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O'Loughlin R, Jones R, Chen G, Mulhern B, Hiscock H, Devlin N, Dalziel K. Comparing the Psychometric Performance of Generic Paediatric Health-Related Quality of Life Instruments in Children and Adolescents with ADHD, Anxiety and/or Depression. PHARMACOECONOMICS 2024; 42:57-77. [PMID: 38329689 PMCID: PMC11168999 DOI: 10.1007/s40273-024-01354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to examine the validity, reliability and responsiveness of common generic paediatric health-related quality of life (HRQoL) instruments in children and adolescents with mental health challenges. METHODS Participants were a subset of the Australian Paediatric Multi-Instrument Comparison (P-MIC) study and comprised 1013 children aged 4-18 years with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (n = 533), or anxiety and/or depression (n = 480). Participants completed an online survey including a range of generic paediatric HRQoL instruments (PedsQL, EQ-5D-Y-3L, EQ-5D-Y-5L, CHU9D) and mental health symptom measures (SDQ, SWAN, RCADS-25). A subset of participants also completed the HUI3 and AQoL-6D. The psychometric performance of each HRQoL instrument was assessed regarding acceptability/feasibility; floor/ceiling effects; convergent validity; known-group validity; responsiveness and test-retest reliability. RESULTS The PedsQL, CHU9D, EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L showed similarly good performance for acceptability/feasibility, known-group validity and convergent validity. The CHU9D and PedsQL showed no floor or ceiling effects and fair-good test-retest reliability. Test-retest reliability was lower for the EQ-5D-Y-3L and EQ-5D-Y-5L. The EQ-5D-Y-3L showed the highest ceiling effects, but was the top performing instrument alongside the CHU9D on responsiveness to improvements in health status, followed by the PedsQL. The AQoL-6D and HUI3 showed good acceptability/feasibility, no floor or ceiling effects, and good convergent validity, yet poorer performance on known-group validity. Responsiveness and test-retest reliability were not able to be assessed for these two instruments. In subgroup analyses, performance was similar for all instruments for acceptability/feasibility, known-group and convergent validity, however, relative strengths and weaknesses for each instrument were noted for ceiling effects, responsiveness and test-retest reliability. In sensitivity analyses using utility scores, performance regarding known-group and convergent validity worsened slightly for the EQ-5D-Y-3L and CHU9D, though improved slightly for the HUI3 and AQoL-6D. CONCLUSIONS While each instrument showed strong performance in some areas, careful consideration of the choice of instrument is advised, as this may differ dependent on the intended use of the instrument, and the age, gender and type of mental health condition of the population in which the instrument is being used. TRIAL REGISTRATION ANZCTR-ACTRN12621000657820.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel O'Loughlin
- Health Economics Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia.
- Health Services Research Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
- Health Services and Economics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
| | - Renee Jones
- Health Economics Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Health Services Research Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Health Services and Economics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Gang Chen
- Centre for Health Economics, Monash University, Caulfield East, VIC, Australia
| | - Brendan Mulhern
- Centre for Health Economics Research and Evaluation, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia
| | - Harriet Hiscock
- Health Services Research Unit, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Health Services and Economics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nancy Devlin
- Health Economics Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
| | - Kim Dalziel
- Health Economics Unit, School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, 3010, Australia
- Health Services and Economics, Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Parkville, VIC, Australia
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2
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Pham H, Vandeleur M, Ranganathan S. Neuropsychiatric symptoms with elexacaftor/tezacaftor/ivacaftor: What does this mean for children? Pediatr Pulmonol 2024; 59:537-539. [PMID: 37991124 DOI: 10.1002/ppul.26762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiep Pham
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Respiratory Diseases, Murdoch Research Children's Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Moya Vandeleur
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sarath Ranganathan
- Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, The Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Respiratory Diseases, Murdoch Research Children's Institute, Royal Children's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
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3
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Branson EK, Branson VM, McGrath R, Rausa VC, Kilpatrick N, Crowe LM. Psychological and Peer Difficulties of Children with Cleft Lip and/or Palate: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cleft Palate Craniofac J 2024; 61:258-270. [PMID: 36082954 DOI: 10.1177/10556656221125377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to determine if children born with cleft lip and/or palate are at increased risk of psychological and peer difficulties, and if so, which difficulties they develop. METHODS EMBASE, MEDLINE, and PsycINFO were searched for English language studies published between January 2005 and January 2022 which investigated the psychological outcomes and peer function of children with nonsyndromic cleft lip and palate. Outcomes included internalizing problems, such as anxiety and depression, externalizing problems, such as hyperactivity, conduct disorders, self-concept including self-image and self-esteem, peer problems, resilience, coping, and overall psychological function. A risk of bias assessment was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Random effects models were used in the meta-analysis to compare the outcomes for children born with a cleft and those without. RESULTS In total 41 studies met inclusion criteria, with 9 included in the meta-analysis. Children born with a cleft appear to have similar psychological outcomes compared to normative controls when using the strengths and difficulties questionnaire. There are some minor differences between self-report and parent report, with parents generally reporting that their child with a cleft has increased emotional, conduct, and hyperactivity problems. The small differences between the study cohort and control cohorts are unlikely to imply any differences on a clinical level. CONCLUSIONS Overall psychological outcomes appear to be similar between children born with a cleft and the nonaffected population, however, some symptoms such as anxiety and depression appear higher in children with cleft lip and/or palate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma K Branson
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Victoria M Branson
- School of Psychology, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Roisin McGrath
- Melbourne Dental School, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Vanessa C Rausa
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Nicky Kilpatrick
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Dentistry, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Louise M Crowe
- Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Psychology Service, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
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4
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Kercher A, Beattie S, Donkin L, Shepherd D. Distress, waitlists and unmet needs: parents' reports of child psychological difficulties in Aotearoa New Zealand. Aust N Z J Public Health 2024; 48:100120. [PMID: 38215533 DOI: 10.1016/j.anzjph.2023.100120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/14/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Demand for children's mental health services has increased in New Zealand, yet little is known of young children's experience of psychological difficulties and treatment. This study investigated psychological symptoms and treatment experiences among primary-aged children. METHOD An online survey of parents assessed children's anxiety, depression, attentional, emotional, conduct and peer problems, and experiences seeking psychological treatment. RESULTS Based on 382 parental reports, between 24.9 and 34.6% of children experienced abnormal-range symptoms. Older children had higher distress, depression, and anxiety. Boys had more conduct, hyperactivity, and peer problems. Ethnicity was not associated with the incidence of symptoms, but parents of Pākeha/European children reported greater impact than Māori parents. One-third of children had been referred for assessment; more often older children, and those with higher hyperactivity, impact, and anxiety. Parents reported difficulties accessing assessment, common barriers included waitlists (53%), cost (43%), and not knowing who to contact (36%). Following intervention, only 51% of parents reported improvements. CONCLUSION NZ primary-aged children are experiencing more symptoms of psychological distress than previously reported and extensive difficulties accessing treatment. IMPLICATIONS FOR PUBLIC HEALTH There is a need for further screening and increased access to treatment to prevent worsening mental health outcomes in children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amy Kercher
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand.
