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Kodama M, Okano S, Nojri S, Abe K, Fukata M, Nagase Y, Kodama H. Longitudinal and regional association between dietary factors and prevalence of Crohn's disease in Japan. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0300580. [PMID: 38776273 PMCID: PMC11111081 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Although a Western diet has been identified as a risk factor for Crohn's disease (CD), there is still controversy surrounding the specific foods that may contribute to the development of the disease. In this study, we examined the association between food intake and the prevalence of CD in Japan, as Japanese patients with CD are known to have limited genetic involvement. We identified changes in food intake associated with an increase in the number of patients with CD by analyzing the per capita consumption of food types from 1981 to 2014. Additionally, we examined the association between CD prevalence and food intake in each prefecture. Finally, the relationship between food intake and estimated age at CD onset was also investigated. Between 1981 and 2014, we observed Increased consumption of meat, eggs, milk and dairy products, oil, and potatoes and decreased consumption of grains, beans, vegetables, fruit, fish, sugar, and seaweed. The annual incidence of CD increased by 1388% over the same period. We found that meat consumption was significantly associated with CD prevalence (β = 0.503, p = 0.0003), while a significant negative correlation was observed between CD prevalence and fruit and vegetable consumption (fruit, β = 0.464, p = 0.0012; vegetables, β = 0.404, p = 0.0023). Furthermore, we estimated that the peak consumption of more meat and less fruit and vegetables and the peak age of CD onset occurred within the age range of 20-24 years. Our study identified a clear correlation between the consumption of meat, fruits, and vegetables and the prevalence of CD in Japan. Additionally, we found an association between meat, fruit, and vegetable consumption and the age at CD onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Kodama
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Human Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
- Genomics Unit, Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Soh Okano
- Department of Human Pathology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuko Nojri
- Medical Technology Innovation Center, Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiko Abe
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masayuki Fukata
- Center for Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nagase
- Department of Pathology, Tokyo Yamate Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroko Kodama
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Teikyo Heisei University, Ichihara, Japan
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Xu D, Peng Z, Li Y, Hou Q, Peng Y, Liu X. Progress and Clinical Applications of Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet in Crohn's Disease. Gut Liver 2024; 18:404-413. [PMID: 37842728 PMCID: PMC11096903 DOI: 10.5009/gnl230093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Revised: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Crohn's disease is a chronic intestinal inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. Although the pharmacotherapies for Crohn's disease are constantly updating, nutritional support and adjuvant therapies have recently gained more attention. Due to advancements in clinical nutrition, various clinical nutritional therapies are used to treat Crohn's disease. Doctors treating inflammatory bowel disease can now offer several diets with more flexibility than ever. The Crohn's disease exclusion diet is a widely used diet for patients with active Crohn's disease. The Crohn's disease exclusion diet requires both exclusion and inclusion. Periodic exclusion of harmful foods and inclusion of wholesome foods gradually improves a patient's nutritional status. This article reviews the Crohn's disease exclusion diet, including its structure, mechanisms, research findings, and clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duo Xu
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ziheng Peng
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yong Li
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Hou
- Departments of Clinical Nutrition, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yu Peng
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Organ Fibrosis, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Artificial Intelligence Computer Aided Diagnosis and Treatment for Digestive Disease, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- Departments of Gastroenterology, Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Artificial Intelligence Computer Aided Diagnosis and Treatment for Digestive Disease, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Changsha, China
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Guo A, Ludvigsson J, Brantsæter AL, Klingberg S, Östensson M, Størdal K, Mårild K. Early-life diet and risk of inflammatory bowel disease: a pooled study in two Scandinavian birth cohorts. Gut 2024; 73:590-600. [PMID: 38290832 PMCID: PMC10958293 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2023-330971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We assessed whether early-life diet quality and food intake frequencies were associated with subsequent IBD. DESIGN Prospectively recorded 1-year and 3-year questionnaires in children from the All Babies in Southeast Sweden and The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study were used to assess diet quality using a Healthy Eating Index and intake frequency of food groups. IBD was defined as >2 diagnoses in national patient registers. Cox regression yielded HRs adjusted (aHRs) for child's sex, parental IBD, origin, education level and maternal comorbidities. Cohort-specific results were pooled using a random-effects model. RESULTS During 1 304 433 person-years of follow-up, we followed 81 280 participants from birth through childhood and adolescence, whereof 307 were diagnosed with IBD. Compared with low diet quality, medium and high diet quality at 1 year of age were associated with a reduced risk of IBD (pooled aHR 0.75 (95% CI=0.58 to 0.98) and 0.75 (95% CI=0.56 to 1.00)). The pooled aHR per increase of category was 0.86 (0.74 to 0.99). Pooled aHR for children 1 year old with high versus low fish intake was 0.70 (95% CI=0.49 to 1.00) for IBD, and showed association with reduced risk of UC (pooled aHR=0.46; 95% CI=0.21, 0.99). Higher vegetable intake at 1 year was associated with a risk reduction in IBD. Intake of sugar-sweetened beverages was associated with an increased risk of IBD. Diet quality at 3 years was not associated with IBD. CONCLUSION In this Scandinavian birth cohort, high diet quality and fish intake in early life were associated with a reduced risk of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annie Guo
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Johnny Ludvigsson
- Division of Pediatrics, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Crown Princess Victoria Children's Hospital, Region Östergötland, Linköping, Sweden
| | | | - Sofia Klingberg
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Malin Östensson
- Bioinformatics and Data Centre, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Ketil Størdal
- Department of Pediatric Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
- Children's Center, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
| | - Karl Mårild
- Department of Pediatrics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Queen Silvia Children's Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Mustafa E. Summary of a cochrane review: Dietary interventions for induction and maintenance of remission in inflammatory bowel disease. Explore (NY) 2024; 20:150-151. [PMID: 38176974 DOI: 10.1016/j.explore.2023.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
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Stulman M, Focht G, Loewenberg Weisband Y, Greenfeld S, Ben Tov A, Ledderman N, Matz E, Paltiel O, Odes S, Dotan I, Benchimol EI, Turner D. Inflammatory bowel disease among first generation immigrants in Israel: A nationwide epi-Israeli Inflammatory Bowel Disease Research Nucleus study. World J Methodol 2023; 13:475-483. [PMID: 38229941 PMCID: PMC10789109 DOI: 10.5662/wjm.v13.i5.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Israel has a high rate of Jewish immigration and a high prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). AIM To compare IBD prevalence in first-generation immigrants vs Israel-born Jews. METHODS Patients with a diagnosis of IBD as of June 2020 were included from the validated epi-IIRN (Israeli IBD Research Nucleus) cohort that includes 98% of the Israeli population. We stratified the immigration cohort by IBD risk according to country of origin, time period of immigration, and age group as of June 2020. RESULTS A total of 33544 patients were ascertained, of whom 18524 (55%) had Crohn's disease (CD) and 15020 (45%) had ulcerative colitis (UC); 28394 (85%) were Israel-born and 5150 (15%) were immigrants. UC was more prevalent in immigrants (2717; 53%) than in non-immigrants (12303, 43%, P < 0.001), especially in the < 1990 immigration period. After adjusting for age, longer duration in Israel was associated with a higher point prevalence rate in June 2020 (high-risk origin: Immigration < 1990: 645.9/100000, ≥ 1990: 613.2/100000, P = 0.043; intermediate/low-risk origin: < 1990: 540.5/100000, ≥ 1990: 192.0/100000, P < 0.001). The prevalence was higher in patients immigrating from countries with high risk for IBD (561.4/100000) than those originating from intermediate-/low-risk countries (514.3/100000; P < 0.001); non-immigrant prevalence was 528.9/100000. CONCLUSION Lending support to the environmental effect on IBD etiology, we found that among immigrants to Israel, the prevalence of IBD increased with longer time since immigration, and was related to the risk of IBD in the country of origin. The UC rate was higher than that of CD only in those immigrating in earlier time periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mira Stulman
- The Juliet Keiden Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9574869, Israel
| | - Gili Focht
- The Juliet Keiden Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
| | | | - Shira Greenfeld
- Maccabi Health Services and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6801296, Israel
| | - Amir Ben Tov
- Maccabi Health Services and the Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6801296, Israel
| | | | - Eran Matz
- Leumit Health Services, Tel Aviv 6473704, Israel
| | - Ora Paltiel
- Braun School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Hadassah Medical Organization, Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9574869, Israel
| | - Shmuel Odes
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva 84105, Israel
| | - Iris Dotan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah Tikva 49100, Israel
| | - Eric Ian Benchimol
- Department of Paediatrics and Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1X8, ON, Canada
- SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Centre, Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Child Health Evaluative Sciences, The Hospital for Sick Children and the SickKids Research Institute, Toronto M5G 1X8, Canada
- ICES, Toronto M4N 3M5, Canada
| | - Dan Turner
- The Juliet Keiden Institute of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Shaare Zedek Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem 9103102, Israel
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Fu J, Chai C, Chen L, Cai M, Ai B, Li H, Yuan J, Lin H, Zhang Z. Associations of Fish and Fish Oil Consumption With Incident Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Population-Based Prospective Cohort Study. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2023:izad262. [PMID: 37889850 DOI: 10.1093/ibd/izad262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We examined the associations of fish and fish oil consumption with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) incidence. PATIENTS AND METHODS We conducted a longitudinal analysis based on the UK Biobank, a population-based prospective cohort. Dietary consumption of fish and fish oil was collected by questionnaire. IBD incident cases were identified through links to National Health Services datasets. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to assess the associations between oily fish, nonoily fish, and fish oil intake and IBD incidence with adjustment for various confounding factors. RESULTS A total of 265 839 participants free of IBD at baseline were included, and 1554 incident IBD cases were identified during an average follow-up of 11.8 years. In fully adjusted models, we found that compared with participants who never ate oily fish, those having <1 serving/wk, 1 serving/wk, and >1 serving/wk had 9% (hazard ratio [HR], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.77-1.08), 19% (HR, 0.81; 95% CI, 0.69-0.96), and 12% (HR, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.73-1.06) lower risks of IBD, respectively, albeit not all statistically significant. A significant association was found between fish oil intake and a reduced risk of IBD (HR, 0.84; 95% CI, 0.75-0.93). We found no significant associations for nonoily fish. In a subsample (n = 105 714) of participants with multiple subsequent dietary reviews, we also found a negative association between the frequency of fish oil intake over time and incident IBD (P trend < .05). CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that oily fish and fish oil supplements might be protective factors against IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Fu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chengwei Chai
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Miao Cai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Baozhuo Ai
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haitao Li
- Department of Social Medicine and Health Service Management, Shenzhen University General Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jinqiu Yuan
