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Marshall ML, Fung KY, Jans DA, Wagstaff KM. Tumour-specific phosphorylation of serine 419 drives alpha-enolase (ENO1) nuclear export in triple negative breast cancer progression. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:74. [PMID: 38849850 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01249-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The glycolytic enzyme alpha-enolase is a known biomarker of many cancers and involved in tumorigenic functions unrelated to its key role in glycolysis. Here, we show that expression of alpha-enolase correlates with subcellular localisation and tumorigenic status in the MCF10 triple negative breast cancer isogenic tumour progression model, where non-tumour cells show diffuse nucleocytoplasmic localisation of alpha-enolase, whereas tumorigenic cells show a predominantly cytoplasmic localisation. Alpha-enolase nucleocytoplasmic localisation may be regulated by tumour cell-specific phosphorylation at S419, previously reported in pancreatic cancer. RESULTS Here we show ENO1 phosphorylation can also be observed in triple negative breast cancer patient samples and MCF10 tumour progression cell models. Furthermore, prevention of alpha-enolase-S419 phosphorylation by point mutation or a casein kinase-1 specific inhibitor D4476, induced tumour-specific nuclear accumulation of alpha-enolase, implicating S419 phosphorylation and casein kinase-1 in regulating subcellular localisation in tumour cell-specific fashion. Strikingly, alpha-enolase nuclear accumulation was induced in tumour cells by treatment with the specific exportin-1-mediated nuclear export inhibitor Leptomycin B. This suggests that S419 phosphorylation in tumour cells regulates alpha-enolase subcellular localisation by inducing its exportin-1-mediated nuclear export. Finally, as a first step to analyse the functional consequences of increased cytoplasmic alpha-enolase in tumour cells, we determined the alpha-enolase interactome in the absence/presence of D4476 treatment, with results suggesting clear differences with respect to interaction with cytoskeleton regulating proteins. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest for the first time that tumour-specific S419 phosphorylation may contribute integrally to alpha-enolase cytoplasmic localisation, to facilitate alpha-enolase's role in modulating cytoskeletal organisation in triple negative breast cancer. This new information may be used for development of triple negative breast cancer specific therapeutics that target alpha-enolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Morgan L Marshall
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kim Yc Fung
- Health and Biosecurity, CSIRO, Westmead, NSW, 2145, Australia
| | - David A Jans
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia
| | - Kylie M Wagstaff
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, 3800, Australia.
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Curcio C, Mucciolo G, Roux C, Brugiapaglia S, Scagliotti A, Guadagnin G, Conti L, Longo D, Grosso D, Papotti MG, Hirsch E, Cappello P, Varner JA, Novelli F. PI3Kγ inhibition combined with DNA vaccination unleashes a B-cell-dependent antitumor immunity that hampers pancreatic cancer. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:157. [PMID: 38824552 PMCID: PMC11143614 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03080-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Phosphoinositide-3-kinase γ (PI3Kγ) plays a critical role in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) by driving the recruitment of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) into tumor tissues, leading to tumor growth and metastasis. MDSC also impair the efficacy of immunotherapy. In this study we verify the hypothesis that MDSC targeting, via PI3Kγ inhibition, synergizes with α-enolase (ENO1) DNA vaccination in counteracting tumor growth.Mice that received ENO1 vaccination followed by PI3Kγ inhibition had significantly smaller tumors compared to those treated with ENO1 alone or the control group, and correlated with i) increased circulating anti-ENO1 specific IgG and IFNγ secretion by T cells, ii) increased tumor infiltration of CD8+ T cells and M1-like macrophages, as well as up-modulation of T cell activation and M1-like related transcripts, iii) decreased infiltration of Treg FoxP3+ T cells, endothelial cells and pericytes, and down-modulation of the stromal compartment and T cell exhaustion gene transcription, iv) reduction of mature and neo-formed vessels, v) increased follicular helper T cell activation and vi) increased "antigen spreading", as many other tumor-associated antigens were recognized by IgG2c "cytotoxic" antibodies. PDA mouse models genetically devoid of PI3Kγ showed an increased survival and a pattern of transcripts in the tumor area similar to that of pharmacologically-inhibited PI3Kγ-proficient mice. Notably, tumor reduction was abrogated in ENO1 + PI3Kγ inhibition-treated mice in which B cells were depleted.These data highlight a novel role of PI3Kγ in B cell-dependent immunity, suggesting that PI3Kγ depletion strengthens the anti-tumor response elicited by the ENO1 DNA vaccine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Curcio
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Gianluca Mucciolo
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Cecilia Roux
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Brugiapaglia
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro Scagliotti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Guadagnin
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Conti
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Dario Longo
- Institute of Biostructures and Bioimaging (IBB), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Turin, Italy
| | - Demis Grosso
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
| | - Mauro Giulio Papotti
- Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, AOU Città Della Salute E Della Scienza Di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Emilio Hirsch
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Judith A Varner
- Moores Cancer Center, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, Piazza Nizza 44Bis, 10126, Turin, Italy.
- Molecular Biotechnology Center, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.
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Li T, Li M, Feng J, Liu T, Yang L, Yu L. Evaluation and clinical significance of serum neurospecific enolase in children with pneumonia: a case-control study. BMC Pediatr 2024; 24:379. [PMID: 38822291 PMCID: PMC11140899 DOI: 10.1186/s12887-024-04852-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neurospecific Enolase (NSE), a multifunctional protein, is present in various tissues of the body and plays an important role in many disease processes, such as infection, inflammation, tumours, injury, and immunity. In recent years, the application of NSE in respiratory diseases has become increasingly widespread and a research hotspot. OBJECTIVE This study aims to explore the relationship between NSE and childhood pneumonia, providing assistance for the diagnosis and assessment of pneumonia. METHODS Using prospective research and case-control methods, We selected 129 children with pneumonia hospitalised in Weifang People's Hospital from September 2020 to April 2022 as the case group. Among them were 67 cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MP+), 62 cases of non-Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MP -), and 21 cases of severe pneumonia. At the same time, 136 children who underwent outpatient health examinations were selected as the control group. The levels of NSE, ESR, CRP in cases group and NSE in control group were measured separately. RESULT The NSE levels in the MP + group were 17.86 (14.29-22.54) ng/mL, while those in the MP- group were 17.89 (14.10-21.66) ng/mL, both of which were higher than the control group's NSE levels of 13.26(12.18,14.44) ng/mL (H = 46.92, P = 0.000). There was no statistically significant difference in NSE levels between the MP + and MP - groups (P > 0.05). The NSE level in the severe pneumonia group was 27.38 (13.95-34.06) ng/mL, higher than that in the mild pneumonia group, which was 17.68 (14.27-21.04) ng/mL, (P = 0.024). The AUC values for diagnosing pneumonia are NSE0.714, CRP0.539, and ESR0.535, with NSE having the highest diagnostic value. CONCLUSION Serum NSE can serve as an inflammatory indicator for paediatric pneumonia, which has important clinical guidance significance for the diagnosis, condition evaluation, and prognosis of paediatric pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianhua Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Minglei Li
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Jie Feng
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Ultrasound, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Liu Yang
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China
| | - Lexiang Yu
- Department of Paediatrics, Weifang People's Hospital affiliated to Shandong Second Medical University, 151 Guangwen Road, Weifang, 261041, Shandong, China.
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Iyer KA, Ivanov J, Tenchov R, Ralhan K, Rodriguez Y, Sasso JM, Scott S, Zhou QA. Emerging Targets and Therapeutics in Immuno-Oncology: Insights from Landscape Analysis. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38787632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In the ever-evolving landscape of cancer research, immuno-oncology stands as a beacon of hope, offering novel avenues for treatment. This study capitalizes on the vast repository of immuno-oncology-related scientific documents within the CAS Content Collection, totaling over 350,000, encompassing journals and patents. Through a pioneering approach melding natural language processing with the CAS indexing system, we unveil over 300 emerging concepts, depicted in a comprehensive "Trend Landscape Map". These concepts, spanning therapeutic targets, biomarkers, and types of cancers among others, are hierarchically organized into eight major categories. Delving deeper, our analysis furnishes detailed quantitative metrics showcasing growth trends over the past three years. Our findings not only provide valuable insights for guiding future research endeavors but also underscore the merit of tapping the vast and unparalleled breadth of existing scientific information to derive profound insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita A Iyer
- ACS International India Pvt. Ltd., Pune 411044, India
| | - Julian Ivanov
- CAS, A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Rumiana Tenchov
- CAS, A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | | | - Yacidzohara Rodriguez
- CAS, A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Janet M Sasso
- CAS, A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Sabina Scott
- CAS, A Division of the American Chemical Society, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Horvat S, Kos J, Pišlar A. Multifunctional roles of γ-enolase in the central nervous system: more than a neuronal marker. Cell Biosci 2024; 14:61. [PMID: 38735971 PMCID: PMC11089681 DOI: 10.1186/s13578-024-01240-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Enolase, a multifunctional protein with diverse isoforms, has generally been recognized for its primary roles in glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. The shift in isoform expression from α-enolase to neuron-specific γ-enolase extends beyond its enzymatic role. Enolase is essential for neuronal survival, differentiation, and the maturation of neurons and glial cells in the central nervous system. Neuron-specific γ-enolase is a critical biomarker for neurodegenerative pathologies and neurological conditions, not only indicating disease but also participating in nerve cell formation and neuroprotection and exhibiting neurotrophic-like properties. These properties are precisely regulated by cysteine peptidase cathepsin X and scaffold protein γ1-syntrophin. Our findings suggest that γ-enolase, specifically its C-terminal part, may offer neuroprotective benefits against neurotoxicity seen in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease. Furthermore, although the therapeutic potential of γ-enolase seems promising, the effectiveness of enolase inhibitors is under debate. This paper reviews the research on the roles of γ-enolase in the central nervous system, especially in pathophysiological events and the regulation of neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Horvat
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Janko Kos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Department of Biotechnology, Jožef Stefan Institute, Jamova Cesta 39, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Anja Pišlar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, Aškerčeva 7, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Liu Y, Bie F, Bai G, Huai Q, Li Y, Chen X, Zhou B, Gao S. Prognostic model based on B cell marker genes for NSCLC patients under neoadjuvant immunotherapy by integrated analysis of single-cell and bulk RNA-sequencing data. Clin Transl Oncol 2024:10.1007/s12094-024-03428-1. [PMID: 38563846 DOI: 10.1007/s12094-024-03428-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neoadjuvant immunotherapy has evolved as an effective option to treat non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). B cells play essential roles in the immune system as well as cancer progression. However, the repertoire of B cells and its association with clinical outcomes remains unclear in NSCLC patients receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy. METHODS Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and bulk RNA sequencing data for LUAD samples were accessed from the TCGA and GEO databases. LUAD-related B cell marker genes were confirmed based on comprehensive analysis of scRNA-seq data. We then constructed the B cell marker gene signature (BCMGS) and validated it. In addition, we evaluated the association of BCGMS with tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) characteristics. Furthermore, we validated the efficacy of BCGMS in a cohort of NSCLC patients receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy. RESULTS A BCMGS was constructed based on the TCGA cohort and further validated in three independent GSE cohorts. In addition, the BCMGS was proven to be significantly associated with TIME characteristics. Moreover, a relatively higher risk score indicated poor clinical outcomes and a worse immune response among NSCLC patients receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy. CONCLUSIONS We constructed an 18-gene prognostic signature derived from B cell marker genes based on scRNA-seq data, which had the potential to predict the prognosis and immune response of NSCLC patients receiving neoadjuvant immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Fenglong Bie
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Guangyu Bai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Qilin Huai
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Bolun Zhou
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Shugeng Gao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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7
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Chang X, Zhang T, Zang J, Lv C, Zhao G. Characterization and Structural Analyses of Enolase from Shrimp ( Litopenaeus vannamei). JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:19783-19790. [PMID: 38033172 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c07135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Transcriptome analysis had recognized enolase from shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei (L. vannamei), which is termed LvEnolase, as one of the allergens, but its amino acid sequence and protein structure have been lacking. In this study, natural LvEnolase was isolated from L. vannamei and characterized for the first time. The full-length cDNA sequence of LvEnolase was effectively cloned, which encoded 434 amino acid residues. The crystal structure of LvEnolase was successfully determined at a resolution of 2.5 Å by X-ray crystallography (PDB: 8UEL). Notably, it was observed that near the active center, a loop exists in either an open or closed state, and the open loop was associated with the product release phase. Furthermore, enzyme activity assays were conducted to validate the catalytic capabilities of purified LvEnolase. These findings significantly enhance our comprehension of the enolase family and provide valuable support for delving into the functions and characteristics of LvEnolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxi Chang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tuo Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jiachen Zang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Chenyan Lv
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Guanghua Zhao
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
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8
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Jiang R, Shen F, Zhang M, Mulati S, Wang J, Tao Y, Zhang W. Evaluating the Anti-Melanoma Effects and Toxicity of Cinnamaldehyde Analogues. Molecules 2023; 28:7309. [PMID: 37959729 PMCID: PMC10647553 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cinnamaldehyde (CA) showed potent activity against melanoma in our previous study, and the structure of unsaturated aldehydes is envisaged to play a role. Nevertheless, its limited drug availability restricts its clinical application. Therefore, a series of CA analogues were synthesized to evaluate their anti-melanoma activities across various melanoma cell lines. These compounds were also tested for their toxicity against the different normal cell lines. The compound with the most potential, CAD-14, exhibited potent activity against the A375, A875 and SK-MEL-1 cells, with IC50 values of 0.58, 0.65, and 0.82 µM, respectively. A preliminary molecular mechanism study of CAD-14 indicated that it could inhibit the p38 pathway to induce apoptosis, and suppress tumor growth by inhibiting the expression of ENO1. Furthermore, an acute toxicity study depicted that CAD-14 has better safety and tolerability than CA in vivo. These findings indicate that CAD-14 might be a lead compound for exploring effective anti-melanoma drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongsong Jiang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830017, China; (R.J.); (M.Z.); (S.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Fukui Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, College of Pharmacy, Nankai University, Tianjin 300353, China;
| | - Miaomiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830017, China; (R.J.); (M.Z.); (S.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Shulipan Mulati
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830017, China; (R.J.); (M.Z.); (S.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Jinfeng Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830017, China; (R.J.); (M.Z.); (S.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Yicun Tao
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830017, China; (R.J.); (M.Z.); (S.M.); (J.W.)