| | - Seona Beattie
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | - Liesje Donkin
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
| | - Daniel Shepherd
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand
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Hocking P, Broadhurst M, Nixon RDV, Gannoni A. Validation of the Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0 for paediatric burn patients. Burns 2023; 49:1632-1642. [PMID: 37211476 DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Psychosocial Assessment Tool 2.0 (PAT-B) is an adaptation of an existing screening tool with the aim of the present study to examine its effectiveness and suitability to identify children and families at risk of emotional, behavioral, and social maladjustment following paediatric burns. METHODS Sixty-eight children aged between 6 months - 16 years (M = 4.40) admitted into hospital following paediatric burns, and their primary caregivers, were recruited. The PAT-B comprises several dimensions including family structure and resources, social support, as well as caregiver and child psychological difficulties. Caregivers completed the PAT-B and several standardized measures for validation purposes (e.g., caregiver reports of family functioning, child emotional and behavioural problems, caregiver distress). Children old enough to complete measures reported on their psychological functioning (e.g., posttraumatic stress and depression). Measures were completed within 3 weeks of child admission and then again at 3 months after burn. RESULTS The PAT-B demonstrated good construct validity, evidenced by moderate to strong correlations between the PAT-B Total and subscale scores and several criteria measures (family functioning, child behaviour and caregiver distress, child depressive symptoms, rs ranging from 0.33 -0.74). Preliminary support for criterion validity of the measure was observed when examined against the three tiers of the Paediatric Psychosocial Preventative Health Model. The proportion of families falling within these tiers of risk (Universal [low risk], 58.2%; Targeted, 31.3%; or Clinical range, 10.4%) was consistent with prior research. Sensitivity of the PAT-B to identify children and caregivers at high risk of psychological distress was 71% and 83%, respectively. CONCLUSION The PAT-B appears to be a reliable and valid instrument for indexing psychosocial risk across families who have sustained a paediatric burn. However, further testing and replication using a larger sample size is recommended before the tool is integrated into routine clinical care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phoebe Hocking
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University; Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Miriam Broadhurst
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University; Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Reginald D V Nixon
- College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University; Adelaide, South Australia, Australia; Flinders University Institute for Mental Health and Wellbeing, Flinders University; Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.
| | - Anne Gannoni
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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Ong JJ, Smith L, Shepherd DA, Xu J, Roberts G, Sung V. Emotional behavioral outcomes of children with unilateral and mild hearing loss. Front Pediatr 2023; 11:1209736. [PMID: 37859773 PMCID: PMC10582705 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1209736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Deaf and hard-of hearing (DHH) children often experience emotional/behavioral difficulties. The impact of unilateral/mild hearing loss (HL) on children's emotion and behavior are unclear. We aimed to describe emotional/behavioral, health related quality-of-life (HRQoL) and parent psychological distress outcomes of school-age children with unilateral/mild HL, compared to children with moderate to profound HL, and in relation to population norms; and identify predictive factors of emotional/behavioral difficulties. Methods Data of 339 DHH children, 5-12 years, enrolled in the Victorian Childhood Hearing Longitudinal Databank (VicCHILD), which include demographics, early development, medical/audiological characteristics and parent rated questionnaires of emotion/behavior, HRQoL and parental psychological distress collected at various stages of child's life were analyzed. We used Cohen's d to investigate the outcomes by measuring the mean score differences of both groups with published norms and logistic regression to analyze the factors predictive of emotional/behavioral difficulties. Results The proportion of children with unilateral/mild HL and moderate to profound HL who experienced emotional/behavioral difficulties was similar (18.3% vs. 20.6%), with hyperactivity and poor prosocial behavior reported as the predominant symptoms in both groups. Mean emotional/behavioral scores of both groups were comparable and substantially higher than normative population scores. This was also the case for HRQoL and levels of parent distress. Among children with unilateral/mild HL, additional health needs were the strongest predictive factor, demonstrating an approximately 1.7-fold increase in odds of emotional/behavioral difficulties (OR = 1.67; 95% CI 1.29-2.17, p < 0.001) with every additional health need. Early developmental concerns, other than communication milestone and attending mainstream schoolshowed weaker evidence of association. Conclusion Children with unilateral/mild HL were just as likely as those with moderate to profound HL to experience more emotional/behavioral difficulties, poorer HRQoL and higher parental distress scores compared to population norms. Our findings justify the provision of early intervention, support and medical services for all DHH children to identify those at risk of poorer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jean Ong
- Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children’s Hospital,Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, School of Medicine, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Libby Smith
- Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children’s Hospital,Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Daisy A. Shepherd
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jessica Xu
- Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children’s Hospital,Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Gehan Roberts
- Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children’s Hospital,Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Valerie Sung
- Centre for Community Child Health, The Royal Children’s Hospital,Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
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Chau T, Tiego J, Brown L, Coghill D, Jobson L, Montgomery A, Murrup-Stewart C, Sciberras E, Silk TJ, Spencer-Smith M, Stefanac N, Sullivan DP, Bellgrove MA. Against the use of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 2-15 years. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2023; 57:1343-1358. [PMID: 36974891 PMCID: PMC10517593 DOI: 10.1177/00048674231161504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire is a widely used screening tool for emotional and behavioural problems in children. Recent quantitative analyses have raised concerns regarding its structural validity in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander communities. This paper aims to extend upon existing findings by analysing the factor structure of both the parent- and teacher-reported Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in this population across a broader age range than in previous studies. METHODS Participants were the caregivers and teachers of 1624 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children (820 male, 804 female) aged 2-15 years from Waves 2-11 of the Longitudinal Study of Indigenous Children. The majority of children were Aboriginal living in major cities and inner regional areas. Internal consistency was estimated with McDonald's Omega. Exploratory structural equation modelling was conducted to investigate the factor structure of the parent-reported and teacher-reported versions of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. RESULTS Responses from teachers demonstrated higher internal consistency than responses from parents, which was unacceptably low across most age groups. The purported five-factor structure of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire failed to be replicated across both parent- and teacher-reported questionnaires. The results of bifactor and hierarchical exploratory structural equation models also failed to approximate the higher-order summary scales. These results indicate that the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire subscales and summary scores do not provide a valid index of emotional and behavioural problems in Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children. CONCLUSION The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire should not be used with Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracey Chau
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Jeggan Tiego
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Louise Brown
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedicine, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - David Coghill
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Department of Psychiatry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Laura Jobson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Alicia Montgomery
- Sydney Local Health District, NSW Health, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Cammi Murrup-Stewart
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Emma Sciberras
- Department of Paediatrics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
- Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, Royal Children’s Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Tim J Silk
- Centre for Social and Early Emotional Development, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Burwood, VIC, Australia
| | - Megan Spencer-Smith
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Nicole Stefanac
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel P Sullivan
- Child and Youth Mental Health Service, Queensland Health, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Child Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark A Bellgrove
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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Gandhi E, OGradey-Lee M, Jones A, Hudson JL. Receipt of evidence-based care for children and adolescents with anxiety in Australia. Aust N Z J Psychiatry 2022; 56:1463-1476. [PMID: 35044881 DOI: 10.1177/00048674211068780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Cognitive-behavioural therapy is recommended as the first-line treatment for children and adolescents with anxiety. Despite its efficacy, a recent United Kingdom study indicated that few children with anxiety disorders receive cognitive-behavioural therapy. The primary aim of this study was to examine the receipt of cognitive-behavioural therapy for children and adolescents with elevated anxiety symptoms in Australia. Second, this study also examined whether there was a difference in the type of treatment received based on socioeconomic status and geographical location. METHOD Using self-reported questionnaires, parents of children aged 4-18 years and children aged 12-18 years (N = 784; elevated anxiety symptom sample n = 169) were recruited from four samples: community (n = 164), school (n = 177), clinic (n = 16) and online panel provider (n = 427). Participants reported on the child's anxiety symptoms and the type of treatment (if any) the child received for their anxiety symptoms. RESULTS Results indicated that 19.5% of children and adolescents with elevated anxiety symptoms received evidence-based treatment (e.g. cognitive-behavioural therapy). Of those families who did seek help for anxiety in Australia, the majority (66.3%) did not receive cognitive-behavioural therapy. In addition, neither socioeconomic status (which was based on the Australian Index of Community Socio-Educational Advantage [ICSEA]) nor location (metropolitan vs regional/remote) affected whether individuals received evidence-based care or non-evidence-based care. CONCLUSION Overall, children and adolescents in this study seeking support for their anxiety symptoms were not receiving adequate evidence-based care, regardless of socioeconomic status and location. These findings indicate there is a need to increase the receipt of cognitive-behavioural therapy for children and adolescents with anxiety symptoms. The findings should tentatively be interpreted, given data were collected during the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Gandhi
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | | | - Alana Jones
- Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Jennifer L Hudson
- Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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9
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Christian H, Murray K, Trost SG, Schipperijn J, Trapp G, Maitland C, Divitini M. Meeting the Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years is associated with better social-emotional development in preschool boys. Prev Med Rep 2022; 27:101770. [PMID: 35321215 PMCID: PMC8935500 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2022.101770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Only 8% of preschool children meet all three 24-hour movement guidelines. Meeting 24-hour movement guidelines associated with boy’s social-emotional development. Dose–response evidence needed to identify guideline thresholds for health outcomes.
24-hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years promote that achieving all three-movement behaviour (sleep, sedentary behaviour and physical activity) recommendations is important for child health and development. We examined the association between meeting all, none and combinations of the Australian 24-Hour Movement Guidelines for the Early Years and social-emotional development in 1363 preschool (2–5 years) boys (52%) and girls. The PLAYCE study (Perth, Western Australia) parent survey collected data on children’s social-emotional development (Strengths & Difficulties Questionnaire), screen time, sleep and socio-demographic factors. Physical activity was measured using seven-day accelerometry. Only 8% of preschoolers met all three guidelines (5% met none). A higher proportion of boys than girls met physical activity-related guideline combinations (physical activity only, physical activity plus screen, physical activity plus sleep, all), while more girls than boys met sleep only guidelines (all p < 0.05). In boys, meeting all guidelines, compared with none, was associated with a lower total difficulties score (adjusted difference in means −1.90; 95%CI: −3.88, −0.10). Meeting the screen only guideline or the screen plus sleep guidelines, compared with none, were associated with lower total difficulties, conduct problems and hyperactivity scores in boys (all p < 0.05). Meeting the physical activity plus sleep guidelines, compared with none, were associated with lower total difficulties and conduct problems scores in boys (all p < 0.05). No significant associations were found for girls. These findings highlight the positive impact for boys social-emotional development in meeting all guidelines. Future guideline development should consider dose–response evidence to identify guideline thresholds for specific health and developmental outcomes for boys and girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayley Christian
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
- Corresponding author at: Telethon Kids Institute, PO Box 855, West Perth, WA 6872, Australia.