- Clinical Research Center, the Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hualiang Lin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zilong Zhang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Magen-Rimon R, Day AS, Shaoul R. Nutritional aspects of inflammatory bowel disease. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 17:731-740. [PMID: 37384423 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2023.2231340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The number of people diagnosed with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) continues to increase in most parts of the world. Although the exact etiology of this chronic intestinal disease is not fully understood, nutritional factors appear to play key roles. Furthermore, individuals with IBD are at increased risk of adverse nutritional impacts, including micronutrient deficiencies. AREAS COVERED This review aims to summarize recent reports focusing on nutritional factors relevant to the development of IBD and to also review data on nutritional deficiencies seen in individuals with IBD. EXPERT OPINION The typical western diet, characterized by high-fat/high-sugar foods, along with food additives, appears to contribute to the etiopathogenesis of IBD. In contrast, some reports indicate that some foods are likely protective. However, there are inconsistencies in the currently available data, reflecting study design and other confounding factors. Furthermore, some of the conclusions are inferred from animal or in vitro studies. The presence of IBD can compromise the nutrition of individuals with one of these disorders: ongoing monitoring is critical. Nutrition and diet in the setting of IBD remain key areas for further and ongoing study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramit Magen-Rimon
- Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Institute, Ruth Children's Hospital of Haifa, Rambam Health Care Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
| | - Andrew S Day
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Otago Christchurch, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Ron Shaoul
- Pediatric Gastroenterology & Nutrition Institute, Ruth Children's Hospital of Haifa, Rambam Health Care Campus, Faculty of Medicine, Haifa, Israel
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Shirwaikar Thomas A, Hanauer S, Wang Y. Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor Enterocolitis vs Idiopathic Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 21:878-890. [PMID: 36270617 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2022.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized management of advanced malignancies. However, their use is frequently complicated by immune related adverse events (irAEs), immune checkpoint inhibitor enterocolitis (IMEC) being the most common toxicity. IMEC is a distinct form of bowel inflammation that is highly reminiscent of idiopathic inflammatory bowel disorders (Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, and microscopic colitis). In this review, we highlight the similarities and differences in the pathophysiology, clinical presentation, evaluation, and management of these overlapping immune inflammatory bowel disorders. IMEC is an inflammatory bowel disease-like irAE that occurs as an outcome of disruption of intestinal immune surveillance and gut dysbiosis. Clinical and endoscopic presentation of both entities is strikingly similar, which often guides management. Though well established in inflammatory bowel disease, little is known about the long term outcomes of IMEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Shirwaikar Thomas
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Stephen Hanauer
- Division of Gastroenterology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Yinghong Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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Halper-Stromberg A, Dalal SR. The Role of the Microbiome in the Etiology of Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Clin Colon Rectal Surg 2023; 36:120-126. [PMID: 36844713 PMCID: PMC9946717 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) result from dysregulated immune responses to environmental and microbial triggers in genetically susceptible hosts. Many clinical observations and animal studies support the role of the microbiome in the pathogenesis of IBD. Restoration of the fecal stream leads to postoperative Crohn's recurrence, while diversion can treat active inflammation. Antibiotics can be effective in prevention of postoperative Crohn's recurrence and in pouch inflammation. Several gene mutations associated with Crohn's risk lead to functional changes in microbial sensing and handling. However, the evidence linking the microbiome to the IBD is largely correlative, given the difficulty in studying the microbiome before disease occurs. Attempts to modify the microbial triggers of inflammation have had modest success to date. Exclusive enteral nutrition can treat Crohn's inflammation though no whole food diet to date has been shown to treat inflammation. Manipulation of the microbiome through fecal microbiota transplant and probiotics have had limited success. Further focus on early changes in the microbiome and functional consequences of microbial changes through the study of metabolomics are needed to help advance the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariel Halper-Stromberg
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Dept of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Sushila R. Dalal
- University of Chicago Medicine Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Dept of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
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Saadh MJ, Pal RS, Arias-Gonzáles JL, Orosco Gavilán JC, JC D, Mohany M, Al-Rejaie SS, Bahrami A, Kadham MJ, Amin AH, Georgia H. A Mendelian Randomization Analysis Investigates Causal Associations between Inflammatory Bowel Diseases and Variable Risk Factors. Nutrients 2023; 15:1202. [PMID: 36904201 PMCID: PMC10005338 DOI: 10.3390/nu15051202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The question of whether variable risk factors and various nutrients are causally related to inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) has remained unanswered so far. Thus, this study investigated whether genetically predicted risk factors and nutrients play a function in the occurrence of inflammatory bowel diseases, including ulcerative colitis (UC), non-infective colitis (NIC), and Crohn's disease (CD), using Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Utilizing the data of genome-wide association studies (GWASs) with 37 exposure factors, we ran Mendelian randomization analyses based on up to 458,109 participants. Univariable and multivariable MR analyses were conducted to determine causal risk factors for IBD diseases. Genetic predisposition to smoking and appendectomy as well as vegetable and fruit intake, breastfeeding, n-3 PUFAs, n-6 PUFAs, vitamin D, total cholesterol, whole-body fat mass, and physical activity were related to the risk of UC (p < 0.05). The effect of lifestyle behaviors on UC was attenuated after correcting for appendectomy. Genetically driven smoking, alcohol consumption, appendectomy, tonsillectomy, blood calcium, tea intake, autoimmune diseases, type 2 diabetes, cesarean delivery, vitamin D deficiency, and antibiotic exposure increased the risk of CD (p < 0.05), while vegetable and fruit intake, breastfeeding, physical activity, blood zinc, and n-3 PUFAs decreased the risk of CD (p < 0.05). Appendectomy, antibiotics, physical activity, blood zinc, n-3 PUFAs, and vegetable fruit intake remained significant predictors in multivariable MR (p < 0.05). Besides smoking, breastfeeding, alcoholic drinks, vegetable and fruit intake, vitamin D, appendectomy, and n-3 PUFAs were associated with NIC (p < 0.05). Smoking, alcoholic drinks, vegetable and fruit intake, vitamin D, appendectomy, and n-3 PUFAs remained significant predictors in multivariable MR (p < 0.05). Our results provide new and comprehensive evidence demonstrating that there are approving causal effects of various risk factors on IBDs. These findings also supply some suggestions for the treatment and prevention of these diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J. Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan;
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman 11152, Jordan
| | - Rashmi Saxena Pal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144001, Punjab, India;
| | - José Luis Arias-Gonzáles
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Studies, Pontifical University of Peru, San Miguel 15088, Peru;
| | | | - Darshan JC
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Yenepoya Pharmacy College & Research Centre, Yenepoya Deemed to Be University, Mangalore 575018, Karnataka, India;
| | - Mohamed Mohany
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.); (S.S.A.-R.)
| | - Salim S. Al-Rejaie
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 55760, Riyadh 1145, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.); (S.S.A.-R.)
| | - Abolfazl Bahrami
- Biomedical Center for Systems Biology Science Munich, Ludwig Maximilians University, 80333 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Ali H. Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt;
| | - Hrosti Georgia
- Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
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Role of an Exclusion Diet (Reduced Disaccharides, Saturated Fats, Emulsifiers, Red and Ultraprocessed Meats) in Maintaining the Remission of Chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases in Adults. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59020329. [PMID: 36837530 PMCID: PMC9959761 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59020329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Inflammatory bowel diseases are a main focus in current research, with diet being an emerging therapeutic line due to its links in both onset and progression. A Western-style diet high in processed foods, food additives, red meat, and animal fat has been linked to a higher risk of developing IBD. The aim of this study was to establish an association between an anti-inflammatory exclusion diet and maintenance of remission in IBD. Also, we assessed the efficacy and safety of this diet compared to a non-dietary group and the possible therapeutic effect of this diet in the maintenance of IBD remission. Materials and Methods: A total of 160 patients with IBD were screened for inclusion, but 21 did not met the inclusion criteria. Thus, 139 patients were assigned to either an exclusion diet or a regular diet according to their choice. Results: Clinical remission after six months was maintained in the exclusion diet arm (100%). In the control arm, four patients had clinically active disease (one patient with UC and three with CD), and 90 patients maintained the clinical remission state (95.7%) (p-value = 0.157). Regarding biochemical markers, ESR at baseline was higher in the exclusion diet arm: 29 (5-62) versus in the control arm 16 (4-48) (p-value = 0.019), but six months after, the groups were similar (p-value = 0.440). Conclusions: Patients who followed an exclusion diet maintained clinical remission more frequently. However, the threshold for statistical significance was not achieved. There was also a trend of improvement in inflammation tests in the intervention group.
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12
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Cassotta M, Cianciosi D, De Giuseppe R, Navarro-Hortal MD, Armas Diaz Y, Forbes-Hernández TY, Pifarre KT, Pascual Barrera AE, Grosso G, Xiao J, Battino M, Giampieri F. Possible role of nutrition in the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease-related colorectal cancer: A focus on human studies. Nutrition 2023; 110:111980. [PMID: 36965240 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2023.111980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are at substantially high risk for colorectal cancer (CRC). IBD-associated CRC accounts for roughly 10% to 15% of the annual mortality in patients with IBD. IBD-related CRC also affects younger patients compared with sporadic CRC, with a 5-y survival rate of 50%. Regardless of medical therapies, the persistent inflammatory state characterizing IBD raises the risk for precancerous changes and CRC, with additional input from several elements, including genetic and environmental risk factors, IBD-associated comorbidities, intestinal barrier dysfunction, and gut microbiota modifications. It is well known that nutritional habits and dietary bioactive compounds can influence IBD-associated inflammation, microbiome abundance and composition, oxidative stress balance, and gut permeability. Additionally, in recent years, results from broad epidemiologic and experimental studies have associated certain foods or nutritional patterns with the risk for colorectal neoplasia. The present study aimed to review the possible role of nutrition in preventing IBD-related CRC, focusing specifically on human studies. It emerges that nutritional interventions based on healthy, nutrient-dense dietary patterns characterized by a high intake of fiber, vegetables, fruit, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and a low amount of animal proteins, processed foods, and alcohol, combined with probiotic supplementation have the potential of reducing IBD-activity and preventing the risk of IBD-related CRC through different mechanisms, suggesting that targeted nutritional interventions may represent a novel promising approach for the prevention and management of IBD-associated CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuela Cassotta
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain
| | - Danila Cianciosi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Rachele De Giuseppe
- Laboratory of Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy; NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo 90133, Italy
| | - Maria Dolores Navarro-Hortal
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú," Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Yasmany Armas Diaz
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | - Tamara Yuliett Forbes-Hernández
- Biomedical Research Centre, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology "José Mataix Verdú," Department of Physiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Kilian Tutusaus Pifarre
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain; Project Department, Universidade Internacional do Cuanza, Cuito, Bié, Angola
| | - Alina Eugenia Pascual Barrera
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain; Department of Project Management, Universidad Internacional Iberoamericana, Campeche, Mexico
| | - Giuseppe Grosso
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universidade de Vigo - Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Maurizio Battino
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain; Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Polytechnic University of Marche, Ancona, Italy; International Joint Research Laboratory of Intelligent Agriculture and Agri-products Processing, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Francesca Giampieri
- Research Group on Food, Nutritional Biochemistry and Health, Universidad Europea del Atlántico, Santander, Spain.
