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Nazari V, Lukhtanov VA, Naderi A, Fric ZF, Dincă V, Vila R. More hidden diversity in a cryptic species complex: a new subspecies of Leptideasinapis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) from Northern Iran. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2023; 17:113-128. [PMID: 37304150 PMCID: PMC10252139 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.17.102830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A new subspecies of Leptideasinapis from Northern Iran, discovered by means of DNA barcoding, is described as Leptideasinapistabarestanassp. nov. The new subspecies is allopatric with respect to other populations of L.sinapis and is genetically distinct, appearing as a well-supported sister clade to all other populations in COI-based phylogenetic reconstructions. Details on karyotype, genitalia, ecology and behaviour for the new subspecies are given and a biogeographical speciation scenario is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vazrick Nazari
- Department of Biology, University of Padova, Padova, ItalyUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Vladimir A. Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Science, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034 St. Petersburg, RussiaZoological Institute of Russian Academy of ScienceSt. PetersburgRussia
| | - Alireza Naderi
- National Natural History Museum & Genetic Resources, Tehran, IranNational Natural History Museum & Genetic ResourcesTehranIran
| | - Zdenek Faltýnek Fric
- Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech RepublicInstitute of Entomology, Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of SciencesČeské BudějoviceCzech Republic
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, FinlandUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest (ICUB), University of Bucharest, Bucharest, RomaniaUniversity of BucharestBucharestRomania
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC – Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, SpainUniversitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
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2
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Parmentier L, Vila R, Lukhtanov V. Integrative analysis reveals cryptic speciation linked to habitat differentiation within Albanian populations of the anomalous blues (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae, Polyommatus Latreille, 1804). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2022; 16:211-242. [PMID: 36760486 PMCID: PMC9836409 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v16.i4.90558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The Balkan Peninsula is one of the greatest hotspots for biodiversity in Europe. While the region has been investigated thoroughly, some parts remain understudied and may still harbour undiscovered diversity, even in well-studied organisms such as Lepidoptera. Here we investigated the group of the so-called anomalous blue butterflies, also known as 'brown complex' of the subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner, 1822 including the taxa of the entire Polyommatusaroaniensis (Brown, 1976) species complex. This species complex is distributed in the southern part of the Balkan Peninsula and known to be represented by three closely related allopatric species, differentiated by their chromosome numbers (n) and mitochondrial (mt) DNA. These are P.aroaniensis sensu stricto (Southern Greece, Peloponnese, n=47-48; mt haplogroup aroa1), P.timfristos Lukhtanov, Vishnevskaya et Shapoval, 2016 (Central Greece, Attika, n=38, aroa2) and P.orphicus Kolev, 2005 (North-Eastern Greece, Southern Bulgaria, n=41-42, orph1). Based on an analysis of chromosomal, molecular and morphological markers, we demonstrate that a fourth taxon of this species complex exists in Albania. This taxon possesses the mt haplogroup aroa3, which is the most differentiated within the entire P.aroaniensis species complex, and the karyotype (n=42-43), which differs by one fixed chromosome fission from P.orphicus. The Albanian taxon seems to be ecologically specialised (habitat on dark-coloured, ophiolitic substrate soils) and differs in colouration (wing reflectance) from the others taxa of the P.aroaniensis species group. Based on the evidence here presented and following the current view of the taxonomy of the group, we propose considering the Albanian taxon as a new species, here described as Polyommatuslurae sp. nov. At the contact zone between the new species and P.orphicus, in addition to typical ones, we detected specimens with haplogroup orph2, karyotype n=43 and intermediate morphology, which seem to represent P.lurae × P.orphicus hybrids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurian Parmentier
- Department of Plants & Crops, Lab Agrozoology, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000, Ghent, BelgiumGhent UniversityGhentBelgium
- Flemish Entomological Society, Workgroup Butterflies, Moerbeekstraat 29, 9870, Zulte, BelgiumFlemish Entomological Society, Workgroup ButterfliesZulteBelgium
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona, SpainCSIC-Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
| | - Vladimir Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034 Saint Petersburg, RussiaZoological Institute of Russian Academy of SciencesSaint PetersburgRussia
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3
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Zhu Q, Wang H, Zhou Z, Shi F. Phylogeny and Integrative Taxonomy of the Genera Gymnaetoides and Pseudotachycines (Orthoptera: Rhaphidophoridae). INSECTS 2022; 13:insects13070628. [PMID: 35886804 PMCID: PMC9322046 DOI: 10.3390/insects13070628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The genera Gymnaetoides and Pseudotachycines are endemic to China and are morphologically homogeneous. The few available diagnostic characters make species identification particularly challenging. Species cannot be classified according to the given generic diagnosis, and phylogenetic analyses have not been reported. Here, we reconstruct the phylogeny using Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood and employ four approaches to delimit species. The results suggest that both Gymnaetoides and Pseudotachycines are paraphyletic. Therefore, we revise their taxonomy based on the combination of morphological characters and molecular data. A new genus Homotachycines Zhu & Shi gen. nov. is erected, and six new combinations are proposed. Species delimitation identifies 15 new species and one new subspecies: Gymnaetoides huangshanensis, G. petalus, G. yangmingensis, G. lushanensis, Pseudotachycines procerus, P. procerus guizhouensis, P. zhengi, P. nephrus, P. sagittus, P. fengyangshanensis, Homotachycines triangulus, H. quadratus, H. baokangensis, H. fusus, H. concavus, and H. qinlingensis sp. nov. Moreover, we find that the shapes of the dorsal lateral lobes and the dorsal median lobe of the male genitalia are also important characters for identifying these genera and that the shapes of the dorsal and lateral sclerites of the male genitalia are suitable for the classifications of species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qidi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;
- Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Haijian Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China;
| | - Zhijun Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;
- Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (F.S.)
| | - Fuming Shi
- Key Laboratory of Zoological Systematics and Application of Hebei Province, College of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China;
- Institute of Life Sciences and Green Development, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
- Correspondence: (Z.Z.); (F.S.)
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Mitchell C, Leigh S, Alphey L, Haerty W, Chapman T. Reproductive interference and Satyrisation: mechanisms, outcomes and potential use for insect control. JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE 2022; 95:1023-1036. [PMID: 35535033 PMCID: PMC9068665 DOI: 10.1007/s10340-022-01476-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Reproductive Interference occurs when interactions between individuals from different species disrupt reproductive processes, resulting in a fitness cost to one or both parties involved. It is typically observed between individuals of closely related species, often upon secondary contact. In both vertebrates and invertebrates, Reproductive Interference is frequently referred to as 'Satyrisation'. It can manifest in various ways, ranging from blocking or reducing the efficacy of mating signals, through to negative effects of heterospecific copulations and the production of sterile or infertile hybrid offspring. The negative fitness effects of Satyrisation in reciprocal matings between species are often asymmetric and it is this aspect, which is most relevant to, and can offer utility in, pest management. In this review, we focus on Satyrisation and outline the mechanisms through which it can operate. We illustrate this by using test cases, and we consider the underlying reasons why the reproductive interactions that comprise Satyrisation occur. We synthesise the key factors affecting the expression of Satyrisation and explore how they have potential utility in developing new routes for the management and control of harmful insects. We consider how Satyrisation might interact with other control mechanisms, and conclude by outlining a framework for its use in control, highlighting some of the important next steps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Mitchell
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Stewart Leigh
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
| | - Luke Alphey
- The Pirbright Institute, Ash Rd, Pirbright, Woking, GU24 0NF UK
| | - Wilfried Haerty
- Evolutionary Genomics, Earlham Institute, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7UG UK
| | - Tracey Chapman
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, NR4 7TJ UK
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5
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Ehlers S, Schulz S. The scent chemistry of butterflies. Nat Prod Rep 2022; 40:794-818. [PMID: 36420976 DOI: 10.1039/d2np00067a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Butterflies use structurally highly diverse volatile compounds for communication, in addition to visual signals. These compounds originate from plants or a formed de novo especially by male butterflies that possess specific scent organs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Ehlers
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Stefan Schulz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Tahami MS, Dincă V, Lee KM, Vila R, Joshi M, Heikkilä M, Dapporto L, Schmid S, Huemer P, Mutanen M. Genomics Reveal Admixture and Unexpected Patterns of Diversity in a Parapatric Pair of Butterflies. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:genes12122009. [PMID: 34946956 PMCID: PMC8700966 DOI: 10.3390/genes12122009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We studied the evolutionary relationship of two widely distributed parapatric butterfly species, Melitaea athalia and Melitaea celadussa, using the ddRAD sequencing approach, as well as genital morphology and mtDNA data. M. athalia was retrieved as paraphyletic with respect to M. celadussa. Several cases of mito-nuclear discordance and morpho-genetic mismatch were found in the contact zone. A strongly diverged and marginally sympatric clade of M. athalia from the Balkans was revealed. An in-depth analysis of genomic structure detected high levels of admixture between M. athalia and M. celadussa at the contact zone, though not reaching the Balkan clade. The demographic modelling of populations supported the intermediate genetic make-up of European M. athalia populations with regards to M. celadussa and the Balkan clade. However, the dissimilarity matrix of genotype data (PCoA) suggested the Balkan lineage having a genetic component that is unrelated to the athalia-celadussa group. Although narrowly sympatric, almost no signs of gene flow were found between the main M. athalia group and the Balkan clade. We propose two possible scenarios on the historical evolution of our model taxa and the role of the last glacial maximum in shaping their current distribution. Finally, we discuss the complexities regarding the taxonomic delimitation of parapatric taxa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohadeseh Sadat Tahami
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (V.D.); (K.M.L.); (M.J.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (V.D.); (K.M.L.); (M.J.); (M.M.)
