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Hussain MK, Almayali AH, Baqir Aljabery HA, Kamil ZD. Adeponectin gene polymorphism, rs2241766, is associated with coronary artery disease in Iraqi population. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2018.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Ji MJ, Ku EJ, Oh TK, Jeon HJ. Association of Adiponectin 45T/G Polymorphism with Diabetic Cardiovascular Complications in Korean Type 2 Diabetes. J Korean Med Sci 2018; 33:e124. [PMID: 29686595 PMCID: PMC5909101 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2018.33.e124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin is an adipokine that regulates lipid and glucose metabolism and has been shown to have anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. It also plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). METHODS This study evaluated the association between adiponectin 45T/G polymorphism and cardiovascular complication in type 2 diabetes in Koreans. RESULTS The present study included 758 patients with type 2 diabetes. The distribution of the adiponectin 45T/G polymorphism was 3.56% (n = 27) for GG, 42.35% (n = 321) for TG, and 54.09% (n = 410) for TT in patients with type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of CVD was significantly higher in subjects with the GG + TG genotype compared to those with the TT genotype (17.5% vs. 9.8%, P = 0.002). The G allele was associated with a higher risk of CVD (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the adiponectin 45T/G polymorphism is associated with diabetic cardiovascular complication in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeong Jin Ji
- Department of Internal Medicine, SynWoo Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Eu Jeong Ku
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Tae Keun Oh
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Hyun Jeong Jeon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chungbuk National University College of Medicine, Cheongju, Korea
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Ghazouani L, Elmufti A, Baaziz I, Chaabane I, Ben Mansour H. Contribution of adiponectin polymorphisms to the risk of coronary artery disease in a North-African Tunisian population. J Clin Lab Anal 2018; 32:e22446. [PMID: 29633340 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.22446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein, is known to play a key role in the processes leading to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease (CAD) through its anti-atherogenic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidative, and anti-apoptotic properties. In the current study, we have studied the association of two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) +45 T>G (rs2241766) and +276 G>T (rs1501299) of the adiponectin gene with coronary artery disease (CAD) on an Arab/North-African population from Tunisia. METHODS Subjects comprised 277 patients with angiographically demonstrated CAD and 269 age- and gender-matched control subjects. The adiponectin genotypes were performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis (PCR-RFLP). The contribution of adiponectin variants to CAD was analyzed by haplotype and regression analysis. RESULTS Adiponectin +45T>G and +276G>T genotypic and allelic distributions did not show a significant difference between cases and controls. Similarly, no association with CAD was observed for the haplotype analysis. Assuming dominant model of transmission for both polymorphisms and after adjustment of a number of traditional risk factors for CAD, logistic regression analysis showed an association of SNP +45 T>G with increased risk of developing CAD [adjusted OR (95% CI) = 2.59 (1.17-5.70); P = .01]. However, SNP + 276 G>T is associated with decreased risk of developing CAD [adjusted OR (95% CI) = 0.47 (0.22-0.97); P = .04]. CONCLUSION There is no allelic or genotypic association of +45 T>G and +276 G>T of the adiponectin gene with CAD in the Tunisian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lakhdar Ghazouani
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Afoua Elmufti
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Intissar Baaziz
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Ibtissem Chaabane
- Research Unit of Macromolecular Biochemistry and Genetics, Faculty of Sciences of Gafsa, Gafsa, Tunisia
| | - Hedi Ben Mansour
- Research Unit of Analysis and Process Applied to the Environmental-APAE (UR17ES32), Higher Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology Mahdia, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
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An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Association Between Adiponectin Gene Polymorphisms and Coronary Artery Disease. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 21:340-351. [DOI: 10.1089/omi.2017.0007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Associations between two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (rs2241766 and rs1501299) of ADIPOQ gene and coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:51994-52005. [PMID: 28881706 PMCID: PMC5584307 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.18317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 02/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms were indicated to be associated with coronary artery disease (CAD) in diabetic patients, however, published studies reported inconsistent results. We performed this meta-analysis to reach a more accurate estimation of the relationship between two common ADIPOQ genetic polymorphisms (rs2241766 and rs1501299) and CAD risk in diabetic patients. Eligible studies were retrieved by searching PubMed, Embase, Wangfang, VIP database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases. Included and excluded criteria were formulated. The case group was diabetic patients with CAD, and the control group was diabetic subjects without CAD. Summary odds rations (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to evaluate ADIPOQ polymorphisms associations with CAD risk in diabetic group. Heterogeneity was evaluated by Q statistic and I2 statistic. A total of twelve published articles, involving 3996 cases and 8876 controls were included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results from rs1501299 polymorphism showed decreased risk in homozygote model (TT VS GG: OR=0.67, 95%CI=0.54-0.83). Heterogeneity was detected in our study. Sensitivity analysis and subgroup analysis were conducted in the meta-analysis. For rs2241766 polymorphism, an increased risk was detected in Caucasian subgroup in heterozygote model (CT VS TT: OR=1.19, 95%CI=1.00-1.42). In genotyping method (PCR-RFLP) subgroup, an increased risk was found in recessive model (GG VS GT+TT: OR=2.05, 95%CI=1.23-3.39). In the sensitivity analysis of rs1501299, decreased risk was detected in allelic model (T VS G: OR=0.86, 95%CI=0.76-0.98) and recessive model (TT VS TG+GG: OR=0.47, 95%CI=0.33-0.67). Publication bias is not observed in our results. Our meta-analysis suggests that the rs1501299 polymorphism may play a protective role in CAD in diabetic patients. The rs2241766 polymorphism is found to be associated with a significant increase in CAD risk in Caucasian and genotyping method (PCR-RFLP) subgroups. Further studies are needed to confirm the prediagnostic effect of the two gene polymorphisms in CAD risk in diabetic patients.
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Targeting endothelial metaflammation to counteract diabesity cardiovascular risk: Current and perspective therapeutic options. Pharmacol Res 2017; 120:226-241. [PMID: 28408314 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2017.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The association of obesity and diabetes, termed "diabesity", defines a combination of primarily metabolic disorders with insulin resistance as the underlying common pathophysiology. Cardiovascular disorders associated with diabesity represent the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in the Western world. This makes diabesity, with its rising impacts on both health and economics, one of the most challenging biomedical and social threats of present century. The emerging comprehension of the genes whose alteration confers inter-individual differences on risk factors for diabetes or obesity, together with the potential role of genetically determined variants on mechanisms controlling responsiveness, effectiveness and safety of anti-diabetic therapy underlines the need of additional knowledge on molecular mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of diabesity. Endothelial cell dysfunction, resulting from the unbalanced production of endothelial-derived vascular mediators, is known to be present at the earliest stages of insulin resistance and obesity, and may precede the clinical diagnosis of diabetes by several years. Once considered as a mere consequence of metabolic abnormalities, it is now clear that endothelial dysfunctional activity may play a pivotal role in the progression of diabesity. In the vicious circle where vascular defects and metabolic disturbances worsen and reinforce each other, a low-grade, chronic, and 'cold' inflammation (metaflammation) has been suggested to serve as the pathophysiological link that binds endothelial and metabolic dysfunctions. In this paradigm, it is important to consider how traditional antidiabetic treatments (specifically addressing metabolic dysregulation) may directly impact on inflammatory processes or cardiovascular function. Indeed, not all drugs currently available to treat diabetes possess the same anti-inflammatory potential, or target endothelial cell function equally. Perspective strategies pointing at reducing metaflammation or directly addressing endothelial dysfunction may disclose beneficial consequences on metabolic regulation. This review focuses on existing and potential new approaches ameliorating endothelial dysfunction and vascular inflammation in the context of diabesity.
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Kanu JS, Gu Y, Zhi S, Yu M, Lu Y, Cong Y, Liu Y, Li Y, Yu Y, Cheng Y, Liu Y. Single nucleotide polymorphism rs3774261 in the AdipoQ gene is associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in Northeast Han Chinese population: a case-control study. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:6. [PMID: 26754433 PMCID: PMC4709904 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0173-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Accepted: 12/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) is one of the leading causes of death in the world with a projected global 82 million DALYs by 2020. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to CHD development. Here, the authors investigate the association between CHD risk and three Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) in the AdipoQ gene (rs3774261, rs1063537 and rs2082940); and the interaction of this association with environmental factors, in Northeast Han Chinese population. Methods Using a case–control study design, 1514 participants (754 cases and 760 controls) were investigated. Three variants in the AdipoQ gene (rs3774261, rs1063537 and rs2082940) were selected and genotyped. The online SNPstats program and SPSS 21.0 software were used for data analyses. Results The authors found that the rs3774261G allele is associated with the risk of CHD but that the rs2082940T allele protects against CHD. No significant association was found between rs1063537 and CHD risk. The study also found significant interactions between triglyceride levels and the SNPs studied (P < 0.0001 for rs3774261, P = 0.014 for rs1063537, and P = 0.031 for rs2082940). Conclusions Variations in AdipoQ gene can protect against CHD (as with rs2082940T) or associated with CHD risk (as with rs3774261G) in Northeast Han Chinese – findings that will help shed light on the reported conflicting roles of AdipoQ in cardiovascular diseases. Serum triglycerides levels also interact in the AdipoQ – CHD association, thus further highlighting the roles environmental factors play in the genetic aspect of diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sam Kanu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yulu Gu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Sun Zhi
- Clinical laboratory of China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.
| | - Mingxi Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yuping Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yetong Cong
- The General Hospital of Jilin Chemical Group Corporation, Jilin, 132022, China.
| | - Yunkai Liu
- The Cardiovascular Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yaqin Yu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yi Cheng
- The Cardiovascular Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
| | - Yawen Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.
