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Finton KAK, Rupert PB, Friend DJ, Dinca A, Lovelace ES, Buerger M, Rusnac DV, Foote-McNabb U, Chour W, Heath JR, Campbell JS, Pierce RH, Strong RK. Effects of HLA single chain trimer design on peptide presentation and stability. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1170462. [PMID: 37207206 PMCID: PMC10189100 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1170462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MHC class I "single-chain trimer" molecules, coupling MHC heavy chain, β2-microglobulin, and a specific peptide into a single polypeptide chain, are widely used in research. To more fully understand caveats associated with this design that may affect its use for basic and translational studies, we evaluated a set of engineered single-chain trimers with combinations of stabilizing mutations across eight different classical and non-classical human class I alleles with 44 different peptides, including a novel human/murine chimeric design. While, overall, single-chain trimers accurately recapitulate native molecules, care was needed in selecting designs for studying peptides longer or shorter than 9-mers, as single-chain trimer design could affect peptide conformation. In the process, we observed that predictions of peptide binding were often discordant with experiment and that yields and stabilities varied widely with construct design. We also developed novel reagents to improve the crystallizability of these proteins and confirmed novel modes of peptide presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A. K. Finton
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Peter B. Rupert
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Della J. Friend
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ana Dinca
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Erica S. Lovelace
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Matthew Buerger
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Domnita V. Rusnac
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Ulysses Foote-McNabb
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, United States
| | - William Chour
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - James R. Heath
- Institute for Systems Biology, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jean S. Campbell
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Robert H. Pierce
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Roland K. Strong
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCC), Seattle, WA, United States
- *Correspondence: Roland K. Strong,
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2
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Wahlen S, Matthijssens F, Van Loocke W, Taveirne S, Kiekens L, Persyn E, Van Ammel E, De Vos Z, De Munter S, Matthys P, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Taghon T, Vandekerckhove B, Van Vlierberghe P, Leclercq G. The transcription factor RUNX2 drives the generation of human NK cells and promotes tissue residency. eLife 2022; 11:e80320. [PMID: 35793229 PMCID: PMC9259014 DOI: 10.7554/elife.80320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that eliminate virus-infected and cancer cells by cytotoxicity and cytokine secretion. In addition to circulating NK cells, distinct tissue-resident NK subsets have been identified in various organs. Although transcription factors regulating NK cell development and function have been extensively studied in mice, the role of RUNX2 in these processes has not been investigated, neither in mice nor in human. Here, by manipulating RUNX2 expression with either knockdown or overexpression in human haematopoietic stem cell-based NK cell differentiation cultures, combined with transcriptomic and ChIP-sequencing analyses, we established that RUNX2 drives the generation of NK cells, possibly through induction of IL-2Rβ expression in NK progenitor cells. Importantly, RUNX2 promotes tissue residency in human NK cells. Our findings have the potential to improve existing NK cell-based cancer therapies and can impact research fields beyond NK cell biology, since tissue-resident subsets have also been described in other lymphocyte subpopulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sigrid Wahlen
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Filip Matthijssens
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Wouter Van Loocke
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Sylvie Taveirne
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Laura Kiekens
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Eva Persyn
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Els Van Ammel
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Zenzi De Vos
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Stijn De Munter
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Patrick Matthys
- Laboratory of Immunobiology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, KU LeuvenLeuvenBelgium
| | | | - Tom Taghon
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Bart Vandekerckhove
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
| | - Pieter Van Vlierberghe
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
- Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
| | - Georges Leclercq
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Ghent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Cancer Research Institute GhentGhentBelgium
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Hajeer A, Jawdat D, Massadeh S, Aljawini N, Abedalthagafi MS, Arabi YM, Alaamery M. Association of KIR gene polymorphisms with COVID-19 disease. Clin Immunol 2022; 234:108911. [PMID: 34929414 PMCID: PMC8683215 DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2021.108911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Background Methods Results Conclusions
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4
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Zhao S, Duan J, Lou Y, Gao R, Yang S, Wang P, Wang C, Han L, Li M, Ma C, Liang X, Liu H, Sang Y, Gao L. Surface specifically modified NK-92 cells with CD56 antibody conjugated superparamagnetic Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles for magnetic targeting immunotherapy of solid tumors. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:19109-19122. [PMID: 34766615 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03329h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although there has been significant progress in the development of tumor immunotherapies, many challenges still exist for the treatment of solid tumors. Natural killer (NK) cells possess broad-spectrum cytotoxicity against tumors, but their limited migration and infiltration abilities restrict their application in solid tumor therapies. Here, we combined a facile and efficient magnetic-targeting strategy with NK cell-based therapy to develop a novel immunotherapy approach for treating solid tumors. Anti-CD56 antibodies were conjugated with Fe3O4 nanoparticles, which could specifically bind with NK-92 cells endowing them with a magnetic field driven targeting ability. These NK-Fe3O4 biohybrid nanoparticles were able to facilitate directional migration to the tumor site in vivo under external magnetic field guidance and efficiently inhibit tumor growth. These functionalized NK cells represent a novel approach for solid tumor therapy and may provide a promising modality for cancer interventions in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songbo Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China.
