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Dirajlal-Fargo S, Yu W, Jacobson DL, Mirza A, Geffner ME, Jao J, McComsey GA. Gut permeability is associated with lower insulin sensitivity in youth with perinatally acquired HIV. AIDS 2024; 38:1163-1171. [PMID: 38564437 PMCID: PMC11141233 DOI: 10.1097/qad.0000000000003896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The relationships between alterations in the intestinal barrier, and bacterial translocation with the development of metabolic complications in youth with perinatally acquired HIV (YPHIV) have not been investigated. The PHACS Adolescent Master Protocol enrolled YPHIV across 15 U.S. sites, including Puerto Rico, from 2007 to 2009. For this analysis, we included YPHIV with HIV viral load 1000 c/ml or less, with at least one measurement of homeostatic assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) or nonhigh density lipoprotein (non-HDLc) between baseline and year 3 and plasma levels of intestinal fatty-acid binding protein (I-FABP), lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), and zonulin levels at baseline. We fit linear regression models using generalized estimating equations to assess the association of baseline log 10 gut markers with log 10 HOMA-IR and non-HDLc at all timepoints. HOMA-IR or non-HDLc was measured in 237, 189, and 170 PHIV at baseline, Yr2, and Yr3, respectively. At baseline, median age (Q1, Q3) was 12 years (10, 14), CD4 + cell count was 762 cells/μl (574, 984); 90% had HIV RNA less than 400 c/ml. For every 10-fold higher baseline I-FABP, HOMA-IR dropped 0.85-fold at baseline and Yr2. For a 10-fold higher baseline zonulin, there was a 1.35-fold increase in HOMA-IR at baseline, 1.23-fold increase in HOMA-IR at Yr2, and 1.20-fold increase in HOMA-IR at Yr3 in adjusted models. For a 10-fold higher baseline LBP, there was a 1.23-fold increase in HOMA-IR at baseline in the unadjusted model, but this was slightly attenuated in the adjusted model. Zonulin was associated with non-HDLc at baseline, but not for the other time points. Despite viral suppression, intestinal damage may influence downstream insulin sensitivity in YPHIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahera Dirajlal-Fargo
- Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Wendy Yu
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Denise L Jacobson
- Center for Biostatistics in AIDS Research, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ayesha Mirza
- University of Florida Health, Jacksonville, Florida
| | - Mitchell E Geffner
- The Saban Research Institute of Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Jennifer Jao
- Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Grace A McComsey
- Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio
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Shin Y, Kim J, Song Y, Kim S, Kong H. Efficacy of Laurus nobilis L. for Tight Junction Protein Imbalance in Leaky Gut Syndrome. Nutrients 2024; 16:1250. [PMID: 38732497 PMCID: PMC11085348 DOI: 10.3390/nu16091250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 04/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Laurus nobilis L. (LNL) belongs to the evergreen Lauraceae family. It is native to the Mediterranean and widely distributed in the southern United States, Europe, and the Middle East. LNL is rich in active ingredients of the sesquiterpene lactone series and has been reported to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer effects. And parthenolide, known as a sesquiterpene lactone-based compound, inhibits the activation of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP), which is a major trigger for leaky gut syndrome. However, the effectiveness of LNL in improving the state of increased intestinal permeability has not yet been reported. Therefore, we demonstrated the efficacy of LNL, which is known to be rich in parthenolide, in improving intestinal permeability induced by IL-13. We investigated the improvement in permeability and analyzed major tight junction proteins (TJs), permeability-related mechanisms, weight and disease activity indices, and corresponding cytokine mechanisms. LNL maintained TJs homeostasis and clinical improvement by reducing increased claudin-2 through the inhibition of IL-13/STAT6 activation in TJ-damaged conditions. These results are expected to be effective in preventing leaky gut syndrome through the TJ balance and to further improve intestinal-related diseases, such as inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yelim Shin
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (Y.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (Y.S.); (S.K.)
- KOSA BIO Inc., 272, Namyangju-si 12106, Republic of Korea
| | - Youngcheon Song
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (Y.S.); (S.K.)
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangbum Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea; (Y.S.); (J.K.); (Y.S.); (S.K.)
| | - Hyunseok Kong
- PADAM Natural Material Research Institute, Sahmyook University, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
- College of Animal Resources Science, Seoul 01795, Republic of Korea
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Lokesh MN, Kumar R, Jacob N, Sachdeva N, Rawat A, Yadav J, Dayal D. Supplementation of High-Strength Oral Probiotics Improves Immune Regulation and Preserves Beta Cells among Children with New-Onset Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: A Randomised, Double-Blind Placebo Control Trial. Indian J Pediatr 2024:10.1007/s12098-024-05074-5. [PMID: 38557820 DOI: 10.1007/s12098-024-05074-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the mechanism of glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) following high-strength probiotics supplementation by assessing immune-regulatory markers. METHODS In this single-centre randomised double-blinded placebo-controlled study, children with new-onset T1D on regular insulin therapy were randomised into probiotic or placebo groups with 30 children each. The probiotics group received oral powder of Vivomixx®, and the placebo group received corn starch for six months. The primary outcome parameters included induced T regulatory cells (i-Tregs) percentage, insulin autoantibodies (IAA), insulinoma associated 2 autoantibodies (IA2), glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GAD 65) and plasma interleukin-10 (IL-10) levels. The secondary outcome variables were changes in plasma C-peptide levels and glycemic control parameters. RESULTS Twenty-three children in the placebo group and 27 in the probiotic group completed the study. There was a significant increase in the percentage of iTregs (3.40 in the probiotic vs. 2.46 in the placebo group; p = 0.034). Median glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels significantly decreased from 68 mmol/mol (8.35%) in the placebo group to 60 mmol/mol (7.55%) in the probiotic group (p = 0.017). Median C-peptide levels were significantly higher in probiotics (0.72 ng/ml) vs. placebo group (0.11 ng/ml) (p = 0.036). The plasma IL-10 levels significantly increased in the probiotic group after six months of treatment (p = 0.002). CONCLUSIONS The high-strength probiotics improved the immunoregulatory milieu, thereby preserving the beta-cell function and better glycemic control.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Lokesh
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Rakesh Kumar
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
| | - Neenu Jacob
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Naresh Sachdeva
- Department of Endocrinology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Jaivinder Yadav
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Devi Dayal
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatrics Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
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Jaff S, Gubari M, Shab-Bidar S, Djafarian K. Effect of probiotic supplementation on lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 in type 2 diabetic patients: a randomized double blind clinical controlled trial. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2024; 21:3. [PMID: 38167029 PMCID: PMC10763277 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-023-00778-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND It has been recently reported that lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) may predict the risk of cardiovascular disease. The effect of multi-strain probiotics on Lp-PLA2 in patients with type 2 diabetes is still not clear. AIMS This study aimed to determine the effect of multi-strain probiotic supplementation on lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, and glycemic status, lipid profile, and body composition in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS In this randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial, 68 participants with type 2 diabetes, in the age group of 50-65 years, were recruited and randomly allocated to take either probiotic (n = 34) or placebo (n = 34) for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, and secondary outcomes were glycemic parameters, lipid profile, anthropometric characters, and body composition (fat mass and fat-free mass). RESULTS There was a significant reduction in serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2, in the probiotic group, it dropped by 6.4 units at the end of the study (p < 0.001) compared to the placebo group. Probiotic supplementation also resulted in a significant improvement in the hemoglobin A1c and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol 1.5% (p < 0.001) and 6 mg/dl (p 0.005), respectively. There were no significant changes in other outcomes. CONCLUSION Probiotic supplementation was beneficial for reducing Lp-PLA2 and hemoglobin-A1c and improving high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, which may suggest an improvement in the prognosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salman Jaff
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Diabetes and Endocrine Center, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Mohammed Gubari
- Department of community and family Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Sulaimani, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq
| | - Sakineh Shab-Bidar
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Neuroscience Institute, Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kurosh Djafarian
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Neuroscience Institute, Sports Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Szymanska E, Bierla J, Dadalski M, Wierzbicka A, Konopka E, Cukrowska B, Kierkus J. New noninvasive biomarkers of intestinal inflammation and increased intestinal permeability in pediatric inflammatory bowel diseases and their correlation with fecal calprotectin: a pilot study. Minerva Gastroenterol (Torino) 2023; 69:504-510. [PMID: 35436840 DOI: 10.23736/s2724-5985.22.03156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased intestinal permeability is considered to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). Therefore, recently, the use of non-invasive biomarkers in both diagnosis and monitoring IBD is emphasized. The aim of this study was to investigate fecal and serum zonulin and serum I-FABP in pediatric IBD patients and their correlation with fecal calprotectin (FCP). METHODS Seventy-one individuals: 32 Crohn's disease (CD) patients, 33 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients and 6 controls were examined for fecal and serum zonulin and plasma I-FABP. Values were correlated to FCP and to each other for all children included in the study. A stool specimen and blood samples were collected during check-up visits at hospital. Then fecal and serum zonulin, I-FABP and FCP were tested by ELISA Test. Non-parametric statistical tests were used for data analysis. RESULTS The level of fecal zonulin and FCP were higher in IBD patients compared to control group (CG): median for CD - 46.0 (7.0-3854) ng/mL, 252.0 (77.0-1054.2) ug/g; UC - 115.3 (50.7-418.3) ng/mL, 40 (16.0-1883.0) ug/g; CG - 60.8 (31.8-123.0) ng/mL, 41.5 (31.0-323.0) ug/g, respectively, (P<0.05). No statistically significant difference in concentrations of serum zonulin and I-FABP was reported between patients and CG (P=0.55). The only correlation that has been reported was between fecal zonulin and FCP and the strongest one was in CD: CD-R =0.73, UC-R =0.67, All-R =0.67, CG-R =0.65. CONCLUSIONS According to our results it seems that only fecal zonulin may serve as another, next to FCP, biomarker of intestinal damage in IBD. However, both fecal and serum zonulin as well as I-FABP need further studies to assess their usefulness in diagnostics and monitoring in IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Szymanska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland -
| | - Joanna Bierla
- Department of Patomorphology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Maciej Dadalski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aldona Wierzbicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ewa Konopka
- Department of Patomorphology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bożena Cukrowska
- Department of Patomorphology, Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jaroslaw Kierkus
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children's Memorial Health Institute, Warsaw, Poland
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Rahman SO, Bariguian F, Mobasheri A. The Potential Role of Probiotics in the Management of Osteoarthritis Pain: Current Status and Future Prospects. Curr Rheumatol Rep 2023; 25:307-326. [PMID: 37656392 PMCID: PMC10754743 DOI: 10.1007/s11926-023-01108-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW This narrative review article comprehensively explains the pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) pain perception, how the gut microbiota is correlated with it, possible molecular pathways involved in probiotics-mediated OA pain reduction, limitations in the current research approaches, and future perspectives. RECENT FINDINGS The initiation and progression of OA, including the development of chronic pain, is intricately associated with activation of the innate immune system and subsequent inflammatory responses. Trauma, lifestyle (e.g., obesity and metabolic disease), and chronic antibiotic treatment can disrupt commensal homeostasis of the human microbiome, thereby affecting intestinal integrity and promoting leakage of bacterial endotoxins and metabolites such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into circulation. Increased level of LPS is associated with knee osteophyte severity and joint pain. Both preclinical and clinical studies strongly suggest that probiotics may benefit patients with OA pain through positive gut microbiota modulation and attenuating low-grade inflammation via multiple pathways. Patent data also suggests increased interest in the development of new innovations that involve probiotic use for reducing OA and joint pain. Recent data suggest that probiotics are attracting more and more attention for OA pain management. The advancement of knowledge in this area may pave the way for developing different probiotic strains that can be used to support joint health, improve treatment outcomes in OA, and reduce the huge impact of the disease on healthcare systems worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Frédérique Bariguian
- Haleon (Formerly GSK Consumer Healthcare), Route de L'Etraz 2, Case Postale 1279, 1260, Nyon 1, Switzerland.
| | - Ali Mobasheri
- Research Unit of Health Sciences and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, FI, Finland.