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Banerjee M, Saxena M. Genetic polymorphisms of cytokine genes in type 2 diabetes mellitus. World J Diabetes 2014; 5:493-504. [PMID: 25126395 PMCID: PMC4127584 DOI: 10.4239/wjd.v5.i4.493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a combined metabolic disorder which includes hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, stroke and several other complications. Various groups all over the world are relentlessly working out the possible role of a vast number of genes associated with type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Inflammation is an important outcome of any kind of imbalance in the body and is therefore an indicator of several diseases, including T2DM. Various ethnic populations around the world show different levels of variations in single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). The present review was undertaken to explore the association of cytokine gene polymorphisms with T2DM in populations of different ethnicities. This will lead to the understanding of the role of cytokine genes in T2DM risk and development. Association studies of genotypes of SNPs present in cytokine genes will help to identify risk haplotype(s) for disease susceptibility by developing prognostic markers and alter treatment strategies for T2DM and related complications. This will enable individuals at risk to take prior precautionary measures and avoid or delay the onset of the disease. Future challenges will be to understand the genotypic interactions between SNPs in one cytokine gene or several genes at different loci and study their association with T2DM.
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Piao L, Han Y, Li D. Correlation study on adiponectin gene SNP45 and long-term oxidative stress in patients with diabetes and carotid atherosclerosis. Exp Ther Med 2014; 8:707-712. [PMID: 25120586 PMCID: PMC4113525 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2014.1808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the correlation between the adiponectin gene single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP)45 T/G and long-term oxidative stress in type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Patients with T2DM were divided into non-carotid atherosclerosis and carotid atherosclerosis groups, which were then subsequently divided into TT and TG + GG groups according to the adiponectin SNP45 T/G genotypes. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, TaqMan probe quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR), PCR-TaqMan, color Doppler and other methods were used to determine the adiponectin levels, gene polymorphisms, acquired mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) A3243G somatic cell mutation rates and the carotid intima-media thickness. The somatic cell mutation rate of acquired mtDNA A3243A/G in the T2DM carotid atherosclerosis group was significantly higher compared with the group without carotid atherosclerosis. In addition, the acquired mtDNA A3243A/G somatic cell mutation rate in the T2DM carotid atherosclerosis group with the adiponectin gene SNP45 TT genotype was significantly lower compared with the SNP45 TG/GG genotype group. T2DM combined with carotid atherosclerosis was associated with long-term oxidative stress. In addition, adiponectin gene SNP45 T/G was associated with increased mtDNA A3243A/G somatic mutation rates in T2DM patients with carotid atherosclerosis. Therefore, adiponectin gene polymorphisms may lead to diabetes atherosclerosis through oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianshan Piao
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| | - Yanhua Han
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
| | - Dan Li
- Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated Hospital of Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133000, P.R. China
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Fisman EZ, Tenenbaum A. Adiponectin: a manifold therapeutic target for metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and coronary disease? Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:103. [PMID: 24957699 PMCID: PMC4230016 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-13-103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Adiponectin is the most abundant peptide secreted by adipocytes, being a key component in the interrelationship between adiposity, insulin resistance and inflammation. Central obesity accompanied by insulin resistance is a key factor in the development of metabolic syndrome (MS) and future macrovascular complications. Moreover, the remarkable correlation between coronary artery disease (CAD) and alterations in glucose metabolism has raised the likelihood that atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) may share a common biological background. We summarize here the current knowledge about the influence of adiponectin on insulin sensitivity and endothelial function, discussing its forthcoming prospects and potential role as a therapeutic target for MS, T2DM, and cardiovascular disease. Adiponectin is present in the circulation as a dimer, trimer or protein complex of high molecular weight hexamers, >400 kDa. AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 are its major receptors in vivo mediating the metabolic actions. Adiponectin stimulates phosphorylation and AMP (adenosin mono phosphate) kinase activation, exerting direct effects on vascular endothelium, diminishing the inflammatory response to mechanical injury and enhancing endothelium protection in cases of apolipoprotein E deficiency. Hypoadiponectinemia is consistently associated with obesity, MS, atherosclerosis, CAD, T2DM. Lifestyle correction helps to favorably modify plasma adiponectin levels. Low adiponectinemia in obese patients is raised via continued weight loss programs in both diabetic and nondiabetic individuals and is also accompanied by reductions in pro-inflammatory factors. Diet modifications, like intake of fish, omega-3 supplementation, adherence to a Mediterranean dietary pattern and coffee consumption also increase adiponectin levels. Antidiabetic and cardiovascular pharmacological agents, like glitazones, glimepiride, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blockers are also able to improve adiponectin concentration. Fibric acid derivatives, like bezafibrate and fenofibrate, have been reported to enhance adiponectin levels as well. T-cadherin, a membrane-associated adiponectin-binding protein lacking intracellular domain seems to be a main mediator of the antiatherogenic adiponectin actions. The finding of novel pharmacologic agents proficient to improve adiponectin plasma levels should be target of exhaustive research. Interesting future approaches could be the development of adiponectin-targeted drugs chemically designed to induce the activaton of its receptors and/or postreceptor signaling pathways, or the development of specific adiponectin agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Z Fisman
- Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel.
