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Ishimoto T, Arakawa Y, Vural S, Stöhr J, Vollmer S, Galinski A, Siewert K, Rühl G, Poluektov Y, Delcommenne M, Horvath O, He M, Summer B, Pohl R, Alharbi R, Dornmair K, Arakawa A, Prinz JC. Multiple environmental antigens may trigger autoimmunity in psoriasis through T-cell receptor polyspecificity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1374581. [PMID: 38524140 PMCID: PMC10958380 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1374581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Psoriasis is a T-cell mediated autoimmune skin disease. HLA-C*06:02 is the main psoriasis-specific risk gene. Using a Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 T-cell receptor (TCR) from a lesional psoriatic CD8+ T-cell clone we had discovered that, as an underlying pathomechanism, HLA-C*06:02 mediates an autoimmune response against melanocytes in psoriasis, and we had identified an epitope from ADAMTS-like protein 5 (ADAMTSL5) as a melanocyte autoantigen. The conditions activating the psoriatic autoimmune response in genetically predisposed individuals throughout life remain incompletely understood. Here, we aimed to identify environmental antigens that might trigger autoimmunity in psoriasis because of TCR polyspecificity. Methods We screened databases with the peptide recognition motif of the Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 TCR for environmental proteins containing peptides activating this TCR. We investigated the immunogenicity of these peptides for psoriasis patients and healthy controls by lymphocyte stimulation experiments and peptide-loaded HLA-C*06:02 tetramers. Results We identified peptides from wheat, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, microbiota, tobacco, and pathogens that activated both the Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 TCR and CD8+ T cells from psoriasis patients. Using fluorescent HLA-C*06:02 tetramers loaded with ADAMTSL5 or wheat peptides, we find that the same CD8+ T cells may recognize both autoantigen and environmental antigens. A wheat-free diet could alleviate psoriasis in several patients. Discussion Our results show that due to TCR polyspecificity, several environmental antigens corresponding to previously suspected psoriasis risk conditions converge in the reactivity of a pathogenic psoriatic TCR and might thus be able to stimulate the psoriatic autoimmune response against melanocytes. Avoiding the corresponding environmental risk factors could contribute to the management of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatsushi Ishimoto
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Yukiyasu Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Secil Vural
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Julia Stöhr
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sigrid Vollmer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Adrian Galinski
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Katherina Siewert
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Geraldine Rühl
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Orsolya Horvath
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Mengwen He
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Burkhard Summer
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Ralf Pohl
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Rehab Alharbi
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Klaus Dornmair
- Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Akiko Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Jörg C. Prinz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy, University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilian-University Munich, Munich, Germany
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2
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Dand N, Stuart PE, Bowes J, Ellinghaus D, Nititham J, Saklatvala JR, Teder-Laving M, Thomas LF, Traks T, Uebe S, Assmann G, Baudry D, Behrens F, Billi AC, Brown MA, Burkhardt H, Capon F, Chung R, Curtis CJ, Duckworth M, Ellinghaus E, FitzGerald O, Gerdes S, Griffiths CEM, Gulliver S, Helliwell P, Ho P, Hoffmann P, Holmen OL, Huang ZM, Hveem K, Jadon D, Köhm M, Kraus C, Lamacchia C, Lee SH, Ma F, Mahil SK, McHugh N, McManus R, Modalsli EH, Nissen MJ, Nöthen M, Oji V, Oksenberg JR, Patrick MT, Perez-White BE, Ramming A, Rech J, Rosen C, Sarkar MK, Schett G, Schmidt B, Tejasvi T, Traupe H, Voorhees JJ, Wacker EM, Warren RB, Wasikowski R, Weidinger S, Wen X, Zhang Z, Barton A, Chandran V, Esko T, Foerster J, Franke A, Gladman DD, Gudjonsson JE, Gulliver W, Hüffmeier U, Kingo K, Kõks S, Liao W, Løset M, Mägi R, Nair RP, Rahman P, Reis A, Smith CH, Di Meglio P, Barker JN, Tsoi LC, Simpson MA, Elder JT. GWAS meta-analysis of psoriasis identifies new susceptibility alleles impacting disease mechanisms and therapeutic targets. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.10.04.23296543. [PMID: 37873414 PMCID: PMC10593001 DOI: 10.1101/2023.10.04.23296543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common, debilitating immune-mediated skin disease. Genetic studies have identified biological mechanisms of psoriasis risk, including those targeted by effective therapies. However, the genetic liability to psoriasis is not fully explained by variation at robustly identified risk loci. To move towards a saturation map of psoriasis susceptibility we meta-analysed 18 GWAS comprising 36,466 cases and 458,078 controls and identified 109 distinct psoriasis susceptibility loci, including 45 that have not been previously reported. These include susceptibility variants at loci in which the therapeutic targets IL17RA and AHR are encoded, and deleterious coding variants supporting potential new drug targets (including in STAP2, CPVL and POU2F3). We conducted a transcriptome-wide association study to identify regulatory effects of psoriasis susceptibility variants and cross-referenced these against single cell expression profiles in psoriasis-affected skin, highlighting roles for the transcriptional regulation of haematopoietic cell development and epigenetic modulation of interferon signalling in psoriasis pathobiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Dand
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Health Data Research UK, London, UK
| | - Philip E Stuart
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - John Bowes
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Joanne Nititham
- Deparment of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Jake R Saklatvala
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Laurent F Thomas
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- BioCore - Bioinformatics Core Facility, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Clinic of Laboratory Medicine, St.Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Tanel Traks
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Steffen Uebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gunter Assmann
- RUB University Hospital JWK Minden, Department of Rheumatology, Minden, Germany
- Jose-Carreras Centrum for Immuno- and Gene Therapy, University of Saarland Medical School, Homburg, Germany
| | - David Baudry
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Frank Behrens
- Division of Translational Rheumatology, Immunology - Inflammation Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-mediated Diseases CIMD, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Allison C Billi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Matthew A Brown
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Genomics England, Canary Wharf, London, UK
| | - Harald Burkhardt
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-mediated Diseases CIMD, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Francesca Capon
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Raymond Chung
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Charles J Curtis
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Michael Duckworth
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Eva Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Oliver FitzGerald
- UCD School of Medicine and Medical Sciences and Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sascha Gerdes
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Christopher E M Griffiths
- Centre for Dermatology Research, University of Manchester, NIHR Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- Department of Dermatology, King's College Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Philip Helliwell
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Leeds Biomedical Research Centre, Leeds Teaching Hospitals Trust, UK
- Leeds Institute of Rheumatic and Musculoskeletal Disease, University of Leeds, UK
| | - Pauline Ho
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Oddgeir L Holmen
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Zhi-Ming Huang
- Deparment of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Kristian Hveem
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Levanger, Norway
- Levanger Hospital, Nord-Trøndelag Hospital Trust, Levanger, Norway
| | - Deepak Jadon
- Department of Medicine, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Michaela Köhm
- Division of Translational Rheumatology, Immunology - Inflammation Medicine, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Institute for Translational Medicine and Pharmacology ITMP, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Fraunhofer Cluster of Excellence Immune-mediated Diseases CIMD, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Division of Rheumatology, University Hospital, Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Cornelia Kraus
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Céline Lamacchia
- Division of Rheumatology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sang Hyuck Lee
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, Camberwell, London, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Centre, South London and Maudsley Hospital, London, UK
| | - Feiyang Ma
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Satveer K Mahil
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Neil McHugh
- Royal National Hospital for Rheumatic Diseases and Dept Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, UK
| | - Ross McManus
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Ellen H Modalsli
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Dermatology, Clinic of Orthopedy, Rheumatology and Dermatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Michael J Nissen
- Division of Rheumatology, Geneva University Hospital, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Markus Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, School of Medicine & University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Vinzenz Oji
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Jorge R Oksenberg
- Weill Institute for Neurosciences, Department of Neurology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Matthew T Patrick
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Andreas Ramming
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Rech
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Cheryl Rosen
- Division of Dermatology, Toronto Western Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Mrinal K Sarkar
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Internal Medicine 3, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Ulmenweg 18, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
- Deutsches Zentrum Immuntherapie (DZI), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Börge Schmidt
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Trilokraj Tejasvi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Heiko Traupe
- Department of Dermatology, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Eike Matthias Wacker
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Richard B Warren
- Division of Musculoskeletal and Dermatological Sciences, School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, UK
- Centre for Dermatology Research, Salford Royal Hospital, Northern Care Alliance NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, M6 8HD, UK
| | - Rachael Wasikowski
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Xiaoquan Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Zhaolin Zhang
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Anne Barton
- Centre for Genetics and Genomics Versus Arthritis, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Manchester Biomedical Research Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
- The Kellgren Centre for Rheumatology, Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, and Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - John Foerster
- College of Medicine, Dentistry, and Nursing, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Schroeder Arthritis Institute, Krembil Research Institute, and Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network and University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Wayne Gulliver
- Newlab Clinical Research Inc, St. John's, NL, Canada
- Department of Dermatology, Discipline of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - Ulrike Hüffmeier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Külli Kingo
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Molecular Medicine and Innovative Therapeutics, Health Futures Institute, Murdoch University, Perth, WA 6150, Australia
| | - Wilson Liao
- Deparment of Dermatology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Mari Løset
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU - Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Dermatology, Clinic of Orthopedy, Rheumatology and Dermatology, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Reedik Mägi
- Estonian Genome Centre, Institute of Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Rajan P Nair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Proton Rahman
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Catherine H Smith
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Paola Di Meglio
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan N Barker
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' National Health Service (NHS) Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Computational Medicine and Bioinformatics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Department of Medical & Molecular Genetics, School of Basic & Medical Biosciences, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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Efanova E, Bushueva O, Saranyuk R, Surovtseva A, Churnosov M, Solodilova M, Polonikov A. Polymorphisms of the GCLC Gene Are Novel Genetic Markers for Susceptibility to Psoriasis Associated with Alcohol Abuse and Cigarette Smoking. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:1316. [PMID: 37374099 DOI: 10.3390/life13061316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Revised: 05/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this pilot study was to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the gene encoding the catalytic subunit of glutamate cysteine ligase (GCLC) are associated with the risk and clinical features of psoriasis. A total of 944 unrelated individuals, including 474 patients with a diagnosis of psoriasis and 470 healthy controls, were recruited for the study. Six common SNPs in the GCLC gene were genotyped using the MassArray-4 system. Polymorphisms rs648595 (OR = 0.56, 95% CI 0.35-0.90; Pperm = 0.017) and rs2397147 (OR = 0.54, 95% CI 0.30-0.98; Pperm = 0.05) were associated with susceptibility to psoriasis in males. In the male group, diplotype rs2397147-C/C × rs17883901-G/G was associated with a decreased risk of psoriasis (FDR-adjusted p = 0.014), whereas diplotype rs6933870-G/G × rs17883901-G/G (FDR-adjusted p = 0.045) showed an association with an increased disease risk in females. The joint effects of SNPs with tobacco smoking (rs648595 and rs17883901) and alcohol abuse (rs648595 and rs542914) on psoriasis risk were observed (Pperm ≤ 0.05). We also found multiple sex-independent associations between GCLC gene polymorphisms and various clinical features such as earlier disease onset, the psoriatic triad, and specific localizations of skin lesions. The present study is the first to show that polymorphisms of the GCLC gene are significantly associated with the risk of psoriasis and related to its clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Efanova
