complex. A total of 118 bacterial species belonging to 4 phyla, 30 families, and 54 genera were classified based on 16S sequencing. The relative abundance of the genus Serratia was lower in pupal chambers and tracheae in newly PWN invaded sites (<10 years) compared to the sites that had been invaded for more than 20 years. Serratia marcescens strain AHPC29 was widely distributed across all sites and showed nematicidal activity against PWN. The insecticidal activity of this strain was dependent on the life stage of the vector beetle Monochamus alternatus: no insecticidal activity was observed against final-instar larvae, whereas S. marcescens was highly virulent against pupae. Our findings improved the understanding of the temporal variation in the microbial community associated with the PWN-vector beetle complex and the progress of PWD and can therefore facilitate the development of biological control agents against PWN and its vector beetle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haokai Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tuuli-Marjaana Koski
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lilin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ziying Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Biotic Interactions, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jianghua Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- College of Life Science, Institute of Life Science and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding, China
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15
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Perreault R, Laforest-Lapointe I. Plant-microbe interactions in the phyllosphere: facing challenges of the anthropocene. THE ISME JOURNAL 2022; 16:339-345. [PMID: 34522008 PMCID: PMC8776876 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-021-01109-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2021] [Revised: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Global change is a defining feature of the Anthropocene, the current human-dominated epoch, and poses imminent threats to ecosystem dynamics and services such as plant productivity, biodiversity, and environmental regulation. In this era, terrestrial ecosystems are experiencing perturbations linked to direct habitat modifications as well as indirect effects of global change on species distribution and extreme abiotic conditions. Microorganisms represent an important reservoir of biodiversity that can influence macro-organisms as they face habitat loss, rising atmospheric CO2 concentration, pollution, global warming, and increased frequency of drought. Plant-microbe interactions in the phyllosphere have been shown to support plant growth and increase host resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we review how plant-microbe interactions in the phyllosphere can influence host survival and fitness in the context of global change. We highlight evidence that plant-microbe interactions (1) improve urban pollution remediation through the degradation of pollutants such as ultrafine particulate matter, black carbon, and atmospheric hydrocarbons, (2) have contrasting impacts on plant species range shifts through the loss of symbionts or pathogens, and (3) drive plant host adaptation to drought and warming. Finally, we discuss how key community ecology processes could drive plant-microbe interactions facing challenges of the Anthropocene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaëlle Perreault
- grid.86715.3d0000 0000 9064 6198Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1 Canada
| | - Isabelle Laforest-Lapointe
- grid.86715.3d0000 0000 9064 6198Département de biologie, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1 Canada ,grid.86715.3d0000 0000 9064 6198Centre Sève, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC J1K 2R1 Canada
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16
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Huang K, Kardol P, Yan X, Luo X, Guo H. Plant–soil biota interactions explain shifts in plant community composition under global change. Funct Ecol 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kailing Huang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Ecology and Management Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences Umeå Sweden
| | - Xuebin Yan
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Xi Luo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
| | - Hui Guo
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences Nanjing Agricultural University Nanjing China
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17
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The invasive herb Lupinus polyphyllus can reduce plant species richness independently of local invasion age. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02652-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe ecological impacts of invasive species may change or accumulate with time since local invasion, potentially inducing further changes in communities and the abiotic environment. Yet, time since invasion is rarely considered when investigating the ecological impacts of invasive non-native species. To examine the effect of time since invasion on the ecological impacts of Lupinus polyphyllus, a perennial nitrogen-fixing herb, we surveyed vascular plant communities in the presence and absence of L. polyphyllus in young, intermediate, and old semi-natural grassland sites (ca. 5, 10, 15 years representing both time since lupine invasion and plant community age). We analyzed vascular plant community composition, vascular plant species richness, and the cover of various ecological plant groups and L. polyphyllus. In contrast to our hypotheses, we found no change in the mean cover of L. polyphyllus (about 35%) with time since local invasion, and an ordination did not suggest marked changes in plant community composition. L. polyphyllus was associated with lower species richness in invaded plant communities but this effect did not change with time since invasion. Invaded plant communities were also associated with lower occurrence of generalist, oligotrophic (low-nutrient-adapted) and copiotrophic (nutrient-demanding) species but no temporal dynamics were detected. We conclude that even the intermediate cover of L. polyphyllus can reduce plant species richness, but the ecological impact caused by this invader might not dramatically change or accumulate with time since invasion.
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18
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Abbott KC, Eppinga MB, Umbanhowar J, Baudena M, Bever JD. Microbiome influence on host community dynamics: Conceptual integration of microbiome feedback with classical host-microbe theory. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:2796-2811. [PMID: 34608730 PMCID: PMC9292004 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Microbiomes have profound effects on host fitness, yet we struggle to understand the implications for host ecology. Microbiome influence on host ecology has been investigated using two independent frameworks. Classical ecological theory powerfully represents mechanistic interactions predicting environmental dependence of microbiome effects on host ecology, but these models are notoriously difficult to evaluate empirically. Alternatively, host-microbiome feedback theory represents impacts of microbiome dynamics on host fitness as simple net effects that are easily amenable to experimental evaluation. The feedback framework enabled rapid progress in understanding microbiomes' impacts on plant ecology, and can also be applied to animal hosts. We conceptually integrate these two frameworks by deriving expressions for net feedback in terms of mechanistic model parameters. This generates a precise mapping between net feedback theory and classic population modelling, thereby merging mechanistic understanding with experimental tractability, a necessary step for building a predictive understanding of microbiome influence on host ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maarten B Eppinga
- University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.,Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Mara Baudena
- Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands.,National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Atmospheric Sciences, and Climate (CNR-ISAC), Torino, Italy
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19
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Ke PJ, Zee PC, Fukami T. Dynamic plant-soil microbe interactions: the neglected effect of soil conditioning time. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 231:1546-1558. [PMID: 34105771 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) may change in strength over the life of plant individuals as plants continue to modify the soil microbial community. However, the temporal variation in PSF is rarely quantified and its impacts on plant communities remain unknown. Using a chronosequence reconstructed from annual aerial photographs of a coastal dune ecosystem, we characterized > 20-yr changes in soil microbial communities associated with individuals of the four dominant perennial species, one legume and three nonlegume. We also quantified the effects of soil biota on conspecific and heterospecific seedling performance in a glasshouse experiment that preserved soil properties of these individual plants. Additionally, we used a general individual-based model to explore the potential consequences of temporally varying PSF on plant community assembly. In all plant species, microbial communities changed with plant age. However, responses of plants to the turnover in microbial composition depended on the identity of the seedling species: only the soil biota effect experienced by the nonlegume species became increasingly negative with longer soil conditioning. Model simulation suggested that temporal changes in PSF could affect the transient dynamics of plant community assembly. These results suggest that temporal variation in PSF over the life of individual plants should be considered to understand how PSF structures plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Ju Ke
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, 08544, USA
| | - Peter C Zee
- Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Tadashi Fukami