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Foucan L, Maimaitiming S, Larifla L, Hedreville S, Deloumeaux J, Joannes M, Blanchet‐Deverly A, Velayoudom‐Céphise F, Aubert R, Salamon R, Donnet J, Fumeron F. Adiponectin gene variants, adiponectin isoforms and cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients. J Diabetes Investig 2014; 5:192-8. [PMID: 24843760 PMCID: PMC4023583 DOI: 10.1111/jdi.12133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Revised: 06/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS/INTRODUCTION The aim of the present study was to examine the associations of rs2241766 (+45T>G), rs1501299 (+276G>T), rs17300539 (-11391G>A) and rs182052 (-10069G>A) in the adiponectin (Ad) gene with adiponectin concentrations, and concomitantly the association of these variants with cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetic patients of African ancestry. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional study of 200 patients was carried out. Concentrations of total, high (HMW), middle (MMW) and low (LMW) molecular weight adiponectin isoforms were measured. The four polymorphisms were genotyped. RESULTS Decreased values were noted for total Ad in overweight, dyslipidemia and coronary artery disease (CAD), for HMW in overweight and dyslipidemia, for MMW in CAD, for LMW in dyslipidemia and CAD, for the percentage HMW/total in overweight, and for MMW:HMW ratio in patients without hypertriglyceridemic waist (HTGW). Significant associations were noted between total Ad, HMW, and HMW/total Ad and rs182052 under a dominant model (P = 0.04, P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively), and between MMW and rs17300539 (P = 0.006). No significant difference in adiponectin concentrations was noted according to rs2241766 and rs1501299 genotypes. Patients carrying the rs2241766 G allele (TG+GG) had an increased risk of HTGW (odds ratio [OR] 3.1; P = 0.04) and of CAD (OR 3.3; P = 0.01). The odds of having low total adiponectin concentrations (<25th percentile: 3.49 ng/mL) for carrying the rs182052A allele (AA+GA) was: OR 0.40; P = 0.009. The single-nucleotide polymorphism associated with adiponectin levels was not concomitantly associated with cardiometabolic risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Adiponectin concentrations and ADIPOQ variants are implicated in the pathophysiological process leading to cardiovascular diseases, but the genetic effects seem to be independent of adiponectin concentrations in our Afro-Caribbean diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Foucan
- Research Group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineECM/L.A.M.I.A EA 4540University Hospital of GuadeloupeUniversity of Antilles and GuyaneGuadeloupeFrance
- Department of Medical Information and Public HealthUniversity Hospital of Pointe‐à‐PitreGuadeloupeFrance
| | - Suliya Maimaitiming
- INSERMU695Genetic determinants of type 2 diabetes and its vascular complicationsParisFrance
- University Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris CitéUMRS 695UFR de Médecine Site BichatParisFrance
| | - Laurent Larifla
- Research Group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineECM/L.A.M.I.A EA 4540University Hospital of GuadeloupeUniversity of Antilles and GuyaneGuadeloupeFrance
- Cardiology UnitUniversity Hospital of Pointe‐à‐PitreGuadeloupeFrance
| | - Segho Hedreville
- Cardiology UnitUniversity Hospital of Pointe‐à‐PitreGuadeloupeFrance
| | - Jacqueline Deloumeaux
- Research Group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineECM/L.A.M.I.A EA 4540University Hospital of GuadeloupeUniversity of Antilles and GuyaneGuadeloupeFrance
- Department of Medical Information and Public HealthUniversity Hospital of Pointe‐à‐PitreGuadeloupeFrance
| | - Marie‐Odile Joannes
- Research Group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineECM/L.A.M.I.A EA 4540University Hospital of GuadeloupeUniversity of Antilles and GuyaneGuadeloupeFrance
| | - Anne Blanchet‐Deverly
- Research Group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineECM/L.A.M.I.A EA 4540University Hospital of GuadeloupeUniversity of Antilles and GuyaneGuadeloupeFrance
| | - Fritz‐Line Velayoudom‐Céphise
- Research Group Clinical Epidemiology and MedicineECM/L.A.M.I.A EA 4540University Hospital of GuadeloupeUniversity of Antilles and GuyaneGuadeloupeFrance
| | - Roberte Aubert
- INSERMU695Genetic determinants of type 2 diabetes and its vascular complicationsParisFrance
| | - Roger Salamon
- Inserm U897Bordeaux School of Public HealthVictor Segalen Bordeaux 2 UniversityBordeauxFrance
| | - Jean‐Paul Donnet
- Diabetology UnitUniversity Hospital of Pointe‐à‐PitreGuadeloupeFrance
| | - Frederic Fumeron
- INSERMU695Genetic determinants of type 2 diabetes and its vascular complicationsParisFrance
- University Paris DiderotSorbonne Paris CitéUMRS 695UFR de Médecine Site BichatParisFrance
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Association Between the Adiponectin +45T>G Genotype and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease: A Meta-analysis. Heart Lung Circ 2014; 23:159-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.hlc.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Al-Azzam SI, Khabour OF, Alzoubi KH, Mukattash TL, Ghanma M, Saleh H. The role of adiponectin gene variants in glycemic control in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Endocr Res 2014; 39:13-7. [PMID: 23772547 DOI: 10.3109/07435800.2013.794427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the association between glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and common genetic variants of ADIPQO gene. A total of 427 Type 2 diabetes patients were recruited in the study and divided into two groups: 172 patients with good glycemic control and 249 with poor glycemic control. Genotyping of C11377G, G276T and T45G ADIPQO SNPs were carried out using restriction fragment length polymorphisms-polymerase chain reaction. The results showed that C11377G ADIPQO SNP is strongly associated with glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes patients. Patients with the GG genotype at adiponectin C11377G had better glycemic control than those with CC or CG genotypes. However, other examined SNPs were not correlated with glycemic control in Type 2 diabetes patients. Other parameters that impacted glycemic control include duration of the disease (p < 0.01), use of insulin therapy (p < 0.01) and presence of neuropathy complications (p < 0.01). However, no contribution was observed for gender, statin use, lipid profile and other oral medications to glycemic control (p > 0.05). Glycemic control among Type 2 diabetes patients might be affected by variants in ADIPQO gene.
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Shaker OG, Ismail MF. Association of Genetic Variants of MTHFR, ENPP1, and ADIPOQ with Myocardial Infarction in Egyptian Patients. Cell Biochem Biophys 2013; 69:265-74. [DOI: 10.1007/s12013-013-9794-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Antonopoulos AS, Tousoulis D, Antoniades C, Miliou A, Hatzis G, Papageorgiou N, Demosthenous M, Tentolouris C, Stefanadis C. Genetic variability on adiponectin gene affects myocardial infarction risk: The role of endothelial dysfunction. Int J Cardiol 2013; 168:326-30. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2012.09.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2012] [Revised: 07/20/2012] [Accepted: 09/15/2012] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Association of atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease with adiponectin genes SNP+45 and SNP+276: a case-control study. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:501203. [PMID: 23819115 PMCID: PMC3686066 DOI: 10.1155/2013/501203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Revised: 05/19/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives. We hypothesized that adiponectin gene SNP+45 (rs2241766) and SNP+276 (rs1501299) would be associated with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Furthermore, the association between circulating adiponectin levels, fetuin-A, and tumoral necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in patients with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease was investigated. Method. Several blood parameters (such as adiponectin, fetuin-A, and TNF-α) were measured in 346 patients, 226 with atherosclerotic peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and 120 without symptomatic PAD (non-PAD). Two common SNPs of the ADIPOQ gene represented by +45T/G 2 and +276G/T were also investigated. Results. Adiponectin concentrations showed lower circulating levels in the PAD patients compared to non-PAD patients (P < 0.001). Decreasing adiponectin concentration was associated with increasing serum levels of fetuin-A in the PAD patients. None of the investigated adiponectin SNPs proved to be associated with the subjects' susceptibility to PAD (P > 0.05). Conclusion. The results of our study demonstrated that neither adiponectin SNP+45 nor SNP+276 is associated with the risk of PAD.
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Choe EY, Wang HJ, Kwon O, Kim KJ, Kim BS, Lee BW, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Lee HC, Kang ES, Mantzoros CS. Variants of the adiponectin gene and diabetic microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes. Metabolism 2013; 62:677-85. [PMID: 23260797 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2012.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/16/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the association between common polymorphisms of the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) and microvascular complications in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Rs2241766 and rs1501299 of ADIPOQ were genotyped in 708 patients with T2DM. Fundus photography, nerve conducting velocity, and urine analysis were performed to check for the presence of microvascular complications including diabetic nephropathy, retinopathy and neuropathy. RESULTS The prevalence of diabetic nephropathy tended to be different according to rs2241766 genotype (p=0.057) and the GG genotype of rs2241766 was associated with diabetic nephropathy [urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR) greater than 30 mg/g] after adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, duration of diabetes, HDL-cholesterol, smoking status, and blood pressure (odds ratio=1.96; 95% confidence interval=1.01-3.82, p=0.049). Also, the G allele of rs2241766 demonstrated a trend to be associated with an increase in UACR (p=0.087). Rs2241766 genotype was not associated with diabetic retinopathy (p=0.955) and neuropathy (p=0.104) or any diabetic microvascular complications (p=0.104). There was no significant association between the rs1501299 genotype of ADIPOQ and the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy and neuropathy or any diabetic microvascular complications even after adjustment. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the GG genotype at rs2241766 is implicated in the pathogenesis of risk for diabetic nephropathy defined as UACR greater than 30 mg/day in patients with T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eun Yeong Choe
- Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 120-752, Korea
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Dastani Z, Johnson T, Kronenberg F, Nelson CP, Assimes TL, März W, Richards JB. The shared allelic architecture of adiponectin levels and coronary artery disease. Atherosclerosis 2013; 229:145-8. [PMID: 23664276 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2013.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2012] [Revised: 03/18/2013] [Accepted: 03/29/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE A large body of epidemiologic data strongly suggests an association between excess adiposity and coronary artery disease (CAD). Low adiponectin levels, a hormone secreted only from adipocytes, have been associated with an increased risk of CAD in observational studies. However, these associations cannot clarify whether this relationship is causal or due to a shared set of causal factors or even confounding. Genome-wide association studies have identified common variants that influence adiponectin levels, providing valuable tools to examine the genetic relationship between adiponectin and CAD. METHODS Using 145 genome wide significant SNPs for adiponectin from the ADIPOGen consortium (n = 49,891), we tested whether adiponectin-decreasing alleles influenced risk of CAD in the CARDIoGRAM consortium (n = 85,274). RESULTS In single-SNP analysis, 5 variants among 145 SNPs were associated with increased risk of CAD after correcting for multiple testing (P < 4.4 × 10(-4)). Using a multi-SNP genotypic risk score to test whether adiponectin levels and CAD have a shared genetic etiology, we found that adiponectin-decreasing alleles increased risk of CAD (P = 5.4 × 10(-7)). CONCLUSION These findings demonstrate that adiponectin levels and CAD have a shared allelic architecture and provide rationale to undertake a Mendelian randomization studies to understand if this relationship is causal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zari Dastani