| | - Kyung Min Lee
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (V.D.); (K.M.L.); (M.J.); (M.M.)
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC—Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta, 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain;
| | - Mukta Joshi
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (V.D.); (K.M.L.); (M.J.); (M.M.)
| | - Maria Heikkilä
- Zoology Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 17, 00014 Helsinki, Finland;
| | - Leonardo Dapporto
- Numerical and Experimental Zoology Laboratory (ZEN Lab), Dipartimento di Biologia, Dell’ Università di Firenze, Via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
| | - Sarah Schmid
- Departement de Biologie Computationnelle, Faculte de Biologie et Medecine, Universite de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland;
| | - Peter Huemer
- Tiroler Landesmuseen Betriebsges.m.b.H., Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen, Krajnc-Str. 1, A-6060 Hall, Austria;
| | - Marko Mutanen
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, P.O. Box 3000, 90014 Oulu, Finland; (V.D.); (K.M.L.); (M.J.); (M.M.)
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7
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Boman J, Mugal CF, Backström N. The Effects of GC-Biased Gene Conversion on Patterns of Genetic Diversity among and across Butterfly Genomes. Genome Biol Evol 2021; 13:evab064. [PMID: 33760095 PMCID: PMC8175052 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evab064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombination reshuffles the alleles of a population through crossover and gene conversion. These mechanisms have considerable consequences on the evolution and maintenance of genetic diversity. Crossover, for example, can increase genetic diversity by breaking the linkage between selected and nearby neutral variants. Bias in favor of G or C alleles during gene conversion may instead promote the fixation of one allele over the other, thus decreasing diversity. Mutation bias from G or C to A and T opposes GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC). Less recognized is that these two processes may-when balanced-promote genetic diversity. Here, we investigate how gBGC and mutation bias shape genetic diversity patterns in wood white butterflies (Leptidea sp.). This constitutes the first in-depth investigation of gBGC in butterflies. Using 60 resequenced genomes from six populations of three species, we find substantial variation in the strength of gBGC across lineages. When modeling the balance of gBGC and mutation bias and comparing analytical results with empirical data, we reject gBGC as the main determinant of genetic diversity in these butterfly species. As alternatives, we consider linked selection and GC content. We find evidence that high values of both reduce diversity. We also show that the joint effects of gBGC and mutation bias can give rise to a diversity pattern which resembles the signature of linked selection. Consequently, gBGC should be considered when interpreting the effects of linked selection on levels of genetic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Boman
- Evolutionary Biology Program, Department of Ecology and Genetics (IEG), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Carina F Mugal
- Evolutionary Biology Program, Department of Ecology and Genetics (IEG), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Niclas Backström
- Evolutionary Biology Program, Department of Ecology and Genetics (IEG), Uppsala University, Sweden
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8
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D'Ercole J, Dincă V, Opler PA, Kondla N, Schmidt C, Phillips JD, Robbins R, Burns JM, Miller SE, Grishin N, Zakharov EV, DeWaard JR, Ratnasingham S, Hebert PDN. A DNA barcode library for the butterflies of North America. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11157. [PMID: 33976967 PMCID: PMC8061581 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the butterflies of North America have received considerable taxonomic attention, overlooked species and instances of hybridization continue to be revealed. The present study assembles a DNA barcode reference library for this fauna to identify groups whose patterns of sequence variation suggest the need for further taxonomic study. Based on 14,626 records from 814 species, DNA barcodes were obtained for 96% of the fauna. The maximum intraspecific distance averaged 1/4 the minimum distance to the nearest neighbor, producing a barcode gap in 76% of the species. Most species (80%) were monophyletic, the others were para- or polyphyletic. Although 15% of currently recognized species shared barcodes, the incidence of such taxa was far higher in regions exposed to Pleistocene glaciations than in those that were ice-free. Nearly 10% of species displayed high intraspecific variation (>2.5%), suggesting the need for further investigation to assess potential cryptic diversity. Aside from aiding the identification of all life stages of North American butterflies, the reference library has provided new perspectives on the incidence of both cryptic and potentially over-split species, setting the stage for future studies that can further explore the evolutionary dynamics of this group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo D'Ercole
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Paul A Opler
- Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States of America
| | | | - Christian Schmidt
- Canadian National Collection of Insects, Arachnids and Nematodes, Agriculture and Agri-Food, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jarrett D Phillips
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.,School of Computer Science, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Robert Robbins
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - John M Burns
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Scott E Miller
- Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, United States of America
| | - Nick Grishin
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, United States of America.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, United States of America
| | - Evgeny V Zakharov
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jeremy R DeWaard
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Paul D N Hebert
- Department of Integrative Biology, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.,Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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9
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Dincă V, Dapporto L, Somervuo P, Vodă R, Cuvelier S, Gascoigne-Pees M, Huemer P, Mutanen M, Hebert PDN, Vila R. High resolution DNA barcode library for European butterflies reveals continental patterns of mitochondrial genetic diversity. Commun Biol 2021; 4:315. [PMID: 33750912 PMCID: PMC7943782 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-021-01834-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of global biodiversity will greatly benefit from access to comprehensive DNA barcode libraries at continental scale, but such datasets are still very rare. Here, we assemble the first high-resolution reference library for European butterflies that provides 97% taxon coverage (459 species) and 22,306 COI sequences. We estimate that we captured 62% of the total haplotype diversity and show that most species possess a few very common haplotypes and many rare ones. Specimens in the dataset have an average 95.3% probability of being correctly identified. Mitochondrial diversity displayed elevated haplotype richness in southern European refugia, establishing the generality of this key biogeographic pattern for an entire taxonomic group. Fifteen percent of the species are involved in barcode sharing, but two thirds of these cases may reflect the need for further taxonomic research. This dataset provides a unique resource for conservation and for studying evolutionary processes, cryptic species, phylogeography, and ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, PO Box 3000, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland.
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), 03008, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Leonardo Dapporto
- ZEN lab, Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Florence, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Panu Somervuo
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Programme, University of Helsinki, FI-00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Sylvain Cuvelier
- VVE Workgroup Butterflies, Diamantstraat 4, 8900, Ieper, Belgium
| | | | - Peter Huemer
- Naturwissenschaftliche Sammlungen, Sammlungs- und Forschungszentrum, Tiroler Landesmuseen, 6060, Hall in Tirol, Austria
| | - Marko Mutanen
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, PO Box 3000, University of Oulu, 90014, Oulu, Finland
| | - Paul D N Hebert
- Centre for Biodiversity Genomics, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), 03008, Barcelona, Spain
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10
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Lopez-Vaamonde C, Kirichenko N, Cama A, Doorenweerd C, Godfray HCJ, Guiguet A, Gomboc S, Huemer P, Landry JF, Laštůvka A, Laštůvka Z, Lee KM, Lees DC, Mutanen M, van Nieukerken EJ, Segerer AH, Triberti P, Wieser C, Rougerie R. Evaluating DNA Barcoding for Species Identification and Discovery in European Gracillariid Moths. Front Ecol Evol 2021. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.626752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Gracillariidae is the most species-rich leaf-mining moth family with over 2,000 described species worldwide. In Europe, there are 263 valid named species recognized, many of which are difficult to identify using morphology only. Here we explore the use of DNA barcodes as a tool for identification and species discovery in European gracillariids. We present a barcode library including 6,791 COI sequences representing 242 of the 263 (92%) resident species. Our results indicate high congruence between morphology and barcodes with 91.3% (221/242) of European species forming monophyletic clades that can be identified accurately using barcodes alone. The remaining 8.7% represent cases of non-monophyly making their identification uncertain using barcodes. Species discrimination based on the Barcode Index Number system (BIN) was successful for 93% of species with 7% of species sharing BINs. We discovered as many as 21 undescribed candidate species, of which six were confirmed from an integrative approach; the other 15 require additional material and study to confirm preliminary evidence. Most of these new candidate species are found in mountainous regions of Mediterranean countries, the South-Eastern Alps and the Balkans, with nine candidate species found only on islands. In addition, 13 species were classified as deep conspecific lineages, comprising a total of 27 BINs with no intraspecific morphological differences found, and no known ecological differentiation. Double-digest restriction-site associated DNA sequencing (ddRAD) analysis showed strong mitonuclear discrepancy in four out of five species studied. This discordance is not explained by Wolbachia-mediated genetic sweeps. Finally, 26 species were classified as “unassessed species splits” containing 71 BINs and some involving geographical isolation or ecological specialization that will require further study to test whether they represent new cryptic species.