| | - Jiazhi Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P.R. China.
| | - Yalin Lou
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China.
| | - Ruyun Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China.
| | - Shanshan Yang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China.
| | - Piming Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Force, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P.R. China
| | - Chunhua Wang
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, P.R. China
| | - Lin Han
- Institute of Marine Science and Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong, 266000, P.R. China
| | - Minghuan Li
- Shandong Institute of cancer prevention and treatment, Jinan, Shandong, 250117, P.R. China
| | - Chunhong Ma
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaohong Liang
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P.R. China.
| | - Yuanhua Sang
- State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250100, P.R. China.
| | - Lifen Gao
- Key Laboratory for Experimental Teratology of Ministry of Education, Shandong Key Laboratory of Infection and Immunity, and Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, 250012, P. R. China.
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5
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Finton KAK, Brusniak MY, Jones LA, Lin C, Fioré-Gartland AJ, Brock C, Gafken PR, Strong RK. ARTEMIS: A Novel Mass-Spec Platform for HLA-Restricted Self and Disease-Associated Peptide Discovery. Front Immunol 2021; 12:658372. [PMID: 33986749 PMCID: PMC8111693 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.658372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Conventional immunoprecipitation/mass spectroscopy identification of HLA-restricted peptides remains the purview of specializing laboratories, due to the complexity of the methodology, and requires computational post-analysis to assign peptides to individual alleles when using pan-HLA antibodies. We have addressed these limitations with ARTEMIS: a simple, robust, and flexible platform for peptide discovery across ligandomes, optionally including specific proteins-of-interest, that combines novel, secreted HLA-I discovery reagents spanning multiple alleles, optimized lentiviral transduction, and streamlined affinity-tag purification to improve upon conventional methods. This platform fills a middle ground between existing techniques: sensitive and adaptable, but easy and affordable enough to be widely employed by general laboratories. We used ARTEMIS to catalog allele-specific ligandomes from HEK293 cells for seven classical HLA alleles and compared results across replicates, against computational predictions, and against high-quality conventional datasets. We also applied ARTEMIS to identify potentially useful, novel HLA-restricted peptide targets from oncovirus oncoproteins and tumor-associated antigens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn A K Finton
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Mi-Youn Brusniak
- Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Lisa A Jones
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Chenwei Lin
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Andrew J Fioré-Gartland
- Vaccine and Infectious Disease Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Chance Brock
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Philip R Gafken
- Proteomics Shared Resource, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Roland K Strong
- Division of Basic Science, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA, United States
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Robbertse L, Richards SA, Stutzer C, Olivier NA, Leisewitz AL, Crafford JE, Maritz-Olivier C. Temporal analysis of the bovine lymph node transcriptome during cattle tick (Rhipicephalus microplus) infestation. Vaccine 2020; 38:6889-6898. [PMID: 32900540 DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.08.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Livestock production is a fundamental source of revenue and nutrition, wherein cattle-farming constitutes one of the major agricultural industries. Vectors and vector-borne diseases constitute one of the major factors that decrease the livelihood of all farming communities, more so in resource-poor communities and developing countries. Understanding the immunological responses during tick infestation in cattle is instrumental in the development of novel and improved tick control strategies, such as vaccines. In this study, gene expression patterns were compared within the lymph nodes of three cattle breeds at different life stages of the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus. For Bonsmara (5/8Bos taurus indicus × 3/8B. t. taurus) cattle specifically, some 183 genes were found to be differentially expressed within the lymph nodes during larval and adult tick feeding, relative to uninfested cattle. Overall, the data provides evidence for a transcriptional regulatory network that is activated during immature tick infestation, but is down-regulated towards basal transcriptional levels when adult ticks are feeding. Specific processes in the lymph nodes of Bonsmara cattle were found to be differentially regulated on a transcriptional level. These include: (1) Leukocyte recruitment to the lymph node via chemokines and chemotaxis, (2) Trans-endothelial and intranodal movement on the reticular network, (3) Active regulation of cellular transcription and translation in the lymph node (including leukocyte associated cellular regulatory networks) and (4) Chemokine receptors regulating the movement of cells out of the lymph node. This work provides a first transcriptome analysis of bovine lymph node responses in tick-infested cattle. Findings show a dynamic immune response to tick infestation for the Bonsmara cattle breed, and that suppression of the maturation of the cattle hosts' immunity is especially evident during the larval feeding stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luïse Robbertse
- Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sabine A Richards
- Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Christian Stutzer
- Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Nicholas A Olivier
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa; ACGT Microarray Facility, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Andrew L Leisewitz
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Jan E Crafford
- Department of Veterinary Tropical Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Christine Maritz-Olivier
- Department of Genetics, Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, South Africa.