- Medvenka Central District Hospital, 68 Sovetskaya Street, 307030 Kursk, Russia
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Olga Bushueva
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Roman Saranyuk
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Center for Medical Examinations and Prevention, 2 Leninsky Komsomol Avenue, 305026 Kursk, Russia
| | - Anna Surovtseva
- Laboratory of Genomic Research, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Mikhail Churnosov
- Department of Medical Biological Disciplines, Belgorod State University, 85 Pobedy Street, 308015 Belgorod, Russia
| | - Maria Solodilova
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
| | - Alexey Polonikov
- Department of Biology, Medical Genetics and Ecology, Kursk State Medical University, 3 Karl Marx Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
- Laboratory of Statistical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Research Institute for Genetic and Molecular Epidemiology, Kursk State Medical University, 18 Yamskaya Street, 305041 Kursk, Russia
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Choy CT, Chan UK, Siu PLK, Zhou J, Wong CH, Lee YW, Chan HW, Tsui JCC, Loo SKF, Tsui SKW. A Novel E3 Probiotics Formula Restored Gut Dysbiosis and Remodelled Gut Microbial Network and Microbiome Dysbiosis Index (MDI) in Southern Chinese Adult Psoriasis Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24076571. [PMID: 37047542 PMCID: PMC10094986 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24076571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common chronic immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease with the association of various comorbidities. Despite the introduction of highly effective biologic therapies over the past few decades, the exact trigger for an immune reaction in psoriasis is unclear. With the majority of immune cells residing in the gut, the effect of gut microbiome dysbiosis goes beyond the gastrointestinal site and may exacerbate inflammation and regulate the immune system elsewhere, including but not limited to the skin via the gut-skin axis. In order to delineate the role of the gut microbiome in Southern Chinese psoriasis patients, we performed targeted 16S rRNA sequencing and comprehensive bioinformatic analysis to compare the gut microbiome profile of 58 psoriasis patients against 49 healthy local subjects presumably with similar lifestyles. Blautia wexlerae and Parabacteroides distasonis were found to be enriched in psoriasis patients and in some of the healthy subjects, respectively. Metabolic functional pathways were predicted to be differentially abundant, with a clear shift toward SCFA synthesis in healthy subjects. The alteration of the co-occurrence network was also evident in the psoriasis group. In addition, we also profiled the gut microbiome in 52 of the 58 recruited psoriasis patients after taking 8 weeks of an orally administrated novel E3 probiotics formula (with prebiotics, probiotics and postbiotics). The Dermatological Life Quality Index (p = 0.009) and Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (p < 0.001) were significantly improved after taking 8 weeks of probiotics with no adverse effect observed. We showed that probiotics could at least partly restore gut dysbiosis via the modulation of the gut microbiome. Here, we also report the potential application of a machine learning-derived gut dysbiosis index based on a quantitative PCR panel (AUC = 0.88) to monitor gut dysbiosis in psoriasis patients. To sum up, our study suggests the gut microbial landscape differed in psoriasis patients at the genera, species, functional and network levels. Additionally, the dysbiosis index could be a cost-effective and rapid tool to monitor probiotics use in psoriasis patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Tung Choy
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Un Kei Chan
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Pui Ling Kella Siu
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Junwei Zhou
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Chi Ho Wong
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuk Wai Lee
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | - Ho Wang Chan
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
| | | | - Steven King Fan Loo
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Institute of Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Dermatology Centre, CUHK Medical Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Stephen Kwok Wing Tsui
- Microbiome Research Centre, BioMed Laboratory Company Limited, Hong Kong, China
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Centre for Microbial Genomics and Proteomics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
- Hong Kong Bioinformatics Centre, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
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5
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Nakamura K, Arakawa Y, Masuda K, Arita T, Katoh N, Asai J. Exacerbation of psoriatic arthritis due to topical imiquimod therapy. Int J Dermatol 2023; 62:e156-e158. [PMID: 35834655 DOI: 10.1111/ijd.16360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Nakamura
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Arakawa
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Koji Masuda
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Takahiro Arita
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norito Katoh
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jun Asai
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
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6
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Huang YH, Chiou MJ, Yang SF, Kuo CF. The effect of paternal psoriasis on neonatal outcomes: a nationwide population-based study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1172274. [PMID: 37138890 PMCID: PMC10149987 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1172274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune disease involving both environmental and genetic risk factors. Maternal psoriasis often results in poor pregnancies that influence both mothers and newborns. However, the influence of paternal psoriasis on the newborn remains unknown. The aim of this study was to investigate whether paternal psoriasis is associated with increased risk of adverse neonatal outcomes, within a nationwide population-based data setting. Methods Singleton pregnancies were identified in the Taiwan National Health Insurance database and National Birth Registry between 2004-2011 and classified into four study groups according to whether mothers and spouses had psoriasis (paternal(-)/maternal(-), paternal(+)/maternal(-), paternal(-)/maternal(+), and paternal(+)/maternal(+)). Data were analyzed retrospectively. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) or hazard ratios (aHR) were calculated to evaluate the risk of neonatal outcomes between groups. Results A total of 1,498,892 singleton pregnancies were recruited. Newborns of fathers with psoriasis but not of mothers with psoriasis were associated with an aHR (95% CI) of 3.69 (1.65-8.26) for psoriasis, 1.13 (1.06-1.21) for atopic dermatitis and 1.05 (1.01-1.10) for allergic rhinitis. Newborns of mothers with psoriasis but not of fathers with psoriasis were associated with an aOR (95% CI) of 1.26 (1.12-1.43) for low birth weight (<2500 g) and 1.64 (1.10-2.43) for low Apgar scores, and an aHR of 5.70 (2.71-11.99) for psoriasis. Conclusion Newborns of fathers with psoriasis are associated with significantly higher risk of developing atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis and psoriasis. Caution is advised for adverse neonatal outcomes when either or both parents have psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Huei Huang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Dermatology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Jiun Chiou
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
| | - Shun-Fa Yang
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chang-Fu Kuo
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan
- *Correspondence: Chang-Fu Kuo,
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7
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Babaie F, Omraninava M, Gorabi AM, Khosrojerdi A, Aslani S, Yazdchi A, Torkamandi S, Mikaeili H, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. Etiopathogenesis of Psoriasis from Genetic Perspective: An updated Review. Curr Genomics 2022; 23:163-174. [PMID: 36777004 PMCID: PMC9878828 DOI: 10.2174/1389202923666220527111037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an organ-specific autoimmune disease characterized by the aberrant proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, leading to skin lesions. Abnormal immune responses mediated by T cells and dendritic cells and increased production of inflammatory cytokines have been suggested as underlying mechanisms in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Emerging evidence suggests that there is a heritable basis for psoriatic disorders. Moreover, numerous gene variations have been associated with the disease risk, particularly those in innate and adaptive immune responses and antigen presentation pathways. Herein, this article discusses the genetic implications of psoriatic diseases' etiopathogenesis to develop novel investigative and management options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Babaie
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran;,Department of Medical Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran
| | - Melodi Omraninava
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Armita Mahdavi Gorabi
- Research Center for Advanced Technologies in Cardiovascular Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arezou Khosrojerdi
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Aslani
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Arsalan Yazdchi
- Student Research Committee, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Torkamandi
- Department of Medical Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran;,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Iran; E-mail: ; Department of Medical Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; E-mail: and Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; E-mail:
| | - Haleh Mikaeili
- Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran;,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Iran; E-mail: ; Department of Medical Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; E-mail: and Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; E-mail:
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;,Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran;,Department of Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Western Australia, Mashhad, Iran,Address correspondence to these authors at the Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran, P.O. Box: 91779-48564, Iran; E-mail: ; Department of Medical Genetics and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Urmia University of Medical Sciences, Urmia, Iran; E-mail: and Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran; E-mail:
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8
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Mohd Noor AA, Azlan M, Mohd Redzwan N. Orchestrated Cytokines Mediated by Biologics in Psoriasis and Its Mechanisms of Action. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10020498. [PMID: 35203707 PMCID: PMC8962336 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an autoimmune disease mediated by disturbed T cells and other immune cells, and is defined by deep-red, well-demarcated skin lesions. Due to its varied etiologies and indefinite standard pathogenesis, it is challenging to consider the right treatment exclusively for each psoriasis patient; thus, researchers yearn to seek even more precise treatments other than topical treatment and systemic therapy. Using biologics to target specific immune components, such as upregulated cytokines secreted by activated immune cells, is the most advanced therapy for psoriasis to date. By inhibiting the appropriate pro-inflammatory cytokines, cellular signaling can be altered and, thus, can inhibit further downstream inflammatory pathways. Herein, the roles of cytokines with their mechanisms of action in progressing psoriasis and how the usage of biologics alleviates cellular inflammation are discussed. In addition, other potential pro-inflammatory cytokines, with their mechanism of action, are presented herein. The authors hope that this gathered information may benefit future research in expanding the discovery of targeted psoriasis therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aina Akmal Mohd Noor
- Immunology Department, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Maryam Azlan
- School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Norhanani Mohd Redzwan
- Immunology Department, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +60-9767-6130
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9
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Müller TD, Blüher M, Tschöp MH, DiMarchi RD. Anti-obesity drug discovery: advances and challenges. Nat Rev Drug Discov 2022; 21:201-223. [PMID: 34815532 PMCID: PMC8609996 DOI: 10.1038/s41573-021-00337-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 285] [Impact Index Per Article: 142.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Enormous progress has been made in the last half-century in the management of diseases closely integrated with excess body weight, such as hypertension, adult-onset diabetes and elevated cholesterol. However, the treatment of obesity itself has proven largely resistant to therapy, with anti-obesity medications (AOMs) often delivering insufficient efficacy and dubious safety. Here, we provide an overview of the history of AOM development, focusing on lessons learned and ongoing obstacles. Recent advances, including increased understanding of the molecular gut-brain communication, are inspiring the pursuit of next-generation AOMs that appear capable of safely achieving sizeable and sustained body weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Timo D. Müller
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Diabetes Center, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany ,grid.452622.5German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Matthias Blüher
- grid.411339.d0000 0000 8517 9062Helmholtz Institute for Metabolic, Obesity and Vascular Research (HI-MAG) of the Helmholtz Zentrum München at the University of Leipzig and University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matthias H. Tschöp
- grid.4567.00000 0004 0483 2525Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany ,grid.6936.a0000000123222966Division of Metabolic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Richard D. DiMarchi
- grid.411377.70000 0001 0790 959XDepartment of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN USA
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10
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Orsmond A, Bereza-Malcolm L, Lynch T, March L, Xue M. Skin Barrier Dysregulation in Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:10841. [PMID: 34639182 PMCID: PMC8509518 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The skin barrier is broadly composed of two elements-a physical barrier mostly localised in the epidermis, and an immune barrier localised in both the dermis and epidermis. These two systems interact cooperatively to maintain skin homeostasis and overall human health. However, if dysregulated, several skin diseases may arise. Psoriasis is one of the most prevalent skin diseases associated with disrupted barrier function. It is characterised by the formation of psoriatic lesions, the aberrant differentiation and proliferation of keratinocytes, and excessive inflammation. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries in disease pathogenesis, including the contribution of keratinocytes, immune cells, genetic and environmental factors, and how they advance current and future treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Orsmond
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (A.O.); (L.B.-M.)