| | - Kevin Murray
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Stewart G. Trost
- School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane QLD 4001, Australia
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense DK-5230, Denmark
| | - Georgina Trapp
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
| | - Clover Maitland
- School of Human Sciences (Exercise and Sport Science), University of Western Australia, Perth WA 6009, Australia
- Centre for Behavioural Research in Cancer, Cancer Council Victoria, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Mark Divitini
- School of Population and Global Health, University of Western Australia, Nedlands WA 6009, Australia
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Safety of sibling cord blood cell infusion for children with cerebral palsy. Cytotherapy 2022; 24:931-939. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2022.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Mygind L, Elsborg P, Schipperijn J, Boruff B, Lum JAG, Bølling M, Flensborg-Madsen T, Bentsen P, Enticott PG, Christian H. Is vegetation cover in key behaviour settings important for early childhood socioemotional function? A preregistered, cross-sectional study. Dev Sci 2021; 25:e13200. [PMID: 34841627 DOI: 10.1111/desc.13200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The environmental influences on early childhood development are understudied. The association between vegetation cover (i.e., trees, shrubs, grassed areas) in four key behaviour settings and socioemotional functioning was investigated in 1196 young children (2-5 years). Emotional difficulties were inversely associated with vegetation cover in the home yard (OR: 0.81 [0.69-0.96]) and neighbourhood (OR: 0.79 [0.67-0.94]), but not in early childhood education and care (ECEC) centre outdoor areas or the ECEC neighbourhood. The higher odds of emotional difficulties associated with lower levels of maternal education was reduced with higher percentages of home yard vegetation cover. There was no evidence of mediation of the relationship between emotional difficulties and vegetation cover by time spent playing outside the home, day or nighttime sleep duration, or physical activity. We found no associations between vegetation cover and conduct, hyperactivity and inattention, peer difficulties, or prosocial behaviours. A video abstract of this article can be viewed at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J3HeEiIjVZc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerke Mygind
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.,Unit of Medical Psychology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, the Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Elsborg
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, the Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Health Promotion Research, the Capital Region of Denmark, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Jasper Schipperijn
- Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Bryan Boruff
- Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, Business and Law, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Agriculture and Environment, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Jarrad A G Lum
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Mads Bølling
- Health Promotion Research, the Capital Region of Denmark, Steno Diabetes Center Copenhagen, Gentofte, Denmark
| | - Trine Flensborg-Madsen
- Unit of Medical Psychology, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter Bentsen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, the Capital Region of Denmark, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Geoscience and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Peter G Enticott
- Cognitive Neuroscience Unit, School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia
| | - Hayley Christian
- Telethon Kids Institute, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.,School of Population and Global Health, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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12
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Fruh V, Rifas-Shiman SL, Coull BA, Devick KL, Amarasiriwardena C, Cardenas A, Bellinger DC, Wise LA, White RF, Wright RO, Oken E, Claus Henn B. Prenatal exposure to a mixture of elements and neurobehavioral outcomes in mid-childhood: Results from Project Viva. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111540. [PMID: 34166661 PMCID: PMC8502495 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead (Pb), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se) and methylmercury (MeHg) can be neurotoxic individually, despite Mn and Se also being essential elements. Little is known about the joint effects of essential and non-essential elements on neurobehavior, particularly for prenatal exposures. OBJECTIVES To evaluate associations of prenatal exposure to multiple elements with executive function and neurobehavior in children. METHODS Participants included 1009 mother-child pairs from the Project Viva pre-birth cohort. We estimated maternal erythrocyte Pb, Mn, Se, and Hg concentrations prenatally. In 6-11-year old children (median 7.6 years), parents and teachers rated children's executive function-related behaviors using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) Global Executive Composite score and behavioral difficulties using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) total difficulties score. We evaluated associations of element mixtures with neurobehavior using Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR), multivariable linear regression, and quantile g-computation. RESULTS Median erythrocyte Pb, Mn, Se, and Hg concentrations were 1.1 μg/dL, 33.1 μg/L, 204.5 ng/mL, and 3.1 ng/g, respectively. Findings from BKMR and quantile g-computation models both showed worse (higher) parent-rated BRIEF and SDQ z-scores with higher concentrations of the mixture, although estimates were imprecise. When remaining elements were set at their median within BKMR models, increases in Pb and Se from the 25th to 75th percentile of exposure distributions were associated with 0.08 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.19) and 0.07 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.16) standard deviation increases in parent-rated BRIEF scores, and 0.08 (95% CI: 0.02, 0.17) and 0.05 (95% CI: 0.03, 0.13) standard deviation increases in SDQ scores, respectively. There was no evidence of element interactions. DISCUSSION Although associations were small in magnitude, we found a trend of worsening neurobehavioral ratings with increasing prenatal exposure to an element mixture. However, we may be observing a limited range of dose-dependent impacts given the levels of exposure within our population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brent A Coull
- Department of Biostatistics, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katrina L Devick
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Chitra Amarasiriwardena
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David C Bellinger
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberta F White
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
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13
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Gould JF, Roberts RM, Anderson PJ, Makrides M, Sullivan TR, Gibson RA, McPhee AJ, Doyle LW, Opie G, Travadi J, Cheong JLY, Davis PG, Sharp M, Simmer K, Tan K, Morris S, Lui K, Bolisetty S, Liley H, Stack J, Best KP, Collins CT. Protocol for assessing if behavioural functioning of infants born <29 weeks' gestation is improved by omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids: follow-up of a randomised controlled trial. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e044740. [PMID: 33952546 PMCID: PMC8103387 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-044740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION During the last trimester of pregnancy, the fetal brain undergoes a rapid growth spurt and accumulates essential nutrients including docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This takes place ex-utero for infants born <29 weeks' gestation, without the in-utero provisions of DHA. Infants born <29 weeks' are more likely to experience behavioural and emotional difficulties than their term-born counterparts. It has been hypothesised that supplementing preterm infants with dietary DHA may alleviate insufficiency and subsequently prevent or minimise behavioural problems. This protocol describes a follow-up of infants born <29 weeks gestation who were enrolled in a randomised controlled trial (RCT) of DHA supplementation. We aim to determine whether DHA supplementation improves the behaviour, and general health of these infants. METHODS AND ANALYSIS Infants born <29 weeks' gestation were enrolled in a multicentre blinded RCT of enteral DHA supplementation. Infants were randomised to receive an enteral emulsion that provided 60 mg/kg/day of DHA or a control emulsion commenced within the first 3 days of enteral feeding, until 36 weeks' postmenstrual age or discharge home, whichever occurred first. Families of surviving children (excluding those who withdrew from the study) from the Australian sites (up to 955) will be invited to complete a survey. The survey will include questions regarding child behavioural and emotional functioning, executive functioning, respiratory health and general health. We hypothesise that the DHA intervention will have a benefit on the primary outcome, parent-rated behaviour and emotional status as measured using the Total Difficulties score of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. Detecting a 2-point difference between groups (small effect size of 0.25 SD) with 90% power will require follow-up of 676 participants. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The Women's and Children Health Network Human Research Ethics Committee reviewed and approved the study (HREC/16/WCHN/184). Results will be disseminated in peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ACTRN12612000503820.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline F Gould
- SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Psychology and Discipline of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Rachel M Roberts
- School of Psychology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Peter J Anderson
- Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Maria Makrides
- SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Thomas R Sullivan
- SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Robert A Gibson
- SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, South Australia, Australia
| | - Andrew J McPhee
- SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Neonatal Medicine, Women's and Children's Hospital Adelaide, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Lex William Doyle
- Department Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gillian Opie
- Neonatal Services, Mercy Hospital for Women, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia
| | - Javeed Travadi