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7
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Mallis P, Michalopoulos E, Chatzistamatiou T, Stavropoulos-Giokas C. Mesenchymal stromal cells as potential immunomodulatory players in severe acute respiratory distress syndrome induced by SARS-CoV-2 infection. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:731-751. [PMID: 32952855 PMCID: PMC7477656 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i8.731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 and the related coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is a worldwide emerging situation, which was initially reported in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Currently, more than 7258842 new cases, and more than 411879 deaths have been reported globally. This new highly transmitted coronavirus is responsible for the development of severe acute respiratory distress syndrome. Due to this disorder, a great number of patients are hospitalized in the intensive care unit followed by connection to extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for breath supporting and survival. Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome is mostly accompanied by the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-7, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (GSCF), interferon-inducible protein 10 (IP10), monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP1), macrophage inflammatory protein 1A (MIP1A), and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), an event which is known as "cytokine storm". Further disease pathology involves a generalized modulation of immune responses, leading to fatal multiorgan failure. Currently, no specific treatment or vaccination against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has been developed. Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs), which are known for their immunosuppressive actions, could be applied as an alternative co-therapy in critically-ill COVID-19 patients. Specifically, MSCs can regulate the immune responses through the conversion of Th1 to Th2, activation of M2 macrophages, and modulation of dendritic cells maturation. These key immunoregulatory properties of MSCs may be exerted either by produced soluble factors or by cell-cell contact interactions. To date, several clinical trials have been registered to assess the safety, efficacy, and therapeutic potential of MSCs in COVID-19. Moreover, MSC treatment may be effective for the reversion of ground-glass opacity of damaged lungs and reduce the tissue fibrosis. Taking into account the multifunctional properties of MSCs, the proposed stem-cell-based therapy may be proven significantly effective in critically-ill COVID-19 patients. The current therapeutic strategy may improve the patient's overall condition and in parallel may decrease the mortality rate of the current disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiotis Mallis
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece.
| | - Efstathios Michalopoulos
- Hellenic Cord Blood Bank, Biomedical Research Foundation Academy of Athens, Athens 11527, Greece
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8
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Zhou N, Yue Y, Xiong S. Sex Hormone Contributes to Sexually Dimorphic Susceptibility in CVB3-Induced Viral Myocarditis via Modulating IFN-γ + NK Cell Production. Can J Cardiol 2018; 34:492-501. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjca.2018.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
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9
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Prakash S, Sarangi AN, Alam S, Sonawane A, Sharma RK, Agrawal S. Putative role of KIR3DL1/3DS1 alleles and HLA-Bw4 ligands with end stage renal disease and long term renal allograft survival. Gene 2017; 637:219-229. [PMID: 28942035 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2017.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Killer immunoglobulin receptors (KIR) are highly polymorphic in nature. KIR3DL1/3DS1 genes are known to affect HLA-B antigen binding affinity causing natural killer (NK) cell inhibition, which results into successful renal transplantation. In this study we have examined whether alleles of KIR3DL1/3DS1 play any role in changing the binding affinity with HLA-Bw4 antigen and if so then how are they associated with long term renal allograft survival. We have also evaluated plausible association of KIR3DL1 with HLA-A23/A24/A32 with renal pathophysiology. MATERIALS AND METHODS KIR3DL1/3DS1 allelic diversity was examined in 501 renal transplant cases and 507 controls. PCR-SSP was used to determine the incidence of KIR3DL1/3DS1 genes and HLA class-I antigens. KIR3DL1/3DS1 alleles were determined by sequencing. Expression at transcription level for KIR3DL1/3DS1 genes was evaluated in the presence of HLA-Bw4. Different statistical analyses were performed using SPSS v 22.0. p≤0.05 was considered significant. Sequence based variant effect was predicted using Variant Effect Predictor. To evaluate whether variation in KIR3DL1 and HLA interaction changes the binding affinity structure based effect prediction was carried out using MutaBind and BindProf software. RESULTS For KIR3DL1*0010101, no-risk and low mRNA expression was seen among antibody mediated acute rejection (ABMR) and chronic rejection (CR) cases. Whereas, 3DS1*01301, 3DL1*00401, and 3DL1*00402 showed susceptibility and elevated mRNA expression with ABMR and CR. Two mutations c.320C>T (rs143159382) and c.911G>T (rs35974949), present in alleles 3DL1*00402 and 3DL1*00401 were predicted to be deleterious. Reduced renal allograft survival was observed for individuals possessing KIR3DL1*00401-HLA-Bw4+. In relation to HLA-A locus no significance was observed with ESRD, ABMR, and CR. DISCUSSION The experimental and computational data corroborated with each other suggesting susceptibility for renal allograft in presence of 3DL1*00402 and 3DL1*00401 alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swayam Prakash
- Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aditya Narayan Sarangi
- Biomedical Informatics Centre, School of Telemedicine and Biomedical Informatics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shahnawaz Alam
- Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Avinash Sonawane
- School of Biotechnology, Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Raj Kumar Sharma
- Department of Nephrology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Suraksha Agrawal
- Department of Hematology, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Burian A, Wang KL, Finton KAK, Lee N, Ishitani A, Strong RK, Geraghty DE. HLA-F and MHC-I Open Conformers Bind Natural Killer Cell Ig-Like Receptor KIR3DS1. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0163297. [PMID: 27649529 PMCID: PMC5029895 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0163297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on previous findings supporting HLA-F as a ligand for KIR3DL2 and KIR2DS4, we investigated the potential for MHC-I open conformers (OCs) as ligands for KIR3DS1 and KIR3DL1 through interactions measured by surface plasmon resonance. These measurements showed physical binding of KIR3DS1 but not KIR3DL1 with HLA-F and other MHC-I OC while also confirming the allotype specific binding of KIR3DL1 with MHC-I peptide complex. Concordant results were obtained with biochemical pull-down from cell lines and biochemical heterodimerization experiments with recombinant proteins. In addition, surface binding of HLA-F and KIR3DS1 to native and activated NK and T cells was coincident with specific expression of the putative ligand or receptor. A functional response of KIR3DS1 was indicated by increased granule exocytosis in activated cells incubated with HLA-F bound to surfaces. The data extend a model for interaction between MHC-I open conformers and activating KIR receptors expressed during an inflammatory response, potentially contributing to communication between the innate and adaptive immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aura Burian
- The Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109, United States of America
| | - Kevin L. Wang
- The Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109, United States of America
| | - Kathryn A. K. Finton
- The Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109, United States of America
| | - Ni Lee
- The Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109, United States of America
| | | | - Roland K. Strong
- The Division of Basic Sciences, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109, United States of America
| | - Daniel E. Geraghty
- The Clinical Research Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Ave. N., Seattle, WA, 98109, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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11
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Hudson LE, Allen RL. Leukocyte Ig-Like Receptors - A Model for MHC Class I Disease Associations. Front Immunol 2016; 7:281. [PMID: 27504110 PMCID: PMC4959025 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2016.00281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
MHC class I (MHC-I) polymorphisms are associated with the outcome of some viral infections and autoimmune diseases. MHC-I proteins present antigenic peptides and are recognized by receptors on natural killer cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes, thus enabling the immune system to detect self-antigens and eliminate targets lacking self or expressing foreign antigens. Recognition of MHC-I, however, extends beyond receptors on cytotoxic leukocytes. Members of the leukocyte Ig-like receptor (LILR) family are expressed on monocytic cells and can recognize both classical and non-classical MHC-I alleles. Despite their relatively broad specificity when compared to the T cell receptor or killer Ig-like receptors, variations in the strength of LILR binding between different MHC-I alleles have recently been shown to correlate with control of HIV infection. We suggest that LILR recognition may mediate MHC-I disease association in a manner that does not depend on a binary discrimination of self/non-self by cytotoxic cells. Instead, the effects of LILR activity following engagement by MHC-I may represent a “degrees of self” model, whereby strength of binding to different alleles determines the degree of influence exerted by these receptors on immune cell functions. LILRs are expressed by myelomonocytic cells and lymphocytes, extending their influence across antigen-presenting cell subsets including dendritic cells, macrophages, and B cells. They have been identified as important players in the response to infection, inflammatory diseases, and cancer, with recent literature to indicate that MHC-I recognition by these receptors and consequent allelic effects could extend an influence beyond the immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Emily Hudson
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London , London , UK
| | - Rachel Louise Allen
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London , London , UK