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11
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Hinojosa JC, Dapporto L, Brockmann E, Dincă V, Tikhonov V, Grishin N, Lukhtanov VA, Vila R. Overlooked cryptic diversity in Muschampia (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) adds two species to the European butterfly fauna. Zool J Linn Soc 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlaa171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Cryptic species represent a challenge for documenting global biodiversity. Even in well-studied groups, such as European butterflies, the application of integrative approaches has allowed the recognition of an unexpected number of cryptic taxa. Here, we combine the analysis of mitochondrial (cytochrome c oxidase I, COI) and nuclear (internal transcribed spacer 2, ITS2) markers with geometric morphometrics of the male genitalia to study diversity within the butterfly Muschampia proto. The nuclear marker reveals three well-supported and deeply diverged lineages, which are also detected based on mitochondrial DNA, although the latter recovers one of them as paraphyletic with poor support. These lineages also present distinct male genital characters, which allow blind assignment of > 97% of specimens when applying a jackknife procedure. We conclude that M. proto comprises three cryptic species that started to differentiate ~2 Mya: M. proto, distributed in northern Africa, the Iberian Peninsula and southern France; Muschampia alta comb. & stat. nov., occurring in southern Italy and the Balkan Peninsula; and Muschampia proteides, present in the easternmost part of Europe, the Near East and Iran. This discovery adds two new species to the European butterfly fauna and highlights the necessity to continue investigating potential cryptic diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joan C Hinojosa
- Institut de Biologia Evolutive (CSIC-UPF), Passeig de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Leonardo Dapporto
- ZEN lab, Dipartimento di Biologia, University of Florence, via Madonna del Piano 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | | | - Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Valentin Tikhonov
- North Caucasus Federal University, Ulitsa Pushkina 1, Stavropol, Russia
| | - Nick Grishin
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, 4000 Jones Bridge Road, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, USA
- Department of Biophysics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Vladimir A Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya Naberezhnaya 1, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutive (CSIC-UPF), Passeig de la Barceloneta 37-49, Barcelona, Spain
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12
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Lukhtanov VA, Dincă V, Friberg M, Vila R, Wiklund C. Incomplete Sterility of Chromosomal Hybrids: Implications for Karyotype Evolution and Homoploid Hybrid Speciation. Front Genet 2020; 11:583827. [PMID: 33193715 PMCID: PMC7594530 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2020.583827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterozygotes for major chromosomal rearrangements such as fusions and fissions are expected to display a high level of sterility due to problems during meiosis. However, some species, especially plants and animals with holocentric chromosomes, are known to tolerate chromosomal heterozygosity even for multiple rearrangements. Here, we studied male meiotic chromosome behavior in four hybrid generations (F1–F4) between two chromosomal races of the Wood White butterfly Leptidea sinapis differentiated by at least 24 chromosomal fusions/fissions. Previous work showed that these hybrids were fertile, although their fertility was reduced as compared to crosses within chromosomal races. We demonstrate that (i) F1 hybrids are highly heterozygous with nearly all chromosomes participating in the formation of trivalents at the first meiotic division, and (ii) that from F1 to F4 the number of trivalents decreases and the number of bivalents increases. We argue that the observed process of chromosome sorting would, if continued, result in a new homozygous chromosomal race, i.e., in a new karyotype with intermediate chromosome number and, possibly, in a new incipient homoploid hybrid species. We also discuss the segregational model of karyotype evolution and the chromosomal model of homoploid hybrid speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Saint Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magne Friberg
- Biodiversity Unit, Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
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13
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Yoshido A, Šíchová J, Pospíšilová K, Nguyen P, Voleníková A, Šafář J, Provazník J, Vila R, Marec F. Evolution of multiple sex-chromosomes associated with dynamic genome reshuffling in Leptidea wood-white butterflies. Heredity (Edinb) 2020; 125:138-154. [PMID: 32518391 PMCID: PMC7426936 DOI: 10.1038/s41437-020-0325-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sex-chromosome systems tend to be highly conserved and knowledge about their evolution typically comes from macroevolutionary inference. Rapidly evolving complex sex-chromosome systems represent a rare opportunity to study the mechanisms of sex-chromosome evolution at unprecedented resolution. Three cryptic species of wood-white butterflies—Leptidea juvernica, L. sinapis and L. reali—have each a unique set of multiple sex-chromosomes with 3–4 W and 3–4 Z chromosomes. Using a transcriptome-based microarray for comparative genomic hybridisation (CGH) and a library of bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones, both developed in L. juvernica, we identified Z-linked Leptidea orthologs of Bombyx mori genes and mapped them by fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH) with BAC probes on multiple Z chromosomes. In all three species, we determined synteny blocks of autosomal origin and reconstructed the evolution of multiple sex-chromosomes. In addition, we identified W homologues of Z-linked orthologs and characterised their molecular differentiation. Our results suggest that the multiple sex-chromosome system evolved in a common ancestor as a result of dynamic genome reshuffling through repeated rearrangements between the sex chromosomes and autosomes, including translocations, fusions and fissions. Thus, the initial formation of neo-sex chromosomes could not have played a role in reproductive isolation between these Leptidea species. However, the subsequent species-specific fissions of several neo-sex chromosomes could have contributed to their reproductive isolation. Then, significantly increased numbers of Z-linked genes and independent neo-W chromosome degeneration could accelerate the accumulation of genetic incompatibilities between populations and promote their divergence resulting in speciation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atsuo Yoshido
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jindra Šíchová
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Kristýna Pospíšilová
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Nguyen
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Anna Voleníková
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Branišovská 1760, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Šafář
- Institute of Experimental Botany of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Šlechtitelů 31, 779 00, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Provazník
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.,Genomics Core Facility, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona, Spain
| | - František Marec
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Institute of Entomology, Branišovská 31, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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14
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Platania L, Vodă R, Dincă V, Talavera G, Vila R, Dapporto L. Integrative analyses on Western PalearcticLasiommatareveal a mosaic of nascent butterfly species. J ZOOL SYST EVOL RES 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/jzs.12356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Platania
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
| | - Raluca Vodă
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology University of Turin Turin Italy
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Ecology and Genetics Research Unit University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐Universitat Pompeu Fabra) Barcelona Spain
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15
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Talla V, Soler L, Kawakami T, Dincă V, Vila R, Friberg M, Wiklund C, Backström N. Dissecting the Effects of Selection and Mutation on Genetic Diversity in Three Wood White (Leptidea) Butterfly Species. Genome Biol Evol 2019; 11:2875-2886. [PMID: 31580421 PMCID: PMC6795238 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evz212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The relative role of natural selection and genetic drift in evolution is a major topic of debate in evolutionary biology. Most knowledge spring from a small group of organisms and originate from before it was possible to generate genome-wide data on genetic variation. Hence, it is necessary to extend to a larger number of taxonomic groups, descriptive and hypothesis-based research aiming at understanding the proximate and ultimate mechanisms underlying both levels of genetic polymorphism and the efficiency of natural selection. In this study, we used data from 60 whole-genome resequenced individuals of three cryptic butterfly species (Leptidea sp.), together with novel gene annotation information and population recombination data. We characterized the overall prevalence of natural selection and investigated the effects of mutation and linked selection on regional variation in nucleotide diversity. Our analyses showed that genome-wide diversity and rate of adaptive substitutions were comparatively low, whereas nonsynonymous to synonymous polymorphism and substitution levels were comparatively high in Leptidea, suggesting small long-term effective population sizes. Still, negative selection on linked sites (background selection) has resulted in reduced nucleotide diversity in regions with relatively high gene density and low recombination rate. We also found a significant effect of mutation rate variation on levels of polymorphism. Finally, there were considerable population differences in levels of genetic diversity and pervasiveness of selection against slightly deleterious alleles, in line with expectations from differences in estimated effective population sizes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Talla
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Lucile Soler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS), Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Takeshi Kawakami
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, University of Oulu, Finland
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magne Friberg
- Department of Biology, Biodiversity Unit, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Christer Wiklund
- Department of Zoology, Division of Ecology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Niclas Backström
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Sweden
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16
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Lukhtanov VA. Species Delimitation and Analysis of Cryptic Species Diversity in the XXI Century. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0013873819040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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17
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Talla V, Johansson A, Dincă V, Vila R, Friberg M, Wiklund C, Backström N. Lack of gene flow: Narrow and dispersed differentiation islands in a triplet ofLeptideabutterfly species. Mol Ecol 2019; 28:3756-3770. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.15188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Talla