- Department of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
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20
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Martorell C, MartÍnez-Blancas A, García-Meza D. Plant-soil feedbacks depend on drought stress, functional group, and evolutionary relatedness in a semiarid grassland. Ecology 2021; 102:e03499. [PMID: 34314034 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) occurs when plants change the biota and physicochemical properties of the soil, and these changes affect future survival or growth of plants. PSF depends on several factors such as plant functional attributes (e.g., life cycle or photosynthetic metabolism) and the environment. PSF often turn positive under dry conditions because soil biota confers drought tolerance. Conspecifics and close relatives share pathogens and consume similar resources, exerting negative PSF on each other. These ideas have mostly been tested under controlled conditions, while field studies remain scarce. To reevaluate these findings in nature, we analyzed plant-soil feedbacks over a drought-stress gradient in a phosphorus-limited semiarid grassland. We planted seedlings of 17 species in plots where community composition had been monitored for six years. To determine PSF intensity, we measured how seedling longevity was affected by previous occupancy of conspecifics and heterospecifics. The previous occupancy-survival relationship (OSR) was used as a proxy for PSF. Evidence for OSRs was found in one-third of the species pairs, with inconclusive evidence for the rest suggesting weak feedbacks. This is in line with the expectation that PSFs in the field are weaker than under controlled conditions. As expected, positive PSFs were more frequent as drought stress increased. The strongest OSRs were caused in dry plots by C4 perennial grasses, which had very positive OSRs on several C3 annual forbs, but negative effects on each other. Well-documented differences between these two functional groups may explain this result: C3 plants are more sensitive to drought, and thus may be favored by tolerance-conferring microbiota; in contrast, water-efficient C4 perennial grasses compete for phosphorus strongly, perhaps driving strong negative PSFs between them. Finally, close relatives had more negative OSRs on each other than on distant relatives as expected, although only in dry plots. This pattern was mostly due to the negative effects of closely related C4 grasses under dry conditions, and their positive effects on distantly related dicots. Our results highlight the importance of plant traits and of the environmental context in determining the direction and strength of PSFs under field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Martorell
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Alejandra MartÍnez-Blancas
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico.,Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Avenida Universitaria 3000, Coyoacán, C.P. 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Diego García-Meza
- Departamento de Ecología y Recursos Naturales, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, Mexico
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21
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Santamaría J, Tomas F, Ballesteros E, Ruiz JM, Bernardeau-Esteller J, Terrados J, Cebrian E. The role of competition and herbivory in biotic resistance against invaders: a synergistic effect. Ecology 2021; 102:e03440. [PMID: 34143423 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Invasive species pose a major threat to global diversity, and once they are well established their eradication typically becomes unfeasible. However, certain natural mechanisms can increase the resistance of native communities to invaders and can be used to guide effective management policies. Both competition and herbivory have been identified as potential biotic resistance mechanisms that can limit plant invasiveness, but it is still under debate to what extent they might be effective against well-established invaders. Surprisingly, whereas biotic mechanisms are known to interact strongly, most studies to date have examined single biotic mechanisms separately, which likely influences our understanding of the strength and effectiveness of biotic resistance against invaders. Here we use long-term field data, benthic assemblage sampling, and exclusion experiments to assess the effect of native assemblage complexity and herbivory on the invasion dynamics of a successful invasive species, the alga Caulerpa cylindracea. A higher complexity of the native algal assemblage limited C. cylindracea invasion, probably through competition by canopy-forming and erect algae. Additionally, high herbivory pressure by the fish Sarpa salpa reduced C. cylindracea abundance by more than four times. However, long-term data of the invasion reflects that biotic resistance strength can vary across the invasion process and it is only where high assemblage complexity is concomitant with high herbivory pressure, that the most significant limitation is observed (synergistic effect). Overall, the findings reported in this study highlight that neglecting the interactions between biotic mechanisms during invasive processes and restricting the studied time scales may lead to underestimations of the true capacity of native assemblages to develop resistance to invaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Santamaría
- Marine Resources and Biodiversity Research Group (GRMAR), Institute of Aquatic Ecology, University of Girona, Girona, 17003, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Fiona Tomas
- Marine Ecosystems Dynamics Group-Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA), Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Esporles, 07190, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Enric Ballesteros
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, 17300, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Juan M Ruiz
- Seagrass Ecology Group-Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), San Pedro del Pinatar, 30740, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jaime Bernardeau-Esteller
- Seagrass Ecology Group-Centro Oceanográfico de Murcia, Instituto Español de Oceanografía (IEO), San Pedro del Pinatar, 30740, Murcia, Spain
| | - Jorge Terrados
- Marine Ecosystems Dynamics Group-Instituto Mediterráneo de Estudios Avanzados (IMEDEA), Universitat de les Illes Balears (UIB)-Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Esporles, 07190, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Emma Cebrian
- Centre d'Estudis Avançats de Blanes, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEAB-CSIC), Blanes, 17300, Catalonia, Spain
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22
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Differential and interacting impacts of invasive plants and white-tailed deer in eastern U.S. forests. Biol Invasions 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-021-02551-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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23
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Reijenga BR, Murrell DJ, Pigot AL. Priority effects and the macroevolutionary dynamics of biodiversity. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:1455-1466. [PMID: 33979477 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Priority effects can play a fundamental role in the assembly of ecological communities, but how they shape the dynamics of biodiversity over macroevolutionary timescales remains unclear. Here we develop and analyse a metacommunity model combining local priority effects with niche evolution, speciation and extinction. We show that by promoting the persistence of rare species, local priority effects cause the evolution of higher metacommunity diversity as well as major disparities in richness among evolutionary lineages. However, we also show how classic macroevolutionary patterns of niche incumbency-whereby rates of regional diversification and invasion slow down as ecological niches are filled-do not depend on local priority effects, arising even when invading species continuously displace residents. Together, these results clarify the connection between local priority effects and the filling of ecological niche space, and reveal how the impact of species arrival order on competition fundamentally shapes the generation and maintenance of biodiversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bouwe R Reijenga
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - David J Murrell
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
| | - Alex L Pigot
- Centre for Biodiversity and Environment Research, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Environment, University College London, London, UK
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24
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Wilschut RA, Geisen S. Nematodes as Drivers of Plant Performance in Natural Systems. TRENDS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 26:237-247. [PMID: 33214031 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2020.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Nematodes form an important part of soil biodiversity as the most abundant and functionally diverse animals affecting plant performance. Most studies on plant-nematode interactions are focused on agriculture, while plant-nematode interactions in nature are less known. Here we highlight that nematodes can contribute to vegetation dynamics through direct negative effects on plants, and indirect positive effects through top-down predation on plant-associated organisms. Global change alters these interactions, of which better understanding is rapidly needed to better predict functional consequences. By expanding the knowledge of plant-nematode interactions in natural systems, an increase in basic understanding of key ecological topics such as plant-soil interactions and plant invasion dynamics will be obtained, while also increasing the insights and potential biotic repertoire to be applicable in sustainable plant management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rutger A Wilschut
- Ecology Group, Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Stefan Geisen
- Department of Nematology, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands.