- Newborn Services, John Hunter Children's Hospital, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia
- School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Newcastle, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeanie L Y Cheong
- Neonatal Medicine, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Peter G Davis
- Neonatal Medicine, Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Mary Sharp
- Neonatal Follow up, King Edward Memorial Hospital for Women Perth, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Karen Simmer
- Neonatal Research, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia
| | - Kenneth Tan
- Department of Paediatrics, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
- Monash Children's Hospital, Clayton, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Scott Morris
- Paediatric Neonatal Clinic, Flinders Medical Centre, Bedford Park, South Australia, Australia
| | - Kei Lui
- Newborn Care Centre, Royal Hospital for Women, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Srinivas Bolisetty
- Newborn Care Centre, Royal Hospital for Women, Randwick, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Helen Liley
- Mater Research - The Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Jacqueline Stack
- Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Karen P Best
- SAHMRI Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Carmel T Collins
- Discipline of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
- Women and Kids, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, North Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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14
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Clacy A, Sharman R, Lovell GP. Correlates of sport‐related concussion in male junior rugby union: A concurrent analysis of biopsychosocial factors. AUSTRALIAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/ajpy.12266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Clacy
- Sunshine Coast Mind and Neuroscience – Thompson Institute, University of the Sunshine Coast, Birtinya, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Rachael Sharman
- School of Social Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia,
| | - Geoff P. Lovell
- School of Social Sciences, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore, Queensland, Australia,
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15
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Leidy HJ, Gwin JA. Growing up strong: The importance of physical, mental, and emotional strength during childhood and adolescence with focus on dietary factors. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 45:1071-1080. [PMID: 32650648 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Childhood and adolescence are critical time periods for growth and development. Given the current physical and psychological health concerns affecting United States youth, an emerging area of interest exists supporting the importance of physical and psychological aspects of strength for health, resilience, and well-being through these life stages. This synopsis highlights the key concepts that were presented within the 2018 Strength Summit conference, entitled The Role of Strength in Optimal Health and Well-being. During the conference, strength was broadly defined as the ability to successfully respond to a challenge. Although much of the current research focuses on strength from a muscle function and performance perspective, mental and emotional strength are also important components of overall health and well-being, especially in children and adolescents. This paper provides a brief overview of the clinical and/or research-based strength outcomes, summarizes the relationship between strength and health, and discusses evidence-based dietary factors that promote strength in children and adolescents. Novelty Building physical, mental, and emotional strength during childhood and adolescence lays the foundation for health and well-being. Emerging evidence indicate positive associations between diet quality and strength in children and adolescents. Promising areas include the promotion of family-based meals, with focus on breakfast, for improved strength in United States youth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heather J Leidy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dept. of Pediatrics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78723, USA
| | - Jess A Gwin
- Military Nutrition Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Natick, MA 01760, USA.,Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, Belcamp, MD, USA
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16
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Dursun OB, Öğütlü H, Esın İS. Psychometric Properties of Turkish Version of the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire for Age 2-4. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 57:44-49. [PMID: 32110150 DOI: 10.29399/npa.23674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Introduction Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for 2-4 year olds (SDQ 2-4) is one of the best of these scales developed to screen children in early childhood for psychosocial problems. The aim of this study is to investigate the psychometric properties of SDQ 2-4 in Turkish for the age group of 2-4 years. Methods The study was conducted with 159 participants. SDQ 2-4 Parent and BITSEA scales were applied to parents. Patients whose scores were detected to be at risk were referred to the hospital and a clinical interview was performed. Results Chronbach alpha value for total difficulties scale was 0.80. Total difficulties score of the SDQ was positively correlated with the BITSEA/P score, and negatively correlated with the BITSEA/C score. Prosocial Behaviors score of SDQ was positively correlated with BITSEA/C while it was negatively correlated with BITSEA/P. In all scales of SDQ that identified the problem, the scores of the participants with clinical diagnosis were significantly higher than the scores of the participants not diagnosed. The cut-off value for total difficulties scale was calculated as 10 with 80% sensitivity and 88% specificity. Conclusion The SDQ 2-4 scale is valid and reliable in the Turkish language.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onur Burak Dursun
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Science, Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Research and Training Hospital, Trabzon, Turkey
| | - Hakan Öğütlü
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erzincan University Faculty of Medicine, Erzincan, Turkey
| | - İbrahim Selçuk Esın
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Atatürk University Faculty of Medicine, Erzurum, Turkey
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17
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Dahlberg A, Fält E, Ghaderi A, Sarkadi A, Salari R. Swedish norms for the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire for children 3-5 years rated by parents and preschool teachers. Scand J Psychol 2019; 61:253-261. [PMID: 31833080 PMCID: PMC7079007 DOI: 10.1111/sjop.12606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) is a widespread tool for assessing behavior problems in children and adolescents. Despite being investigated thoroughly concerning both validity and reliability, peer reviewed studies that provide norms, especially for preschool children, are lacking. This paper provides Swedish norms using data from a large community sample of children aged 3–5, based on mothers’, fathers’, and preschool teacher’s ratings. Preschool teachers’ ratings were generally lower than parents’ ratings, which contradicts some previous studies. Differences between girls and boys were found, suggesting that boys display higher levels of behavior problems. Lower parental education and country of origin outside of Sweden were also associated with more difficulties. Cut‐offs are presented for each age group, gender and rater category. Population‐specific norms and percentile cut‐offs provided in this study facilitate identifying children in need of interventions in paediatric care and enable cross‐country comparisons of children’s mental health problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Dahlberg
- Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Fält
- Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Ata Ghaderi
- Division of Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Sweden
| | - Anna Sarkadi
- Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
| | - Raziye Salari
- Child Health and Parenting (CHAP), Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Sweden
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18
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Fruh V, Rifas-Shiman SL, Amarasiriwardena C, Cardenas A, Bellinger DC, Wise LA, White RF, Wright RO, Oken E, Claus Henn B. Prenatal lead exposure and childhood executive function and behavioral difficulties in project viva. Neurotoxicology 2019; 75:105-115. [PMID: 31513824 PMCID: PMC6842061 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2019.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2019] [Revised: 09/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Lead is an established neurotoxicant and early life exposure to lead is associated with detrimental impacts on IQ and several neurobehavioral domains. Less is known, however, about effects of prenatal lead exposure below 5 μg/dL on executive function and on social, emotional and self-regulatory behaviors in childhood. OBJECTIVES To examine the association between prenatal lead exposure and childhood executive function and social, emotional and self-regulatory behaviors. METHODS We included 1006 mother-child pairs from the Project Viva prospective pre-birth cohort. We measured prenatal maternal lead in second-trimester erythrocytes. In mid-childhood (median 7.7 years), parents and teachers rated executive function related behaviors using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and behavioral difficulties using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ). We used multivariable linear regression models adjusted for maternal, paternal, and child characteristics and metal co-exposures. RESULTS Mean maternal erythrocyte lead concentration was 1.2 μg/dL (interquartile range [IQR] 0.8-1.5 μg /dL), equivalent to approximately 0.4 μg/dL in whole blood. In adjusted models, associations with parent and teacher-rated scales were largely null, although effect estimates were consistently positive, suggesting worse scores with increasing lead levels. For an IQR increase in lead, BRIEF Global Executive Composite (GEC) was 0.73 (95% CI: -0.06, 1.52) points higher for parent-rated scores and 0.42 (95% CI: -0.39, 1.23) points higher for teacher-rated scores. Associations were strongest for parent-rated BRIEF plan/organize (β = 0.85; 95% CI: 0.12, 1.59) and shift (β = 0.88; 95% CI: 0.01, 1.75) subscales, as well as the SDQ emotional problems subscale (β = 0.18; 95% CI: 0.03, 0.33). DISCUSSION In this cohort with lead levels commonly experienced by U.S. women, there were few statistically significant associations with childhood executive function and behavior. However, there was a trend of worse neurobehavioral scores with increasing prenatal lead concentrations, in particular for childhood emotional problems and capacity to plan/organize and shift. Our results highlight the importance of continuing efforts to eliminate lead exposure in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victoria Fruh