- Department of Evolutionary Biology Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC) Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
| | - Anna Johansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology Uppsala Biomedical Centre (BMC) Uppsala Sweden
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Department of Ecology and Genetics University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC‐UPF) Barcelona Spain
| | - Magne Friberg
- Department of Biology, Biodiversity Unit Lund University Lund Sweden
| | - Christer Wiklund
- Division of Ecology Department of Zoology Stockholm University Stockholm Sweden
| | - Niclas Backström
- Department of Evolutionary Biology Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC) Uppsala University Uppsala Sweden
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18
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Gaunet A, Dincă V, Dapporto L, Montagud S, Vodă R, Schär S, Badiane A, Font E, Vila R. Two consecutive
Wolbachia
‐mediated mitochondrial introgressions obscure taxonomy in Palearctic swallowtail butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae). ZOOL SCR 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurélien Gaunet
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-UPF) Barcelona Spain
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Department of Ecology and Genetics University of Oulu Oulu Finland
| | - Leonardo Dapporto
- Dipartimento di Biologia Università degli Studi di Firenze Florence Italy
| | - Sergio Montagud
- Museu [UV] Història Natural Universitat de València Burjassot (Valencia) Spain
| | - Raluca Vodă
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita e Biologia dei Sistemi Università degli Studi di Torino Turin Italy
| | - Sämi Schär
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-UPF) Barcelona Spain
| | - Arnaud Badiane
- Department of Biological Sciences Macquarie University Sydney New South Wales Australia
- Ethology Lab, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology University of Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Enrique Font
- Ethology Lab, Cavanilles Institute of Biodiversity and Evolutionary Biology University of Valencia Valencia Spain
| | - Roger Vila
- Institute of Evolutionary Biology (CSIC-UPF) Barcelona Spain
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19
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Wiemers M, Balletto E, Dincă V, Fric ZF, Lamas G, Lukhtanov V, Munguira ML, van Swaay C, Vila R, Vliegenthart A, Wahlberg N, Verovnik R. An updated checklist of the European Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea). Zookeys 2018. [DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.810.28712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an updated checklist of the butterflies of Europe, together with their original name combinations, and their occurrence status in each European country. According to this checklist, 496 species of the superfamily Papilionoidea occur in Europe. Changes in comparison with the last version (2.6.2) of Fauna Europaea are discussed. Compared to that version, 16 species are new additions, either due to cryptic species most of which have been discovered by molecular methods (13 cases) or due to discoveries of Asian species on the eastern border of the European territory in the Ural mountains (three cases). On the other hand, nine species had to be removed from the list, because they either do not occur in Europe or lost their species status due to new evidence. In addition, three species names had to be changed and 30 species changed their combination due to new evidence on phylogenetic relationships. Furthermore, minor corrections were applied to some authors’ names and years of publication. Finally, the namePolyommatusottomanusLefèbvre, 1831, which is threatened by its senior synonymLycaenalegeriFreyer, 1830, is declared anomen protectum, thereby conserving its name in the current combinationLycaenaottomana.
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20
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Wiemers M, Balletto E, Dincă V, Faltynek Fric Z, Gerardo Lamas, Lukhtanov V, Munguira ML, Chris A. M. van Swaay, Vila R, Vliegenthart A, Wahlberg N, Verovnik R. An updated checklist of the European Butterflies (Lepidoptera, Papilionoidea). Zookeys 2018; 811:9-45. [PMID: 30627036 PMCID: PMC6323101 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.811.28712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
This paper presents an updated checklist of the butterflies of Europe, together with their original name combinations, and their occurrence status in each European country. According to this checklist, 496 species of the superfamily Papilionoidea occur in Europe. Changes in comparison with the last version (2.6.2) of Fauna Europaea are discussed. Compared to that version, 16 species are new additions, either due to cryptic species most of which have been discovered by molecular methods (13 cases) or due to discoveries of Asian species on the eastern border of the European territory in the Ural mountains (three cases). On the other hand, nine species had to be removed from the list, because they either do not occur in Europe or lost their species status due to new evidence. In addition, three species names had to be changed and 30 species changed their combination due to new evidence on phylogenetic relationships. Furthermore, minor corrections were applied to some authors' names and years of publication. Finally, the name Polyommatusottomanus Lefèbvre, 1831, which is threatened by its senior synonym Lycaenalegeri Freyer, 1830, is declared a nomen protectum, thereby conserving its name in the current combination Lycaenaottomana.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Wiemers
- UFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Str. 4, 06120 Halle, GermanyUFZ – Helmholtz Centre for Environmental ResearchHalleGermany
| | - Emilio Balletto
- Turin University, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, via Accademia Albertina 13, I-10123 Torino, ItalyTurin UniversityTorinoItaly
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Department of Ecology and Genetics, PO Box 3000, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, FinlandUniversity of OuluOuluFinland
| | - Zdenek Faltynek Fric
- Biology Centre CAS, Branisovska 31, 370 05 Ceske Budejovice, Czech RepublicBiology Centre CASCeske BudejoviceCzech Republic
| | - Gerardo Lamas
- Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Apartado 14-0434, Lima-14, PeruUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLimaPeru
| | - Vladimir Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, RussiaZoological Institute of Russian Academy of SciencesSt. PetersburgRussia
| | - Miguel L. Munguira
- Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, c/ Darwin 2, 28049 Madrid, SpainUniversidad Autónoma de MadridMadridSpain
| | - Chris A. M. van Swaay
- Dutch Butterfly Conservation, PO Box 506, 6700 AM Wageningen, The NetherlandsDutch Butterfly ConservationWageningenNetherlands
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003 Barcelona, SpainCSIC-Universitat Pompeu FabraBarcelonaSpain
| | - Albert Vliegenthart
- Dutch Butterfly Conservation, PO Box 506, 6700 AM Wageningen, The NetherlandsDutch Butterfly ConservationWageningenNetherlands
| | - Niklas Wahlberg
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Sölvegatan 37, 223 62 Lund, SwedenLund UniversityLundSweden
| | - Rudi Verovnik
- University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Biology, Jamnikarjeva 111, 1000 Ljubljana, SloveniaUniversity of LjubljanaLjubljanaSlovenia
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21
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Fumi M, Friberg M. Consistent seasonal polyphenism in male genitalia of threeLeptideabutterfly species (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/bly159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Magne Friberg
- Lund University, Department of Biology, Lund, Sweden
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22
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Robertson JM, Nava R, Vega A, Kaiser K. Uniformity in premating reproductive isolation along an intraspecific cline. Curr Zool 2018; 64:641-652. [PMID: 30323843 PMCID: PMC6178793 DOI: 10.1093/cz/zox066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Premating reproductive isolation (RI) may reduce gene flow across populations that have differentiated in traits important for mate choice. Examining RI across genetic and phenotypic clines can inform the fundamental evolutionary processes that underlie population and lineage differentiation. We conducted female mate-choice studies across an intraspecific red-eyed treefrog cline in Costa Rica and Panama with 2 specific aims: (1) to characterize RI across the cline and examine the relationship between premating RI and genetic and phenotypic distance and (2) to evaluate our results within a broader evolutionary and taxonomic perspective through examination of other RI studies. We found that female red-eyed treefrogs prefer local males relative to non-local males, indicating that some premating RI has evolved in this system, but that preference strength is not associated with phenotypic or geographic distance. Our analysis of 65 other studies revealed no clear pattern between the strength of RI and geographic distribution (allopatry, parapatry, cline) or phenotypic distance, but revealed extreme variation and overlap in levels of intra- and interspecific levels of RI. This work contributes to a growing body of literature that examines intraspecific RI across a cline to understand the selective processes that shape evolutionary patterns at the earliest stages of divergence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne Marie Robertson
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA, USA.,Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Roman Nava
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA, USA.,Department of Biology, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrés Vega
- AMBICOR, 400 E., 75 S., 75 E. de la Municipalidad de Tibas, Tibas, Costa Rica
| | - Kristine Kaiser
- Department of Biology, California State University, Northridge, 18111 Nordhoff Street, Northridge, CA, USA.,Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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23
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Versatility of multivalent orientation, inverted meiosis, and rescued fitness in holocentric chromosomal hybrids. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018; 115:E9610-E9619. [PMID: 30266792 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1802610115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Chromosomal rearrangements (e.g., fusions/fissions) have the potential to drive speciation. However, their accumulation in a population is generally viewed as unlikely, because chromosomal heterozygosity should lead to meiotic problems and aneuploid gametes. Canonical meiosis involves segregation of homologous chromosomes in meiosis I and sister chromatid segregation during meiosis II. In organisms with holocentric chromosomes, which are characterized by kinetic activity distributed along almost the entire chromosome length, this order may be inverted depending on their metaphase I orientation. Here we analyzed the evolutionary role of this intrinsic versatility of holocentric chromosomes, which is not available to monocentric ones, by studying F1 to F4 hybrids between two chromosomal races of the Wood White butterfly (Leptidea sinapis), separated by at least 24 chromosomal fusions/fissions. We found that these chromosomal rearrangements resulted in multiple meiotic multivalents, and, contrary to the theoretical prediction, the hybrids displayed relatively high reproductive fitness (42% of that of the control lines) and regular behavior of meiotic chromosomes. In the hybrids, we also discovered inverted meiosis, in which the first and critical stage of chromosome number reduction was replaced by the less risky stage of sister chromatid separation. We hypothesize that the ability to invert the order of the main meiotic events facilitates proper chromosome segregation and hence rescues fertility and viability in chromosomal hybrids, potentially promoting dynamic karyotype evolution and chromosomal speciation.