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25
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Blossey B, Nuzzo V, Dávalos A, Mayer M, Dunbar R, Landis DA, Evans JA, Minter B. Residence time determines invasiveness and performance of garlic mustard (Alliaria petiolata) in North America. Ecol Lett 2021; 24:327-336. [PMID: 33295700 PMCID: PMC7839695 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
While biological invasions have the potential for large negative impacts on local communities and ecological interactions, increasing evidence suggests that species once considered major problems can decline over time. Declines often appear driven by natural enemies, diseases or evolutionary adaptations that selectively reduce populations of naturalised species and their impacts. Using permanent long-term monitoring locations, we document declines of Alliaria petiolata (garlic mustard) in eastern North America with distinct local and regional dynamics as a function of patch residence time. Projected site-specific population growth rates initially indicated expanding populations, but projected population growth rates significantly decreased over time and at the majority of sites fell below 1, indicating declining populations. Negative soil feedback provides a potential mechanism for the reported disappearance of ecological dominance of A. petiolata in eastern North America.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernd Blossey
- Department of Natural ResourcesFernow HallCornell UniversityIthacaNY14853USA
| | - Victoria Nuzzo
- Natural Area Consultants1 West Hill School RoadRichfordNY13835USA
| | - Andrea Dávalos
- Biological Sciences DepartmentSUNY CortlandCortlandNY13045USA
| | - Mark Mayer
- New Jersey Department of AgricultureDivision of Plant IndustryPO Box 330TrentonNJ08625USA
| | - Richard Dunbar
- Division of Nature PreservesIndiana Department of Natural Resources1040 E 700 N Columbia CityIN46725‐8948USA
| | - Douglas A. Landis
- Department of EntomologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
| | - Jeffrey A. Evans
- Department of EntomologyMichigan State UniversityEast LansingMI48824USA
- Farmscape Analytics16 Merrimack StConcordNH03301USA
| | - Bill Minter
- Institute for Ecological RegenerationGoshen College1700 South Main StreetGoshenIN46526USA
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26
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Reinhart KO, Bauer JT, McCarthy‐Neumann S, MacDougall AS, Hierro JL, Chiuffo MC, Mangan SA, Heinze J, Bergmann J, Joshi J, Duncan RP, Diez JM, Kardol P, Rutten G, Fischer M, van der Putten WH, Bezemer TM, Klironomos J. Globally, plant-soil feedbacks are weak predictors of plant abundance. Ecol Evol 2021; 11:1756-1768. [PMID: 33614002 PMCID: PMC7882948 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.7167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) have been shown to strongly affect plant performance under controlled conditions, and PSFs are thought to have far reaching consequences for plant population dynamics and the structuring of plant communities. However, thus far the relationship between PSF and plant species abundance in the field is not consistent. Here, we synthesize PSF experiments from tropical forests to semiarid grasslands, and test for a positive relationship between plant abundance in the field and PSFs estimated from controlled bioassays. We meta-analyzed results from 22 PSF experiments and found an overall positive correlation (0.12 ≤ r ¯ ≤ 0.32) between plant abundance in the field and PSFs across plant functional types (herbaceous and woody plants) but also variation by plant functional type. Thus, our analysis provides quantitative support that plant abundance has a general albeit weak positive relationship with PSFs across ecosystems. Overall, our results suggest that harmful soil biota tend to accumulate around and disproportionately impact species that are rare. However, data for the herbaceous species, which are most common in the literature, had no significant abundance-PSFs relationship. Therefore, we conclude that further work is needed within and across biomes, succession stages and plant types, both under controlled and field conditions, while separating PSF effects from other drivers (e.g., herbivory, competition, disturbance) of plant abundance to tease apart the role of soil biota in causing patterns of plant rarity versus commonness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt O. Reinhart
- Fort Keogh Livestock & Range Research LaboratoryUnited States Department of Agriculture‐ Agricultural Research ServiceMiles CityMTUSA
| | - Jonathan T. Bauer
- Department of BiologyInstitute for the Environment and SustainabilityMiami UniversityOxfordOHUSA
| | | | | | - José L. Hierro
- Laboratorio de EcologíaBiogeografía y Evolución Vegetal (LEByEV)Instituto de Ciencias de la Tierra y Ambientales de La Pampa (INCITAP)Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET)‐Universidad Nacional de La Pampa (UNLPam)Santa RosaArgentina
- Departamento de BiologíaFacultad de Ciencias Exactas y NaturalesUNLPamSanta RosaArgentina
| | - Mariana C. Chiuffo
- Grupo de Ecología de InvasionesINIBIOMAUniversidad Nacional del ComahueCONICETSan Carlos de BarilocheArgentina
| | - Scott A. Mangan
- Department of Biological SciencesArkansas State UniversityJonesboroARUSA
| | - Johannes Heinze
- Institute of Biochemistry and BiologyUniversity of PotsdamPotsdamGermany
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
| | - Joana Bergmann
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
- Leibniz Centre for Agricultural Landscape Research (ZALF)MünchebergGermany
- Institut für BiologiePlant EcologyFreie Universität BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Jasmin Joshi
- Berlin‐Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB)BerlinGermany
- Institute for Landscape and Open SpaceEastern Switzerland University of Applied SciencesSt. GallenSwitzerland
| | - Richard P. Duncan
- Centre for Conservation Ecology and GeneticsInstitute for Applied EcologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraACTAustralia
| | - Jeff M. Diez
- Institute of Ecology and EvolutionUniversity of OregonEugeneORUSA
| | - Paul Kardol
- Department of Forest Ecology and ManagementSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesUmeåSweden
| | - Gemma Rutten
- Institute of Plant ScienceUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
- Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine (LECA)Université Grenoble AlpesUMR CNRS‐UGA‐USMB 5553GrenobleFrance
| | - Markus Fischer
- Institute of Plant ScienceUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland
| | - Wim H. van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of EcologyWageningenThe Netherlands
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands
| | - Thiemo Martijn Bezemer
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of EcologyWageningenThe Netherlands
- Institute of BiologySection Plant Ecology and PhytochemistryLeiden UniversityLeidenThe Netherlands
| | - John Klironomos
- Department of BiologyUniversity of British ColumbiaKelownaBCCanada
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Buerdsell SL, Milligan BG, Lehnhoff EA. Invasive plant benefits a native plant through plant-soil feedback but remains the superior competitor. NEOBIOTA 2021. [DOI: 10.3897/neobiota.64.57746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Plant soil feedback (PSF) occurs when a plant modifies soil biotic properties and those changes in turn influence plant growth, survival or reproduction. These feedback effects are not well understood as mechanisms for invasive plant species. Eragrostis lehmanniana is an invasive species that has extensively colonized the southwest US. To address how PSFs may affect E. lehmanniana invasion and native Bouteloua gracilis growth, soil inoculant from four sites of known invasion age at the Appleton-Whittell Audubon Research Ranch in Sonoita, AZ were used in a PSF greenhouse study, incorporating a replacement series design. The purpose of this research was to evaluate PSF conspecific and heterospecific effects and competition outcomes between the invasive E. lehmanniana and a native forage grass, Bouteloua gracilis. Eragrostis lehmannianaPSFs were beneficial to B. gracilis if developed in previously invaded soil. Plant-soil feedback contributed to competitive suppression of B. gracilis only in the highest ratio of E. lehmanniana to B. gracilis. Plant-soil feedback did not provide an advantage to E. lehmanniana in competitive interactions with B. gracilis at low competition levels but were advantageous to E. lehmanniana at the highest competition ratio, indicating a possible density-dependent effect. Despite being beneficial to B. gracilis under many conditions, E. lehmanniana was the superior competitor.