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Chávez-Blanco A, Chacón-Salinas R, Dominguez-Gomez G, Gonzalez-Fierro A, Perez-Cardenas E, Taja-Chayeb L, Trejo-Becerril C, Duenas-Gonzalez A. Viral inhibitors of NKG2D ligands for tumor surveillance. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2016; 20:1375-1387. [PMID: 27322108 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2016.1202928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Natural Killer cells (NK) are key for the innate immune response against tumors and viral infections. Several viral proteins evade host immune response and target the NK cell receptor NKG2D and its ligands. Areas covered: This review aimed to describe the viruses and their proteins that interfere with the NKG2D receptor and their ligands, and how these interactions lead to immune evasion, host protection, and tissue damage from acute and chronic viral infections. Expert opinion: The study of viral proteins has already impacted the field of oncology. A prime example is the HBV vaccine and the development of antiviral drugs for HIV, Hepatitis C, and the family of Herpesviridae viruses. The NKG2D system seems to be a rational therapeutic target. Nevertheless, an effective cytotoxic response by NK cells is mediated by a network of activating and inhibitory receptors, the integration of which determines if the NK cell becomes cytotoxic or permissive. Immunotherapeutic agents that increase the antitumor lytic activity of NK cells through modulating activation and inhibitory signaling of NK cells are being developed. Nevertheless, more research is needed to dissect the integrative mechanism of NK cells function to fully exploit their antitumor and antiviral effector mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alma Chávez-Blanco
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Rommel Chacón-Salinas
- b Departamento de Inmunología , Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, ENCB-IPN , Mexico City , México
| | | | - Aurora Gonzalez-Fierro
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Enrique Perez-Cardenas
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Mexico City , Mexico
| | - Lucia Taja-Chayeb
- a Division of Basic Research , Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Mexico City , Mexico
| | | | - Alfonso Duenas-Gonzalez
- c Unidad de Investigacion Biomedica en Cancer , Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Cancerología , Mexico City , Mexico.,d Unidad de Investigacion Basica Aplicada , ISSEMyM Cancer Center , Toluca , Mexico
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Shekhar S, Yang X. Natural killer cells in host defense against veterinary pathogens. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2015; 168:30-4. [PMID: 26553564 PMCID: PMC7112915 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetimm.2015.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2015] [Revised: 08/03/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Natural Killer (NK) cells constitute a major subset of innate lymphoid cells that do not express the T- and B-cell receptors and play an important role in antimicrobial defense. NK cells not only induce early and rapid innate immune responses, but also communicate with dendritic cells to shape the adaptive immunity, thus bridging innate and adaptive immunity. Although the functional biology of NK cells is well-documented in a variety of infections in humans and mice, their role in protecting domestic animals from infectious agents is only beginning to be understood. In this article, we summarize the current state of knowledge about the contribution of NK cells in pathogen defense in domestic animals, especially cattle and pigs. Understanding the immunobiology of NK cells will translate into strategies to manipulate these cells for preventive and therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sudhanshu Shekhar
- Departments of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
| | - Xi Yang
- Departments of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
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Ferreira RAX, de Oliveira SA, Gandini M, Ferreira LDC, Correa G, Abiraude FM, Reid MM, Cruz OG, Kubelka CF. Circulating cytokines and chemokines associated with plasma leakage and hepatic dysfunction in Brazilian children with dengue fever. Acta Trop 2015; 149:138-47. [PMID: 25944351 DOI: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2015.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Dengue fever is usually a benign acute viral infection transmitted by arthropods but may evolve to severe clinical manifestations such as coagulation and/or hemodynamic disorders, caused mainly by an increase of vascular permeability. Deregulated circulating immunological factors have been associated with severity. In Brazil severe cases appeared in children only recently and we evaluated the profile of cytokine/chemokine kinetics in 134 hospitalized young patients during the epidemic in Rio de Janeiro in 2008. Inflammatory cytokines TNF and IFNγ were found elevated during the acute phase in children as well as the anti-inflammatory IL10 and chemokines MIF and CXCL10/IP10, all last three persisting longer during the recovery phase. Severe disease fitting the dengue hemorrhagic fever pattern (WHO, 1997) was associated with higher IL10 and CXCL10/IP10 circulating levels (peak levels at seven days with P<0.01 and P<0.001 respectively as compared to DF). These factors were higher in patients pulmonary effusion or ascites (P<0.05 for IL10 and P<0.01 for CXCL10/IP10). Both factors were also associated with liver changes such as AST increase correlated with CXCL10/IP10 (r=0.4300 with P<0.0001) and patients presenting painful hepatomegaly showed higher circulating levels of IL10 (P<0.01, at 7-9 days) and of CXCL10/IP10 (P<0.05, 4-6 days and P<0.001, 7-9 days) when compared to patients without apparent liver alterations. Most cases presented a history of prior infection (93%). This is the first study demonstrating cytokine and chemokine association with severity during dengue fever in Brazilian children. IL10 and CXCL10/IP10 play a role in the disease severity associated with induction of vascular leakage and a novel association with changes in liver dysfunction.