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24
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Zimmermann BL, Crivellaro MS, Hauschild CB, Bartholomei-Santos ML, Crandall KA, Pérez-Losada M, Giri F, Collins P, Santos S. Phylogeography reveals unexpectedly low genetic diversity in a widely distributed species: the case of the freshwater crab Aegla platensis (Decapoda: Anomura). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/biolinnean/blx166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bianca L Zimmermann
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marcelo S Crivellaro
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Caroline B Hauschild
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Marlise L Bartholomei-Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Keith A Crandall
- Computational Biology Institute, George Washington University, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, US National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Marcos Pérez-Losada
- Computational Biology Institute, George Washington University, Ashburn, VA, USA
- Department of Invertebrate Zoology, US National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA
- CIBIO-InBIO, Centro de Investigação em Biodiversidade e Recursos Genéticos, Vairão, Portugal
| | - Federico Giri
- Laboratorio de Macrocrustáceos, Instituto Nacional de Limnología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Pablo Collins
- Laboratorio de Macrocrustáceos, Instituto Nacional de Limnología, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Sandro Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Biodiversidade Animal, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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25
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Lukhtanov VA, Shapoval NA. Chromosomal identification of cryptic species sharing their DNA barcodes: Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) antidolus and P. (A.) morgani in Iran (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae). COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2017; 11:759-768. [PMID: 29302296 PMCID: PMC5740395 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v11i4.20876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
DNA barcoding has been suggested as a universal tool for molecular species identification; however, it cannot be applied in cases when morphologically similar species share their DNA barcodes due to the common ancestry or mitochondrial introgression. Here we analyze the karyotype of Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) morgani (Le Cerf, 1909) from the region of its type locality in the southern Zagros Mountains in Iran, provide first chromosomal evidence for P. (A.) antidolus (Rebel, 1901) in Iran and demonstrate that these two species can be easily identified through analysis of their karyotypes whereas they share their mitochondrial barcodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A. Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
- Department of Entomology, Faculty of Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Nazar A. Shapoval
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
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26
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Worsham MLD, Julius EP, Nice CC, Diaz PH, Huffman DG. Geographic isolation facilitates the evolution of reproductive isolation and morphological divergence. Ecol Evol 2017; 7:10278-10288. [PMID: 29238554 PMCID: PMC5723600 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.3474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Geographic isolation is known to contribute to divergent evolution, resulting in unique phenotypes. Oftentimes morphologically distinct populations are found to be interfertile while reproductive isolation is found to exist within nominal morphological species revealing the existence of cryptic species. These disparities can be difficult to predict or explain especially when they do not reflect an inferred history of common ancestry which suggests that environmental factors affect the nature of ecological divergence. A series of laboratory experiments and observational studies were used to address what role biogeographic factors may play in the ecological divergence of Hyalella amphipods. It was found that geographic isolation plays a key role in the evolution of reproductive isolation and divergent morphology and that divergence cannot be explained by molecular genetic variation.
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Affiliation(s)
- McLean L. D. Worsham
- Department of BiologyTexas State UniversitySan MarcosTXUSA
- Department of ZoologyUniversity of HawaiiHonoluluHIUSA
| | - Eric P. Julius
- Department of BiologyTexas State UniversitySan MarcosTXUSA
| | - Chris C. Nice
- Department of BiologyTexas State UniversitySan MarcosTXUSA
| | - Peter H. Diaz
- U.S. Fish and Wildlife ServiceTexas Fish and Wildlife Conservation OfficeSan MarcosTXUSA
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Talla V, Suh A, Kalsoom F, Dincă V, Vila R, Friberg M, Wiklund C, Backström N. Rapid Increase in Genome Size as a Consequence of Transposable Element Hyperactivity in Wood-White (Leptidea) Butterflies. Genome Biol Evol 2017; 9:2491-2505. [PMID: 28981642 PMCID: PMC5737376 DOI: 10.1093/gbe/evx163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/22/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterizing and quantifying genome size variation among organisms and understanding if genome size evolves as a consequence of adaptive or stochastic processes have been long-standing goals in evolutionary biology. Here, we investigate genome size variation and association with transposable elements (TEs) across lepidopteran lineages using a novel genome assembly of the common wood-white (Leptidea sinapis) and population re-sequencing data from both L. sinapis and the closely related L. reali and L. juvernica together with 12 previously available lepidopteran genome assemblies. A phylogenetic analysis confirms established relationships among species, but identifies previously unknown intraspecific structure within Leptidea lineages. The genome assembly of L. sinapis is one of the largest of any lepidopteran taxon so far (643 Mb) and genome size is correlated with abundance of TEs, both in Lepidoptera in general and within Leptidea where L. juvernica from Kazakhstan has considerably larger genome size than any other Leptidea population. Specific TE subclasses have been active in different Lepidoptera lineages with a pronounced expansion of predominantly LINEs, DNA elements, and unclassified TEs in the Leptidea lineage after the split from other Pieridae. The rate of genome expansion in Leptidea in general has been in the range of four Mb/Million year (My), with an increase in a particular L. juvernica population to 72 Mb/My. The considerable differences in accumulation rates of specific TE classes in different lineages indicate that TE activity plays a major role in genome size evolution in butterflies and moths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venkat Talla
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Alexander Suh
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Faheema Kalsoom
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution Program, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Vila
- Animal Biodiversity and Evolution Program, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Magne Friberg
- Department of Plant Ecology and Evolution, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Christer Wiklund
- Division of Ecology, Department of Zoology, Stockholm University, Sweden
| | - Niclas Backström
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Evolutionary Biology Centre (EBC), Uppsala University, Sweden
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Vershinina AO, Lukhtanov VA. Evolutionary mechanisms of runaway chromosome number change in Agrodiaetus butterflies. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8199. [PMID: 28811556 PMCID: PMC5557896 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08525-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite predictions of the classic, hybrid-sterility model of chromosomal speciation, some organisms demonstrate high rate of karyotype evolution. This rate is especially impressive in Agrodiaetus butterflies that rapidly evolved the greatest chromosome number diversity known in animal kingdom within a single subgenus. Here we analyzed karyotype evolution in Agrodiaetus using phylogenetic comparative methods. We found that chromosome numbers possess a strong phylogenetic signal. This disproves the chromosome megaevolution model that proposes multiple chromosome rearrangements to accumulate independently in each of closely related species. We found that Brownian motion gives a more adequate description of observed trait changes than Ornstein-Uhlenbeck model. This indicates that chromosome numbers evolve via random walk along branches of the phylogeny. We discovered a correlation between karyotype changes and phylogeny branch lengths. This gradual pattern is inconsistent with the hybrid-sterility model which, due to association of major chromosome changes with cladogenetic events, predicts a high degree of punctualism in karyotype evolution. Thus, low underdominace of chromosomal rearrangements and/or prevalence of the recombination-suppression model over the hybrid-sterility model of chromosome speciation are the most common engines of the runaway chromosome number change observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alisa O Vershinina
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Ecology & Evolutionary Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, 95064, Santa Cruz, CA, USA.
| | - Vladimir A Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia.