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Achury R, Holway DA, Suarez AV. Pervasive and persistent effects of ant invasion and fragmentation on native ant assemblages. Ecology 2021; 102:e03257. [PMID: 33226643 DOI: 10.1002/ecy.3257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Biological invasions are a leading cause of global change, yet their long-term effects remain hard to predict. Invasive species can remain abundant for long periods of time, or exhibit population crashes that allow native communities to recover. The abundance and impact of nonnative species may also be closely tied to temporally variable habitat characteristics. We investigated the long-term effects of habitat fragmentation and invasion by the Argentine ant (Linepithema humile) by resurveying ants in 40 scrub habitat fragments in coastal southern California that were originally sampled 21 yr ago. At a landscape scale, fragment area, but not fragment age or Argentine ant mean abundance, continued to explain variation in native ant species richness; the species-area relationship between the two sample years did not differ in terms of slope or intercept. At local scales, over the last 21 yr we detected increases in the overall area invaded (+36.7%, estimated as the proportion of occupied traps) and the relative abundance of the Argentine ant (+121.95%, estimated as mean number of workers in pitfall traps). Argentine ant mean abundance also increased inward from urban edges in 2017 compared to 1996. The greater level of penetration into fragments likely reduced native ant richness by eliminating refugia for native ants in fragments that did not contain sufficient interior area. At one fragment where we sampled eight times over the last 21 yr, Argentine ant mean abundance increased over time while the diversity of native ground-foraging ants declined from 14 to 4 species. Notably, native species predicted to be particularly sensitive to the combined effect of invasion and habitat loss were not detected at any sites in our recent sampling, including the army ant genus Neivamyrmex. Conversely, two introduced ant species (Brachymyrmex patagonicus and Pheidole flavens) that were undetected in 1996 are now common and widespread at our sites. Our results indicate that behaviorally and numerically dominant invasive species can maintain high densities and suppress native diversity for extended periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Achury
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
| | - David A Holway
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California, 92093, USA
| | - Andrew V Suarez
- Department of Entomology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 320 Morrill Hall, 505 S. Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA.,Department of Evolution, Ecology and Behavior, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, 61801, USA
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29
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Dieskau J, Bruelheide H, Gutknecht J, Erfmeier A. Biogeographic differences in plant-soil biota relationships contribute to the exotic range expansion of Verbascum thapsus. Ecol Evol 2020; 10:13057-13070. [PMID: 33304516 PMCID: PMC7713913 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.6894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Exotic plant species can evolve adaptations to environmental conditions in the exotic range. Furthermore, soil biota can foster exotic spread in the absence of negative soil pathogen-plant interactions or because of increased positive soil biota-plant feedbacks in the exotic range. Little is known, however, about the evolutionary dimension of plant-soil biota interactions when comparing native and introduced ranges.To assess the role of soil microbes for rapid evolution in plant invasion, we subjected Verbascum thapsus, a species native to Europe, to a reciprocal transplant experiment with soil and seed material originating from Germany (native) and New Zealand (exotic). Soil samples were treated with biocides to distinguish between effects of soil fungi and bacteria. Seedlings from each of five native and exotic populations were transplanted into soil biota communities originating from all populations and subjected to treatments of soil biota reduction: application of (a) fungicide, (b) biocide, (c) a combination of the two, and (d) control.For most of the investigated traits, native populations showed higher performance than exotic populations; there was no effect of soil biota origin. However, plants developed longer leaves and larger rosettes when treated with their respective home soil communities, indicating that native and exotic plant populations differed in their interaction with soil biota origin. The absence of fungi and bacteria resulted in a higher specific root length, suggesting that V. thapsus may compensate the absence of mutualistic microbes by increasing its root-soil surface contact. Synthesis. Introduced plants can evolve adaptations to soil biota in their new distribution range. This demonstrates the importance of biogeographic differences in plant-soil biota relationships and suggests that future studies addressing evolutionary divergence should account for differential effects of soil biota from the home and exotic range on native and exotic populations of successful plant invaders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Dieskau
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
| | - Helge Bruelheide
- Institute of Biology/Geobotany and Botanical GardenMartin Luther University Halle‐WittenbergHalle (Saale)Germany
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle–Jena–LeipzigLeipzigGermany
| | - Jessica Gutknecht
- Department of Soil, Water, and ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaTwin CitiesMNUSA
| | - Alexandra Erfmeier
- German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle–Jena–LeipzigLeipzigGermany
- Institute for Ecosystem ResearchKiel UniversityKielGermany
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30
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Wandrag EM, Bates SE, Barrett LG, Catford JA, Thrall PH, van der Putten WH, Duncan RP. Phylogenetic signals and predictability in plant-soil feedbacks. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 228:1440-1449. [PMID: 32619298 PMCID: PMC7689780 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 06/12/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
There is strong evidence for a phylogenetic signal in the degree to which species share co-evolved biotic partners and in the outcomes of biotic interactions. This implies there should be a phylogenetic signal in the outcome of feedbacks between plants and the soil microbiota they cultivate. However, attempts to identify a phylogenetic signal in plant-soil feedbacks have produced mixed results. Here we clarify how phylogenetic signals could arise in plant-soil feedbacks and use a recent compilation of data from feedback experiments to identify: whether there is a phylogenetic signal in the outcome of plant-soil feedbacks; and whether any signal arises through directional or divergent changes in feedback outcomes with evolutionary time. We find strong evidence for a divergent phylogenetic signal in feedback outcomes. Distantly related plant species show more divergent responses to each other's soil microbiota compared with closely related plant species. The pattern of divergence implies occasional co-evolutionary shifts in how plants interact with soil microbiota, with strongly contrasting feedback responses among some plant lineages. Our results highlight that it is difficult to predict feedback outcomes from phylogeny alone, other than to say that more closely related species tend to have more similar responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Wandrag
- Institute for Applied EcologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraACT2617Australia
- School of Environmental and Rural ScienceUniversity of New EnglandArmidaleNSW2350Australia
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)PO Box 50Wageningen6700 ABthe Netherlands
| | - Sarah E. Bates
- Institute for Applied EcologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraACT2617Australia
| | | | - Jane A. Catford
- Department of GeographyKing’s College LondonLondonWC2B 4BGUK
- School of BioSciencesUniversity of MelbourneMelbourneVic.3010Australia
| | | | - Wim H. van der Putten