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, Jewish General Hospital, Lady Davis Institute, McGill University Montreal, Quebec H3T 1E2, Canada
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Tong G, Wang N, Leng J, Tong X, Shen Y, Yang J, Ye X, Zhou L, Zhou Y. Common variants in adiponectin gene are associated with coronary artery disease and angiographical severity of coronary atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:67. [PMID: 23590551 PMCID: PMC3648457 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-67] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adiponectin, an adipokine facilitating insulin action, has antiatherogenic effects. This study investigated whether common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the adiponectin gene influenced plasma adiponectin level and whether they were associated with the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) and its angiographical severity in type 2 diabetes in Chinese population. METHODS 11 tagging SNPs were genotyped in 1110 subjects with or without CAD in type 2 diabetes. Variants of adiponectin gene were determined by Taqman polymerase chain reaction method. The plasma adiponectin concentrations were measured by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The severity and extent of coronary atherosclerosis were assessed using the angiographic Gensini score and Sullivan Extent score. RESULTS Among the 11 SNPs, the minor G allele of SNP rs266729 was significantly associated with higher odds of CAD (odds ratio (95% CI) = 1.49 (1.10 - 2.16), P = 0.022) after adjusting for covariates. In stepwise multivariate logistic regression, SNP rs266729 was a significant independent factor of CAD. Multivariate linear regression analysis revealed that rs266729 (β = -0.101, P < 0.0001), rs182052 (β = -0.044, P = 0.0035), and rs1501299 (β = 0.073, P < 0.0001) were significantly associated with adiponectin level, and also indicated that the minor G allele of SNP rs266729 had higher Gensini score (β = 0.139, P < 0.001) and Sullivan Extent score (β = 0.107, P < 0.001). Haplotypes analysis revealed different haplotype distributions in case and control subjects (P = 0.0003), with two common haplotypes GGG and GAG of the rs266729, rs182052, and rs1501299 being associated in heterozygotes with a greater than threefold increase in cardiovascular risk (odds ratio (95% CI)=3.39 (1.83 - 6.30), P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS In our population, genetic variants in the adiponectin gene influence plasma adiponectin levels, and one of them is a strong determinant of CAD susceptibility and its angiographical severity in type 2 diabetes. This study has provided further evidence for a role of adiponectin in the development of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoxin Tong
- Department of Cardiology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Pérusse L, Rankinen T, Zuberi A, Chagnon YC, Weisnagel SJ, Argyropoulos G, Walts B, Snyder EE, Bouchard C. The Human Obesity Gene Map: The 2004 Update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012; 13:381-490. [PMID: 15833932 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2005.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 212] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This paper presents the eleventh update of the human obesity gene map, which incorporates published results up to the end of October 2004. Evidence from single-gene mutation obesity cases, Mendelian disorders exhibiting obesity as a clinical feature, transgenic and knockout murine models relevant to obesity, quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from animal cross-breeding experiments, association studies with candidate genes, and linkages from genome scans is reviewed. As of October 2004, 173 human obesity cases due to single-gene mutations in 10 different genes have been reported, and 49 loci related to Mendelian syndromes relevant to human obesity have been mapped to a genomic region, and causal genes or strong candidates have been identified for most of these syndromes. There are 166 genes which, when mutated or expressed as transgenes in the mouse, result in phenotypes that affect body weight and adiposity. The number of QTLs reported from animal models currently reaches 221. The number of human obesity QTLs derived from genome scans continues to grow, and we have now 204 QTLs for obesity-related phenotypes from 50 genome-wide scans. A total of 38 genomic regions harbor QTLs replicated among two to four studies. The number of studies reporting associations between DNA sequence variation in specific genes and obesity phenotypes has also increased considerably with 358 findings of positive associations with 113 candidate genes. Among them, 18 genes are supported by at least five positive studies. The obesity gene map shows putative loci on all chromosomes except Y. Overall, >600 genes, markers, and chromosomal regions have been associated or linked with human obesity phenotypes. The electronic version of the map with links to useful publications and genomic and other relevant sites can be found at http://obesitygene.pbrc.edu.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Pérusse
- Division of Kinesiology, Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada
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Rizk NM, El-Menyar A, Marei I, Sameer M, Musad T, Younis D, Farag F, Basem N, Al-Ali K, Al Suwaidi J. Association of adiponectin gene polymorphism (+T45G) with acute coronary syndrome and circulating adiponectin levels. Angiology 2012; 64:257-65. [PMID: 22887729 DOI: 10.1177/0003319712455497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms (+T45G and +G276T) and adiponectin levels with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) among Arabs in Qatar. A case-control study was performed in 142 Arab patients with ACS and 122 controls. Genotypes were determined using TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. The TT, TG, and GG genotype frequencies of the T45G variant were significantly different among cases and controls (P = .023) but not significant for G276T genotypic frequencies. It was found that only the +45G allele was significantly associated with 3-fold increased risk of ACS (odds ratio = 2.77; 1.03-6.96; P = .043) among patients, using the genetic recessive model. Carriers of GG alleles had significantly lower adiponectin levels compared to TT/TG carriers of T45G in patients with ACS. The present study suggests that only T45G single-nucleotide polymorphism in the adiponectin gene is associated with higher odds for ACS events and has an effect on serum adiponectin levels among Arab populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser M Rizk
- Health Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
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Zhang H, Mo X, Hao Y, Gu D. Association between polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene and cardiovascular disease: a meta-analysis. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2012; 13:40. [PMID: 22639977 PMCID: PMC3413575 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2350-13-40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2012] [Accepted: 05/28/2012] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Background Previous studies have examined the associations between polymorphisms of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), but those studies have been inconclusive. The aim of this study was to access the relationship between three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), +45 T > G (rs2241766), +276 G > T (rs1501299) and -11377 C > G (rs266729) in ADIPOQ and CVD. Methods A comprehensive search was conducted to identify all studies on the association of ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms with CVD risk. The fixed and random effect pooled measures (i.e. odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI)) were calculated in the meta-analysis. Heterogeneity among studies was evaluated using Q test and the I2. Publication bias was estimated using modified Egger’s linear regression test. Results Thirty-seven studies concerning the associations between the three polymorphisms of ADIPOQ gene and CVD risk were enrolled in this meta-analysis, including 6,398 cases and 10,829 controls for rs2241766, 8,392 cases and 18,730 controls for rs1501299 and 7,835 cases and 14,023 controls for rs266729. The three SNPs were significantly associated with CVD, yielding pooled ORs of 1.22 (95%CI: 1.07, 1.39; P = 0.004), 0.90 (95%CI: 0.83, 0.97; P = 0.007) and 1.09(95%CI: 1.01, 1.17; P = 0.032) for rs2241766, rs1501299 and rs266729, respectively. Rs2241766 and rs1501299 were significantly associated with coronary heart disease (CHD), yielding pooled ORs of 1.29 (95%CI: 1.09, 1.52; P = 0.004) and 0.89 (95%CI: 0.81, 0.99; P = 0.025), respectively. The pooled OR for rs266729 and CHD was 1.09 (95%CI: 0.99, 1.19; P = 0.090). Significant between-study heterogeneity was found in our meta-analysis. Evidence of publication bias was observed in the meta-analysis. Conclusions The present meta-analysis showed that the associations between rs2241766, rs1501299 and rs266729 in the ADIPOQ and CVD were significant but weak. High quality studies are still needed to confirm the associations, especially for rs2241766.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Evidence Based Medicine and Division of Population Genetics, Fuwai Hospital, National Center of Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
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Murea M, Ma L, Freedman BI. Genetic and environmental factors associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic vascular complications. Rev Diabet Stud 2012; 9:6-22. [PMID: 22972441 DOI: 10.1900/rds.2012.9.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 200] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Faced with a global epidemic of type 2 diabetes (T2D), it is critical that researchers improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of T2D and related vascular complications. These findings may ultimately lead to novel treatment options for disease prevention or delaying progression. Two major paradigms jointly underlie the development of T2D and related coronary artery disease, diabetic nephropathy, and diabetic retinopathy. These paradigms include the genetic risk variants and behavioral/environmental factors. This article systematically reviews the literature supporting genetic determinants in the pathogenesis of T2D and diabetic vasculopathy, and the functional implications of these gene variants on the regulation of beta-cell function and glucose homeostasis. We update the discovery of diabetes and diabetic vasculopathy risk variants, and describe the genetic technologies that have uncovered them. Also, genomic linkage between obesity and T2D is discussed. There is a complementary role for behavioral and environmental factors modulating the genetic susceptibility and diabetes risk. Epidemiological and clinical data demonstrating the effects of behavioral and novel environmental exposures on disease expression are reviewed. Finally, a succinct overview of recent landmark clinical trials addressing glycemic control and its impact on rates of vascular complications is presented. It is expected that novel strategies to exploit the gene- and exposure-related underpinnings of T2D will soon result.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Murea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Section on Nephrology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.