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Lara Bereza-Malcolm
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (A.O.); (L.B.-M.)
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Tom Lynch
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Lyn March
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
| | - Meilang Xue
- Sutton Arthritis Research Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (A.O.); (L.B.-M.)
- The Australian Arthritis and Autoimmune Biobank Collaborative (A3BC), Faculty of Medicine and Health, Institute of Bone and Joint Research, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney at Royal North Shore Hospital, St Leonards, NSW 2065, Australia; (T.L.); (L.M.)
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11
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Hedin CRH, Sonkoly E, Eberhardson M, Ståhle M. Inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis: modernizing the multidisciplinary approach. J Intern Med 2021; 290:257-278. [PMID: 33942408 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are immune-mediated diseases occurring in barrier organs whose main task is to protect the organism from attack. These disorders are highly prevalent especially in northern Europe where psoriasis has a prevalence of around 3-4% and IBD around 0.3%. The prevalence of IBD in North America has been estimated at around 0.4%. The total incidence rates in northern Europe have been estimated at around 6 for Crohn's disease and 11 for ulcerative colitis per 100 000 person-years, compared with an incidence rate of around 280 per 100 000 person-years for psoriasis. Both diseases are less common in countries with a lower index of development. The rise in IBD appears to occur as populations adopt a westernized lifestyle, whereas psoriasis seems more stable and prevalence differences may derive more from variation in genetic susceptibility. The gut microbiota is clearly an important driver of IBD pathogenesis; in psoriasis, changes in gut and skin microbiota have been reported, but it is less clear whether and how these changes contribute to the pathogenesis. Large studies show that most identified genes are involved in the immune system. However, psoriasis and IBD are highly heterogeneous diseases and there is a need for more precise and deeper phenotyping to identify specific subgroups and their genetic, epigenetic and molecular signatures. Epigenetic modifications of DNA such as histone modifications, noncoding RNA effects on transcription and translation and DNA methylation are increasingly recognized as the mechanism underpinning much of the gene-environment interaction in the pathogenesis of both IBD and psoriasis. Our understanding of underlying pathogenetic mechanisms has deepened fundamentally over the past decades developing hand in hand with novel therapies targeting pathways and proinflammatory cytokines incriminated in disease. There is not only substantial overlap between psoriasis and IBD, but also there are differences with implication for therapy. In psoriasis, drugs targeting interleukin-23 and interleukin-17 have shown superior efficacy compared with anti-TNFs, whilst in IBD, drugs targeting interleukin-17 may be less beneficial. The therapeutic toolbox for psoriasis is impressive and is enlarging also for IBD. Still, there are unmet needs reflecting the heterogeneity of both diseases and there is a need for closer molecular diagnostics to allow for the development of precise therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- C R H Hedin
- From the, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Gastroenterology, Medical Unit Gastroenterology, Dermatovenereology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Sonkoly
- From the, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Dermatology, Medical Unit Gastroenterology, Dermatovenereology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Eberhardson
- From the, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital in Linkoping, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - M Ståhle
- From the, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Stockholm, Sweden.,Division of Dermatology, Medical Unit Gastroenterology, Dermatovenereology and Rheumatology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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12
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Visser MJE, Tarr G, Pretorius E. Thrombosis in Psoriasis: Cutaneous Cytokine Production as a Potential Driving Force of Haemostatic Dysregulation and Subsequent Cardiovascular Risk. Front Immunol 2021; 12:688861. [PMID: 34335591 PMCID: PMC8324086 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.688861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis (PsO) is a common T cell-mediated inflammatory disorder of the skin with an estimated prevalence of 2%. The condition manifests most commonly as erythematous plaques covered with scales. The aetiology of PsO is multifactorial and disease initiation involves interactions between environmental factors, susceptibility genes, and innate and adaptive immune responses. The underlying pathology is mainly driven by interleukin-17. In addition, various inflammatory mediators from specific T helper (TH) cell subsets, namely TH1, TH17, and TH22, are overexpressed in cutaneous lesions and may also be detected in the peripheral blood of psoriatic patients. Moreover, these individuals are also at greater risk, compared to the general population, of developing multiple comorbid conditions. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been recognised as a prominent comorbidity of PsO. A potential mechanism contributing to this association may be the presence of a hypercoagulable state in these individuals. Inflammation and coagulation are closely related. The presence of chronic, low-grade systemic inflammation may promote thrombosis – one of the major determinants of CVD. A pro-inflammatory milieu may induce the expression of tissue factor, augment platelet activity, and perturb the vascular endothelium. Altogether, these changes will result in a prothrombotic state. In this review, we describe the aetiology of PsO, as well as the pathophysiology of the condition. We also consider its relationship to CVD. Given the systemic inflammatory nature of PsO, we evaluate the potential contribution of prominent inflammatory mediators (implicated in PsO pathogenesis) to establishing a prothrombotic state in psoriatic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria J E Visser
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Gareth Tarr
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,Division of Rheumatology, Institute of Orthopaedics and Rheumatology, Winelands Mediclinic Orthopaedic Hospital, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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13
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Abstract
The skin is an ecosystem composed of specialized cell types that work together to serve as a physical protective barrier. Single-cell resolution is therefore essential to deconvolve skin's heterogeneity by identifying novel, distinct cell subsets in health and disease. Single-cell RNA sequencing is a highly meticulous methodology used to study the distinct transcriptional profiles of each cell within large tissue libraries at uniquely high resolution. The investigative capabilities achieved by this methodology allow previously unattainable analyses, including identification of rare cell populations, evaluation of cell-to-cell variation, and the ability to track trajectories of distinct cell lineages through development. In the past decade, application of transcriptomic analysis to skin biology and dermatology has greatly advanced understanding of homeostatic physiology in the skin, as well as a multitude of dermatologic diseases. Single-cell RNA sequencing offers tremendous promise for identification of novel therapeutic targets in dermatologic diseases, with broad implications of improving therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alana Deutsch
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Beth N. McLellan
- Division of Dermatology, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
| | - Kosaku Shinoda
- Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York
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14
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Pathogenesis of psoriasis in the "omic" era. Part IV. Epidemiology, genetics, immunopathogenesis, clinical manifestation and treatment of psoriatic arthritis. Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2020; 37:625-634. [PMID: 33239999 PMCID: PMC7675087 DOI: 10.5114/ada.2020.100478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic, progressive, inflammatory arthropathy associated with psoriasis as well as a complex pathogenesis. Genetic and environmental factors trigger the development of the immune-mediated auto-inflammatory response in different sites: skin, bone marrow, entheses and synovial tissues. Studies of the last two decades have changed the view of PsA from a mild, non-progressive arthritis to an inflammatory systemic disease with serious health consequences, not only associated with joint dysfunction, but also with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease and socioeconomic consequences with significantly reduced quality of life. The joint damage starts early in the course of the disease, thus early recognition and treatment with modern biological treatments, which may modify the natural history and slow down progression of this debilitating disease, is essential for the patient long-term outcome.
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15
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Two Variants in the NOTCH4 and HLA-C Genes Contribute to Familial Clustering of Psoriasis. Int J Genomics 2020; 2020:6907378. [PMID: 33134369 PMCID: PMC7593743 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6907378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a multifactorial immune-mediated skin disease with a strong genetic background. Previous studies reported that psoriasis with a family history (PFH) and sporadic psoriasis (SP) have a distinct manifestation and genetic predisposition. However, the genetic heterogeneity of PFH and SP in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) region has not been fully elucidated. To explore genetic variants in the MHC region that drive family aggregation of psoriasis, we included a total of 8,127 psoriasis cases and 9,906 healthy controls from Han Chinese and divided psoriasis into two subtypes, PFH (n = 1,538) and SP (n = 5,262). Then, we calculated the heritability of PFH and SP and performed a large-scale stratified association analysis. We confirmed that variants in the MHC region collectively explained a higher heritability of PFH (16.8%) than SP (13.3%). Further stratified association analysis illustrated that HLA-C∗06:02 and NOTCH4:G511S contribute to the family aggregation of psoriasis, and BTNL2:R281K specifically confers risk for SP. HLA-C∗06:02 and NOTCH4:G511S could partially explain why patients with PFH have a stronger genetic predisposition, more complex phenotypes, and more frequent other autoimmune diseases. The identification of the SP-specific variant BTNL2:R281K revealed that the genetic architecture of SP is not just a subset of PFH.