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13
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Chapuy L, Leduc B, Godin D, Damphousse A, Patey N, Dal Soglio D, Jantchou P, Deslandres C. Phenotype and outcomes of very early onset and early onset inflammatory bowel diseases in a Montreal pediatric cohort. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1157025. [PMID: 37082701 PMCID: PMC10110991 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1157025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives The incidence of very-early-onset inflammatory bowel disease (VEO-IBD) and early-onset IBD (EO-IBD) is increasing. Here, we report their phenotype and outcomes in a Montreal pediatric cohort. Methods We analyzed data from patients diagnosed with IBD between January 2014 and December 2018 from the CHU Sainte-Justine. The primary endpoint was to compare the phenotypes of VEO-IBD and EO-IBD. The secondary endpoints involved comparing outcomes and rates of steroid-free clinical remission (SFCR) at 12 (±2) months (m) post-diagnosis and at last follow-up. Results 28 (14 males) and 67 (34 males) patients were diagnosed with VEO-IBD and EO-IBD, respectively. Crohn's disease (CD) was more prevalent in EO-IBD (64.2% vs. 39.3%), whereas unclassified colitis (IBD-U) was diagnosed in 28.6% of VEO-IBD vs. 10.4% of EO-IBD (p < 0.03). Ulcerative colitis (UC) and IBD-U predominantly presented as pancolitis in both groups (VEO-IBD: 76.5% vs. EO-IBD: 70.8%). Combining all disease subtypes, histological upper GI lesions were found in 57.2% of VEO-IBD vs. 83.6% of EO-IBD (p < 0.009). In each subtype, no differential histological signature (activity, eosinophils, apoptotic bodies, granulomas) was observed between both groups. At 12 m post-diagnosis, 60.8% of VEO-IBD and 62.7% of EO-IBD patients were in SFCR. At a median follow-up of 56 m, SFCR was observed in 85.7% of VEO-IBD vs. 85.0% of EO-IBD patients. Conclusion The rate of patients in SFCR at 1-year post-diagnosis and at the end of follow-up did not significantly differ between both groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Chapuy
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics,CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- CRCHUM, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Bertrand Leduc
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - David Godin
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Amélie Damphousse
- Department of Radiology, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Nathalie Patey
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Dorothee Dal Soglio
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pathology, CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Prevost Jantchou
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics,CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Colette Deslandres
- Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics,CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
- CHU Sainte Justine Research Center, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, Canada
- Correspondence: Colette Deslandres
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14
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The Mediterranean Diet in Paediatric Gastrointestinal Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 15:nu15010079. [PMID: 36615737 PMCID: PMC9823641 DOI: 10.3390/nu15010079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is considered one of the healthiest dietary patterns worldwide, thanks to a combination of foods rich mainly in antioxidants and anti-inflammatory nutrients. Many studies have demonstrated a strong relationship between the Mediterranean diet and some chronic gastrointestinal diseases. The aim of this narrative review was to analyse the role of the Mediterranean diet in several gastrointestinal diseases, so as to give a useful overview on its effectiveness in the prevention and management of these disorders.
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15
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Lopes EW, Chan SSM, Song M, Ludvigsson JF, Håkansson N, Lochhead P, Clark A, Burke KE, Ananthakrishnan AN, Cross AJ, Palli D, Bergmann MM, Richter JM, Chan AT, Olén O, Wolk A, Khalili H. Lifestyle factors for the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 2022; 72:gutjnl-2022-328174. [PMID: 36591609 PMCID: PMC10241983 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-328174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To estimate the proportion of cases of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) that could be prevented by modifiable lifestyle factors. DESIGN In a prospective cohort study of US adults from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS; n=72 290), NHSII (n=93 909) and Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS; n=41 871), we created modifiable risk scores (MRS; 0-6) for CD and UC based on established lifestyle risk factors, and healthy lifestyle scores (HLS; 0-9) derived from American healthy lifestyle recommendations. We calculated the population attributable risk by comparing the incidence of CD and UC between low-risk (CD-MRS≤1, UC-MRS≤2, HLS≥7) and high-risk groups. We externally validated our findings in three European cohorts: the Swedish Mammography Cohort (n=37 275), Cohort of Swedish Men (n=40 810) and European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (n=404 144). RESULTS Over 5 117 021 person-years of follow-up (NHS, HPFS: 1986-2016; NHSII: 1991-2017), we documented 346 CD and 456 UC cases. Adherence to a low MRS could have prevented 42.9% (95% CI 12.2% to 66.1%) of CD and 44.4% (95% CI 9.0% to 69.8%) of UC cases. Similarly, adherence to a healthy lifestyle could have prevented 61.1% (95% CI 16.8% to 84.9%) of CD and 42.2% (95% CI 1.7% to 70.9%) of UC cases. In our validation cohorts, adherence to a low MRS and healthy lifestyle could have, respectively, prevented 43.9%-51.2% and 48.8%-60.4% of CD cases and 20.6%-27.8% and 46.8%-56.3% of UC cases. CONCLUSIONS Across six US and European cohorts, a substantial burden of inflammatory bowel diseases risk may be preventable through lifestyle modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W Lopes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Simon S M Chan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Norfolk and Norwich University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Norwich, UK
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Mingyang Song
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard University T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jonas F Ludvigsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Pediatrics, Orebro universitet, Orebro, Sweden
| | - Niclas Håkansson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Paul Lochhead
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Allan Clark
- Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK
| | - Kristin E Burke
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ashwin N Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Amanda J Cross
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Cancer Screening & Prevention Research Group, Department of Surgery & Cancer, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Domenico Palli
- Cancer Risk Factors and Life-Style Epidemiology Unit, Institute for Cancer Research, Prevention and Clinical Network-ISPRO, Florence, Italy
| | - Manuela M Bergmann
- Epidemiology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrucke, Nuthetal, Germany
| | - James M Richter
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Ola Olén
- Department of Medicine, Solna, Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Karolinska institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Sachs' Children's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alicja Wolk
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Uppsala Universitet, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hamed Khalili
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Broad Institute, of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA
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16
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Panufnik P, Więcek M, Kaniewska M, Lewandowski K, Szwarc P, Rydzewska G. Selected Aspects of Nutrition in the Prevention and Treatment of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14234965. [PMID: 36500995 PMCID: PMC9737796 DOI: 10.3390/nu14234965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease has become a global health problem at the turn of the 21st century. The pathogenesis of this disorder has not been fully explained. In addition to non-modifiable genetic factors, a number of modifiable factors such as diet or gut microbiota have been identified. In this paper, the authors focus on the role of nutrition in the prevention of inflammatory bowel disease as well as on the available options to induce disease remission by means of dietary interventions such as exclusive and partial enteral nutrition in Crohn's disease, the efficacy of which is reported to be comparable to that of steroid therapy. Diet is also important in patients with inflammatory bowel disease in the remission stage, during which some patients report irritable bowel disease-like symptoms. In these patients, the effectiveness of diets restricting the intake of oligo-, di-, monosaccharides, and polyols is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Panufnik
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (G.R.)
| | - Martyna Więcek
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kaniewska
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Konrad Lewandowski
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Paulina Szwarc
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
| | - Grażyna Rydzewska
- Clinical Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Subunit, Central Clinical Hospital of Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warszawa, Poland
- Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University, 25-317 Kielce, Poland
- Correspondence: (P.P.); (G.R.)