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Saxena M, Srivastava N, Banerjee M. Genetic association of adiponectin gene polymorphisms (+45T/G and +10211T/G) with type 2 diabetes in North Indians. Diabetes Metab Syndr 2012; 6:65-69. [PMID: 23153972 DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2012.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin (ADIPOQ) is an abundant protein hormone which belongs to a family of so-called adipokines. It is expressed mostly by adipocytes and is an important regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism. It was shown that decreased serum adiponectin concentration indicated insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes (T2DM) with the risk of cardiovascular complications. The fact that adiponectin is an insulin-sensitizing hormone with anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic properties, we proposed to study the association of ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms in subjects with T2DM. DNA was isolated from venous blood samples, quantified and subjected to Polymerase Chain Reaction-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) using suitable primers and restriction endonucleases. Adiponectin levels were measured in serum using ELISA. The genotypic, allelic and carriage rate frequencies distribution in patients and controls were analyzed by PSAW software (ver. 17.0). Odd ratios (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were determined to describe the strength of association by logistic regression model. Out of the two polymorphisms studied, +10211T/G showed significant association (P=0.042), the 'G' allele association being highly significant (P=0.022). Further analysis showed that individuals with 'GG' haplotype were at increased risk of T2DM up to 15.5 times [P=0.015, OR (95% CI); 15.558 (1.690-143.174)]. The present study showed that the 'G' allele of ADIPOQ gene (+10211T/G) plays a prominent role with respect to T2DM susceptibility in North-Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhukar Saxena
- Molecular & Human Genetics Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India.
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Yang Y, Zhang F, Ding R, Wang Y, Lei H, Hu D. Association of ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease risk: a meta-analysis based on 12 465 subjects. Thromb Res 2012; 130:58-64. [PMID: 22386722 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2012.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2011] [Revised: 01/02/2012] [Accepted: 01/04/2012] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Coronary artery disease (CAD) is one of the most common cardiovascular diseases and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Various researchers have investigated the role of ADIPOQ gene in the risk of CAD, yet their results have been inconsistent. METHODS To evaluate the association between ADIPOQ genetic polymorphisms and CAD risk, relevant studies published before October 2011 were identified by searching PubMed and EMBASE. Studies were selected using previously defined criteria. The strength of the relationship between the four single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ADIPOQ gene and CAD risk was assessed using odds ratios (ORs). RESULTS A total of 12 465 subjects from 17 case-control studies were identified in the present study. Based on the relevant studies, it was determined that the risk of CAD was not associated with rs2241766 in any genetic model. Increased risk of CAD was associated with rs266729 in allele contrast (1.11, [1.03, 1.20]) and dominant genetic model (1.15, 95%CI: [1.05, 1.27]); increased risk of CAD was also associated with rs822395 in additive (1.63, 95%CI: [1.19, 2.22]) and recessive genetic model (1.71, 95%CI: [1.27, 2.30]). It was further determined that the rs1501299 polymorphism reduced the risk of CAD in the additive (0.80, 95%CI: [0.67, 0.94]) and recessive genetic model (0.81, 95%CI: [0.68, 0.95]). In the stratified analysis, significant associations were found in Asian subjects for rs266729 and in Caucasian subjects for rs1501299. CONCLUSION There is an association between ADIPOQ gene polymorphisms and CAD risk. Different SNPs of the ADIPOQ gene have different associations with CAD risk, and appear to increase risk in individuals of Asian ethnicity while decrease the CAD risk in Caucasians. However, the overall strength of association was mild to moderate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
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Oliveira CSV, Saddi-Rosa P, Crispim F, Canani LH, Gerchman F, Giuffrida FMA, Vieira JGH, Velho G, Reis AF. Association of ADIPOQ variants, total and high molecular weight adiponectin levels with coronary artery disease in diabetic and non-diabetic Brazilian subjects. J Diabetes Complications 2012; 26:94-8. [PMID: 22459242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2012.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2011] [Revised: 01/20/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the association of ADIPOQ variants, total and high molecular weight adiponectin (HMW) adiponectin levels with the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease (CAD) diagnosed by coronary angiography in Brazilian subjects with high cardiovascular risk. METHODS 603 subjects undergoing coronary angiography were studied in regard to their glycemic status and presence of CAD (lesions >0%). We evaluated baseline concentrations of total and HMW adiponectin and three ADIPOQ variants: -11391G>A (rs17300539), +45T>G (rs2241766) and+276G>T (rs1501299). RESULTS The G-allele of rs2241766 was associated with higher levels of total and HMW adiponectin, and the A-allele of rs17300539 was associated with higher levels of HMW adiponectin. Lower levels of total and HMW adiponectin were independently associated with CAD. The G-allele of rs2241766 (OR 2.45, 95% C.I. 1.05-6.04, p=0.04) and the G-allele of rs1501299 (OR 1.89, 95% C.I. 1.04-3.45, p=0.03) were associated with CAD, and these associations were independent of circulating levels of adiponectin. CONCLUSIONS In Brazilian subjects with high cardiovascular risk, CAD was associated with lower total and HMW adiponectin levels. The rs2241766 and rs1501299 polymorphisms were associated with CAD. The rs2241766 variant was associated with total and HMW adiponectin levels, while rs17300539 was associated with HMW adiponectin levels.
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Sun K, Li Y, Wei C, Tong Y, Zheng H, Guo Y. Recessive protective effect of ADIPOQ rs1501299 on cardiovascular diseases with type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2012; 349:162-9. [PMID: 22040602 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Revised: 09/06/2011] [Accepted: 10/04/2011] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The association between a common variant of the ADIPOQ gene rs1501299 (+276G>T) and cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) outcomes has been reported with many studies. However, the evidence is insufficient for strong conclusions regarding CVDs and ADIPOQ rs15011299 (+276G>T). We performed a meta-analysis about the association between ADIPOQ rs1501299 (+276G>T) and CVDs risk using a predefined protocol, including 15 published studies with 5868 cases and 10,744 controls. The pooled data suggested a recessive protective effect of ADIPOQ rs1501299 (+276G>T) on CVDs for type 2 diabetes (T2D) population: the TT homozygote individuals had a reduced risk of developing CVDs compared to the carriers of G allele (OR=0.74, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.58, 0.94; p=0.013). But there is still not enough evidence to indicate the association of the ADIPOQ rs1501299 (+276G>T) and the development of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) outcomes in general population. In conclusion, our meta-analysis suggested that the ADIPOQ rs1501299 (+276G>T) polymorphism is a low-risk factor for the development of CVDs with T2D, but the association of this polymorphism with the susceptibility to CVDs in other populations remains unknown. It could be presumed that the ADIPOQ rs1501299 (+276G>T) be a potential cause of susceptibility to CVDs in persons with T2D, and it gives a new opportunity to investigate the mechanisms of CVDs susceptibility in T2D patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaisheng Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, PR China
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Katakami N, Kaneto H, Matsuoka TA, Takahara M, Maeda N, Shimizu I, Ohno K, Osonoi T, Kawai K, Ishibashi F, Imamura K, Kashiwagi A, Kawamori R, Matsuhisa M, Funahashi T, Yamasaki Y, Shimomura I. Adiponectin G276T gene polymorphism is associated with cardiovascular disease in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Atherosclerosis 2012; 220:437-42. [DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.11.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2011] [Revised: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 11/09/2011] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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Zhou L, Xi B, Wei Y, Pan H, Yang W, Shen W, Li Y, Cai J, Tang H. Association between adiponectin gene polymorphisms and coronary artery disease across different populations. Thromb Res 2012; 130:52-7. [PMID: 22261475 DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2011.12.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2011] [Revised: 12/07/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Many studies have suggested that adiponectin gene might be involved in the development of coronary artery disease (CAD). However, the results have been inconsistent. In this study, the authors performed a meta-analysis to assess the associations of +45T/G, +276G/T and -11377C/G polymorphisms in adiponectin gene with CAD susceptibility. METHODS Published literature from PubMed and EMBASE databases were searched. Pooled odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using fixed- or random-effects model. RESULTS Sixteen studies (4394 cases / 8187 controls) for +45T/G polymorphism, fifteen studies (3569 cases / 7463 controls) for +276G/T polymorphism, and thirteen studies (3531 cases / 7072 controls) for -11377C/G polymorphism were included in the meta-analysis. The overall results showed that there was a statistically significant association between -11377C/G polymorphism and CAD (G vs. C: OR=1.15, 95%CI 1.07-1.24).Similar results were observed among European (G vs. C: OR=1.11, 95%CI 1.02-1.20) and East Asian populations (G vs. C: OR=1.27, 95%CI 1.11-1.45). However, no significant association was found for +45T/G or +276G/T polymorphism with CAD susceptibility. CONCLUSIONS The meta-analysis indicated the significant association of -11377C/G polymorphism, but not +45T/G or +276G/T polymorphism, with CAD susceptibility. However, large-scale studies with the consideration of gene-gene and gene-environment interactions should be conducted to investigate the associations in future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhou
- Department of Sports Physiology, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China.