- Department of Regenerative Medicine, State Research Institute Centre for Innovative Medicine, Vilnius, Lithuania.
- Department of Joint Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China.
- World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Aging, Liege, Belgium.
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Ismail HM, Perera D, Mandal R, DiMeglio LA, Evans-Molina C, Hannon T, Petrosino J, Javornick CreGreen S, Schmidt NW. Gut microbial changes associated with obesity in youth with type 1 diabetes. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.12.01.23299251. [PMID: 38076970 PMCID: PMC10705628 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.01.23299251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Obesity is increasingly prevalent in type 1 diabetes (T1D) and is associated with management problems and higher risk for diabetes complications. Gut microbiome changes have been described separately in each of T1D and obesity, however, it is unknown to what extent gut microbiome changes are seen when obesity and T1D concomitantly occur. OBJECTIVE To describe the gut microbiome and microbial metabolite changes associated with obesity in T1D. We hypothesized significant gut microbial and metabolite differences between T1D youth who are lean (BMI: 5-<85%) vs. those with obesity (BMI: ≥95%). METHODS We analyzed stool samples for gut microbial (using metagenomic shotgun sequencing) and short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) metabolite differences in lean (n=27) and obese (n=21) T1D youth. The mean±SD age was 15.3±2.2yrs, A1c 7.8±1.3%, diabetes duration 5.1±4.4yrs, 42.0% females, and 94.0% were White. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSe) was used to identify taxa that best discriminated between the BMI groups. RESULTS Bacterial community composition showed differences in species type (β-diversity) by BMI group (p=0.013). At the genus level, there was a higher ratio of Prevotella to Bacteroides in the obese group (p=0.0058). LEfSe analysis showed a differential distribution of significantly abundant taxa in either the lean or obese groups, including increased relative abundance of Prevotella copri , among other taxa in the obese group. Functional profiling showed that pathways associated with decreased insulin sensitivity were upregulated in the obese group. Stool SCFAs (acetate, propionate and butyrate) were higher in the obese compared to the lean group (p<0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Our findings identify gut microbiome, microbial metabolite and functional pathways differences associated with obesity in T1D. These findings could be helpful in identifying gut microbiome targeted therapies to manage obesity in T1D.
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Chen S, Zhang Y. Mechanism and application of Lactobacillus in type 2 diabetes-associated periodontitis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1248518. [PMID: 38098816 PMCID: PMC10720667 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1248518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) accelerates the progression of periodontitis through diverse pathways. Abnormal immune responses, excessive activation of inflammation, increased levels of advanced glycation end products, and oxidative stress have defined roles in the pathophysiological process of T2DM-associated periodontitis. Furthermore, in the periodontium of diabetic individuals, there are high levels of advanced glycation end-products and glucose. Meanwhile, progress in microbiomics has revealed that dysbacteriosis caused by T2DM also contributes to the progression of periodontitis. Lactobacillus, owing to its fine-tuning function in the local microbiota, has sparked tremendous interest in this field. Accumulating research on Lactobacillus has detailed its beneficial role in both diabetes and oral diseases. In this study, we summarize the newly discovered mechanisms underlying Lactobacillus-mediated improvement of T2DM-associated periodontitis and propose the application of Lactobacillus in the clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisi Chen
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yuhan Zhang
- Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Dimba NR, Mzimela N, Mosili P, Ngubane PS, Khathi A. Investigating the Association Between Diet-Induced "Leaky Gut" and the Development of Prediabetes. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2023; 131:569-576. [PMID: 37751850 DOI: 10.1055/a-2181-6664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Chronic consumption of a high-calorie diet compromises the gut microbiota and the integrity of the intestinal wall, which causes translocation of bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS) into the blood. This elicits the secretion of pro-inflammatory cytokines, resulting in inflammation. However, how a high-fat high carbohydrate diet affects intestinal permeability and its possible role in the development of prediabetes have not been investigated. This study investigated the effects of HFHC diet-induced prediabetes on gut microbiota and intestinal permeability in male Sprague Dawley rats. METHODS The animals were randomly assigned into the non-prediabetic (NPD) and diet-induced prediabetic (PD) groups (n=6) for 20 weeks. Then, the fecal samples were analyzed to measure the gut microbiota level of Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Proteobacteria in both animal groups. Blood glucose, plasma insulin, serum zonulin, plasma LPS, soluble CD14, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-reactive protein (CRP), and intestinal fatty-acid binding protein (IFABP) concentrations were measured. RESULTS The PD group had a reduction in the Firmicutes and an increase in Bacteroidetes and Proteobacteria levels compared to those in the NPD group. Blood glucose, insulin concentration, serum zonulin, and plasma sCD14 concentrations in the PD group increased significantly, while plasma LPS concentrations were similar to the NPD group. Concentrations of plasma TNF-α, IL-6, CRP, and IFABP, an intracellular protein expressed in the intestine, increased in PD compared to the NPD group. CONCLUSIONS the study results cumulatively suggest that chronic consumption of the HFHC diet may be associated with the dysregulation of gut microbiota, leading to increased intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nosipho R Dimba
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa, 4000
| | - Nhlakanipho Mzimela
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa, 4000
| | - Palesa Mosili
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa, 4000
| | - Phikelelani S Ngubane
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa, 4000
| | - Andile Khathi
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, South Africa, 4000
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Yazici D, Cagan E, Tan G, Li M, Do E, Kucukkase OC, Simsek A, Kizmaz MA, Bozkurt T, Aydin T, Heider A, Rückert B, Brüggen MC, Dhir R, O'Mahony L, Akdis M, Nadeau KC, Budak F, Akdis CA, Ogulur I. Disrupted epithelial permeability as a predictor of severe COVID-19 development. Allergy 2023; 78:2644-2658. [PMID: 37422701 DOI: 10.1111/all.15800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An impaired epithelial barrier integrity in the gastrointestinal tract is important to the pathogenesis of many inflammatory diseases. Accordingly, we assessed the potential of biomarkers of epithelial barrier dysfunction as predictive of severe COVID-19. METHODS Levels of bacterial DNA and zonulin family peptides (ZFP) as markers of bacterial translocation and intestinal permeability and a total of 180 immune and inflammatory proteins were analyzed from the sera of 328 COVID-19 patients and 49 healthy controls. RESULTS Significantly high levels of circulating bacterial DNA were detected in severe COVID-19 cases. In mild COVID-19 cases, serum bacterial DNA levels were significantly lower than in healthy controls suggesting epithelial barrier tightness as a predictor of a mild disease course. COVID-19 patients were characterized by significantly elevated levels of circulating ZFP. We identified 36 proteins as potential early biomarkers of COVID-19, and six of them (AREG, AXIN1, CLEC4C, CXCL10, CXCL11, and TRANCE) correlated strongly with bacterial translocation and can be used to predict and discriminate severe cases from healthy controls and mild cases (area under the curve (AUC): 1 and 0.88, respectively). Proteomic analysis of the serum of 21 patients with moderate disease at admission which progressed to severe disease revealed 10 proteins associated with disease progression and mortality (AUC: 0.88), including CLEC7A, EIF4EBP1, TRANCE, CXCL10, HGF, KRT19, LAMP3, CKAP4, CXADR, and ITGB6. CONCLUSION Our results demonstrate that biomarkers of intact or defective epithelial barriers are associated with disease severity and can provide early information on the prediction at the time of hospital admission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Yazici
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Eren Cagan
- Department of Immunology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Bursa Yuksek Ihtisas Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Ge Tan
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Manru Li
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Evan Do
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Sean N. Parker Center for Allergy and Asthma Research, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California, USA
| | - Ozan C Kucukkase
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Abdurrahman Simsek
- Department of Immunology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Muhammed Ali Kizmaz
- Department of Immunology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Tugce Bozkurt
- Department of Immunology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Tamer Aydin
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Anja Heider
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Beate Rückert
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Charlotte Brüggen
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Raja Dhir
- SEED Inc. Co., Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Liam O'Mahony
- Department of Medicine and School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, Cork, Ireland
| | - Mubeccel Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Department of Environmental Health, T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ferah Budak
- Department of Immunology, Bursa Uludag University School of Medicine, Bursa, Turkey
| | - Cezmi A Akdis
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland
| | - Ismail Ogulur
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
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11
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Matheus VA, Oliveira RB, Maschio DA, Tada SFS, Soares GM, Mousovich-Neto F, Costa RG, Mori MA, Barbosa HCL, Collares-Buzato CB. Butyrate restores the fat/lean mass ratio balance and energy metabolism and reinforces the tight junction-mediated intestinal epithelial barrier in prediabetic mice independently of its anti-inflammatory and epigenetic actions. J Nutr Biochem 2023; 120:109409. [PMID: 37364792 DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2023.109409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Tissue/cellular actions of butyrate on energy metabolism and intestinal barrier in normal metabolic conditions or prediabetes are still unclear. In this work, we investigated the beneficial effect of dietary supplementation with sodium butyrate on energy metabolism, body mass composition, and intestinal epithelial barrier mediated by tight junction (TJ) in chow diet-fed normal and high-fat diet (HF)-fed prediabetic mice, considering the well-known butyrate action as an epigenetic and inflammatory regulator. Butyrate significantly reduced the fat/lean mass ratio, slightly ameliorated dyslipidemia, restored oral glucose tolerance, and increased basal energy expenditure in prediabetic HF-fed mice but had no effect on control animals. Such effects were observed in the absence of significant alterations in the hypothalamic expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic genes and motor activity. Also, butyrate suppressed the whitening effect of HF on brown adipose tissue but did not affect cell bioenergetics in immortalized UCP1-positive adipocytes in vitro. Butyrate reinforced the intestinal epithelial barrier in HF-fed mice and in Caco-2 monolayers, which involved higher trafficking of TJ proteins to the cell-cell contact region of the intestinal epithelia, without affecting TJ gene expression or the acetylation level of histones H3 and H4 in vivo. All metabolic and intestinal effects of butyrate in prediabetic mice occurred in the absence of detectable changes in systemic or local inflammation, or alterations in endotoxemia markers. Butyrate has no effect on chow diet-fed mice but, in the context of HF-induced prediabetes, it prevents metabolic and intestinal dysfunctions independently of its anti-inflammatory and epigenetic actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valquiria A Matheus
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo B Oliveira
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Daniela A Maschio
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Susely F S Tada
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Gabriela M Soares
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Felippe Mousovich-Neto
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raul G Costa
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Mori
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Helena C L Barbosa
- Obesity and Comorbidities Research Center, Institute of Biology, UNICAMP, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carla B Collares-Buzato
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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12
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Leyderman M, Wilmore JR, Shope T, Cooney RN, Urao N. Impact of intestinal microenvironments in obesity and bariatric surgery on shaping macrophages. IMMUNOMETABOLISM (COBHAM, SURREY) 2023; 5:e00033. [PMID: 38037591 PMCID: PMC10683977 DOI: 10.1097/in9.0000000000000033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with alterations in tissue composition, systemic cellular metabolism, and low-grade chronic inflammation. Macrophages are heterogenous innate immune cells ubiquitously localized throughout the body and are key components of tissue homeostasis, inflammation, wound healing, and various disease states. Macrophages are highly plastic and can switch their phenotypic polarization and change function in response to their local environments. Here, we discuss how obesity alters the intestinal microenvironment and potential key factors that can influence intestinal macrophages as well as macrophages in other organs, including adipose tissue and hematopoietic organs. As bariatric surgery can induce metabolic adaptation systemically, we discuss the potential mechanisms through which bariatric surgery reshapes macrophages in obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Leyderman
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Joel R. Wilmore
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Sepsis Interdisciplinary Research Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Timothy Shope
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Robert N. Cooney
- Sepsis Interdisciplinary Research Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Department of Surgery, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Norifumi Urao
- Department of Pharmacology, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
- Sepsis Interdisciplinary Research Center, State University of New York Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
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13
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Wei L, Ji L, Miao Y, Han X, Li Y, Wang Z, Fu J, Guo L, Su Y, Zhang Y. Constipation in DM are associated with both poor glycemic control and diabetic complications: Current status and future directions. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115202. [PMID: 37506579 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/15/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Constipation is a major complications of diabetes mellitus. With the accelerating prevalence of diabetes worldwide and an aging population, there is considerable research interest regarding the altered function and structure of the gastrointestinal tract in diabetic patients. Despite current advances in hyperglycemic treatment strategies, the specific pathogenesis of diabetic constipation remains unknown. Patients with constipation, may be reluctant to eat regularly, which may worsen glycemic control and thus worsen symptoms associated with underlying diabetic bowel disease. This paper presents a review of the complex relationship between diabetes and constipation, exploring the morphological alterations and biomechanical remodeling associated with intestinal motility dysfunction, as well as alterations in intestinal neurons, cellular signaling pathways, and oxidative stress. Further studies focusing on new targets that may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetic constipation may, provide new ideas for the development of novel therapies to treat or even prevent diabetic constipation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luge Wei
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China.