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17
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Di Rosa C, Altomare A, Imperia E, Spiezia C, Khazrai YM, Guarino MPL. The Role of Dietary Fibers in the Management of IBD Symptoms. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14224775. [PMID: 36432460 PMCID: PMC9696206 DOI: 10.3390/nu14224775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are chronic, progressive, immune-mediated diseases of the intestinal tract. The main subtypes of IBDs are Chron's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). The etiology is still unclear, but there are genetic, environmental and host-related factors that contribute to the development of these diseases. Recent literature has shown that dietary therapy is the cornerstone of IBD treatment in terms of management of symptoms, relapse and care of the pathology. IBD patients show that microbiota dysbiosis and diet, especially dietary fiber, can modulate its composition. These patients are more at risk of energy protein malnutrition than the general population and are deficient in micronutrients. So far, no dietary component is considered responsible for IBD and there is not a specific therapeutic diet for it. The aim of this review is to evaluate the role of dietary fibers in CD and UC and help health professionals in the nutritional management of these pathologies. Further studies are necessary to determine the appropriate amount and type of fiber to suggest in the case of IBD to ameliorate psychosocial conditions and patients' quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Di Rosa
- Research Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Annamaria Altomare
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Elena Imperia
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Chiara Spiezia
- Research Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Yeganeh Manon Khazrai
- Research Unit of Food Science and Human Nutrition, Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Nutrition and Prevention, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
| | - Michele Pier Luca Guarino
- Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, 00128 Roma, Italy
- Operative Research Unit of Gastroenterology, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Campus Bio-Medico, Via Alvaro del Portillo, 200, 00128 Roma, Italy
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18
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Tan YL, Zhao YE. Advances in understanding of effects of dietary nutrients in inflammatory bowel disease patients. Shijie Huaren Xiaohua Zazhi 2022; 30:921-927. [DOI: 10.11569/wcjd.v30.i21.921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The occurrence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is influenced by environmental factors. Diet, as an important environmental factor, is closely associated with intestinal ecology and plays a critical role in the pathological process of IBD. This review summarizes the role of major dietary nutrients in the pathogenesis of IBD, with an aim to provide clues for the prevention and treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Li Tan
- Department of Gastroenterology, TongJi Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
| | - Yu-E Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, TongJi Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei Province, China
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19
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Gala D, Newsome T, Roberson N, Lee SM, Thekkanal M, Shah M, Kumar V, Bandaru P, Gayam V. Thromboembolic Events in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Comprehensive Overview. Diseases 2022; 10:diseases10040073. [PMID: 36278572 PMCID: PMC9589934 DOI: 10.3390/diseases10040073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis are chronic inflammatory disorders of the intestines. The underlying inflammation activates the coagulation cascade leading to an increased risk of developing arterial and venous thromboembolic events such as deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. Patients with IBD are at a 2–3-fold increased risk of developing thromboembolism. This risk increases in patients with active IBD disease, flare-ups, surgery, steroid treatment, and hospitalization. These complications are associated with significant morbidity and mortality making them important in clinical practice. Clinicians should consider the increased risk of thromboembolic events in patients with IBD and manage them with appropriate prophylaxis based on the risk. In this review, we discuss the literature associated with the pathophysiology of thromboembolism in patients with IBD, summarize the studies describing the various thromboembolic events, and the management of thromboembolism in patients with IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhir Gala
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, 1 University Drive at Jordan Dr, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten, The Netherlands
- Correspondence:
| | - Taylor Newsome
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, 1 University Drive at Jordan Dr, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten, The Netherlands
| | - Nicole Roberson
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, 1 University Drive at Jordan Dr, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten, The Netherlands
| | - Soo Min Lee
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, 1 University Drive at Jordan Dr, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten, The Netherlands
| | - Marvel Thekkanal
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, 1 University Drive at Jordan Dr, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten, The Netherlands
| | - Mili Shah
- American University of the Caribbean School of Medicine, 1 University Drive at Jordan Dr, Cupecoy, Sint Maarten, The Netherlands
| | - Vikash Kumar
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, 121 DeKalb Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Praneeth Bandaru
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, 121 DeKalb Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
| | - Vijay Gayam
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Brooklyn Hospital Center, 121 DeKalb Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA
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20
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Dietary Beliefs in Children and Adolescents with Inflammatory Bowel Disease and their Parents. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2022; 75:e43-e48. [PMID: 35706104 DOI: 10.1097/mpg.0000000000003527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) may have diet-related beliefs that lead to restrictive dietary behaviours. This study aimed to evaluate dietary beliefs in young patients with IBD and their parents and the presence of restrictive behaviours. METHODS A questionnaire regarding dietary beliefs was administered to IBD patients aged 8-17 years and their parents. A Food Frequency Questionnaire was administered to patients with IBD and a peer control group. RESULTS Seventy-five patients and 105 parents were interviewed. Twenty-seven (36%) patients and 39 (37.1%) parents believed that dietary modifications could control the IBD course.Twenty-five (33.0%) patients and 33 (33.0%) parents believe that some dietary components can prevent relapse or improve symptoms (mainly abdominal pain and diarrhoea), while 36 (48%) patients and 60 (60.0%) parents believe that some foods can induce or worsen symptoms during an IBD flare.Patients believe that milk, dairy, fried and spicy foods, sweets and carbonated drinks could have a negative effect on IBD while fruits, vegetables and rice could have a positive impact. Parents believe that fruits and vegetables have a negative effect.Responses did not differ among patients classified according to IBD phenotype, activity status, or current therapies.Compared to controls, young patients with IBD have reduced daily consumption of milk, lunch meat, raw and cooked vegetables. CONCLUSIONS About one-third of paediatric patients with IBD and their parents have dietary beliefs that lead to restrictive dietary behaviours.
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21
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Diet remains an important topic for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), yet few guidelines for dietary recommendations exist. There is a growing interest in the use of diet as treatment or adjuvant therapy for both ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. Here, we highlight the latest evidence on the use of diet for treatment of symptoms, active disease and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. RECENT FINDINGS The Crohn's Disease Exclusion Diet (CDED) and the Specific Carbohydrate Diet (SCD) are studied diets that have gained popularity, but there is growing interest in the use and efficacy of less restrictive diets such as the Mediterranean diet. Recent data suggest healthful dietary patterns alone, with an emphasis on whole foods that are high in vegetable fibre and that promote less consumption of ultra-processed foods may also help achieve remission in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. SUMMARY In this review, we summarize the literature on diet as treatment for IBD. We highlight the latest clinical dietary studies, randomized clinical trials, as well as new and emerging diets for the treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank A Cusimano
- Department of Medicine, Jackson Memorial Health System/University of Miami
| | - Oriana M Damas
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of Miami-Leonard Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
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22
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Krela-Kaźmierczak I, Zakerska-Banaszak O, Skrzypczak-Zielińska M, Łykowska-Szuber L, Szymczak-Tomczak A, Zawada A, Rychter AM, Ratajczak AE, Skoracka K, Skrzypczak D, Marcinkowska E, Słomski R, Dobrowolska A. Where Do We Stand in the Behavioral Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease? The Western Dietary Pattern and Microbiota-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14122520. [PMID: 35745251 PMCID: PMC9230670 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the increasing knowledge with regard to IBD (inflammatory bowel disease), including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD), the etiology of these conditions is still not fully understood. Apart from immunological, environmental and nutritional factors, which have already been well documented, it is worthwhile to look at the possible impact of genetic factors, as well as the composition of the microbiota in patients suffering from IBD. New technologies in biochemistry allow to obtain information that can add to the current state of knowledge in IBD etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iwona Krela-Kaźmierczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.-K.); (O.Z.-B.); (D.S.)
| | - Oliwia Zakerska-Banaszak
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.-Z.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.-K.); (O.Z.-B.); (D.S.)
| | | | - Liliana Łykowska-Szuber
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Aleksandra Szymczak-Tomczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Agnieszka Zawada
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Anna Maria Rychter
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Alicja Ewa Ratajczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Kinga Skoracka
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 61-701 Poznań, Poland
| | - Dorota Skrzypczak
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
- Correspondence: (I.K.-K.); (O.Z.-B.); (D.S.)
| | - Emilia Marcinkowska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
| | - Ryszard Słomski
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, 60-479 Poznań, Poland; (M.S.-Z.); (R.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Dobrowolska
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dietetics and Internal Medicine, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-355 Poznań, Poland; (L.Ł.-S.); (A.S.-T.); (A.Z.); (A.M.R.); (A.E.R.); (K.S.); (E.M.); (A.D.)
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23
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Lin L, Li Y, Zhou G, Wang Y, Li L, Han J, Chen M, He Y, Zhang S. Multi-Omics Analysis of Western-style Diet Increased Susceptibility to Experimental Colitis in Mice. J Inflamm Res 2022; 15:2523-2537. [PMID: 35479832 PMCID: PMC9037890 DOI: 10.2147/jir.s361039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Western-style diet (WSD) is associated with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) prevalence. However, the impact of WSD on IBD development and its underlying mechanism remain unclear. Transcriptomics and metabolomics could be beneficial for identifying key factors in WSD-related experimental IBD susceptibility. However, no such study has been conducted yet. We aimed to analyze the implications of WSD for experimental colitis susceptibility in mice and its underlying mechanism using these high-throughput technologies. Methods We fed experimental mice a WSD and a control diet from weaning. After 9 weeks, the mice were treated with 2,4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid to induce colitis, and the control group was treated with 50% ethanol (commonly used IBD animal model). Genome-wide microarray and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry were used to identify the differential transcripts and metabolites of experimental colitis with and without pre-illness WSD. Results WSD induced more severe inflammation in experimental colitis than the control diet. We found 2540 up-regulated genes and 2737 down-regulated genes in experimental colitis with WSD compared with those for the control diet. In addition, levels of 41 colonic tissue metabolites and 56 serum metabolites showed significant differences. Integrating transcriptomic and metabolomic data, we found major co-expression networks through which WSD promoted experimental IBD susceptibility, including enzymes of biotransformation, glycan synthesis and metabolism, steroid hormone metabolites. Conclusion Pre-illness WSD increased experimental colitis susceptibility. Our results could provide important evidences for the potential mechanisms and assist dietary recommendations to better manage IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihui Lin
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Division of Gastroenterology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gaoshi Zhou
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Li
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Han
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Minhu Chen
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yao He
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shenghong Zhang
- Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Shenghong Zhang; Yao He, Division of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China, Email ;
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24
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Diet-Microbiota Interplay: An Emerging Player in Macrophage Plasticity and Intestinal Health. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073901. [PMID: 35409260 PMCID: PMC8998881 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/30/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are chronic disorders of the gastrointestinal tract with an increasing prevalence worldwide. Targeted therapies for IBD are limited by several factors, including the therapeutic ceiling and the high incidence of non-responders or loss-of-response. In order to improve therapeutic efficacy, there is critical need to decipher disease pathogenesis, currently not well understood. Macrophages, innate immune cells that exhibit high plasticity, perpetuate inflammatory signalling in IBD through excessive release of inflammatory mediators. In recent years, pioneering research has revealed the importance of the interplay between macrophages and gut microbiota in maintaining intestinal homeostasis. Particular attention is focusing on microbiota-derived metabolites, believed to possess immunomodulatory properties capable of manipulating macrophage plasticity. Microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and indole compounds, along with dietary sourced omega-3 (ω-3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), exert anti-inflammatory effects, attributable to interactions with macrophages. Before we can effectively incorporate these metabolites into IBD therapies, a deeper understanding of microbiota-macrophage interactions at a molecular level is necessary. Therefore, the aim of this review is firstly to detail current knowledge regarding how diet and microbiota-derived metabolites modify macrophage plasticity. Later, we discuss the concept of therapeutic strategies directed at microbiota-macrophage interactions, which could be highly valuable for IBD therapies in the future.