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16
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Nakao M, Miyagaki T, Sugaya M, Sato S. Exacerbated Imiquimod-Induced Psoriasis-Like Skin Inflammation in IRF5-Deficient Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103681. [PMID: 32456211 PMCID: PMC7279463 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Interferon regulatory factors (IRFs) play diverse roles in the regulation of the innate and adaptive immune responses in various diseases. In psoriasis, IRF2 is known to be involved in pathogenesis, while studies on other IRFs are limited. In this study, we investigated the role of IRF5 in psoriasis using imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like dermatitis. Although IRF5 is known to play a critical role in the induction of proinflammatory cytokines by immune cells, such as dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages, and monocytes, IRF5 deficiency unexpectedly exacerbated psoriasiform skin inflammation. The interferon-α and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA expression levels were decreased, while levels of Th17 cytokines including IL-17, IL-22, and IL-23 were increased in IRF5-deficient mice. Furthermore, IL-23 expression in DCs from IRF5-deficient mice was upregulated both in steady state and after toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist stimulation. Importantly, the expression of IRF4, which is also important for the IL-23 production in DCs, was augmented in DCs from IRF5-deficient mice. Taken together, our results suggest that IRF5 deficiency induces the upregulation of IRF4 in DCs followed by augmented IL-23 production, resulting in the amplification of Th17 responses and the exacerbation of imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. The regulation of IRF4 or IRF5 expression may be a novel therapeutic approach to psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Momoko Nakao
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.N.); (M.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Tomomitsu Miyagaki
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.N.); (M.S.); (S.S.)
- Department of Dermatology, St. Marianna University School of Medicine, Kanagawa 216-8511, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-44-977-8111; Fax.: +81-44-977-3540
| | - Makoto Sugaya
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.N.); (M.S.); (S.S.)
- Department of Dermatology, International University of Health and Welfare, Chiba 286-0124, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, the University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan; (M.N.); (M.S.); (S.S.)
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Li J, Lin H, Hou R, Shen J, Li X, Xing J, He F, Wu X, Zhao X, Sun L, Fan X, Niu X, Liu Y, Liu R, An P, Qu T, Chang W, Wang Q, Zhou L, Li J, Wang Z, Jiao J, Wang Y, Wang G, Liang N, Liang J, Liang Y, Hou H, Shi Y, Yang X, Li J, Dang E, Yin G, Yang X, Zhang G, Gao Q, Fang X, Li X, Zhang K. Multi-omics study in monozygotic twins confirm the contribution of de novo mutation to psoriasis. J Autoimmun 2019; 106:102349. [PMID: 31629629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2019.102349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 10/03/2019] [Accepted: 10/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genome-wide association studies have identified over 120 risk loci for psoriasis. However, most of the variations are located in non-coding region with high frequency and small effect size. Pathogenetic variants are rarely reported except HLA-C*0602 with the odds ratio being approximately 4.0 in Chinese population. Although rare variations still account for a small proportion of phenotypic variances in complex diseases, their effect on phenotypes is large. Recently, more and more studies focus on the low-frequency functional variants and have achieved a certain amount of success. METHOD Whole genome sequencing and sanger sequencing was performed on 8 MZ twin pairs discordant for psoriasis to scan and verified the de novo mutations (DNMs). Additionally, 665 individuals with about 20 years' medical history versus 2054 healthy controls and two published large population studies which had about 8 years' medical history (including 10,727 cases versus 10,582 controls) were applied to validate the enrichment of rare damaging mutations in two DNMs genes. Besides, to verify the pathogenicity of candidate DNM in C3, RNA-sequencing for CD4+, CD8+ T cells of twins and lesion, non-lesion skin of psoriasis patients were carried out. Meanwhile, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit was used to detect the level of C3, C3b in the supernatant of peripheral blood. RESULT A total of 27 DNMs between co-twins were identified. We found six of eight twins carry HLA-C∗0602 allele which have large effects on psoriasis. And it is interesting that a missense mutation in SPRED1 and a splice region mutation in C3 are found in the psoriasis individuals in the other two MZ twin pairs without carrying HLA-C*0602 allele. In the replication stage, we found 2 loss-of-function (LOF) variants of C3 only in 665 cases with about 20 years' medical history and gene-wise analysis in 665 cases and 2054 controls showed that the rare missense mutations in C3 were enriched in cases (OR = 1.91, P = 0.0028). We further scanned the LOF mutations of C3 in two published studies (about 8 years' medical history), and found one LOF mutation in the case without carrying HLA-C*0602. In the individual with DNM in C3, RNA sequencing showed the expression level of C3 in skin was significant higher than healthy samples in public database (TPM fold change = 1.40, P = 0.000181) and ELISA showed protein C3 in peripheral blood was higher (~2.2-fold difference) than the other samples of twins without DNM in C3. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that DNM in C3 is the likely pathological mutations, and it provided a better understanding of the genetic etiology of psoriasis and additional treatments for this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqin Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Haoxiang Lin
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Ruixia Hou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Juan Shen
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Jianxiao Xing
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Fusheng He
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Xueli Wu
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Xincheng Zhao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Liangdan Sun
- Department of Dermatology at No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xing Fan
- Department of Dermatology at No. 1 Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
| | - Xuping Niu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Yanmin Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Ruifeng Liu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Peng An
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Tong Qu
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Wenjuan Chang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Qiang Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Ling Zhou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Jiao Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Ziyuan Wang
- Shanxi Medical University, No. 56 Xinjian South Road, Taiyuan, 030001, China.
| | - Juanjuan Jiao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Ying Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Gang Wang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 Changle Road West, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Nannan Liang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Jiannan Liang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Yanyang Liang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Hui Hou
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Yu Shi
- Department of Hematology, Oncology and Tumor Immunology Charité University Medicine Berlin, Campus Virchow Hospital, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Juan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Erle Dang
- Department of Dermatology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 Changle Road West, Xi'an, 710032, China.
| | - Guohua Yin
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Xukui Yang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Guiping Zhang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Qiang Gao
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Xiaodong Fang
- BGI Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
| | - Xinhua Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
| | - Kaiming Zhang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Stem Cells for Immunological Dermatosis, Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Center Hospital, No. 5 Dong San Dao Xiang, Jiefang Road, Taiyuan, 030009, China.
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18
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Ran D, Cai M, Zhang X. Genetics of psoriasis: a basis for precision medicine. PRECISION CLINICAL MEDICINE 2019; 2:120-130. [PMID: 35693758 PMCID: PMC9026189 DOI: 10.1093/pcmedi/pbz011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin disease with a background of polygenic inheritance.
Both environmental and genetic factors are involved in the etiology of the disease. In the
last two decades, numerous studies have been conducted through linkage analysis,
genome-wide association study (GWAS), and direct sequencing to explore the role of genetic
variation in disease pathogenesis and progression. To date, >80 psoriasis
susceptibility genes have been identified, including HLA-Cw6,
IL12B, IL23R, and LCE3B/3C. Some
genetic markers have been applied in disease prediction, clinical diagnosis, treatment,
and new drug development, which could further explain the pathogenesis of psoriasis and
promote the development of precision medicine. This review summarizes related research on
genetic variation in psoriasis and explores implications of the findings in clinical
application and the promotion of a personalized medicine project.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delin Ran
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Minglong Cai
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
| | - Xuejun Zhang
- Institute of Dermatology and Department of Dermatology of the First Affiliated Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Key Laboratory of Dermatology, Anhui Medical University, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China
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19
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Abstract
Research on psoriasis pathogenesis has largely increased knowledge on skin biology in general. In the past 15 years, breakthroughs in the understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis have been translated into targeted and highly effective therapies providing fundamental insights into the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory diseases with a dominant IL-23/Th17 axis. This review discusses the mechanisms involved in the initiation and development of the disease, as well as the therapeutic options that have arisen from the dissection of the inflammatory psoriatic pathways. Our discussion begins by addressing the inflammatory pathways and key cell types initiating and perpetuating psoriatic inflammation. Next, we describe the role of genetics, associated epigenetic mechanisms, and the interaction of the skin flora in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. Finally, we include a comprehensive review of well-established widely available therapies and novel targeted drugs.
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20
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Familial Aggregation of Psoriasis and Co-Aggregation of Autoimmune Diseases in Affected Families. J Clin Med 2019; 8:jcm8010115. [PMID: 30669308 PMCID: PMC6352137 DOI: 10.3390/jcm8010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Revised: 01/11/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is considered to result from the interaction of genetic factors and environmental exposure. The evidence for familial aggregation in psoriasis has been reported but population-based studies related to the magnitude of genetic contribution to psoriasis are rare. This study aimed to evaluate the relative risks of psoriasis in individuals with affected relatives and to calculate the proportion of genetic, shared, and non-shared environmental factors contributing to psoriasis. The study cohort included 69,828 patients diagnosed with psoriasis enrolled in National health Insurance in 2010. The adjusted relative risks (RR) for individuals with an affected first-degree relative and affected second-degree relative were 5.50 (95% CI (Confidence Interval), 5.19–5.82) and 2.54 (95% CI, 2.08–3.12) respectively. For those who have affected first-degree relatives, their RR was 1.45 (95% CI, 1.17–1.79) for Sjogren’s syndrome and 1.94 (95% CI, 1.15–3.27) for systemic sclerosis. This nationwide study ascertains that family history of psoriasis is a risk factor for psoriasis. Individuals with relatives affected by psoriasis have higher risks of developing some autoimmune diseases.