| | - Lanqi Ji
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yulu Miao
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Xu Han
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Ying Li
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Jiafeng Fu
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Liuli Guo
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yuanyuan Su
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
| | - Yanjun Zhang
- Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China; First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China
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14
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Ismail HM, Spall M, Evans-Molina C, DiMeglio LA. Evaluating the effect of prebiotics on the gut microbiome profile and β cell function in youth with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes: protocol of a pilot randomized controlled trial. Pilot Feasibility Stud 2023; 9:150. [PMID: 37626387 PMCID: PMC10463339 DOI: 10.1186/s40814-023-01373-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data show that disturbances in the gut microbiota play a role in glucose homeostasis, type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk and progression. The prebiotic high amylose maize starch (HAMS) alters the gut microbiome profile and metabolites favorably with an increase in bacteria producing short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) that have significant anti-inflammatory effects. HAMS also improves glycemia, insulin sensitivity, and secretion in healthy non-diabetic adults. Additionally, a recent study testing an acetylated and butyrylated form of HAMS (HAMS-AB) that further increases SCFA production prevented T1D in a rodent model without adverse safety effects. The overall objective of this human study will be to assess how daily HAMS-AB consumption impacts the gut microbiome profile, SCFA production, β cell heath, function, and glycemia as well as immune responses in newly diagnosed T1D youth. METHODS AND ANALYSIS We hypothesize that HAMS-AB intake will improve the gut microbiome profile, increase SCFA production, improve β cell health, function and glycemia as well as modulate the immune system. We describe here a pilot, randomized crossover trial of HAMS-AB in 12 newly diagnosed T1D youth, ages 11-17 years old, with residual β cell function. In Aim 1, we will determine the effect of HAMS-AB on the gut microbiome profile and SCFA production; in Aim 2, we will determine the effect of HAMS-AB on β cell health, function and glycemia; and in Aim 3, we will determine the peripheral blood effect of HAMS-AB on frequency, phenotype and function of specific T cell markers. Results will be used to determine the effect-size estimate of using HAMS-AB. We anticipate beneficial effects from a simple, inexpensive, and safe dietary approach. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Institutional Review Board at Indiana University approved the study protocol. The findings of this trial will be submitted to a peer-reviewed pediatric journal. Abstracts will be submitted to relevant national and international conferences. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT04114357; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M Ismail
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive | MS 2053, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
| | - Maria Spall
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive | MS 2053, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Linda A DiMeglio
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, 635 Barnhill Drive | MS 2053, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA
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15
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Phuengmaung P, Khiewkamrop P, Makjaroen J, Issara-Amphorn J, Boonmee A, Benjaskulluecha S, Ritprajak P, Nita-Lazar A, Palaga T, Hirankarn N, Leelahavanichkul A. Less Severe Sepsis in Cecal Ligation and Puncture Models with and without Lipopolysaccharide in Mice with Conditional Ezh2-Deleted Macrophages (LysM-Cre System). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24108517. [PMID: 37239864 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24108517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite a previous report on less inflammatory responses in mice with an absence of the enhancer of zeste homologue 2 (Ezh2), a histone lysine methyltransferase of epigenetic regulation, using a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection model, proteomic analysis and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP), a sepsis model that more resembles human conditions was devised. As such, analysis of cellular and secreted protein (proteome and secretome) after a single LPS activation and LPS tolerance in macrophages from Ezh2 null (Ezh2flox/flox; LysM-Crecre/-) mice (Ezh2 null) and the littermate control mice (Ezh2fl/fl; LysM-Cre-/-) (Ezh2 control) compared with the unstimulated cells from each group indicated fewer activities in Ezh2 null macrophages, especially by the volcano plot analysis. Indeed, supernatant IL-1β and expression of genes in pro-inflammatory M1 macrophage polarization (IL-1β and iNOS), TNF-α, and NF-κB (a transcription factor) were lower in Ezh2 null macrophages compared with the control. In LPS tolerance, downregulated NF-κB compared with the control was also demonstrated in Ezh2 null cells. In CLP sepsis mice, those with CLP alone and CLP at 2 days after twice receiving LPS injection, representing sepsis and sepsis after endotoxemia, respectively, symptoms were less severe in Ezh2 null mice, as indicated by survival analysis and other biomarkers. However, the Ezh2 inhibitor improved survival only in CLP, but not LPS with CLP. In conclusion, an absence of Ezh2 in macrophages resulted in less severe sepsis, and the use of an Ezh2 inhibitor might be beneficial in sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pornpimol Phuengmaung
- Center of Excellence in Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Phuriwat Khiewkamrop
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Medical Microbiology, Interdisciplinary and International Program, Graduate School, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jiradej Makjaroen
- Center of Excellence in Systems Biology, Research Affairs, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Jiraphorn Issara-Amphorn
- Functional Cellular Networks Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Atsadang Boonmee
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Salisa Benjaskulluecha
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Patcharee Ritprajak
- Research Unit in Integrative Immuno-Microbial Biochemistry and Bioresponsive Nanomaterials, Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Aleksandra Nita-Lazar
- Functional Cellular Networks Section, Laboratory of Immune System Biology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Tanapat Palaga
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nattiya Hirankarn
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Immunology and Immune-Mediated Diseases, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Asada Leelahavanichkul
- Center of Excellence in Translational Research in Inflammation and Immunology (CETRII), Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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16
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Ahn-Jarvis JH, Sosh D, Lombardo E, Lesinski GB, Conwell DL, Hart PA, Vodovotz Y. Short-Term Soy Bread Intervention Leads to a Dose-Response Increase in Urinary Isoflavone Metabolites and Satiety in Chronic Pancreatitis. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091762. [PMID: 37174299 PMCID: PMC10178207 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) are particularly vulnerable to nutrient malabsorption and undernutrition caused by the underlying pathology of their disease. Dietary intervention trials involving soy isoflavones in patients with CP are limited and isoflavone metabolites have not yet been reported. We hypothesized soy bread containing plant-based protein, dietary fiber, and isoflavones would be well-tolerated and restore gut functional capacity which would lead to isoflavone metabolites profiles like those of healthy populations. Participants (n = 9) received 1 week of soy bread in a dose-escalation design (1 to 3 slices/day) or a 4-week maximally tolerated dose (n = 1). Dietary adherence, satiety, and palatability were measured. Isoflavone metabolites from 24 h urine collections were quantified using high-performance liquid chromatography. A maximum dose of three slices (99 mg of isoflavones) of soy bread per day was achieved. Short-term exposure to soy bread showed a significant dose-response increase (p = 0.007) of total isoflavones and their metabolites in urine. With increasing slices of soy bread, dietary animal protein intake (p = 0.009) and perceived thirst (p < 0.001) significantly decreased with prolonged satiety (p < 0.001). In this study, adherence to short-term intervention with soy bread in CP patients was excellent. Soy isoflavones were reliably delivered. These findings provide the foundation for evaluating a well-characterized soy bread in supporting healthy nutrition and gut function in CP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer H Ahn-Jarvis
- College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Daniel Sosh
- College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Erin Lombardo
- College of Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Gregory B Lesinski
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Darwin L Conwell
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Phil A Hart
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
| | - Yael Vodovotz
- College of Food, Agricultural, and Environmental Sciences, Department of Food Science and Technology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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17
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Liang L, Saunders C, Sanossian N. Food, gut barrier dysfunction, and related diseases: A new target for future individualized disease prevention and management. Food Sci Nutr 2023; 11:1671-1704. [PMID: 37051344 PMCID: PMC10084985 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 03/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Dysfunction of gut barrier is known as "leaky gut" or increased intestinal permeability. Numerous recent scientific evidences showed the association between gut dysfunction and multiple gastrointestinal tract (GI) and non-GI diseases. Research also demonstrated that food plays a crucial role to cause or remedy gut dysfunction related to diseases. We reviewed recent articles from electronic databases, mainly PubMed. The data were based on animal models, cell models, and human research in vivo and in vitro models. In this comprehensive review, our aim focused on the relationship between dietary factors, intestinal permeability dysfunction, and related diseases. This review synthesizes currently available literature and is discussed in three parts: (a) the mechanism of gut barrier and function, (b) food and dietary supplements that may promote gut health, and food or medication that may alter gut function, and (c) a table that organizes the synthesized information by general mechanisms for diseases related to leaky gut/intestinal permeability and associated dietary influences. With future research, dietary intervention could be a new target for individualized disease prevention and management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Liang
- University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
| | | | - Nerses Sanossian
- Department of NeurologyMedical School of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA
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18
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Mashaqi S, Rangan P, Saleh AA, Abraham I, Gozal D, Quan SF, Parthasarathy S. Biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction in obstructive sleep apnea: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Sleep Med Rev 2023; 69:101774. [PMID: 37028145 DOI: 10.1016/j.smrv.2023.101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate the impact of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on gut barrier dysfunction as represented by the following biomarkers: zonulin, lipopolysaccharide, lipopolysaccharide binding protein, intestinal fatty acid binding protein, and lactic acid. A comprehensive search of the literature was conducted in Ovid MEDLINE, Embase, Scopus, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and ClinicalTrials.gov without language restrictions from inception to October 2022. The analysis of all outcomes was performed using a random-effects model. We included eight studies (seven cross sectional and one case control) in the final quantitative synthesis with a total of 897 patients. We concluded that OSA was associated with higher levels of gut barrier dysfunction biomarkers [Hedges' g = 0.73 (95%CI 0.37-1.09, p < 0.01). Biomarker levels were positively correlated with the apnea-hypopnea index [r = 0.48 (95%CI 0.35-0.6, p < 0.01)] and oxygen desaturation index [r = 0.30 (95%CI 0.17-0.42, p < 0.01)], and negatively correlated with the nadir oxygen desaturation values [r = -0.45 (95%CI - 0.55 - - 0.32, p < 0.01). Our systematic review and meta-analysis suggests that OSA is associated with gut barrier dysfunction. Furthermore, OSA severity appears to be correlated with higher biomarkers of gut barrier dysfunction. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022333078.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Mashaqi
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona, College of Medicine Tucson, 1625 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85719, USA.
| | - Pooja Rangan
- Division of Clinical Data Analytics and Decision Support, Department of Internal Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine Phoenix, AZ, USA.
| | - Ahlam A Saleh
- Health Sciences Library, The University of Arizona, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA.
| | - Ivo Abraham
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA; Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, The University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO, USA.
| | - Stuart F Quan
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Departments of Medicine and Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, USA.