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Sheryl L Rifas-Shiman
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Chitra Amarasiriwardena
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Andres Cardenas
- Division of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David C Bellinger
- Department of Neurology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lauren A Wise
- Department of Epidemiology, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Roberta F White
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Robert O Wright
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Public Health, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Emily Oken
- Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Birgit Claus Henn
- Department of Environmental Health, Boston University, Boston, MA, USA
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19
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Gridley N, Blower S, Dunn A, Bywater T, Bryant M. Psychometric Properties of Child (0-5 Years) Outcome Measures as used in Randomized Controlled Trials of Parent Programs: A Systematic Review. Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev 2019; 22:388-405. [PMID: 30806864 PMCID: PMC6669186 DOI: 10.1007/s10567-019-00277-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review is one of the three which sought to identify measures commonly implemented in parenting program research, and to assess the level of psychometric evidence available for their use with this age group. This review focuses specifically on measures of child social-emotional and behavioral outcomes. Two separate searches of the same databases were conducted; firstly to identify eligible instruments, and secondly to identify studies reporting on the psychometric properties of the identified measures. Five commercial platforms hosting 19 electronic databases were searched from their inception to conducted search dates. Twenty-four measures were identified from Search 1: a systematic search of randomized controlled trial evaluations of parenting programs. For Search 2, inclusion/exclusion criteria were applied to 21,329 articles that described the development and/or validation of the 24 measures identified in Search 1. Thirty articles met the inclusion criteria. resulting in 11 parent report questionnaires and three developmental assessment measures for review. Data were extracted and synthesized to describe the methodological quality of each article using the COSMIN checklist alongside the overall quality rating of the psychometric property reported for each measure. Measure reliability was categorized into four domains (internal consistency, test-re-test, inter-rater, and intra-rater). Measure validity was categorized into four domains (content, structural, convergent/divergent, and discriminant). Results indicated that supporting evidence for included measures is weak. Further work is required to improve the evidence base for those measures designed to assess children's social-emotional and behavioral development in this age group. PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42016039600.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole Gridley
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
- Carnegie School of Education, Leeds Beckett University, Leeds, UK
| | - Sarah Blower
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Abby Dunn
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Tracey Bywater
- Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York, YO10 5DD, UK
| | - Maria Bryant
- Clinical Trials Research Unit, Leeds Institute of Clinical Trials Research, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
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20
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de Vries PJ, Davids EL, Mathews C, Aarø LE. Measuring adolescent mental health around the globe: psychometric properties of the self-report Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in South Africa, and comparison with UK, Australian and Chinese data. Epidemiol Psychiatr Sci 2018; 27:369-380. [PMID: 28112065 PMCID: PMC6998978 DOI: 10.1017/s2045796016001207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire Self-Report (SDQ-S) in South African adolescents, and compared findings with data from the UK, Australia and China. METHODS A sample of 3451 South African adolescents in grade 8, the first year of secondary school (Mage = 13.7 years), completed the SDQ-S in Afrikaans, English or isiXhosa. Means, group differences and internal consistency were analysed using SPSS V22, and confirmatory factor analyses were conducted using MPlus V7. RESULTS In the South African sample, significant gender differences were found for four of the five sub-scale means and for total difficulties, but gender differences of alpha scores were negligible. The internal consistency for the total difficulties, prosocial behaviour and emotional symptoms sub-scales were fair. UK cut-off values for caseness (set to identify the top 10% of scores in a UK sample) led to a higher proportion of South African adolescents classified in the 'abnormal' range on emotional and peer difficulties and a lower proportion classified in the 'abnormal' range for hyperactivity. South African cut-offs were therefore generated. The cross-country comparison with UK, Australian and Chinese data showed that South African adolescent boys and girls had the highest mean scores on total difficulties as well as on the subscales of emotional symptoms and conduct problems. In contrast, South African boys and girls had the lowest mean scores for hyperactivity/inattention. The UK boys and girls had the highest mean scores for hyperactivity/inattention, while the Australian sample had the highest scores for prosocial behaviours. The Chinese boys had the highest peer problem mean scores and Chinese boys and girls had the lowest means on prosocial behaviours. Confirmatory factor analyses showed significant item loadings with loadings higher than 0.40 for the emotional and prosocial behaviour sub-scales on the five-factor model, but not for all relevant items on the other three domains. CONCLUSIONS Findings support the potential usefulness of the SDQ-S in a South African setting, but suggest that the SDQ-S should not be used with UK cut-off values, and indicate the need for further validation and standardisation work in South African adolescents. We recommend that in-country cut-offs for 'caseness' should be used for clinical purposes in South Africa, that cross-country comparisons should be made with caution, and that further examination of naturalistic clusters and factors of the SDQ should be performed in culturally and contextually diverse settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- P. J. de Vries
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, South Africa
- Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - E. L. Davids
- Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Cape Town, South Africa
- Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - C. Mathews
- Adolescent Health Research Unit, University of Cape Town, South Africa
- Health Systems Research Unit, Medical Research Council; & School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, South Africa
| | - L. E. Aarø
- Department of Health Promotion, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Bergen, Norway
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21
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Zwi K, Woodland L, Mares S, Rungan S, Palasanthiran P, Williams K, Woolfenden S, Jaffe A. Helping refugee children thrive: what we know and where to next. Arch Dis Child 2018; 103:529-532. [PMID: 29275398 DOI: 10.1136/archdischild-2017-314055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 11/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karen Zwi
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Lisa Woodland
- District Executive Unit, South Eastern Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sarah Mares
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Santuri Rungan
- Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Pamela Palasanthiran
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | | | - Susan Woolfenden
- Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Adam Jaffe
- University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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22
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Wong LC, Ching T, Cupples L, Leigh G, Marnane, Button L, Martin L, Whitfield L, Gunnourie M. Comparing Parent and Teacher Ratings of Emotional and Behavioural Difficulties in 5-year old Children who are Deaf or Hard-of-Hearing. DEAFNESS & EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL : THE JOURNAL OF THE BRITISH ASSOCIATION OF TEACHERS OF THE DEAF 2018; 22:3-26. [PMID: 32410844 PMCID: PMC7224400 DOI: 10.1080/14643154.2018.1475956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/09/2018] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Children who are deaf or hard of hearing (DHH) are at higher risk of developing mental health problems. This study reports on the parent and teacher ratings of emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD) in 5-year old DHH children. It explores the similarities and differences between informants, and the risk and protective factors associated with parent and teacher-ratings of EBD. Parents and teachers of 224 DHH children completed questionnaires on children's EBD and functional auditory behaviour. Children completed standardised assessments of non-verbal cognitive and language abilities. On average, parent- and teacher-rated EBD were 0.42 and 0.20 standard deviations higher than typically developing children. Parents reported more behavioural problems (hyperactivity and conduct), whereas teachers reported poorer prosocial behaviour. Inter-rater correlations were generally low to moderate (0.29 to 0.50). Overall, children with additional disabilities, lower non-verbal cognitive ability, and poor functional auditory behaviour were at higher risk of EBD. Language ability was only a significant predictor of teacher-rated EBD for children with hearing aids but not cochlear implants. Differences in informant-ratings emphasize the need for a multi-informant approach to get a global perspective on the psychopathology of DHH children. The findings indicate that parents may need assistance with managing behavioural problems at home, and teachers should facilitate more opportunities to practice prosocial behaviour at school. Intervention efforts should focus on facilitating good functional listening skills, as this may in turn, improve the mental health of young DHH children.