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21
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Shukla SK, Singh G, Ahmad S, Pant P. Infections, genetic and environmental factors in pathogenesis of autoimmune thyroid diseases. Microb Pathog 2018; 116:279-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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22
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Cafaro G, McInnes IB. Psoriatic arthritis: tissue-directed inflammation? Clin Rheumatol 2018; 37:859-868. [DOI: 10.1007/s10067-018-4012-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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23
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Kawaguchi M, Oka T, Sugaya M, Suga H, Kimura T, Morimura S, Fujita H, Sato S. IRF-2 haploinsufficiency causes enhanced imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. J Dermatol Sci 2018; 90:35-45. [PMID: 29305258 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2017.12.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUNDS IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-2 is one of the potential susceptibility genes for psoriasis, but how this gene influences psoriasis pathogenesis is unclear. Topical application of imiquimod (IMQ), a TLR7 ligand, induces psoriasis-like skin lesions in mice. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate whether IRF-2 gene status would influence severity of skin disease in IMQ-treated mice. METHODS Imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation was assessed by clinical findings, histology, and cytokine expression. The effects of imiquimod or IFN on peritoneal macrophages were analyzed in vitro. RESULTS IMQ-induced skin inflammation assessed by clinical findings and histology was more severe in IRF-2+/- mice than in wild-type mice. In inflamed skin, mRNA expression levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-12/23p40, IL-17A, and IL-22 were significantly elevated in IRF-2+/- mice compared to wild-type mice. Stimulation of peritoneal macrophages by IMQ significantly increased mRNA levels of TNF-α, IL-12/23p40, IL-23p19, IL-12p35, and IL-36. Interestingly, macrophages from IRF-2+/- mice expressed higher levels of TNF-α, IL-12/23p40, and IL-36 compared to those from wild-type mice 24 h after stimulation, while they expressed similar levels of IL-12p35 and IL-23p19. Moreover, elevated mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase was observed only in IMQ-stimulated macrophages derived from IRF-2+/- mice, which correlated with angiogenesis in IMQ-treated ears of IRF-2+/- mice. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that IRF-2 haploinsufficiency creates heightened biologic responses to IFN-α that phenotypically lead to enhanced angiogenesis and psoriasis-like inflammation within skin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makiko Kawaguchi
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tomonori Oka
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Makoto Sugaya
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Hiraku Suga
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kimura
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Sohshi Morimura
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideki Fujita
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shinichi Sato
- Department of Dermatology, The University of Tokyo Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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24
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Woo YR, Cho DH, Park HJ. Molecular Mechanisms and Management of a Cutaneous Inflammatory Disorder: Psoriasis. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122684. [PMID: 29232931 PMCID: PMC5751286 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2017] [Revised: 12/07/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex chronic inflammatory cutaneous disorder. To date, robust molecular mechanisms of psoriasis have been reported. Among diverse aberrant immunopathogenetic mechanisms, the current model emphasizes the role of Th1 and the IL-23/Th17 axis, skin-resident immune cells and major signal transduction pathways involved in psoriasis. The multiple genetic risk loci for psoriasis have been rapidly revealed with the advent of a novel technology. Moreover, identifying epigenetic modifications could bridge the gap between genetic and environmental risk factors in psoriasis. This review will provide a better understanding of the pathogenesis of psoriasis by unraveling the complicated interplay among immunological abnormalities, genetic risk foci, epigenetic modification and environmental factors of psoriasis. With advances in molecular biology, diverse new targets are under investigation to manage psoriasis. The recent advances in treatment modalities for psoriasis based on targeted molecules are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Ri Woo
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea.
| | - Dae Ho Cho
- Department of Life Science, Sookmyung Women's University, Seoul 04310, Korea.
| | - Hyun Jeong Park
- Department of Dermatology, Yeouido St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 07345, Korea.
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25
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Dand N, Mucha S, Tsoi LC, Mahil SK, Stuart PE, Arnold A, Baurecht H, Burden AD, Callis Duffin K, Chandran V, Curtis CJ, Das S, Ellinghaus D, Ellinghaus E, Enerback C, Esko T, Gladman DD, Griffiths CEM, Gudjonsson JE, Hoffman P, Homuth G, Hüffmeier U, Krueger GG, Laudes M, Lee SH, Lieb W, Lim HW, Löhr S, Mrowietz U, Müller-Nurayid M, Nöthen M, Peters A, Rahman P, Reis A, Reynolds NJ, Rodriguez E, Schmidt CO, Spain SL, Strauch K, Tejasvi T, Voorhees JJ, Warren RB, Weichenthal M, Weidinger S, Zawistowski M, Nair RP, Capon F, Smith CH, Trembath RC, Abecasis GR, Elder JT, Franke A, Simpson MA, Barker JN. Exome-wide association study reveals novel psoriasis susceptibility locus at TNFSF15 and rare protective alleles in genes contributing to type I IFN signalling. Hum Mol Genet 2017; 26:4301-4313. [PMID: 28973304 PMCID: PMC5886170 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddx328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a common inflammatory skin disorder for which multiple genetic susceptibility loci have been identified, but few resolved to specific functional variants. In this study, we sought to identify common and rare psoriasis-associated gene-centric variation. Using exome arrays we genotyped four independent cohorts, totalling 11 861 psoriasis cases and 28 610 controls, aggregating the dataset through statistical meta-analysis. Single variant analysis detected a previously unreported risk locus at TNFSF15 (rs6478108; P = 1.50 × 10-8, OR = 1.10), and association of common protein-altering variants at 11 loci previously implicated in psoriasis susceptibility. We validate previous reports of protective low-frequency protein-altering variants within IFIH1 (encoding an innate antiviral receptor) and TYK2 (encoding a Janus kinase), in each case establishing a further series of protective rare variants (minor allele frequency < 0.01) via gene-wide aggregation testing (IFIH1: pburden = 2.53 × 10-7, OR = 0.707; TYK2: pburden = 6.17 × 10-4, OR = 0.744). Both genes play significant roles in type I interferon (IFN) production and signalling. Several of the protective rare and low-frequency variants in IFIH1 and TYK2 disrupt conserved protein domains, highlighting potential mechanisms through which their effect may be exerted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Dand
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Sören Mucha
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology
- Department of Computational Medicine & Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Satveer K Mahil
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | | | - Andreas Arnold
- Clinic and Polyclinic of Dermatology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Hansjörg Baurecht
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - A David Burden
- Institute of Infection, Inflammation and Immunity, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | | | - Vinod Chandran
- Department of Medicine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Charles J Curtis
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Sayantan Das
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - David Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Eva Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Charlotta Enerback
- Division of Cell Biology and Dermatology, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Biobank, Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu, Estonia
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Department of Medicine
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Christopher E M Griffiths
- Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal Hospital, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Per Hoffman
- Genomics Research Group, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Georg Homuth
- Department of Functional Genomics, Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine and Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Ulrike Hüffmeier
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gerald G Krueger
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
| | | | - Sang Hyuck Lee
- NIHR Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, London, UK
- Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Wolfgang Lieb
- Institute of Epidemiology and Biobank PopGen, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Henry W Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA
| | - Sabine Löhr
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrich Mrowietz
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | | | - Markus Nöthen
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Annette Peters
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Proton Rahman
- Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | - André Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nick J Reynolds
- Dermatological Sciences, Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Dermatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Elke Rodriguez
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Carsten O Schmidt
- Institute for Community Medicine, Study of Health in Pomerania/KEF, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Sarah L Spain
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Konstantin Strauch
- Institute of Genetic Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Richard B Warren
- Dermatology Centre, Salford Road NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, The University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Michael Weichenthal
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergy, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Francesca Capon
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Catherine H Smith
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Richard C Trembath
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Goncalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology
- Ann Arbor Veterans Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Michael A Simpson
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan N Barker
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Faculty of Life Sciences & Medicine, King's College London, London, UK
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26
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Prinz JC. Melanocytes: Target Cells of an HLA-C*06:02-Restricted Autoimmune Response in Psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2017; 137:2053-2058. [PMID: 28941475 DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2017.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2017] [Revised: 05/08/2017] [Accepted: 05/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
HLA-C*06:02 is the main psoriasis risk allele. By the unbiased analysis of a Vα3S1/Vβ13S1 T-cell receptor from pathogenic psoriatic CD8+ T cells, we had recently proven that HLA-C*06:02 directs an autoimmune response against melanocytes through autoantigen presentation in psoriasis and identified ADAMTSL5 as a melanocyte autoantigen. We concluded that psoriasis is based on a melanocyte-specific immune response and that HLA-C*06:02 may predispose to psoriasis via this newly identified autoimmune pathway. Understanding this pathway, however, requires more detailed explanation. It is based on the fact that an HLA class I-restricted autoreactive CD8+ T-cell response must be directed against a particular target cell type, because HLA class I molecules present peptide antigens generated from cytoplasmic (i.e., intracellular) proteins. This review summarizes the findings on the melanocyte-specific autoimmune response in the context of the immune mechanisms related to HLA function and T-cell receptor-antigen recognition. Identifying melanocytes as target cells of the psoriatic immune response now explains psoriasis as a primary autoimmune skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Christoph Prinz
- Department of Dermatology, University Clinics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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27
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Prinz JC. Autoimmune aspects of psoriasis: Heritability and autoantigens. Autoimmun Rev 2017; 16:970-979. [PMID: 28705779 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2017.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2017] [Accepted: 06/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Chronic immune-mediated disorders (IMDs) constitute a major health burden. Understanding IMD pathogenesis is facing two major constraints: Missing heritability explaining familial clustering, and missing autoantigens. Pinpointing IMD risk genes and autoimmune targets, however, is of fundamental importance for developing novel causal therapies. The strongest association of all IMDs is seen with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles. Using psoriasis as an IMD model this article reviews the pathogenic role HLA molecules may have within the polygenic predisposition of IMDs. It concludes that disease-associated HLA alleles account for both missing heritability and autoimmune mechanisms by facilitating tissue-specific autoimmune responses through autoantigen presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jörg Christoph Prinz
- Department of Dermatology, University Clinics, Ludwig-Maximilian-University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
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28