- Department of Terrestrial EcologyNetherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO‐KNAW)PO Box 50Wageningen6700 ABthe Netherlands
- Laboratory of NematologyWageningen UniversityPO Box 8123Wageningen6700 ESthe Netherlands
| | - Richard P. Duncan
- Institute for Applied EcologyUniversity of CanberraCanberraACT2617Australia
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31
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von Holle B, Weber SE, Nickerson DM. The influence of warming and biotic interactions on the potential for range expansion of native and nonnative species. AOB PLANTS 2020; 12:plaa040. [PMID: 32968475 PMCID: PMC7494242 DOI: 10.1093/aobpla/plaa040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Plant species ranges are expected to shift in response to climate change, however, it is unclear how species interactions will affect range shifts. Because of the potential for enemy release of invasive nonnative plant species from species-specific soil pathogens, invasive plants may be able to shift ranges more readily than native plant species. Additionally, changing climatic conditions may alter soil microbial functioning, affecting plant-microbe interactions. We evaluated the effects of site, plant-soil microbe interactions, altered climate, and their interactions on the growth and germination of three congeneric shrub species, two native to southern and central Florida (Eugenia foetida and E. axillaris), and one nonnative invasive from south America (E. uniflora). We measured germination and biomass for these plant species in growth chambers grown under live and sterile soils from two sites within their current range, and one site in their expected range, simulating current (2010) and predicted future (2050) spring growing season temperatures in the new range. Soil microbes (microscopic bacteria, fungi, viruses and other organisms) had a net negative effect on the invasive plant, E. uniflora, across all sites and temperature treatments. This negative response to soil microbes suggests that E. uniflora's invasive success and potential for range expansion are due to other contributing factors, e.g. higher germination and growth relative to native Eugenia. The effect of soil microbes on the native species depended on the geographic provenance of the microbes, and this may influence range expansion of these native species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betsy von Holle
- Department of Biology, University of Central Florida, and Division of Environmental Biology, National Science Foundation, 2415 Eisenhower Avenue Alexandria, VA, USA
| | - Sören E Weber
- Institut für Evolutionsbiologie und Umweltwissenschaften, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - David M Nickerson
- Department of Statistics, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Blvd, Orlando, FL, USA
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32
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Phragmites australis Associates with Belowground Fungal Communities Characterized by High Diversity and Pathogen Abundance. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12090363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Microbial symbionts are gaining attention as crucial drivers of invasive species spread and dominance. To date, much research has quantified the net effects of plant–microbe interactions on the relative success of native and invasive species. However, little is known about how the structure (composition and diversity) of microbial symbionts can differ among native and invasive species, or vary across the invasive landscape. Here, we explore the structure of endosphere and soil fungal communities associated with a monoculture-forming widespread invader, Phragmites australis, and co-occurring native species. Using field survey data from marshes in coastal Louisiana, we tested three hypotheses: (1) Phragmites australis root and soil fungal communities differ from that of co-occurring natives, (2) Phragmites australis monocultures harbor distinct fungal communities at the expanding edge compared to the monodominant center, and (3) proximity to the P. australis invading front alters native root endosphere and soil fungal community structure. We found that P. australis cultivates root and soil fungal communities with higher richness, diversity, and pathogen abundances compared to native species. While P. australis was found to have higher endosphere pathogen abundances at its expanding edge compared to the monodominant center, we found no evidence of compositional changes or pathogen spillover in native species in close proximity to the invasion front. This work suggests that field measurements of fungal endosphere communities in native and invasive plants are useful to help understand (or rule out) mechanisms of invasion.
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Goss EM, Kendig AE, Adhikari A, Lane B, Kortessis N, Holt RD, Clay K, Harmon PF, Flory SL. Disease in Invasive Plant Populations. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2020; 58:97-117. [PMID: 32516034 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-phyto-010820-012757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Non-native invasive plants can establish in natural areas, where they can be ecologically damaging and costly to manage. Like cultivated plants, invasive plants can experience a relatively disease-free period upon introduction and accumulate pathogens over time. Diseases of invasive plant populations are infrequently studied compared to diseases of agriculture, forestry, and even native plant populations. We evaluated similarities and differences in the processes that are likely to affect pathogen accumulation and disease in invasive plants compared to cultivated plants, which are the dominant focus of the field of plant pathology. Invasive plants experience more genetic, biotic, and abiotic variation across space and over time than cultivated plants, which is expected to stabilize the ecological and evolutionary dynamics of interactions with pathogens and possibly weaken the efficacy of infectious disease in their control. Although disease is expected to be context dependent, the widespread distribution of invasive plants makes them important pathogen reservoirs. Research on invasive plant diseases can both protect crops and help manage invasive plant populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica M Goss
- Department of Plant Pathology and Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA;
| | - Amy E Kendig
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Ashish Adhikari
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Brett Lane
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Nicholas Kortessis
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Robert D Holt
- Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - Keith Clay
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana 70118, USA
| | - Philip F Harmon
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
| | - S Luke Flory
- Agronomy Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA
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Downing JL, Liu H, McCormick MK, Arce J, Alonso D, Lopez‐Perez J. Generalized mycorrhizal interactions and fungal enemy release drive range expansion of orchids in southern Florida. Ecosphere 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.3228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Jason L. Downing
- International Center for Tropical Botany Florida International University 11200 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden 10901 Old Cutler Road Coral Gables Florida33156USA
| | - Hong Liu
- International Center for Tropical Botany Florida International University 11200 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden 10901 Old Cutler Road Coral Gables Florida33156USA
| | - Melissa K. McCormick
- Smithsonian Institution Smithsonian Environmental Research Center 647 Contees Wharf Road Edgewater Maryland21037USA
| | - Jay Arce
- International Center for Tropical Botany Florida International University 11200 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
- Fairchild Tropical Botanic Garden 10901 Old Cutler Road Coral Gables Florida33156USA
| | - Dailen Alonso
- International Center for Tropical Botany Florida International University 11200 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
| | - Jorge Lopez‐Perez
- International Center for Tropical Botany Florida International University 11200 8th Street Miami Florida33199USA