| | - Weiyi Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi 830017, China; (R.J.); (M.Z.); (S.M.); (J.W.)
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9
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Desai TA, Hedman ÅK, Dimitriou M, Koprulu M, Figiel S, Yin W, Johansson M, Watts EL, Atkins JR, Sokolov AV, Schiöth HB, Gunter MJ, Tsilidis KK, Martin RM, Pietzner M, Langenberg C, Mills IG, Lamb AD, Mälarstig A, Key TJ, Travis RC, Smith-Byrne K. Identifying proteomic risk factors for overall, aggressive and early onset prostate cancer using Mendelian randomization and tumor spatial transcriptomics. MEDRXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR HEALTH SCIENCES 2023:2023.09.21.23295864. [PMID: 37790472 PMCID: PMC10543057 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.21.23295864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Understanding the role of circulating proteins in prostate cancer risk can reveal key biological pathways and identify novel targets for cancer prevention. Methods We investigated the association of 2,002 genetically predicted circulating protein levels with risk of prostate cancer overall, and of aggressive and early onset disease, using cis-pQTL Mendelian randomization (MR) and colocalization. Findings for proteins with support from both MR, after correction for multiple-testing, and colocalization were replicated using two independent cancer GWAS, one of European and one of African ancestry. Proteins with evidence of prostate-specific tissue expression were additionally investigated using spatial transcriptomic data in prostate tumor tissue to assess their role in tumor aggressiveness. Finally, we mapped risk proteins to drug and ongoing clinical trials targets. Results We identified 20 proteins genetically linked to prostate cancer risk (14 for overall [8 specific], 7 for aggressive [3 specific], and 8 for early onset disease [2 specific]), of which a majority were novel and replicated. Among these were proteins associated with aggressive disease, such as PPA2 [Odds Ratio (OR) per 1 SD increment = 2.13, 95% CI: 1.54-2.93], PYY [OR = 1.87, 95% CI: 1.43-2.44] and PRSS3 [OR = 0.80, 95% CI: 0.73-0.89], and those associated with early onset disease, including EHPB1 [OR = 2.89, 95% CI: 1.99-4.21], POGLUT3 [OR = 0.76, 95% CI: 0.67-0.86] and TPM3 [OR = 0.47, 95% CI: 0.34-0.64]. We confirm an inverse association of MSMB with prostate cancer overall [OR = 0.81, 95% CI: 0.80-0.82], and also find an inverse association with both aggressive [OR = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.82-0.86] and early onset disease [OR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.68-0.74]. Using spatial transcriptomics data, we identified MSMB as the genome-wide top-most predictive gene to distinguish benign regions from high grade cancer regions that had five-fold lower MSMB expression. Additionally, ten proteins that were associated with prostate cancer risk mapped to existing therapeutic interventions. Conclusion Our findings emphasize the importance of proteomics for improving our understanding of prostate cancer etiology and of opportunities for novel therapeutic interventions. Additionally, we demonstrate the added benefit of in-depth functional analyses to triangulate the role of risk proteins in the clinical aggressiveness of prostate tumors. Using these integrated methods, we identify a subset of risk proteins associated with aggressive and early onset disease as priorities for investigation for the future prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trishna A Desai
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Åsa K Hedman
- External Science and Innovation, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Marios Dimitriou
- External Science and Innovation, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Mine Koprulu
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Sandy Figiel
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Wencheng Yin
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Mattias Johansson
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
| | - Eleanor L Watts
- Metabolic Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, Maryland, United States of America
| | - Joshua R Atkins
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Aleksandr V Sokolov
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Helgi B Schiöth
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience Uppsala University, 75124 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Marc J Gunter
- Genomic Epidemiology Branch, International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC-WHO), Lyon, France
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
| | - Konstantinos K Tsilidis
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, Norfolk Place, London, W2 1PG, United Kingdom
- Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, University of Ioannina School of Medicine, Ioannina, Greece
| | - Richard M Martin
- Population Health Sciences, Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
- NIHR Bristol Biomedical Research Centre, Hospitals Bristol and Weston NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Maik Pietzner
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of HealthHealth (BIH) at Charité - Univeritätsmedizin- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Claudia Langenberg
- MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Computational Medicine, Berlin Institute of HealthHealth (BIH) at Charité - Univeritätsmedizin- Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Precision Healthcare University Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Ian G Mills
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Alastair D Lamb
- University of Oxford, Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Anders Mälarstig
- External Science and Innovation, Pfizer Worldwide Research, Development and Medical, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Tim J Key
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Ruth C Travis
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Karl Smith-Byrne
- Cancer Epidemiology Unit, Oxford Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Saadh MJ, Baher H, Li Y, Chaitanya M, Arias-Gonzáles JL, Allela OQB, Mahdi MH, Carlos Cotrina-Aliaga J, Lakshmaiya N, Ahjel S, Amin AH, Gilmer Rosales Rojas G, Ameen F, Ahsan M, Akhavan-Sigari R. The bioengineered and multifunctional nanoparticles in pancreatic cancer therapy: Bioresponisive nanostructures, phototherapy and targeted drug delivery. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 233:116490. [PMID: 37354932 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023]
Abstract
The multidisciplinary approaches in treatment of cancer appear to be essential in term of bringing benefits of several disciplines and their coordination in tumor elimination. Because of the biological and malignant features of cancer cells, they have ability of developing resistance to conventional therapies such as chemo- and radio-therapy. Pancreatic cancer (PC) is a malignant disease of gastrointestinal tract in which chemotherapy and radiotherapy are main tools in its treatment, and recently, nanocarriers have been emerged as promising structures in its therapy. The bioresponsive nanocarriers are able to respond to pH and redox, among others, in targeted delivery of cargo for specific treatment of PC. The loading drugs on the nanoparticles that can be synthetic or natural compounds, can help in more reduction in progression of PC through enhancing their intracellular accumulation in cancer cells. The encapsulation of genes in the nanoparticles can protect against degradation and promotes intracellular accumulation in tumor suppression. A new kind of therapy for cancer is phototherapy in which nanoparticles can stimulate both photothermal therapy and photodynamic therapy through hyperthermia and ROS overgeneration to trigger cell death in PC. Therefore, synergistic therapy of phototherapy with chemotherapy is performed in accelerating tumor suppression. One of the important functions of nanotechnology is selective targeting of PC cells in reducing side effects on normal cells. The nanostructures are capable of being surface functionalized with aptamers, proteins and antibodies to specifically target PC cells in suppressing their progression. Therefore, a specific therapy for PC is provided and future implications for diagnosis of PC is suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed J Saadh
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Middle East University, Amman, 11831, Jordan; Applied Science Research Center. Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan
| | - Hala Baher
- Department of Radiology and Ultrasonography Techniques, College of Medical Techniques, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Yuanji Li
- Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao, 066004, China
| | - Mvnl Chaitanya
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, 144001, India
| | - José Luis Arias-Gonzáles
- Department of Social Sciences, Faculty of Social Studies, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Natrayan Lakshmaiya
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Saveetha School of Engineering, SIMATS, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Salam Ahjel
- Department of Pharmacy, Al-Zahrawi University College, Karbala, Iraq
| | - Ali H Amin
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, 35516, Egypt
| | | | - Fuad Ameen
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Ahsan
- Department of Measurememts and Control Systems, Silesian University of Technology, Gliwice, 44-100, Poland.