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona, College of Medicine Tucson, USA.
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19
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Gut Microbiota, LADA, and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: An Evolving Relationship. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11030707. [PMID: 36979685 PMCID: PMC10045633 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11030707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
There is much evidence confirming the crucial role played by the gut microbiota in modulating the immune system in the onset of autoimmune diseases. In this article, we focus on the relationship between alterations in the microbiome and the onset of diabetes mellitus type 1 and LADA, in light of the latest evidence. We will then look at both how the role of the gut microbiota appears to be increasingly crucial in the pathogenesis of these disorders and how this aspect may be instrumental in the development of new potential therapeutic strategies that modulate the gut microbiota, such as probiotics, prebiotics, and fecal microbiota transplantation.
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20
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Lee SH, Hwang D, Goo TW, Yun EY. Prediction of intestinal stem cell regulatory genes from Drosophila gut damage model created using multiple inducers: Differential gene expression-based protein-protein interaction network analysis. DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY 2023; 138:104539. [PMID: 36087786 DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2022.104539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal tissue functions in innate immunity to prevent the entry of harmful substances, and to maintain homeostasis through the constant proliferation of intestinal stem cells (ISC). To understand the mechanisms which regulate ISC in response to gut damage, we identified 81 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) through RNA-seq analysis after oral administration of three intestinal-damaging substances to Drosophila melanogaster. Through protein-protein interaction (PPI) and functional annotation studies, the top 22 DEGs ordered by the number of nodes in the PPI network were analyzed in relation to cell development. Through network topology analysis, we identified 12 essential seed genes. From this we confirmed that p53, RpL17, Fmr1, Stat92E, CG31343, Cnot4, CG9281, CG8184, Evi5, and to were essential for ISC proliferation during gut damage using knockdown RNAi Drosophila. This study presents a method for identifying candidate genes relating to intestinal damage that has scope for furthering our understanding of gut disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung Hun Lee
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Dooseon Hwang
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea
| | - Tae-Won Goo
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju, 38766, South Korea
| | - Eun-Young Yun
- Department of Integrative Biological Sciences and Industry, Sejong University, Seoul, 05006, South Korea.
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21
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Fu Y, Ji W, Liu Q, Zhang L, Li C, Huan Y, Lei L, Gao X, Chen L, Feng C, Lei L, Zhai J, Li P, Cao H, Liu S, Shen Z. Voglibose Regulates the Secretion of GLP-1 Accompanied by Amelioration of Ileal Inflammatory Damage and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Diabetic KKAy Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415938. [PMID: 36555580 PMCID: PMC9786790 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Voglibose is an α-glycosidase inhibitor that improves postprandial hyperglycemia and increases glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion in patients with type 2 diabetes. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the anti-inflammatory effects of voglibose on the intestine, but the underlying mechanism is not clear. This study evaluated the effects and mechanisms of voglibose on glycemic control and intestinal inflammation. Type 2 diabetic KKAy mice were treated with voglibose (1 mg/kg) by oral gavage once daily. After 8 weeks, glucose metabolism, levels of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), systematic inflammatory factors, intestinal integrity and inflammation were evaluated using hematoxylin and eosin staining, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis. Voglibose ameliorated glucose metabolism by enhancing basal- and glucose-dependent GLP-1 secretion. Several beneficial SCFAs, such as acetic acid and propionic acid, were increased by voglibose in the fecal sample. Additionally, voglibose notably decreased the proportion of pro-inflammatory macrophages and the expression of nuclear factor kappa B but increased the expression of tight junction proteins in the ileum, thus markedly improving intestinal inflammatory damage and reducing the systematic inflammatory factors. Ileal genomics and protein validation suggested that voglibose attenuated inositol-requiring protein 1α-X-box binding protein 1-mediated endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). Together, these results showed that voglibose enhanced the secretion of GLP-1, which contributed to the glycemic control in KKAy mice at least in part by regulating intestinal inflammation and the expression of ERS factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Wenming Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Quan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
- Department of Medical Records, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100730, China
- Beijing Diabetes Institute, Beijing 100730, China
| | - Caina Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Yi Huan
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Lei Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Xuefeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Leilei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Cunyu Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Liran Lei
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Jiayu Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Pingping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
| | - Hui Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Shuainan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Diabetes Research Center of Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Correspondence: (H.C.); (S.L.)
| | - Zhufang Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Functions of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
- Key Laboratory of Polymorphic Drugs of Beijing, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100050, China
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Wang X, Sun X, Abulizi A, Xu J, He Y, Chen Q, Yan R. Effects of salvianolic acid A on intestinal microbiota and lipid metabolism disorders in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:135. [PMID: 36127704 PMCID: PMC9490915 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00868-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Salvianolic acid A (SalA) is the main water-soluble component isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza. This study explored the influences of SalA on intestinal microbiota composition and lipid metabolism in Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats. The 6-week-old male ZDF rats were treated with distilled water (N = 10) and low dose (SalA 0.5 mg/kg/d, N = 10), medium dose (SalA 1 mg/kg/d, N = 10), and high dose (SalA 2 mg/kg/d, N = 10) of SalA, with the male Zucker lean normoglycemic rats of the same week age as controls (given distilled water, N = 10). The blood glucose, body weight, and food intake of rats were examined. After 7 and 8 weeks of continuous administration, oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) were performed, respectively. Serum fasting insulin (FINS), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and free fatty acid (FFA) were determined. Liver tissues were stained using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) and oil red O staining. Fecal samples were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Small intestinal tissues were stained using HE and immunohistochemistry. The tight junction proteins (ZO-1/Occludin/Claudin-1) and serum levels of LPS/TNF-α/IL-6 were evaluated. SalA reduced insulin resistance, liver injury, serum FFA, liver TC and TG levels in ZDF rats, and improved lipid metabolism. After SalA treatment, intestinal microbiota richness and diversity of ZDF rats were promoted. SalA retained the homeostasis of intestinal core microbiota. SalA reduced intestinal epithelial barrier damage, LPS, and inflammatory cytokines in ZDF rats. Overall, SalA can sustain intestinal microbiota balance and improve the lipid metabolism of ZDF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Wang
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 856 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430061, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Xiangjun Sun
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 856 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430061, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Abulikemu Abulizi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 856 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430061, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Jinyao Xu
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 856 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430061, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Yun He
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 856 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430061, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 856 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430061, Hubei, China
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China
| | - Ruicheng Yan
- Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Hubei Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 856 Luoyu Rd, Hongshan District, Wuhan, 430061, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
- Affiliated Hospital of Hubei University of Chinese Medicine, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, China.
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23
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Gut Microbiota Functional Traits, Blood pH, and Anti-GAD Antibodies Concur in the Clinical Characterization of T1D at Onset. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810256. [PMID: 36142163 PMCID: PMC9499637 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alterations of gut microbiota have been identified before clinical manifestation of type 1 diabetes (T1D). To identify the associations amongst gut microbiome profile, metabolism and disease markers, the 16S rRNA-based microbiota profiling and 1H-NMR metabolomic analysis were performed on stool samples of 52 T1D patients at onset, 17 T1D siblings and 57 healthy subjects (CTRL). Univariate, multivariate analyses and classification models were applied to clinical and -omic integrated datasets. In T1D patients and their siblings, Clostridiales and Dorea were increased and Dialister and Akkermansia were decreased compared to CTRL, while in T1D, Lachnospiraceae were higher and Collinsella was lower, compared to siblings and CTRL. Higher levels of isobutyrate, malonate, Clostridium, Enterobacteriaceae, Clostridiales, Bacteroidales, were associated to T1D compared to CTRL. Patients with higher anti-GAD levels showed low abundances of Roseburia, Faecalibacterium and Alistipes and those with normal blood pH and low serum HbA1c levels showed high levels of purine and pyrimidine intermediates. We detected specific gut microbiota profiles linked to both T1D at the onset and to diabetes familiarity. The presence of specific microbial and metabolic profiles in gut linked to anti-GAD levels and to blood acidosis can be considered as predictive biomarker associated progression and severity of T1D.
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24
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Wu Y, Liu X, Li J, Ji W, Tian Q, Li S. Aerobic exercise improves intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction through TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway in diabetic rats. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 634:75-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2022] [Revised: 09/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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25
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The effect of probiotics/synbiotics supplementation on renal and liver biomarkers in patients with type 2 diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Br J Nutr 2022; 128:625-635. [PMID: 34544511 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521003780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the apparent beneficial effects of probiotics/synbiotics on glucose haemostasis, lipid profile and inflammatory responses, it is not clear whether these beneficial effects also impact renal and hepatic function in diabetes. Therefore, we sought to assess the effect of probiotics/synbiotics supplementation on renal and liver biomarkers in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) using a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCT). PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane Library were systematically searched, up to February 2021. The pooled weighted mean difference (WMD) was estimated using a random-effects model. The methodological quality of studies, as well as certainty of evidence, was assessed using standard scales. Fifteen related trials were identified. Meta-analysis of six trials, involving 426 participants, indicated that probiotics/synbiotics supplementation reduced serum levels of creatinine (WMD = -0·10 mg/dl, 95 % CI -0·20, -0·00; P = 0·01; I 2 = 87·7 %; P-heterogeneity < 0·001), without any significant effect on blood urea nitrogen (BUN), glomerular filtration rate or microalbuminuria. No significant improvement was found on liver biomarkers following probiotics/synbiotics supplementation. The subgroup analysis showed a significant improvement in BUN when follow-up duration lasted for 12 weeks or more (WMD = -1·215 mg/dl, 95 % CI -1·933, -0·496; P = 0·001) and in creatinine levels in patients with renal dysfunction (WMD = -0·209 mg/dl, 95 % CI -0·322, -0·096; P < 0·001). Our results are insufficient to advocate the use of probiotics/synbiotics for improving renal or liver function in patients with T2DM. Indeed, due to the low certainty of evidence, these findings need to be affirmed in further high-quality RCT.