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Tsoi LC, Stuart PE, Tian C, Gudjonsson JE, Das S, Zawistowski M, Ellinghaus E, Barker JN, Chandran V, Dand N, Duffin KC, Enerbäck C, Esko T, Franke A, Gladman DD, Hoffmann P, Kingo K, Kõks S, Krueger GG, Lim HW, Metspalu A, Mrowietz U, Mucha S, Rahman P, Reis A, Tejasvi T, Trembath R, Voorhees JJ, Weidinger S, Weichenthal M, Wen X, Eriksson N, Kang HM, Hinds DA, Nair RP, Abecasis GR, Elder JT. Large scale meta-analysis characterizes genetic architecture for common psoriasis associated variants. Nat Commun 2017; 8:15382. [PMID: 28537254 PMCID: PMC5458077 DOI: 10.1038/ncomms15382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 199] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a complex disease of skin with a prevalence of about 2%. We conducted the largest meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for psoriasis to date, including data from eight different Caucasian cohorts, with a combined effective sample size >39,000 individuals. We identified 16 additional psoriasis susceptibility loci achieving genome-wide significance, increasing the number of identified loci to 63 for European-origin individuals. Functional analysis highlighted the roles of interferon signalling and the NFκB cascade, and we showed that the psoriasis signals are enriched in regulatory elements from different T cells (CD8+ T-cells and CD4+ T-cells including TH0, TH1 and TH17). The identified loci explain ∼28% of the genetic heritability and generate a discriminatory genetic risk score (AUC=0.76 in our sample) that is significantly correlated with age at onset (p=2 × 10-89). This study provides a comprehensive layout for the genetic architecture of common variants for psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Department of Computational Medicine &Bioinformatics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Philip E Stuart
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Chao Tian
- 23andMe, Inc., Mountain View, California 94041, USA
| | - Johann E Gudjonsson
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Sayantan Das
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Matthew Zawistowski
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Eva Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Jonathan N Barker
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8.,Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 2S8
| | - Nick Dand
- St John's Institute of Dermatology, Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Life Sciences and Medicine, King's College London, London SE1 9RT, UK
| | | | - Charlotta Enerbäck
- Department of Dermatology, Linköping University, Linköping SE-581 83, Sweden
| | - Tõnu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia.,Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02142, USA
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 1A8.,Centre for Prognosis Studies in the Rheumatic Diseases, Toronto Western Research Institute, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5T 2S8
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn 53127, Germany.,Division of Medical Genetics, Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel 4031, Switzerland
| | - Külli Kingo
- Dermatology Clinic, Tartu University Hospital, Department of Dermatology and Venereology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50417, Estonia
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Department of Pathophysiology, Centre of Translational Medicine and Centre for Translational Genomics, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia.,Department of Reproductive Biology, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Tartu 51006, Estonia
| | - Gerald G Krueger
- Department of Dermatology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA
| | - Henry W Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, Michigan 48202, USA
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, Tartu 51010, Estonia
| | - Ulrich Mrowietz
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Sören Mucha
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Proton Rahman
- Memorial University, St. John's, Newfoundland, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada A1B 3X9
| | - Andre Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany
| | - Trilokraj Tejasvi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA
| | - Richard Trembath
- Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, King's College London, London WC2R 2LS, UK
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Michael Weichenthal
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center Schleswig-Holstein, Campus Kiel, Kiel 24105, Germany
| | - Xiaoquan Wen
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | - Hyun M Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | | | - Rajan P Nair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - Gonçalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.,Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, USA
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29
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Generali E, Ceribelli A, Stazi MA, Selmi C. Lessons learned from twins in autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases. J Autoimmun 2017; 83:51-61. [PMID: 28431796 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2017.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Autoimmunity and chronic inflammation recognize numerous shared factors and, as a result, the resulting diseases frequently coexist in the same patients or respond to the same treatments. Among the convenient truths of autoimmune and chronic inflammatory diseases, there is now agreement that these are complex conditions in which the individual genetic predisposition provides a rate of heritability. The concordance rates in monozygotic and dizygotic twins allows to estimate the weight of the environment in determining disease susceptibility, despite recent data supporting that only a minority of immune markers depend on hereditary factors. Concordance rates in monozygotic and dizygotic twins should be evaluated over an observation period to minimize the risk of false negatives and this is well represented by type I diabetes mellitus. Further, concordance rates in monozygotic twins should be compared to those in dizygotic twins, which share 50% of their genes, as in regular siblings, but also young-age environmental factors. Twin studies have been extensively performed in several autoimmune conditions and cumulatively suggest that some diseases, i.e. celiac disease and psoriasis, are highly genetically determined, while rheumatoid arthritis or systemic sclerosis have a limited role for genetics. These observations are necessary to interpret data gathered by genome-wide association studies of polymorphisms and DNA methylation in MZ twins. New high-throughput technological platforms are awaited to provide new insights into the mechanisms of disease discordance in twins beyond strong associations such as those with HLA alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Generali
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Angela Ceribelli
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Stazi
- Italian Twin Registry, Centre for Behavioural Sciences and Mental Health, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlo Selmi
- Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Humanitas Research Hospital, Rozzano, Milan, Italy; BIOMETRA Department, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
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30
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Epigenetic Changes in Chronic Inflammatory Diseases. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2017; 106:139-189. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2016.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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31
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HLA-C*06:02 Allele and Response to IL-12/23 Inhibition: Results from the Ustekinumab Phase 3 Psoriasis Program. J Invest Dermatol 2016; 136:2364-2371. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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32
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Greb JE, Goldminz AM, Elder JT, Lebwohl MG, Gladman DD, Wu JJ, Mehta NN, Finlay AY, Gottlieb AB. Psoriasis. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2016; 2:16082. [PMID: 27883001 DOI: 10.1038/nrdp.2016.82] [Citation(s) in RCA: 500] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder with cutaneous and systemic manifestations and substantial negative effects on patient quality of life. Psoriasis has a strong, albeit polygenic, genetic basis. Whereas approximately half of the accountable genetic effect of psoriasis maps to the major histocompatibility complex, >70 other loci have been identified, many of which implicate nuclear factor-κB, interferon signalling and the IL-23-IL-23 receptor axis. Psoriasis pathophysiology is characterized by abnormal keratinocyte proliferation and immune cell infiltration in the dermis and epidermis involving the innate and adaptive immune systems, with important roles for dendritic cells and T cells, among other cells. Frequent comorbidities are rheumatological and cardiovascular in nature, in particular, psoriatic arthritis. Current treatments for psoriasis include topical agents, photo-based therapies, traditional systemic drugs and biologic agents. Treatments can be used in combination or as monotherapy. Biologic therapies that target specific disease mediators have become a mainstay in the treatment of moderate-to-severe disease, whereas advances in the treatment of mild-to-moderate disease have been limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline E Greb
- Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Tufts Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ari M Goldminz
- Tufts Medical Center, Department of Dermatology, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Mark G Lebwohl
- Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Krembil Research Institute, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jashin J Wu
- Department of Dermatology, Kaiser Permanente Los Angeles Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Nehal N Mehta
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Andrew Y Finlay
- Department of Dermatology and Wound Healing, Division of Infection and Immunity, School of Medicine, Cardiff University, Cardiff, UK
| | - Alice B Gottlieb
- Department of Dermatology, New York Medical College, 40 Sunshine Cottage Rd, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA
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33
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Abstract
Psoriasis is a T-lymphocyte-mediated chronic inflammatory disorder involving the skin and joints. Nearly 3.5% of the population has been diagnosed to have psoriasis. In a dermatology department, almost one-third of psoriasis patients are in the pediatric age group. With an annual prevalence of up to 0.71%, childhood psoriasis can now be regarded as a frequently seen chronic inflammatory skin disorder having a significant impact on the quality of life. Based on the age of onset, psoriasis in children can be broadly classified as infantile psoriasis that can be mostly self-limited, psoriasis having an early onset, which needs specific treatment, and psoriasis that is associated with arthritis. Treating a child with psoriasis is a challenge, considering the physical development, body metabolism, rate of cutaneous absorption, and metabolism of drugs, which are quite different from those of the adults. The long duration of sun exposure for the rest of their life makes it more demanding while considering phototherapy in children. Long-term treatment of psoriasis, with phototherapy or drugs, needs critical evaluation in children. Hence, a thorough understanding of the disease in all its aspects will certainly help manage childhood psoriasis better. Timely diagnosis and adequate management not only arrest progression but also minimize the psychological burden caused by the disease, averting disfiguring states and evolution into a metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jayakar Thomas
- Department of Dermatology, Sree Balaji Medical College, Bharath University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kumar Parimalam
- Department of Dermatology, Villupuram Medical College, Villupuram, Tamil Nadu, India
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34
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Stuart P, Nair R, Tsoi L, Tejasvi T, Das S, Kang H, Ellinghaus E, Chandran V, Callis-Duffin K, Ike R, Li Y, Wen X, Enerbäck C, Gudjonsson J, Kõks S, Kingo K, Esko T, Mrowietz U, Reis A, Wichmann H, Gieger C, Hoffmann P, Nöthen M, Winkelmann J, Kunz M, Moreta E, Mease P, Ritchlin C, Bowcock A, Krueger G, Lim H, Weidinger S, Weichenthal M, Voorhees J, Rahman P, Gregersen P, Franke A, Gladman D, Abecasis G, Elder J. Genome-wide Association Analysis of Psoriatic Arthritis and Cutaneous Psoriasis Reveals Differences in Their Genetic Architecture. Am J Hum Genet 2015; 97:816-36. [PMID: 26626624 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajhg.2015.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 203] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) is a common inflammatory and hyperproliferative skin disease. Up to 30% of people with PsV eventually develop psoriatic arthritis (PsA), an inflammatory musculoskeletal condition. To discern differences in genetic risk factors for PsA and cutaneous-only psoriasis (PsC), we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 1,430 PsA case subjects and 1,417 unaffected control subjects. Meta-analysis of this study with three other GWASs and two targeted genotyping studies, encompassing a total of 9,293 PsV case subjects, 3,061 PsA case subjects, 3,110 PsC case subjects, and 13,670 unaffected control subjects of European descent, detected 10 regions associated with PsA and 11 with PsC at genome-wide (GW) significance. Several of these association signals (IFNLR1, IFIH1, NFKBIA for PsA; TNFRSF9, LCE3C/B, TRAF3IP2, IL23A, NFKBIA for PsC) have not previously achieved GW significance. After replication, we also identified a PsV-associated SNP near CDKAL1 (rs4712528, odds ratio [OR] = 1.16, p = 8.4 × 10(-11)). Among identified psoriasis risk variants, three were more strongly associated with PsC than PsA (rs12189871 near HLA-C, p = 5.0 × 10(-19); rs4908742 near TNFRSF9, p = 0.00020; rs10888503 near LCE3A, p = 0.0014), and two were more strongly associated with PsA than PsC (rs12044149 near IL23R, p = 0.00018; rs9321623 near TNFAIP3, p = 0.00022). The PsA-specific variants were independent of previously identified psoriasis variants near IL23R and TNFAIP3. We also found multiple independent susceptibility variants in the IL12B, NOS2, and IFIH1 regions. These results provide insights into the pathogenetic similarities and differences between PsC and PsA.