| | - Reza Akhavan-Sigari
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Medical Center Tuebingen, Germany; Department of Health Care Management and Clinical Research, Collegium Humanum Warsaw Management University, Warsaw, Poland
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11
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Rocchetti MT, Bizzoca D, Moretti L, Ragni E, Moretti FL, Vicenti G, Solarino G, Rizzello A, Petruzzella V, Palese LL, Scacco S, Banfi G, Moretti B, Gnoni A. A Gel-Based Proteomic Analysis Reveals Synovial α-Enolase and Fibrinogen β-Chain Dysregulation in Knee Osteoarthritis: A Controlled Trial. J Pers Med 2023; 13:916. [PMID: 37373906 PMCID: PMC10305339 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13060916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The identification of synovial fluid (SF) biomarkers that could anticipate the diagnosis of osteoarthritis (OA) is gaining increasing importance in orthopaedic clinical practice. This controlled trial aims to assess the differences between the SF proteome of patients affected by severe OA undergoing Total Knee Replacement (TKR) compared to control subjects (i.e., subjects younger than 35, undergoing knee arthroscopy for acute meniscus injury). METHODS The synovial samples were collected from patients with Kellgren Lawrence grade 3 and 4 knee osteoarthritis undergoing THR (study group) and young patients with meniscal tears and no OA signs undergoing arthroscopic surgery (control group). The samples were processed and analyzed following the protocol defined in our previous study. All of the patients underwent clinical evaluation using the International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) subjective knee evaluation (main outcome), Knee Society Clinical Rating System (KSS), Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) for pain. The drugs' assumptions and comorbidities were recorded. All patients underwent preoperative serial blood tests, including complete blood count and C-Reactive Protein (CRP). RESULTS The synovial samples' analysis showed a significantly different fibrinogen beta chain (FBG) and alpha-enolase 1 (ENO1) concentration in OA compared to the control samples. A significant correlation between clinical scores, FBG, and ENO1 concentration was observed in osteoarthritic patients. CONCLUSIONS Synovial fluid FBG and ENO1 concentrations are significantly different in patients affected by knee OA compared with non-OA subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Rocchetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Via Pinto 1, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Davide Bizzoca
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
- PhD Course in Public Health, Clinical Medicine and Oncology, DiMePre-J, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Piazza Giulio Cesare 11, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Moretti
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Enrico Ragni
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
| | - Francesco Luca Moretti
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, Laboratorio di Biotecnologie Applicate all'Ortopedia, Via R. Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milano, Italy
- National Centre for Chemicals, Cosmetic Products and Consumer Protection, National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Vicenti
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Solarino
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Rizzello
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Vittoria Petruzzella
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Luigi Leonardo Palese
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Salvatore Scacco
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Banfi
- IRCCS Galeazzi-Sant'Ambrogio, Via Cristina Belgioioso 173, 20157 Milano, Italy
- Faculty of Medicine, Università Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milano, Italy
| | - Biagio Moretti
- Orthopaedics Unit-UOSD Vertebral Surgery, DAI Neuroscience, Sense Organs and Locomotor System, AOU Consorziale Policlinico, 70124 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Gnoni
- Clinical Biochemistry, DiBraiN, School of Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy
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12
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Czegle I, Huang C, Soria PG, Purkiss DW, Shields A, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. The Role of Genetic Mutations in Mitochondrial-Driven Cancer Growth in Selected Tumors: Breast and Gynecological Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2023; 13:life13040996. [PMID: 37109525 PMCID: PMC10145875 DOI: 10.3390/life13040996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
There is an increasing understanding of the molecular and cytogenetic background of various tumors that helps us better conceptualize the pathogenesis of specific diseases. Additionally, in many cases, these molecular and cytogenetic alterations have diagnostic, prognostic, and/or therapeutic applications that are heavily used in clinical practice. Given that there is always room for improvement in cancer treatments and in cancer patient management, it is important to discover new therapeutic targets for affected individuals. In this review, we discuss mitochondrial changes in breast and gynecological (endometrial and ovarian) cancers. In addition, we review how the frequently altered genes in these diseases (BRCA1/2, HER2, PTEN, PIK3CA, CTNNB1, RAS, CTNNB1, FGFR, TP53, ARID1A, and TERT) affect the mitochondria, highlighting the possible associated individual therapeutic targets. With this approach, drugs targeting mitochondrial glucose or fatty acid metabolism, reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial biogenesis, mtDNA transcription, mitophagy, or cell death pathways could provide further tailored treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary
| | - Chelsea Huang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Priscilla Geraldine Soria
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Dylan Wesley Purkiss
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
| | - Andrea Shields
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA
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13
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Song Q, Zhang K, Sun T, Xu C, Zhao W, Zhang Z. Knockout of ENO1 leads to metabolism reprogramming and tumor retardation in pancreatic cancer. Front Oncol 2023; 13:1119886. [PMID: 36845730 PMCID: PMC9950624 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2023.1119886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The shift in glucose utilization from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis is the hallmark of tumor cells. The overexpression of ENO1, one of the key enzymes in the glycolysis process, has been identified in several cancers, however, its role in pancreatic cancer (PC) is yet unclear. This study identifies ENO1 as an indispensable factor in the progression of PC. Interestingly, ENO1-knockout could inhibit cell invasion and migration and prevent cell proliferation in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) cells (PANC-1 and MIA PaCa-2); meanwhile, tumor cell glucose uptake and lactate excretion also decreased significantly. Furthermore, ENO1-knockout reduced colony formation and tumorigenesis in both in vitro and in vivo tests. In total, after ENO1 knockout, 727 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in PDAC cells by RNA-seq. Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that these DEGs are mainly associated with components such as the 'extracellular matrix' and 'endoplasmic reticulum lumen', and participate in the regulation of signal receptor activity. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analysis revealed that the identified DEGs are associated with pathways, such as 'fructose and mannose metabolism', 'pentose phosphate pathway, and 'sugar metabolism for amino and nucleotide. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis showed that ENO1 knockout promoted the upregulation of oxidative phosphorylation and lipid metabolism pathways-related genes. Altogether, these results indicated that ENO1-knockout inhibited tumorigenesis by reducing cell glycolysis and activating other metabolic pathways by altering the expression of G6PD, ALDOC, UAP1, as well as other related metabolic genes. Concisely, ENO1, which plays a vital role in the abnormal glucose metabolism in PC, can be exploited as a target to control carcinogenesis by reducing aerobic glycolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tianjiao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Congcong Xu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Department of Cell Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, China
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14
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Quinn C, Tomás-Cortázar J, Ofioritse O, Cosgrave J, Purcell C, McAloon C, Frost S, McClean S. GlnH, a Novel Antigen That Offers Partial Protection against Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli Infection. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:175. [PMID: 36680019 PMCID: PMC9863631 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11010175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) causes zoonotic infections, with potentially devastating complications, and children under 5 years old are particularly susceptible. Antibiotic treatment is contraindicated, and due to the high proportion of infected children that suffer from severe and life-changing complications, there is an unmet need for a vaccine to prevent VTEC infections. Bacterial adhesins represent promising candidates for the successful development of a vaccine against VTEC. Using a proteomic approach to identify bacterial proteins interacting with human gastrointestinal epithelial Caco-2 and HT-29 cells, we identified eleven proteins by mass spectrometry. These included a glutamine-binding periplasmic protein, GlnH, a member of the ABC transporter family. The glnH gene was identified in 13 of the 15 bovine and all 5 human patient samples tested, suggesting that it is prevalent. We confirmed that GlnH is involved in the host cell attachment of an O157:H7 prototype E. coli strain to gastrointestinal cells in vitro. Recombinant GlnH was expressed and purified prior to the immunisation of mice. When alum was used as an adjuvant, GlnH was highly immunogenic, stimulating strong serological responses in immunised mice, and it resulted in a modest reduction in faecal shedding but did not reduce colonisation. GlnH immunisation with a T-cell-inducing adjuvant (SAS) also showed comparable antibody responses and an IgG1/IgG2a ratio suggestive of a mixed Th1/Th2 response but was partially protective, with a 1.5-log reduction in colonisation of the colon and caecum at 7 days relative to the adjuvant only (p = 0.0280). It is clear that future VTEC vaccine developments should consider the contribution of adjuvants in addition to antigens. Moreover, it is likely that a combined cellular and humoral response may prove more beneficial in providing protective interventions against VTEC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Quinn
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 24, Ireland
- APC Ltd., Building 11, Cherrywood Business Park, Loughlinstown, D18 DH5 Co. Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julen Tomás-Cortázar
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - Oritsejolomi Ofioritse
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Joanne Cosgrave
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Claire Purcell
- Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Tallaght University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - Catherine McAloon
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Susanna Frost
- Children’s Health Ireland (CHI) at Tallaght, Tallaght University Hospital, Tallaght, Dublin 24, Ireland
| | - Siobhán McClean
- School of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- UCD Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 24, Ireland
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15
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Post-Translational Modifications in Tumor-Associated Antigens as a Platform for Novel Immuno-Oncology Therapies. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 15:cancers15010138. [PMID: 36612133 PMCID: PMC9817968 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15010138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are generated by adding small chemical groups to amino acid residues after the translation of proteins. Many PTMs have been reported to correlate with tumor progression, growth, and survival by modifying the normal functions of the protein in tumor cells. PTMs can also elicit humoral and cellular immune responses, making them attractive targets for cancer immunotherapy. This review will discuss how the acetylation, citrullination, and phosphorylation of proteins expressed by tumor cells render the corresponding tumor-associated antigen more antigenic and affect the immune response in multiple cancers. In addition, the role of glycosylated protein mucins in anti-cancer immunotherapy will be considered. Mucin peptides in combination with stimulating adjuvants have, in fact, been utilized to produce anti-tumor antibodies and vaccines. Finally, we will also outline the results of the clinical trial exploiting glycosylated-MUC1 as a vaccine in different cancers. Overall, PTMs in TAAs could be considered in future therapies to result in lasting anti-tumor responses.
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16
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ENO1 Binds to ApoC3 and Impairs the Proliferation of T Cells via IL-8/STAT3 Pathway in OSCC. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232112777. [DOI: 10.3390/ijms232112777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymph node metastasis is associated with poor prognosis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and few studies have explored the relevance of postoperative lymphatic drainage (PLD) in metastatic OSCC. Alpha-enolase (ENO1) is a metabolic enzyme, which is related to lymphatic metastasis of OSCC. However, the role of ENO1 in PLD in metastatic OSCC has not been elucidated. Herein, we collected lymphatic drainage after lymphadenectomy between metastatic and non-metastatic lymph nodes in OSCC patients to investigate the relationship between ENO1 expression and metastasis, and to identify the proteins which interacted with ENO1 in PLD of patients with metastatic OSCC by MS/GST pulldown assay. Results revealed that the metabolic protein apolipoprotein C-III (ApoC3) was a novel partner of ENO1. The ENO1 bound to ApoC3 in OSCC cells and elicited the production of interleukin (IL)-8, as demonstrated through a cytokine antibody assay. We also studied the function of IL-8 on Jurkat T cells co-cultured with OSCC cells in vitro. Western blot analysis was applied to quantitate STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3) and p-STAT3 levels. Mechanistically, OSCC cells activated the STAT3 signaling pathway on Jurkat T cells through IL-8 secretion, promoted apoptosis, and inhibited the proliferation of Jurkat T cells. Collectively, these findings illuminate the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of ENO1 in metastasis OSCC and provide new strategies for targeting ENO1 for OSCC treatment.
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17
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Yu F, He M, Li J, Wang H, Chen S, Zhang X, Zhang H, Duan G, Zhang R. Differential Expression of α-Enolase in Clinical Gastric Tissues and Cultured Normal/Cancer Cells in Response to Helicobacter pylori Infection and cagA Transfection. Medicina (B Aires) 2022; 58:medicina58101453. [PMID: 36295613 PMCID: PMC9607155 DOI: 10.3390/medicina58101453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives: The role of α-enolase (ENO1) in Helicobacter pylori-related gastric lesions might be a critical factor in the pathogenesis, but remains undefined. Materials and Methods: This study investigated the differential expression of α-enolase in clinical gastric specimens and cultured normal/cancer cells in response to H. pylori (cagA+) infection and cagA transfection using qPCR, Western blots and histochemical methods. Results: A total of 172 gastric specimens were collected from 142 patients, the former comprising chronic superficial gastritis (CSG), precancerous diseases (PCDs, including atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia and dysplasia) and gastric cancer (GC) cases. Among the CSG and PCD cases, the H. pylori-infected group had significantly elevated ENO1 mRNA levels compared with the uninfected group. In the GC cases, differential ENO1 expressions were detected between the cancer tissues and the paracancerous tissues. Notably, significant difference was first detected between the GC cell (AGS) and the normal cell (GES-1) as a response of ENO1 to H. pylori infection and cagA transfection. Conclusions: This report reveals that ENO1 expression is associated with H. pylori infection, cagA transfection, co-culture duration, multiplicity of infection, gastric normal/cancerous cell lines and cellular differentiation. The findings may be crucial bases for further ascertaining H. pylori pathogenic mechanism and formulating novel therapeutic and diagnostic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiyan Yu
- The First Affiliated Hospital, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengya He
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Jian Li
- Henan Provincial People’s Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Haiyan Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Shuaiyin Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Xiaojuan Zhang
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471000, China
| | - Huijuan Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
| | - Guangcai Duan
- The First Affiliated Hospital, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
| | - Rongguang Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital, International School of Public Health and One Health, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, China
- Department of Epidemiology, College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: (H.Z.); (R.Z.)