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25
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He P, Yu L, Tian F, Zhang H, Chen W, Zhai Q. Dietary Patterns and Gut Microbiota: The Crucial Actors in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Adv Nutr 2022; 13:1628-1651. [PMID: 35348593 PMCID: PMC9526834 DOI: 10.1093/advances/nmac029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
It is widely believed that diet and the gut microbiota are strongly related to the occurrence and progression of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but the effects of the interaction between dietary patterns and the gut microbiota on IBD have not been well elucidated. In this article, we aim to explore the complex relation between dietary patterns, gut microbiota, and IBD. We first comprehensively summarized the dietary patterns associated with IBD and found that dietary patterns can modulate the occurrence and progression of IBD through various signaling pathways, including mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), and NF-κB. Besides, the gut microbiota performs a vital role in the progression of IBD, which can affect the expression of IBD susceptibility genes, such as dual oxidase 2 (DUOX2) and APOA-1 , the intestinal barrier (in particular, the expression of tight junction proteins), immune function (especially the homeostasis between effector and regulatory T cells) and the physiological metabolism, in particular, SCFAs, bile acids (BAs), and tryptophan metabolism. Finally, we reviewed the current knowledge on the interaction between dietary patterns and the gut microbiota in IBD and found that dietary patterns modulate the onset and progression of IBD, which is partly attributed to the regulation of the gut microbiota (especially SCFAs-producing bacteria and Escherichia coli). Faecalibacteria as "microbiomarkers" of IBD could be used as a target for dietary interventions to alleviate IBD. A comprehensive understanding of the interplay between dietary intake, gut microbiota, and IBD will facilitate the development of personalized dietary strategies based on the regulation of the gut microbiota in IBD and expedite the era of precision nutritional interventions for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pandi He
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Leilei Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fengwei Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center, Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research Institute Wuxi Branch, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China,National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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26
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Chronic Intestinal Disorders in Humans and Pets: Current Management and the Potential of Nutraceutical Antioxidants as Alternatives. Animals (Basel) 2022; 12:ani12070812. [PMID: 35405802 PMCID: PMC8996831 DOI: 10.3390/ani12070812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Chronic disorders of the intestinal tract (CID) are characterized by signs of inflammation of the intestine for a period of at least three weeks. Both humans and pets can be affected by these disorders. Different therapeutic approaches can be selected to treat patients and the use of natural products has been increased in the last decade, since oxidative stress plays a key role in the progression of the chronic intestinal disorders. In this review, the antioxidant proprieties of several natural products with potential for treatment of CID in human and veterinary medicine are highlighted. Unfortunately, few clinical trials report the use of these products for treating CID in humans and none in animals. Abstract Chronic intestinal disorders (CID) are characterized by persistent, or recurrent gastrointestinal (GI) signs present for at least three weeks. In human medicine, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a group of chronic GI diseases and includes Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). On the other hand, the general term chronic enteropathies (CE) is preferred in veterinary medicine. Different therapeutic approaches to these diseases are used in both humans and pets. This review is focused on the use of traditional therapies and nutraceuticals with specific antioxidant properties, for the treatment of CID in humans and animal patients. There is strong evidence of the antioxidant properties of the nutraceuticals included in this review, but few studies report their use for treating CID in humans and none in animals. Despite this fact, the majority of the nutraceuticals described in the present article could be considered as promising alternatives for the regular treatment of CID in human and veterinary medicine.
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27
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Popa SL, Dumitrascu DI, Brata VD, Duse TA, Florea MD, Ismaiel A, Muntean LM, Grad S. Nutrition in Ankylosing Spondyloarthropathies and Related Immune-Mediated Disorders. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14061278. [PMID: 35334935 PMCID: PMC8951113 DOI: 10.3390/nu14061278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research on the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis and related immune-mediated diseases associated with human leukocyte antigen class I molecule B27 (HLA-B27) has led to significant progress in terms of management and prognosis, with multiple treatments being constantly evaluated and implemented. Correlations between the genetic background of spondyloarthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases and the inflammatory processes involving gut microbiota have been established. This knowledge has allowed progress in pharmacological therapy. The role of diet in the pathogenesis and treatment of diseases pertaining to the HLA-B27 spectrum is of great significance, considering possible future applications in individualized medicine. Diet impacts the composition of gut microbiota, representing a substrate for the synthesis of metabolites affecting the mucosal immune system. Certain pro-inflammatory mediators, such as emulsifiers and microparticles, induce a more profound cytokine response, promoting inflammation. Numerous diets, including the low-starch diet, the Mediterranean diet, diets with low contents of fermentable oligosaccharides, disaccharides, monosaccharides and polyols (low-FODMAP diets), gluten-free diets and fasting, have been analysed and correlated with patients’ symptomatology and dietary adherence. The aim of this review is to provide an extensive perspective on the diets available to patients with spondyloarthritis and related immune-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Lucian Popa
- 2nd Medical Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.L.P.); (A.I.); (S.G.)
| | - Dinu Iuliu Dumitrascu
- Department of Anatomy, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Vlad Dumitru Brata
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.D.B.); (T.A.D.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Traian Adrian Duse
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.D.B.); (T.A.D.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Maria Delia Florea
- Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (V.D.B.); (T.A.D.); (M.D.F.)
| | - Abdulrahman Ismaiel
- 2nd Medical Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.L.P.); (A.I.); (S.G.)
| | - Laura Mirela Muntean
- Rheumatology Department, “Iuliu Hațieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Cluj, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Simona Grad
- 2nd Medical Department, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (S.L.P.); (A.I.); (S.G.)
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28
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Ogundepo S, Chiamaka AM, Olatinwo M, Adepoju D, Aladesanmi MT, Celestine UO, Ali KC, Umezinwa OJ, Olasore J, Alausa A. The role of diosgenin in crohn’s disease. CLINICAL PHYTOSCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s40816-022-00338-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractInflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic idiopathic inflammation that can grossly affect the entire gastrointestinal tract (GIT) from the mouth to the anus. Crohn’s disease is the most known type of IBD and has been the focus of attention due to its increase in prevalence worldwide. Although the etiology is yet to be elucidated, recent studies have pointed out Crohn’s disease to arise from a complex interaction between environmental influences, genetic predisposition, and altered gut microbiota, resulting in dysregulated adaptive and innate responses. The presenting hallmarks of Crohn’s disease may include weight loss, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever, or chills. Treatment is usually done with many approved immunosuppressive drugs and surgery. However, a promising avenue from natural compounds is a safer therapy due to its safe natural active ingredients and the strong activity it shows in the treatment and management of diseases. Diosgenin, “a major biologically active natural steroidal sapogenin found in Chinese yam,” has been widely reported as a therapeutic agent in the treatment of various classes of disorders such as hyperlipidemia, inflammation, diabetes, cancer, infection, and immunoregulation. In this review, an analysis of literature data on diosgenin employed as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of Crohn’s disease is approached, to strengthen the scientific database and curtail the dreadful impact of Crohn’s disease.
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29
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Vetuschi A, Battista N, Pompili S, Cappariello A, Prete R, Taticchi A, Selvaggini R, Latella G G, Corsetti A, Sferra R. The antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effect of olive phenols and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMC513 in dextran sodium sulfate-induced chronic colitis. Nutrition 2022; 94:111511. [PMID: 34813981 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES After a chronic intestinal injury, several intestinal cells switch their phenotype to activated myofibroblasts, which in turn release an abnormal amount of extracellular matrix proteins, leading to the onset of the fibrotic process. To date, no resolutive pharmacological treatments are available, and the identification of new therapeutic approaches represents a crucial goal to achieve. The onset, maintenance, and progression of inflammatory bowel disease are related to abnormal intestinal immune responses to environmental factors, including diet and intestinal microflora components. This study aimed to evaluate the potential antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effect of a biologically debittered olive cream and its probiotic oral administration in an experimental model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced chronic colitis. METHODS Chronic colitis was induced in mice by three cycles of oral administration of 2.5% DSS (5 d of DSS followed by 7 d of tap water). Mice were randomly divided into five groups: 10 control mice fed with standard diet (SD), 20 mice receiving SD and DSS (SD+DSS), 20 mice receiving an enriched diet (ED) with olive cream and DSS (ED+DSS), 20 mice receiving SD plus probiotics (PB; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMC513) and DSS (SD+PB+DSS), and 20 mice receiving ED plus PB and DSS (ED+ PB+DSS). Clinical features and large bowel macroscopic, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings were evaluated. RESULTS The simultaneous administration of ED and PB induced a significant reduction in macroscopic and microscopic colitis scores compared with the other DSS-treated groups. In addition, ED and PB led to a significant decrease in the expression of inflammatory cytokines and profibrotic molecules. CONCLUSIONS The concomitant oral administration of a diet enriched with biologically debittered olive cream and a specific probiotic strain (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMC513) can exert synergistic antiinflammatory and antifibrotic action in DSS-induced chronic colitis. Further studies are needed to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms modulated by olive cream compounds and by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMC513.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Vetuschi
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Natalia Battista
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Simona Pompili
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
| | - Alfredo Cappariello
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Roberta Prete
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Agnese Taticchi
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Roberto Selvaggini
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | - Giovanni Latella G
- Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences-Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition Division, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
| | - Aldo Corsetti
- Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy
| | - Roberta Sferra
- Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy
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30
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Lopes EW, Lebwohl B, Burke KE, Ivey KL, Ananthakrishnan AN, Lochhead P, Richter JM, Ludvigsson JF, Willett WC, Chan AT, Khalili H. Dietary Gluten Intake Is Not Associated With Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in US Adults Without Celiac Disease. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 20:303-313.e6. [PMID: 33775898 PMCID: PMC8586848 DOI: 10.1016/j.cgh.2021.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Diet is thought to play a role in the development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), though it is unknown whether gluten intake confers risk of IBD. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between gluten intake and risk of incident Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS We performed a prospective cohort study of 208,280 US participants from the Nurses' Health Study (1986-2016), Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2017), and the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (1986-2016) who did not have IBD at baseline or celiac disease, and who completed semiquantitative food frequency questionnaires. We used Cox proportional hazards modeling to estimate the risk of IBD according to quintiles of cumulative average energy-adjusted dietary gluten intake over the follow-up period. RESULTS We documented 337 CD cases and 447 UC cases over 5,115,265 person-years of follow-up evaluation. Dietary gluten intake was not associated with risk of IBD. Compared with participants in the lowest quintile of gluten intake, the adjusted hazard ratios and 95% CIs for participants in the highest quintile of gluten intake were 1.16 (95% CI, 0.82-1.64; Ptrend = .41) for CD and 1.04 (95% CI, 0.75-1.44; Ptrend = .64) for UC. Adjusting for primary sources of gluten intake did not materially change our estimates. CONCLUSIONS In 3 large adult US prospective cohorts, gluten intake was not associated with risk of CD or UC. Our findings are reassuring at a time when consumption of gluten has been increasingly perceived as a trigger for chronic gastrointestinal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily W. Lopes
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Benjamin Lebwohl
- Celiac Disease Center, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kristin E. Burke
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Kerry L. Ivey
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Nursing and Health Sciences, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia,Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Infection and Immunity Theme, School of Medicine, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Ashwin N. Ananthakrishnan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA,Clinical and Translation Epidemiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Paul Lochhead
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - James M. Richter
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA
| | - Jonas F Ludvigsson
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden,Department of Pediatrics, Örebro University Hospital, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden
| | - Walter C Willett
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Andrew T. Chan
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA,Clinical and Translation Epidemiology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston MA,Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hamed Khalili
- Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Clinical and Translation Epidemiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts; Broad Institute of Massachusetts Institute of Technology and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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31
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Labriola F, Marcato C, Zarbo C, Betti L, Catelli A, Valerii MC, Spisni E, Alvisi P. Dietary Habits of a Group of Children with Crohn’s Disease Compared to Healthy Subjects: Assessment of Risk of Nutritional Deficiencies through a Bromatological Analysis. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030499. [PMID: 35276858 PMCID: PMC8839990 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet is a matter of interest in the pathogenesis and management of Crohn’s Disease (CD). Little is known about CD children’s dietary habits. Our aim was assessing the quality and the amount of nutrient intake in a group of CD pediatric patients. Data were compared with those of healthy subjects (HS). In total, 20 patients (13 males) and 48 HS (24 males) aged 4–18 years were provided with a food diary to fill out for one week. Winfood software performed the bromatological analysis, providing data about intakes of proteins and amino acids, fatty acids, carbohydrates, cholesterol, fibers, minerals, vitamins, and polyphenols. Estimates of the antioxidant activity of foods and of the dietetic protein load were also calculated. The diet of CD patients was poorer in fibers, polyphenols, vitamin A, beta-carotene, and fatty acids, and richer in animal proteins, vitamin B12, and niacin. PRAL was higher in CD patients’ diets, while ORAC was higher in HS. No significant differences were observed in carbohydrate and other macro- and micronutrient consumptions. CD dietary habits seem to reflect the so-called Western diet, possibly involved in CD pathogenesis. Furthermore, analysis of dietary habits allows for prevention of nutritional deficiencies and timely correction through education and supplementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavio Labriola
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Largo Bartolo Nigrisoli, 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.); (C.Z.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Caterina Marcato
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Largo Bartolo Nigrisoli, 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.); (C.Z.); (P.A.)