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Affiliation(s)
- L C Wong
- National Acoustic Laboratories
- HEARing Cooperative Research Centre
| | - Tyc Ching
- National Acoustic Laboratories
- HEARing Cooperative Research Centre
| | | | - G Leigh
- HEARing Cooperative Research Centre
- Royal Institute for Deaf and Blind Children
| | - Marnane
- National Acoustic Laboratories
- HEARing Cooperative Research Centre
| | - L Button
- National Acoustic Laboratories
- HEARing Cooperative Research Centre
| | - L Martin
- National Acoustic Laboratories
- HEARing Cooperative Research Centre
| | - L Whitfield
- National Acoustic Laboratories
- HEARing Cooperative Research Centre
| | - M Gunnourie
- National Acoustic Laboratories
- HEARing Cooperative Research Centre
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23
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Wong CL, Ching TY, Leigh G, Cupples L, Button L, Marnane V, Whitfield J, Gunnourie M, Martin L. Psychosocial development of 5-year-old children with hearing loss: Risks and protective factors. Int J Audiol 2018; 57:S81-S92. [PMID: 27541363 PMCID: PMC5316508 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2016.1211764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this paper were to report on the global psychosocial functioning of 5-year-old DHH children and examine the risk and protective factors that predict outcomes. DESIGN A cross-sectional analysis of data collected from a prospective, population-based longitudinal study. STUDY SAMPLE Parents/caregivers of 356 children completed questionnaires on psychosocial development (CDI, SDQ), functional communication (PEACH) and demographic information. Children completed standardized assessments of non-verbal cognitive ability (WNV) and language (PLS-4). RESULTS On average, global psychosocial functioning was within the range of typically developing children; however, variability was high and 12% of children had scores that were more than 2 SDs below the norm. Non-verbal cognitive ability, presence of additional disabilities, language and functional communication significantly predicted outcomes. In contrast, type of hearing device, severity of hearing loss and age at intervention did not. CONCLUSION The global psychosocial functioning of this cohort of 5-year-old DHH children fell within the range of typically developing children. The findings suggest that spoken language ability and functional communication skills are vital for healthy psychosocial development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Wong
- a National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL) and HEARing CRC
| | | | - Greg Leigh
- b Royal Institute for Deaf and Blind Children (RIDBC) , and
| | | | - Laura Button
- a National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL) and HEARing CRC
| | | | | | | | - Louise Martin
- a National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL) and HEARing CRC
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24
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Wong CL, Ching TYC, Cupples L, Button L, Leigh G, Marnane V, Whitfield J, Gunnourie M, Martin L. Psychosocial Development in 5-Year-Old Children With Hearing Loss Using Hearing Aids or Cochlear Implants. Trends Hear 2018; 21:2331216517710373. [PMID: 28752809 PMCID: PMC5536374 DOI: 10.1177/2331216517710373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
This article reports on the psychosocial development and factors influencing outcomes of 5-year-old children with cochlear implants (CIs) or hearing aids (HAs). It further examines differences between children with CIs and HAs with similar levels of hearing loss. Data were collected as part of the Longitudinal Outcomes of Children with Hearing Impairment study-a prospective, population-based study. Parents/caregivers of children completed the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire ( n = 333), the Social Skills subscale from the Child Development Inventory ( n = 317), and questionnaires on functional auditory behavior (Parents' Evaluation of Aural/oral performance of Children), and demographics. Children completed assessments of nonverbal cognitive ability (Wechsler Non-verbal Scale of Ability) and language (Preschool Language Scale - fourth edition). On average, parent-rated Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire scores on emotional or behavioral difficulties were within 1 SD of the normative mean; however, Child Development Inventory scores on social skills were more than 1 SD below the norm. Children with severe-to-profound hearing losses using HAs had significantly more behavioral problems than children with CIs. Regression analyses showed that non-verbal cognitive ability, language, and functional auditory behavior were significantly associated with psychosocial outcomes for children with HAs, whereas outcomes for children with CIs were associated with functional auditory behavior and the presence of additional disabilities. Age at hearing intervention, severity of hearing loss, and communication mode were not associated with outcomes. The results suggest that even children who develop good language ability with the help of a HA or CI may have psychosocial problems if they exhibit difficulties with listening and communicating in everyday environments. The findings have implications for developing interventions for young children with hearing loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cara L Wong
- 1 National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL), Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,2 HEARing CRC, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia.,3 Macquarie University, NSW, Australia
| | - Teresa Y C Ching
- 1 National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL), Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,2 HEARing CRC, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | | | - Laura Button
- 1 National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL), Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,2 HEARing CRC, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Greg Leigh
- 4 Royal Institute for Deaf and Blind Children (RIDBC), Sydney, Australia
| | - Vivienne Marnane
- 1 National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL), Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,2 HEARing CRC, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Jessica Whitfield
- 1 National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL), Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,2 HEARing CRC, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Miriam Gunnourie
- 1 National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL), Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,2 HEARing CRC, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
| | - Louise Martin
- 1 National Acoustics Laboratories (NAL), Macquarie University, NSW, Australia.,2 HEARing CRC, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Australia
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25