- Department of Entomology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia.
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29
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Revised classification and phylogeny of an Afrotropical species group based on molecular and morphological data, with the description of a new genus (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Onthophagini). ORG DIVERS EVOL 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s13127-016-0297-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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30
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Alors D, Grande FD, Cubas P, Crespo A, Schmitt I, Molina MC, Divakar PK. Panmixia and dispersal from the Mediterranean Basin to Macaronesian Islands of a macrolichen species. Sci Rep 2017; 7:40879. [PMID: 28102303 PMCID: PMC5244402 DOI: 10.1038/srep40879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/12/2016] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean region, comprising the Mediterranean Basin and the Macaronesian Islands, represents a center of diversification for many organisms. The genetic structure and connectivity of mainland and island microbial populations has been poorly explored, in particular in the case of symbiotic fungi. Here we investigated genetic diversity and spatial structure of the obligate outcrossing lichen-forming fungus Parmelina carporrhizans in the Mediterranean region. Using eight microsatellite and mating-type markers we showed that fungal populations are highly diverse but lack spatial structure. This is likely due to high connectivity and long distance dispersal of fungal spores. Consistent with low levels of linkage disequilibrium and lack of clonality, we detected both mating-type idiomorphs in all populations. Furthermore we showed that the Macaronesian Islands are the result of colonization from the Mediterranean Basin. The unidirectional gene flow, though, seemed not to be sufficient to counterbalance the effects of drift, resulting in comparatively allelic poor peripheral populations. Our study is the first to shed light on the high connectivity and lack of population structure in natural populations of a strictly sexual lichen fungus. Our data further support the view of the Macaronesian Islands as the end of the colonization road for this symbiotic ascomycete.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Alors
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francesco Dal Grande
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Paloma Cubas
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana Crespo
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Imke Schmitt
- Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F), Senckenberganlage 25, 60325 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
- Institute of Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Goethe Universität, Max-von-Laue-Str. 13, D-60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - M. Carmen Molina
- Departamento de Biología y Geología, Física y Química Inorgánica (Área de Biodiversidad y Conservación), ESCET, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Móstoles, 28933 Madrid, Spain
| | - Pradeep K. Divakar
- Departamento de Biología Vegetal II, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Vishnevskaya MS, Saifitdinova AF, Lukhtanov VA. Karyosystematics and molecular taxonomy of the anomalous blue butterflies (Lepidoptera, Lycaenidae) from the Balkan Peninsula. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2016; 10:1-85. [PMID: 28105291 PMCID: PMC5220643 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v10i5.10944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2016] [Accepted: 11/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The Balkan Peninsula represents one of the hottest biodiversity spots in Europe. However, the invertebrate fauna of this region is still insufficiently investigated, even in respect of such well-studied organisms as Lepidoptera. Here we use a combination of chromosomal, molecular and morphological markers to rearrange the group of so-called anomalous blue butterflies (also known as 'brown complex' of the subgenus Agrodiaetus Hübner, [1822] and as the Polyommatus (Agrodiaetus) admetus (Esper, 1783) species group) and to reveal its cryptic taxonomic structure. We demonstrate that Polyommatus aroaniensis (Brown, 1976) is not as widespread in the Balkans as was previously thought. In fact, it has a dot-like distribution range restricted to the Peloponnese Peninsula in South Greece. Polyommatus orphicus Kolev, 2005 is not as closely related to the Turkish species Polyommatus dantchenkoi (Lukhtanov & Wiemers, 2003) as was supposed earlier. Instead, it is a Balkan endemic represented by two subspecies: Polyommatus orphicus orphicus (Bulgaria) and Polyommatus orphicus eleniae Coutsis & De Prins, 2005 (Northern Greece). Polyommatus ripartii (Freyer, 1830) is represented in the Balkans by an endemic subspecies Polyommatus ripartii pelopi. The traditionally recognized Polyommatus admetus (Esper, 1783) is shown to be a heterogeneous complex and is divided into Polyommatus admetus sensu stricto (the Balkans and west Turkey) and Polyommatus yeranyani (Dantchenko & Lukhtanov, 2005) (east Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan and Iran). Polyommatus nephohiptamenos (Brown & Coutsis, 1978) is confirmed to be a species with a dot-like distribution range in Northern Greece. Finally, from Central Greece (Timfristos and Parnassos mountains) we describe Polyommatus timfristos Lukhtanov, Vishnevskaya & Shapoval, sp. n. which differs by its haploid chromosome number (n=38) from the closely related and morphologically similar Polyommatus aroaniensis (n=47-48) and Polyommatus orphicus (n=41-42). We provide chromosomal evidence for three separate south Balkan Pleistocene refugia (Peloponnesse, Central Greece and Northern Greece/South Bulgaria) and stress the biogeographic importance of Central Greece as a place of diversification. Then we argue that the data obtained have direct implications for butterfly karyology, taxonomy, biogeography and conservation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria S Vishnevskaya
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Entomology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alsu F Saifitdinova
- Department of Cytology and Histology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Vladimir A Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics, Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Entomology, St Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab. 7/9, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
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32
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Hernández-Roldán JL, Dapporto L, Dincă V, Vicente JC, Hornett EA, Šíchová J, Lukhtanov VA, Talavera G, Vila R. Integrative analyses unveil speciation linked to host plant shift inSpialiabutterflies. Mol Ecol 2016; 25:4267-84. [DOI: 10.1111/mec.13756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2015] [Revised: 06/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/05/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juan L. Hernández-Roldán
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37 E-08003 Barcelona Spain
- Departamento de Biología (Zoología); Facultad de Ciencias de la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid; C/ Darwin 2 E-28049 Madrid Spain
| | - Leonardo Dapporto
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37 E-08003 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Biology; University of Florence; Via Madonna del Piano 6 50019 Sesto Fiorentino FI Italy
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37 E-08003 Barcelona Spain
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario; University of Guelph; Guelph Ontario Canada N1G 2W1
| | | | - Emily A. Hornett
- Department of Zoology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge CB2 3EJ UK
| | - Jindra Šíchová
- Institute of Entomology; Biology Centre ASCR; 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir A. Lukhtanov
- Department of Karyosystematics; Zoological Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences; Universitetskaya nab. 1 199034 St. Petersburg Russia
- Department of Entomology; St. Petersburg State University; Universitetskaya nab. 7/9 199034 St. Petersburg Russia
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37 E-08003 Barcelona Spain
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; Cambridge MA 02138 USA
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra); Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37 E-08003 Barcelona Spain
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33
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Kurushima H, Yoshimura J, Kim JK, Kim JK, Nishimoto Y, Sayama K, Kato M, Watanabe K, Hasegawa E, Roff DA, Shimizu A. Co-occurrence of ecologically equivalent cryptic species of spider wasps. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2016; 3:160119. [PMID: 27853590 PMCID: PMC5108940 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.160119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 07/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Many cryptic species have been discovered in various taxonomic groups based on molecular phylogenetic analyses and mating experiments. Some sympatric cryptic species share equivalent resources, which contradicts the competitive exclusion principle. Two major theories have been proposed to explain the apparent lack of competitive exclusion, i.e. niche-based coexistence and neutral model, but a conclusive explanation is lacking. Here, we report the co-occurrence of cryptic spider wasp species appearing to be ecologically equivalent. Molecular phylogenetic analyses and mating experiments revealed that three phylogenetically closely related species are found sympatrically in Japan. These species share the same resources for larval food, and two of the species have the same niche for nesting sites, indicating a lack of competitive exclusion. This evidence may suggest that ecologically equivalent species can co-occur stably if their shared resources are sufficiently abundant that they cannot be over-exploited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroaki Kurushima
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Jin Yoshimura
- Graduate School of Science and Technology, and Department of Mathematical and Systems Engineering, Shizuoka University, Hamamatsu 432-8561, Japan
- Department of Environmental and Forest Biology, State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, New York 13210, USA
- Marine Biosystems Research Center, Chiba University, Kamogawa, Chiba 299-5502, Japan
| | - Jeong-Kyu Kim
- Bureau of Ecological Research, National Institute of Ecology, Seocheon, Chungcheongnam, 33657, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Kuk Kim