| | - Chiara Zarbo
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Largo Bartolo Nigrisoli, 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.); (C.Z.); (P.A.)
| | - Ludovica Betti
- Specialty School of Pediatrics—Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Arianna Catelli
- Specialty School of Pediatrics—Alma Mater Studiorum, Università di Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy; (L.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Maria Chiara Valerii
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.V.); (E.S.)
| | - Enzo Spisni
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (M.C.V.); (E.S.)
| | - Patrizia Alvisi
- Pediatric Gastroenterology Unit, Maggiore Hospital, Largo Bartolo Nigrisoli, 2, 40133 Bologna, Italy; (C.M.); (C.Z.); (P.A.)
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High Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption is Associated with Increased Healthcare Utilization in Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Multiyear, Prospective Analysis. J Acad Nutr Diet 2022; 122:1488-1498.e1. [PMID: 34999242 DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2022.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Dietary factors like sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption are known to impact disease course in a variety of illnesses; however, long-term outcomes are not well documented for inflammatory bowel disease. OBJECTIVE Does high consumption of SSBs lead to high healthcare utilization (hospitalizations and emergency department visits), inflammation and disease severity in patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease? DESIGN A prospective cohort study was conducted from 2015-2019. Patients enrolled in the discovery study cohort were followed for 3 years whereas patients in the validation cohort were followed for 2 years. They underwent nutritional assessment and received routine care. Dietary intakes of SSBs and fiber were quantified by a validated, self-reported questionnaire. PARTICIPANTS/SETTING For the discovery study cohort, 1133 adult patients were recruited from the University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Digestive Disease Clinic in Pittsburgh, PA. Eligible patients had a pre-existing diagnosis of Crohn's disease (CD) or Ulcerative colitis (UC) and had at least annual follow-up at this tertiary referral center. EXPOSURE High SSB consumption was defined as 7 or more SSBs per week. Moderate was defined as greater than 2 but fewer than 7 SSBs per week. Low SSB consumption was defined as 2 or fewer SSBs per week. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Primary outcome was time to hospitalization and emergency department visits. Secondary outcomes assessed laboratory markers of disease severity and inflammation. Tertiary outcomes assessed time to hospitalization and emergency department visits in a subsequent independent cohort of patients. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS PERFORMED Multivariable logistic regression, Kaplan-Meier, Cox proportional hazards modeling RESULTS: The discovery cohort included of 1133 adult IBD patients (female 58%, CD 70%, UC 30%, Median age 46y). Low SSB consumption, moderate SSB consumption, and high SSB consumption occurred in 57%, 17%, and 26% in the discovery cohort respectively. Among patients without active disease at enrollment, high SSB consumption was associated with decreased time to hospitalization and emergency department visits when compared to low SSB consumption (HR 1.55 [1.06 - 2.27]; HR 1.53 [1.10 - 2.13]). In terms of disease severity and inflammatory biomarkers, high SSB consumption was associated with increase odds of elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (OR 2.04 [1.31-3.18]), elevated C-reactive protein (OR 1.60 [1.07-2.37]), Eosinophilia (OR 1.88 [1.06-3.335]), and Monocytosis (OR 1.81 [1.18-2.79]) when compared to low SSB consumption after adjusting for baseline differences. Lastly, the validation cohort produced similar results to our primary outcome (high SSB consumption was associated with decreased time to hospitalization and emergency department visits when compared to low SSB consumption). CONCLUSION High SSB consumption was associated with decreased time to hospitalization and emergency department visits. Furthermore, high SSB consumption is associated with disease severity biomarkers and inflammation. Prospective studies assessing the therapeutic impact of nutritional counseling and decreased SSB consumption on long-term IBD clinical course are warranted.
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Huang X, Li Y, Zhuang P, Liu X, Zhang Y, Zhang P, Jiao J. Habitual Fish Oil Supplementation and Risk of Incident Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: A Prospective Population-Based Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:905162. [PMID: 35903442 PMCID: PMC9315369 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.905162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBDs) have been emerging in recent years with the advance of global industrialization and diet pattern transformation. Marine n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFAs), enriched in fish oils, have well-known human health promotion. Evidence on the association of fish oil supplementation with the risk of developing IBDs was scarce. This study aimed to examine the association between the use of fish oil supplements and the risk of developing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) among the general population. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of 447,890 participants aged 40-69 years from the UK Biobank. A touch screen questionnaire was used to get the data about fish oil intake at baseline. Incident diagnoses of IBDs were ascertained by the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-9 and ICD-10) or self-report. Cox proportional hazards model was applied to calculate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of developing IBDs and their subtypes. Results We documented 1,646 incident cases of IBDs, including 533 incident cases of Crohn's disease (CD) and 1,185 incident cases of ulcerative colitis (UC) during an average of 8 years of follow-up. After multivariate adjustment, the use of fish oil was associated with a 12% lower risk of IBDs (HR: 0.88, 95% CI: 0.78-0.99, p = 0.03) compared with non-consumers. For subtypes of IBDs, fish oil supplementation was inversely associated with a 15% lower risk of UC (HR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.75-0.99, p = 0.02) but was not correlated with the risk of CD (p = 0.22). Besides, fish oil supplementation showed a significant inverse correlation with baseline CRP levels (β = -0.021, p < 0.001) and a positive association with baseline albumin levels (β = 0.135, p < 0.001) after adjustment for multiple variates. Conclusion Habitual intake of fish oil supplements was associated with a lower risk of IBDs and UC. Fish oil users tended to have lower baseline C-reactive protein levels and higher baseline albumin levels compared with non-users. It was concluded that fish oil supplement use may be recommended for the prevention and control of IBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxu Huang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yin Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pan Zhuang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Fuli Institute of Food Science, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Pianhong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Jiao
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.,Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Department of Clinical Nutrition, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
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Eindor-Abarbanel A, Healey GR, Jacobson K. Therapeutic Advances in Gut Microbiome Modulation in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease from Pediatrics to Adulthood. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212506. [PMID: 34830388 PMCID: PMC8622771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 11/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
There is mounting evidence that the gut microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). For the past decade, high throughput sequencing-based gut microbiome research has identified characteristic shifts in the composition of the intestinal microbiota in patients with IBD, suggesting that IBD results from alterations in the interactions between intestinal microbes and the host’s mucosal immune system. These studies have been the impetus for the development of new therapeutic approaches targeting the gut microbiome, such as nutritional therapies, probiotics, fecal microbiota transplant and beneficial metabolic derivatives. Innovative technologies can further our understanding of the role the microbiome plays as well as help to evaluate how the different approaches in microbiome modulation impact clinical responses in adult and pediatric patients. In this review, we highlight important microbiome studies in patients with IBD and their response to different microbiome modulation therapies, and describe the differences in therapeutic response between pediatric and adult patient cohorts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adi Eindor-Abarbanel
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia’s Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada; (A.E.-A.); (G.R.H.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, British Columbia’s Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Yitzhak Shamir Medical Center, Affiliated to Tel Aviv University, Beer-Yaakov 7033001, Israel
| | - Genelle R. Healey
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia’s Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada; (A.E.-A.); (G.R.H.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, British Columbia’s Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Kevan Jacobson
- Department of Pediatrics, British Columbia’s Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada; (A.E.-A.); (G.R.H.)
- Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, British Columbia’s Children’s Hospital, Vancouver, BC V6H 3N1, Canada
- BC Children’s Hospital Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Correspondence:
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Khademi Z, Milajerdi A, Larijani B, Esmaillzadeh A. Dietary Intake of Total Carbohydrates, Sugar and Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, and Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Cohort Studies. Front Nutr 2021; 8:707795. [PMID: 34660658 PMCID: PMC8517080 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2021.707795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: No earlier study has summarized findings from prospective cohort studies on the association of dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption and risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The current study was done to quantitatively summarize earlier information from prospective cohort studies on the link between dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and SSBs intake with risk of IBD. Methods: Relevant studies published up to June 2021 were searched through PubMed, Medline, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Google Scholar with the use of relevant keywords. All prospective cohort studies investigating the association of dietary carbohydrates, sugar, and SSBs consumption with risk of IBD were included. Results: Combining 5 effect sizes from 4 cohort studies, no significant association was found between dietary intake of carbohydrates and risk of ulcerative colitis (UC) (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.70–2.14). The same findings were obtained for risk of Crohn's disease (CD) (RR: 1.06; 95% CI: 0.64–1.75) based on 4 studies with 5 effect sizes. A significant positive association was observed between sugar intake and risk of UC (RR: 1.59; 95% CI: 1.15–2.20), as well as CD (RR: 1.90; 95% CI: 1.06–3.41) when 5 effect sizes from 4 cohort studies were combined. The overall effect size, based on 4 estimates, revealed no significant association between SSBs consumption and risk of UC (RR: 1.02; 95% CI: 0.92–1.12) and CD (RR: 1.22; 95% CI: 0.91–1.64). Conclusions: Summarizing earlier studies, sugar intake was found to be associated with increased risk of IBD and its subtypes. Any significant association between dietary intake of carbohydrates and SSBs and risk of IBD and its subtypes was not found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Khademi
- Students' Scientific Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Milajerdi
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular-Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Food Security Research Center, Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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Chiba M, Morita N, Nakamura A, Tsuji K, Harashima E. Increased Incidence of Inflammatory Bowel Disease in Association with Dietary Transition (Westernization) in Japan. JMA J 2021; 4:347-357. [PMID: 34796289 PMCID: PMC8580716 DOI: 10.31662/jmaj.2021-0038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Inflammatory bowel disease has become a global disease, but its key environmental factors still remain unrecognized. This study aimed to clarify the role of dietary transition (westernization) in the increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease in Japan. METHODS Annual numbers of new cases of inflammatory bowel disease in Japan over the period from 1965 to 2000 found in a nationwide database compiled by the government and the daily amount of food and nutrient intake per capita for the same period revealed by the National Nutrition Survey have been used to analyze their interrelation. RESULTS Rapid increases in the estimated incidence per 100,000 population have been observed, that is, from 0.08 in 1965 to 4.8 in 2000 for ulcerative colitis and from 0.003 to 1.3 in 2000 for Crohn's disease, with an extremely high correlation between the annual numbers of new cases of the respective diseases (r = 0.970). Intake of both animal fat and animal protein increased, while intake of rice decreased during the period. Of all food groups, the intake of rice as a staple food showed the highest negative correlation coefficient with the numbers of new cases of both ulcerative colitis (r = -0.825, 95% CI: -0.908 to -0.681, p < 0.0001) and Crohn's disease (r = -0.836, 95% CI: -0.914 to -0.700, p < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS An increased incidence of inflammatory bowel disease was observed to coincide with dietary westernization in Japan. Our results support the assertion that dietary westernization is a key environmental factor in inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuro Chiba
- Division of Gastroenterology, Akita City Hospital, Akita, Japan
| | - Norikazu Morita
- Division of Gastroenterology, Morita GI Clinic, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Akira Nakamura
- Professor Emeritus, Department of Medical Information Science, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Keisuke Tsuji
- Laboratory of Environment for Life and Living, School of Humanities for Environmental Policy and Technology, University of Hyogo, Himeji, Japan
| | - Emiko Harashima
- Nutrition and Life Science, Kanagawa Institute of Technology, Atsugi, Japan
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Elamin S, Cohen J. Telenutrition for Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Tipping Point for Dietary Wellness. CROHNS & COLITIS 360 2021; 3:otab017. [PMID: 34485904 PMCID: PMC8394826 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otab017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,
cause inflammation of the digestive tract. It is estimated that about three
million Americans and, globally, over six million individuals, suffer from IBD.
While most physicians, especially gastroenterologists, are experts in the
function and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract, factors such as nutrition
science education and training, bandwidth, culture, language, and the
longitudinal nature of dietary care, represent some of the barriers to receiving
optimal nutritional guidance. Remote dietary expert counseling, an emerging
solution that has been further highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic, can improve
IBD patients’ nutritional status, avoid food triggers, and reduce the
frequency and severity of exacerbations. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis,
causes inflammation of the digestive tract. Remote nutritional expert care can
improve IBD patients’ nutritional status, avoid food triggers, and reduce
the frequency and severity of exacerbations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sami Elamin
- Hospital Medicine Unit, Department of General Internal Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonah Cohen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Center for Advanced Endoscopy, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Nutrición y enfermedad inflamatoria intestinal: posibles mecanismos en la incidencia y manejo. REVISTA MÉDICA CLÍNICA LAS CONDES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmclc.2021.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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Tayyem RF, Qalqili TR, Ajeen R, Rayyan YM. Dietary Patterns and the Risk of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: Findings from a Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:1889. [PMID: 34072821 PMCID: PMC8229406 DOI: 10.3390/nu13061889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Scientific evidence shows that dietary patterns are associated with the risk of IBD, particularly among unhealthy and Western dietary patterns. However, Western dietary patterns are not exclusive to Western countries, as Jordanians are steadily moving towards a Western lifestyle, which includes an increased consumption of processed foods. This study aims to investigate the association between dietary patterns and the risk factors for IBD cases among Jordanian adults. This case-control study was conducted between November 2018 and December 2019 in the largest three hospitals in Jordan. Three hundred and thirty-five Jordanian adults aged between 18-68 years were enrolled in this study: one hundred and eighty-five IBD patients who were recently diagnosed with IBD (n = 100 for ulcerative colitis (UC) and n = 85 for Crohn's disease (CD)) and 150 IBD-free controls. Participants were matched based on age and marital status. In addition, dietary data was collected from all participants using a validated food frequency questionnaire. Factor analysis and principal component analysis were used to determine the dietary patterns. Odds ratios (OR) and their 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated using a multinomial logistic regression model. Two dietary patterns were identified among the study participants: high-vegetable and high-protein dietary patterns. There was a significantly higher risk of IBD with high-protein intake at the third (OR, CI: 0.136 (0.068-0.271)) and fourth (OR, CI: 0.126 (0.064-0.248)) quartiles in the non-adjusted model as well as the other two adjusted models. In contrast, the high-vegetable dietary pattern shows a significantly protective effect on IBD in the third and fourth quartiles in all the models. Thus, a high-vegetable dietary pattern may be protective against the risk of IBD, while a high-protein dietary pattern is associated with an increased risk of IBD among a group of the Jordanian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reema F. Tayyem
- Department of Human Nutrition, College of Health Sciences, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Research Unit, QU Health, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Tamara R. Qalqili
- Department of Nutrition and Food Technology, Faculty of Agriculture, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
| | - Rawan Ajeen
- Department of Nutrition, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Yaser M. Rayyan
- Department of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan;
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Kim CH. Control of lymphocyte functions by gut microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1161-1171. [PMID: 33850311 PMCID: PMC8093302 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-020-00625-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 49.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A mounting body of evidence indicates that dietary fiber (DF) metabolites produced by commensal bacteria play essential roles in balancing the immune system. DF, considered nonessential nutrients in the past, is now considered to be necessary to maintain adequate levels of immunity and suppress inflammatory and allergic responses. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as acetate, propionate, and butyrate, are the major DF metabolites and mostly produced by specialized commensal bacteria that are capable of breaking down DF into simpler saccharides and further metabolizing the saccharides into SCFAs. SCFAs act on many cell types to regulate a number of important biological processes, including host metabolism, intestinal functions, and immunity system. This review specifically highlights the regulatory functions of DF and SCFAs in the immune system with a focus on major innate and adaptive lymphocytes. Current information regarding how SCFAs regulate innate lymphoid cells, T helper cells, cytotoxic T cells, and B cells and how these functions impact immunity, inflammation, and allergic responses are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang H Kim
- Department of Pathology and Mary H. Weiser Food Allergy Center, University of Michigan School of Medicine, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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Bertani L, Ribaldone DG, Bellini M, Mumolo MG, Costa F. Inflammatory Bowel Diseases: Is There a Role for Nutritional Suggestions? Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041387. [PMID: 33924119 PMCID: PMC8074318 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Nutrition has an important impact on inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD). In particular, several studies have addressed its role in their pathogenesis, showing how the incidence of IBD significantly increased in recent years. Meanwhile, nutrition should be considered a component of the treatment of the disease, both as a therapy itself, and especially in the perspective of correcting the various nutritional deficiencies shown by these patients. In this perspective, nutritional suggestions are very important even in the most severe forms of IBD, requiring hospitalization or surgical treatment. Although current knowledge about nutrition in IBD is increasing over time, nutritional suggestions are often underestimated by clinicians. This narrative review is an update summary of current knowledge on nutritional suggestions in IBD, in order to address the impact of nutrition on pathogenesis, micro- and macro-nutrients deficiencies (especially in the case of sarcopenia and obesity), as well as in hospitalized patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bertani
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (L.B.); (M.B.)
| | | | - Massimo Bellini
- Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, University of Pisa, 56100 Pisa, Italy; (L.B.); (M.B.)
| | - Maria Gloria Mumolo
- IBD Unit, Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco Costa
- IBD Unit, Department of General Surgery and Gastroenterology, Pisa University Hospital, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-050-997-392
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Persimmon-derived tannin ameliorates the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis in a murine model through inhibition of the inflammatory response and alteration of microbiota. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7286. [PMID: 33790314 PMCID: PMC8012611 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86608-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) induced by dysregulation of the immune response in the intestinal mucosa. Although the underlying mechanisms of UC development are not fully understood, disruption of gut microbiota, “dysbiosis”, is thought to lead to the development of IBD. Persimmon (Ebenaceae Diospyros kaki Thunb.)-derived tannin, which is a condensed polymeric tannin consisting of catechin groups, has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activities. In this study, we assessed the effect of persimmon-derived tannin on a murine model of UC established by dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in female mice. Dietary supplementation of tannin significantly decreased disease activity and colon inflammation. A hydrolysate of tannin directly suppressed expression of inflammatory genes in macrophages in vitro. In faecal microbiota, the relative abundance of Bacteroides was increased significantly by tannin supplementation. Alpha-diversity indices in colitis-induced mice were significantly higher in the tannin diet group compared with the control diet group. Additionally, expansion of Enterobacteriaceae and Enterococcus, which is associated with disease progression of IBD, was remarkably suppressed in the tannin diet group. These results suggest that persimmon-derived tannin ameliorates colon inflammation in UC through alteration of the microbiota composition and immune response, which may be a promising candidate for IBD therapy.
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Food and Food Groups in Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD): The Design of the Groningen Anti-Inflammatory Diet (GrAID). Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13041067. [PMID: 33806061 PMCID: PMC8064481 DOI: 10.3390/nu13041067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Diet plays a pivotal role in the onset and course of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Patients are keen to know what to eat to reduce symptoms and flares, but dietary guidelines are lacking. To advice patients, an overview of the current evidence on food (group) level is needed. This narrative review studies the effects of food (groups) on the onset and course of IBD and if not available the effects in healthy subjects or animal and in vitro IBD models. Based on this evidence the Groningen anti-inflammatory diet (GrAID) was designed and compared on food (group) level to other existing IBD diets. Although on several foods conflicting results were found, this review provides patients a good overview. Based on this evidence, the GrAID consists of lean meat, eggs, fish, plain dairy (such as milk, yoghurt, kefir and hard cheeses), fruit, vegetables, legumes, wheat, coffee, tea and honey. Red meat, other dairy products and sugar should be limited. Canned and processed foods, alcohol and sweetened beverages should be avoided. This comprehensive review focuses on anti-inflammatory properties of foods providing IBD patients with the best evidence on which foods they should eat or avoid to reduce flares. This was used to design the GrAID.