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18
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Wang J, Jin Z, Wu G, Deng Z, Wang J, Xu B, Zhu H, Guo Y, Wen Z. Construction of a 3-mRNA hypoxia prognostic model to evaluate immune microenvironment in hepatocellular carcinoma. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30589. [PMID: 36181125 PMCID: PMC9524961 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypoxia is a key factor in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is the most common primary liver cancer with poor prognosis. The current study aimed to identify the potential prognostic biomarkers of the hypoxia-associated gene signature in patients with HCC, and to further explore the relationship between hypoxia and immune infiltration. METHODS After the determination of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) using the HCC transcriptome data of The Cancer Genome Atlas database and hypoxia-related gene set, the prognosis-associated genes were identified using univariate Cox regression analysis. Then, the hypoxia prognosis model was established via multivariate Cox regression analysis, with functional annotation conducted using Gene Set Enrichment Analysis. CIBERSORT was utilized to analyze the degree of tumor immune invasion, and an International Cancer Genome Consortium cohort to verify the reliability of the prognosis model. Expression levels of hypoxia-associated genes were detected by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction in HCC samples. RESULTS 3 genes (ENO1, SAP30, and STC2) constructed the hypoxia prognosis model. The patients were subdivided into 2 groups based on median risk score, with a high hypoxic score indicating poor prognosis of HCC. The hypoxia signature could be employed as an independent prognostic factor in HCC. In addition, the proportion of macrophages was higher in the high-risk group. CONCLUSION The hypoxia-associated signature could be a potential prognostic marker of HCC and provides a different perspective for immunotherapy of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zongrui Jin
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Guolin Wu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhenfeng Deng
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jilong Wang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Banghao Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hai Zhu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ya Guo
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Zhang Wen
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
- *Correspondence: Zhang Wen, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Shuangyong Road 6#, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, China (e-mail: )
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19
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Proteomic analysis of the effect of high-fat-diet and voluntary physical activity on mouse liver. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0273049. [PMID: 35981048 PMCID: PMC9387828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0273049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD), characterized by an abnormal accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes, is closely linked to insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and changes in lipogenesis in the liver. The accumulation of hepatic lipids can lead to a range of pathologies from mild steatosis to severe cirrhosis. Endurance exercise is known to ameliorate the adverse health effects of NAFLD. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of voluntary wheel running (VWR) on the metabolic changes in the livers of high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NAFLD mice and used LC-MS/MS (Liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry) to determine whether the tested intervention affected the protein expression profiles of the mouse livers. Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into three groups: control (CON), high-fat diet sedentary group (HFD), high-fat diet VWR group (HFX). HFX group performed voluntary wheel running into individually cages, given a high-fat diet for 12 weeks. Food consumption, body weight, and running distance were measured every week. Using 2D (2-dimensional)-gel electrophoresis, we detected and quantitatively analyzed the protein expression with >2.0-fold change in the livers of HFD-fed mice, HFD-fed exercise (HFX) mice, and chow-fed mice. Body weight was significantly increased in HFD compared to CON (P < 0.05). The 2D-gel electrophoresis analysis indicated that there was a difference between CON and HFD groups, showing 31 increased and 27 decreased spots in the total 302 paired spots in the HFD group compared to CON. The analysis showed 43 increased and 17 decreased spots in the total 258 spots in the HFX group compared to CON. Moreover, 12 weeks of VWR showed an increase of 35 and a decrease of 8 spots in a total of 264 paired spots between HFD and HFX. LC-MS/MS of HFD group revealed that proteins involved in ketogenesis, lipid metabolism, and the metabolism of drugs and xenobiotics were upregulated, whereas detoxifying proteins, mitochondrial precursors, transport proteins, proteasomes, and proteins involved in amino acid metabolism were downregulated. On the other hand, VWR counteracted the protein expression profile of HFD-fed mice by upregulating molecular chaperones, gluconeogenesis-, detoxification-, proteasome-, and energy metabolism-related proteins. This study provided a molecular understanding of the HFD- and exercise-induced protein marker expression and presented the beneficial effects of exercise during pathophysiological conditions.
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Circular RNA circNFKB1 promotes osteoarthritis progression through interacting with ENO1 and sustaining NF-κB signaling. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:695. [PMID: 35945200 PMCID: PMC9363463 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05148-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Inflammatory cytokines-induced activation of the nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) pathway plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of osteoarthritis (OA). Circular RNA (circRNA) has been identified as important epigenetic factor in numerous diseases. However, the biological roles of inflammation-related circRNAs in regulating OA pathogenesis remain elusive. Here, we revealed circRNA expression profiles in human primary chondrocytes with interleukin-1β (IL-1β) stimulation by circRNA sequencing. We identified a highly upregulated circRNA, termed as circNFKB1 in inflamed chondrocytes and osteoarthritic cartilage. As a circRNA derived from exon 2-5 of NFKB1, circNFKB1 is located in both cytoplasm and nucleus of chondrocytes. Furthermore, knockdown of circNFKB1 inhibited extracellular matrix (ECM) catabolism and rescued IL-1β impaired ECM anabolism whereas ectopic expression of circNFKB1 significantly promoted chondrocytes degradation in vitro. Moreover, intraarticular injection of adenovirus-circNFKB1 in mouse joints triggered spontaneous cartilage loss and OA development. Mechanistically, circNFKB1 interacted with α-enolase (ENO1), regulated the expression of its parental gene NFKB1 and sustained the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway in chondrocytes. Therefore, this study highlights a novel ENO1-interacting circNFKB1 in OA pathogenesis, and provides valuable insights into understanding the regulatory mechanism of NF-κB signaling in chondrocytes and a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of OA.
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21
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Chen ML, Yuan TT, Chuang CF, Huang YT, Chung IC, Huang WC. A Novel Enolase-1 Antibody Targets Multiple Interacting Players in the Tumor Microenvironment of Advanced Prostate Cancer. Mol Cancer Ther 2022; 21:1337-1347. [PMID: 35700013 PMCID: PMC9662882 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-21-0285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Prostate cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer death in men worldwide, and the treatment options are limited for patients with advanced stages of prostate cancer. Upon oncogenic or inflammatory stimulation, tumor cells or immune cells express cell surface enolase-1 (ENO1) as plasminogen receptor to facilitate their migration via plasmin activation. Little is known about the roles of ENO1 in prostate cancer, especially in the tumor microenvironment (TME). We hypothesized that targeting surface ENO1 with specific mAbs would exert multifactorial therapeutic potentials against prostate cancer. In vivo, we showed ENO1 mAb (HuL227) reduced the growth of subcutaneous PC-3 xenograft, monocytes recruitment, and intratumoral angiogenesis. In a PC-3 intratibial implantation model, HuL227 reduced tumor growth and osteoclast activation in the bone. To investigate the antitumor mechanism of ENO1 mAb, we found that blocking surface ENO1 significantly reduced VEGF-A-induced tube formation of endothelial cells in vitro. Furthermore, HuL227 inhibited inflammation-enhanced osteoclasts activity and the secretion of invasion-related cytokines CCL2 and TGFβ from osteoclasts. In addition, inflammation-induced migration and chemotaxis of androgen-independent prostate cancer cells were dose-dependently inhibited by HuL227. In summary, we showed that, ENO1 mAb targets multiple TME niches involved in prostate cancer progression and bone metastasis via a plasmin-related mechanism, which may provide a novel immunotherapy approach for men with advanced prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ta-Tung Yuan
- HuniLife Biotechnology Inc., Taiwan.,Corresponding Authors: Wei-Ching Huang, Department of Research and Development, HuniLife Biotechnology Inc., Rm. 1, 6F, No.308, Sec. 1, Neihu Road, Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan. Phone: 8862-2657-9668; Fax: 8862-2657-9669; E-mail: ; and Ta-Tung Yuan,
| | | | | | | | - Wei-Ching Huang
- HuniLife Biotechnology Inc., Taiwan.,Corresponding Authors: Wei-Ching Huang, Department of Research and Development, HuniLife Biotechnology Inc., Rm. 1, 6F, No.308, Sec. 1, Neihu Road, Neihu District, Taipei City 114, Taiwan. Phone: 8862-2657-9668; Fax: 8862-2657-9669; E-mail: ; and Ta-Tung Yuan,
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22
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Long Noncoding RNAs and Circular RNAs in the Metabolic Reprogramming of Lung Cancer: Functions, Mechanisms, and Clinical Potential. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4802338. [PMID: 35757505 PMCID: PMC9217624 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4802338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
As key regulators of gene function, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) and circular RNAs (circRNAs) are generally accepted to be involved in lung cancer pathogenesis and progression. Recent research has clarified the phenomenon of metabolic reprogramming in lung cancer because of its significant role in tumor proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and other malignant biological behaviors. Emerging evidence has also shown a relationship between the aberrant expression of lncRNAs and circRNAs and metabolic reprogramming in lung cancer tumorigenesis. This review provides insight regarding the roles of different lncRNAs and circRNAs in lung cancer metabolic reprogramming, by how they target transporter proteins and key enzymes in glucose, lipid, and glutamine metabolic signaling pathways. The clinical potential of lncRNAs and circRNAs as early diagnostic biomarkers and components of therapeutic strategies in lung cancer is further discussed, including current challenges in their utilization from the bench to the bedside and how to adopt a proper delivery system for their therapeutic use.
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23
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Silvestro S, Diomede F, Chiricosta L, Zingale VD, Marconi GD, Pizzicannella J, Valeri A, Avanzini MA, Calcaterra V, Pelizzo G, Mazzon E. The Role of Hypoxia in Improving the Therapeutic Potential of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells. A Comparative Study From Healthy Lung and Congenital Pulmonary Airway Malformations in Infants. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:868486. [PMID: 35774062 PMCID: PMC9237219 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.868486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) play an important role in the field of regenerative medicine thanks to their immunomodulatory properties and their ability to secrete paracrine factors. The use of MSCs has also been tested in children with congenital lung diseases inducing fibrosis and a decrease in lung function. Congenital malformations of the pulmonary airways (CPAM) are the most frequently encountered lung lesion that results from defects in early development of airways. Despite the beneficial properties of MSCs, interventions aimed at improving the outcome of cell therapy are needed. Hypoxia may be an approach aimed to ameliorate the therapeutic potential of MSCs. In this regard, we evaluated the transcriptomic profile of MSCs collected from pediatric patients with CPAM, analyzing similarities and differences between healthy tissue (MSCs-lung) and cystic tissue (MSCs-CPAM) both in normoxia and in cells preconditioned with hypoxia (0.2%) for 24 h. Study results showed that hypoxia induces cell cycle activation, increasing in such a way the cell proliferation ability, and enhancing cell anaerobic metabolism in both MSCs-lung and MSCs-CPAM-lung. Additionally, hypoxia downregulated several pro-apoptotic genes preserving MSCs from apoptosis and, at the same time, improving their viability in both comparisons. Finally, data obtained indicates that hypoxia leads to a greater expression of genes involved in the regulation of the cytoskeleton in MSCs-lung than MSCs-CPAM.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine and Dentistry, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | | | - Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. D’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Valeri
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi “Bonino-Pulejo”, Messina, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Avanzini
- Cell Factory, Pediatric Hematology Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, Pavia, Italy
| | - Valeria Calcaterra
- Pediatrics and Adolescentology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
- Pediatric Department, Children’s Hospital “Vittore Buzzi”, Milano, Italy
| | - Gloria Pelizzo
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Children’s Hospital “Vittore Buzzi”, Milano, Italy
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences-L. Sacco, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
- *Correspondence: Gloria Pelizzo,
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24
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Huppertz I, Perez-Perri JI, Mantas P, Sekaran T, Schwarzl T, Russo F, Ferring-Appel D, Koskova Z, Dimitrova-Paternoga L, Kafkia E, Hennig J, Neveu PA, Patil K, Hentze MW. Riboregulation of Enolase 1 activity controls glycolysis and embryonic stem cell differentiation. Mol Cell 2022; 82:2666-2680.e11. [PMID: 35709751 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2022.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Differentiating stem cells must coordinate their metabolism and fate trajectories. Here, we report that the catalytic activity of the glycolytic enzyme Enolase 1 (ENO1) is directly regulated by RNAs leading to metabolic rewiring in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). We identify RNA ligands that specifically inhibit ENO1's enzymatic activity in vitro and diminish glycolysis in cultured human cells and mESCs. Pharmacological inhibition or RNAi-mediated depletion of the protein deacetylase SIRT2 increases ENO1's acetylation and enhances its RNA binding. Similarly, induction of mESC differentiation leads to increased ENO1 acetylation, enhanced RNA binding, and inhibition of glycolysis. Stem cells expressing mutant forms of ENO1 that escape or hyper-activate this regulation display impaired germ layer differentiation. Our findings uncover acetylation-driven riboregulation of ENO1 as a physiological mechanism of glycolytic control and of the regulation of stem cell differentiation. Riboregulation may represent a more widespread principle of biological control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ina Huppertz
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Joel I Perez-Perri
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Panagiotis Mantas
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thileepan Sekaran
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Schwarzl
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Francesco Russo
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Dunja Ferring-Appel
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Zuzana Koskova
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | - Eleni Kafkia
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Janosch Hennig
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Pierre A Neveu
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Kiran Patil
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Matthias W Hentze
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
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25
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Abstract
α-Enolase (ENO1), also known as 2-phospho-D-glycerate hydrolase, is a glycolytic enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of 2-phosphoglyceric acid to phosphoenolpyruvic acid during glycolysis. It is a multifunctional oncoprotein that is present both in cell surface and cytoplasm, contributing to hit seven out of ten “hallmarks of cancer.” ENO1's glycolytic function deregulates cellular energetic, sustains tumor proliferation, and inhibits cancer cell apoptosis. Moreover, ENO1 evades growth suppressors and helps tumors to avoid immune destruction. Besides, ENO1 “moonlights” on the cell surface and acts as a plasminogen receptor, promoting cancer invasion and metastasis by inducing angiogenesis. Overexpression of ENO1 on a myriad of cancer types together with its localization on the tumor surface makes it a great prognostic and diagnostic cancer biomarker as well as an accessible oncotherapeutic target. This review summarizes the up-to-date knowledge about the relationship between ENO1 and cancer, examines ENO1's potential as a cancer biomarker, and discusses ENO1's role in novel onco-immunotherapeutic strategies.