- Department of Forest Environment Protection, College of Forest and Environmental Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Kangwon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Katsuhiko Sayama
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute, Sapporo, Hokkaido 062-8516, Japan
| | - Manabu Kato
- 2-2-B205 Hirafuku, Tsuyama, Okayama 708-0872, Japan
| | - Kenta Watanabe
- Science and Technology Division, Okinawa College, National Institute of Technology, Nago, Okinawa 905-2192, Japan
- Department of Botany, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA
| | - Eisuke Hasegawa
- Laboratory of Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Systematics, Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan
| | - Derek A. Roff
- Department of Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Akira Shimizu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
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34
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Šíchová J, Ohno M, Dincă V, Watanabe M, Sahara K, Marec F. Fissions, fusions, and translocations shaped the karyotype and multiple sex chromosome constitution of the northeast-Asian wood white butterfly,Leptidea amurensis. Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2016. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jindra Šíchová
- Institute of Entomology; Biology Centre CAS; 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
| | - Mizuki Ohno
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology; Faculty of Agriculture; Iwate University; Morioka 020-8550 Japan
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario; University of Guelph; Guelph Ontario N1G 2W1 Canada
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva, (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu-Fabra); 08003 Barcelona Spain
| | - Michihito Watanabe
- NPO Mt. Fuji Nature Conservation Center; 6603 Funatsu, Fujikawaguchiko-machi Yamanashi 401-0301 Japan
| | - Ken Sahara
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology; Faculty of Agriculture; Iwate University; Morioka 020-8550 Japan
| | - František Marec
- Institute of Entomology; Biology Centre CAS; 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
- Faculty of Science; University of South Bohemia; 370 05 České Budějovice Czech Republic
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35
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The sibling species Leptidea juvernica and L. sinapis (Lepidoptera, Pieridae) in the Balkan Peninsula: ecology, genetic structure, and morphological variation. ZOOLOGY 2016; 119:11-20. [PMID: 26763758 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2015.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The wood white butterfly Leptidea sinapis and its more recently discovered sibling species L. reali and L. juvernica have emerged as a model system for studying the speciation and evolution of cryptic species, as well as their ecological interactions in conditions of sympatry. Leptidea sinapis is widely distributed from Western Europe to Central Asia while the synmorphic L. juvernica and L. reali have allopatric distributions, both occurring in sympatry with L. sinapis and exhibiting an intricate, regionally variable ecological niche separation. Until now, the Balkan Peninsula remained one of the major unknowns in terms of distribution, genetic structure, and ecological preferences of the Leptidea triplet in Europe. We present new molecular and morphological data from a detailed survey of the region. Our DNA analysis suggests that the Balkan populations belong only to L. sinapis and L. juvernica, and that they are not genetically differentiated from other mainland populations. The distribution data reveal that L. sinapis is a widespread habitat generalist, while L. juvernica exhibits a transition from a habitat generalist in the western Balkans to a localised habitat specialist, confined to humid mountain habitats, in the east. The morphometric analysis of male genitalia and a comparison to data from other parts of the species' ranges suggest an interesting mosaic of regional morphological variation that is likely linked to environmental and ecological factors. We also demonstrate the usefulness of the genitalia scaling relations for analysing the morphological variation and discuss the implications for species identification.
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36
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Dincă V, Montagud S, Talavera G, Hernández-Roldán J, Munguira ML, García-Barros E, Hebert PDN, Vila R. DNA barcode reference library for Iberian butterflies enables a continental-scale preview of potential cryptic diversity. Sci Rep 2015; 5:12395. [PMID: 26205828 PMCID: PMC4513295 DOI: 10.1038/srep12395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 05/11/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
How common are cryptic species--those overlooked because of their morphological similarity? Despite its wide-ranging implications for biology and conservation, the answer remains open to debate. Butterflies constitute the best-studied invertebrates, playing a similar role as birds do in providing models for vertebrate biology. An accurate assessment of cryptic diversity in this emblematic group requires meticulous case-by-case assessments, but a preview to highlight cases of particular interest will help to direct future studies. We present a survey of mitochondrial genetic diversity for the butterfly fauna of the Iberian Peninsula with unprecedented resolution (3502 DNA barcodes for all 228 species), creating a reliable system for DNA-based identification and for the detection of overlooked diversity. After compiling available data for European butterflies (5782 sequences, 299 species), we applied the Generalized Mixed Yule-Coalescent model to explore potential cryptic diversity at a continental scale. The results indicate that 27.7% of these species include from two to four evolutionary significant units (ESUs), suggesting that cryptic biodiversity may be higher than expected for one of the best-studied invertebrate groups and regions. The ESUs represent important units for conservation, models for studies of evolutionary and speciation processes, and sentinels for future research to unveil hidden diversity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vlad Dincă
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona,Spain
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sergio Montagud
- Institut Cavanilles de Biodiversitat i Biologia Evolutiva (ICBiBE) - Universitat de València, Carrer Catedràtic José Beltrán 2, 46980, Paterna, Spain
| | - Gerard Talavera
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona,Spain
- Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology and Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
- Faculty of Biology and Soil Science, St Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Juan Hernández-Roldán
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Biology, Campus Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Miguel L. Munguira
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Biology, Campus Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Enrique García-Barros
- Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Department of Biology, Campus Cantoblanco 28049, Madrid, Spain
| | - Paul D. N. Hebert
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, N1G 2W1, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Passeig Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003, Barcelona,Spain
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37
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Solovyev VI, Ilinsky Y, Kosterin OE. Genetic integrity of four species of Leptidea (Pieridae, Lepidoptera) as sampled in sympatry in West Siberia. COMPARATIVE CYTOGENETICS 2015; 9:299-324. [PMID: 26312129 PMCID: PMC4547032 DOI: 10.3897/compcytogen.v9i3.4636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2015] [Accepted: 05/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In southern West Siberia, as many as four Leptidea Billberg, 1820 species are present sympatrically: Leptideaamurensis (Ménétriés, 1859), Leptideamorsei (Ménétriés, 1859), Leptideasinapis (Linnaeus, 1758) and Leptideajuvernica Williams, 1946. The two latter were recently recognised as nearly sibling species on morphological and molecular characters. Specimens intermediate as to their subtle diagnostic characters occurring in West Siberia and elsewhere were interpreted as resulted from limited introgression. This supposition was tested via populational morphological and molecular analysis of spring brood specimens of all the four species taken from a limited (4.5 × 0.2 km) area in the suburbs of Novosibirsk. The samples were analysed with respect to the genitalic morphology, external characters, three nuclear (CAD, H1 gene and ITS2) and one mitochondrial (COI) molecular markers, infection of the intracellular maternally inherited bacterial symbiont Wolbachia Hertig, 1836 and its wsp gene coding for a hypervariable surface protein. Interspecific variation of the nuclear CAD and ITS2 sequences and the mitochondrial COI gene in Leptideasinapis and Leptideajuvernica turned out concordant. The absence of molecular evidence of introgression suggests genetic integrity of these two species and allows their reliable identification by molecular characters. The genitalic (lengths of the saccus and valva) and external characters (wing pattern) of males overlap in Leptideasinapis and Leptideajuvernica, as identified by molecular markers and thus are not so helpful in actual species identification. Only the ductus bursae length showed no overlap and can be used for identification of females. The histone H1 gene appeared five times less variable over the four studied species than COI, and found to be identical in species Leptideasinapis and Leptideajuvernica. Wolbachia infection was found in all studied species. We identified three wsp variants of Wolbachia: 1) wsp-10 allele in Leptideaamurensis, Leptideasinapis, Leptideajuvernica; 2) a very similar wsp-687 allele in Leptideasinapis; and 3) wsp-688, highly divergent to the previous ones, in Leptideamorsei.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir I. Solovyev
- Institute of Cytology & Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Lavrentyev ave. 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
| | - Yury Ilinsky
- Institute of Cytology & Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Lavrentyev ave. 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Institute of Chemistry and Biology, Immanuil Kant Baltic Federal University, Alexander Nevsky str. 14, 236038 Kaliningrad, Russia
| | - Oleg E. Kosterin
- Institute of Cytology & Genetics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Acad. Lavrentyev ave. 10, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia