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Gasaly N, Hermoso MA, Gotteland M. Butyrate and the Fine-Tuning of Colonic Homeostasis: Implication for Inflammatory Bowel Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22063061. [PMID: 33802759 PMCID: PMC8002420 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22063061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 12/08/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
This review describes current evidence supporting butyrate impact in the homeostatic regulation of the digestive ecosystem in health and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). Butyrate is mainly produced by bacteria from the Firmicutes phylum. It stimulates mature colonocytes and inhibits undifferentiated malignant and stem cells. Butyrate oxidation in mature colonocytes (1) produces 70–80% of their energetic requirements, (2) prevents stem cell inhibition by limiting butyrate access to crypts, and (3) consumes oxygen, generating hypoxia and maintaining luminal anaerobiosis favorable to the microbiota. Butyrate stimulates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), the GPR41 and GPR109A receptors, and inhibits HDAC in different cell types, thus stabilizing the gut barrier function and decreasing inflammatory processes. However, some studies indicate contrary effects according to butyrate concentrations. IBD patients exhibit a lower abundance of butyrate-producing bacteria and butyrate content. Additionally, colonocyte butyrate oxidation is depressed in these subjects, lowering luminal anaerobiosis and facilitating the expansion of Enterobacteriaceae that contribute to inflammation. Accordingly, gut dysbiosis and decreased barrier function in IBD seems to be secondary to the impaired mitochondrial disturbance in colonic epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naschla Gasaly
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Marcela A. Hermoso
- Laboratory of Innate Immunity, Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
| | - Martín Gotteland
- Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago 8380453, Chile;
- Department of Human Nutrition, Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology (INTA), Universidad de Chile, Santiago 7830490, Chile
- Millennium Nucleus in the Biology of Intestinal Microbiota, Santiago 8380453, Chile
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +56-989-059-222
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Ma R, Lin Z, Wu Y, Gao Z, Hu B, Xu L, Fang Y, Nishinari K. Modulating the in vitro gastric digestion of heat-induced beta-lactoglobulin aggregates: Incorporation with polysaccharide. Food Chem 2021; 354:129506. [PMID: 33744665 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Three heat-induced protein aggregates, beta-lactoglobulin fibrils (BLGF), nanoparticles (BLGN), and worm-like aggregates (BLGW) were chosen to probe the effect of disulfide bond and surface hydrophobicity on their gastric digestion behavior. Furthermore, the effect of polysaccharide (dextran sulfate sodium, DSS) on the digestion behavior of the protein aggregates was investigated. Results showed that disulfide bond had a mild restraint on the digestion extent (maximum up to 4.65%), especially when its content was below 1 mol/mol, while the surface hydrophobicity had a stronger influence (up to 8.96%), and there is definitive positive linear relationship between the surface hydrophobicity and the digestion extent. When incorporated with DSS, both the disulfide bond content and surface hydrophobicity of the aggregates decreased, consequently, and the digestion was impeded, confirming the stronger effect from the surface hydrophobicity. The digestion extent of the heat-induced protein aggregates could be modulated linearly by incorporation of polysaccharide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixiang Ma
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Zhantuo Lin
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Yuehan Wu
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Zhiming Gao
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China.
| | - Bing Hu
- Key Lab of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, PR China
| | - Longquan Xu
- China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co., Ltd., Kaifa Avenue, Guiyang 550000, PR China
| | - Yapeng Fang
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China; Department of Food Science and Engineering, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, PR China
| | - Katsuyoshi Nishinari
- Glyn O. Phillips Hydrocolloid Research Centre, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hubei University of Technology, Nanli Road, Wuhan 430068, PR China
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Chen Y, Zhang H, Fan W, Mats L, Liu R, Deng Z, Tsao R. Anti-Inflammatory Effect and Cellular Transport Mechanism of Phenolics from Common Bean ( Phaseolus vulga L.) Milk and Yogurts in Caco-2 Mono- and Caco-2/EA.hy926 Co-Culture Models. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:1513-1523. [PMID: 33497227 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c06934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The bioavailability and anti-inflammatory activity of the phenolic compounds derived from gastrointestinal digestates of navy bean and light red kidney bean milks and yogurts were investigated in both Caco-2 mono- and Caco-2/EA.hy926 co-culture cell models. Instead of being transported directly, the ferulic acid ester derivatives in common bean milks and yogurts were found to be metabolized into ferulic acid and then be transported through the Caco-2 cell monolayer with an average basolateral ferulic acid concentration of 56 ± 3 ng/mL after 2 h. Strong anti-inflammatory effects were observed in the basolateral EA.hy926 cells of the co-culture model, and modulations of oxLDL-induced inflammatory mediators by the transported phenolics were verified to be through the p38 MAPK pathway. The present results suggest that the common bean-derived phenolics can be metabolized and absorbed by the intestinal epithelial cells and have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects against oxidative stress injury in vascular endothelial cells, hence contributing to the amelioration of vascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, University of Nanchang, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research & Development Centre, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research & Development Centre, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada
- Department of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Wenyi Fan
- Department of Animal Bioscience, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Lili Mats
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research & Development Centre, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Ronghua Liu
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research & Development Centre, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada
| | - Zeyuan Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, University of Nanchang, Nanchang 330047, Jiangxi, China
| | - Rong Tsao
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph Research & Development Centre, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada
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de Castro MM, Pascoal LB, Steigleder KM, Siqueira BP, Corona LP, Ayrizono MDLS, Milanski M, Leal RF. Role of diet and nutrition in inflammatory bowel disease. World J Exp Med 2021; 11:1-16. [PMID: 33585174 PMCID: PMC7852575 DOI: 10.5493/wjem.v11.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) are closely linked to nutrition. The latest research indicates that diet and nutrition are significantly involved in the etiopathogenesis of the disease, although their specific role throughout its clinical course still remains unclear. This study reviewed how diet and nutrition are associated with IBD development and management. Even though specific diets have been shown to bring about positive outcomes, there is currently no scientific consensus regarding an appropriate diet that would benefit all IBD patients. We suggest that individualized dietary recommendations are of the greatest importance and that diets should be planned to provide individual IBD patients with specific nutrient requirements while keeping all the clinical aspects of the patients in mind. Further research is clearly necessary to investigate nutritional factors involved in IBD development and, especially, to evaluate the applications of the diets during the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Moreira de Castro
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lívia Bitencourt Pascoal
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karine Mariane Steigleder
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Piatezzi Siqueira
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ligiana Pires Corona
- Laboratory of Nutritional Epidemiology, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Limeira 13484-350, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria de Lourdes Setsuko Ayrizono
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marciane Milanski
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
- Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders, School of Applied Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Franco Leal
- IBD Research Laboratory, Colorectal Surgery Unit, School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-878, São Paulo, Brazil
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Wark G, Samocha-Bonet D, Ghaly S, Danta M. The Role of Diet in the Pathogenesis and Management of Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Review. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010135. [PMID: 33396537 PMCID: PMC7823614 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel diseases, which include ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s disease, are chronic relapsing and remitting inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract that are increasing in prevalence and incidence globally. They are associated with significant morbidity, reduced quality of life to individual sufferers and are an increasing burden on society through direct and indirect costs. Current treatment strategies rely on immunosuppression, which, while effective, is associated with adverse events. Epidemiological evidence suggests that diet impacts the risk of developing IBD and modulates disease activity. Using diet as a therapeutic option is attractive to patients and clinicians alike due to its availability, low cost and few side effects. Diet may influence IBD risk and disease behaviour through several mechanisms. Firstly, some components of the diet influence microbiota structure and function with downstream effects on immune activity. Secondly, dietary components act to alter the structure and permeability of the mucosal barrier, and lastly dietary elements may have direct interactions with components of the immune response. This review will summarise the mechanisms of diet–microbial–immune system interaction, outline key studies examining associations between diet and IBD and evidence demonstrating the impact of diet on disease control. Finally, this review will outline current prescribed dietary therapies for active CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle Wark
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (G.W.); (D.S.-B.); (S.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, SW 2010, Australia
| | - Dorit Samocha-Bonet
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (G.W.); (D.S.-B.); (S.G.)
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Sydney, NSW 2010, Australia
| | - Simon Ghaly
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (G.W.); (D.S.-B.); (S.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, SW 2010, Australia
| | - Mark Danta
- St Vincent’s Clinical School, UNSW, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia; (G.W.); (D.S.-B.); (S.G.)
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, St Vincent’s Hospital, Sydney, SW 2010, Australia
- Correspondence:
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Kamalova AA, Safina ER, Nizamova RA, Zaynetdinova MS, Kvitko EM. Nutrition of children with inflammatory bowel disease. ROSSIYSKIY VESTNIK PERINATOLOGII I PEDIATRII (RUSSIAN BULLETIN OF PERINATOLOGY AND PEDIATRICS) 2020. [DOI: 10.21508/1027-4065-2020-65-5-145-151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Zhang XT, He JP. Meta-analysis of protein intake on the effect of Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE ENFERMEDADES DIGESTIVAS 2020; 113:164-169. [PMID: 33207889 DOI: 10.17235/reed.2020.6851/2019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE published studies have assessed the effect of protein intake on Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). However, the results were inconsistent. To provide a more precise estimation, a meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the association of protein intake in Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. METHODS the PubMed, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure databases (CNKI), and Wanfang databases were searched to identify relevant studies. The summarized results of the relative risk (RR) with the corresponding 95 % confidence intervals (CI) were calculated using a random effects model. RESULTS the final analysis included a total of nine articles. Nine studies reported on protein intake for the risk of UC and five studies reported on protein intake for the risk of CD. Overall, based on current studies, no significant association was found between protein intake and the risk of UC (RR = 1.13, 95 % CI = 0.82-1.55) or CD (RR = 1.18, 95 % CI = 0.51-2.74). A significant change was not found in the stratified analysis by study design and geographic location. CONCLUSIONS in conclusion, the present meta-analysis suggested that dietary protein intake did not show a significant effect on the risk of UC or CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Tao Zhang
- Anorectal, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
| | - Jian-Ping He
- Anorectal, ZhuJiang Hospital of Southern Medical University, China
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