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26
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Alpha-Enolase (ENO1) Correlates with Invasiveness of Cutaneous Melanoma—An In Vitro and a Clinical Study. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:diagnostics12020254. [PMID: 35204345 PMCID: PMC8871300 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12020254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Alpha-enolase (ENO1) undergoes accentuated overexpression in several solid cancers, but little is known about its status in cutaneous melanoma. The aim of this study was to investigate the prognostic significance of ENO1 in surgical resections from melanoma patients and to assess its expression and enzymatic activity in several melanoma cell lines. In clinical analysis, the overexpression of ENO1 in melanoma cells was significantly correlated with advanced clinical stage, presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes, and shorter cancer-specific overall survival and disease-free survival. We also demonstrated high expression of ENO1 in melanoma cell lines compared with normal melanocytes. Our study, which extends previous in vitro research, makes the alpha-enolase a candidate for a promising diagnostic and therapeutic target for various types of cancers. Consequently, additional testing of ENO1 as a target for melanoma therapy is necessary. Abstract Alpha-enolase (ENO1) is a glycolytic metalloenzyme, and its overexpression occurs in numerous cancers, contributing to cancer cell survival, proliferation, and maintenance of the Warburg effect. Patients with an overexpression of ENO1 have a poor prognosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prognostic significance of ENO1 in surgical resections from 112 melanoma patients and to assess its expression and enzymatic activity in normoxia and hypoxia in several melanoma cell lines. Overexpression of ENO1 in tumor cells from patients was correlated with unfavorable prognosticators such as Breslow thickness, Clark level, mitotic activity, and the presence of ulceration. The expression of ENO1 also positively correlated with a greater thickness of the neoplastic infiltrate and a worse long-term prognosis for patients with cutaneous melanoma. We report significantly higher expression of ENO1 in melanoma cell lines in comparison to normal melanocytes. To conclude, our in vitro and clinical models showed that overexpression of ENO1 promotes invasiveness of melanoma cells and correlates with aggressive clinical behavior. These observations open the way to further search of a potential prognostic and therapeutic target in cutaneous melanoma.
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Kumar AA, Buckley BJ, Ranson M. The Urokinase Plasminogen Activation System in Pancreatic Cancer: Prospective Diagnostic and Therapeutic Targets. Biomolecules 2022; 12:152. [PMID: 35204653 PMCID: PMC8961517 DOI: 10.3390/biom12020152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy that features high recurrence rates and the poorest prognosis of all solid cancers. The urokinase plasminogen activation system (uPAS) is strongly implicated in the pathophysiology and clinical outcomes of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which accounts for more than 90% of all pancreatic cancers. Overexpression of the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) or its cell surface receptor uPAR is a key step in the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype via multiple mechanisms, including the increased activation of cell surface localised plasminogen which generates the serine protease plasmin. This triggers multiple downstream processes that promote tumour cell migration and invasion. Increasing clinical evidence shows that the overexpression of uPA, uPAR, or of both is strongly associated with worse clinicopathological features and poor prognosis in PDAC patients. This review provides an overview of the current understanding of the uPAS in the pathogenesis and progression of pancreatic cancer, with a focus on PDAC, and summarises the substantial body of evidence that supports the role of uPAS components, including plasminogen receptors, in this disease. The review further outlines the clinical utility of uPAS components as prospective diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for PDAC, as well as a rationale for the development of novel uPAS-targeted therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashna A. Kumar
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (A.A.K.); (B.J.B.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Benjamin J. Buckley
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (A.A.K.); (B.J.B.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
| | - Marie Ranson
- Illawarra Health and Medical Research Institute, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia; (A.A.K.); (B.J.B.)
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Medicine and Health, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia
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28
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Sun Y, Lin Y, Deng Y, Wu X, Zhong J, Huang Y, Jiang W, Chi P. Identification of proteins associated with treatment response of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma by co-expression network analysis based on proteomic analysis. J Proteomics 2022; 254:104472. [PMID: 34990823 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2021.104472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
For rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (MAC), identifying biomarkers of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) response has become imperative. This study applied label-free mass spectrometry and weighted gene co-expression network analysis to identify hub proteins in association with the NCRT response in 20 rectal MAC patients. We identified 131 differentially abundant proteins and 7 candidate proteins associated with the NCRT response. The immunostaining expressions of six proteins (ENOA, ILEU, MDHM, RM11, PTGDS, and RL3) were significantly associated with the NCRT response. Logistic regression analysis revealed that ENOA (OR = 6.275, P = 0.006) was independent risk hub protein for the NCRT response. Tow hub proteins (ENOA and PTGDS) were identified as significant risk factors by Cox regression analysis. A prognostic risk score system was constructed: risk score = (0.910 × EXPENOA) + (-1.519 × EXPPTGDS), and found to be an independent predictor of DFS in rectal MAC patients (HR = 10.308, P < 0.001). Our study suggested that ENOA may be a novel biomarker for the NCRT response and prognosis in rectal MAC patients. A two-hub-protein-based risk score system might be used for predicting tumor recurrence in rectal MAC patients. SIGNIFICANCE: NCRT resistance is a major problem in the treatment of rectal MAC patients. Identifying robust predictive biomarkers for NCRT resistance is beneficial to the stratified treatment of rectal MAC patients. In this study, label-free mass spectrometry and weighted gene co-expression network analysis identified ENOA as a potential novel biomarker for the NCRT response and prognosis. ENOA may be involved in the process of the NCRT resistance and tumor recurrence through the carbon metabolism pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanwu Sun
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yu Lin
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Yu Deng
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Xuejing Wu
- Department of Pathology, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | | | - Ying Huang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China
| | - Weizhong Jiang
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
| | - Pan Chi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Department of General Surgery, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Minimal Invasive Center, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China; Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, PR China.
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29
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Abstract
Antibodies against autologous tumor-associated antigens have been demonstrated as being useful biomarkers for early cancer diagnosis and prognosis. They have several advantages such as long half-life (7-30 days depending on subtiter of Ig), inherent stability in patients' blood due to not being subjected to proteolysis, well-studied biochemical properties, and their easy detections via secondary antibodies or antigens. Moreover, they can be easily screened in the serum using a noninvasive approach. Consequently, many technical approaches have been developed to study autoantibodies. We used serological proteome analysis (SERPA) for analyzing antibodies in pancreatic cancer patients' sera, and the technique will be discussed in detail. SERPA has several advantages over other approaches currently used such as SEREX (serological analysis of tumor antigens by recombinant cDNA expression cloning) and phage display. SEREX involves the construction of a lambda phage cDNA library from tumor samples to infect bacteria. While library construction is a quite laborious and time-consuming procedure in SEREX, detection of posttranslational modifications that could be fundamental for antibody recognition is a major limitation of both SEREX and phage display techniques. SERPA avoids the time-consuming construction of cDNA libraries. In addition, since it does not rely on bacterial expression of antigens, antigens will have their usual posttranslational modifications preventing false-positive or -negative results in autoantibody profiling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Cappello
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), Turin University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Sara Bulfamante
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Healthy Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Giorgia Mandili
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), Turin University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Francesco Novelli
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Center for Experimental Research and Medical Studies (CeRMS), Turin University Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
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30
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Sharma S, Watanabe T, Nishimoto T, Takihara T, Mlakar L, Nguyen XX, Sanderson M, Su Y, Chambers RA, Feghali-Bostwick C. E4 engages uPAR and enolase-1 and activates urokinase to exert antifibrotic effects. JCI Insight 2021; 6:144935. [PMID: 34935642 PMCID: PMC8783693 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.144935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Fibroproliferative disorders such as systemic sclerosis (SSc) have no effective therapies and result in significant morbidity and mortality. We recently demonstrated that the C-terminal domain of endostatin, known as E4, prevented and reversed both dermal and pulmonary fibrosis. Our goal was to identify the mechanism by which E4 abrogates fibrosis and its cell surface binding partner(s). Our findings show that E4 activated the urokinase pathway and increased the urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) to type 1 plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-1) ratio. In addition, E4 substantially increased MMP-1 and MMP-3 expression and activity. In vivo, E4 reversed bleomycin induction of PAI-1 and increased uPA activity. In patients with SSc, the uPA/PAI-1 ratio was decreased in both lung tissues and pulmonary fibroblasts compared with normal donors. Proteins bound to biotinylated-E4 were identified as enolase-1 (ENO) and uPA receptor (uPAR). The antifibrotic effects of E4 required uPAR. Further, ENO mediated the fibrotic effects of TGF-β1 and exerted TGF-β1–independent fibrotic effects. Our findings suggest that the antifibrotic effect of E4 is mediated, in part, by regulation of the urokinase pathway and induction of MMP-1 and MMP-3 levels and activity in a uPAR-dependent manner, thus promoting extracellular matrix degradation. Further, our findings identify a moonlighting function for the glycolytic enzyme ENO in fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailza Sharma
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Tomoya Watanabe
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Tetsuya Nishimoto
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Takahisa Takihara
- Division of Pulmonary Medicine, Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Logan Mlakar
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Xinh-Xinh Nguyen
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Matthew Sanderson
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Yunyun Su
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Roger A Chambers
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
| | - Carol Feghali-Bostwick
- Division of Rheumatology & Immunology, Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA
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31
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Rocha-Brito KJP, Clerici SP, Cordeiro HG, Scotá Ferreira AP, Barreto Fonseca EM, Gonçalves PR, Abrantes JLF, Milani R, Massaro RR, Maria-Engler SS, Ferreira-Halder CV. Quercetin increases mitochondrial proteins (VDAC and SDH) and downmodulates AXL and PIM-1 tyrosine kinase receptors in NRAS melanoma cells. Biol Chem 2021; 403:293-303. [PMID: 34854272 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Melanoma is a type of skin cancer with low survival rates after it has metastasized. In order to find molecular differences that could represent targets of quercetin in anti-melanoma activity, we have chosen SKMEL-103 and SKMEL-28 melanoma cells and human melanocytes as models. Firstly, we observed that quercetin was able in reducing SKMEL-103 cell viability, but not in SKMEL-28. Besides that, quercetin treatment caused inhibition of AXL in both cell lines, but upregulation of PIM-1 in SKMEL-28 and downregulation in SKMEL-103. Moreover, HIF-1 alpha expression decreased in both cell lines. Interestingly, quercetin was more effective against SKMEL-103 than kinases inhibitors, such as Imatinib, Temsirolimus, U0126, and Erlotinib. Interestingly, we observed that while the levels of succinate dehydrogenase and voltage-dependent anion channel increased in SKMEL-103, both proteins were downregulated in SKMEL-28 after quercetin's treatment. Furthermore, AKT, AXL, PIM-1, ABL kinases were much more active and chaperones HSP90, HSP70 and GAPDH were highly expressed in SKMEL-103 cells in comparison with melanocytes. Our findings indicate, for the first time, that the efficacy of quercetin to kill melanoma cells depends on its ability in inhibiting tyrosine kinase and upregulating mitochondrial proteins, at least when SKMEL-103 and SKMEL-28 cells response were compared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin J P Rocha-Brito
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, Health Sciences Center, University Center of Maringá, Maringá, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Stefano Piatto Clerici
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | - Helon Guimarães Cordeiro
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | - Amanda Petrina Scotá Ferreira
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuella Maria Barreto Fonseca
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil.,Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of São Paulo. São Roque, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paola R Gonçalves
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil.,Department of Health Sciences, Centro Universitário Norte do Espírito Santo, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, São Mateus, Espírito Santo, Brazil
| | - Júlia Laura F Abrantes
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Milani
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
| | - Renato Ramos Massaro
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Silvya Stuchi Maria-Engler
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Toxicology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Carmen V Ferreira-Halder
- Department of Biochemistry and Tissue Biology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-862, SP, Brazil
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Matrix Metalloproteinases Inhibition by Doxycycline Rescues Extracellular Matrix Organization and Partly Reverts Myofibroblast Differentiation in Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome Dermal Fibroblasts: A Potential Therapeutic Target? Cells 2021; 10:cells10113236. [PMID: 34831458 PMCID: PMC8621259 DOI: 10.3390/cells10113236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypermobile Ehlers-Danlos syndrome (hEDS) is the most frequent type of EDS and is characterized by generalized joint hypermobility and musculoskeletal manifestations which are associated with chronic pain, and mild skin involvement along with the presence of more than a few comorbid conditions. Despite numerous research efforts, no causative gene(s) or validated biomarkers have been identified and insights into the disease-causing mechanisms remain scarce. Variability in the spectrum and severity of symptoms and progression of hEDS patients’ phenotype likely depend on a combination of age, gender, lifestyle, and the probable multitude of genes involved in hEDS. However, considering the clinical overlap with other EDS forms, which lead to abnormalities in extracellular matrix (ECM), it is plausible that the mechanisms underlying hEDS pathogenesis also affect the ECM to a certain extent. Herein, we performed a series of in vitro studies on the secretome of hEDS dermal fibroblasts that revealed a matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) dysfunction as one of the major disease drivers by causing a detrimental feedback loop of excessive ECM degradation coupled with myofibroblast differentiation. We demonstrated that doxycycline-mediated inhibition of MMPs rescues in hEDS cells a control-like ECM organization and induces a partial reversal of their myofibroblast-like features, thus offering encouraging clues for translational studies confirming MMPs as a potential therapeutic target in hEDS with the expectation to improve patients’ quality of life and alleviate their disabilities.