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McKenna TP, Koziol L, Bever JD, Crews TE, Sikes BA. Abiotic and biotic context dependency of perennial crop yield. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0234546. [PMID: 32589642 PMCID: PMC7319328 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0234546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Perennial crops in agricultural systems can increase sustainability and the magnitude of ecosystem services, but yield may depend upon biotic context, including soil mutualists, pathogens and cropping diversity. These biotic factors themselves may interact with abiotic factors such as drought. We tested whether perennial crop yield depended on soil microbes, water availability and crop diversity by testing monocultures and mixtures of three perennial crop species: a novel perennial grain (intermediate wheatgrass-Thinopyrum intermedium-- that produces the perennial grain Kernza®), a potential perennial oilseed crop (Silphium intregrifolium), and alfalfa (Medicago sativa). Perennial crop performance depended upon both water regime and the presence of living soil, most likely the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi in the whole soil inoculum from a long term perennial monoculture and from an undisturbed native remnant prairie. Specifically, both Silphium and alfalfa strongly benefited from AM fungi. The presence of native prairie AM fungi had a greater benefit to Silphium in dry pots and alfalfa in wet pots than AM fungi present in the perennial monoculture soil. Kernza did not benefit from AM fungi. Crop mixtures that included Kernza overyielded, but overyielding depended upon inoculation. Specifically, mixtures with Kernza overyielded most strongly in sterile soil as Kernza compensated for poor growth of Silphium and alfalfa. This study identifies the importance of soil biota and the context dependence of benefits of native microbes and the overyielding of mixtures in perennial crops.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Liz Koziol
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
| | - James D. Bever
- University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, United States of America
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Huang K, Kong DL, Lu XR, Feng WW, Liu MC, Feng YL. Lesser leaf herbivore damage and structural defense and greater nutrient concentrations for invasive alien plants: Evidence from 47 pairs of invasive and non-invasive plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 723:137829. [PMID: 32203801 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2020] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Empirical evidence of enemy release is still inconsistent for invasive alien plant species, although enemy release is the key assumption for both the enemy release hypothesis (ERH) and the evolution of increased competitive ability hypothesis (EICA). In addition, little effort has been made to test this assumption in terms of defense investment using a multi-species comparative approach. Using a phylogenetically controlled within-study meta-analytical approach, we compared leaf herbivore damage, structural defenses and nutrients between 47 pairs of invasive versus native and/or non-invasive alien plants in China. The invasive relative to the co-occurring native or non-invasive (native and non-invasive alien) plants incurred lesser leaf herbivore damage, had lesser leaf concentrations of cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin and carbon, lesser leaf density and carbon or lignin to nitrogen ratio but greater nutrients, which may facilitate success of the invasive plants. The lesser structural investment did not result in lesser leaf construction costs for the invaders, which may be associated with their greater leaf nitrogen concentration. However, the invasive plants were not significantly different from the non-invasive alien plants in any trait. Our results provide strong evidence for ERH, also are consistent with EICA, and indicate that enemy release may be an important factor in alien plant invasions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Huang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - De-Liang Kong
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Xiu-Rong Lu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Wei-Wei Feng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China
| | - Ming-Chao Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China.
| | - Yu-Long Feng
- Liaoning Key Laboratory for Biological Invasions and Global Changes, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province 110866, China.
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37
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Cassini MH. A review of the critics of invasion biology. Biol Rev Camb Philos Soc 2020; 95:1467-1478. [PMID: 32515886 DOI: 10.1111/brv.12624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herein, I review existing criticisms of the field of invasion biology. Firstly, I identifiy problems of conceptual weaknesses, including disagreements regarding: (i) definitions of invasive, impact, and pristine conditions, and (ii) ecological assumptions such as species equilibrium, niche saturation, and climax communities. Secondly, I discuss methodological problems include the misuse of correlations, biases in impact reviews and risk assessment, and difficulties in predicting the effects of species introductions or eradications. Finally, I analyse the social conflict regarding invasive species management and differences in moral and philosophical foundations. I discuss the recent emergence of alternatives to traditional invasion biology approaches, including the concept of novel ecosystems, conciliation biology, and compassionate conservation. Understanding different value systems will be the first step to reconciling the different perspectives related to this controversial topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo H Cassini
- Laboratorio de Biología del Comportamiento, IBYME, CONICET, Obligado, Buenos Aires, 2490, Argentina
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38
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Aldorfová A, Knobová P, Münzbergová Z. Plant–soil feedback contributes to predicting plant invasiveness of 68 alien plant species differing in invasive status. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.07186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Aldorfová
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles Univ Benátská 2 CZ‐128 01 Prague 2 Czech Republic
- Inst. of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
| | - Pavlína Knobová
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles Univ Benátská 2 CZ‐128 01 Prague 2 Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Münzbergová
- Dept of Botany, Faculty of Science, Charles Univ Benátská 2 CZ‐128 01 Prague 2 Czech Republic
- Inst. of Botany, Czech Academy of Sciences Průhonice Czech Republic
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39
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Schroeder JW, Dobson A, Mangan SA, Petticord DF, Herre EA. Mutualist and pathogen traits interact to affect plant community structure in a spatially explicit model. Nat Commun 2020; 11:2204. [PMID: 32371877 PMCID: PMC7200732 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Empirical studies show that plant-soil feedbacks (PSF) can generate negative density dependent (NDD) recruitment capable of maintaining plant community diversity at landscape scales. However, the observation that common plants often exhibit relatively weaker NDD than rare plants at local scales is difficult to reconcile with the maintenance of overall plant diversity. We develop a spatially explicit simulation model that tracks the community dynamics of microbial mutualists, pathogens, and their plant hosts. We find that net PSF effects vary as a function of both host abundance and key microbial traits (e.g., host affinity) in ways that are compatible with both common plants exhibiting relatively weaker local NDD, while promoting overall species diversity. The model generates a series of testable predictions linking key microbial traits and the relative abundance of host species, to the strength and scale of PSF and overall plant community diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- John W Schroeder
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancon, Republic of Panama.
- Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Marine Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA, USA.
| | - Andrew Dobson
- Princeton University, Princeton, NJ, USA
- Santa Fe Institute, Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe, NM, USA
| | - Scott A Mangan
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancon, Republic of Panama
- Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Daniel F Petticord
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancon, Republic of Panama
| | - Edward Allen Herre
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Balboa Ancon, Republic of Panama
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40
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Heinen R, Hannula SE, De Long JR, Huberty M, Jongen R, Kielak A, Steinauer K, Zhu F, Bezemer TM. Plant community composition steers grassland vegetation via soil legacy effects. Ecol Lett 2020; 23:973-982. [PMID: 32266749 PMCID: PMC7318629 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Soil legacy effects are commonly highlighted as drivers of plant community dynamics and species co-existence. However, experimental evidence for soil legacy effects of conditioning plant communities on responding plant communities under natural conditions is lacking. We conditioned 192 grassland plots using six different plant communities with different ratios of grasses and forbs and for different durations. Soil microbial legacies were evident for soil fungi, but not for soil bacteria, while soil abiotic parameters did not significantly change in response to conditioning. The soil legacies affected the composition of the succeeding vegetation. Plant communities with different ratios of grasses and forbs left soil legacies that negatively affected succeeding plants of the same functional type. We conclude that fungal-mediated soil legacy effects play a significant role in vegetation assembly of natural plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin Heinen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biology, Section Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - S Emilia Hannula
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan R De Long
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine Huberty
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biology, Section Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Jongen
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anna Kielak
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Steinauer
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Feng Zhu
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water Resources, Hebei Key Laboratory of Soil Ecology, Center for Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetic and Developmental Biology, The Chinese Academy of Sciences, 286 Huaizhong Road, 050021, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - T Martijn Bezemer
- Department of Terrestrial Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology, P.O. Box 50, 6700 AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands.,Institute of Biology, Section Plant Ecology and Phytochemistry, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9505, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands
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41
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Ni G, Zhao P, Huang Q, Zhu L, Hou Y, Yu Y, Ye Y, Ouyang L. Mikania micrantha invasion enhances the carbon (C) transfer from plant to soil and mediates the soil C utilization through altering microbial community. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 711:135020. [PMID: 31810695 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Exotic plant invasion alters the structure and coverage of terrestrial vegetation and affects the carbon (C) stocks in ecosystems. Previous studies have shown the increases in the C stocks with increasing invasive plants, but these results remain contentious. Soil microbial communities are usually altered by plant invasion, which potentially influences the C cycling underground. We hypothesized that the plant invasion-caused dynamic changes in soil microbes would lead to the corresponding change in soil C accumulation. Using greenhouse experiments we simulated different invader intensities through varying the relative abundance of invasive species Mikania micrantha and its co-occurring native species Paederia scandens. By analyzing 13C-phospholipid fatty acid we found the invasive M. micrantha assimilated more 13C and transferred faster the fixed 13C through different tissues to soils, as compared to native P. scandens. Soil microbial components, i.e., i15:0, 16:0, 10Me16:0, 18:1w9c and 18:2w6,9 were mainly using the photo-assimilated 13C. In addition, we found a hump-shaped relationship between soil net 13C accumulate rate and rhizosphere microbial biomass, indicating that the soil C accumulation may be either enhanced or reduced in invaded ecosystems, depending on microbe abundance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China.
| | - Ping Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Qiaoqiao Huang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Liwei Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
| | - Yuping Hou
- College of Life Sciences, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, China
| | - Yina Yu
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Youhua Ye
- Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Lei Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Vegetation Restoration and Management of Degraded Ecosystems & Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Botany, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China
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42
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Multiple factors contribute to the spatially variable and dramatic decline of an invasive snail in an estuary where it was long-established and phenomenally abundant. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-019-02172-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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43
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Sapsford SJ, Brandt AJ, Davis KT, Peralta G, Dickie IA, Gibson RD, Green JL, Hulme PE, Nuñez MA, Orwin KH, Pauchard A, Wardle DA, Peltzer DA. Towards a framework for understanding the context dependence of impacts of non‐native tree species. Funct Ecol 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Sapsford
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | | | - Kimberley T. Davis
- Department of Ecosystem and Conservation Sciences University of Montana Missoula MT USA
| | - Guadalupe Peralta
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Lincoln New Zealand
| | - Ian A. Dickie
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Robert D. Gibson
- Bio‐Protection Research Centre Lincoln University Lincoln New Zealand
| | - Joanna L. Green
- School of Biological Sciences University of Canterbury Christchurch New Zealand
| | - Philip E. Hulme
- Bio‐Protection Research Centre Lincoln University Lincoln New Zealand
| | - Martin A. Nuñez
- Grupo de Ecología de Invasiones INIBIOMA CONICET‐Universidad Nacional del Comahue Bariloche Argentina
| | - Kate H. Orwin
- Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research Lincoln New Zealand
| | - Anibal Pauchard
- Laboratorio de Invasiones Biológicas (LIB) Facultad de Ciencias Forestales Universidad de Concepción Concepción Chile
- Institute of Ecology and Biodiversity (IEB) Santiago Chile
| | - David A. Wardle
- Asian School of the Environment Nanyang Technological University Singapore
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44
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Li J, Xie S, Wilson GWT, Cobb AB, Tang S, Guo L, Wang K, Deng B. Plant–microbial interactions facilitate grassland species coexistence at the community level. OIKOS 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/oik.06609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiahuan Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural Univ CN‐100193 Beijing PR China
| | - Shu Xie
- Groningen Inst. for Evolutionary Life Sciences, Univ. of Groningen Groningen the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Lizhu Guo
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural Univ CN‐100193 Beijing PR China
| | - Kun Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural Univ CN‐100193 Beijing PR China
| | - Bo Deng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural Univ CN‐100193 Beijing PR China
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45
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Bowe A, Dobson A, Blossey B. Impacts of invasive earthworms and deer on native ferns in forests of northeastern North America. Biol Invasions 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10530-020-02195-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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46