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15
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Moradi S, Berry R, Pymm P, Hitchen C, Beckham SA, Wilce MCJ, Walpole NG, Clements CS, Reid HH, Perugini MA, Brooks AG, Rossjohn J, Vivian JP. The structure of the atypical killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptor, KIR2DL4. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:10460-71. [PMID: 25759384 PMCID: PMC4400354 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.612291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The engagement of natural killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs) with their target ligands, human leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules, is a critical component of innate immunity. Structurally, KIRs typically have either two (D1-D2) or three (D0-D1-D2) extracellular immunoglobulin domains, with the D1 and D2 domain recognizing the α1 and α2 helices of HLA, respectively, whereas the D0 domain of the KIR3DLs binds a loop region flanking the α1 helix of the HLA molecule. KIR2DL4 is distinct from other KIRs (except KIR2DL5) in that it does not contain a D1 domain and instead has a D0-D2 arrangement. Functionally, KIR2DL4 is also atypical in that, unlike all other KIRs, KIR2DL4 has both activating and inhibitory signaling domains. Here, we determined the 2.8 Å crystal structure of the extracellular domains of KIR2DL4. Structurally, KIR2DL4 is reminiscent of other KIR2DL receptors, with the D0 and D2 adopting the C2-type immunoglobulin fold arranged with an acute elbow angle. However, KIR2DL4 self-associated via the D0 domain in a concentration-dependent manner and was observed as a tetramer in the crystal lattice by size exclusion chromatography, dynamic light scattering, analytical ultracentrifugation, and small angle x-ray scattering experiments. The assignment of residues in the D0 domain to forming the KIR2DL4 tetramer precludes an interaction with HLA akin to that observed for KIR3DL1. Accordingly, no interaction was observed to HLA by direct binding studies. Our data suggest that the unique functional properties of KIR2DL4 may be mediated by self-association of the receptor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoeib Moradi
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Richard Berry
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Phillip Pymm
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Corinne Hitchen
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Simone A Beckham
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Matthew C J Wilce
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Nicholas G Walpole
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Craig S Clements
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Hugh H Reid
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and
| | - Matthew A Perugini
- the Department of Biochemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, La Trobe University, Melbourne Victoria 3086 Australia
| | - Andrew G Brooks
- the Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia, and
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia, the Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, United Kingdom
| | - Julian P Vivian
- From the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, and the Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia,
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Saunders PM, Vivian JP, Baschuk N, Beddoe T, Widjaja J, O'Connor GM, Hitchen C, Pymm P, Andrews DM, Gras S, McVicar DW, Rossjohn J, Brooks AG. The interaction of KIR3DL1*001 with HLA class I molecules is dependent upon molecular microarchitecture within the Bw4 epitope. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2014; 194:781-789. [PMID: 25480565 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1402542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The killer cell Ig-like receptor 3DL1 (KIR3DL1) inhibits activation of NK cells upon interaction with HLA class I molecules such as HLA-B*57:01, which contains the Bw4 epitope spanning residues 77-83 (e.g., NLRIALR), and not with HLA allomorphs that possess the Bw6 motif (e.g., HLA-B*08:01), which differ at residues 77, 80, 81, 82, and 83. Although Bw4 residues Ile(80) and Arg(83) directly interact with KIR3DL1*001, their precise role in determining KIR3DL1-HLA-Bw4 specificity remains unclear. Recognition of HLA-B*57:01 by either KIR3DL1(+) NK cells or the NK cell line YTS transfected with KIR3DL1*001 was impaired by mutation of residues 80 and 83 of HLA-B*57:01 to the corresponding amino acids within the Bw6 motif. Conversely, the simultaneous introduction of three Bw4 residues at positions 80, 82, and 83 into HLA-B*08:01 conferred an interaction with KIR3DL1*001. Structural analysis of HLA-B*57:01, HLA-B*08:01, and mutants of each bearing substitutions at positions 80 and 83 revealed that Ile(80) and Arg(83) within the Bw4 motif constrain the conformation of Glu(76), primarily through a salt bridge between Arg(83) and Glu(76). This salt bridge was absent in HLA-Bw6 molecules as well as position 83 mutants of HLA-B*57:01. Mutation of the Bw4 residue Ile(80) also disrupted this salt bridge, providing further insight into the role that position 80 plays in mediating KIR3DL1 recognition. Thus, the strict conformation of HLA-Bw4 allotypes, held in place by the Glu(76)-Arg(83) interaction, facilitates KIR3DL1 binding, whereas Bw6 allotypes present a platform on the α1 helix that is less permissive for KIR3DL1 binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippa M Saunders
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Julian P Vivian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Nikola Baschuk
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter McCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, 3002 Australia
| | - Travis Beddoe
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Widjaja
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Geraldine M O'Connor
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Corinne Hitchen
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Phillip Pymm
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Daniel M Andrews