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Angeletti A, Migliorini P, Bruschi M, Pratesi F, Candiano G, Prunotto M, Verrina E, Ghiggeri GM. Anti-alpha enolase multi-antibody specificity in human diseases. Clinical significance and molecular mechanisms. Autoimmun Rev 2021; 20:102977. [PMID: 34718161 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2021.102977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-enolase (Eno) is an ubiquitary glycolytic enzyme playing multiple functions that go well beyond its principal metabolic role of energy supplier during glycolysis. Eno is localized in the cytoplasm, but also expressed on the cell membrane, where it binds plasminogen allowing its activation. Its shorter form, in the nucleus, acts as transcription factor. In inflammatory conditions, Eno undergoes post-translational modifications, such as citrullination, oxidation and phosphorylation. Eno is also an autoantigen in different disorders. In fact, autoantibodies to Eno have been detected in rheumatoid arthritis, lupus nephritis, primary glomerulonephritis, cancer, infections and other disorders, and in many cases they represent specific markers to be utilized in clinical practice. Anti-Eno antibodies in the different clinical conditions are not equal: they differ in isotype and often recognize different epitopes on the enzyme. IgG1 and IgG3 are prevalent in Rheumatoid Arthritis, IgG2 in Lupus nephritis and IgG4 in primary autoimmune glomerulopathy. This review analyzes the characteristics of anti-Eno autoantibodies in autoimmune disorders and cancer, describing their fine specificity and isotype restriction. The post-translational modifications that are target of autoantibodies are also discussed, as they represent the basis for elucidating the molecular mechanisms responsible for epitope generation. Despite an impressive amount of experimental work on anti-Eno antibodies, it is still necessary to validate the use of anti-Eno antibodies as biomarkers of selected diseases and extend the knowledge on the mechanisms of anti-Eno autoantibody production. Strategies that downmodulate the immune response to Eno may represent in the future novel approaches in the treatment of autoimmune disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeletti
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Italy
| | - Paola Migliorini
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
| | - Maurizio Bruschi
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Italy
| | - Federico Pratesi
- Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy
| | - Giovanni Candiano
- Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Italy
| | - Marco Prunotto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Enrico Verrina
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Ghiggeri
- Division of Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Genova, Italy; Laboratory of Molecular Nephrology, IRCCS Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Italy.
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34
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Li J, Dai L, Huang M, Ma Y, Guo Z, Wang X, Li W, Zhang JY. Immunoseroproteomic profiling in autoantibody to ENO1 as potential biomarker in immunodiagnosis of osteosarcoma by serological proteome analysis (SERPA) approach. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1966969. [PMID: 38260036 PMCID: PMC10802918 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1966969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common highly malignant primary solid bone tumor. Despite its relatively low incidence among cancers, it remains one of the most harmful primary malignant tumors in childhood and adolescence. It is now evident that serum autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) could be used as serological cancer biomarkers in types of cancers. Serological proteome analysis (SERPA) approach was applied to profile anti-TAA autoantibody response in sera from patients with OS and normal human, as well as explore difference between this response. This approach can detect autoantibodies that could serve as clinical biomarkers and immunotherapeutic agents. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blotting were further used to validate the level of identified TAAs. ENO1 as a 47kD TAA in OS was identified and characterized by SERPA. Analysis of 172 serum samples with OS, osteochondroma (OC), and normal human sera (NHS) by ELISA showed higher frequency of anti-ENO1 autoantibodies in OS sera compared to others. Interestingly, decrease of ENO1 immunoreactivity was observed in most patients after treatments, which may imply a potential association between anti-ENO1 autoantibody titers and disease progression. Nine of twelve sera reacted strongly against purified ENO1, but three reacted weakly against purified ENO1, which indicated 75.0% sera with positive optimal density values from ELISA were consistently positive in Western blotting. The expression of ENO1 in OS tissues was evaluated by immunohistochemistry in tumor microarray. ENO1 was one of the autoantibodies that elicit autoimmune responses in OS and can be used as biomarkers in immunodiagnosis and progression of OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jitian Li
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Liping Dai
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Manyu Huang
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Yan Ma
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Zhiping Guo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Wuyin Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Henan Luoyang Orthopedic Hospital (Henan Provincial Orthopedic Hospital)/Henan Institute of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Luoyang, Henan, China
| | - Jian-Ying Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences & NIH-sponsored Border Biomedical Research Center, The University of Texas at El Paso, El Paso, TX, USA
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Lokshin A, Mikhaleva LM, Goufman EI, Boltovskaya MN, Tikhonova NB, Stepanova II, Stepanov AA, Potoldykova NV, Vinarov AZ, Stemmer P, Iakovlev V. Proteolyzed Variant of IgG with Free C-Terminal Lysine as a Biomarker of Prostate Cancer. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10080817. [PMID: 34440049 PMCID: PMC8389667 DOI: 10.3390/biology10080817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary We have discovered that immunoglobulins digested with plasmin, one of the enzymes of blood clotting cascade acquire a capability to bind to one of the chains of plasminogen. We investigate here the mechanisms and localization of such binding. We also show that levels of this digested immunoglobulin molecule are higher in patients with prostate cancer. Therefore, this digested immunoglobulin could serve as a biomarker for the detection of patients with prostate cancer from patients with benign prostate hyperplasia. We observed that the diagnostic accuracy of blood levels of digested immunoglobulins is dramatically higher than that of PSA. Abstract The differential diagnosis of prostate cancer is problematic due to the lack of markers with high diagnostic accuracy. We previously demonstrated the increased binding of IgG to human plasminogen (PLG) in plasma of patients with prostate cancer (PC) compared to healthy controls. Heavy and light chains of PLG (PLG-H and PLG-L) were immobilized on 96-well plates and the binding of IgG to PLG-H and PLG-L was analyzed in serum from 30 prostate cancer (PC) patients, 30 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and 30 healthy controls using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results demonstrate that IgG from PC sera bind to PLG-H but not to PLG-L. This interaction occurred through the free IgG C-terminal lysine (Lys) that becomes exposed as a result of IgG conformational changes associated with proteolysis. Circulating levels of modified IgG with exposed C-terminal Lys (IgG-Lys) were significantly higher in PC patients than in healthy controls and in BPH. We used Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) analysis to calculate the sensitivity (SN) and specificity (SP) of circulating IgG-Lys for differentiating PC from BPH as 77% and 90%, respectively. The area under the curve (AUC) was 0.87. We demonstrated that the diagnostic accuracy of circulating levels of IgG-Lys is much higher than diagnostic accuracy of total PSA (tPSA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Lokshin
- Departments of Pathology, Medicine, and Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hillman Cancer Center, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
- Correspondence:
| | - Lyudmila M. Mikhaleva
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (E.I.G.); (M.N.B.); (N.B.T.); (I.I.S.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Eugene I. Goufman
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (E.I.G.); (M.N.B.); (N.B.T.); (I.I.S.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Marina N. Boltovskaya
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (E.I.G.); (M.N.B.); (N.B.T.); (I.I.S.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Natalia B. Tikhonova
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (E.I.G.); (M.N.B.); (N.B.T.); (I.I.S.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Irina I. Stepanova
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (E.I.G.); (M.N.B.); (N.B.T.); (I.I.S.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Alexandr A. Stepanov
- Research Institute of Human Morphology, 117418 Moscow, Russia; (L.M.M.); (E.I.G.); (M.N.B.); (N.B.T.); (I.I.S.); (A.A.S.)
| | - Natalia V. Potoldykova
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.P.); (A.Z.V.)
| | - Andrey Z. Vinarov
- Institute of Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, 119048 Moscow, Russia; (N.V.P.); (A.Z.V.)