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Fang K, Chen L, Zhou J, Yang ZP, Dong XF, Zhang HB. Plant-soil-foliage feedbacks on seed germination and seedling growth of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora. Proc Biol Sci 2019; 286:20191520. [PMID: 31822255 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2019.1520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Some exotic plants become invasive because they partially release from soil-borne enemies and thus benefit from positive plant-soil feedbacks (PSFs) in the introduced range. However, reports that have focused only on PSFs may exaggerate the invader's competitiveness. Here, we conducted three experiments to characterize plant-soil-foliage feedbacks, including mature leaves (ML), leaf litter (LL), rhizosphere soil (RS) and leaves plus soil (LS), on the early growth stages of the invasive plant Ageratina adenophora. In general, the feedbacks from aboveground (ML, LL) adversely affected A. adenophora by delaying germination time, inhibiting germination rate and reducing seedling growth. The increased invasion history exacerbated the adverse effects of LL and LS feedbacks on seedling growth. These adverse effects were partially contributed by more abundant fungi (e.g. Didymella) or/and more virulent fungi (e.g. Fusarium) developed in the aboveground part of A. adenophora during the invasion. Interestingly, the aboveground adverse effects can be weakened by microbes from RSs. Our novel findings emphasize the important role of aboveground feedbacks in the evaluation of plant invasiveness, and their commonness and significance remain to be explored in other invasive systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Fang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Xing-Fan Dong
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
| | - Han-Bo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-Resources in Yunnan, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China.,School of Ecology and Environmental Science, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, People's Republic of China
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47
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Li J, Oduor AMO, Yu F, Dong M. A native parasitic plant and soil microorganisms facilitate a native plant co-occurrence with an invasive plant. Ecol Evol 2019; 9:8652-8663. [PMID: 31410269 PMCID: PMC6686308 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.5407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasive plants often interact with antagonists that include native parasitic plants and pathogenic soil microbes, which may reduce fitness of the invaders. However, to date, most of the studies on the ecological consequences of antagonistic interactions between invasive plants and the resident biota focused only on pairwise interactions. A full understanding of invasion dynamics requires studies that test the effects of multiple antagonists on fitness of invasive plants and co-occurring native plants. Here, we used an invasive plant Mikania micrantha, a co-occurring native plant Coix lacryma-jobi, and a native holoparasitic plant Cuscuta campestris to test whether parasitism on M. micrantha interacts with soil fungi and bacteria to reduce fitness of the invader and promote growth of the co-occurring native plant. In a factorial setup, M. micrantha and C. lacryma-jobi were grown together in pots in the presence versus absence of parasitism on M. micrantha by C. campestris and in the presence versus absence of full complements of soil bacteria and fungi. Fungicide and bactericide were used to suppress soil fungi and bacteria, respectively. Findings show that heavy parasitism by C. campestris caused the greatest reduction in M. micrantha biomass when soil fungi and bacteria were suppressed. In contrast, the co-occurring native plant C. lacryma-jobi experienced the greatest increase in biomass when grown with heavily parasitized M. micrantha and in the presence of a full complement of soil fungi and bacteria. Taken together, our results suggest that selective parasitism on susceptible invasive plants by native parasitic plants and soil microorganisms may diminish competitive ability of invasive plants and facilitate native plant coexistence with invasive plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junmin Li
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and ConservationTaizhou UniversityTaizhouChina
| | - Ayub M. O. Oduor
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and ConservationTaizhou UniversityTaizhouChina
- Department of Applied and Technical BiologyTechnical University of KenyaNairobiKenya
| | - Feihai Yu
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Evolutionary Ecology and ConservationTaizhou UniversityTaizhouChina
| | - Ming Dong
- Key Laboratory of Hangzhou City for Ecosystem Protection and Restoration, College of Life and Environmental SciencesHangzhou Normal UniversityHangzhouChina
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48
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Verbeek JD, Kotanen PM. Soil-mediated impacts of an invasive thistle inhibit the recruitment of certain native plants. Oecologia 2019; 190:619-628. [DOI: 10.1007/s00442-019-04435-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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49
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Crawford KM, Bauer JT, Comita LS, Eppinga MB, Johnson DJ, Mangan SA, Queenborough SA, Strand AE, Suding KN, Umbanhowar J, Bever JD. When and where plant-soil feedback may promote plant coexistence: a meta-analysis. Ecol Lett 2019; 22:1274-1284. [PMID: 31149765 DOI: 10.1111/ele.13278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Plant-soil feedback (PSF) theory provides a powerful framework for understanding plant dynamics by integrating growth assays into predictions of whether soil communities stabilise plant-plant interactions. However, we lack a comprehensive view of the likelihood of feedback-driven coexistence, partly because of a failure to analyse pairwise PSF, the metric directly linked to plant species coexistence. Here, we determine the relative importance of plant evolutionary history, traits, and environmental factors for coexistence through PSF using a meta-analysis of 1038 pairwise PSF measures. Consistent with eco-evolutionary predictions, feedback is more likely to mediate coexistence for pairs of plant species (1) associating with similar guilds of mycorrhizal fungi, (2) of increasing phylogenetic distance, and (3) interacting with native microbes. We also found evidence for a primary role of pathogens in feedback-mediated coexistence. By combining results over several independent studies, our results confirm that PSF may play a key role in plant species coexistence, species invasion, and the phylogenetic diversification of plant communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerri M Crawford
- Department of Biology & Biochemistry, University of Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jonathan T Bauer
- Department of Biology, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA.,Institute for the Environment and Sustainability, Miami University, Oxford, OH, USA
| | - Liza S Comita
- School of Forestry & Environmental Studies, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Maarten B Eppinga
- Faculty of Geosciences, Department of Environmental Science, Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Daniel J Johnson
- School of Forest Resources and Conservation, University of Florida, Tallahassee, FL, USA
| | - Scott A Mangan
- Department of Biology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Allan E Strand
- Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, SC, USA
| | - Katharine N Suding
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - James Umbanhowar
- Biology Department, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - James D Bever
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology and The Kansas Biological Survey, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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50
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Dang Z, McLenachan PA, Lockhart PJ, Waipara N, Er O, Reynolds C, Blanchon D. Metagenome Profiling Identifies Potential Biocontrol Agents for Selaginella kraussiana in New Zealand. Genes (Basel) 2019; 10:genes10020106. [PMID: 30709012 PMCID: PMC6409722 DOI: 10.3390/genes10020106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Metagenomics can be used to identify potential biocontrol agents for invasive species and was used here to identify candidate species for biocontrol of an invasive club moss in New Zealand. Profiles were obtained for Selaginella kraussiana collected from nine geographically disjunct locations in Northern New Zealand. These profiles were distinct from those obtained for the exotic club moss Selaginella moellendorffii and the native club mosses Lycopodium deuterodensum and Lycopodium volubile also collected in Northern New Zealand. Fungi and bacteria implicated elsewhere in causing plant disease were identified on plants of Selaginella that exhibited signs of necrosis. Most notably, high densities of sequence reads from Xanthomonas translucens and Pseudomonas syringae were associated with some populations of Selaginella but not Lycopodium. Since these bacteria are already in use as biocontrol agents elsewhere, further investigation into their potential as biocontrol of Selaginella in New Zealand is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhua Dang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Ecology and Resource Use of the Mongolian Plateau & Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecology, School of Ecology and Environment, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot 010021, China.
| | - Patricia A McLenachan
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Peter J Lockhart
- Institute of Fundamental Sciences, College of Sciences, Massey University, Palmerston North 4442, New Zealand.
| | - Nick Waipara
- The New Zealand Institute for Plant & Food Research Limited, Mt Albert, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
| | - Orhan Er
- Arborlab Consultancy Services, Auckland 0632, New Zealand.
| | | | - Dan Blanchon
- School of Environmental and Animal Sciences, Unitec Institute of Technology, Private Bag 92025, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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