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Boumaiza I, Omezzine A, Rejeb J, Rebhi L, Ben Rejeb N, Nabli N, Ben Abdelaziz A, Boughzala E, Bouslama A. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms at the adiponectin locus and risk of coronary artery disease in Tunisian coronaries. J Cardiovasc Med (Hagerstown) 2011; 12:619-24. [PMID: 21738048 DOI: 10.2459/jcm.0b013e328348f1f8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Adiponectin is an adipocyte-derived hormone and an essential modulator of insulin sensitivity. Several studies suggest an important role of adiponectin in the process leading to atherosclerosis, thus indicating the adiponectin gene as a potential candidate for coronary artery disease. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the adiponectin locus (+45T/G and +276G/T) have been associated with low circulating adiponectin levels, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes. The objective was to examine the association of two SNPs (45T/G and 276G/T) with coronary artery disease in a Tunisian population. METHODS We have recruited 316 Tunisian patients, documented by coronary angiography. Significant coronary stenosis (SCS) was defined as a luminal narrowing of at least 50% in at least one major coronary artery. Genotyping was performed by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism. Lipids and apolipoproteins were measured. RESULTS After adjustments for confounder parameters, odds ratio (OR) of SCS associated with 276G/T mutated genotypes was 0.472 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.195-0.842, P=0.046]. The mutated genotypes at the +45T/G polymorphism were significantly associated with increased SCS only in obese patients (OR 3.31, 95% CI 0.996-11.05, P=0.049 versus OR 1.71, 95% CI 0.467-6.269, P=0.418 in non-obese individuals). A potential protective effect was also observed for the haplogenotype TT/TT (OR 0.548, 0.306-0.982, P=0.043) in all the studied population. CONCLUSION Mutated genotypes at +45T/G (GG + TG) were associated with an increase in SCS only in the obese group. Mutated genotypes at +276G/T (TT + GT) seem to reduce the risk of SCS in the studied population. When the two SNPs were combined, the TT/TT haplogenotype (normal genotype at 45T/G and mutated genotype at 276G/T) was associated with a protective effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Imen Boumaiza
- Biochemistry Department, Sahloul University Hospital, Sousse, Tunisia
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Oliveira CSV, Giuffrida FMA, Crispim F, Saddi-Rosa P, Reis AF. ADIPOQ and adiponectin: the common ground of hyperglycemia and coronary artery disease? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 55:446-54. [DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302011000700003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/30/2011] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Plasma adiponectin and the coding gene for adiponectin, ADIPOQ, are thought to explain part of the interaction between obesity, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and coronary artery disease (CAD). Here, we illustrate the role that adiponectin and ADIPOQ variants might play in the modulation of CAD, especially in the occurrence of hyperglycemia. Recent evidence suggests that total and high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin levels are apparent markers of better cardiovascular prognosis in patients with low risk of CAD. However, in subjects with established or high risk of CAD, these levels are associated with poorer prognosis. We also provide recent evidences relating to the genetic control of total and HMW adiponectin levels, especially evidence regarding ADIPOQ. Accumulated data suggest that both adiponectin levels and polymorphisms in the ADIPOQ gene are linked to the risk of CAD in patients with hyperglycemia, and that these associations seem to be independent from each other, even if adiponectin levels are partly dependent on ADIPOQ.
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Esteghamati A, Mansournia N, Nakhjavani M, Mansournia MA, Nikzamir A, Abbasi M. Association of +45(T/G) and +276(G/T) polymorphisms in the adiponectin gene with coronary artery disease in a population of Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 39:3791-7. [PMID: 21744264 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-011-1156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The relation of Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the adiponectin locus (+45T/G and +276G/T) with coronary artery disease (CAD) is controversial. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the genetic influence of the adiponectin gene polymorphisms in the development of CAD among patients with Type 2 diabetes (T2D). The adiponectin genotypes were detected by polymerase chain reaction and restriction analysis (PCR-RFLP) in our patients. Two adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) SNPs (i.e. SNPs +45T>G and +276G>T) were genotyped in 114 Type 2 diabetic subjects with CAD, and 127 Type 2 diabetic patients without CAD. Demographic and anthropometric data along with plasma biochemistry including lipids, glycemic indices, and adiponectin were collected. There was a significant difference in the distribution of genotypes of +45T/G and +276G/T between CAD and non-CAD individuals (P < 0.05). Based on our results SNP+276G>T is associated with decreased risk of CAD after adjustment for potential confounding factors [adjusted OR = 0.39 (95%CI: 0.22-0.68); P = 0.001]. Similar findings were not observed for the +45T>G SNP. Two haplotypes 45T-276T and 45G-276T were associated with a decreased risk of CAD [adjusted OR = 0.47 (95% CI: 0.32-0.94); P = 0.03 and adjusted OR = 0.33 (95% CI: 0.13-0.83); P = 0.02 respectively]. No significant difference was observed between HOMA-IR, BMI, waist circumference, history of hypertension, HbA1C, and lipid concentrations regarding the two SNPs. In conclusion, these findings suggest that T allele of +276G>T SNP is significantly associated with decreased risk of CAD in T2D Patients. Also Haplotype analysis showed that two haplotypes 45T-276T and 45G-276T were associated with a decreased risk of CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Esteghamati
- Endocrine Research Center, Vali-asr Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Al-Daghri NM, Al-Attas OS, Alokail MS, Alkharfy KM, Hussain T. Adiponectin gene variants and the risk of coronary artery disease in patients with type 2 diabetes. Mol Biol Rep 2011; 38:3703-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-0484-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Enns JE, Taylor CG, Zahradka P. Variations in Adipokine Genes AdipoQ, Lep, and LepR are Associated with Risk for Obesity-Related Metabolic Disease: The Modulatory Role of Gene-Nutrient Interactions. J Obes 2011; 2011:168659. [PMID: 21773001 PMCID: PMC3136149 DOI: 10.1155/2011/168659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2011] [Accepted: 03/10/2011] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity rates are rapidly increasing worldwide and facilitate the development of many related disease states, such as cardiovascular disease, the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and various types of cancer. Variation in metabolically important genes can have a great impact on a population's susceptibility to becoming obese and/or developing related complications. The adipokines adiponectin and leptin, as well as the leptin receptor, are major players in the regulation of body energy homeostasis and fat storage. This paper summarizes the findings of single nucleotide polymorphisms in these three genes and their effect on obesity and metabolic disease risk. Additionally, studies of gene-nutrient interactions involving adiponectin, leptin, and the leptin receptor are highlighted to emphasize the critical role of diet in susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Emily Enns
- Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba and Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Tache Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6
| | - Carla G. Taylor
- Departments of Human Nutritional Sciences and Physiology, University of Manitoba, 351 Tache Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6
| | - Peter Zahradka
- Departments of Physiology and Human Nutritional Sciences, University of Manitoba and Canadian Centre for Agri-Food Research in Health and Medicine, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, 351 Tache Ave, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R2H 2A6
- *Peter Zahradka:
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Abstract
Prospective identification of which individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at greatest risk for developing cardiovascular disease (CVD) complications would have considerable public health importance by allowing the allocation of limited resources to be focused on those individuals who would most benefit from aggressive intervention. Over the past 20 years genetic disease association studies have demonstrated that polymorphisms at specific genetic loci may identify those individuals at greatest risk for developing CVD in the setting of DM. This article reviews the evidence accumulated to date on four polymorphic loci with the aim of explaining how these polymorphisms modify the risk for CVD in DM by modifying the functional activity of a specific gene. Use of the knowledge of these genetic differences among individuals in targeting drug therapy (pharmacogenomics) is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Farbstein
- Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel.