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Okuyucu M, Yalcin Kehribar D, Çapraz M, Çapraz A, Arslan M, Çelik ZB, Usta B, Birinci A, Ozgen M. The Relationship Between COVID-19 Disease Severity and Zonulin Levels. Cureus 2022; 14:e28255. [PMID: 36158380 PMCID: PMC9491012 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.28255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Zonulin is a protein that plays a role in the reversible regulation of epithelial permeability. As zonulin is released in large amounts into the intestinal lumen, it disrupts the integrity of the tight junctions and causes continuous migration of antigens to the submucosa. Consequently, it can trigger inflammatory processes and severe immune reactions. In severe cases, SARS-CoV-2 may have a major impact on the clinical manifestations of the disease by directly or indirectly affecting intestinal cells and triggering systemic inflammation. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the role of one of the possible mediators, zonulin, in the severity of the COVID-19 infection. Methods Thirty COVID-19 patients and 35 healthy controls were included in the study. Blood samples were taken from the patients on the 1st, 4th, and 8th days of hospitalization. Serum zonulin levels were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Complete blood count (white blood cell [WBC], neutrophil, lymphocyte, and platelet), biochemical parameters (serum lactic acid dehydrogenase [LDH], erythrocyte sedimentation rate [ESR], C-reactive protein [CRP], D-dimer, ferritin, fibrinogen levels) were determined and chronic systemic disease states of the patients were assessed. Results Serum zonulin levels were notably higher in the healthy control group compared to the patient group (p=0.003). Although there was an increase in the zonulin values by time in hospitalization, this rising was not significant. Conversely, ESR and CRP levels were significantly higher in the patient group (p<0.001). There was no significant difference between the two groups regarding gender, age, and WBC counts. Conclusion The serum zonulin levels of COVID-19 patients with the mild clinical course were lower than the healthy control group. Moreover, serum zonulin levels were not correlated with ESR, CRP, and other inflammation markers. Our results suggest that low serum zonulin levels in COVID-19 patients might represent a mild disease course.
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27
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Hoffmanová I, Sánchez D, Szczepanková A, Hábová V, Tlaskalová-Hogenová H. Serological markers of intestinal barrier impairment do not correlate with duration of diabetes and glycated hemoglobin in adult patients with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Physiol Res 2022; 71:357-368. [PMID: 35616045 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests that diabetes mellitus is associated with impairment of the intestinal barrier. However, it is not clear so far if the impairment of the intestinal barrier is a consequence of prolonged hyperglycemia or the consequence of external factors influencing the gut microbiota and intestinal mucosa integrity. Aim of the study was to perform an estimation of relationship between serological markers of impairment of the intestinal barrier: intestinal fatty acid-binding protein (I-FABP), cytokeratin 18 caspase-cleaved fragment (cCK-18), and soluble CD14 (sCD14) and markers of prolonged hyperglycemia, such as the duration of diabetes mellitus and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) via a correlation analysis in patients with diabetes mellitus. In 40 adult patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 30 adult patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus the estimation has been performed. Statistically significant positive correlation was found between cCK-18 and HbA1c (r=0.5047, p=0.0275) in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with fading insulitis (T1D). In patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with ongoing insulitis (T1D/INS) and in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D), no statistically significant positive correlations were found between serological markers of intestinal barrier impairment (I-FABP, cCK-18, sCD14) and duration of diabetes or levels of HbA1c. Similarly, in cumulative cohort of patients with T1D/INS and patients with T1D we revealed statistically positive correlation only between HbA1c and cCK-18 (r=0.3414, p=0.0311). Surprisingly, we found statistically significant negative correlation between the duration of diabetes mellitus and cCK-18 (r=-0.3050, p=0.0313) only in cumulative group of diabetic patients (T1D, T1D/INS, and T2D). Based on our results, we hypothesize that the actual condition of the intestinal barrier in diabetic patients is much more dependent on variable interactions between host genetic factors, gut microbiota, and environmental factors rather than effects of long-standing hyperglycemia (assessed by duration of diabetes mellitus or HbA1c).
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Affiliation(s)
- I Hoffmanová
- Department of Internal Medicine, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University Prague, and Motol University Hospital, Prague, Czech Republic; Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Institute of Microbiology of the Czech Academy of Sciences., Prague, Czech Republic.
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Ji Y, Xie Q, Meng X, Wang W, Li S, Lang X, Zhao C, Yuan Y, Ye H. Lactobacillus paracasei improves dietary fatty liver by reducing insulin resistance and inflammation in obese mice model. J Funct Foods 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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29
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Ismail HM, Evans-Molina C. Does the Gut Microbiome Play a Role in Obesity in Type 1 Diabetes? Unanswered Questions and Review of the Literature. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:892291. [PMID: 35873174 PMCID: PMC9304930 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.892291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests that type 1 diabetes (T1D) risk and progression are associated with gut bacterial imbalances. Children with either T1D or islet antibody positivity exhibit gut dysbiosis (microbial imbalance) characterized by lower gram-positive to gram-negative gut bacterial ratios compared to healthy individuals, leading to a pro-inflammatory milieu. In addition, specific gut microbiome changes, including increased virulence factors, elevated phage, prophage, and motility genes, and higher amplitude stress responses, have been identified in individuals who have or are progressing towards T1D. Additionally, gut microbiome differences are associated with and thought to contribute to obesity, a comorbidity that is increasingly prevalent among persons with T1D. Obesity in T1D is problematic because individuals with obesity progress faster to T1D, have reduced insulin sensitivity compared to their lean counterparts, and have higher risk of complications. Animal and human studies suggest higher relative abundance of bacterial taxa associated with changes in bile acid and short chain fatty acid biosynthesis in obesity. However, it is unknown to what extent the gut microbiome plays a role in obesity in T1D and these worse outcomes. In this review, we aim to evaluate potential gut microbiome changes and associations in individuals with T1D who are obese, highlighting the specific gut microbiome changes associated with obesity and with T1D development. We will identify commonalities and differences in microbiome changes and examine potential microbiota-host interactions and the metabolic pathways involved. Finally, we will explore interventions that may be of benefit to this population, in order to modify disease and improve outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba M. Ismail
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Heba M. Ismail, ; Carmella Evans-Molina,
| | - Carmella Evans-Molina
- Department of Pediatrics and the Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Medicine, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Indiana University School of Informatics and Computing, Indianapolis, IN, United States
- *Correspondence: Heba M. Ismail, ; Carmella Evans-Molina,
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30
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Paul P, Kaul R, Abdellatif B, Arabi M, Upadhyay R, Saliba R, Sebah M, Chaari A. The Promising Role of Microbiome Therapy on Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress in Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic and Narrative Review. Front Nutr 2022; 9:906243. [PMID: 35711547 PMCID: PMC9197462 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.906243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background One in 10 adults suffer from type 2 diabetes (T2D). The role of the gut microbiome, its homeostasis, and dysbiosis has been investigated with success in the pathogenesis as well as treatment of T2D. There is an increasing volume of literature reporting interventions of pro-, pre-, and synbiotics on T2D patients. Methods Studies investigating the effect of pro-, pre-, and synbiotics on biomarkers of inflammation and oxidative stress in T2D populations were extracted from databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, and Cochrane from inception to January 2022. Results From an initial screening of 5,984 hits, 47 clinical studies were included. Both statistically significant and non-significant results have been compiled, analyzed, and discussed. We have found various promising pro-, pre-, and synbiotic formulations. Of these, multistrain/multispecies probiotics are found to be more effective than monostrain interventions. Additionally, our findings show resistant dextrin to be the most promising prebiotic, followed closely by inulin and oligosaccharides. Finally, we report that synbiotics have shown excellent effect on markers of oxidative stress and antioxidant enzymes. We further discuss the role of metabolites in the resulting effects in biomarkers and ultimately pathogenesis of T2D, bring attention toward the ability of such nutraceuticals to have significant role in COVID-19 therapy, and finally discuss few ongoing clinical trials and prospects. Conclusion Current literature of pro-, pre- and synbiotic administration for T2D therapy is promising and shows many significant results with respect to most markers of inflammation and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradipta Paul
- Division of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ridhima Kaul
- Division of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Basma Abdellatif
- Division of Medical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Maryam Arabi
- Division of Premedical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Rohit Upadhyay
- Department of Medicine—Nephrology and Hypertension, Tulane University, School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Reya Saliba
- Distributed eLibrary, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Majda Sebah
- Division of Premedical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Ali Chaari
- Division of Premedical Education, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
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Vetrani C, Di Nisio A, Paschou SA, Barrea L, Muscogiuri G, Graziadio C, Savastano S, Colao A. From Gut Microbiota through Low-Grade Inflammation to Obesity: Key Players and Potential Targets. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14102103. [PMID: 35631244 PMCID: PMC9145366 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
During the last decades, the gut microbiota has gained much interest in relation to human health. Mounting evidence has shown a strict association between gut microbiota and obesity and its related diseases. Inflammation has been appointed as the driving force behind this association. Therefore, a better understanding of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota might influence inflammation in the host could pave for the identification of effective strategies to reduce inflammation-related diseases, such as obesity and obesity-related diseases. For this purpose, we carried out an extensive literature search for studies published in the English language during the last 10 years. Most relevant studies were used to provide a comprehensive view of all aspects related to the association of gut microbiota and low-grade inflammation with obesity. Accordingly, this narrative review reports the evidence on the key players supporting the role of gut microbiota in the modulation of inflammation in relation to obesity and its complications. Moreover, therapeutic approaches to reduce microbiota-related inflammation are discussed to provide potential targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Vetrani
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
| | - Andrea Di Nisio
- Department of Medicine, Operative Unit of Andrology and Medicine of Human Reproduction, University of Padova, 35128 Padova, Italy;
| | - Stavroula A. Paschou
- Endocrine Unit and Diabetes Centre, Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece;
| | - Luigi Barrea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Umanistiche, Università Telematica Pegaso, 80143 Napoli, Italy;
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Giovanna Muscogiuri
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development”, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Chiara Graziadio
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Silvia Savastano
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Annamaria Colao
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Endocrinology Unit, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy; (C.V.); (C.G.); (S.S.); (A.C.)