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35
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Bai J, Liu Z, Xu Z, Ke F, Zhang L, Zhu H, Lou F, Wang H, Fei Y, Shi YL, Wang H. Epigenetic Downregulation of SFRP4 Contributes to Epidermal Hyperplasia in Psoriasis. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2015; 194:4185-98. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1403196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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36
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Di Lernia V, Ficarelli E, Lallas A, Ricci C. Familial aggregation of moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2014; 39:801-5. [PMID: 25156221 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/03/2014] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a highly heritable disease. It has been suggested that psoriasis is preferentially transmitted from fathers. AIM To evaluate the degree of familial aggregation of psoriasis; to determine the recurrence risk ratio (λR ) of psoriasis in first, second and third degree relatives of patients with psoriasis; and to investigate the transmission patterns of the disease and their relationships with the clinical profiles of patients. METHODS A cross-sectional study on 640 consecutive, unrelated adult patients with chronic plaque psoriasis was performed. The prevalence of psoriasis in first, second and third degree relatives of the patients was determined, and the λR was calculated under the assumption of a population prevalence of 2%. Age of onset and presence of facial, hand and foot psoriasis were evaluated in probands with paternal vs. maternal transmission. RESULTS A positive familial history of psoriasis was found in 380 patients (59.37%). Of these, 174 (27.18%) had at least one parent with psoriasis, with a λR of 13.59, while 106 patients (16.56%) had at least one second degree relative with psoriasis, and 34 patients (5.31%) had one third degree relative with psoriasis. No parent-of-origin effect in transmission of psoriasis from affected parent to offspring was observed, and there were no significant differences in the clinical profiles of the disease between patients grouped by transmission pattern of psoriasis. CONCLUSIONS These results show a high familial recurrence risk of psoriasis, and suggest a balanced parental transmission of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Di Lernia
- Dermatology Unit, Arcispedale Santa Maria Nuova-IRCCS, Reggio Emilia, Italy
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37
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Castillo-Fernandez JE, Spector TD, Bell JT. Epigenetics of discordant monozygotic twins: implications for disease. Genome Med 2014; 6:60. [PMID: 25484923 PMCID: PMC4254430 DOI: 10.1186/s13073-014-0060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/25/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monozygotic (MZ) twins share nearly all of their genetic variants and many similar environments before and after birth. However, they can also show phenotypic discordance for a wide range of traits. Differences at the epigenetic level may account for such discordances. It is well established that epigenetic states can contribute to phenotypic variation, including disease. Epigenetic states are dynamic and potentially reversible marks involved in gene regulation, which can be influenced by genetics, environment, and stochastic events. Here, we review advances in epigenetic studies of discordant MZ twins, focusing on disease. The study of epigenetics and disease using discordant MZ twins offers the opportunity to control for many potential confounders encountered in general population studies, such as differences in genetic background, early-life environmental exposure, age, gender, and cohort effects. Recently, analysis of disease-discordant MZ twins has been successfully used to study epigenetic mechanisms in aging, cancer, autoimmune disease, psychiatric, neurological, and multiple other traits. Epigenetic aberrations have been found in a range of phenotypes, and challenges have been identified, including sampling time, tissue specificity, validation, and replication. The results have relevance for personalized medicine approaches, including the identification of prognostic, diagnostic, and therapeutic targets. The findings also help to identify epigenetic markers of environmental risk and molecular mechanisms involved in disease and disease progression, which have implications both for understanding disease and for future medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tim D Spector
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, SE1 7EH UK
| | - Jordana T Bell
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, Kings College London, London, SE1 7EH UK
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38
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Zufferey F, Williams FM, Spector TD. Epigenetics and methylation in the rheumatic diseases. Semin Arthritis Rheum 2014; 43:692-700. [DOI: 10.1016/j.semarthrit.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2013] [Revised: 10/01/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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39
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Fotiadou C, Lazaridou E, Ioannides D. Management of psoriasis in adolescence. ADOLESCENT HEALTH MEDICINE AND THERAPEUTICS 2014; 5:25-34. [PMID: 24729738 PMCID: PMC3961070 DOI: 10.2147/ahmt.s36672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory cutaneous disorder affecting 2%–4% of the world’s population. The prevalence of the disease in childhood and adolescence ranges between 0.5% and 2%. The management of psoriasis in adolescence is an intriguing and complicated task. Given the paucity of officially approved therapies, the very limited evidence-based data from randomized controlled trials, and the absence of standardized guidelines, physicians must rely on published experience from case reports both from the field of dermatology as well as from the application of these drugs for other pediatric conditions coming from the disciplines of rheumatology, gastroenterology, and oncology. Psoriatic adolescents deal with a potentially disfiguring and lifelong disease that could permanently impair their psychological development. It must be clarified to them that psoriasis does not have a permanent cure, and therefore the main goal of treatments is to establish disease control and prolonged periods between flares. The majority of adolescents suffer from mild psoriasis, and thus they are treated basically with topical treatment modalities. Phototherapy is reserved for adolescents with mild-to-moderate plaque disease and/or guttate psoriasis when routine visits to specialized centers do not create practical problems. Systemic agents and biologics are administered to patients with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis, pustular psoriasis, or erythrodermic psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Fotiadou
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Elizabeth Lazaridou
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Demetrios Ioannides
- First Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Aristotle University Medical School, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Liu T, Han Y, Lu L. Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphisms and the risk of psoriasis: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Dermatol 2013; 38:352-8; quiz 359. [PMID: 23621089 DOI: 10.1111/ced.12106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The gene coding for angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) has been reported to be associated with the development of psoriasis. AIM To evaluate the association of psoriasis risk and ACE polymorphisms. METHODS We carried out a retrieval of studies that explored associations between ACE polymorphism and psoriasis, and analysed the genotype frequencies. RESULTS In total, 8 studies with 1242 patients and 1646 controls were included. The genotype frequencies in all studies were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. After pooling all studies, the results indicated that the I/I genotype was associated with risk of psoriasis (OR = 1.41, 95% CI 1.11-1.80, P = 0.005), whereas the I/D genotype may decrease the risk of psoriasis (OR = 0.71, 95% CI 0.56-0.90, P = 0.005) in Asian, but not in white populations. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that ACE polymorphism are associated with the risk of psoriasis in Asians, especially the I/I genotype and I allele. Further studies are needed to confirm our results.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Liu
- Department of Physiology, Kunming Medical University, Kunming, Yunnan, China
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41
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Lønnberg A, Skov L, Skytthe A, Kyvik K, Pedersen O, Thomsen S. Heritability of psoriasis in a large twin sample. Br J Dermatol 2013; 169:412-6. [DOI: 10.1111/bjd.12375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/26/2013] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A.S. Lønnberg
- Department of Dermato-allergology; Gentofte Hospital; Hellerup DK-2900 Denmark
| | - L. Skov
- Department of Dermato-allergology; Gentofte Hospital; Hellerup DK-2900 Denmark
| | - A. Skytthe
- The Danish Twin Registry; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - K.O. Kyvik
- The Danish Twin Registry; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
- Odense Patient Data Explorative Network; Institute of Regional Health Services Research; University of Southern Denmark; Odense Denmark
| | - O.B. Pedersen
- Department of Clinical Immunology; Naestved Hospital; Naestved Denmark
| | - S.F. Thomsen
- Department of Dermato-allergology; Gentofte Hospital; Hellerup DK-2900 Denmark
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Hou R, Yin G, An P, Wang C, Liu R, Yang Y, Yan X, Li J, Li X, Zhang K. DNA methylation of dermal MSCs in psoriasis: identification of epigenetically dysregulated genes. J Dermatol Sci 2013; 72:103-9. [PMID: 23916410 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2013.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2013] [Revised: 06/25/2013] [Accepted: 07/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are likely involved in pathological processes of immune-related diseases, including psoriasis, because of their immunoregulatory and pro-angiogenic effects. DNA methylation plays an essential role in regulating gene expression and maintaining cell function. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the gene methylation profile of dermal MSCs from patients with psoriasis. METHODS We isolated and expanded dermal MSCs from psoriatic patients and normal controls using the attachment assay and conducted genome-wide DNA methylation profile and gene ontology analyses using microarray. RESULTS The cultured cells were indentified as MSCs by surface marker and differentiation assays. The genome-wide promoter methylation profile of MSCs from psoriatic derma was markedly different from the normal derma derived MSCs. Genes involved in cell communication, surface receptor signaling pathway, cellular response to stimulus, and cell migration were differently methylated. Several aberrantly methylated genes related epidermal proliferation, angiogenesis, and inflammation were found differently expressed in psoriatic patients. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that the MSCs from dermal of psoriasis are probably participant in the pathogenesis and development of psoriasis through an extraordinarily complex mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixia Hou
- Institute of Dermatology, Taiyuan City Central Hospital, 1 Dong San Dao Xiang, Taiyuan 030009, Shanxi Province, China
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Seibert DC, Darling TN. Physical, Psychological and Ethical issues in Caring for Individuals with Genetic Skin Disease. J Nurs Scholarsh 2013; 45:89-95. [DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Tsoi LC, Spain SL, Knight J, Ellinghaus E, Stuart PE, Capon F, Ding J, Li Y, Tejasvi T, Gudjonsson JE, Kang HM, Allen MH, McManus R, Novelli G, Samuelsson L, Schalkwijk J, Ståhle M, Burden AD, Smith CH, Cork MJ, Estivill X, Bowcock AM, Krueger GG, Weger W, Worthington J, Tazi-Ahnini R, Nestle FO, Hayday A, Hoffmann P, Winkelmann J, Wijmenga C, Langford C, Edkins S, Andrews R, Blackburn H, Strange A, Band G, Pearson RD, Vukcevic D, Spencer CCA, Deloukas P, Mrowietz U, Schreiber S, Weidinger S, Koks S, Kingo K, Esko T, Metspalu A, Lim HW, Voorhees JJ, Weichenthal M, Wichmann HE, Chandran V, Rosen CF, Rahman P, Gladman DD, Griffiths CEM, Reis A, Kere J, Nair RP, Franke A, Barker JNWN, Abecasis GR, Elder JT, Trembath RC. Identification of 15 new psoriasis susceptibility loci highlights the role of innate immunity. Nat Genet 2012; 44:1341-8. [PMID: 23143594 PMCID: PMC3510312 DOI: 10.1038/ng.2467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 706] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/17/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
To gain further insight into the genetic architecture of psoriasis, we conducted a meta-analysis of 3 genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and 2 independent data sets genotyped on the Immunochip, including 10,588 cases and 22,806 controls. We identified 15 new susceptibility loci, increasing to 36 the number associated with psoriasis in European individuals. We also identified, using conditional analyses, five independent signals within previously known loci. The newly identified loci shared with other autoimmune diseases include candidate genes with roles in regulating T-cell function (such as RUNX3, TAGAP and STAT3). Notably, they included candidate genes whose products are involved in innate host defense, including interferon-mediated antiviral responses (DDX58), macrophage activation (ZC3H12C) and nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling (CARD14 and CARM1). These results portend a better understanding of shared and distinctive genetic determinants of immune-mediated inflammatory disorders and emphasize the importance of the skin in innate and acquired host defense.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lam C Tsoi
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Sarah L Spain