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter McCallum Cancer Institute, Melbourne, 3002 Australia
| | - Stephanie Gras
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Daniel W McVicar
- Cancer and Inflammation Program, National Cancer Institute-Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jamie Rossjohn
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia.,Institute of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.,Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Advanced Molecular Imaging, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Andrew G Brooks
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Beltrán D, López-Vergès S. NK Cells during Dengue Disease and Their Recognition of Dengue Virus-Infected cells. Front Immunol 2014; 5:192. [PMID: 24829565 PMCID: PMC4017149 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The innate immune response, in addition to the B- and T-cell response, plays a role in protection against dengue virus (DENV) infection and the degree of disease severity. Early activation of natural killer (NK) cells and type-I interferon-dependent immunity may be important in limiting viral replication during the early stages of DENV infection and thus reducing subsequent pathogenesis. NK cells may also produce cytokines that reduce inflammation and tissue injury. On the other hand, NK cells are also capable of inducing liver injury at early-time points of DENV infection. In vitro, NK cells can kill antibody-coated DENV-infected cells through antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. In addition, NK cells may directly recognize DENV-infected cells through their activating receptors, although the increase in HLA class I expression may allow infected cells to escape the NK response. Recently, genome-wide association studies have shown an association between MICB and MICA, which encode ligands of the activating NK receptor NKG2D, and dengue disease outcome. This review focuses on recognition of DENV-infected cells by NK cells and on the regulation of expression of NK cell ligands by DENV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davis Beltrán
- Department of Research in Virology and Biotechnology, Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies , Panama City , Panama ; Institute for Scientific Research and Technology Services (INDICASAT-AIP) , Panama City , Panama ; Department of Biotechnology, Acharya Nagarjuna University , Guntur , India
| | - Sandra López-Vergès
- Department of Research in Virology and Biotechnology, Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies , Panama City , Panama
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Altered expression of cytokines in mice infected intranasally with two syncytial variants of Herpes simplex virus type 1. Microb Pathog 2014; 71-72:68-72. [PMID: 24768928 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2014.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2013] [Revised: 04/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Immune evasion strategies are important for the onset and the maintenance of viral infections. Many viruses have evolved mechanisms to counteract or suppress the host immune response. We have previously characterized two syncytial (syn) variants of Herpes simplex 1 (HSV-1) strain F, syn14-1 and syn17-2, obtained by selective pressure with a natural carrageenan. These variants showed a differential pathology in vaginal and respiratory mucosa infection in comparison with parental strain. In this paper, we evaluated the modulation of immune response in respiratory mucosa by these HSV-1 variants. We observed altered levels of Tumor Necrosis Factor-α and Interleukin-6 in lungs of animals infected with the syn14-1 and syn17-2 variants compared with the parental strain. Also, we detected differences in the recruitment of immune cells to the lung in syn variants infected mice. Both variants exhibit one point mutation in the sequence of the gene of glycoprotein D detected in the ectodomain of syn14-1 and the cytoplasmic tail of syn17-2. Results obtained in the present study contribute to the characterization of HSV-1 syn variants and the participation of the cellular inflammatory response in viral pathogenesis.
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19
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Li Y, Mariuzza RA. Structural basis for recognition of cellular and viral ligands by NK cell receptors. Front Immunol 2014; 5:123. [PMID: 24723923 PMCID: PMC3972465 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2014.00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Natural killer (NK) cells are key components of innate immune responses to tumors and viral infections. NK cell function is regulated by NK cell receptors that recognize both cellular and viral ligands, including major histocompatibility complex (MHC), MHC-like, and non-MHC molecules. These receptors include Ly49s, killer immunoglobulin-like receptors, leukocyte immunoglobulin-like receptors, and NKG2A/CD94, which bind MHC class I (MHC-I) molecules, and NKG2D, which binds MHC-I paralogs such as the stress-induced proteins MICA and ULBP. In addition, certain viruses have evolved MHC-like immunoevasins, such as UL18 and m157 from cytomegalovirus, that act as decoy ligands for NK receptors. A growing number of NK receptor–ligand interaction pairs involving non-MHC molecules have also been identified, including NKp30–B7-H6, killer cell lectin-like receptor G1–cadherin, and NKp80–AICL. Here, we describe crystal structures determined to date of NK cell receptors bound to MHC, MHC-related, and non-MHC ligands. Collectively, these structures reveal the diverse solutions that NK receptors have developed to recognize these molecules, thereby enabling the regulation of NK cytolytic activity by both host and viral ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Li
- W. M. Keck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland , Rockville, MD , USA ; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD , USA
| | - Roy A Mariuzza
- W. M. Keck Laboratory for Structural Biology, Institute for Bioscience and Biotechnology Research, University of Maryland , Rockville, MD , USA ; Department of Cell Biology and Molecular Genetics, University of Maryland , College Park, MD , USA