- Centro Italiano per la Cura e il Benessere del Paziente con Obesità (C.I.B.O), University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
- UNESCO Chair “Education for Health and Sustainable Development”, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy
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Mashaqi S, Kallamadi R, Matta A, Quan SF, Patel SI, Combs D, Estep L, Lee-Iannotti J, Smith C, Parthasarathy S, Gozal D. Obstructive Sleep Apnea as a Risk Factor for COVID-19 Severity-The Gut Microbiome as a Common Player Mediating Systemic Inflammation via Gut Barrier Dysfunction. Cells 2022; 11:1569. [PMID: 35563874 PMCID: PMC9101605 DOI: 10.3390/cells11091569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel corona virus that is now known as (SARS-CoV-2) has killed more than six million people worldwide. The disease presentation varies from mild respiratory symptoms to acute respiratory distress syndrome and ultimately death. Several risk factors have been shown to worsen the severity of COVID-19 outcomes (such as age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and obesity). Since many of these risk factors are known to be influenced by obstructive sleep apnea, this raises the possibility that OSA might be an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity. A shift in the gut microbiota has been proposed to contribute to outcomes in both COVID-19 and OSA. To further evaluate the potential triangular interrelationships between these three elements, we conducted a thorough literature review attempting to elucidate these interactions. From this review, it is concluded that OSA may be a risk factor for worse COVID-19 clinical outcomes, and the shifts in gut microbiota associated with both COVID-19 and OSA may mediate processes leading to bacterial translocation via a defective gut barrier which can then foster systemic inflammation. Thus, targeting biomarkers of intestinal tight junction dysfunction in conjunction with restoring gut dysbiosis may provide novel avenues for both risk detection and adjuvant therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saif Mashaqi
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Rekha Kallamadi
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA; (R.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Abhishek Matta
- Department of Internal Medicine, The University of North Dakota School of Medicine, Grand Forks, ND 58203, USA; (R.K.); (A.M.)
| | - Stuart F. Quan
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
- Division of Sleep and Circadian Disorders, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Salma I. Patel
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Daniel Combs
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Lauren Estep
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - Joyce Lee-Iannotti
- Department of Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Phoenix, AZ 85006, USA;
| | - Charles Smith
- The Intermountain Healthcare, Merrill Gappmayer Family Medicine Center, Provo, UT 84604, USA;
| | - Sairam Parthasarathy
- Department of Pulmonary, Allergy, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, The University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ 85719, USA; (S.F.Q.); (S.I.P.); (D.C.); (L.E.); (S.P.)
| | - David Gozal
- Department of Child Health, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia, MO 65201, USA;
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Sumida K, Han Z, Chiu CY, Mims TS, Bajwa A, Demmer RT, Datta S, Kovesdy CP, Pierre JF. Circulating Microbiota in Cardiometabolic Disease. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:892232. [PMID: 35592652 PMCID: PMC9110890 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.892232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The rapid expansion of microbiota research has significantly advanced our understanding of the complex interactions between gut microbiota and cardiovascular, metabolic, and renal system regulation. Low-grade chronic inflammation has long been implicated as one of the key mechanisms underlying cardiometabolic disease risk and progression, even before the insights provided by gut microbiota research in the past decade. Microbial translocation into the bloodstream can occur via different routes, including through the oral and/or intestinal mucosa, and may contribute to chronic inflammation in cardiometabolic disease. Among several gut-derived products identifiable in the systemic circulation, bacterial endotoxins and metabolites have been extensively studied, however recent advances in microbial DNA sequencing have further allowed us to identify highly diverse communities of microorganisms in the bloodstream from an -omics standpoint, which is termed "circulating microbiota." While detecting microorganisms in the bloodstream was historically considered as an indication of infection, evidence on the circulating microbiota is continually accumulating in various patient populations without clinical signs of infection and even in otherwise healthy individuals. Moreover, both quantitative and compositional alterations of the circulating microbiota have recently been implicated in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory conditions, potentially through their immunostimulatory, atherogenic, and cardiotoxic properties. In this mini review, we aim to provide recent evidence on the characteristics and roles of circulating microbiota in several cardiometabolic diseases, such as type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and chronic kidney disease, with highlights of our emerging findings on circulating microbiota in patients with end-stage kidney disease undergoing hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Sumida
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,*Correspondence: Keiichi Sumida,
| | - Zhongji Han
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Chi-Yang Chiu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Tahliyah S. Mims
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
| | - Amandeep Bajwa
- Transplant Research Institute, James D. Eason Transplant Institute, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Ryan T. Demmer
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, United States,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Susmita Datta
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Csaba P. Kovesdy
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, United States,Nephrology Section, Memphis Veterans Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Memphis, TN, United States
| | - Joseph F. Pierre
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, United States
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Collares-Buzato CB, Carvalho CP. Is type 2 diabetes mellitus another intercellular junction-related disorder? Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2022; 247:743-755. [PMID: 35466731 DOI: 10.1177/15353702221090464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is nowadays a worldwide epidemic and has become a major challenge for health systems around the world. It is a multifactorial disorder, characterized by a chronic state of hyperglycemia caused by defects in the production as well as in the peripheral action of insulin. This minireview highlights the experimental and clinical evidence that supports the novel idea that intercellular junctions (IJs)-mediated cell-cell contacts play a role in the pathogenesis of T2D. It focuses on IJs repercussion for endocrine pancreas, intestinal barrier, and kidney dysfunctions that contribute to the onset and evolution of this metabolic disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla B Collares-Buzato
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, CEP 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Carolina Pf Carvalho
- Department of Biosciences, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Santos, SP, CEP 11015-020, Brazil
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Garbiec E, Cielecka-Piontek J, Kowalówka M, Hołubiec M, Zalewski P. Genistein-Opportunities Related to an Interesting Molecule of Natural Origin. Molecules 2022; 27:815. [PMID: 35164079 PMCID: PMC8840253 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, increasingly more attention is being paid to a holistic approach to health, in which diet contributes to disease prevention. There is growing interest in functional food that not only provides basic nutrition but has also been demonstrated to be an opportunity for the prevention of disorders. A promising functional food is soybean, which is the richest source of the isoflavone, genistein. Genistein may be useful in the prevention and treatment of such disorders as psoriasis, cataracts, cystic fibrosis, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and type 2 diabetes. However, achievable concentrations of genistein in humans are low, and the use of soybean as a functional food is not devoid of concerns, which are related to genistein's potential side effects resulting from its estrogenic and goitrogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Garbiec
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcickiego St., 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (E.G.); (P.Z.)
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcickiego St., 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (E.G.); (P.Z.)
| | - Magdalena Kowalówka
- Department of Bromatology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 42 Marcelińska St., 60-354 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Hołubiec
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna 27/33 St., 60-572 Poznan, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Zalewski
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 4 Święcickiego St., 60-780 Poznan, Poland; (E.G.); (P.Z.)
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The association of zonulin-related proteins with prevalent and incident inflammatory bowel disease. BMC Gastroenterol 2022; 22:3. [PMID: 34979917 PMCID: PMC8725386 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-021-02075-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Current evidence regarding the association of serum zonulin-related proteins (ZRP) levels with prevalent inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is contradictory. Moreover, the association with the subsequent risk of incident IBD is still unexplored. This study aimed to investigate the association of serum ZRP levels with both prevalent and incident IBD. Method The study included a total of 130 women (51–61 years) from the Women’s Health in Lund Area (WHILA) study, which included 18 prevalent IBD (diagnosed before baseline) and 47 incident IBD diagnosed during the 17 years (median) follow-up and age- and sampling time-matched controls. Serum ZRP was tested in all participants by ELISA.
Results The serum ZRP levels were significantly higher in prevalent IBD compared to their matched controls (63.2 ng/ml vs 57.0 ng/ml, p = 0.02), however, no evidence of a difference in ZRP levels was found between the women who developed IBD during the follow-up period and their matched controls (61.2 ng/ml vs 59.7 ng/ml, p = 0.34). Using linear mixed models, we found that the association between serum ZRP levels and prevalent IBD (β = 6.2, p = 0.01), remained after adjusting for potential confounders. Conditional logistic regression models showed no evidence of an association between ZRP level and incident IBD (OR 1.03, p = 0.34). Conclusion Higher serum ZRP levels were associated with prevalent IBD, but not with incident IBD in our study samples. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12876-021-02075-y.
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Maioli TU, Borras-Nogues E, Torres L, Barbosa SC, Martins VD, Langella P, Azevedo VA, Chatel JM. Possible Benefits of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii for Obesity-Associated Gut Disorders. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:740636. [PMID: 34925006 PMCID: PMC8677946 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.740636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Metabolic disorders are an increasing concern in the industrialized world. Current research has shown a direct link between the composition of the gut microbiota and the pathogenesis of obesity and diabetes. In only a few weeks, an obesity-inducing diet can lead to increased gut permeability and microbial dysbiosis, which contributes to chronic inflammation in the gut and adipose tissues, and to the development of insulin resistance. In this review, we examine the interplay between gut inflammation, insulin resistance, and the gut microbiota, and discuss how some probiotic species can be used to modulate gut homeostasis. We focus primarily on Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, a highly abundant butyrate-producing bacterium that has been proposed both as a biomarker for the development of different gut pathologies and as a potential treatment due to its production of anti-inflammatory metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiani Uceli Maioli
- Departamento de Nutrição, Escola de Enfermagem, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | | | - Licia Torres
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Sara Candida Barbosa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Vinicius Dantas Martins
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Bioquímica e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Philippe Langella
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Vasco Ariston Azevedo
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Jean-Marc Chatel
- Université Paris Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis, Jouy-en-Josas, France
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Ko HJ, Lin YC, Chen CC, Chen MJ, Wu MS, Liu CJ, Huang CT, Yang HW, Shih SC, Yu LY, Kuo YC, Wang HY, Hu KC. Helicobacter pylori infection and increased diabetes prevalence were the risks of colorectal adenoma for adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA-compliant article). Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e28156. [PMID: 34918670 PMCID: PMC8677985 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000028156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori infection and hyperglycemia are associated with an increased risk of colorectal neoplasm, and may have a synergistic effect in combination. However, these 2 factors that affect colorectal neoplasm remain controversial. We aimed to carry out a meta-analysis to evaluate the study population diabetes prevalence rate and H pylori infection rate with colorectal adenoma risk for adults. METHODS We conducted systemic research through English databases for medical reports. We also recorded the diabetes prevalence and H pylori infection prevalence in each study. We classified these studies into 4 subgroups as their background population diabetes prevalence <6% (Group 1); between 6% and 8% (Group 2); between 8% and 10% (Group 3), and more than 10% (Group 4). The random-effects model had used to calculate pooled prevalence estimates with 95% confidence interval (CI). RESULTS Twenty-seven studies were finally eligible for meta-analysis. The random-effects model of the meta-analysis was chosen, showing pooled odds ratio (OR) equal to 1.51 (95% CI 1.39-1.63). The subgroup meta-analyses showed in Group 1 the H pylori infection associated colorectal adenoma risk OR was 1.24 (95% CI 0.86-1.78). As the diabetes rate exceed 6%, the H pylori infection became the more significant increased risk of colorectal adenoma (Group 2: OR 2.16 (95% CI 1.61-2.91); Group 3: OR 1.40 (95% CI 1.24-1.57); and Group 4: OR 1.52 (95% CI 1.46-1.57)). CONCLUSIONS The results of this meta-analysis showed elevated diabetes prevalence combined H pylori infection increasing the risks of colorectal adenoma in the adult population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Ju Ko
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chun Lin
- Department of Anesthesia, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University
| | - Chieh-Chang Chen
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jen Chen
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
| | - Ming-Shiang Wu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Jen Liu
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ta Huang
- Division of Endocrine, Department of Internal Medicine, DM Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Horng-Woei Yang
- Departments of Medical Research, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shou-Chuan Shih
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
- MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Lo-Yip Yu
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
| | - Yang-Che Kuo
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
| | - Horng-Yuan Wang
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
| | - Kuang-Chun Hu
- Healthy Evaluation Center, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
- MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing, and Management, Taipei, Taiwan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan Healthy
- MacKay Medical College, Taipei, Taiwan
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Influence of Diet and Levels of Zonulin, Lipopolysaccharide and C-Reactive Protein on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors in Young Subjects. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13124472. [PMID: 34960024 PMCID: PMC8706658 DOI: 10.3390/nu13124472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A western diet and increased intestinal permeability may contribute to systemic inflammation and the development of cardio-metabolic alterations. The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between diet, biomarkers of intestinal permeability, and chronic low-grade inflammation on the cardiometabolic profile. A cross-sectional study was carried out in 238 young subjects aged 18–29 years, divided into two groups: with <3 cardiometabolic risk factors (CRF) and ≥3 risk factors. Anthropometric parameters, biochemical profile, and serum levels of zonulin, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) were measured, and the macronutrient intake was evaluated. Interaction models showed elevated glucose levels in the presence of high biomarker levels: zonulin ≥51.6 ng/mL plus LPS ≥ 1.35 EU/mL (β = 1.1, p = 0.006), and LPS ≥1.35 EU/mL plus hs-CRP ≥ 4.3 mg/L (β = 1.2, p = 0.007). In addition, triglyceride levels increased in the presence of LPS ≥ 1.35 EU/mL and hs-CRP ≥ 4.3 mg/L (β = 3.9, p = 0.01). Despite having increased biomarker levels, a higher consumption of water (≥2100 mL), polyunsaturated fatty acids (≥6.0 g), or fiber (≥30 g) decreased triglyceride (β = −9.6, p = 0.03), total cholesterol (β = −5.1, p = 0.01), and LDL-C levels (β = −7.7, p = 0.01). These findings suggest that the increased consumption of water, PUFA and fiber may improve lipid profile in subjects with intestinal permeability dysfunction or low-grade systemic inflammation.