| | - Paul Stemmer
- Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA;
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36
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Zeng T, Cao Y, Gu T, Chen L, Tian Y, Li G, Shen J, Tao Z, Lu L. Alpha-Enolase Protects Hepatocyte Against Heat Stress Through Focal Adhesion Kinase-Mediated Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt Pathway. Front Genet 2021; 12:693780. [PMID: 34349784 PMCID: PMC8326979 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.693780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating pieces of evidence showed that α-enolase (ENO1) is a multifunctional protein that plays a crucial role in a variety of pathophysiological processes. In our previous study, differential expression of ENO1 was observed in different heat-tolerance duck breeds. Here, we examined in vitro expression level of ENO1 in hepatocytes against heat stress. The mechanisms of ENO1 on cell glycolysis, growth, and its potential regulatory pathways were also analyzed. The results showed that ENO1 expression in messenger RNA and protein levels were both greatly increased in heat-treated cells compared with non-treated cells. ENO1-overexpressed cells significantly elevated cell viability and glycolysis levels. It was further shown that stably upregulated ENO1 activated focal adhesion kinase-phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt and its downstream signals. In addition, the interaction between ENO1 and 70-kDa heat shock protein was detected using co-immunoprecipitation. Our research suggests that ENO1 may interact with 70-kDa heat shock protein to protect hepatocyte against heat stress through focal adhesion kinase-mediated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yongqing Cao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Gu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Animal Genetics, Breeding and Molecular Design, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Li Chen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yong Tian
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Guoqin Li
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
| | - Junda Shen
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenrong Tao
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - Lizhi Lu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Information Traceability for Agricultural Products, Ministry of Agriculture of China, Hangzhou, China
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37
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Li HJ, Ke FY, Lin CC, Lu MY, Kuo YH, Wang YP, Liang KH, Lin SC, Chang YH, Chen HY, Yang PC, Wu HC. ENO1 Promotes Lung Cancer Metastasis via HGFR and WNT Signaling-Driven Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition. Cancer Res 2021; 81:4094-4109. [PMID: 34145039 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-20-3543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
ENO1 (α-enolase) expression is significantly correlated with reduced survival and poor prognosis in many cancer types, including lung cancer. However, the function of ENO1 in carcinogenesis remains elusive. In this study, we found that high expression of ENO1 is present in metastatic lung cancer cell lines and malignant tumors and is associated with poor overall survival of patients with lung cancer. Knockdown of ENO1 decreased cancer cell proliferation and invasiveness, whereas overexpression of ENO1 enhanced these processes. Moreover, ENO1 expression promoted tumor growth in orthotopic models and enhanced lung tumor metastasis in tail-vein injection models. These effects were mediated by upregulation of mesenchymal markers N-cadherin and vimentin and the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition regulator SLUG, along with concurrent downregulation of E-cadherin. Mechanistically, ENO1 interacted with hepatocyte growth factor receptor (HGFR) and activated HGFR and Wnt signaling via increased phosphorylation of HGFR and the Wnt coreceptor LRP5/6. Activation of these signaling axes decreased GSK3β activity via Src-PI3K-AKT signaling and inactivation of the β-catenin destruction complex to ultimately upregulate SLUG and β-catenin. In addition, we generated a chimeric anti-ENO1 mAb (chENO1-22) that can decrease cancer cell proliferation and invasion. chENO1-22 attenuated cancer cell invasion by inhibiting ENO1-mediated GSK3β inactivation to promote SLUG protein ubiquitination and degradation. Moreover, chENO1-22 prevented lung tumor metastasis and prolonged survival in animal models. Taken together, these findings illuminate the molecular mechanisms underlying the function of ENO1 in lung cancer metastasis and support the therapeutic potential of a novel antibody targeting ENO1 for treating lung cancer. SIGNIFICANCE: This study shows that ENO1 promotes lung cancer metastasis via HGFR and WNT signaling and introduces a novel anti-ENO1 antibody for potential therapeutic use in lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsin-Jung Li
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Yi Ke
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Ching Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Yi Lu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Huei Kuo
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ping Wang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Dentistry, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kang-Hao Liang
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biomedical Translation Research Center (BioTReC), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shin-Chang Lin
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Biomedical Translation Research Center (BioTReC), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Hsuan Chang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsuan-Yu Chen
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pan-Chyr Yang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Han-Chung Wu
- Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. .,Biomedical Translation Research Center (BioTReC), Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Cloning and Characterization of Immunological Properties of Haemophilus influenzae Enolase. J Immunol Res 2021; 2021:6629824. [PMID: 34222496 PMCID: PMC8225457 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6629824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus influenzae is a common organism of the human upper respiratory tract; this bacterium is responsible of a wide spectrum for respiratory infections and can generate invasive diseases such as meningitis and septicemia. These infections are associated with H. influenzae encapsulated serotype b. However, the incidence of invasive disease caused by nontypeable H. influenzae (NTHi) has increased in the post-H. influenzae serotype b (Hib) vaccine era. Currently, an effective vaccine against NTHi is not available; due to this, it is important to find an antigen capable to confer protection against NTHi infection. In this study, 10 linear B cell epitopes and 13 CTL epitopes and a putative plasminogen-binding motif (252FYNKENGMY260) and the presence of enolase on the surface of different strains of H. influenzae were identified in the enolase sequence of H. influenzae. Both in silico and experimental results showed that recombinant enolase from H. influenzae is immunogenic that could induce a humoral immune response; this was observed mediating the generation of specific polyclonal antibodies anti-rNTHiENO that recognize typeable and nontypeable H. influenzae strains. The immunogenic properties and the superficial localization of enolase in H. influenzae, important characteristics to be considered as a new candidate for the development of a vaccine, were demonstrated.
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39
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Lerner A, Sobolevskaia P, Churilov L, Shoenfeld Y. Alpha-enolase involvement in intestinal and extraintestinal manifestations of celiac disease. J Transl Autoimmun 2021; 4:100109. [PMID: 34189450 PMCID: PMC8219987 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtauto.2021.100109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Celiac disease is a life-long intestinal autoimmune disease, characterized by the gluten intolerance and chronic enteric inflammation. Traditionally presented by intestinal manifestations, however, a shift toward extra intestinal presentation is taking place. One of the affected organs is the nervous systems presented by neuropsychiatric manifestations, hence the mechanism and pathways are not clear. The presence of neuronal and alpha-enolases and their corresponding antibodies were noticed in the mucosa and serum of celiac disease patients, as well as in other various autoimmune diseases with psycho-neurological manifestations. The aims of the present review are to screen the literature on different isoforms of enolase, mainly alpha enolase, and their specific antibodies and to suggest their potential pathophysiological mechanisms relaying the enolases to intestinal or extraintestinal celiac disease manifestations. The shared aspects between the enolases and celiac disease and the cross-talks between alpha-enolase and tissue transglutaminase suggest new potential pathophysiological mechanisms that might drive celiac disease evolvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Lerner
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Zabludowicz Research Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | | | | | - Yehuda Shoenfeld
- Chaim Sheba Medical Center, The Zabludowicz Research Center for Autoimmune Diseases, Tel Hashomer, Israel.,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (Visiting Professor), Moscow, Russia.,Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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Khan A, Siddiqui S, Husain SA, Mazurek S, Iqbal MA. Phytocompounds Targeting Metabolic Reprogramming in Cancer: An Assessment of Role, Mechanisms, Pathways, and Therapeutic Relevance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:6897-6928. [PMID: 34133161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c01173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The metabolism of cancer is remarkably different from that of normal cells and confers a variety of benefits, including the promotion of other cancer hallmarks. As the rewired metabolism is a near-universal property of cancer cells, efforts are underway to exploit metabolic vulnerabilities for therapeutic benefits. In the continued search for safer and effective ways of cancer treatment, structurally diverse plant-based compounds have gained substantial attention. Here, we present an extensive assessment of the role of phytocompounds in modulating cancer metabolism and attempt to make a case for the use of plant-based compounds in targeting metabolic vulnerabilities of cancer. We discuss the pharmacological interactions of phytocompounds with major metabolic pathways and evaluate the role of phytocompounds in the regulation of growth signaling and transcriptional programs involved in the metabolic transformation of cancer. Lastly, we examine the potential of these compounds in the clinical management of cancer along with limitations and challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asifa Khan
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Shumaila Siddiqui
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Syed Akhtar Husain
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Sybille Mazurek
- Institute of Veterinary-Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Giessen, Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - Mohammad Askandar Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi 110025, India
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Saito Y, Mizokami A, Izumi K, Naito R, Goto M, Nakagawa-Goto K. α-Trifluoromethyl Chalcones as Potent Anticancer Agents for Androgen Receptor-Independent Prostate Cancer. Molecules 2021; 26:2812. [PMID: 34068627 PMCID: PMC8126091 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
α-Trifluoromethyl chalcones were prepared and evaluated for their antiproliferative activities against androgen-independent prostate cancer cell lines as well as five additional types of human tumor cell lines. The most potent chalcone 5 showed superior antitumor activity in vivo with both oral and intraperitoneal administration at 3 mg/kg. Cell-based mechanism of action studies demonstrated that 5 induced cell accumulation at sub-G1 and G2/M phases without interfering with microtubule polymerization. Furthermore, several cancer cell growth-related proteins were identified by using chalcone 5 as a bait for the affinity purification of binding proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Saito
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
| | - Atsushi Mizokami
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (K.I.); (R.N.)
| | - Kouji Izumi
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (K.I.); (R.N.)
| | - Renato Naito
- Department of Integrative Cancer Therapy and Urology, School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan; (K.I.); (R.N.)
| | - Masuo Goto
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
| | - Kyoko Nakagawa-Goto
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan;
- Chemical Biology and Medicinal Chemistry, Eshelman School of Pharmacy, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA;
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Plasmin and Plasminogen System in the Tumor Microenvironment: Implications for Cancer Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Therapy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13081838. [PMID: 33921488 PMCID: PMC8070608 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13081838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary In this review, we present a detailed discussion of how the plasminogen-activation system is utilized by tumor cells in their unrelenting attack on the tissues surrounding them. Plasmin is an enzyme which is responsible for digesting several proteins that hold the tissues surrounding solid tumors together. In this process tumor cells utilize the activity of plasmin to digest tissue barriers in order to leave the tumour site and spread to other parts of the body. We specifically focus on the role of plasminogen receptor—p11 which is an important regulatory protein that facilitates the conversion of plasminogen to plasmin and by this means promotes the attack by the tumour cells on their surrounding tissues. Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) is now being widely accepted as the key contributor to a range of processes involved in cancer progression from tumor growth to metastasis and chemoresistance. The extracellular matrix (ECM) and the proteases that mediate the remodeling of the ECM form an integral part of the TME. Plasmin is a broad-spectrum, highly potent, serine protease whose activation from its precursor plasminogen is tightly regulated by the activators (uPA, uPAR, and tPA), the inhibitors (PAI-1, PAI-2), and plasminogen receptors. Collectively, this system is called the plasminogen activation system. The expression of the components of the plasminogen activation system by malignant cells and the surrounding stromal cells modulates the TME resulting in sustained cancer progression signals. In this review, we provide a detailed discussion of the roles of plasminogen activation system in tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance with specific emphasis on their role in the TME. We particularly review the recent highlights of the plasminogen receptor S100A10 (p11), which is a pivotal component of the plasminogen activation system.
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Shu X, Cao KY, Liu HQ, Yu L, Sun LX, Yang ZH, Wu CA, Ran YL. Alpha-enolase (ENO1), identified as an antigen to monoclonal antibody 12C7, promotes the self-renewal and malignant phenotype of lung cancer stem cells by AMPK/mTOR pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2021; 12:119. [PMID: 33579362 PMCID: PMC7881626 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-021-02160-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tumor-associated antigens (TAAs) can be targeted in cancer therapy. We previously identified a monoclonal antibody (mAb) 12C7, which presented anti-tumor activity in lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs). Here, we aimed to identify the target antigen for 12C7 and confirm its role in LCSCs. METHODS Immunofluorescence was used for antigen localization. After targeted antigen purification by electrophoresis and immunoblot, the antigen was identified by LC-MALDI-TOF/TOF mass spectrometry, immunofluorescence, and immunoprecipitation. The overexpression or silence of ENO1 was induced by lentiviral transduction. Self-renewal, growth, and invasion of LCSCs were evaluated by sphere formation, colony formation, and invasion assay, respectively. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics analysis were performed to analyze downstream targets and pathways of targeted antigen. RESULTS Targeted antigen showed a surface antigen expression pattern, and the 43-55 kDa protein band was identified as α-enolase (ENO1). Self-renewal, growth, and invasion abilities of LCSCs were remarkably inhibited by ENO1 downregulation, while enhanced by ENO1 upregulation. RNA-seq and bioinformatics analysis eventually screened 4 self-renewal-related and 6 invasion-related differentially expressed genes. GSEA analysis and qRT-PCR verified that ENO1 regulated self-renewal, invasion-related genes, and pathways. KEGG pathway analysis and immunoblot demonstrated that ENO1 inactivated AMPK pathway and activated mTOR pathway in LCSCs. CONCLUSIONS ENO1 is identified as a targeted antigen of mAb 12C7 and plays a pivotal role in facilitating self-renewal, growth, and invasion of LCSCs. These findings provide a potent therapeutic target for the stem cell therapy for lung cancer and have potential to improve the anti-tumor activity of 12C7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Shu
- Laboratory of Molecular Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, No. 31 Xinjiekou E Road, Xicheng, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai-Yue Cao
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui-Qi Liu
- Department of Basic Medical Science, Medical School of Qinghai University, Xining, People's Republic of China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Subdistrict, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Li-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Subdistrict, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Subdistrict, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Ai Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing JiShuiTan Hospital, No. 31 Xinjiekou E Road, Xicheng, Beijing, 100035, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yu-Liang Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, No. 17 Panjiayuan Subdistrict, Chaoyang, Beijing, 100021, People's Republic of China.