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Beckers S, Peeters AV, de Freitas F, Mertens IL, Verhulst SL, Haentjens D, Desager KN, Van Gaal LF, Van Hul W. Association Study and Mutation Analysis of Adiponectin Shows Association of Variants inAPM1with Complex Obesity in Women. Ann Hum Genet 2009; 73:492-501. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-1809.2009.00532.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Chang YC, Jiang JY, Jiang YD, Chiang FT, Hwang JJ, Lien WP, Chuang LM. Interaction of ADIPOQ genetic polymorphism with blood pressure and plasma cholesterol level on the risk of coronary artery disease. Circ J 2009; 73:1934-8. [PMID: 19661719 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-09-0228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protective effect of +45T >G polymorphism in the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) on coronary artery disease (CAD) has been demonstrated in European populations, so this study investigated the effect of +45T >G polymorphism on the risk of CAD and its interactions with other metabolic risk factors in a Chinese population. METHODS AND RESULTS The +45T >G polymorphism (rs2241766) of ADIPOQ was genotyped in 600 patients with angiographically diagnosed CAD and in 718 controls. The G allele at the +45T >G polymorphism was associated with a lower risk of CAD (odds ratio (OR), 0.76; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.64-0.89; P=0.001). The protective effect of the G allele at +45T >G polymorphism was magnified at blood pressure <140/90 mmHg (OR, 0.65; 95%CI, 0.51-0.82; P=0.0004), but disappeared at blood pressure >or=140/90 mmHg (OR, 0.98; 95%CI, 0.76-1.28; P=0.93), indicating an interaction between +45T >G polymorphism and blood pressure on CAD risk (P=0.02 for interaction). A similar interaction was also observed between plasma cholesterol level and the +45T >G polymorphism. CONCLUSIONS An association of ADIPOQ genetic polymorphism with CAD risk is modified by traditional risk factors, such as blood pressure and plasma cholesterol level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Cheng Chang
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch
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Doria A, Wojcik J, Xu R, Gervino EV, Hauser TH, Johnstone MT, Nolan D, Hu FB, Warram JH. Interaction between poor glycemic control and 9p21 locus on risk of coronary artery disease in type 2 diabetes. JAMA 2008; 300:2389-97. [PMID: 19033589 PMCID: PMC2762126 DOI: 10.1001/jama.2008.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT A common allele on chromosome 9p21 has been repeatedly associated with increased risk of coronary artery disease (CAD) in the general population. However, the magnitude of this effect in the population with diabetes has not been well characterized. OBJECTIVE To examine the association of the 9p21 variant with CAD in individuals with type 2 diabetes and evaluate its interaction with poor glycemic control. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS (1) Case-control study of 734 type 2 diabetes patients (322 with angiographically diagnosed CAD and 412 with no evidence of CAD) who were recruited between 2001 and 2006 at the Joslin Clinic, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; and (2) independent cohort study of 475 type 2 diabetes patients from the Joslin Clinic whose survival status was monitored from their recruitment between 1993 and 1996 until December 31, 2004. Participants for both studies were genotyped for a representative single-nucleotide polymorphism at 9p21 (rs2383206) and characterized for their long-term glycemic control by averaging multiple hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)) measurements taken in the years before study entry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES For the case-control study, association between single-nucleotide polymorphism rs2383206 and CAD defined as angiographically documented stenosis greater than 50% in a major coronary artery or a main branch thereof was assessed and for the cohort study, cumulative 10-year mortality was documented. RESULTS Individuals who were homozygous for the risk allele were significantly more frequent among case than control participants (42.3% vs 28.9P = .0002). This association was unaffected by adjustment for cardiovascular risk factors, but the effect of the risk genotype was significantly magnified (adjusted P for interaction = .048) in the presence of poor glycemic control (worst tertile of the distribution of HbA(1c) at examination). Relative to the CAD risk for patients with neither a 9p21 risk allele nor poor glycemic control, the CAD odds for participants having 2 risk alleles but not poor glycemic control were increased 2-fold (odds ratio [OR], 1.99; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.17-3.41), whereas the odds for study participants with the same genotype and with poor glycemic control were increased 4-fold (OR, 4.27; 95% CI, 2.26-8.01). The interaction was stronger (adjusted P = .005) when a measure of long-term glycemic control (7-year average rather than most recent HbA(1c)) was used with ORs of 7.83 (95% CI, 3.49-17.6) for participants having 2 risk alleles and a history of poor glycemia and 1.54 (95% CI, 0.72-3.30) for participants with the same genotype but without this exposure. A similar interaction between 9p21 variant and poor glycemic control was observed with respect to cumulative 10-year mortality in the cohort study (43.6% in patients with 2 risk alleles and poor glycemic control, 23.1% in individuals with only the 2 risk alleles, 30.0% in individuals with only poor glycemic control, and 31.6% in individuals with neither factor, P for interaction, = .036). CONCLUSION In this study population, the CAD risk associated with the 9p21 variant was increased in the presence of poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Doria
- Research Division, Joslin Diabetes Center, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
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Cao J, Inoue K, Li X, Drummond G, Abraham NG. Physiological significance of heme oxygenase in hypertension. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2008; 41:1025-33. [PMID: 19027871 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2008.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2008] [Revised: 10/21/2008] [Accepted: 10/27/2008] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The last decade has witnessed an explosion in the elucidation of the role that the heme oxygenase system plays in human physiology. This system encompasses not only the heme degradative pathway, including heme oxygenase and biliverdin reductase, but also the products of heme degradation, carbon monoxide, iron, and biliverdin/bilirubin. Their role in diabetes, inflammation, heart disease, hypertension, transplantation, and pulmonary disease are areas of burgeoning research. The research has focused not only on heme itself but also on its metabolic products as well as endogenous compounds involved in a vast number of genetic and metabolic processes that are affected when heme metabolism is perturbed. It should be noted, however, that although the use of carbon monoxide and biliverdin/bilirubin as therapeutic agents has been successful, these agents can be toxic at high levels in tissue, e.g., kernicterus. Care must be used to ensure that when these compounds are used as therapeutic agents their deleterious effects are minimized or avoided. On balance, however, the strategies to target heme oxygenase-1 as described in this review offer promising therapeutic approaches to clinicians for the effective management of hypertension and renal function. The approaches detailed may prove to be seminal in the development of a new therapeutic strategy to treat hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Cao
- New York Medical College, Department of Pharmacology, Valhalla, NY 10595, United States
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40
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Adiponectin and Cardiovascular Disease. Cardiovasc Endocrinol 2008. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-141-3_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Li Z, Peng X, Wu Y, Xia Y, Liu X, Zhang Q. The influence of adiponectin gene polymorphism on the pioglitazone response in the Chinese with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Obes Metab 2008; 10:794-802. [PMID: 18494805 DOI: 10.1111/j.1463-1326.2008.00905.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Ferrarezi DAF, Cheurfa N, Reis AF, Fumeron F, Velho G. Adiponectin gene and cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetic patients: a review of evidences. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 51:153-9. [PMID: 17505621 DOI: 10.1590/s0004-27302007000200003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2006] [Accepted: 01/04/2007] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Diabetic patients have a 3-fold higher risk of developing atherosclerosis and its clinical complications as compared to non-diabetic individuals. Part of the cardiovascular risk associated with diabetes is probably due to genetic determinants influencing both glucose homeostasis and the development of atherosclerosis. However, type 2 diabetes frequently coexists with other cardiovascular risk factors like arterial hypertension, central obesity and dyslipidemia. Genetic variability affecting many areas such as lipid and energy metabolisms, hypertension and haemodynamic mechanisms, blood clotting homeostasis, inflammation, and matrix turnover in the vascular wall will have an impact on the development of macrovascular complications in diabetic patients. Adiponectin is abundantly secreted by adipocytes. It plays important roles in lipid and glucose metabolisms and has direct anti-inflammatory and anti-atherogenic effects. In this review, we summarize recent data from the literature suggesting an implication of allelic variations of the adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) in the genetic determinants of cardiovascular disease in diabetic subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela A F Ferrarezi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Endocrinology, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
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Musso G, Gambino R, De Michieli F, Durazzo M, Pagano G, Cassader M. Adiponectin gene polymorphisms modulate acute adiponectin response to dietary fat: Possible pathogenetic role in NASH. Hepatology 2008; 47:1167-77. [PMID: 18311774 DOI: 10.1002/hep.22142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Factors underlying the independent association of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) with increased cardiovascular risk are unknown. Adiponectin polymorphisms predict cardiometabolic risk in the general population. This association is not always mediated by low fasting adiponectin levels, adipose tissue accumulation, or traditional risk factors. Adiponectin modulates lipid metabolism and liver injury in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) even in the absence of obesity, dyslipidemia, and diabetes. We hypothesized adiponectin polymorphisms may predispose to NAFLD and may increase cardiovascular risk by modulating circulating lipoprotein and adiponectin response postprandially. The prevalence of adiponectin single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) 45GT and 276GT was assessed in 70 nonobese, nondiabetic, normolipidemic NAFLD patients and 70 healthy matched controls; the impact of the adiponectin SNPs was subsequently correlated to liver histology and postprandial adiponectin and lipoprotein responses to oral fat load in a subgroup of 30 biopsy-proven patients with NASH and 30 controls. The 45TT and 276GT/TT genotypes were more prevalent in NAFLD patients than in controls and independently predicted the severity of liver disease in NASH. In both patients and controls, these genotypes exhibited a blunted postprandial adiponectin response and higher postprandial triglycerides (Tg), free fatty acids (FFA), oxidized LDL (oxLDL), and VLDL levels than their counterparts, despite comparable fasting adipokines, lipids, dietary habits, adiposity, and insulin resistance. They were also independently associated, together with dietary polyunsaturated fatty acid intake, with postprandial adiponectin response. IAUC adiponectin independently predicted postprandial Tg, FFA, oxLDL, and intestinal and hepatic VLDL subfraction responses in NASH. CONCLUSION The at-risk adiponectin SNPs 45TT and 276GT are significantly more prevalent in NAFLD than in the general population; they are associated with severity of liver disease, with blunted postprandial adiponectin response, and with an atherogenic postprandial lipoprotein profile in NASH independently of fasting adipokine and lipid levels.