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jo Knight
- Neuroscience Research, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada M5T 1R8
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Biomedical Research Centre, Guy’s and St. Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust
| | - Eva Ellinghaus
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Philip E Stuart
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Francesca Capon
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Jun Ding
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Yanming Li
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Trilokraj Tejasvi
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | | | - Hyun M Kang
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael H Allen
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Ross McManus
- Department of Clinical Medicine Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Giuseppe Novelli
- National Agency for Evaluation of Universities and Research Institutes (ANVUR)
- Research Center San Pietro Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Lena Samuelsson
- Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, Institute of Biomedicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Joost Schalkwijk
- Department of Dermatology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mona Ståhle
- Dermatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | | | - Catherine H Smith
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Michael J Cork
- Academic Unit of Dermatology Research, Department of Infection and Immunity, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Xavier Estivill
- Genes and Disease Programme, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG) and UPF, Hospital del Mar Research Institute (CRG) and Public Health and Epidemiology Network Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERESP), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Anne M Bowcock
- Division of Human Genetics, Department of Genetics, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO
| | | | - Wolfgang Weger
- Department of Dermatology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Jane Worthington
- Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Rachid Tazi-Ahnini
- Academic Unit of Dermatology Research, Department of Infection and Immunity, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Frank O Nestle
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Adrian Hayday
- Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammatory Disease; King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Per Hoffmann
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, 54127 Bonn, Germany
- Department of Genomics, Life & Brain Center, University of Bonn, 54127 Bonn, Germany
| | - Juliane Winkelmann
- Department of Neurology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich, Germany
| | - Cisca Wijmenga
- Genetics Department, University Medical Center and University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sarah Edkins
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, UK
| | | | | | - Amy Strange
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Gavin Band
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Richard D Pearson
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Damjan Vukcevic
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Chris CA Spencer
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Human Genetics, Roosevelt Drive, Oxford OX3 7LJ, UK
| | | | - Ulrich Mrowietz
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Stefan Schreiber
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
- PopGen biobank, University Hospital S.-H., Kiel, Germany
| | - Stephan Weidinger
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sulev Koks
- Department of Physiology, Centre of Translational Medicine and Centre for Translational Genomics, University of Tartu, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Külli Kingo
- Department of Dermatology and Venerology, University of Tartu, 50409 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Tonu Esko
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Andres Metspalu
- Estonian Genome Center, University of Tartu, 51010 Tartu, Estonia
| | - Henry W Lim
- Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA
| | - John J Voorhees
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Michael Weichenthal
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital, Schleswig-Holstein, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - H. Erich Wichmann
- Institute of Epidemiology I, Helmholtz Centre Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany
- Institute of Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, 81377 Munich, Germany
- Klinikum Grosshadern, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Vinod Chandran
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Cheryl F Rosen
- Department of Medicine, Division of Dermatology, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8
| | - Proton Rahman
- Department of Medicine, Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland A1C 5B8, Canada
| | - Dafna D Gladman
- Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Toronto, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Ontario M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Christopher EM Griffiths
- Dermatological Sciences, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Andre Reis
- Institute of Human Genetics, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Juha Kere
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Folkhälsan Institute of Genetics, Helsinki, Finland
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Finland
| | | | | | | | | | - Rajan P Nair
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Andre Franke
- Institute of Clinical Molecular Biology, Christian-Albrechts-University, 24105 Kiel, Germany
| | - Jonathan NWN Barker
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
- St John’s Institute of Dermatology, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - Goncalo R Abecasis
- Department of Biostatistics, Center for Statistical Genetics, University of Michigan Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - James T Elder
- Department of Dermatology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Ann Arbor Veterans Affairs Hospital, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA
| | - Richard C Trembath
- Division of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, King’s College London, London, UK
- Queen Mary University of London, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
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Selmi C, Lu Q, Humble MC. Heritability versus the role of the environment in autoimmunity. J Autoimmun 2012; 39:249-52. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaut.2012.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2012] [Accepted: 07/31/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Abstract
Recent studies have identified both heritable DNA methylation effects and differential methylation in disease-discordant identical twins. Larger sample sizes, replication, genetic-epigenetic analyses and longitudinal assays are now needed to establish the role of epigenetic variants in disease.
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Tang NLS, Yeung HY, Hung VWY, Di Liao C, Lam TP, Yeung HM, Lee KM, Ng BKW, Cheng JCY. Genetic epidemiology and heritability of AIS: A study of 415 Chinese female patients. J Orthop Res 2012; 30:1464-9. [PMID: 22362628 DOI: 10.1002/jor.22090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2011] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Recent familial segregation studies supported a multifactorial genetic model for the etiology of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). However, the extent of quantitative genetic effects, such as heritability, have not been fully evaluated. This genetic epidemiology study examined the sibling recurrent risk and heritability of AIS in first-degree relatives of 415 Chinese female patients, which is up to now the largest cohort. They were first diagnosed by community screening program and compared to 203 age-matched normal controls. Out of the total 531 sibs of AIS cases, 94 sibs had scoliosis (sibling recurrence risk = 17.7%). The prevalence of AIS among male and female sibs of an index case were 11.5% (95% CI = 7.5-15.5) and 23.0% (95% CI = 18.1-27.9), respectively. Female sibs of an index case had an increased risk of 8.9-fold (95% CI = 3.2-34.4) for developing AIS. These recurrent risks were significantly higher than the risk in the control group (p < 0.0001). Overall, heritability was estimated to be 87.5 ± 11.1%. The results confirmed the prevailing impression of strong genetic influence on the risk of AIS. Here we provided a large-scale study for the genetic aggregation estimates in an Asian population for the first time. The finding also positioned AIS among other common disease or complex traits with a high heritability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelson L S Tang
- Department of Chemical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong SAR, China.
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Abstract
Somatic mosaicism is the result of postzygotic de novo mutation occurring in a portion of the cells making up an organism. Structural genetic variation is a very heterogeneous group of changes, in terms of numerous types of aberrations that are included in this category, involvement of many mechanisms behind the generation of structural variants, and because structural variation can encompass genomic regions highly variable in size. Structural variation rapidly evolved as the dominating type of changes behind human genetic diversity, and the importance of this variation in biology and medicine is continuously increasing. In this review, we combine the evidence of structural variation in the context of somatic cells. We discuss the normal and disease-related somatic structural variation. We review the recent advances in the field of monozygotic twins and other models that have been studied for somatic mutations, including other vertebrates. We also discuss chromosomal mosaicism in a few prime examples of disease genes that contributed to understanding of the importance of somatic heterogeneity. We further highlight challenges and opportunities related to this field, including methodological and practical aspects of detection of somatic mosaicism. The literature devoted to interindividual variation versus papers reporting on somatic variation suggests that the latter is understudied and underestimated. It is important to increase our awareness about somatic mosaicism, in particular, related to structural variation. We believe that further research of somatic mosaicism will prove beneficial for better understanding of common sporadic disorders.
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49
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Gervin K, Vigeland MD, Mattingsdal M, Hammerø M, Nygård H, Olsen AO, Brandt I, Harris JR, Undlien DE, Lyle R. DNA methylation and gene expression changes in monozygotic twins discordant for psoriasis: identification of epigenetically dysregulated genes. PLoS Genet 2012; 8:e1002454. [PMID: 22291603 PMCID: PMC3262011 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2011] [Accepted: 11/17/2011] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Monozygotic (MZ) twins do not show complete concordance for many complex diseases; for example, discordance rates for autoimmune diseases are 20%-80%. MZ discordance indicates a role for epigenetic or environmental factors in disease. We used MZ twins discordant for psoriasis to search for genome-wide differences in DNA methylation and gene expression in CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells using Illumina's HumanMethylation27 and HT-12 expression assays, respectively. Analysis of these data revealed no differentially methylated or expressed genes between co-twins when analyzed separately, although we observed a substantial amount of small differences. However, combined analysis of DNA methylation and gene expression identified genes where differences in DNA methylation between unaffected and affected twins were correlated with differences in gene expression. Several of the top-ranked genes according to significance of the correlation in CD4(+) cells are known to be associated with psoriasis. Further, gene ontology (GO) analysis revealed enrichment of biological processes associated with the immune response and clustering of genes in a biological pathway comprising cytokines and chemokines. These data suggest that DNA methylation is involved in an epigenetic dysregulation of biological pathways involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. This is the first study based on data from MZ twins discordant for psoriasis to detect epigenetic alterations that potentially contribute to development of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Gervin
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Magnus D. Vigeland
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Morten Mattingsdal
- Research Unit, Sorlandet Hospital, Kristiansand, Norway
- Institute of Psychiatry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Martin Hammerø
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Heidi Nygård
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Anne O. Olsen
- Department of Dermatology, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Ingunn Brandt
- Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Jennifer R. Harris
- Division of Epidemiology, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Dag E. Undlien
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Robert Lyle
- Department of Medical Genetics, Oslo University Hospital and University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- * E-mail:
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Bataille V, Lens M, Spector T. The use of the twin model to investigate the genetics and epigenetics of skin diseases with genomic, transcriptomic and methylation data. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2012; 26:1067-73. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2011.04444.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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