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Ebbesen M, Kissow H, Hartmann B, Kielsen K, Sørensen K, Stinson SE, Frithioff-Bøjsøe C, Esmann Fonvig C, Holm JC, Hansen T, Holst JJ, Müller KG. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Is Associated With Systemic Inflammation in Pediatric Patients Treated With Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation. Front Immunol 2021; 12:793588. [PMID: 34956226 PMCID: PMC8692255 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.793588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) are challenged with severe side effects, which are propagated by mucosal barrier disruption, and the related microbial translocation and systemic inflammation. Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), a well-known incretin hormone, possesses anti-inflammatory properties and promotes regeneration of damaged intestinal epithelium in animal studies. We hypothesized that the immense inter-individual variation in the degree of mucosal damage and systemic inflammation, seen after HSCT is influenced by endogenous GLP-1 and could be related to acute post-transplant complications. In this prospective study we measured serial weekly fasting plasma GLP-1, along with C-reactive protein (CRP), and citrulline in 82 pediatric patients during allogeneic HSCT together with a fasting plasma GLP-1 in sex- and age-matched healthy controls. Overall, GLP-1 levels were increased in the patients during the course of HSCT compared with the controls, but tended to decrease post-transplant, most pronounced in patients receiving high-intensity conditioning regimen. The increase in CRP seen in the early post-transplant phase was significantly lower from day +8 to +13 in patients with GLP-1 above the upper quartile (>10 pmol/L) at day 0 (all P ≤ 0.03). Similar findings were seen for peak CRP levels after adjusting for type of conditioning (-47.0%; 95% CI, -8.1 - -69.4%, P = 0.02). Citrulline declined significantly following the transplantation illustrating a decrease in viable enterocytes, most evident in patients receiving high-intensity conditioning regimen. GLP-1 levels at day 0 associated with the recovery rate of citrulline from day 0 to +21 (34 percentage points (pp)/GLP-1 doubling; 95% CI, 10 - 58pp; P = 0. 008) and day 0 to day +90 (48 pp/GLP-1 doubling; 95% CI, 17 - 79pp; P = 0. 004), also after adjustment for type of conditioning. This translated into a reduced risk of acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) in patients with highest day 0 GLP-1 levels (>10 pmol/L) (cause-specific HR: 0.3; 95% CI, 0.2 - 0.9, P = 0.02). In conclusion, this study strongly suggests that GLP-1 influences regeneration of injured epithelial barriers and ameliorates inflammatory responses in the early post-transplant phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Ebbesen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Hannelouise Kissow
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bolette Hartmann
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katrine Kielsen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Kaspar Sørensen
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Sara Elizabeth Stinson
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Christine Frithioff-Bøjsøe
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Cilius Esmann Fonvig
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
- Department of Pediatrics, Kolding Hospital a Part of Lillebælt Hospital, Kolding, Denmark
| | - Jens-Christian Holm
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- The Children’s Obesity Clinic, Accredited European Centre for Obesity Management, Department of Pediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Holbæk, Holbæk, Denmark
| | - Torben Hansen
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jens Juul Holst
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Basic Metabolic Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Klaus Gottlob Müller
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Institute for Inflammation Research, Center for Rheumatology and Spine Diseases, University Hospital Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Zhang X, Wang D, Zheng Y, Tu Y, Xu Q, Jiang H, Li C, Zhao L, Li Y, Zheng H, Gao H. Sex-dependent effects on the gut microbiota and host metabolome in type 1 diabetic mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2021; 1867:166266. [PMID: 34481869 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2021.166266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sexual dimorphism exists in the onset and development of type 1 diabetes (T1D), but its potential pathological mechanism is poorly understood. In the present study, we examined sex-specific changes in the gut microbiome and host metabolome of T1D mice via 16S rRNA gene sequencing and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based metabolomics approach, and aimed to investigate potential mechanism of the gut microbiota-host metabolic interaction in the sexual dimorphism of T1D. Our results demonstrate that female mice had a greater shift in the gut microbiota than male mice during the development of T1D; however, host metabolome was more susceptible to T1D in male mice. The correlation network analysis indicates that T1D-induced host metabolic changes may be regulated by the gut microbiota in a sex-specific manner, mainly involving short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) metabolism, energy metabolism, amino acid metabolism, and choline metabolism. Therefore, our study suggests that sex-dependent "gut microbiota-host metabolism axis" may be implicated in the sexual dimorphism of T1D, and the link between microbes and metabolites might contribute to the prevention and treatment of T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Die Wang
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yafei Zheng
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yingxin Tu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Qingqing Xu
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Haowei Jiang
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Chen Li
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Liangcai Zhao
- Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Yuping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China
| | - Hong Zheng
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
| | - Hongchang Gao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325015, China; Institute of Metabonomics & Medical NMR, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China.
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Bao X, Wu J. Egg white ovomucin hydrolysate inhibits intestinal integrity damage in LPS-treated Caco-2 cells. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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Zhang H, Qi C, Zhao Y, Lu M, Li X, Zhou J, Dang H, Cui M, Miao T, Sun J, Li D. Depletion of gut secretory immunoglobulin A coated Lactobacillus reuteri is associated with gestational diabetes mellitus-related intestinal mucosal barrier damage. Food Funct 2021; 12:10783-10794. [PMID: 34609395 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo02517a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Changes in secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) coated bacteria from early to late pregnancy were associated with the development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). SIgA coated beneficial gut bacteria, which are depleted in GDM, are potential probiotics for the prevention of GDM. We investigated blood biochemistry, chronic inflammation, mucosal barrier biomarkers and faecal SIgA coated microbiota in healthy early pregnancy (T1H, n = 50), late pregnancy (T3H, n = 30) and women with GDM (T3D, n = 27). The "leaky gut" markers, zonulin and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), significantly increased in T3D compared to the T3H group. The Shannon index of SIgA coated microbiota was elevated in late pregnancy compared to early pregnancy and was the highest in the T3D group (p < 0.001). The T3D group was enriched in SIgA coated Escherichia and Streptococcus and depleted in Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. Blood glucose (BG) positively correlated with zonulin (p < 0.001) and LPS (p < 0.05). Lactobacillus reuteri negatively correlated with BG (p < 0.05), zonulin (p < 0.05) and LPS (p < 0.01). Lactobacillus reuteri QS01 isolated from the feces of T1H significantly reduced LPS released by the gut microbiota of GDM individuals in vitro. In conclusion, GDM may be related to intestinal mucosal damage and inflammation-induced dysbiosis of SIgA coated microbiota. SIgA coated L. reuteri can reduce the level of LPS of GDM in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haowen Zhang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Ce Qi
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Yuning Zhao
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Mengyao Lu
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Xinyue Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Jingbo Zhou
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Hongyang Dang
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Mengjun Cui
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Tingting Miao
- Changzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou 213004, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Jin Sun
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
| | - Duo Li
- Institute of Nutrition and Health, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China.