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Almaguel FA, Sanchez TW, Ortiz-Hernandez GL, Casiano CA. Alpha-Enolase: Emerging Tumor-Associated Antigen, Cancer Biomarker, and Oncotherapeutic Target. Front Genet 2021; 11:614726. [PMID: 33584813 PMCID: PMC7876367 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.614726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpha-enolase, also known as enolase-1 (ENO1), is a glycolytic enzyme that “moonlights” as a plasminogen receptor in the cell surface, particularly in tumors, contributing to cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and metastasis. ENO1 also promotes other oncogenic events, including protein-protein interactions that regulate glycolysis, activation of signaling pathways, and resistance to chemotherapy. ENO1 overexpression has been established in a broad range of human cancers and is often associated with poor prognosis. This increased expression is usually accompanied by the generation of anti-ENO1 autoantibodies in some cancer patients, making this protein a tumor associated antigen. These autoantibodies are common in patients with cancer associated retinopathy, where they exert pathogenic effects, and may be triggered by immunodominant peptides within the ENO1 sequence or by posttranslational modifications. ENO1 overexpression in multiple cancer types, localization in the tumor cell surface, and demonstrated targetability make this protein a promising cancer biomarker and therapeutic target. This mini-review summarizes our current knowledge of ENO1 functions in cancer and its growing potential as a cancer biomarker and guide for the development of novel anti-tumor treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frankis A Almaguel
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Loma Linda University Cancer Center, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Tino W Sanchez
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Greisha L Ortiz-Hernandez
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States
| | - Carlos A Casiano
- Center for Health Disparities and Molecular Medicine, Department of Basic Sciences, Loma Linda University School of Medicine, Loma Linda, CA, United States.,Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA, United States
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Jiang K, Dong C, Yin Z, Li R, Mao J, Wang C, Zhang J, Gao Z, Liang R, Wang Q, Wang L. Exosome-derived ENO1 regulates integrin α6β4 expression and promotes hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:972. [PMID: 33184263 PMCID: PMC7661725 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03179-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Alpha-enolase (ENO1) has been found to be dysregulated in several human malignancies, including hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although the role of ENO1 as a glycolytic enzyme in HCC cells has been well characterized, little is known about the other roles of ENO1, especially exosome-derived ENO1, in regulating HCC progression. Here, we demonstrated that ENO1 is frequently upregulated in HCC cells or tissues, with even higher expression in highly metastatic HCC cells or metastatic tissues as well as in exosomes derived from highly metastatic sources. Moreover, ENO1 expression is associated with the tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stage, differentiation grade and poor prognosis in HCC patients. Surprisingly, ENO1 can be transferred between HCC cells via exosome-mediated crosstalk, exhibiting an effect similar to that of ENO1 overexpression in HCC cells, which promoted the growth and metastasis of HCC cells with low ENO1 expression by upregulating integrin α6β4 expression and activating the FAK/Src-p38MAPK pathway. In summary, our data suggest that exosome-derived ENO1 is essential to promoting HCC growth, metastasis, and further patient deterioration. The findings from this study implicate a novel biomarker for the clinical evaluation of HCC progression, especially the prediction of HCC metastatic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keqiu Jiang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Chengyong Dong
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Zeli Yin
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Rui Li
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Jiakai Mao
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Chengye Wang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Junlin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Zhenming Gao
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Rui Liang
- Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.
| | - Liming Wang
- Engineering Research Center for New Materials and Precision Treatment Technology of Malignant Tumors Therapy, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China. .,Engineering Technology Research Center for Translational Medicine, Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China. .,Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, NO. 467 Zhongshan Road, Dalian, Liaoning, 116027, China.
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Yang T, Shu X, Zhang HW, Sun LX, Yu L, Liu J, Sun LC, Yang ZH, Ran YL. Enolase 1 regulates stem cell-like properties in gastric cancer cells by stimulating glycolysis. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:870. [PMID: 33067426 PMCID: PMC7567818 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-03087-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have demonstrated that gastric cancer stem cells (CSCs) are a rare sub-group of gastric cancer (GC) cells and have an important role in promoting the tumor growth and progression of GC. In the present study, we demonstrated that the glycolytic enzyme Enolase 1 (ENO1) was involved in the regulation of the stem cell-like characteristics of GC cells, as compared to the parental cell lines PAMC-82 and SNU16, the expression of ENO1 in spheroids markedly increased. We then observed that ENO1 could enhance stem cell-like characteristics, including self-renewal capacity, cell invasion and migration, chemoresistance, and even the tumorigenicity of GC cells. ENO1 is known as an enzyme that is involved in glycolysis, but our results showed that ENO1 could markedly promote the glycolytic activity of cells. Furthermore, inhibiting glycolysis activity using 2-deoxy-D-glucose treatment significantly reduced the stemness of GC cells. Therefore, ENO1 could improve the stemness of CSCs by enhancing the cells' glycolysis. Subsequently, to further confirm our results, we found that the inhibition of ENO1 using AP-III-a4 (ENOblock) could reduce the stemness of GC cells to a similar extent as the knockdown of ENO1 by shRNA. Finally, increased expression of ENO1 was related to poor prognosis in GC patients. Taken together, our results demonstrated that ENO1 is a significant biomarker associated with the stemness of GC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Xiong Shu
- Laboratory of Molecular orthopaedics, Beijing Research Institute of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Beijing Ji Shui Tan Hospital, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Hui-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Li-Xin Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Long Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Jun Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Li-Chao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Zhi-Hua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China
| | - Yu-Liang Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
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Czogalla B, Partenheimer A, Badmann S, Schmoeckel E, Mayr D, Kolben T, Beyer S, Hester A, Burges A, Mahner S, Jeschke U, Trillsch F. Nuclear Enolase-1/ MBP-1 expression and its association with the Wnt signaling in epithelial ovarian cancer. Transl Oncol 2020; 14:100910. [PMID: 33069100 PMCID: PMC7569221 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2020.100910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enolase-1, primarily known for its role in glucose metabolism, is overexpressed in various cancer entities. In contrast its alternative spliced nuclear isoform MBP-1 acts as a tumor suppressor. The aim of this study is to analyze the prognostic impact of Enolase-1/ MBP-1 and its functional significance in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). METHODS By immunohistochemistry, Enolase-1 staining was examined in 156 EOC samples. Evaluation of Enolase-1 staining was conducted in the nucleus and the cytoplasm using the semi-quantitative immunoreactive score. Expression levels were correlated with clinical and pathological parameters as well as with overall survival to assess for prognostic impact. RESULTS Cytoplasmic and nuclear Enolase-1 expression did not show a significant difference between the histological subtypes (p = 0.1). High nuclear Enolase-1/ MBP-1 staining negativly correlated with the tumor grading (p<0.001; Cc= -0.318). Cytoplasmic Enolase-1 did not correlate with clinicopathological data. Higher nuclear Enolase-1/ MBP-1 staining was detected in low-grade serous cancer cases compared to high-grade ones (median IRS 3 (range 0-8) vs. median IRS 2 (range 0-4), p<0.001). Nuclear Enolase-1/ MBP-1 expression correlated with the Wnt signaling markers membranous beta-catenin (p = 0.007; Cc=0.235), serine residue 9-phosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (p<0.001; Cc=0.341) and snail/slug (p = 0.004; Cc= -0.257). High nuclear Enolase-1/ MBP-1 expression was associated with improved overall survival (88.6 vs. 33.1 months, median; p = 0.013). CONCLUSION Additional knowledge of Enolase-1/ MBP-1 as a biomarker and its interactions within the Wnt signaling pathway and epithelial-mesenchymal transition potentially improve the prognosis of therapeutic approaches in EOC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bastian Czogalla
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
| | - Alexandra Partenheimer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susann Badmann
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Elisa Schmoeckel
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Doris Mayr
- Institute of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, LMU Munich, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Kolben
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Beyer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Anna Hester
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Alexander Burges
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sven Mahner
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Udo Jeschke
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Augsburg, Augsburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Trillsch
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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48
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Althurwi SI, Yu JQ, Beale P, Huq F. Sequenced Combinations of Cisplatin and Selected Phytochemicals towards Overcoming Drug Resistance in Ovarian Tumour Models. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21207500. [PMID: 33053689 PMCID: PMC7589098 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21207500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 09/27/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, cisplatin, artemisinin, and oleanolic acid were evaluated alone, and in combination, on human ovarian A2780, A2780ZD0473R, and A2780cisR cancer cell lines, with the aim of overcoming cisplatin resistance and side effects. Cytotoxicity was assessed by MTT reduction assay. Combination index (CI) values were used as a measure of combined drug effect. MALDI TOF/TOF MS/MS and 2-DE gel electrophoresis were used to identify protein biomarkers in ovarian cancer and to evaluate combination effects. Synergism from combinations was dependent on concentration and sequence of administration. Generally, bolus was most synergistic. Moreover, 49 proteins differently expressed by 2 ≥ fold were: CYPA, EIF5A1, Op18, p18, LDHB, P4HB, HSP7C, GRP94, ERp57, mortalin, IMMT, CLIC1, NM23, PSA3,1433Z, and HSP90B were down-regulated, whereas hnRNPA1, hnRNPA2/B1, EF2, GOT1, EF1A1, VIME, BIP, ATP5H, APG2, VINC, KPYM, RAN, PSA7, TPI, PGK1, ACTG and VDAC1 were up-regulated, while TCPA, TCPH, TCPB, PRDX6, EF1G, ATPA, ENOA, PRDX1, MCM7, GBLP, PSAT, Hop, EFTU, PGAM1, SERA and CAH2 were not-expressed in A2780cisR cells. The proteins were found to play critical roles in cell cycle regulation, metabolism, and biosynthetic processes and drug resistance and detoxification. Results indicate that appropriately sequenced combinations of cisplatin with artemisinin (ART) and oleanolic acid (OA) may provide a means to reduce side effects and circumvent platinum resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safiah Ibrahim Althurwi
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia; (S.I.A.); (J.Q.Y.)
| | - Jun Q. Yu
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia; (S.I.A.); (J.Q.Y.)
| | - Philip Beale
- Department of Medical Oncology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Concord NSW 2137, Australia;
| | - Fazlul Huq
- Eman Research Ltd., Canberra ACT 2609, Australia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +61-411235462
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Multifunctional neuron-specific enolase: its role in lung diseases. Biosci Rep 2020; 39:220911. [PMID: 31642468 PMCID: PMC6859115 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20192732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2019] [Revised: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuron-specific enolase (NSE), also known as gamma (γ) enolase or enolase-2 (Eno2), is a form of glycolytic enolase isozyme and is considered a multifunctional protein. NSE is mainly expressed in the cytoplasm of neurons and neuroendocrine cells, especially in those of the amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation (APUD) lineage such as pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, intestine and lung. In addition to its well-established glycolysis function in the cytoplasm, changes in cell localization and differential expression of NSE are also associated with several pathologies such as infection, inflammation, autoimmune diseases and cancer. This article mainly discusses the role and diagnostic potential of NSE in some lung diseases.
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Novel ginsenoside derivative 20(S)-Rh2E2 suppresses tumor growth and metastasis in vivo and in vitro via intervention of cancer cell energy metabolism. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:621. [PMID: 32796841 PMCID: PMC7427995 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-02881-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 08/04/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Increased energy metabolism is responsible for supporting the abnormally upregulated proliferation and biosynthesis of cancer cells. The key cellular energy sensor AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and the glycolytic enzyme alpha-enolase (α-enolase) have been identified as the targets for active components of ginseng. Accordingly, ginseng or ginsenosides have been demonstrated with their potential values for the treatment and/or prevention of cancer via the regulation of energy balance. Notably, our previous study demonstrated that the R-form derivative of 20(R)-Rh2, 20(R)-Rh2E2 exhibits specific and potent anti-tumor effect via suppression of cancer energy metabolism. However, the uncertain pharmacological effect of S-form derivative, 20(S)-Rh2E2, the by-product during the synthesis of 20(R)-Rh2E2 from parental compound 20(R/S)-Rh2 (with both R- and S-form), retarded the industrialized production, research and development of this novel effective candidate drug. In this study, 20(S)-Rh2E2 was structurally modified from pure 20(S)-Rh2, and this novel compound was directly compared with 20(R)-Rh2E2 for their in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy. Results showed that 20(S)-Rh2E2 effectively inhibited tumor growth and metastasis in a lung xenograft mouse model. Most importantly, animal administrated with 20(S)-Rh2E2 up to 320 mg/kg/day survived with no significant body weight lost or observable toxicity upon 7-day treatment. In addition, we revealed that 20(S)-Rh2E2 specifically suppressed cancer cell energy metabolism via the downregulation of metabolic enzyme α-enolase, leading to the reduction of lactate, acetyl-coenzyme (acetyl CoA) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production in Lewis lung cancer cells (LLC-1), but not normal cells. These findings are consistent to the results obtained from previous studies using a similar isomer 20(R)-Rh2E2. Collectively, current results suggested that 20(R/S)-Rh2E2 isomers could be the new and safe anti-metabolic agents by acting as the tumor metabolic suppressors, which could be generated from 20(R/S)-Rh2 in industrialized scale with low cost.
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