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Zwi K, Mares S, Nathanson D, Tay AK, Silove D. The impact of detention on the social-emotional wellbeing of children seeking asylum: a comparison with community-based children. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2018; 27:411-422. [PMID: 29177563 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-017-1082-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2017] [Accepted: 11/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Accumulating literature demonstrates that immigration detention is harmful to children. However, there is a scarcity of scientifically rigorous and reliable data about the health of children held in detention facilities. The aim of the study was to compare a community-based population of recently arrived refugee children flown into Australia, not detained, resettled in a non-urban area, with a population of children who arrived by boat seeking asylum, detained since arrival. The parent-version of the strength and difficulties questionnaire (SDQ) of children aged 4-15 years was compared in children living in the community with those held in detention. We compared 86 children who had a parent-completed SDQ performed, 38 (44%) in the community group and 48 (56%) in the detention group. The community sample had been living in Australia for 325 days, with no time in detention. The detention sample had been living in detention for a mean of 221 days. The mean age was similar for the community and detention sample at 8.4 years (P = 0.18). In the total sample, children in the detention group had significantly higher SDQ total difficulties scores than children in the community group (P < 0.0001). There was no difference between age groups (P = 0.82). The children in the detention group had, on average, an SDQ total difficulties score that was 12 points higher than children in the community group. Four of the five SDQ subscale scores indicated greater disturbance amongst children in detention (< 0.0001) compared to children living in the community. The detention group had significantly higher scores (P < 0.001) for all except Pro-social scores as compared to Australian norms for the 4-6 and 7-15 years age group. This study presents a rare opportunity to compare the wellbeing of displaced children who were detained following arrival in Australia with those settled in the Australian community since arrival. The community children's scores approximated data from the general Australian childhood population. Children held in detention had significantly more social, emotional and behavioural difficulties than children living in the community, and at levels resembling a clinical cohort. Despite the small sample size, data restrictions and other limitations of the data, statistical significance in differences between the community and detention children is marked and arguably demonstrates the negative impact of post-arrival detention in children who are presumed to have similar levels of pre-arrival adversity. If the objective is to optimise the health and wellbeing of children seeking asylum, removal of post-arrival detention is one of the most powerful interventions available to host countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen Zwi
- School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. .,Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Sarah Mares
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Australia
| | - Dania Nathanson
- Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, High Street, Randwick, Sydney, Australia
| | - Alvin Kuowei Tay
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Psychiatry Research and Teaching Unit, Ingham Applied Medical Institute, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool, Australia
| | - Derrick Silove
- School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia.,Psychiatry Research and Teaching Unit, South West Sydney Local Health District, Sydney, Australia
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26
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Gilbertson TJ, Morgan AJ, Rapee RM, Lyneham HJ, Bayer JK. Psychometric properties of the Child Anxiety Life Interference Scale - Preschool Version. J Anxiety Disord 2017; 52:62-71. [PMID: 29053989 DOI: 10.1016/j.janxdis.2017.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2017] [Revised: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 10/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite growing recognition of childhood anxiety as a common and often debilitating clinical concern, we have limited knowledge of the particular ways in which anxiety interferes with daily life for young children who have not yet entered formal schooling. The present study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Child Anxiety Life Interference Scale - Preschool Version (CALIS-PV). The CALIS-PV is a brief (18 item) parent-report measure of the impacts of a young child's anxiety on their own life and that of her or his parent. Participants were 784 parents of a child aged 3-7 years, who completed the CALIS-PV as a part of the follow-up assessment battery for two anxiety prevention trials targeted at preschool children with temperamental inhibition. Confirmatory factor analysis supported three CALIS-PV factors reflecting anxiety-related life interference at home, outside home and on parent life. The three factors showed good internal consistency and good convergent and divergent validity, and successfully differentiated children with and without an anxiety diagnosis. Findings provide initial support for the CALIS-PV as a reliable and valid measure of the daily life impacts of childhood anxiety for preschool-aged children and their parents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamsyn J Gilbertson
- Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Amy J Morgan
- Melbourne School of Population and Global Health, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia.
| | - Ronald M Rapee
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Heidi J Lyneham
- Centre for Emotional Health, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia.
| | - Jordana K Bayer
- Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Melbourne, Australia; School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia.
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27
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Psychometric Properties and Normative Data for the Preschool Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire in Two-Year-Old Children. JOURNAL OF ABNORMAL CHILD PSYCHOLOGY 2016; 45:345-357. [DOI: 10.1007/s10802-016-0176-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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28
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Thomson J, Seers K, Frampton C, Hider P, Moor S. Sequential population study of the impact of earthquakes on the emotional and behavioural well-being of 4-year-olds in Canterbury, New Zealand. J Paediatr Child Health 2016; 52:18-24. [PMID: 26303055 DOI: 10.1111/jpc.12988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/16/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM Exposure to a large natural disaster can lead to behavioural disturbances, developmental delay and anxiety among young children. Although most children are resilient, some will develop mental health problems. Major earthquakes occurred in Canterbury, New Zealand, in September 2010 and February 2011. A community screening tool assessing behavioural and emotional problems in children, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, has been reported by parents (SDQ-P) and teachers (SDQ-T) of all 4-year-olds in the region since 2008. METHODS Mean total and subtest scores for the SDQ-P and SDQ-T were compared across periods before, during and after the earthquakes in sequential population cohorts of children. Comparisons across the periods were made in relation to the proportions of children defined by New Zealand norms as 'abnormal'. Results were also compared between zones considered to have been exposed to higher or lower impact from the earthquakes. RESULTS Parent mean total SDQ scores did not change between periods before, during and after the earthquakes. Teacher mean SDQ total scores significantly reduced (improved) when compared between baseline and post-earthquake periods. Mean SDQ pro-social scores from both teachers and parents increased (strengthened) when compared between baseline and post-earthquake periods. Results did not significantly vary according to a measure of impact from the earthquakes. CONCLUSION The main finding that a population-based measure of behavioural and emotional problems among children was not deleteriously impacted by the earthquakes is surprising and is not consistent with other research findings. Further work is needed to explore the health needs of children in Canterbury based on methodological improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janine Thomson
- Department of Paediatrics, Canterbury District Health Board, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Kara Seers
- Department of Population Health, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Chris Frampton
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Phil Hider
- Department of Population Health, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
| | - Stephanie Moor
- Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Christchurch, New Zealand
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