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Tian J, Bai B, Gao Z, Yang Y, Wu H, Wang X, Wang J, Li M, Tong X. Alleviation Effects of GQD, a Traditional Chinese Medicine Formula, on Diabetes Rats Linked to Modulation of the Gut Microbiome. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:740236. [PMID: 34692563 PMCID: PMC8531589 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.740236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gegen Qinlian Decoction (GQD) is a Chinese herbal medicine that has been reported to significantly decrease blood glucose levels, which is suggested to be related to interactions with the gut microbiota. However, the protective effect of GQD on intestinal barrier function with regard to its influence on the gut microbiota has not been explored to date. In this study, we investigated the role of the gut microbiota in mediating the hypoglycemic mechanism of GQD in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin after 4 weeks of high-fat diet feeding. The T2DM rats were randomly allocated to receive GQD, metformin (Met), or saline for 12 consecutive weeks, and changes in metabolic parameters, intestinal barrier function, and inflammation were investigated. Gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing from fecal samples, and statistical analyses were performed to correlate microbiota composition with phenotypes of the T2DM rats. GQD administration decreased the levels of blood glucose and inflammatory cytokines, and increased the levels of tight junction proteins. Besides, GQD had a protective effect on islet function, restoring intestinal permeability, and inhibiting inflammation, as evidenced by increases in the levels of serum C-peptide, occludin, and claudin-1 in the colon, and also improved the expression of serum inflammatory factors. In addition, GQD regulated the structure of the gut microbiota by increasing the proportions of short-chain fatty acids-producing and anti-inflammatory bacteria, and decreasing the proportions of conditioned pathogenic bacteria associated with the diabetic phenotype. Overall, these findings suggest that GQD could ameliorate hyperglycemia and protect islet function by regulating the structure of the gut microbiota, thereby restoring intestinal permeability and inhibiting inflammation in T2DM rats. Our study thus suggests that the hypoglycemic mechanism of GQD is mediated by its modulation of the gut microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Tian
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bingbing Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Zezheng Gao
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yingying Yang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haoran Wu
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmiao Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing, China
| | - Min Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaolin Tong
- Department of Endocrinology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Panwar S, Sharma S, Tripathi P. Role of Barrier Integrity and Dysfunctions in Maintaining the Healthy Gut and Their Health Outcomes. Front Physiol 2021; 12:715611. [PMID: 34630140 PMCID: PMC8497706 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.715611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal surface layers are the critical borders throughout epithelial membranes. These epithelial cells segregate luminal material from external environments. However, mucosal linings are also accountable for absorbing nutrients and requiring specific barrier permeability. These functional acts positioned the mucosal epithelium at the epicenter of communications concerning the mucosal immune coordination and foreign materials, such as dietary antigens and microbial metabolites. Current innovations have revealed that external stimuli can trigger several mechanisms regulated by intestinal mucosal barrier system. Crucial constituents of this epithelial boundary are physical intercellular structures known as tight junctions (TJs). TJs are composed of different types transmembrane proteins linked with cytoplasmic adaptors which helps in attachment to the adjacent cells. Disruption of this barrier has direct influence on healthy or diseased condition, as barrier dysfunctions have been interrelated with the initiation of inflammation, and pathogenic effects following metabolic complications. In this review we focus and overview the TJs structure, function and the diseases which are able to influence TJs during onset of disease. We also highlighted and discuss the role of phytochemicals evidenced to enhance the membrane permeability and integrity through restoring TJs levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shruti Panwar
- Infection and Immunology, Translational Health Science and Technology Institute, National Capital Region (NCR) Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, India
| | - Sapna Sharma
- Gene Regulation Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Prabhanshu Tripathi
- Food Drug and Chemical Toxicology Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR)-Indian Institute of Toxicology Research, Lucknow, India
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Szymanska E, Wierzbicka A, Dadalski M, Kierkus J. Fecal Zonulin as a Noninvasive Biomarker of Intestinal Permeability in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Diseases-Correlation with Disease Activity and Fecal Calprotectin. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10173905. [PMID: 34501351 PMCID: PMC8432014 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10173905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Recent data indicate that increased intestinal permeability plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) and correlates with disease flare. Since zonulin related proteins (ZRP) are the proteins that increase permeability in the epithelial layer of the small intestine by reversibly modulating the intercellular tight junctions, they may serve as a new, noninvasive biomarker of disease activity. The aim of this study was to investigate fecal ZRP in pediatric IBD patients as well as its correlation with disease activity and fecal calprotectin (FCP). Methods: Ninety-four individuals: 47 Crohn’s disease (CD) patients, 41 ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, and 6 healthy controls were examined for fecal ZRP. Values were correlated to IBD type, disease activity for IBD patients, and FCP for all children included in the study. A stool specimen was collected the day before the visit to the hospital, then fecal ZRP and FCP were tested using the ELISA test. Non-parametric statistical tests were used for data analysis. Results: The level of fecal ZRP was higher among IBD patients compared to the control group (CG): medians for CD—113.3 (53.6–593.6) ng/mL; UC—103.6 (50.7–418.3) ng/mL; and CG—46.9 (31.8–123.0) ng/mL (p < 0.05). No difference in fecal ZRP concentration was observed between children with CD and those with UC (p = 0.55). A slight correlation between disease activity (PCDAI for CD and PUCAI for UC) and the fecal ZRP level was found for CD (p = 0.03/R = 0.33), but not UC (p = 0.62/R = 0.08), patients. A correlation between fecal ZRP and FCP was observed (R = 0.73, p = 0.00). Conclusions: Fecal ZRP levels are increased among those with IBD, are associated with CD activity, and strongly correlate with FCP. Further research into the role of intestinal permeability in IBD and the clinical usefulness of ZRP in IBD is warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edyta Szymanska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-761 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.); (J.K.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Aldona Wierzbicka
- Department of Biochemistry and Experimental Medicine, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-761 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Maciej Dadalski
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-761 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.); (J.K.)
| | - Jaroslaw Kierkus
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Feeding Disorders and Pediatrics, The Children’s Memorial Health Institute, 04-761 Warsaw, Poland; (M.D.); (J.K.)
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Liu W, Luo X, Tang J, Mo Q, Zhong H, Zhang H, Feng F. A bridge for short-chain fatty acids to affect inflammatory bowel disease, type 1 diabetes, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease positively: by changing gut barrier. Eur J Nutr 2021; 60:2317-2330. [PMID: 33180143 DOI: 10.1007/s00394-020-02431-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE In previous studies, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) have been found to regulate gut microbiota and change gut barrier status, and the potential positive effects of SCFAs on inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) have also been found, but the role of SCFAs in these three diseases is not clear. This review aims to summarize existing evidence on the effects of SCFAs on IBD, T1D, and NHFLD, and correlates them with gut barrier and gut microbiota (gut microbiota barrier). METHODS A literature search in PubMed, Web of Science, Springer, and Wiley Online Library up to October 2020 was conducted for all relevant studies published. RESULTS This is a retrospective review of 150 applied research articles or reviews. The destruction of gut barrier may promote the development of IBD, T1D, and NAFLD. SCFAs seem to maintain the gut barrier by promoting the growth of intestinal epithelial cells, strengthening the intestinal tight connection, and regulating the activities of gut microbiota and immune cells, which might result possible beneficial effects on the above three diseases at a certain dose. CONCLUSIONS Influencing gut barrier health may be a bridge for SCFAs (especially butyrate) to have positive effects on IBD, T1D, and NAFLD. It is expected that this article can provide new ideas for the subsequent research on the treatment of diseases by SCFAs and help SCFAs be better applied to precise and personalized treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wangxin Liu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Xianliang Luo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jun Tang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qiufen Mo
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hao Zhong
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Fengqin Feng
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture, Zhejiang University, No. 866, Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Di Bella S, Campisciano G, Luzzati R, Di Domenico EG, Lovecchio A, Pappalardo A, Comar M, Gatti G. Bacterial colonization of explanted non-endocarditis cardiac valves: evidence and characterization of the valvular microbiome. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2021; 32:457-459. [PMID: 33221915 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivaa285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacterial colonization has been already demonstrated in heart valve tissues of patients without cardiovascular infections. However, the evidence of a valvular microbiome is still scarce. The next-generation sequencing method was carried out on 34 specimens of aortic (n = 20) and mitral valves (n = 14) explanted from 34 patients having neither evidence nor history of infectious diseases, particularly infective endocarditis. While no bacteria were demonstrated using standard culture methods, bacterial deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences were found using next-generation sequencing in 15/34 (44%) cases. Escherichia coli was present in 6 specimens and was the most frequently identified bacterium. There was a trend towards a higher rate of bacterial DNA positivity in specimens of calcific valves than in those of non-calcific valves (10/17 vs 5/17, P = 0.17). Based on a quantitative test, E. coli accounted for 0.7% ± 1% in calcific valvular tissue and 0.3% ± 0.3% in non-calcific valvular tissue (P = 0.2), and for 11% ± 27% in the valvular tissue of diabetic patients and 0.3% ± 1% in the valvular tissue of non-diabetic patients (P = 0.08). Detection of bacterial DNA in non-endocarditis valvular tissues could be a relatively common finding. There could be an association between the valvular microbiome and certain models of valve degeneration and common metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Di Bella
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Campisciano
- Laboratory of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo-Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Roberto Luzzati
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy
| | - Enea Gino Di Domenico
- Clinical Pathology and Microbiology, San Gallicano Dermatology Institute-IRCCS, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospitalieri, Rome, Italy
| | - Antonio Lovecchio
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy
| | - Aniello Pappalardo
- Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Department, Trieste University Hospital, Trieste, Italy
| | - Manola Comar
- Clinical Department of Medical, Surgical and Health Sciences, Trieste University, Trieste, Italy.,Laboratory of Advanced Microbiology Diagnosis and Translational Research, Institute for Maternal and Child Health-IRCCS Burlo-Garofolo, Trieste, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Gatti
- Cardio-Thoracic and Vascular Department, Trieste University Hospital, Trieste, Italy
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Lingaiah S, Arffman RK, Morin-Papunen L, Tapanainen JS, Piltonen T. Markers of gastrointestinal permeability and dysbiosis in premenopausal women with PCOS: a case-control study. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e045324. [PMID: 34226215 PMCID: PMC8258572 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-045324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Altered intestinal permeability and gut barrier dysfunction have been suggested to play a role in the pathogenetic mechanism of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrine and metabolic condition in reproductive-aged women. However, data on intestinal permeability and dysbiosis of the gut microbiota in PCOS is still limited, with conflicting results. To this end, the concentrations of gastrointestinal permeability and gut dysbiosis markers were analysed in women with PCOS. DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING General community. PARTICIPANTS 104 women with PCOS and 203 body mass index (BMI) matched control women at age 46. PRIMARY AND SECONDARY OUTCOME MEASURES Serum levels of zonulin, fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2), urinary levels of indican, and hormonal and metabolic parameters. RESULTS Serum levels of zonulin (128.0±17.0 vs 130.9±14.0 ng/mL, p=0.13) and FABP2 (1.5±0.9 vs 1.5±0.7 ng/mL, p=0.63) and urinary levels of indican (9.5±5.5 vs 8.4±4.2 mg/dL, p=0.07) were comparable in women with PCOS and controls in the whole study population. Likewise, when the study population was divided into different BMI groups as normal weight, overweight and obese, the levels of the above markers were comparable between the study groups. After BMI adjustment, zonulin levels correlated with the levels of high-sensitivity C reactive protein and homoeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (p<0.05) both in women with PCOS and controls. CONCLUSIONS Intestinal permeability markers zonulin and FABP2, and the dysbiosis marker indican do not seem to be altered in women with PCOS at age 46 compared with BMI-matched controls. Serum zonulin levels correlated with BMI, insulin resistance and inflammatory marker levels, but did not segregate women with PCOS and controls. This suggests that metabolic factors, but not PCOS per se, is the driving force of dysbiosis in premenopausal women with PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilpa Lingaiah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Riikka K Arffman
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Laure Morin-Papunen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Juha S Tapanainen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Terhi Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Centre, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
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Guo L, Xiao P, Zhang X, Yang Y, Yang M, Wang T, Lu H, Tian H, Wang H, Liu J. Inulin ameliorates schizophrenia via modulation of the gut microbiota and anti-inflammation in mice. Food Funct 2021; 12:1156-1175. [PMID: 33432310 DOI: 10.1039/d0fo02778b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The microbiome-gut-brain (MGB) axis, which regulates neurological and cognitive functions, plays an essential role in schizophrenia (SCZ) progression. Dietary inulin could be a novel strategy for the treatment of SCZ due to its modulating effects on the gut microbiota. In this study, the effects of inulin on mice with SCZ were studied. As indicated by the behavioural tests, expression of neurotransmitters, inflammatory indicators, and brain morphology, inulin administration ameliorated aberrant behaviours (locomotor hypoactivity, anxiety disorders and depressive behaviours, and impaired learning and spatial recognition memory) and effectively reduced neuroinflammation and neuronal damage. In addition, inulin improved intestinal integrity and permeability, as indicated by the elevated expression of tight junction proteins (p < 0.05). The results of 16S rRNA sequencing and analysis showed that inulin increased the abundance of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium, which were negatively correlated with 5-hydroxytryptamine and inflammatory cytokines and positively correlated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). Inulin caused a reduction in Akkermansia that was positively correlated with inflammatory cytokines and negatively correlated with BDNF. These results suggested that dietary inulin modulated the gut microbiota and exerted anti-inflammatory effects in mice though the MGB axis, which further ameliorated SCZ. Therefore, the results of this study provide a potential explanation for inulin intervention in the treatment of SCZ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Guo
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Peilun Xiao
- Department of Anatomy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261042, Shandong, China.
| | - Xiaoxia Zhang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Yang Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Miao Yang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Haixia Lu
- Clinical Medical College, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Hongyan Tian
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
| | - Juan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, Ningxia, China.
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