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Šíchová J, Voleníková A, Dincă V, Nguyen P, Vila R, Sahara K, Marec F. Dynamic karyotype evolution and unique sex determination systems in Leptidea wood white butterflies. BMC Evol Biol 2015; 15:89. [PMID: 25981157 PMCID: PMC4436027 DOI: 10.1186/s12862-015-0375-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chromosomal rearrangements have the potential to limit the rate and pattern of gene flow within and between species and thus play a direct role in promoting and maintaining speciation. Wood white butterflies of the genus Leptidea are excellent models to study the role of chromosome rearrangements in speciation because they show karyotype variability not only among but also within species. In this work, we investigated genome architecture of three cryptic Leptidea species (L. juvernica, L. sinapis and L. reali) by standard and molecular cytogenetic techniques in order to reveal causes of the karyotype variability. Results Chromosome numbers ranged from 2n = 85 to 91 in L. juvernica and 2n = 69 to 73 in L. sinapis (both from Czech populations) to 2n = 51 to 55 in L. reali (Spanish population). We observed significant differences in chromosome numbers and localization of cytogenetic markers (rDNA and H3 histone genes) within the offspring of individual females. Using FISH with the (TTAGG)n telomeric probe we also documented the presence of multiple chromosome fusions and/or fissions and other complex rearrangements. Thus, the intraspecific karyotype variability is likely due to irregular chromosome segregation of multivalent meiotic configurations. The analysis of female meiotic chromosomes by GISH and CGH revealed multiple sex chromosomes: W1W2W3Z1Z2Z3Z4 in L. juvernica, W1W2W3Z1Z2Z3 in L. sinapis and W1W2W3W4Z1Z2Z3Z4 in L. reali. Conclusions Our results suggest a dynamic karyotype evolution and point to the role of chromosomal rearrangements in the speciation of Leptidea butterflies. Moreover, our study revealed a curious sex determination system with 3–4 W and 3–4 Z chromosomes, which is unique in the Lepidoptera and which could also have played a role in the speciation process of the three Leptidea species. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0375-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jindra Šíchová
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Anna Voleníková
- Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, N1G 2W1, Guelph, ON, Canada. .,Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu-Fabra), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Petr Nguyen
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
| | - Roger Vila
- Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu-Fabra), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Ken Sahara
- Laboratory of Applied Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture, Iwate University, Morioka, 020-8550, Japan.
| | - František Marec
- Institute of Entomology, Biology Centre CAS, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. .,Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 370 05, České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Vodă R, Dapporto L, Dincă V, Vila R. Why do cryptic species tend not to co-occur? A case study on two cryptic pairs of butterflies. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0117802. [PMID: 25692577 PMCID: PMC4334660 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 12/31/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
As cryptic diversity is being discovered, mostly thanks to advances in molecular techniques, it is becoming evident that many of these taxa display parapatric distributions in mainland and that they rarely coexist on islands. Genetic landscapes, haplotype networks and ecological niche modeling analyses were performed for two pairs of non-sister cryptic butterfly species, Aricia agestis-A. cramera and Polyommatus icarus-P. celina (Lycaenidae), to specifically assess non-coexistence on western Mediterranean islands, and to test potential causes producing such chequered distribution patterns. We show that the morphologically and ecologically equivalent pairs of species do not coexist on any of the studied islands, although nearly all islands are colonized by one of them. According to our models, the cryptic pairs displayed marked climatic preferences and 'precipitation during the driest quarter' was recovered as the most important climatic determinant. However, neither dispersal capacity, nor climatic or ecological factors fully explain the observed distributions across particular sea straits, and the existence of species interactions resulting in mutual exclusion is suggested as a necessary hypothesis. Given that the studied species are habitat generalists, feeding on virtually unlimited resources, we propose that reproductive interference, together with climatic preferences, sustain density-dependent mechanisms like "founder takes all" and impede coexistence on islands. Chequered distributions among cryptic taxa, both sister and non-sister, are common in butterflies, suggesting that the phenomenon revealed here could be important in determining biodiversity patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Vodă
- Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
- Departament de Genètica i Microbiologia, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Leonardo Dapporto
- Department of Biological and Medical Sciences, Oxford Brookes University, Headington, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Vlad Dincă
- Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
- Biodiversity Institute of Ontario, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Roger Vila
- Butterfly Diversity and Evolution Lab, Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-Universitat Pompeu Fabra), Barcelona, Spain
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Wahlberg N, Rota J, Braby MF, Pierce NE, Wheat CW. Revised systematics and higher classification of pierid butterflies (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) based on molecular data. ZOOL SCR 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Wahlberg
- Department of Biology; University of Turku; Turku 20014 Finland
| | - Jadranka Rota
- Department of Biology; University of Turku; Turku 20014 Finland
| | - Michael F. Braby
- Department of Land Resource Management; PO Box 496 Palmerston NT 0831 Australia
- Research School of Biology; The Australian National University; Canberra ACT 0200 Australia
| | - Naomi E. Pierce
- Museum of Comparative Zoology; Harvard University; 26 Oxford Street Cambridge MA 02138 USA
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Elzinga JA, Mappes J, Kaila L. Pre- and post-mating reproductive barriers drive divergence of five sympatric species of Naryciinae moths (Lepidoptera: Psychidae). Biol J Linn Soc Lond 2014. [DOI: 10.1111/bij.12281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jelmer A. Elzinga
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science; University of Jyväskylä; PO Box 35 FI-40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Johanna Mappes
- Department of Biological and Environmental Science; Centre of Excellence in Biological Interactions; University of Jyväskylä; PO Box 35 FI-40014 Jyväskylä Finland
| | - Lauri Kaila
- Finnish Museum of Natural History; Zoology Unit; University of Helsinki; P.O. Box 17 FI-00014 Helsinki Finland
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Schweiger O, Harpke A, Wiemers M, Settele J. CLIMBER: Climatic niche characteristics of the butterflies in Europe. Zookeys 2014:65-84. [PMID: 24478578 PMCID: PMC3904140 DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.367.6185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Detailed information on species’ ecological niche characteristics that can be related to declines and extinctions is indispensable for a better understanding of the relationship between the occurrence and performance of wild species and their environment and, moreover, for an improved assessment of the impacts of global change. Knowledge on species characteristics such as habitat requirements is already available in the ecological literature for butterflies, but information about their climatic requirements is still lacking. Here we present a unique dataset on the climatic niche characteristics of 397 European butterflies representing 91% of the European species (see Appendix). These characteristics were obtained by combining detailed information on butterfly distributions in Europe (which also led to the ‘Distribution Atlas of Butterflies in Europe’) and the corresponding climatic conditions. The presented dataset comprises information for the position and breadth of the following climatic niche characteristics: mean annual temperature, range in annual temperature, growing degree days, annual precipitation sum, range in annual precipitation and soil water content. The climatic niche position is indicated by the median and mean value for each climate variable across a species’ range, accompanied by the 95% confidence interval for the mean and the number of grid cells used for calculations. Climatic niche breadth is indicated by the standard deviation and the minimum and maximum values for each climatic variable across a species’ range. Database compilation was based on high quality standards and the data are ready to use for a broad range of applications. It is already evident that the information provided in this dataset is of great relevance for basic and applied ecology. Based on the species temperature index (STI, i.e. the mean temperature value per species), the community temperature index (CTI, i.e. the average STI value across the species in a community) was recently adopted as an indicator of climate change impact on biodiversity by the pan-European framework supporting the Convention on Biological Diversity (Streamlining European Biodiversity Indicators 2010) and has already been used in several scientific publications. The application potential of this database ranges from theoretical aspects such as assessments of past niche evolution or analyses of trait interdependencies to the very applied aspects of measuring, monitoring and projecting historical, ongoing and potential future responses to climate change using butterflies as an indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Schweiger
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Alexander Harpke
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Martin Wiemers
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany
| | - Josef Settele
- Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Department of Community Ecology, Theodor-Lieser-Strasse 4, 06120 Halle, Germany ; iDiv, German Centre for Integrative Biodiversity Research (iDiv) Halle-Jena-Leipzig, Deutscher Platz 5e, 04103 Leipzig, Germany
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