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20
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Jiang H, Zhang W, Shang P, Zhang H, Fu W, Ye F, Zeng T, Huang H, Zhang X, Sun W, Man-Yuen Sze D, Yi Q, Hou J. Transfection of chimeric anti-CD138 gene enhances natural killer cell activation and killing of multiple myeloma cells. Mol Oncol 2013; 8:297-310. [PMID: 24388357 DOI: 10.1016/j.molonc.2013.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 192] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 12/04/2013] [Accepted: 12/04/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Reprogramming of NK cells with a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) proved an effective strategy to increase NK cell reactivity and recognition specificity toward tumor cells. To enhance the cytotoxicity of NK cells against CD138-positive multiple myeloma (MM) cells, we generated genetically modified NK-92MI cells carrying a CAR that consists of an anti-CD138 single-chain variable fragment (scFv) fused to the CD3ζ chain as a signaling moiety. The genetic modification through a lentiviral vector did not affect the intrinsic cytolytic activity of NK-92MI toward human erythroleukemic cell line K562 cells or CD138-negative targets. However, these retargeted NK-92MI (NK-92MI-scFv) displayed markedly enhanced cytotoxicity against CD138-positive human MM cell lines (RPMI8226, U266 and NCI-H929) and primary MM cells at various effector-to-target ratios (E:T) as compared to the empty vector-transfected NK-92MI (NK-92MI-mock). In line with the enhanced cytotoxicity of NK-92MI-scFv, significant elevations in the secretion of granzyme B, interferon-γ and proportion of CD107a expression were also found in NK-92MI-scFv in response to CD138-positive targets compared with NK-92MI-mock. Most importantly, the enhancement in the cytotoxicity of NK-92MI-scFv did not attenuate with 10Gy-irradiation that sufficiently blocked cell proliferation. Moreover, the irradiated NK-92MI-scFv exerted definitely intensified anti-tumor activity toward CD138-positive MM cells than NK-92MI-mock in the xenograft NOD-SCID mouse model. This study provides the rationale and feasibility for adoptive immunotherapy with CD138-specific CAR-modified NK cells in CD138-positive plasmacytic malignancies, which potentially further improves remission quality and prolongs the remission duration of patients with MM after upfront chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Jiang
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Wenhao Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Peipei Shang
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Weijun Fu
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Fei Ye
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Tianmei Zeng
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Hejing Huang
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China
| | - Xueguang Zhang
- Institute of Biotechnology and Clinical Immunology, Research Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Wanping Sun
- Institute of Biotechnology and Clinical Immunology, Research Laboratory of Jiangsu Province, Soochow University, Suzhou 215007, China
| | - Daniel Man-Yuen Sze
- Department of Health Technology and Informatics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Qing Yi
- Department of Lymphoma/Myeloma, Division of Cancer Medicine, and Center for Cancer Immunology Research, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jian Hou
- Department of Hematology, The Myeloma and Lymphoma Center, Changzheng Hospital, The Second Military Medical University, 415 Fengyang Rd, Shanghai 200003, China.
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21
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Natural killer cell response to BK virus infection in polyoma virus–associated nephropathy of renal transplant recipients. Kidney Int 2013; 84:233-5. [DOI: 10.1038/ki.2013.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kim BS, Siracusa MC, Saenz SA, Noti M, Monticelli LA, Sonnenberg GF, Hepworth MR, Van Voorhees AS, Comeau MR, Artis D. TSLP elicits IL-33-independent innate lymphoid cell responses to promote skin inflammation. Sci Transl Med 2013; 5:170ra16. [PMID: 23363980 PMCID: PMC3637661 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3005374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 557] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a recently identified family of heterogeneous immune cells that can be divided into three groups based on their differential developmental requirements and expression of effector cytokines. Among these, group 2 ILCs produce the type 2 cytokines interleukin-5 (IL-5) and IL-13 and promote type 2 inflammation in the lung and intestine. However, whether group 2 ILCs reside in the skin and contribute to skin inflammation has not been characterized. We identify a population of skin-resident group 2 ILCs present in healthy human skin that are enriched in lesional human skin from atopic dermatitis (AD) patients. Group 2 ILCs were also found in normal murine skin and were critical for the development of inflammation in a murine model of AD-like disease. Remarkably, in contrast to group 2 ILC responses in the intestine and lung, which are critically regulated by IL-33 and IL-25, group 2 ILC responses in the skin and skin-draining lymph nodes were independent of these canonical cytokines but were critically dependent on thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP). Collectively, these results demonstrate an essential role for IL-33- and IL-25-independent group 2 ILCs in promoting skin inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian S Kim
- Department of Microbiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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23
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Affiliation(s)
- K Christopher Garcia
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular and Cellular Physiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, CA, USA.
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