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Kim SH, Kang ES, Hur KY, Lee HJ, Han SJ, Kwak JY, Nam CM, Ahn CW, Cha BS, Lee HC. Adiponectin gene polymorphism 45T>G is associated with carotid artery plaques in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Metabolism 2008; 57:274-9. [PMID: 18191060 DOI: 10.1016/j.metabol.2007.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2007] [Accepted: 09/04/2007] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Adiponectin has been reported to have a wide range of antiatherogenic actions. Two common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the adiponectin locus (45T>G and 276G>T) have been reported to be associated with diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to examine the association between common polymorphisms of the adiponectin gene (ACDC) and carotid atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A total of 708 unrelated patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited. SNP45 and SNP276 ACDC were genotyped, and B-mode ultrasonography of the carotid arteries was performed to measure carotid intima-media thickness and assess the presence of carotid artery plaques (CAP). Although there was no significant difference in carotid intima-media thickness according to ACDC genotype, subjects carrying the SNP45 GG genotype had a significantly higher risk of having CAP (odds ratio, 2.468; P = .045) compared with carriers of the T allele after adjustment for possible confounding factors. This study suggests that the GG genotype at ACDC SNP45 is associated with the presence of CAP and may contribute to atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon 400-712, Korea
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45
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Gonon AT, Widegren U, Bulhak A, Salehzadeh F, Persson J, Sjoquist PO, Pernow J. Adiponectin protects against myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion injury via AMP-activated protein kinase, Akt, and nitric oxide. Cardiovasc Res 2008; 78:116-22. [DOI: 10.1093/cvr/cvn017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Yu SY, Ryu HK, Park HJ, Choi YJ, Huh KB, Kim WY. Adiponectin gene SNP 276G --> T, nutrient intakes, and cardiovascular disease risk in Korean type 2 DM patients. Nutr Res Pract 2007; 1:363-70. [PMID: 20368963 PMCID: PMC2849047 DOI: 10.4162/nrp.2007.1.4.363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2007] [Revised: 12/06/2007] [Accepted: 12/12/2007] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in adiponectin gene has been associated with insulin resistance, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study was performed to investigate the association of SNP 276G-->T at adiponectin gene with CVD risk factors in Korean type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. The subjects were 351 type 2 DM patients visited a DM clinic in Seoul, and the patients with known CVD were excluded. The adiponectin SNP 276G-->T was analyzed and dietary intakes were assessed by a Food Frequency Questionnaire. The prevalence of G/G, G/T, and T/T genotype was 47.6%, 43.3%, and 9.1%, respectively. Male subjects with T/T genotype showed significantly lower level of adiponectin and HDL-cholesterol and significantly higher C-reactive protein (CRP) level compared to G/G and G/T genotypes. In G/G genotype, protein intake was negatively correlated to body weight, BMI, and waist circumference, and there were positive correlation between carbohydrate intake and BMI, waist-hip ratio, and ApoB/apoA-1 ratio in G/T genotype. However, in T/T genotype, there was no significant association between macronutrient intakes and anthropometric and hematological values. In conclusion, CVD risk would be high in type 2 DM patients with T/T genotype, and the association of macronutrient intakes with anthropometric and hematologic factors was different among the three adiponectin genotypes. These results may imply the need for different dietary management regime according to adiponectin genotype to lower CVD complications in Korean type 2 DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Young Yu
- Department of Nutritional Science and Food Management, Ewha Womans University, Korea
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47
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Behre CJ. Adiponectin, obesity and atherosclerosis. Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation 2007; 67:449-58. [PMID: 17763181 DOI: 10.1080/00365510601158717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The circulating protein adiponectin has been the subject of immense interest ever since it was first discovered in the mid-1990s. The protein is uniquely produced and secreted by mature adipocytes and is believed to have important anti-inflammatory and anti-diabetic effects; low levels have been shown to be predictive of future type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. This review discusses adiponectin in relation to obesity, inflammation, insulin resistance and atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C J Behre
- Wallenberg Laboratory for Cardiovascular Research, Institute of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
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Liu H, Chen S, Zhang S, Xiao C, Ren Y, Tian H, Li X. Adiponectin Gene Variation −4522C/T Is Associated with Type 2 Diabetic Obesity and Insulin Resistance in Chinese. J Genet Genomics 2007; 34:877-84. [DOI: 10.1016/s1673-8527(07)60099-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2007] [Accepted: 03/30/2007] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Pischon T, Pai JK, Manson JE, Hu FB, Rexrode KM, Hunter D, Rimm EB. Single nucleotide polymorphisms at the adiponectin locus and risk of coronary heart disease in men and women. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2007; 15:2051-60. [PMID: 17712123 DOI: 10.1038/oby.2007.244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective was to examine the association of 5 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the adiponectin locus with risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) in men and women. METHODS AND PROCEDURES We genotyped five common SNPs in the adiponectin gene (rs266729, -11365C>G; rs822395, -4034A>C; rs822396, -3964A>G; rs2241766, +45T>G; and rs1501299, +276G>T) in men (Health Professionals Follow-up Study) and women (Nurses' Health Study) in a nested case control setting. Among participants free of cardiovascular disease at baseline, 266 men and 249 women developed non-fatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD during 6 and 8 years of follow-up, respectively. In addition, 564 men had coronary artery bypass graft surgery or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty. Using risk set sampling, controls were selected 2:1 matched on age, smoking, and date of blood draw. RESULTS The -4034CC genotype was related to an increased risk of non-fatal myocardial infarction or fatal CHD compared with the AA genotype [relative risk (RR), men, 1.69; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.99 to 2.89; women, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.20 to 3.49); however, this genotype was not related to risk of coronary artery bypass graft surgery or percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty or to plasma adiponectin levels. Other SNPs or haplotypes defined by the 5 SNPs were not consistently related to risk of CHD in men and women or to plasma adiponectin levels. DISCUSSION Our study does not support the hypothesis that these 5 common SNPs in the adiponectin gene play an important role in the development of CHD among men and women, although we cannot exclude an association between the -4034CC genotype and risk of CHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pischon
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
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Katsuda Y, Asano A, Murase Y, Chujo D, Yagi K, Kobayashi J, Mabuchi H, Yamagishi M. Association of genetic variation of the adiponectin gene with body fat distribution and carotid atherosclerosis in Japanese obese subjects. J Atheroscler Thromb 2007; 14:19-26. [PMID: 17332688 DOI: 10.5551/jat.14.19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of SNP45 of the adiponectin gene on body fat distribution and carotid atherosclerosis in Japanese obese subjects. METHODS A total of 64 obese subjects were investigated. Genotypes of SNP45 were assayed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Visceral fat area (VFA) and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) were measured using computed tomography. The progression of atherosclerosis was evaluated by plaque score (PS) of carotid artery using B-mode ultrasonography. RESULTS Men carrying the G allele of SNP45 showed higher VFA (172.8+/-50.8 vs. 147.1+/-58.7, p=0.005), lower SFA (209.9+/-101.8 vs. 273.4+/-142.2, p=0.007), higher VFA/SFA (V/S) ratio (1.00+/-0.46 vs. 0.60+/-0.26, p <0.001) and higher PS (9.5+/-3.7 vs. 6.8+/-4.2, p=0.012) than those with TT genotype. Multivariate analysis showed that SNP45 was an independent determinant of V/S ratio and PS in men. In subgroup analysis, PS tended to be associated with V/S ratio only in the carrier of 45G allele. CONCLUSION These results suggest that the G allele could be a risk factor of metabolic syndrome and the development of atherosclerosis in Japanese obese subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuko Katsuda
- Molecular Genetics of Cardiovascular Disorders, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Japan.
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